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Pan J, Peng J, Li X, Wang H, Rong X, Peng Y. Transmission of NLRP3-IL-1β Signals in Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury: from Microglia to Adjacent Neuron and Endothelial Cells via IL-1β/IL-1R1/TRAF6. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2749-2766. [PMID: 36717480 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome drives the profound cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury (I/R) and mediates the secretion of IL-1β (interleukin-1β), which exerts a subsequent cascade of inflammatory injury. The NLRP3-activated-microglial manipulation in adjacent neuronal and endothelial NLRP3 activation has been confirmed in our previous studies. In the present study, we extended the cognition of how microglia mediated neuronal and endothelial NLRP3-IL-1β signaling during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. In vitro, Neuro-2a and bEND3 cells were cultured alone or co-cultured with BV2 cells and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) was performed. In vivo, transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) rat models and lentiviral silencing targeting IL-1R1 were performed. The NLRP3 inflammasome activation was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. In the co-culture system after OGD/R treatment, NLRP3 inflammasomes in neurons and endothelial cells were activated by microglial IL-1β via IL-1β/IL-1R1/TRAF6 signaling pathway, with the basal protein level of NLRP3. In addition, ruptured lysosomes engulfing ASC specks which were possibly secreted from microglia triggered the enhanced NLRP3 expression. In cortices of tMCAO rats at 24 h of reperfusion, silencing IL-1R1, mainly presented in neurons and endothelial cells, was efficient to block the subsequent inflammatory damage and leukocyte brain infiltration, leading to better neurological outcome. Neuronal and endothelial NLRP3 inflammasomes were activated by microglia in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury mainly via IL-1β/IL-1R1/TRAF6 signaling, which might be therapeutically targetable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Pan
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jialing Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangpen Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongxuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoming Rong
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 West Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Ling W, Huang YM, Qiao YC, Zhang XX, Zhao HL. Human Amylin: From Pathology to Physiology and Pharmacology. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:944-957. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190328111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The histopathological hallmark of type 2 diabetes is islet amyloid implicated in the developing treatment options. The major component of human islet amyloid is 37 amino acid peptide known as amylin or islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). Amylin is an important hormone that is co-localized, copackaged, and co-secreted with insulin from islet β cells. Physiologically, amylin regulates glucose homeostasis by inhibiting insulin and glucagon secretion. Furthermore, amylin modulates satiety and inhibits gastric emptying via the central nervous system. Normally, human IAPP is soluble and natively unfolded in its monomeric state. Pathologically, human IAPP has a propensity to form oligomers and aggregate. The oligomers show misfolded α-helix conformation and can further convert themselves to β-sheet-rich fibrils as amyloid deposits. The pathological findings and physiological functions of amylin have led to the introduction of pramlintide, an amylin analog, for the treatment of diabetes. The history of amylin’s discovery is a representative example of how a pathological finding can translate into physiological exploration and lead to pharmacological intervention. Understanding the importance of transitioning from pathology to physiology and pharmacology can provide novel insight into diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yan-Mei Huang
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yong-Chao Qiao
- Department of Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhang
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Hai-Lu Zhao
- Center for Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China
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3
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Heller A, Coffman SS, Friedman KA. Obesity-Dependent Accumulation of Titanium in the Pancreas of Type 2 Diabetic Donors. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1351-1356. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Heller
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sheryl S. Coffman
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Keith A. Friedman
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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4
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Zhang XX, Qiao YC, Li W, Zou X, Chen YL, Shen J, Liao QY, Zhang QJ, He L, Zhao HL. Human amylin induces CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the protection from autoimmune diabetes. Immunol Res 2019; 66:179-186. [PMID: 28983871 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8956-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diabetes is a disorder of immune homeostasis that leads to targeted insulin-secreting islet β cell destruction characterized by insulitis. Human amylin (hA) is an important neuroendocrine hormone co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β cells. Here, we report hA immune-modulatory action through inducing regulatory T cells. We ex vivo-treated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) with hA for 24 h and counted CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) using flow cytometry. Diabetic status was monitored and splenic Treg were measured in non-obese diabetic (NOD) male mice. NOD mice were intraperitoneally injected once daily with hA (n = 25) or solvent for control (n = 25) for 7 months continuously. Spleen tissues were collected at the end of intervention and processed for flow cytometry and Western blot. We found a 2.9-fold (p < 0.05) increase of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg in hPBMCs treated with 10 nmol/L hA compared with negative control. Incidence of diabetes in hA-treated NOD mice decreased 44% (p = 0.045) in the 6th month and 57% (p = 0.0002) in the 7th month. Meanwhile, the hA treatment induced a 1.5-fold increase of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg from mouse splenocytes (p = 0.0013). Expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) were upregulated in hA-treated mice. Human amylin might protect against autoimmune diabetes via the induction of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg, which suggests a novel approach to improve autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xi Zhang
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yong-Chao Qiao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Wan Li
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Xia Zou
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Yin-Ling Chen
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Qin-Yuan Liao
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Qiu-Jin Zhang
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Hai-Lu Zhao
- Centre of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Excellence, and Department of Immunology, Guangxi Area of Excellence, Guilin Medical University, Huan Cheng North 2nd Road 109, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China. .,Department of Immunology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China.
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5
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King BC, Kulak K, Krus U, Rosberg R, Golec E, Wozniak K, Gomez MF, Zhang E, O'Connell DJ, Renström E, Blom AM. Complement Component C3 Is Highly Expressed in Human Pancreatic Islets and Prevents β Cell Death via ATG16L1 Interaction and Autophagy Regulation. Cell Metab 2019; 29:202-210.e6. [PMID: 30293775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We show here that human pancreatic islets highly express C3, which is both secreted and present in the cytosol. Within isolated human islets, C3 expression correlates with type 2 diabetes (T2D) donor status, HbA1c, and inflammation. Islet C3 expression is also upregulated in several rodent diabetes models. C3 interacts with ATG16L1, which is essential for autophagy. Autophagy relieves cellular stresses faced by β cells during T2D and maintains cellular homeostasis. C3 knockout in clonal β cells impaired autophagy and led to increased apoptosis after exposure of cells to palmitic acid and IAPP. In the absence of C3, autophagosomes do not undergo fusion with lysosomes. Thus, C3 may be upregulated in islets during T2D as a cytoprotective factor against β cell dysfunction caused by impaired autophagy. Therefore, we revealed a previously undescribed intracellular function for C3, connecting the complement system directly to autophagy, with a broad potential importance in other diseases and cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben C King
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Klaudia Kulak
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Krus
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rebecca Rosberg
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ewelina Golec
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Katarzyna Wozniak
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Maria F Gomez
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Enming Zhang
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - David J O'Connell
- School of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Erik Renström
- Lund University Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Section of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, 214-28 Malmö, Sweden.
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6
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Fu W, Vukojevic V, Patel A, Soudy R, MacTavish D, Westaway D, Kaur K, Goncharuk V, Jhamandas J. Role of microglial amylin receptors in mediating beta amyloid (Aβ)-induced inflammation. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:199. [PMID: 28985759 PMCID: PMC5639602 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0972-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation in the brain consequent to activation of microglia is viewed as an important component of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Amyloid beta (Aβ) protein is known to activate microglia and unleash an inflammatory cascade that eventually results in neuronal dysfunction and death. In this study, we sought to identify the presence of amylin receptors on human fetal and murine microglia and determine whether Aβ activation of the inflammasome complex and subsequent release of cytokines is mediated through these receptors. Methods The presence of dimeric components of the amylin receptor (calcitonin receptor and receptor activity modifying protein 3) were first immunohistochemically identified on microglia. Purified human fetal microglial (HFM) cultures were incubated with an in vivo microglial marker, DyLight 594-conjugated tomato lectin, and loaded with the membrane-permeant green fluorescent dye, Fluo-8L-AM for measurements of intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i. HFM and BV-2 cells were primed with lipopolysaccharide and then exposed to either human amylin or soluble oligomeric Aβ1–42 prior to treatment with and without the amylin receptor antagonist, AC253. Changes in the inflammasome complex, NLRP3 and caspase-1, were examined in treated cell cultures with Western blot and fluorometric assays. RT-PCR measurements were performed to assess cytokine release. Finally, in vivo studies were performed in transgenic mouse model of AD (5xFAD) to examine the effects of systemic administration of AC253 on markers of neuroinflammation in the brain. Results Acute applications of human amylin or Aβ1–42 resulted in an increase in [Ca2+]i that could be blocked by the amylin receptor antagonist, AC253. Activation of the NLRP3 and caspase-1 and subsequent release of cytokines, TNFα and IL-1β, was diminished by AC253 pretreatment of HFMs and BV2 cells. In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of AC253 resulted in a reduction in microglial markers (Iba-1 and CD68), caspase-1, TNFα, and IL-1β. These reductions in inflammatory markers were accompanied by reduction in amyloid plaque and size in the brains of 5xFAD mice compared to controls. Conclusion Microglial amylin receptors mediate Aβ-evoked inflammation, and amylin receptor antagonists therefore offer an attractive therapeutic target for intervention in AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-0972-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Vlatka Vukojevic
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Aarti Patel
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Rania Soudy
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - David MacTavish
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - David Westaway
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kamaljit Kaur
- Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Jack Jhamandas
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 530 Heritage Medical Research Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
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7
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Kulak K, Westermark GT, Papac-Milicevic N, Renström E, Blom AM, King BC. The human serum protein C4b-binding protein inhibits pancreatic IAPP-induced inflammasome activation. Diabetologia 2017; 60:1522-1533. [PMID: 28500395 PMCID: PMC5491568 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4286-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β production is a driver of islet pathology in type 2 diabetes. Oligomers, but not mature amyloid fibrils, of human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), which is co-secreted with insulin, trigger NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. C4b-binding protein (C4BP), present in serum, binds to IAPP and affects transition of IAPP monomers and oligomers to amyloid fibrils. We therefore hypothesised that C4BP inhibits IAPP-mediated inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. METHODS Macrophages were exposed to IAPP in the presence or absence of plasma-purified human C4BP, and inflammasome activation was assessed by IL-1β secretion as detected by ELISA and reporter cell lines. IAPP fibrillation was assessed by thioflavin T assay. Uptake of IAPP-C4BP complexes and their effects on phagolysosomal stability were assessed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The effect of C4BP regulation of IAPP-mediated inflammasome activation on beta cell function was assessed using a clonal rat beta cell line. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the association of IAPP amyloid deposits and macrophage infiltration in isolated human and mouse pancreatic islets, and expression of C4BP from isolated human pancreatic islets was assessed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot. RESULTS C4BP significantly inhibited IAPP-mediated IL-1β secretion from primed macrophages at physiological concentrations in a dose-dependent manner. C4BP bound to and was internalised together with IAPP. C4BP did not affect IAPP uptake into phagolysosomal compartments, although it did inhibit its formation into amyloid fibrils. The loss of macrophage phagolysosomal integrity induced by IAPP incubation was inhibited by co-incubation with C4BP. Supernatant fractions from macrophages activated with IAPP inhibited both insulin secretion and viability of clonal beta cells in an IL-1β-dependent manner but the presence of C4BP during macrophage IAPP incubation rescued beta cell function and viability. In human and mouse islets, the presence of amyloid deposits correlated with higher numbers of infiltrating macrophages. Isolated human islets expressed and secreted C4BP, which increased with addition of IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION IAPP deposition is associated with inflammatory cell infiltrates in pancreatic islets. C4BP blocks IAPP-induced inflammasome activation by preventing the loss of macrophage phagolysosomal integrity required for NLRP3 activation. The consequence of this is the preservation of beta cell function and viability. C4BP is secreted directly from human pancreatic islets and this increases in response to inflammatory cytokines. We therefore propose that C4BP acts as an extracellular chaperone protein that limits the proinflammatory effects of IAPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Kulak
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | - Erik Renström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Anna M Blom
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ben C King
- Division of Medical Protein Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Inga Marie Nilssons Gata 53, Skåne University Hospital, S20502, Malmö, Sweden.
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8
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The pH-dependent assembly of Chaplin E from Streptomyces coelicolor. J Struct Biol 2017; 198:82-91. [PMID: 28400129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chaplin E, is one of five self-assembling peptides secreted by Streptomyces coelicolor that assist aerial growth by lowering the surface tension of water. Although the surface activity of a mixture of chaplin peptides has observed to depend on pH, it is unclear how the solvent environment (i.e. pH) influences the structure, assembly and subsequent functionality of these individual peptides. In this study, the conformation and fibril forming propensity of the Chaplin E peptide was assessed as a function of pH using a combination of experimental measurements and molecular dynamics simulations. At an acidic pH of 3.0, Chaplin E retained a random coil structure, whereas at the isoelectric point of 6.7 or a basic pH of 10.0, Chaplin E rapidly formed amyloid fibrils rich in β-sheet structure with high efficiency (>93%). Molecular dynamics simulations indicate the persistence of greater α-helical content at the N-terminus at high pH; this is likely partly due to the lack of electrostatic repulsion between residues His6 and Lys10. Since fibril formation was observed at high but not at low pH, we propose that the presence of an N-terminal α-helix in the monomeric form of Chaplin E is required for aggregation and conversion to β-amyloid fibrils. The pH sensitivity of Chaplin E peptide structure provides a route to control peptide assembly and may be important for the physiological function of this peptide, as a surface active agent in the transition from vegetative to aerial growth and could assist Streptomyces coelicolor in response to environmental fluctuations in pH.
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9
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Zhang XX, Pan YH, Huang YM, Zhao HL. Neuroendocrine hormone amylin in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2016; 7:189-97. [PMID: 27162583 PMCID: PMC4856891 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v7.i9.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuroendocrine hormone amylin, also known as islet amyloid polypeptide, is co-localized, co-packaged and co-secreted with insulin from adult pancreatic islet β cells to maintain glucose homeostasis. Specifically, amylin reduces secretion of nutrient-stimulated glucagon, regulates blood pressure with an effect on renin-angiotensin system, and delays gastric emptying. The physiological actions of human amylin attribute to the conformational α-helix monomers whereas the misfolding instable oligomers may be detrimental to the islet β cells and further transform to β-sheet fibrils as amyloid deposits. No direct evidence proves that the amylin fibrils in amyloid deposits cause diabetes. Here we also have performed a systematic review of human amylin gene changes and reported the S20G mutation is minor in the development of diabetes. In addition to the metabolic effects, human amylin may modulate autoimmunity and innate inflammation through regulatory T cells to impact on both human type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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10
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Gurlo T, Rivera JF, Butler AE, Cory M, Hoang J, Costes S, Butler PC. CHOP Contributes to, But Is Not the Only Mediator of, IAPP Induced β-Cell Apoptosis. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:446-54. [PMID: 26900721 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The islet in type 2 diabetes is characterized by β-cell loss, increased β-cell apoptosis, and islet amyloid derived from islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). When protein misfolding protective mechanisms are overcome, human IAPP (h-IAPP) forms membrane permeant toxic oligomers that induce β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis. In humans with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and mice transgenic for h-IAPP, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been inferred from nuclear translocation of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), an established mediator of ER stress. To establish whether h-IAPP toxicity is mediated by ER stress, we evaluated diabetes onset and β-cell mass in h-IAPP transgenic (h-TG) mice with and without deletion of CHOP in comparison with wild-type controls. Diabetes was delayed in h-TG CHOP(-/-) mice, with relatively preserved β-cell mass and decreased β-cell apoptosis. Deletion of CHOP attenuates dysfunction of the autophagy/lysosomal pathway in β-cells of h-TG mice, uncovering a role for CHOP in mediating h-IAPP-induced dysfunction of autophagy. As deletion of CHOP delayed but did not prevent h-IAPP-induced β-cell loss and diabetes, we examined CHOP-independent stress pathways. JNK, a target of the IRE-1pTRAF2 complex, and the Bcl-2 family proapoptotic mediator BIM, a target of ATF4, were comparably activated by h-IAPP expression in the presence and absence of CHOP. Therefore, although these studies affirm that CHOP is a mediator of h-IAPP-induced ER stress, it is not the only one. Therefore, suppression of CHOP alone is unlikely to be a durable therapeutic strategy to protect against h-IAPP toxicity because multiple stress pathways are activated.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gurlo
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - J F Rivera
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - A E Butler
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - M Cory
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - J Hoang
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - S Costes
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
| | - Peter C Butler
- Larry L. Hillblom Islet Research Center, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-7073
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11
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Westwell-Roper C, Denroche HC, Ehses JA, Verchere CB. Differential Activation of Innate Immune Pathways by Distinct Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP) Aggregates. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:8908-17. [PMID: 26786104 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.712455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) contributes to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes and islet transplantation. Like other amyloidogenic peptides, human IAPP induces macrophage IL-1β secretion by stimulating both the synthesis and processing of proIL-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine that (when chronically elevated) impairs beta cell insulin secretion. We sought to determine the specific mechanism of IAPP-induced proIL-1β synthesis. Soluble IAPP species produced early during IAPP aggregation provided a Toll-like-receptor-2- (TLR2-) dependent stimulus for NF-κB activation in HEK 293 cells and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Non-amyloidogenic rodent IAPP and thioflavin-T-positive fibrillar amyloid produced by human IAPP aggregation failed to activate TLR2. Blockade of TLR6 but not TLR1 prevented hIAPP-induced TLR2 activation, consistent with stimulation of a TLR2/6 heterodimer. TLR2 and its downstream adaptor protein MyD88 were required for IAPP-induced cytokine production by BMDMs, a process that is partially dependent on autoinduction by IL-1. BMDMs treated with soluble but not fibrillar IAPP provided a TLR2-dependent priming stimulus for ATP-induced IL-1β secretion, whereas late IAPP aggregates induced NLRP3-dependent IL-1β secretion by LPS-primed macrophages. Moreover, inhibition of TLR2 and depletion of islet macrophages prevented up-regulation of Il1b and Tnf expression in human IAPP-expressing transgenic mouse islets. These data suggest participation by both soluble and fibrillar aggregates in IAPP-induced islet inflammation. IAPP-induced activation of TLR2 and secretion of IL-1 may be important therapeutic targets to prevent amyloid-associated beta cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather C Denroche
- Surgery, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Jan A Ehses
- Surgery, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - C Bruce Verchere
- From the Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Surgery, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
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12
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Murphy AJ, Kraakman MJ, Kammoun HL, Dragoljevic D, Lee MKS, Lawlor KE, Wentworth JM, Vasanthakumar A, Gerlic M, Whitehead LW, DiRago L, Cengia L, Lane RM, Metcalf D, Vince JE, Harrison LC, Kallies A, Kile BT, Croker BA, Febbraio MA, Masters SL. IL-18 Production from the NLRP1 Inflammasome Prevents Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Cell Metab 2016; 23:155-64. [PMID: 26603191 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is activated by Caspase-1 in inflammasome complexes and has anti-obesity effects; however, it is not known which inflammasome regulates this process. We found that mice lacking the NLRP1 inflammasome phenocopy mice lacking IL-18, with spontaneous obesity due to intrinsic lipid accumulation. This is exacerbated when the mice are fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or a high-protein diet, but not when mice are fed a HFD with low energy density (high fiber). Furthermore, mice with an activating mutation in NLRP1, and hence increased IL-18, have decreased adiposity and are resistant to diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Feeding these mice a HFD further increased plasma IL-18 concentrations and strikingly resulted in loss of adipose tissue mass and fatal cachexia, which could be prevented by genetic deletion of IL-18. Thus, NLRP1 is an innate immune sensor that functions in the context of metabolic stress to produce IL-18, preventing obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Michael J Kraakman
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Helene L Kammoun
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Cellular and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Dragana Dragoljevic
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Man K S Lee
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Kate E Lawlor
- Division of Inflammation, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - John M Wentworth
- Division of Molecular Medicine, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Ajithkumar Vasanthakumar
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Motti Gerlic
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Lachlan W Whitehead
- Division of Systems Biology and Personalised Medicine, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Ladina DiRago
- Division of Cancer and Hematology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Louise Cengia
- Division of Cancer and Hematology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Rachael M Lane
- Division of ACRF Chemical Biology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
| | - Donald Metcalf
- Division of Cancer and Hematology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - James E Vince
- Division of Inflammation, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Leonard C Harrison
- Division of Molecular Medicine, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- Division of Immunology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Division of ACRF Chemical Biology, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Ben A Croker
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Cellular and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia; Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst 2010, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Division of Inflammation, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia.
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13
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Zhao J, Mou Y, Bernstock JD, Klimanis D, Wang S, Spatz M, Maric D, Johnson K, Klinman DM, Li X, Li X, Hallenbeck JM. Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotides Containing Multiple Telemeric TTAGGG Motifs Suppress Inflammasome Activity in Macrophages Subjected to Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation and Reduce Ischemic Brain Injury in Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140772. [PMID: 26473731 PMCID: PMC4608557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays a fundamental role in both the development and pathobiology of stroke. Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that have come to be recognized as critical players in the inflammation that ultimately contributes to stroke severity. Inflammasomes recognize microbial and host-derived danger signals and activate caspase-1, which in turn controls the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. We have shown that A151, a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing multiple telemeric TTAGGG motifs, reduces IL-1β production by activated bone marrow derived macrophages that have been subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and LPS stimulation. Further, we demonstrate that A151 reduces the maturation of caspase-1 and IL-1β, the levels of both the iNOS and NLRP3 proteins, and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential within such cells. In addition, we have demonstrated that A151 reduces ischemic brain damage and NLRP3 mRNA levels in SHR-SP rats that have undergone permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. These findings clearly suggest that the modulation of inflammasome activity via A151 may contribute to a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine production by macrophages subjected to conditions that model brain ischemia and modulate ischemic brain damage in an animal model of stroke. Therefore, modulation of ischemic pathobiology by A151 may have a role in the development of novel stroke prevention and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated with Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, P. R. China
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yongshan Mou
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua D. Bernstock
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dace Klimanis
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sixian Wang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Maria Spatz
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dragan Maric
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kory Johnson
- Information Technology & Bioinformatics Program, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Dennis M. Klinman
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated with Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (JMH); (Xinhui Li); (Xiaohong Li)
| | - Xinhui Li
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JMH); (Xinhui Li); (Xiaohong Li)
| | - John M. Hallenbeck
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JMH); (Xinhui Li); (Xiaohong Li)
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14
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Kim ML, Chae JJ, Park YH, De Nardo D, Stirzaker RA, Ko HJ, Tye H, Cengia L, DiRago L, Metcalf D, Roberts AW, Kastner DL, Lew AM, Lyras D, Kile BT, Croker BA, Masters SL. Aberrant actin depolymerization triggers the pyrin inflammasome and autoinflammatory disease that is dependent on IL-18, not IL-1β. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 2015. [PMID: 26008898 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20142384)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Gain-of-function mutations that activate the innate immune system can cause systemic autoinflammatory diseases associated with increased IL-1β production. This cytokine is activated identically to IL-18 by an intracellular protein complex known as the inflammasome; however, IL-18 has not yet been specifically implicated in the pathogenesis of hereditary autoinflammatory disorders. We have now identified an autoinflammatory disease in mice driven by IL-18, but not IL-1β, resulting from an inactivating mutation of the actin-depolymerizing cofactor Wdr1. This perturbation of actin polymerization leads to systemic autoinflammation that is reduced when IL-18 is deleted but not when IL-1 signaling is removed. Remarkably, inflammasome activation in mature macrophages is unaltered, but IL-18 production from monocytes is greatly exaggerated, and depletion of monocytes in vivo prevents the disease. Small-molecule inhibition of actin polymerization can remove potential danger signals from the system and prevents monocyte IL-18 production. Finally, we show that the inflammasome sensor of actin dynamics in this system requires caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, and the innate immune receptor pyrin. Previously, perturbation of actin polymerization by pathogens was shown to activate the pyrin inflammasome, so our data now extend this guard hypothesis to host-regulated actin-dependent processes and autoinflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Lyang Kim
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jae Jin Chae
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yong Hwan Park
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Roslynn A Stirzaker
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hyun-Ja Ko
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hazel Tye
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Louise Cengia
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ladina DiRago
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Donald Metcalf
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew W Roberts
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel L Kastner
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrew M Lew
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Dena Lyras
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ben A Croker
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Seth L Masters
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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15
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Kim ML, Chae JJ, Park YH, De Nardo D, Stirzaker RA, Ko HJ, Tye H, Cengia L, DiRago L, Metcalf D, Roberts AW, Kastner DL, Lew AM, Lyras D, Kile BT, Croker BA, Masters SL. Aberrant actin depolymerization triggers the pyrin inflammasome and autoinflammatory disease that is dependent on IL-18, not IL-1β. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:927-38. [PMID: 26008898 PMCID: PMC4451132 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20142384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Kim et al. identify an autoinflammatory disease in mice that is driven by IL-18, resulting from an inactivating mutation in the actin-depolymerizing cofactor Wdr1. This alteration in actin dynamics is recognized by the pyrin inflammasome and results in exaggerated monocyte IL-18 production, whereas inflammasome activation in mature macrophages is unaltered. Gain-of-function mutations that activate the innate immune system can cause systemic autoinflammatory diseases associated with increased IL-1β production. This cytokine is activated identically to IL-18 by an intracellular protein complex known as the inflammasome; however, IL-18 has not yet been specifically implicated in the pathogenesis of hereditary autoinflammatory disorders. We have now identified an autoinflammatory disease in mice driven by IL-18, but not IL-1β, resulting from an inactivating mutation of the actin-depolymerizing cofactor Wdr1. This perturbation of actin polymerization leads to systemic autoinflammation that is reduced when IL-18 is deleted but not when IL-1 signaling is removed. Remarkably, inflammasome activation in mature macrophages is unaltered, but IL-18 production from monocytes is greatly exaggerated, and depletion of monocytes in vivo prevents the disease. Small-molecule inhibition of actin polymerization can remove potential danger signals from the system and prevents monocyte IL-18 production. Finally, we show that the inflammasome sensor of actin dynamics in this system requires caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain, and the innate immune receptor pyrin. Previously, perturbation of actin polymerization by pathogens was shown to activate the pyrin inflammasome, so our data now extend this guard hypothesis to host-regulated actin-dependent processes and autoinflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Lyang Kim
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jae Jin Chae
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Yong Hwan Park
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Roslynn A Stirzaker
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hyun-Ja Ko
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Hazel Tye
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Louise Cengia
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Ladina DiRago
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Donald Metcalf
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew W Roberts
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel L Kastner
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Inflammatory Disease Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Andrew M Lew
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Dena Lyras
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ben A Croker
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Seth L Masters
- Division of Inflammation, Division of Cancer and Hematology, Division of Immunology, and ACRF Chemical Biology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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16
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Westwell-Roper CY, Chehroudi CA, Denroche HC, Courtade JA, Ehses JA, Verchere CB. IL-1 mediates amyloid-associated islet dysfunction and inflammation in human islet amyloid polypeptide transgenic mice. Diabetologia 2015; 58:575-85. [PMID: 25491100 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) to form amyloid contributes to beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Human but not non-amyloidogenic rodent IAPP induces islet macrophage proIL-1β synthesis. We evaluated the effect of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) on islet inflammation and dysfunction in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes with amyloid formation. METHODS Lean and obese male mice (A/a or A(vy)/A at the agouti locus, respectively) with or without beta cell human IAPP expression (hIAPP(Tg/0)) were treated with PBS or IL-1Ra (50 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) from 16 weeks of age. Intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed after 8 weeks. Pancreases were harvested for histology and gene expression analysis. RESULTS Aggregation of human IAPP was associated with marked upregulation of proinflammatory gene expression in islets of obese hIAPP(Tg/0) mice, together with amyloid deposition and fasting hyperglycaemia. IL-1Ra improved glucose tolerance and reduced plasma proinsulin:insulin in both lean and obese hIAPP(Tg/0) mice with no effect on insulin sensitivity. The severity and prevalence of islet amyloid was reduced by IL-1Ra in lean hIAPP (Tg/0) mice, suggesting a feed-forward mechanism by which islet inflammation promotes islet amyloid at the early stages of disease. IL-1Ra limited Il1a, Il1b, Tnf and Ccl2 expression in islets from obese hIAPP(Tg/0) mice, suggesting an altered islet inflammatory milieu. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These data provide the first in vivo evidence—using a transgenic mouse model with amyloid deposits resembling those found in human islets—that IAPP-induced beta cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes may be mediated by IL-1. Anti-IL-1 therapies may limit islet inflammation and dysfunction associated with amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Y Westwell-Roper
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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17
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Coll RC, Robertson AAB, Chae JJ, Higgins SC, Muñoz-Planillo R, Inserra MC, Vetter I, Dungan LS, Monks BG, Stutz A, Croker DE, Butler MS, Haneklaus M, Sutton CE, Núñez G, Latz E, Kastner DL, Mills KHG, Masters SL, Schroder K, Cooper MA, O'Neill LAJ. A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nat Med 2015; 21:248-55. [PMID: 25686105 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1759] [Impact Index Per Article: 195.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a component of the inflammatory process, and its aberrant activation is pathogenic in inherited disorders such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) and complex diseases such as multiple sclerosis, type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and atherosclerosis. We describe the development of MCC950, a potent, selective, small-molecule inhibitor of NLRP3. MCC950 blocked canonical and noncanonical NLRP3 activation at nanomolar concentrations. MCC950 specifically inhibited activation of NLRP3 but not the AIM2, NLRC4 or NLRP1 inflammasomes. MCC950 reduced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in vivo and attenuated the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease model of multiple sclerosis. Furthermore, MCC950 treatment rescued neonatal lethality in a mouse model of CAPS and was active in ex vivo samples from individuals with Muckle-Wells syndrome. MCC950 is thus a potential therapeutic for NLRP3-associated syndromes, including autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and a tool for further study of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Coll
- 1] School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. [2] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Avril A B Robertson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jae Jin Chae
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah C Higgins
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Raúl Muñoz-Planillo
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marco C Inserra
- 1] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. [2] School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- 1] Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. [2] School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lara S Dungan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian G Monks
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Stutz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel E Croker
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Moritz Haneklaus
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Caroline E Sutton
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Eicke Latz
- 1] Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospital, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [2] Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. [3] German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel L Kastner
- Inflammatory Disease Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kingston H G Mills
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Seth L Masters
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kate Schroder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Matthew A Cooper
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Luke A J O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Franklin BS, Bossaller L, De Nardo D, Ratter JM, Stutz A, Engels G, Brenker C, Nordhoff M, Mirandola SR, Al-Amoudi A, Mangan M, Zimmer S, Monks B, Fricke M, Schmidt RE, Espevik T, Jones B, Jarnicki AG, Hansbro PM, Busto P, Marshak-Rothstein A, Hornemann S, Aguzzi A, Kastenmüller W, Latz E. The adaptor ASC has extracellular and 'prionoid' activities that propagate inflammation. Nat Immunol 2014; 15:727-37. [PMID: 24952505 PMCID: PMC4116676 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 562] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microbes or danger signals trigger inflammasome sensors, which induce polymerization of the adaptor ASC and the assembly of ASC specks. ASC specks recruit and activate caspase-1, which induces maturation of the cytokine interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and pyroptotic cell death. Here we found that after pyroptosis, ASC specks accumulated in the extracellular space, where they promoted further maturation of IL-1β. In addition, phagocytosis of ASC specks by macrophages induced lysosomal damage and nucleation of soluble ASC, as well as activation of IL-1β in recipient cells. ASC specks appeared in bodily fluids from inflamed tissues, and autoantibodies to ASC specks developed in patients and mice with autoimmune pathologies. Together these findings reveal extracellular functions of ASC specks and a previously unknown form of cell-to-cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo S. Franklin
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lukas Bossaller
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jacqueline M. Ratter
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Stutz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gudrun Engels
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Mark Nordhoff
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ashraf Al-Amoudi
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthew Mangan
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zimmer
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of Bonn, 53105, Bonn, Germany
| | - Brian Monks
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Martin Fricke
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold E. Schmidt
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Terje Espevik
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Bernadette Jones
- The University of Newcastle & Vaccines, Infection, Viruses & Asthma (VIVA), Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Andrew G. Jarnicki
- The University of Newcastle & Vaccines, Infection, Viruses & Asthma (VIVA), Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- The University of Newcastle & Vaccines, Infection, Viruses & Asthma (VIVA), Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Patricia Busto
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Ann Marshak-Rothstein
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Simone Hornemann
- University Hospital Zürich, Institute of Neuropathology, CH–8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- University Hospital Zürich, Institute of Neuropathology, CH–8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Kastenmüller
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eicke Latz
- Institute of Innate Immunity, University Hospitals, University of Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, 53175, Bonn, Germany
- Center of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim 7491, Norway
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19
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Park YJ, Woo M, Kieffer TJ, Hakem R, Safikhan N, Yang F, Ao Z, Warnock GL, Marzban L. The role of caspase-8 in amyloid-induced beta cell death in human and mouse islets. Diabetologia 2014; 57:765-75. [PMID: 24442508 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-3152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Reduced beta cell mass due to increased beta cell apoptosis is a key defect in type 2 diabetes. Islet amyloid, formed by the aggregation of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), contributes to beta cell death in type 2 diabetes and in islet grafts in patients with type 1 diabetes. In this study, we used human islets and hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with beta cell Casp8 deletion to (1) investigate the role of caspase-8 in amyloid-induced beta cell apoptosis and (2) test whether caspase-8 inhibition protects beta cells from amyloid toxicity. METHODS Human islet cells were cultured with hIAPP alone, or with caspase-8, Fas or amyloid inhibitors. Human islets and wild-type or hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with or without caspase-8 expression (generated using a Cre/loxP system) were cultured to form amyloid. Caspase-8 and -3 activation, Fas and FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) expression, islet beta cell and amyloid area, IL-1β levels, and the beta:alpha cell ratio were assessed. RESULTS hIAPP treatment induced activation of caspase-8 and -3 in islet beta cells (via Fas upregulation), resulting in apoptosis, which was markedly reduced by blocking caspase-8, Fas or amyloid. Amyloid formation in cultured human and hIAPP-expressing mouse islets induced caspase-8 activation, which was associated with Fas upregulation and elevated islet IL-1β levels. hIAPP-expressing mouse islets with Casp8 deletion had comparable amyloid, IL-1β and Fas levels with those expressing hIAPP and Casp8, but markedly lower beta cell apoptosis, higher beta:alpha cell ratio, greater beta cell area, and enhanced beta cell function. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Beta cell Fas upregulation by endogenously produced and exogenously applied hIAPP aggregates promotes caspase-8 activation, resulting in beta cell apoptosis. The prevention of amyloid-induced caspase-8 activation enhances beta cell survival and function in islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Jin Park
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Jim Pattison Pavilion, Vancouver General Hospital, 910 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC, Canada, V5Z 4E3
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