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Jin H, Wen G, Zhu J, Liu J, Li J, Yao S, Zhao Z, Dong Z, Zhang X, An J, Liu X, Tuo B. Pantoprazole suppresses carcinogenesis and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting glycolysis and Na +/H + exchange. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22198. [PMID: 38764200 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers. The prevention and therapy for this deadly disease remain a global medical challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of pantoprazole (PPZ) on the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC. Both diethylnitrosamine (DEN) plus CCl4-induced and DEN plus high fat diet (HFD)-induced HCC models in mice were established. Cytokines and cell proliferation-associated gene in the liver tissues of mice and HCC cells were analyzed. Cellular glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange activity were measured. The preventive administration of pantoprazole (PPZ) at a clinically relevant low dose markedly suppressed HCC carcinogenesis in both DEN plus CCl4-induced and HFD-induced murine HCC models, whereas the therapeutic administration of PPZ at the dose suppressed the growth of HCC. In the liver tissues of PPZ-treated mice, inflammatory cytokines, IL1, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL5, CCL6, CCL7, CCL20, and CCL22, were reduced. The administration of CXCL1, CXCL5, CCL2, or CCL20 all reversed PPZ-suppressed DEN plus CCL4-induced HCC carcinogenesis in mice. PPZ inhibited the expressions of CCNA2, CCNB2, CCNE2, CDC25C, CDCA5, CDK1, CDK2, TOP2A, TTK, AURKA, and BIRC5 in HCC cells. Further results showed that PPZ reduced the production of these inflammatory cytokines and the expression of these cell proliferation-associated genes through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange. In conclusion, PPZ suppresses the carcinogenesis and growth of HCC, which is related to inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of cell proliferation-associated genes in the liver through the inhibition of glycolysis and Na+/H+ exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guorong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jielong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingguo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhenglan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiqi Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Fisher JL, Wilk EJ, Oza VH, Gary SE, Howton TC, Flanary VL, Clark AD, Hjelmeland AB, Lasseigne BN. Signature reversion of three disease-associated gene signatures prioritizes cancer drug repurposing candidates. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:803-830. [PMID: 38531616 PMCID: PMC11073506 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing is promising because approving a drug for a new indication requires fewer resources than approving a new drug. Signature reversion detects drug perturbations most inversely related to the disease-associated gene signature to identify drugs that may reverse that signature. We assessed the performance and biological relevance of three approaches for constructing disease-associated gene signatures (i.e., limma, DESeq2, and MultiPLIER) and prioritized the resulting drug repurposing candidates for four low-survival human cancers. Our results were enriched for candidates that had been used in clinical trials or performed well in the PRISM drug screen. Additionally, we found that pamidronate and nimodipine, drugs predicted to be efficacious against the brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM), inhibited the growth of a GBM cell line and cells isolated from a patient-derived xenograft (PDX). Our results demonstrate that by applying multiple disease-associated gene signature methods, we prioritized several drug repurposing candidates for low-survival cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Fisher
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Elizabeth J. Wilk
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Vishal H. Oza
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Sam E. Gary
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Timothy C. Howton
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Victoria L. Flanary
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Amanda D. Clark
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Brittany N. Lasseigne
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of MedicineThe University of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
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3
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Ma Y, Lv H, Xing F, Xiang W, Wu Z, Feng Q, Wang H, Yang W. Cancer stem cell-immune cell crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment for liver cancer progression. Front Med 2024:10.1007/s11684-023-1049-z. [PMID: 38600350 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1049-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Crosstalk between cancer cells and the immune microenvironment is determinant for liver cancer progression. A tumor subpopulation called liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) significantly accounts for the initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance, and recurrence of liver cancer. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the interaction between liver CSCs and immune cells plays a crucial role in shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment and determining immunotherapy responses. This review sheds light on the bidirectional crosstalk between liver CSCs and immune cells for liver cancer progression, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms after presenting an overview of liver CSCs characteristic and their microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the potential application of liver CSCs-targeted immunotherapy for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Hongwei Lv
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Fuxue Xing
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Zixin Wu
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Qiyu Feng
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China.
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepato-biliary Tumor Biology, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Wen Yang
- Cancer Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 201805, China.
- International Co-operation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepato-biliary Tumor Biology, Shanghai, 200438, China.
- Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Sadagopan N, He AR. Recent Progress in Systemic Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1259. [PMID: 38279258 PMCID: PMC10816205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have several systemic treatment options. There are many known risk factors for HCC, and although some, such as hepatitis C, are now treatable, others are not. For example, metabolic dysfunction-related chronic liver disease is increasing in incidence and has no specific treatment. Underlying liver disease, drug resistance, and an increasing number of treatment options without specific biomarkers are all challenges in selecting the best treatment for each patient. Conventional chemotherapy is almost never used for advanced-stage disease, which instead is treated with immunotherapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and VEGF inhibitors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting various receptors have been or are currently undergoing clinical evaluation. Ongoing trials with three-drug regimens may be the future of advanced-stage HCC treatment. Other immune-modulatory approaches of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells, bispecific antibodies, cytokine-induced killer cells, natural killer cells, and vaccines are in early-stage clinical trials. Targeted therapies remain limited for HCC but represent an area of potential growth. As we shift away from first-line sorafenib for advanced HCC, clinical trial control arms should comprise a standard treatment other than sorafenib, one that is a better comparator for advancing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Sadagopan
- MedStar Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
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Morkunas E, Vaitkeviciute E, Varkalaite G, Pilvinis V, Skieceviciene J, Kupcinskas J. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of IL-10, FABP2 and LPS Levels in HCC Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2191. [PMID: 38138294 PMCID: PMC10744942 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still lacks valuable diagnostic and prognostic tools. This study aimed to investigate the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of baseline interleukin (IL)-10, fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in patients with HCC. Serum levels of IL-10, FABP2 and LPS in 47 newly diagnosed HCC patients and 50 healthy individuals were estimated and compared. The best cut-off points for baseline IL-10, FABP2 and LPS levels predicting overall survival (OS) were evaluated. Both levels of FABP2 and IL-10 were significantly higher in HCC patients vs. control group (median 2095 vs. 1772 pg/mL, p = 0.026; 9.94 vs. 4.89 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and may serve as potential biomarkers in complex HCC diagnostic tools. The cut-off value of 2479 pg/mL for FABP2 was determined to have the highest sensitivity (66.7%) and specificity (55.6%) to distinguish patients with a median OS longer than 17 months. However, the median OS of patients with high and low levels of FABP2 were not significantly different (p = 0.896). The prognostic value of LPS as well as FABP2 and IL-10 for HCC patients appears to be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egidijus Morkunas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Evelina Vaitkeviciute
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.V.)
| | - Greta Varkalaite
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.V.)
| | - Vidas Pilvinis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Skieceviciene
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.V.)
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Institute for Digestive Research, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (E.V.)
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Nayan SI, Rahman MH, Hasan MM, Raj SMRH, Almoyad MAA, Liò P, Moni MA. Network based approach to identify interactions between Type 2 diabetes and cancer comorbidities. Life Sci 2023; 335:122244. [PMID: 37949208 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
High blood sugar and insulin insensitivity causes the lifelong chronic metabolic disease called Type 2 diabetes (T2D) which has a higher chance of developing different malignancies. T2D with comorbidities like Cancers can make normal medications for those disorders more difficult. There may be a significant correlation between comorbidities and have an impact on one another's health. These associations may be due to a number of direct and indirect mechanisms. Such molecular mechanisms that underpin T2D and cancer are yet unknown. However, the large volumes of data available on these diseases allowed us to use analytical tools for uncovering their interrelated pathways. Here, we tried to present a system for investigating potential comorbidity relationships between T2D and Cancer disease by looking at the molecular processes involved, analyzing a huge number of freely accessible transcriptomic datasets of various disorders using bioinformatics. Using semantic similarity and gene set enrichment analysis, we created an informatics pipeline that evaluates and integrates Gene Ontology (GO), expression of genes, and biological process data. We discovered genes that are common in T2D and Cancer along with molecular pathways and GOs. We compared the top 200 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) from each selected T2D and cancer dataset and found the most significant common genes. Among all the common genes 13 genes were found most frequent. We also found 4 common GO terms: GO:0000003, GO:0000122, GO:0000165, and GO:0000278 among all the common GO terms between T2d and different cancers. Using these genes and GO term semantic similarity, we calculated the distance between these two diseases. The semantic similarity results of our study showed a higher association of Liver Cancer (LiC), Breast Cancer (BreC), Colorectal Cancer (CC), and Bladder Cancer (BlaC) with T2D. Furthermore we found KIF4A, NUSAP1, CENPF, CCNB1, TOP2A, CCNB2, RRM2, HMMR, NDC80, NCAPG, and IGFBP5 common hub proteins among different cancers correlated to T2D. AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Osteoclast differentiation, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the 8 most significant pathways found among 18 common pathways between T2D and selected cancers. As a result of our technique, we now know more about disease pathways that are critical between T2D and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidul Islam Nayan
- Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Global Village, Barisal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Research, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Global Village, Barisal 8200, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushyt, King Khalid University, 47 Abha, Mushait, PO Box. 4536, 61412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pietro Liò
- Computer Laboratory, The University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Futures Institute, Charles Stuart University, Bathurst, NSW, 2795, Australia.
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Liang Y, Yang R, Shang J, Zhong D, Yang Q, Su Y, Shi Y, Huang X. Lung immune prognostic index‑based nomogram for recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after postoperative adjuvant TACE. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16461-16471. [PMID: 37707573 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), one of the most commonly used postoperative adjuvant therapy for HCC, has achieved satisfactory outcomes. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of lung immune prognostic index (LIPI) and develop a novel nomogram for recurrence-free survival (RFS) of HCC patients received postoperative adjuvant TACE (PA-TACE). METHODS The prognostic value of LIPI was evaluated by C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival curve. An effective nomogram based on preoperative prognostic factors was established from multivariate analysis and validated in the validation cohort. RESULTS The ROC and survival analysis demonstrated that the LIPI exhibited better prediction performance of HCC recurrence than other inflammatory biomarkers. According to univariate and multivariate analysis, LIPI, followed by AFP, MVI and age, were significant independent predictors for HCC recurrence and were utilized to construct the nomogram. The C-indexes of the nomogram were 0.746 (95% CI 0.721-0.770) and 0.738 (95% CI 0.701-0.775) in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The AUCs for the 1-, 2-, and 3-year RFS were 0.799, 0.867 and 0.884 in the training cohort and 0.798, 0.779 and 0.770 in the validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curves presented good consistencies. Moreover, compared with the LIPI and other clinical staging system, the established nomogram presented better prognostic performance. CONCLUSION Preoperative LIPI might be a powerful predictor for RFS in HCC patients received PA-TACE. The LIPI-based nomogram could further effectively predict the risk of recurrence and help clinicians formulate personalized follow-up strategies and adjuvant therapy to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Liang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruoyi Yang
- School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyuan Zhong
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinyan Yang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhao Su
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaolun Huang
- Liver Transplantation Center and HBP Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Saeed RA, Maqsood M, Saeed RA, Muzammil HS, Khan MI, Asghar L, Nisa SU, Rabail R, Aadil RM. Plant-based foods and hepatocellular carcinoma: A review on mechanistic understanding. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11750-11783. [PMID: 35796706 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2095974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of etiology, hepatocarcinogenesis is frequently preceded by a distinctive sequence of chronic necroinflammation, compensatory hepatic regeneration, development of hepatic fibrosis, and ultimately cirrhosis. The liver being central immunomodulators, closely maintains immunotolerance. Any dysregulation in this management of immunotolerance is a hallmark of chronic hepatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Apart from other malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 90% of liver cancers. Several emerging evidences have recognized diet as lifestyle associated risk factor in HCC development. However, natural compounds have the potential to fight hepatoma aggressiveness via inhibition of cellular proliferation and modulation of oncogenic pathways. This review aimed to identify the several plant-based foods for their protective role in HCC prevention by understating the molecular mechanisms involved in inhibition of progression and proliferation of cancer. Information from relevant publications in which several plant-based foods demonstrated protective potential against HCC has been integrated as well as evaluated. For data integration, Science direct, Google scholar, and Scopus websites were used. Nutrition-based approaches in the deterrence of several cancers offer a substantial benefit to currently used medical therapies and should be implemented more often as an adjunct to first-line medical therapy. Furthermore, the inclusion of these plant-based foods (vegetables, fruits, herbs, and spices) may improve general health and decline cancer incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raakia Anam Saeed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Maqsood
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Raafia Anam Saeed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Shehzad Muzammil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Issa Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Asghar
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Un Nisa
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Roshina Rabail
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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9
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Lam KH, Ma S. Noncellular components in the liver cancer stem cell niche: Biology and potential clinical implications. Hepatology 2023; 78:991-1005. [PMID: 35727189 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are now recognized as one of the major root causes of therapy failure and tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early studies in the field focused primarily on the intrinsic regulators of CSC maintenance, but in recent years, mounting evidence has demonstrated the presence and role of extrinsic regulators in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in the control of liver CSCs. In addition to direct interaction with cellular components, noncellular components, including the extracellular matrix, hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and secreted molecules within the tumor stroma and hepatitis viruses, also play a critical role in shaping the CSC niche. In this review, we highlight how various noncellular components in the TME play a role in regulating CSCs and how CSCs secrete components to interact with the TME to generate their own niche, working hand in hand to drive tumor physiology in HCC. In addition, we describe the potential clinical applications of these findings and propose perspectives on future research of noncellular components in the liver CSC niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Hei Lam
- School of Biomedical Sciences , Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Stephanie Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences , Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , Hong Kong
- The University of Hong Kong , Shenzhen Hospital , Hong Kong , Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Liver Research , The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong , Hong Kong
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10
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Liang Q, Liu S, Yin F, Liu M, Wang L, Guo E, Lei L, Wu L, Yang Y, Zhang D, Zeng X. Low expression of GOT2 promotes tumor progress and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomark Med 2023; 17:755-765. [PMID: 38095985 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: To explore the biological function and the underlying mechanisms of GOT2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials & methods: The expression level and prognostic value of GOT2 were examined using International Cancer Genome Consortium and International Cancer Proteogenome Consortium databases. The cell counting kit-8 method, clone formation, Transwell® assays and western blotting were used to evaluate the effects of GOT2 on the biological function and autophagy of HCC cells. Results: The expression of GOT2 was downregulated in HCC tissues and correlated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. Knockdown of GOT2 promoted proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells and promoted cells' proliferation by inducing autophagy. Conclusion: GOT2 plays a tumor-inhibitory role in HCC and may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Liang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
- Nanning Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, 530002, China
| | - Shun Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Fuqiang Yin
- Life Sciences Institute Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Meiliang Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Erna Guo
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
- School of International Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Liuyu Wu
- Department of Hospital Infection Control, Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545026, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Scientific Research, Jiangbin Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zeng
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
- Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
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11
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Luo N, Li H, Luo Y, Hu P, Liang L, Zhang R, Zhang D, Cai D, Kang J. Prognostic significance of psoas muscle index in male hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2258567. [PMID: 37728115 PMCID: PMC10512869 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2258567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the relationship between nutritional indices and the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the prognostic value of psoas muscle index (PMI), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), body mass index (BMI), and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) in HCC patients treated with ICIs combined with TKIs. A total of 124 male patients with HCC were included in this study. PNI, PMI, BMI, and GNRI were calculated at the beginning of treatment. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the effect of various variables. In the univariate analysis, PMI, PNI, GNRI, and ALB were found to impact the outcomes of the patients at different follow-up times. However, the predictive value of these nutritional indices was eliminated when established risk factors were considered. In the multivariate analysis that only included nutrition-related indicators, PMI emerged as an independent prognostic factor for 1-year treatment outcomes. The group with low PMI (≤5.5409 cm2/m2) was found to have a higher risk of death at one year and at the end of the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yindeng Luo
- Department of Radiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Luwen Liang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dazhi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dachuan Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Kang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Ming Z, Tang X, Liu J, Ruan B. Advancements in Research on Constructing Physiological and Pathological Liver Models and Their Applications Utilizing Bioprinting Technology. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093683. [PMID: 37175094 PMCID: PMC10180184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, significant progress has been made in liver tissue engineering through the use of 3D bioprinting technology. This technology offers the ability to create personalized biological structures with precise geometric design capabilities. The complex and multifaceted nature of liver diseases underscores the need for advanced technologies to accurately mimic the physiological and mechanical characteristics, as well as organ-level functions, of liver tissue in vitro. Bioprinting stands out as a superior option over traditional two-dimensional cell culture models and animal models due to its stronger biomimetic advantages. Through the use of bioprinting, it is possible to create liver tissue with a level of structural and functional complexity that more closely resembles the real organ, allowing for more accurate disease modeling and drug testing. As a result, it is a promising tool for restoring and replacing damaged tissue and organs in the field of liver tissue engineering and drug research. This article aims to present a comprehensive overview of the progress made in liver tissue engineering using bioprinting technology to provide valuable insights for researchers. The paper provides a detailed account of the history of liver tissue engineering, highlights the current 3D bioprinting methods and bioinks that are widely used, and accentuates the importance of existing in vitro liver tissue models based on 3D bioprinting and their biomedical applications. Additionally, the article explores the challenges faced by 3D bioprinting and predicts future trends in the field. The progress of 3D bioprinting technology is poised to bring new approaches to printing liver tissue in vitro, while offering powerful tools for drug development, testing, liver disease modeling, transplantation, and regeneration, which hold great academic and practical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibei Ming
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xinyu Tang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Banfeng Ruan
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China
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13
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Wen Q, Liu T, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Zheng R, Li L, Chen R, Wang S. Self-Reported Primary Cooking Fuels Use and Risk of Chronic Digestive Diseases: A Prospective Cohort Study of 0.5 Million Chinese Adults. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47002. [PMID: 37011136 PMCID: PMC10069757 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution (HAP) from inefficient combustion of solid fuels is a major health concern worldwide. However, prospective evidence on the health impacts of solid cooking fuels and risks of chronic digestive diseases remains scarce. OBJECTIVES We explored the effects of self-reported primary cooking fuels on the incidence of chronic digestive diseases. METHODS The China Kadoorie Biobank recruited 512,726 participants 30-79 years of age from 10 regions across China. Information on primary cooking fuels at the current and previous two residences was collected via self-reporting at baseline. Incidence of chronic digestive diseases was identified through electronic linkage and active follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of self-reported long-term cooking fuel patterns and weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use with chronic digestive diseases incidence. Linear trend was tested by assigning the medians of weighted duration in each group and then taking those as continuous variables in the models. Subgroup analyses were undertaken across the baseline characteristics of participants. RESULTS During 9.1±1.6 y of follow-up, 16,810 new cases of chronic digestive diseases were documented, among which 6,460 were diagnosed as cancers. Compared with long-term cleaner fuel use, self-reported long-term use of solid cooking fuels (i.e., coal, wood) was associated with elevated risks of chronic digestive diseases (HR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.13), including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (HR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.87), hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis (HR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.73), cholecystitis (HR=1.19; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.32), and peptic ulcers (HR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.33). The longer the weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use, the higher the risks of chronic digestive diseases, hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis, peptic ulcers, and esophageal cancer (pTrend<0.05). The aforementioned associations were modified by sex and body mass index (BMI). Positive associations of always solid cooking fuel use with chronic digestive disease, hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis, NAFLD, and cholecystitis were observed among women but not men. The longer the weighted duration of self-reported solid cooking fuel use, the higher the risk of NAFLD among those with a BMI ≥28 kg/m2. DISCUSSION Long-term self-reported solid cooking fuels use was associated with higher risks of chronic digestive diseases. The positive association of HAP from solid cooking fuels with chronic digestive diseases indicates for an imminent promotion of cleaner fuels as public health interventions. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaorui Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Tanxin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuelin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yunjing Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Rongshou Zheng
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Chen
- National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shengfeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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14
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Alhawsawi SM, Mohany M, Baabbad AA, Almoutiri ND, Maodaa SN, Al-Shaebi EM, Yaseen KN, Wadaan MAM, Hozzein WN. Streptomyces Bioactive Metabolites Prevent Liver Cancer through Apoptosis, Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers in Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041054. [PMID: 37189672 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A safe and effective treatment for liver cancer is still elusive despite all attempts. Biomolecules produced from natural products and their derivatives are potential sources of new anticancer medications. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of a Streptomyces sp. bacterial extract against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced liver cancer in Swiss albino mice and explore the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. The ethyl acetate extract of a Streptomyces sp. was screened for its potential anticancer activities against HepG-2 using the MTT assay, and the IC50 was also determined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis was used to identify the chemical constituents of the Streptomyces extract. Mice were administered DEN at the age of 2 weeks, and from week 32 until week 36 (4 weeks), they received two doses of Streptomyces extract (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) orally daily. The Streptomyces extract contains 29 different compounds, according to the GC-MS analysis. The rate of HepG-2 growth was dramatically reduced by the Streptomyces extract. In the mice model. Streptomyces extract considerably lessened the negative effects of DEN on liver functions at both doses. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were significantly (p < 0.001) decreased, and P53 mRNA expression was increased, both of which were signs that Streptomyces extract was suppressing carcinogenesis. This anticancer effect was also supported by histological analysis. Streptomyces extract therapy additionally stopped DEN-induced alterations in hepatic oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant activity. Additionally, Streptomyces extract reduced DEN-induced inflammation, as shown by the decline in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Additionally, the Streptomyces extract administration dramatically boosted Bax and caspase-3 levels while decreasing Bcl-2 expressions in the liver according to the Immunohistochemistry examination. In summary, Streptomyces extract is reported here as a potent chemopreventive agent against hepatocellular carcinoma through multiple mechanisms, including inhibiting oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana M Alhawsawi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohannad A Baabbad
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf D Almoutiri
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh N Maodaa
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esam M Al-Shaebi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah N Yaseen
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A M Wadaan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Abstract
Significance: Liver disease is one of the biggest threats to public health, affecting as much as 5.5 million people worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various acute and chronic liver diseases. Mitophagy, a selective form of autophagy for damaged/excessive mitochondria, plays a key role either in the pathogenesis or in maintaining hepatic homeostasis in response to various liver diseases. Recent Advances: Significant progress has been achieved to ascertain the causes of liver disease. The conserved pathways for mitochondrial degradation via mitophagy, the deregulation of mitophagy in liver diseases, and pharmacological or genetic maneuvers that alter the mitophagic flux for liver disease treatment have been widely studied but yet to be comprehensively reviewed. Critical Issues: Liver disease is considered a leading cause of mortality globally, causing the heavy burden of disability and the increased health care utilization that needs to be settled urgently. Mitophagy plays an important role in protecting liver from tissue damage to maintain hepatic homeostasis or in pathogenesis of liver disease. Elaborating mitophagy implicated in the pathogenesis of liver disease, as well as potential therapeutic regimens by targeting mitophagy is of great significance for the understanding and treatment of liver disease. Future Directions: This review comprehensively describes the distinct mitophagy signaling pathways and their interplay with various liver diseases. Given that mitophagy affects a wide array of physiological processes, a deeper understanding of how to modulate mitophagy could provide innovative avenues for precise therapy. Future studies based on pharmacologically or genetically targeting mitophagy-relevant factors will uncover the links between intact mitophagic responses and hepatic homeostasis in physiological and pathological settings. This will allow us to overcome obstacles of applying mitophagy as the therapeutic target in the clinic. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 38, 529-549.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunling Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Lee CH, Shen CH, Yen CL, Yen TH, Hsieh SY. Discontinuing Hepatitis Activity Reduced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Primary Curative Therapy. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030397. [PMID: 36983579 PMCID: PMC10052208 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tends to recur after curative treatment. This study aimed to identify the clinical factors associated with HCC recurrence after initial curative therapy. Methods: We retrospectively included patients with early stage HCC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages 0 and A who received curative surgical resection or local ablation at three different Chang Gung Memorial Hospitals in Taiwan (527 patients from Linkou, 150 patients from Keelung, and 127 patients from Chiayi) from 2000 to 2009. Pretreatment clinical data were subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic analyses to identify the risk factors for HCC recurrence within five years after the primary curative treatment. Recurrence and survival rates were assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Results: Patients with a history of nucleoside analog or peg-interferon treatment for hepatitis B or hepatitis C infection had lower HCC recurrence rates than did those without such treatment. By contrast, alcohol drinking habits (p = 0.0049, hazard ratio (HR): 1.508, 95%CI: 1.133–2.009), a platelet count of < 14 × 104/μL (p = 0.003, HR: 1.533, 95%CI: 1.155–2.035), and a serum alanine aminotransferase level > 40 U/L (p = 0.0450, HR: 1.305, 95%CI: 1.006–1.694) were independent risk factors for HCC recurrence. The five-year HCC recurrence rates did not differ between patients who received either local radiofrequency ablation or surgical resection at BCLC stages 0 and A. Conclusions: Factors contributing to persistent hepatitis activity and advanced fibrosis precipitate tumor recurrence. Active intervention to discontinue liver injury or hepatitis could reduce HCC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chern-Horng Lee
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Heng Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Cho-Li Yen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Yung Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +886-9753-68031
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17
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Wang Y, Ma L, Xue P, Qin B, Wang T, Li B, Wu L, Zhao L, Liu X. Construction and Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prognostic Model Based on Random Forest. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:6707698. [PMID: 36685007 PMCID: PMC9851787 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6707698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods Transcriptome data and clinical data of HCC were downloaded from the TCGA database. Screen important genes based on the random forest method, combined with differential expression genes (DEGs) to screen out important DEGs. The Kaplan‒Meier curve was used to evaluate its prognostic significance. Cox regression analysis was used to construct a survival prognosis prediction model, and the ROC curve was used to verify it. Finally, the mechanism of action was explored through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment and GeneMANIA coexpression analyses. Results Seven important DEGs were identified, three were highly expressed and four were lowly expressed. Among them, GPRIN1, MYBL2, and GSTM5 were closely related to prognosis (P < 0.05). After the survival prognosis prediction model was established, the survival analysis showed that the survival time of the high-risk group was significantly shortened (P < 0.001), but the ROC analysis indicated that the model was not superior to staging. Twenty coexpressed genes were screened, and enrichment analysis indicated that glutathione metabolism was an important mechanism for these genes to regulate HCC progression. Conclusion This study revealed the important DEGs affecting HCC progression and provided references for clinical assessment of patient prognosis and exploration of HCC progression mechanisms through the construction of predictive models and gene enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
| | - Pengjun Xue
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bianni Qin
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lina Wu
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liyan Zhao
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiongtao Liu
- Department of Operating Room, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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18
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Jianpiyiqi decoction inhibits proliferation and invasion by suppressing the Caspase-1/IRAKs/NF-κB signalling pathway in hepatoma Huh-7 cells. Eur J Integr Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2023.102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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An Elevated Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Liver Cancer after Interventional Treatments. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6141317. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6141317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at examining the prognostic value of blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Demographic and clinical data of 543 HCC patients treated with interventional therapies were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative NLRs were determined and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for survival time in patients with high (NLR ≥3.8) and low (NLR<3.8) NLR. The median overall survival (OS) was 1241 days after interventional therapies and was significantly reduced in the high NLR group when compared to the low NLR group. The median progression-free survival time (PFST) of patients was also significantly shorter in the high NLR group than in the low NLR group. Univariate analysis revealed that tumor type, therapy method, maximum tumor size (>3 mm), and NLR (>3.8) were risk factors for OST and PFST (
). Multivariate analysis indicated that tumor type, maximum tumor diameter, therapy method, and NLR (>3.8) were independent risk factors for PFST (
). Our results demonstrate that preoperative NLR has prognostic value for patients with HCC undergoing interventional therapies, and high NLR is an indication of poor prognosis.
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20
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Kahraman DC, Bilget Guven E, Aytac PS, Aykut G, Tozkoparan B, Cetin Atalay R. A new triazolothiadiazine derivative inhibits stemness and induces cell death in HCC by oxidative stress dependent JNK pathway activation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15139. [PMID: 36071119 PMCID: PMC9452548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer, and resistant to both conventional and targeted chemotherapy. Recently, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to decrease the incidence and mortality of different types of cancers. Here, we investigated the cellular bioactivities of a series of triazolothiadiazine derivatives on HCC, which have been previously reported as potent analgesic/anti-inflammatory compounds. From the initially tested 32 triazolothiadiazine NSAID derivatives, 3 compounds were selected based on their IC50 values for further molecular assays on 9 different HCC cell lines. 7b, which was the most potent compound, induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HCC cells. Cell death was due to oxidative stress-induced JNK protein activation, which involved the dynamic involvement of ASK1, MKK7, and c-Jun proteins. Moreover, 7b treated nude mice had a significantly decreased tumor volume and prolonged disease-free survival. 7b also inhibited the migration of HCC cells and enrichment of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) alone or in combination with sorafenib. With its ability to act on proliferation, stemness and the migration of HCC cells, 7b can be considered for the therapeutics of HCC, which has an increased incidence rate of ~ 3% annually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Cansen Kahraman
- Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory, Graduate School of Informatics, METU, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Bilget Guven
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Kadir Has University, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Peri S Aytac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Aykut
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Birsen Tozkoparan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rengul Cetin Atalay
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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Chen SH, Wang X. A high preoperative serum IL-25 level is a negative prognosis predictor after liver resection for HBV-HCC. Front Oncol 2022; 12:858151. [PMID: 36119529 PMCID: PMC9478489 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between preoperative IL-25 levels and HBV-HCC patient outcomes following liver surgery. Methods This study enrolled consecutive HCC patients that had undergone liver surgery from 2008 to 2015. Baseline patient clinical properties were assessed to establish predictors of postoperative overall survival and recurrence-free survival (OS and RFS, respectively) following liver resection. In addition, serum IL-25 levels were assessed via ELISA. Results Cox regression analyses revealed IL-25 levels to be independently related to the OS and RFS of 896 HBV-associated HCC patients. An optimal IL-25 cutoff level of 14.9 μg/ml was identified, with 206 patients in this cohort having IL-25 levels above this threshold. Both the OS and RFS of patients with an IL-25 level <14.9 μg/ml were significantly better after liver resection as compared to those of patients with higher preoperative levels of this cytokine (p < 0.05). Cox multivariate regression analyses revealed an IL-25 level ≥ 14.9 μg/L to be an independent predictor of poorer RFS and OS. A combination of IL-25 levels and tumor diameter may be an even more reliable predictor of OS. Conclusions IL-25 levels are independent predictors of postoperative survival within HCC patients undergoing liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-hua Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, 900TH Hospital of Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Outpatient Department, Meng chao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xu Wang,
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22
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Das M, Webster NJG. Obesity, cancer risk, and time-restricted eating. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:697-717. [PMID: 35984550 PMCID: PMC9470651 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10061-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and the associated metabolic syndrome is considered a pandemic whose prevalence is steadily increasing in many countries worldwide. It is a complex, dynamic, and multifactorial disorder that presages the development of several metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases, and increases the risk of cancer. In patients with newly diagnosed cancer, obesity worsens prognosis, increasing the risk of recurrence and decreasing survival. The multiple negative effects of obesity on cancer outcomes are substantial, and of great clinical importance. Strategies for weight control have potential utility for both prevention efforts and enhancing cancer outcomes. Presently, time-restricted eating (TRE) is a popular dietary intervention that involves limiting the consumption of calories to a specific window of time without any proscribed caloric restriction or alteration in dietary composition. As such, TRE is a sustainable long-term behavioral modification, when compared to other dietary interventions, and has shown many health benefits in animals and humans. The preliminary data regarding the effects of time-restricted feeding on cancer development and growth in animal models are promising but studies in humans are lacking. Interestingly, several short-term randomized clinical trials of TRE have shown favorable effects to reduce cancer risk factors; however, long-term trials of TRE have yet to investigate reductions in cancer incidence or outcomes in the general population. Few studies have been conducted in cancer populations, but a number are underway to examine the effect of TRE on cancer biology and recurrence. Given the simplicity, feasibility, and favorable metabolic improvements elicited by TRE in obese men and women, TRE may be useful in obese cancer patients and cancer survivors; however, the clinical implementation of TRE in the cancer setting will require greater in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Das
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J G Webster
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA. .,Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA.
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23
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Zajkowska M, Mroczko B. Chemokines in Primary Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168846. [PMID: 36012108 PMCID: PMC9408270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is responsible for extremely important functions in the human body. In the liver’s structure, we distinguish between connective tissue (stroma) and parenchyma, the latter of which is formed from the basic structural and functional units of the liver—hepatocytes. There are many factors, that negatively affect the liver cells, contributing to their damage. This may lead to fibrosis, liver failure and, in consequence, primary liver cancer, which is the sixth most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Chemokines are a large family of secreted proteins. Their main role is to direct the recruitment and migration of cells to sites of inflammation or injury. Some authors suggest that these proteins might play a potential role in the development of many malignancies, including primary liver cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate and summarize the knowledge regarding liver diseases, especially primary liver cancer (HCC) and the participation of chemokines in the development of this malignancy. Chemokines involved in the initiation of this type of tumor belong mainly to the CC and CXC chemokines. Their significant role in the course of hepatocellular carcinoma proves their usefulness in detecting and monitoring the course and treatment in patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zajkowska
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-686-5168; Fax: +48-686-5169
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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24
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Comprehensive Analysis on the Specific Role and Function of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Protein MPV17 in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Genet Res (Camb) 2022; 2022:7236823. [PMID: 35919033 PMCID: PMC9325347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7236823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is the predominant type of liver cancer, and its treatment still faces great challenges presently. Mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 is reported to be involved in multiple biological activities of cancers. Here, we seek to investigate the specific role and functions of MPV17 in LIHC progression. Methods Firstly, MPV17 expressions in various tumors and corresponding normal samples and LIHC groups with various clinical features were analyzed, respectively. Next, the relationship between MPV17 expression and LIHC survival was analyzed and verified by AUC curves. Besides, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for LIHC were screened from TCGA and then analyzed by GO and KEGG. Then, MPV17 was analyzed by prognostic model, Cox analysis, predictive nomogram, pathway correlation, and immunoassay. Finally, the functions of MPV17 were determined by CCK-8 and Tranwell assays. Results In most tumors, MPV17 expression was higher than that in the normal group, and it was related to LIHC clinical features. In the LIHC survival analysis, highly expressed MPV17 was associated with a poor prognosis. Besides, 314 upregulated and 193 downregulated DEGs are mainly involved in the TNF signaling pathway and tyrosine metabolism. Through prognostic model, Cox analysis, and predictive nomogram, MPV17 had the prognostic value for LIHC. Gene-pathway correlation analysis showed that MPV17 had the strongest correlation with the G2M_checkpoint pathway. In an immunoassay, MPV17 had a strong correlation with many immune cells. Functional assays showed that MPV17 reduction in LIHC cells could inhibit cell invasion, migration, and proliferation. Conclusion MPV17, as a tumor promoter, could be a new biomarker for LIHC diagnosis and prognosis and probably shed new light on the exploration of LIHC therapies.
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25
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Cancer-inducing niche: the force of chronic inflammation. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:193-201. [PMID: 35292758 PMCID: PMC9296522 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of cancer tissue is thought to be considered driven by a small subpopulation of cells, so-called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs are located at the apex of a hierarchy in a cancer tissue with self-renewal, differentiation and tumorigenic potential that produce the progeny in the tissue. Although CSCs are generally believed to play a critical role in the growth, metastasis, and recurrence of cancers, the origin of CSCs remains to be reconsidered. We hypothesise that, chronic diseases, including obesity and diabetes, establish the cancer-inducing niche (CIN) that drives the undifferentiated/progenitor cells into CSCs, which then develop malignant tumours in vivo. In this context, a CIN could be traced to chronic inflammation that involves long-lasting tissue damage and repair after being exposed to factors such as cytokines and growth factors. This must be distinguished from the cancer microenvironment, which is responsible for cancer maintenance. The concept of a CIN is most important for cancer prevention as well as cancer therapy.
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26
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Pan F, Lin X, Hao L, Wang T, Song H, Wang R. The Critical Role of Ferroptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:882571. [PMID: 35800895 PMCID: PMC9255949 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.882571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the sixth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third dominant cause of cancer death worldwide. Ferroptosis is characterized as an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, with accumulation of lipid peroxides to lethal amounts. Evidences have showed that ferroptosis is closely associated with HCC, but the mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this review, we mainly summarize the roles of several typical molecules as well as radiotherapy in regulating the ferroptosis process in HCC. Chances are that this review may help address specific issues in the treatment of HCC.
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27
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Sen B, Aggarwal S, Nath R, Sehgal R, Singh R, Agrawal K, Shashidhara AN, Rastogi A, Bajpai M, Pamecha V, Trehanpati N, Ramakrishna G. Secretome of senescent hepatoma cells modulate immune cell fate by macrophage polarization and neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Med Oncol 2022; 39:134. [PMID: 35726030 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01732-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Presence of dysfunctional senescent hepatocytes is a hallmark feature of liver cirrhosis which finally culminates in liver cancer. We now report the presence of senescent hepatocytes (p21 and p53 positive) in the vicinity of infiltrated immune cells in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry. Hence, we evaluated in vitro, the relevance of senescent hepatoma cells in altering the fate of monocytes and neutrophils by assaying for macrophage polarization and extracellular trap (NETs) formation, respectively. Premature senescence was induced in hepatoma cells (HepG2 and Huh7 cells) by treating cells with doxorubicin. Senescent hepatoma cells showed strong inflammatory phenotype with induced expression of cytokines (IL1β, IL6, IL8 and IL13) as evaluated by flow cytometry. The senescent secretome from hepatoma cells when incubated with healthy monocytes caused it to differentiate predominantly towards M2 fate (CD80low CD86low CD163high CD206high) when analysed by flow cytometry. This was corroborated by the finding in clinical samples where human hepatocellular carcinoma harbouring senescent hepatocytes showed presence of M2 macrophages, while M1 macrophages were predominant in non-tumorous region. Additionally, the senescent secretome from Huh7 cells enhanced the NETs formation, while HepG2 secretome had an inhibitory effect. In conclusion, the "pro-inflammatory" senescent secretome drives non-inflammatory type M2 macrophage polarization and modulated neutrophil traps which in turn can influence the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijoya Sen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Savera Aggarwal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Rhisita Nath
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Rashi Sehgal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Khushboo Agrawal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | | | - Archana Rastogi
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenu Bajpai
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Viniyendra Pamecha
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nirupma Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Gayatri Ramakrishna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), D1 Block, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.
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28
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Pan J, Zhou L, Zhang C, Xu Q, Sun Y. Targeting protein phosphatases for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases: From signaling to therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:177. [PMID: 35665742 PMCID: PMC9166240 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the common pathological basis of autoimmune diseases, metabolic diseases, malignant tumors, and other major chronic diseases. Inflammation plays an important role in tissue homeostasis. On one hand, inflammation can sense changes in the tissue environment, induce imbalance of tissue homeostasis, and cause tissue damage. On the other hand, inflammation can also initiate tissue damage repair and maintain normal tissue function by resolving injury and restoring homeostasis. These opposing functions emphasize the significance of accurate regulation of inflammatory homeostasis to ameliorate inflammation-related diseases. Potential mechanisms involve protein phosphorylation modifications by kinases and phosphatases, which have a crucial role in inflammatory homeostasis. The mechanisms by which many kinases resolve inflammation have been well reviewed, whereas a systematic summary of the functions of protein phosphatases in regulating inflammatory homeostasis is lacking. The molecular knowledge of protein phosphatases, and especially the unique biochemical traits of each family member, will be of critical importance for developing drugs that target phosphatases. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the structure, the "double-edged sword" function, and the extensive signaling pathways of all protein phosphatases in inflammation-related diseases, as well as their potential inhibitors or activators that can be used in therapeutic interventions in preclinical or clinical trials. We provide an integrated perspective on the current understanding of all the protein phosphatases associated with inflammation-related diseases, with the aim of facilitating the development of drugs that target protein phosphatases for the treatment of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lisha Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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29
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Pham L, Kyritsi K, Zhou T, Ceci L, Baiocchi L, Kennedy L, Chakraborty S, Glaser S, Francis H, Alpini G, Sato K. The Functional Roles of Immune Cells in Primary Liver Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:826-836. [PMID: 35337836 PMCID: PMC9194651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Incidence of liver cancer has been increasing in recent years, and the 5-year survival is <20%. HCC and CCA are often accompanied with a dense stroma coupled with infiltrated immune cells, which is referred to as the tumor microenvironment. Populations of specific immune cells, such as high density of CD163+ macrophages and low density of CD8+ T cells, are associated with prognosis and survival rates in both HCC and CCA. Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment can be a therapeutic target for liver cancer treatments. Previous studies have introduced immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors, pulsed dendritic cells, or transduced T cells, to enhance cytotoxicity of immune cells and inhibit tumor growth. This review summarizes current understanding of the roles of immune cells in primary liver cancer covering HCC and CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Pham
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Science and Mathematics, Texas A&M University-Central Texas, Killeen, Texas
| | - Konstantina Kyritsi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ludovica Ceci
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Leonardo Baiocchi
- Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Keisaku Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.
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30
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Zhang L, Yang R, Hu Y, Yang Y, Zhang X, He B, Shen Z, Yang J, Chen P. Promoting effect of pomegranate peel extract on second-degree burn wound-healing through VEGF-A and TGF-β1 regulation. Burns 2022; 48:639-648. [PMID: 34716043 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pomegranate peel extract (PPE), a polyphenolic compound derived from pomegranate, has been widely concerned for its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bacteriostatic effects. The potential therapeutic effect of PPE on burn injury was investigated, and its possible mechanisms were explored. Minipigs with second-degree burn were treated with PPE, Jing Wan Hong, and silver sulfadiazine. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to detect burn severity, and then biological tissues were biopsied on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after administration. Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 in skin tissues after treatment with PPE. Furthermore, the skin wound healing at different time points was monitored by macroscopic observation. HE showed that after 28-day PPE treatment, the morphology of the skin tissue showed a significant improvement. Macroscopic data monitoring indicated that the decrustation and fur growing time was shortened. Meanwhile, the rate of wound healing increased after PPE treatment. The combination of immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and RT-PCR showed that after PPE treatment, expression of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 increased sharply on day 7, maintaining a high level until day 14, showing a downward trend on day 21, and approaching normal levels on day 28. However, in the model group, the protein and mRNA expression levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 increased on day 28 after burn injury, which was a slow process. Results indicated that compared with the model group, the peak expression level of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 was earlier, which was consistent with decrustation, shortening of fur growing time, and improvement of wound healing rate in minipig second-degree burn model. PPE showed a significant promoting effect on minipig second-degree burn model, which might be associated with the upregulation of the protein and gene expression levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Renhua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yangyang Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xiaochao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - JianYu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Hendawy OM. A comprehensive review of recent advances in the biological activities of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200045. [PMID: 35445430 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen heterocycles play an essential role in medication development. The 1,2,4-oxadiazole heterocycle has been extensively studied, yielding a large variety of molecules with varied biological functions. The 1,2,4-oxadiazole shows bioisosteric equivalency with ester and amide moieties. In recent years, the 1,2,4-oxadiazole nucleus has received a lot of attention in medicinal chemistry. It was thought to be a pharmacophore component in the production of biologically intriguing drugs. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the recent achievements in the biological activities of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles as potential antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic agents. The structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of action are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia M Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
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32
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Hazrati A, Malekpour K, Soudi S, Hashemi SM. Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles Application in Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Liver Diseases: Emphasizing on the Anti-Fibrotic and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2022; 13:865888. [PMID: 35464407 PMCID: PMC9021384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.865888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various factors, including viral and bacterial infections, autoimmune responses, diabetes, drugs, alcohol abuse, and fat deposition, can damage liver tissue and impair its function. These factors affect the liver tissue and lead to acute and chronic liver damage, and if left untreated, can eventually lead to cirrhosis, fibrosis, and liver carcinoma. The main treatment for these disorders is liver transplantation. Still, given the few tissue donors, problems with tissue rejection, immunosuppression caused by medications taken while receiving tissue, and the high cost of transplantation, liver transplantation have been limited. Therefore, finding alternative treatments that do not have the mentioned problems is significant. Cell therapy is one of the treatments that has received a lot of attention today. Hepatocytes and mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are used in many patients to treat liver-related diseases. In the meantime, the use of mesenchymal stem cells has been studied more than other cells due to their favourable characteristics and has reduced the need for liver transplantation. These cells increase the regeneration and repair of liver tissue through various mechanisms, including migration to the site of liver injury, differentiation into liver cells, production of extracellular vesicles (EVs), secretion of various growth factors, and regulation of the immune system. Notably, cell therapy is not entirely excellent and has problems such as cell rejection, undesirable differentiation, accumulation in unwanted locations, and potential tumorigenesis. Therefore, the application of MSCs derived EVs, including exosomes, can help treat liver disease and prevent its progression. Exosomes can prevent apoptosis and induce proliferation by transferring different cargos to the target cell. In addition, these vesicles have been shown to transport hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and can promote the hepatocytes'(one of the most important cells in the liver parenchyma) growths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soudi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Hashemi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nasir B, Khan AU, Baig MW, Althobaiti YS, Faheem M, Haq IU. Datura stramonium Leaf Extract Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Activity in CCL 4-Induced Hepatic Injury Model by Modulating Oxidative Stress Markers and iNOS/Nrf2 Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1382878. [PMID: 35342748 PMCID: PMC8942637 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1382878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammation is a frequent phenomenon in the pathogenesis of hepatic disorders leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Phytopharmaceuticals developed from traditional medicine can provide effective therapeutic alternatives to conventional medications. Datura stramonium (DS) has reported traditional uses in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we have tried to validate its potential as a source of anti-inflammatory agents. Methods Powdered leaf part of DS was extracted using ethyl acetate (EA) to provide the extract (DSL-EA). Lymphocyte and macrophage viability and acute toxicity assays established the safety profile, while nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assay estimated the in vitro anti-inflammatory potential. Noninvasive anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and antinociceptive activities were monitored using BALB/c mice using low and high doses (150 and 250 mg/kg). Major inflammatory studies were performed on Sprague-Dawley male rats using CCl4-induced liver injury model. Disease induction was initiated by intraperitoneal injections of CCl4 (1 mL/kg of 30% CCl4 in olive oil). The rats were divided into six groups. The anti-inflammatory potential of DSL-EA in low and high doses (150 and 300 mg/kg, respectively) was assessed through hematological, biochemical, liver antioxidant defense, oxidative stress markers, and histological studies as well as the expression of Nrf2 and iNOS. Results DSL-EA exhibited prominent in vitro NO scavenging (IC50: 7.625 ± 0.51 μg/mL) and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in paw and anal edema models. In CCl4 model, hematological investigations revealed vasotonic effects. Liver functionality was significantly (P < 0.001 - 0.05) improved in DSL-EA-treated rats. The activity level of endogenous antioxidant enzymes in liver tissues was improved in a manner identical to silymarin. The extract reduced the percent concentration of oxidative stress markers in liver tissues. Furthermore, DSL-EA displayed restorative effects on histological parameters (H and E and Masson's trichrome staining). Immunohistochemistry studies showed marked decline in Nrf2 expression, while overexpression of iNOS was also observed in disease control rats. The damage was distinctly reversed by the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakht Nasir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waleed Baig
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Yusuf S. Althobaiti
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Addiction and Neuroscience Research Unit, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Chao J, Chen TY, Pao LH, Deng JS, Cheng YC, Su SY, Huang SS. Ethnobotanical Survey on Bitter Tea in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:816029. [PMID: 35250565 PMCID: PMC8894760 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.816029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological evidence: In Taiwan, herbal tea is considered a traditional medicine and has been consumed for hundreds of years. In contrast to regular tea, herbal teas are prepared using plants other than the regular tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze. Bitter tea (kǔ-chá), a series of herbal teas prepared in response to common diseases in Taiwan, is often made from local Taiwanese plants. However, the raw materials and formulations have been kept secret and verbally passed down by store owners across generations without a fixed recipe, and the constituent plant materials have not been disclosed. Aim of the study: The aim was to determine the herbal composition of bitter tea sold in Taiwan, which can facilitate further studies on pharmacological applications and conserve cultural resources. Materials and methods: Interviews were conducted through a semi-structured questionnaire. The surveyed respondents were traditional sellers of traditional herbal tea. The relevant literature was collated for a systematic analysis of the composition, characteristics, and traditional and modern applications of the plant materials used in bitter tea. We also conducted an association analysis of the composition of Taiwanese bitter tea with green herb tea (qing-cao-cha tea), another commonly consumed herbal tea in Taiwan, as well as herbal teas in neighboring areas outside Taiwan. Results: After visiting a total of 59 stores, we identified 32 bitter tea formulations and 73 plant materials. Asteraceae was the most commonly used family, and most stores used whole plants. According to a network analysis of nine plant materials used in high frequency as drug pairs, Tithonia diversifolia and Ajuga nipponensis were found to be the core plant materials used in Taiwanese bitter tea. Conclusion: Plant materials used in Taiwanese bitter tea were distinct, with multiple therapeutic functions. Further research is required to clarify their efficacy and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Chao
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Master Program for Food and Drug Safety, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yang Chen
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Pao
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shan-Yu Su, ; Shyh-Shyun Huang,
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Shan-Yu Su, ; Shyh-Shyun Huang,
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Xie J, Zhang Y, Jiang L. Role of Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer: A brief look at anakinra therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108577. [PMID: 35121226 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is known as one of the deadliest and most common cancers globally and causes nearly one million cancer deaths yearly. Like many malignancies, the immune system and its components play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CRC. As multifunction mediators of the immune system, cytokines are involved in several inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) belongs to a family of 11 members and is involved in inflammatory responses. Beyond its biological role as a mediator of innate immune responses, it is also seen in chronic stress and inflammation and numerous pathological states. The role of IL-1 in malignancies can also be very significant because it has recently been shown that this cytokine can also be secreted from tumor cells and induce the recruitment of myeloid-derived immunosuppressive cells. As a result, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is affected and, despite being inflammatory, causes the onset and progression of tumor cells. Since surgery and chemotherapy are the first choices to treat patients with cancer, especially CRC, it is usually not well-prognosed, particularly in patients with metastatic lesions CRC. Therefore, targeted therapy may prolong the overall survival of CRC patients. Furthermore, evidence shows that anakinra has had satisfactory results in treating CRC. Therefore, this review summarized the role of IL-1 in the pathogenesis of CRC as well as immunotherapy based on inhibition of this cytokine in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxi Jiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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Precision Medicine for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Perspective. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12020149. [PMID: 35207638 PMCID: PMC8879044 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12020149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major malignant diseases worldwide, characterized by growing incidence and high mortality rates despite apparent improvements in surveillance programs, diagnostic and treatment procedures, molecular therapies, and numerous research initiatives. Most HCCs occur in patients with liver cirrhosis, and the competing mortality risks from the tumor and the cirrhosis should be considered. Presently, previously identified risk factors, such as hepatitis virus infection, hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and metabolic syndrome, may be used as chemoprevention targets. The application of precision medicine for HCC management challenges the one-size-fits-all concept; moreover, patients should no longer be treated entirely according to the histology of their tumor but based on molecular targets specific to their tumor biology. Next-generation sequencing emphasizes HCC molecular heterogeneity and aids our comprehension of possible vulnerabilities that can be exploited. Moreover, genetic sequencing as part of a precision medicine concept may work as a promising tool for postoperative cancer monitoring. The use of genetic and epigenetic markers to identify therapeutic vulnerability could change the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, which so far was based on Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging. In daily clinical practice, the shift from a stage-oriented to a therapeutic-oriented approach is needed to direct the choice of HCC treatment toward the potentially most effective option on an individual basis. The important factor in precision medicine is the promotion of patient management based on the individual approach, knowing that the final decision must be approved by a multidisciplinary expert team.
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EMT and Inflammation: Crossroads in HCC. J Gastrointest Cancer 2022; 54:204-212. [PMID: 35020133 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and is associated with several inflammatory mediators, since 90% of HCCs occur based on chronic hepatitis B or C, alcoholism or increasingly metabolic syndrome-associated inflammation. EMT is a physiological process, with coordinated changes in epithelial gene signatures and is regulated by multiple factors, including cytokines and growth factors such as TGFβ, EGF, and FGF. Recent reports propose a strong association between EMT and inflammation, which is also correlated with tumor aggressiveness and poor outcomes. Cellular heterogeneity results collectively as an outcome of EMT, inflammation, and the tumor microenvironment, and it plays a fundamental role in the progression, complexity of cancer, and chemoresistance. In this review, we highlight recent developments concerning the association of EMT and inflammation in the context of HCC progression. Identifying potential EMT-related biomarkers and understanding EMT regulatory molecules will likely contribute to promising developments in clinical practice and will be a valuable tool for predicting metastasis in general and specifically in HCC.
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LONG L, MENG X, SUN J, JING L, CHEN D, YU R. Ameliorated effect of Lactobacillus plantarum SCS2 on the oxidative stress in HepG2 cells induced by AFB1. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.16522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan LONG
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiao MENG
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiayi SUN
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Lin JING
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dayi CHEN
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Rong YU
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Lee SR, Jeong SH, Heo JH, Jo SL, Ko JW, Kwun HJ, Hong EJ. Dietary Intake of 17α-Ethinylestradiol Promotes HCC Progression in Humanized Male Mice Expressing Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12557. [PMID: 34830439 PMCID: PMC8620028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a male-oriented malignancy; its progression is affected by sex hormones. 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) is a synthetic estrogen widely used as an oral contraceptive; however, it is unknown whether EE2 regulates sex hormone action in HCC. We investigated whether EE2 influences HCC risk in male androgenic environments, using mice expressing human sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Two-week-old male mice were injected with diethyl-nitrosamine (DEN, 25 mg/kg) and fed an EE2 diet for 10 weeks from 30 weeks of age. Development and characteristics of liver cancer were evaluated in 40-week-old mice via molecular and histological analyses. Although EE2 did not increase HCC progression in wild-type mice, SHBG mice exhibited remarkably higher HCC risk when fed EE2. The livers of EE2-treated SHBG mice exhibited substantially increased pro-inflammatory necrosis with high plasma levels of ALT and HMGB1, and intrahepatic injury and fibers. Additionally, increased androgen response and androgen-mediated proliferation in the livers of EE2-treated SHBG mice and EE2-exposed hepatocytes under SHBG conditions were observed. As a competitor of SHBG-androgen binding, EE2 could bind with SHBG and increase the bioavailability of androgen. Our results revealed that EE2 is a novel risk factor in androgen-dominant men, predisposing them to HCC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.R.L.); (S.H.J.); (J.H.H.); (S.L.J.); (J.-W.K.); (H.-J.K.)
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Xu L, Yang C, Wang J, Li Z, Huang R, Ma H, Ma J, Wang Q, Xiong X. Persistent mTORC1 activation via Depdc5 deletion results in spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma but does not exacerbate carcinogen- and high-fat diet-induced hepatic carcinogenesis in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 578:142-149. [PMID: 34562654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) acts as a central regulator of metabolic pathways that drive cellular growth. Abnormal activation of mTORC1 occurs at high frequency in human and mouse hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DEP domain-containing protein 5 (DEPDC5), a component of GATOR1 complex, is a repressor of amino acid-sensing branch of the mTORC1 pathway. In the current study, we found that persistent activation of hepatic mTORC1 signaling caused by Depdc5 ablation was sufficient to induce a pathological program of liver damage, inflammation and fibrosis that triggers spontaneous HCC development. Take advantage of the combinatory treatment with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and chronic feeding with high-fat diet (HFD), we demonstrated that hepatic depdc5 deletion did not aggravate DEN&HFD induced liver tumorigenesis, probably due to its protective effects on diet-induced liver steatosis. In addition, we further showed that chronic rapamycin treatment did not have any apparent tumor-suppressing effects on DEN&HFD treated control mice, whereas it dramatically reduced the tumor burden in mice with hepatic Depdc5 ablation. This study provides the novel in vivo evidence for Depdc5 deletion mediated mTORC1 hyperactivation in liver tumorigenesis caused by aging or DEN&HFD treatment. Moreover, our findings also propose that pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 signaling maybe a promising strategy to treat HCC patients with mutations in DEPDC5 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chenyan Yang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zun Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Honghui Ma
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qingzhi Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiwen Xiong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Integrative Physiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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Tariq F, Khan W, Ahmad W, Riaz SK, Khan M, Sherwani S, Haque S, Malik MFA, Iftikhar MJ, Khan S, Haq F. Effect of MHC Linked 7-Gene Signature on Delayed Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11111129. [PMID: 34834481 PMCID: PMC8625636 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated immune response significantly affects hepatocellular carcinoma's (HCC) prognosis. Human Leukocyte Antigens are key in devising immune responses against HCC. Here, we investigated how HLAs modulate HCC development at the transcriptomic level. RNA-seq data of 576 patients from two independent cohorts was retrieved. The clinicopathological relevance of all HLA genes was investigated using Fisher-Exact, correlation, and Kaplan-Meier and cox regression survival tests. Clustering of ~800 immune-related genes against HLAs was completed using a ward-agglomerative method. Networks were generated using 40 HLA associated unique genes and hub genes were investigated. HLAs including HLA-DMA, HLA-DMB, HLA-DOA and HLA-DRB6 were associated with delayed recurrence in both discovery (204 HCC cases) and validation (372 HCC cases) cohorts. Clustering analyses revealed 40 genes associated with these four HLAs in both cohorts. A set of seven genes (NCF4, TYROBP, LCP2, ZAP70, PTPRC, FYN and WAS) was found co-expressed at gene-gene interaction level in both cohorts. Furthermore, survival analysis revealed seven HLA-linked genes as predictors of delayed recurrence. Multivariate analysis also predicted that mean expression of 7-gene is an independent predictor of delayed recurrence in both cohorts. We conclude that the expression of 7-gene signature may lead to improved patient prognosis. Further studies are required for consideration in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fomaz Tariq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
| | - Walizeb Khan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
| | - Washaakh Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
| | - Syeda Kiran Riaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-77845, USA
| | - Mahvish Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 55211, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Subuhi Sherwani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 55211, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Faculty of Medicine, Görükle Campus, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa 16059, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Faraz Arshad Malik
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
| | | | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ha’il University, Ha’il 55211, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (F.H.)
| | - Farhan Haq
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (F.T.); (W.K.); (W.A.); (S.K.R.); (M.F.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (F.H.)
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Qin P, Zhang M, Liu X, Dong Z. Immunogenomic Landscape Analysis of Prognostic Immune-Related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:3761858. [PMID: 34745496 PMCID: PMC8570866 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3761858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. HBV infection is an important risk factor for the tumorigenesis of HCC, given that the inflammatory environment is closely related to morbidity and prognosis. Consequently, it is of urgent importance to explore the immunogenomic landscape to supplement the prognosis of HCC. The expression profiles of immune-related genes (IRGs) were integrated with 377 HCC patients to generate differentially expressed IRGs based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. These IRGs were evaluated and assessed in terms of their diagnostic and prognostic values. A total of 32 differentially expressed immune-related genes resulted as significantly correlated with the overall survival of HCC patients. The Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were actively involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. A prognostic signature based on IRGs (HSPA4, PSME3, PSMD14, FABP6, ISG20L2, TRAF3, NDRG1, NRAS, CSPG5, and IL17D) stratified patients into high-risk versus low-risk groups in terms of overall survival and remained as an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analyses after adjusting for clinical and pathologic factors. Several IRGs (HSPA4, PSME3, PSMD14, FABP6, ISG20L2, TRAF3, NDRG1, NRAS, CSPG5, and IL17D) of clinical significance were screened in the present study, revealing that the proposed clinical-immune signature is a promising risk score for predicting the prognosis of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Immunotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ziming Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Ahumada A, Rayón L, Usón C, Bañares R, Alonso Lopez S. Hepatocellular carcinoma risk after viral response in hepatitis C virus-advanced fibrosis: Who to screen and for how long? World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6737-6749. [PMID: 34790004 PMCID: PMC8567476 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i40.6737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is associated with fibrosis progression, end-stage liver complications and HCC. Not surprisingly, HCV infection is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. After sustained virological response (SVR), the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma is not completely eliminated in patients with established cirrhosis or with advanced fibrosis. Therefore, lifelong surveillance is currently recommended. This strategy is likely not universally cost-effective and harmless, considering that not all patients with advanced fibrosis have the same risk of developing HCC. Factors related to the severity of liver disease and its potential to improve after SVR, the molecular and epigenetic changes that occur during infection and other associated comorbidities might account for different risk levels and are likely essential for identifying patients who would benefit from screening programs after SVR. Efforts to develop predictive models and risk calculators, biomarkers and genetic panels and even deep learning models to estimate the individual risk of HCC have been made in the direct-acting antiviral agents era, when thousands of patients with advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis have reached SVR. These tools could help to identify patients with very low HCC risk in whom surveillance might not be justified. In this review, factors affecting the probability of HCC development after SVR, the benefits and risks of surveillance, suggested strategies to estimate individualized HCC risk and the current evidence to recommend lifelong surveillance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ahumada
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28007, Spain
- Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Laura Rayón
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Clara Usón
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Rafael Bañares
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28007, Spain
- Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
- Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28006, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso Lopez
- Liver Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid 28007, Spain
- Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
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Yang J, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Zhu L, Luo G, Ge B. Hollow CeO 2 with ROS-Scavenging Activity to Alleviate Colitis in Mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6889-6904. [PMID: 34675513 PMCID: PMC8521620 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s317261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce high oxidative stress is one of the main causes of colitis; thus, it has been regarded as a therapeutic target for colitis treatment. And the nanomaterial-based therapeutic strategies are effective against colitis. However, the previous elaborately designed materials exhibit limited application due to the uncertain biocompatibility and complicated manufacturing processes. Methods In this study, the highly monodisperse hollow CeO2 nanoparticles (H-CeO2) with uniform morphology were obtained by in situ growing CeO2 on solid silica nanoparticles and subsequently removing the silica core. The H-CeO2 was further modified with PEG, which owned excellent biological stability and biocompatibility. The experimental model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of H-CeO2-PEG. Results The H-CeO2-PEG showed good ROS scavenging efficacy and decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α) in DSS-induced colitis mice. Furthermore, H-CeO2-PEG inhibited the activation of the MAPK signalling pathway to alleviate colitis. Conclusion This study reveals the therapeutic effects of CeO2-based nanomedicine toward colitis and elucidates the specific signalling pathway involved, which provides potential alternative therapeutic options for patients with inflammation tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhe Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangchen Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghong Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - BuJun Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Wang Q, Tang Q, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Hu H, Liu L, Liu X, Zhu Y, Guo A, Yang X. Time serial transcriptome reveals Cyp2c29 as a key gene in hepatocellular carcinoma development. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 17:401-417. [PMID: 32587777 PMCID: PMC7309465 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severely lethal cancer that usually originates from chronic liver injury and inflammation. Although progress on diagnosis and treatment is obvious, the cause of HCC remains unclear. In this study, we sought to determine key genes in HCC development. Methods: To identify key regulators during HCC progression, we performed transcriptome sequencing to obtain time series gene expression data from a mouse model with diethylnitrosamine-induced liver tumors and further verified gene expression and function in vitro and in vivo. Results: Among the differentially expressed genes, Cyp2c29 was continuously downregulated during HCC progression. Overexpression of Cyp2c29 suppressed NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine production by increasing the production of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid in vitro. Furthermore, overexpression of Cyp2c29 in vivo protected against liver inflammation in mouse models of liver injury induced by both acetaminophen and CCl4. Two human homologs of mouse Cyp2c29, CYP2C8 and CYP2C9, were found to be downregulated in human HCC progression, and their expression was positively correlated with overall survival in patients with HCC (significance: P = 0.046 and 0.0097, respectively). Conclusions: Collectively, through systematic analysis and verification, we determined that Cyp2c29 is a novel gene involved in liver injury and inflammation, which may be a potential biomarker for HCC prevention and prognosis determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qin Tang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuxin Wu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lanlan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yanhong Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Anyuan Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Xin Y, Zhang X, Li Y, Yang Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhou X, Li X. A Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI)-Based Nomogram for Predicting the Recurrence of Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Radiofrequency Ablation. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2021; 45:43-53. [PMID: 34561739 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-021-02965-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the prognostic value of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) defined as neutrophil count × monocyte count/lymphocyte count in the patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The prognostic value of SIRI was evaluated in a primary cohort (n = 403) and then further validated in an independent test cohort (n = 140). A novel preoperative prognostic nomogram was constructed from a multivariate analysis and validated in an external validation cohort. RESULTS The optimal cutoff value of SIRI for patient stratification into a low SIRI group and a high SIRI group was 1.36. Survival analysis showed that the median overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were significantly higher in patients with a low SIRI compared to those with a high SIRI. The alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), SIRI, tumor number and size were independent predictors of RFS based on multivariate analysis. The nomogram including the SIRI, tumor number, tumor size, AFP could more accurately determine the prognosis of HCC patients than BCLC stage (0.74 vs. 0.62, P < 0.001). In addition, the dynamic changes in post-RFA SIRI also had prognostic significance and patients with a reduction in the SIRI by > 75% had a better prognosis. CONCLUSION Preoperative SIRI was an independent predictor for RFS in patients with early stage HCC within the Milan criteria. The comprehensive nomogram can objectively and reliably help clinicians identify high-risk patients and develop individualized treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Xin
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,Department of Interventional Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Interventional Therapy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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Olatunde A, Nigam M, Singh RK, Panwar AS, Lasisi A, Alhumaydhi FA, Jyoti Kumar V, Mishra AP, Sharifi-Rad J. Cancer and diabetes: the interlinking metabolic pathways and repurposing actions of antidiabetic drugs. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:499. [PMID: 34535145 PMCID: PMC8447515 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are regarded as one of the main causes of death and result in high health burden worldwide. The management of cancer include chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy. The chemotherapy, which involves the use of chemical agents with cytotoxic actions is utilised as a single treatment or combined treatment. However, these managements of cancer such as chemotherapy poses some setbacks such as cytotoxicity on normal cells and the problem of anticancer drug resistance. Therefore, the use of other therapeutic agents such as antidiabetic drugs is one of the alternative interventions used in addressing some of the limitations in the use of anticancer agents. Antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylureas, biguanides and thiazolidinediones showed beneficial and repurposing actions in the management of cancer, thus, the activities of these drugs against cancer is attributed to some of the metabolic links between the two disorders and these includes hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress as well as obesity. Furthermore, some studies showed that the use of antidiabetic drugs could serve as risk factors for the development of cancerous cells particularly pancreatic cancer. However, the beneficial role of these chemical agents overweighs their detrimental actions in cancer management. Hence, the present review indicates the metabolic links between cancer and diabetes and the mechanistic actions of antidiabetic drugs in the management of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Olatunde
- Department of Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, 740272, Nigeria
| | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
| | - Rahul Kunwar Singh
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abhaya Shikhar Panwar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abdulwahab Lasisi
- Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Hermitage Lane, Maidstone, Kent, ME169QQ, UK
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Jyoti Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, University of Free State, 205, Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang H, Wang Z, Hou Z, Yang X, Zhu K, Cao M, Zhu X, Li H, Zhang T. The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) Predicts the Prognosis of Unresectable Intermediate and Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Apatinib. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:6989-6998. [PMID: 34522141 PMCID: PMC8434860 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s311526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who might benefit most from anti-angiogenesis therapy remain unknown. In recent years, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), an indicator of inflammatory response, has received particular attention in HCC. Herein, we explored the prognostic value of pre-treatment NLR in individuals with unresectable intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with apatinib, a second-line angiogenesis inhibitor. The findings of this study would assist in precision medicine and provide clinical decision support. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective study in which 171 HCC patients attending Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital and treated with apatinib between January 2016 and July 2018 were enrolled. The prognosis of the patients based on NLR signatures was then analyzed. Results Patients with a low pre-treatment NLR (NLR < 2.49) presented a significantly longer overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.043). Furthermore, a low pre-treatment NLR level could be used to predict a longer OS in patients with non-macrovascular invasion (P < 0.001). Independent of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, a low NLR level in this cohort of patients is associated with a longer OS. Conclusion Pre-treatment NLR predicts the prognosis of patients with unresectable intermediate and advanced HCC treated with apatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Hou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyun Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqing Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Huikai Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ti Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hepatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
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Liu MM, Chen ZH, Zhao LY, Zhao JY, Rong DL, Ma XK, Ruan DY, Lin JX, Qi JJ, Hu PS, Wen JY, Chen J, Lin Q, Wu XY, Wei L, Dong M. Prognostic Value of Serum Apolipoprotein B to Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis. Oncol Res Treat 2021; 44:450-468. [PMID: 34380137 DOI: 10.1159/000517735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prognosis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies in patients receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). In this study, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of serum apolipoprotein B (ApoB)/apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) in this group of patients. METHODS The serum lipid levels of HCC patients undergoing TACE were obtained from routine preoperative blood lipid examination. A propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was used to eliminate the imbalance of baseline characteristics of the high and low ApoB/ApoA-I groups. Then, univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of ApoB/ApoA-I. RESULTS In 455 HCC patients treated with TACE, ApoB/ApoA-I was positively correlated with AFP, T stage, distant metastasis, and TNM stage (p < 0.05). Patients with high ApoB/ApoA-I had a significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than those with low ApoB/ApoA-I (median OS, 21.7 vs. 39.6 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that ApoB/ApoA-I was an independent prognostic index for OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42, p = 0.008). After baseline characteristics were balanced, 288 patients were included in the PSM cohort. In this cohort, high ApoB/ApoA-I still predicted inferior OS in both univariate analysis (median OS, 27.6 vs. 39.3 months, p = 0.002) and multivariate analysis (HR = 1.58, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION Serum ApoB/ApoA-I is a useful biomarker in predicting aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and poor prognosis in HCC patients treated with TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan-Hong Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Yun Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dai-Lin Rong
- Department of Radiology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Yun Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Shan Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology of Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yun Wen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Yuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chemotherapy: a double-edged sword in cancer treatment. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 71:507-526. [PMID: 34355266 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03013-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a well-known and effective treatment for different cancers; unfortunately, it has not been as efficient in the eradication of all cancer cells as been expected. The mechanism of this failure was not fully clarified, yet. Meanwhile, alterations in the physiologic conditions of the tumor microenvironment (TME) were suggested as one of the underlying possibilities. Chemotherapy drugs can activate multiple signaling pathways and augment the secretion of inflammatory mediators. Inflammation may show two opposite roles in the TME. On the one hand, inflammation, as an innate immune response, tries to suppress tumor growth but on the other hand, it might be not powerful enough to eradicate the cancer cells and even it can provide appropriate conditions for cancer promotion and relapse as well. Therefore, the administration of mild anti-inflammatory drugs during chemotherapy might result in more successful clinical results. Here, we will review and discuss this hypothesis. Most chemotherapy agents are triggers of inflammation in the tumor microenvironment through inducing the production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) molecules. Some chemotherapy agents can induce systematic inflammation by provoking TLR4 signaling or triggering IL-1B secretion through the inflammasome pathway. NF-kB and MAPK are key signaling pathways of inflammation and could be activated by several chemotherapy drugs. Furthermore, inflammation can play a key role in cancer development, metastasis and exacerbation.
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