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Li Q, Yuan Z, Bahabayi A, Zhang Z, Zeng X, Kang R, Xu Q, Guan Z, Wang P, Liu C. Upregulation of CX3CR1 expression in circulating T cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients as a reflection of autoimmune status through characterization of cytotoxic capacity. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111231. [PMID: 38016349 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated CX3CR1 expression in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes and their subsets, exploring changes in SLE patients and its diagnostic potential. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 31 healthy controls and 50 SLE patients were collected. RNA-Seq data from SLE patient PBMCs were used to analyze CX3CR1 expression in T cells. Flow cytometry determined CX3CR1-expressing T lymphocyte subset proportions in SLE patients and healthy controls. Subset composition and presence of GZMB, GPR56, and perforin in CX3CR1+ T lymphocytes were analyzed. T cell-clinical indicator correlations were assessed. ROC curves explored CX3CR1's diagnostic potential for SLE. RESULTS CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells exhibited higher GPR56, perforin, and GZMB expression than other T cell subsets. The proportion of CX3CR1+ was higher in TEMRA and lower in Tn and TCM. PMA activation reduced CX3CR1+ T cell proportions. Both RNA-Seq and flow cytometry revealed elevated CX3CR1+ T cell proportions in SLE patients. Significantly lower perforin+ and GPR56+ proportions were observed in CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells in SLE patients. CX3CR1+ T cells correlated with clinical indicators. CONCLUSION CX3CR1+ T cells display cytotoxic features, with heightened expression in CD8+ T cells, particularly in adult SLE patients. Increased CX3CR1 expression in SLE patient T cells suggests its potential as an adjunctive diagnostic marker for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ayibaota Bahabayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qinzhu Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Velayutham B, Padhi S, Devi S, Patra S, Panigrahi C, Ramasubbu MK, Kumar R, Raheman S. Immunohistochemical expression of perforin in adult systemic lupus erythematosus associated macrophage activation syndrome: Clinicohematological correlation and literature review. Lupus 2024; 33:26-39. [PMID: 38069452 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231221414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the bone marrow (BM) immunohistomorphological characteristics in adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated macrophage activation syndrome (SLE-MAS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of CD3, CD8, perforin (PFN), and CD163 was studied on BM trephine biopsies from 30 cytopenic adult SLE cases (male: female = 1:5, age; 24 years, range; 19-32) and compared them with ten age matched controls. Clinicopathological parameters were compared among the cases likely (L) or unlikely (U) to have MAS using probability scoring criteria. The best cut off laboratory parameters to discriminate between the two were obtained through receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS MAS occurred in 12/30 (40%) cases and was more commonly associated with prior immunosuppressive therapy (p = .07), ≥ 3 system involvement (p = .09), lower fibrinogen (p < .01), increased triglyceride (p = .002), increased BM hemophagocytosis (p = .002), and higher MAS score [185 (176-203) vs. 105 (77-119), p < .01] than MAS-U subgroup. Although PFN+CD8+ T lymphocytes significantly decreased among cases than controls (p < .05), it was comparable between MAS-L and MAS-U subgroups. Fibrinogen (< 2.4 g/L, AUC; 0.93, p < .01), hemophagocytosis score (> 1.5, AUC; 0.71, p = .03), and an MAS probability score of ≥ 164 (AUC; 1, p < .01) discriminated MAS from those without MAS. CONCLUSION We noted a decrease in perforin mediated CD8 + T cell cytotoxicity in SLE. Immunohistochemical demonstration of the same along with histiocytic hemophagocytosis on BM biopsy may be useful adjunct in early diagnosis and management of MAS in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakialakshmi Velayutham
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Somanath Padhi
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sujata Devi
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Susama Patra
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Chinmayee Panigrahi
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mathan Kumar Ramasubbu
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand, India
| | - Samiur Raheman
- Department of Pathology with Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Zhang J, Tang Z, Liu Z, Wang G, Yang X, Hou X. Metabolomic and proteomic analyses of primary Sjogren's syndrome. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152722. [PMID: 37567091 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) has not been fully elucidated. We explored differentially expressed proteins and metabolic pathways in pSS using proteomics and metabolomics. 456 named proteins in total were identified, among which 50 were significantly changed in the pSS. Altered proteins were significantly associated with signaling pathways such as antigen processing and presentation, human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, and FC gamma R-mediated phagocytosis. Meanwhile, 12 proteins, such as SH3BGRL3, TPM4, and CA1, can be used as potential clinical molecular markers. Moreover, 128 metabolites were significantly expressed in the pSS group. A total of 96 pathways were significantly enriched including central carbon metabolism in cancer, taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and ABC transporters. Notably, both proteomics and metabolomics enriched glycolysis/gluconeogenesis metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, and glutathione metabolism pathways. In this study, the progression mechanism of pSS was analyzed and novel biomarkers were identified by proteomics and metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Zixing Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541001, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xueli Yang
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China
| | - Xianliang Hou
- Central Laboratory, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism Disorders, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, China.
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Naneh O, Kozorog M, Merzel F, Gilbert R, Anderluh G. Surface plasmon resonance and microscale thermophoresis approaches for determining the affinity of perforin for calcium ions. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181020. [PMID: 37545534 PMCID: PMC10400287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Perforin is a pore-forming protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system by clearing virus-infected or tumor cells. It is released from cytotoxic granules of immune cells and forms pores in targeted lipid membranes to deliver apoptosis-inducing granzymes. It is a very cytotoxic protein and is therefore adapted not to act in producing cells. Its activity is regulated by the requirement for calcium ions for optimal activity. However, the exact affinity of perforin for calcium ions has not yet been determined. We conducted a molecular dynamics simulation in the absence or presence of calcium ions that showed that binding of at least three calcium ions is required for stable perforin binding to the lipid membrane. Biophysical studies using surface plasmon resonance and microscale thermophoresis were then performed to estimate the binding affinities of native human and recombinant mouse perforin for calcium ions. Both approaches showed that mouse perforin has a several fold higher affinity for calcium ions than that of human perforin. This was attributed to a particular residue, tryptophan at position 488 in mouse perforin, which is replaced by arginine in human perforin. This represents an additional mechanism to control the activity of human perforin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Naneh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mirijam Kozorog
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franci Merzel
- Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Gilbert
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gregor Anderluh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Pastor-Anglada M, Mata-Ventosa A, Pérez-Torras S. Inborn Errors of Nucleoside Transporter (NT)-Encoding Genes ( SLC28 and SLC29). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8770. [PMID: 35955904 PMCID: PMC9369021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper regulation of nucleotide pools is essential for all types of cellular functions and depends on de novo nucleotide biosynthesis, salvage, and degradation pathways. Despite the apparent essentiality of these processes, a significant number of rare diseases associated with mutations in genes encoding various enzymes of these pathways have been already identified, and others are likely yet to come. However, knowledge on genetic alterations impacting on nucleoside and nucleobase transporters is still limited. At this moment three gene-encoding nucleoside and nucleobase transporter proteins have been reported to be mutated in humans, SLC29A1, SLC29A3, and SLC28A1, impacting on the expression and function of ENT1, ENT3, and CNT1, respectively. ENT1 alterations determine Augustine-null blood type and cause ectopic calcification during aging. ENT3 deficiency translates into various clinical manifestations and syndromes, altogether listed in the OMIM catalog as histiocytosis-lymphoadenopathy plus syndrome (OMIM#602782). CNT1 deficiency causes uridine-cytidineuria (URCTU) (OMIM#618477), a unique type of pyrimidineuria with an as yet not well-known clinical impact. Increasing knowledge on the physiological, molecular and structural features of these transporter proteins is helping us to better understand the biological basis behind the biochemical and clinical manifestations caused by these deficiencies. Moreover, they also support the view that some metabolic compensation might occur in these disturbances, because they do not seem to significantly impact nucleotide homeostasis, but rather other biological events associated with particular subtypes of transporter proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marçal Pastor-Anglada
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Mata-Ventosa
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez-Torras
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Gene therapy of prostate cancer using liposomes containing perforin expression vector driven by the promoter of prostate-specific antigen gene. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1442. [PMID: 35087064 PMCID: PMC8795355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Perforin secreted from cytotoxic lymphocytes plays a critical role in cancer immunosurveillance. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of liposomes containing perforin expression vector driven by the promotor of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The anti-tumor effect of perforin was analyzed using prostate cancer (PC) PC-3 cells in which perforin expression was controlled by Tet-on system (PC-3PRF cells). Liposomes encapsulating PSA promoter-driven perforin expression vector (pLipo) were constructed for its specific expression in PC. The anti-tumor effect of pLipo was evaluated in vitro using docetaxel-resistant PC 22Rv1 PC cell line, 22Rv1DR, and PC-3 cells in the presence of human peripheral blood mono nuclear cells (PBMCs) and also in vivo using male nude mice bearing 22Rv1DR cell-derived tumor xenograft. Induction of perforin significantly inhibited growth of PC-3PRF cells. Treatment with pLipo induced perforin expression in 22Rv1DR cells expressing PSA but not in PC-3 cells lacking it. Treatment with pLipo at a low concentration was prone to inhibit growth of both cell lines and significantly inhibited growth of 22Rv1DR cells when co-incubated with PBMCs. The combined use of pLipo at a high concentration with PBMCs showed nearly complete inhibition of 22Rv1DR cell growth. Intravenous administration of pLipo via tail vein increased the level of perforin in tumor and serum and significantly decreased the tumor volume. Our results suggest that liposome-mediated PC-specific expression of perforin could be a novel therapy for advanced PC.
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Kos J, Mitrović A, Perišić Nanut M, Pišlar A. Lysosomal peptidases – Intriguing roles in cancer progression and neurodegeneration. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:708-738. [PMID: 35067006 PMCID: PMC8972049 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal peptidases are hydrolytic enzymes capable of digesting waste proteins that are targeted to lysosomes via endocytosis and autophagy. Besides intracellular protein catabolism, they play more specific roles in several other cellular processes and pathologies, either within lysosomes, upon secretion into the cell cytoplasm or extracellular space, or bound to the plasma membrane. In cancer, lysosomal peptidases are generally associated with disease progression, as they participate in crucial processes leading to changes in cell morphology, signaling, migration, and invasion, and finally metastasis. However, they can also enhance the mechanisms resulting in cancer regression, such as apoptosis of tumor cells or antitumor immune responses. Lysosomal peptidases have also been identified as hallmarks of aging and neurodegeneration, playing roles in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal intercellular communication, dysregulated trafficking, and the deposition of protein aggregates in neuronal cells. Furthermore, deficiencies in lysosomal peptidases may result in other pathological states, such as lysosomal storage disease. The aim of this review was to highlight the role of lysosomal peptidases in particular pathological processes of cancer and neurodegeneration and to address the potential of lysosomal peptidases in diagnosing and treating patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janko Kos
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Pharmacy Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan Institute Department of Biotechnology Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Ana Mitrović
- Jožef Stefan Institute Department of Biotechnology Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Milica Perišić Nanut
- Jožef Stefan Institute Department of Biotechnology Jamova 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- University of Ljubljana Faculty of Pharmacy Aškerčeva 7 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia
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Fu X, Chen Y, Wang L, Zhou Q, Li M, Song Y, Li Y, Zhao F, Chen S. Identification and functional analysis of the perforin-1 like gene in disease resistance in half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 122:104135. [PMID: 34004267 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pore-forming protein perforin is one of the effectors of cell-mediated killing via the granule exocytosis pathway. In this study, a genome-wide association study was conducted in Vibrio harveyi disease-resistant and disease-susceptible families of half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) to determine the genes accounting for host resistance, and a perforin homologue was identified, designated perforin-1 like (CsPRF1l). The full-length cDNA of CsPRF1l is 1835 bp, and encodes 514 amino acids. The CsPRF1l gene consists of 10 exons and 9 introns, spanning approximately 7 kb. The amino acid sequence of CsPRF1l shows 60.35, 54.03, 41.92, and 34.17% identities to Morone saxatilis PRF1l, Oryzias melastigma PRF1l, Danio rerio PRF1.5 and Homo sapiens PRF, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF) and C2 domains in CsPRF1l. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that CsPRF1l presented a higher intestinal expression level in disease-resistant families than in susceptible families. Tissue expression pattern analysis showed that CsPRF1l is present in most of the tested tissues and highly expressed in the intestine, brain, stomach and gills. After challenge with V. harveyi, CsPRF1l mRNA was markedly upregulated in the liver, spleen, kidney, intestine, gills and skin. In addition, the recombinant CsPRF1l protein exhibited obvious antimicrobial activity against V. harveyi in vitro and in a zebrafish model. Collectively, these data indicate that CsPRF1l modulates host immune defense against V. harveyi invasion and provide clues about the efficacy of rCsPRF1l in fish that will give rise to useful therapeutic applications for V. harveyi infection in C. semilaevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yadong Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ming Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yu Song
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yangzhen Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Fazhen Zhao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Songlin Chen
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory for Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Jakoš T, Pišlar A, Jewett A, Kos J. Cysteine Cathepsins in Tumor-Associated Immune Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2037. [PMID: 31555270 PMCID: PMC6724555 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsins are key regulators of the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. Their expression, activity, and subcellular localization are associated with the distinct development and differentiation stages of immune cells. They promote the activation of innate myeloid immune cells since they contribute to toll-like receptor signaling and to cytokine secretion. Furthermore, they control lysosomal biogenesis and autophagic flux, thus affecting innate immune cell survival and polarization. They also regulate bidirectional communication between the cell exterior and the cytoskeleton, thus influencing cell interactions, morphology, and motility. Importantly, cysteine cathepsins contribute to the priming of adaptive immune cells by controlling antigen presentation and are involved in cytotoxic granule mediated killing in cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Cathepins'aberrant activity can be prevented by their endogenous inhibitors, cystatins. However, dysregulated proteolysis contributes significantly to tumor progression also by modulation of the antitumor immune response. Especially tumor-associated myeloid cells, such as tumor-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which are known for their tumor promoting and immunosuppressive functions, constitute the major source of excessive cysteine cathepsin activity in cancer. Since they are enriched in the tumor microenvironment, cysteine cathepsins represent exciting targets for development of new diagnostic and therapeutic moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Jakoš
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anahid Jewett
- UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Janko Kos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Huang F, Song Y, Chen W, Liu Q, Wang Q, Liu W, Wang X, Wang W. Effects of Candida albicans infection on defense effector secretion by human oral mucosal epithelial cells. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 103:55-61. [PMID: 31136880 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Candida albicans on the production of defense effector molecules by human oral mucosal epithelial cells in vitro. DESIGN Immortalized human oral mucosal epithelial (Leuk-1) cells and C. albicans strain 5314 were cocultured at different cell-to-C. albicans ratios. The viability of Leuk-1 cells was determined by MTT and RTCA measurements. The secretory levels of multiple defense effector molecules were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Our results indicated that C. albicans significantly decreased the secretion of IgG, cystatin C, lactoferrin, and TGF-β1 in a dose-dependent manner and remarkably reduced the production of IgA independent of the cell-to-C. albicans ratio. However, C. albicans clearly enhanced the secretion of IgM, galectin-3, P-selectin, granzyme B and perforin. CONCLUSION These results suggest that C. albicans may exert a regulatory role in the defense response of oral mucosal epithelial cells by altering secretory levels of defense effector molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Huang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuefeng Song
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Weida Liu
- Department of Mycology, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Disease and STIs, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Deficiency of perforin and hCNT1, a novel inborn error of pyrimidine metabolism, associated with a rapidly developing lethal phenotype due to multi-organ failure. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1182-1191. [PMID: 30658162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleotides are essential for a vast number of cellular processes and dysregulation of pyrimidine metabolism has been associated with a variety of clinical abnormalities. Inborn errors of pyrimidine metabolism affecting enzymes in the pyrimidine de novo and degradation pathway have been identified but no patients have been described with a deficiency in proteins affecting the cellular import of ribonucleosides. In this manuscript, we report the elucidation of the genetic basis of the observed uridine-cytidineuria in a patient presenting with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, persistent lactate acidosis, severely disturbed liver enzymes and ultimately multi-organ failure. Sequence analysis of genes encoding proteins directly involved in the metabolism of uridine and cytidine showed two variants c.1528C > T (p.R510C) and c.1682G > A (p.R561Q) in SLC28A1, encoding concentrative nucleotide transporter 1 (hCNT1). Functional analysis showed that these variants affected the three-dimensional structure of hCNT1, altered glycosylation and decreased the half-life of the mutant proteins which resulted in impaired transport activity. Co-transfection of both variants, mimicking the trans disposition of c.1528C > T (p.R510C) and c.1682G > A (p.R561Q) in the patient, significantly impaired hCNT1 biological function. Whole genome sequencing identified two pathogenic variants c.50delT; p.(Leu17Argfs*34) and c.853_855del; p.(Lys285del) in the PRF1 gene, indicating that our patient was also suffering from Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis type 2. The identification of two co-existing monogenic defects might have resulted in a blended phenotype. Thus, the clinical presentation of isolated hCNT1 deficiency remains to be established.
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12
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Transfusion requirements and 30-day mortality predictors for adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Int J Hematol 2018; 108:485-490. [PMID: 30043331 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-018-2504-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by an uncontrolled hyper-inflammatory response. We assessed the transfusion requirements and predictors of 30-day mortality for adult HLH patients. We identified all adult patients with a diagnosis of HLH at a large academic hospital from October 2003 through February 2017. We extracted patients' clinical and laboratory data, including transfusion requirements, from their medical records. One-hundred sixteen patients were identified. Their median age was 48 years (range 18-82); 72(62%) were male. Median duration of hospital stay was 19 days (range 1-89 days). At 30 days from admission, 81(70%) patients were alive. Death was attributed to sepsis in 21 patients, lymphoma in six, bleeding in four, GVHD in one, liver failure in one, metastatic solid tumor in one, and unknown in one. Transfusion requirements at 30 days from admission were as follows: RBC, 86% of patients, median 6 units (range 1-58); platelets, 74% of patients, median 6 units (1-67); plasma, 40% of patients, median 4 units (1-56). Renal failure (OR = 4.39; P = 0.008) and hypofibrinogenemia (OR = 4.07; P = 0.009) correlated with 30-day mortality. The transfusion requirements for adult HLH patients were high. Our study indicated that renal insufficiency and hypofibrinogenemia are predictors of early death in adult HLH.
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13
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Lee F, Lawrence DA. From Infections to Anthropogenic Inflicted Pathologies: Involvement of Immune Balance. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 21:24-46. [PMID: 29252129 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1412212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A temporal trend can be seen in recent human history where the dominant causes of death have shifted from infectious to chronic diseases in industrialized societies. Human influences in the current "Anthropocene" epoch are exponentially impacting the environment and consequentially health. Changing ecological niches are suggested to have created health transitions expressed as modifications of immune balance from infections inflicting pathologies in the Holocene epoch (12,000 years ago) to human behaviors inflicting pathologies beginning in the Anthropocene epoch (300 years ago). A review of human immune health and adaptations responding to environmental (biological, chemical, physical, and psychological) stresses, which are influenced by social conditions, emphasize the involvement of fluctuations in immune cell subsets affecting influential gene-environment interactions. The literature from a variety of fields (anthropological, immunological, and environmental) is incorporated to present an expanded perspective on shifts in diseases within the context of immune balance and function and environmental immunology. The influences between historical and contemporary human ecology are examined in relation to human immunity. Several examples of shifts in human physiology and immunity support the premise that increased incidences of chronic diseases are a consequence of human modification of environment and lifestyle. Although the development of better health care and a broader understanding of human health have helped with better life quality and expectancy, the transition of morbidity and mortality rates from infections to chronic diseases is a cause for concern. Combinations of environmental stressors/pollutants and human behaviors and conditions are modulating the immune-neuroendocrine network, which compromises health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lee
- a Department of Anthropology , University at Albany , Albany , NY , USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- b Wadsworth Center/New York State Department of Health , Albany , NY , USA
- c Biomedical Sciences and Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany, School of Public Health , Albany , NY , USA
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14
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Parasa VR, Forsslund H, Enger T, Lorenz D, Kullberg S, Eklund A, Sköld M, Wahlström J, Grunewald J, Brighenti S. Enhanced CD8 + cytolytic T cell responses in the peripheral circulation of patients with sarcoidosis and non-Löfgren's disease. Respir Med 2017; 138S:S38-S44. [PMID: 29055517 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of CD4+ T cells in the immunopathogenesis of pulmonary sarcoidosis is well-established, while less is known about the phenotype and function of CD8+ cytolytic T cells (CTLs). METHODS CD8+ CTLs were explored in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples obtained from up to 25 patients with sarcoidosis and 25 healthy controls. The proportion of CTLs was assessed by the expression of cytolytic effector molecules perforin, granzyme B and granulysin in CD8+ T cells, using flow cytometry. Cytolytic function in blood lymphocytes was assessed using a standard 51Cr-release assay. Patients with Löfgren´s syndrome (LS) and an acute disease onset, were compared to non-LS patients with an insidious onset. RESULTS Higher proportions of peripheral CD8+ CTLs expressing perforin and granzyme B were observed in sarcoidosis compared to healthy controls. Blood CTLs from non-LS patients had significantly higher expression of perforin, granzyme B and granulysin compared to matched BAL, while LS patients maintained lower levels of effector molecules in both compartments. Mitogen-stimulated peripheral lymphocytes from sarcoidosis patients, particularly from the non-LS group, showed a higher target cell lysis compared to controls. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated enhanced peripheral CD8+ CTL responses in sarcoidosis, especially in non-LS patients who have an increased risk of chronic disease. Further comprehensive clinical studies are warranted to increase our understanding of CD8+ CTL responses in sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Ramanarao Parasa
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Forsslund
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Enger
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Lorenz
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Kullberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Eklund
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sköld
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Wahlström
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Karolinska Institutet, Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanna Brighenti
- Karolinska Institutet, Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Otrock ZK, Hock KG, Riley SB, de Witte T, Eby CS, Scott MG. Elevated serum ferritin is not specific for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ann Hematol 2017; 96:1667-1672. [PMID: 28762079 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-017-3072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, potentially fatal, syndrome of excessive and ineffective activation of the immune system. The majority of the reported data on HLH is from pediatric patients and lacks specificity. This makes HLH diagnosis challenging especially in adults where HLH is triggered by many conditions and can resemble many disease entities. Elevated ferritin is one of the diagnostic criteria for HLH. We determined the conditions associated with elevated ferritin at our medical center to assess how specific ferritin is for predicting HLH. We retrospectively reviewed all ferritin results >10,000 μg/L in pediatric and adult patients. The most common condition associated with elevated ferritin was hematologic malignancy in adults (25.7%) and HLH in pediatric patients (48.9%). HLH was diagnosed in 14.2% of adults and 48.9% of children with ferritin >10,000 µg/L. Hyperferritinemia occurs in a variety of conditions and is not specific for adult or pediatric HLH. Common causes of elevated ferritin should be considered before entertaining the possibility of HLH, especially in adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaher K Otrock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Karl G Hock
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Sarah B Riley
- Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Theo de Witte
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Charles S Eby
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mitchell G Scott
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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16
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Otrock ZK, Daver N, Kantarjian HM, Eby CS. Diagnostic Challenges of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2017; 17S:S105-S110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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17
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Lopizzo N, Tosato S, Begni V, Tomassi S, Cattane N, Barcella M, Turco G, Ruggeri M, Riva MA, Pariante CM, Cattaneo A. Transcriptomic analyses and leukocyte telomere length measurement in subjects exposed to severe recent stressful life events. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1042. [PMID: 28221367 PMCID: PMC5438034 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stressful life events occurring in adulthood have been found able to affect mood and behavior, thus increasing the vulnerability for several stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, although there is plenty of clinical data supporting an association between stressful life events in adulthood and an enhanced vulnerability for psychopathology, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly investigated. Thus, in this study we performed peripheral/whole-genome transcriptomic analyses in blood samples obtained from 53 adult subjects characterized for recent stressful life events occurred within the previous 6 months. Transcriptomic data were analyzed using Partek Genomics Suite; pathway and network analyses were performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and GeneMANIA Software. We found 207 genes significantly differentially expressed in adult subjects who reported recent stressful life experiences (n=21) compared with those without such experiences (n=32). Moreover, the same subjects exposed to such stressful experiences showed a reduction in leukocyte telomere length. A correlation analyses between telomere length and transcriptomic data indicated an association between the exposures to recent stressful life events and the modulation of several pathways, mainly involved in immune-inflammatory-related processes and oxidative stress, such as natural killer cell signaling, interleukin-1 (IL-1) signaling, MIF regulation of innate immunity and IL-6 signaling. Our data suggest an association between exposures to recent stressful life events in adulthood and alterations in the immune, inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, which could be also involved in the negative effect of stressful life events on leukocyte telomere length. The modulation of these mechanisms may underlie the clinical association between the exposure to recent Stressful life events in adulthood and an enhanced vulnerability to develop psychiatric diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lopizzo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy
| | - S Tosato
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - V Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - S Tomassi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - N Cattane
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy
| | - M Barcella
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Turco
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M Ruggeri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - M A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C M Pariante
- Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, London, UK
| | - A Cattaneo
- Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Fatebenefratelli S. Giovanni di Dio, Brescia, Italy,Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, London, UK,Stress, Psychiatry and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK. E-mail:
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18
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Honke N, Shaabani N, Merches K, Gassa A, Kraft A, Ehrhardt K, Häussinger D, Löhning M, Dittmer U, Hengel H, Recher M, Lang PA, Lang KS. Immunoactivation induced by chronic viral infection inhibits viral replication and drives immunosuppression through sustained IFN-I responses. Eur J Immunol 2015; 46:372-80. [PMID: 26507703 PMCID: PMC5063111 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Acute or chronic viral infections can lead to generalized immunosuppression. Several mechanisms, such as immunopathology of CD8+ T cells, inhibitory receptors, or regulatory T (Treg) cells, contribute to immune dysfunction. Moreover, patients with chronic viral infections usually do not respond to vaccination, a finding that has not been previously explained. Recently, we reported that CD169+ macrophages enforce viral replication, which is essential for guaranteeing antigen synthesis and efficient adaptive immune responses. In the present study, we used a chronic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection mouse model to determine whether this mechanism is affected by chronic viral infection, which may impair the activation of adaptive immunity. We found that enforced viral replication of a superinfecting virus is completely blunted in chronically infected mice. This absence of enforced viral replication in CD169+ macrophages is not explained by CD8+ T‐cell‐mediated immunopathology but rather by prolonged IFN‐I responses. Consequently, the absence of viral replication impairs both antigen production and the adaptive immune response against the superinfecting virus. These findings indicate that chronic infection leads to sustained IFN‐I action, which is responsible for the absence of an antiviral immune response against a secondary viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Honke
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Namir Shaabani
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katja Merches
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Asmae Gassa
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Kraft
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katrin Ehrhardt
- Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Max Löhning
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin and German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute of Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Hengel
- Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mike Recher
- Clinic for Primary Immunodeficiency, Medical Outpatient Unit and Immunodeficiency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp A Lang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karl S Lang
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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19
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Lim TK, Ko FWS, Thomas PS, Grainge C, Yang IA. Year in review 2014: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and airway biology. Respirology 2015; 20:510-8. [PMID: 25682705 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tow Keang Lim
- Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
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