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Bladder cancer. Mol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1017/cbo9781139046947.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family expression levels in urothelial bladder carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 209:99-104. [PMID: 23333248 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases family plays an important role in cell cycle regulation. Overexpression of ErbB receptors has been described in several solid tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 expression in bladder cancer. Urinary bladder tumor samples were obtained from 33 bladder cancers and 7 non-cancerous bladder biopsies. The levels of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes expression in bladder cancer were determined by real-time PCR. The presence of protein was confirmed by immunostaining. Expression of ErbB1, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes increased 0.67, 4.72, 2.89, and 2.65-fold, respectively, in bladder tumors as compared with normal tissue. There was a significant difference between immunostaining results of ErbB4 protein in bladder tumors and normal bladder tissue (P<0.01). The present data suggest that ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 genes may have a role in bladder cancer tumorigenesis.
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Sadeghi S, Garcia JA. Current Status of Targeted Therapy in Metastatic Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder. Semin Oncol 2012; 39:608-14. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kompier LC, Lurkin I, van der Aa MNM, van Rhijn BWG, van der Kwast TH, Zwarthoff EC. FGFR3, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and PIK3CA mutations in bladder cancer and their potential as biomarkers for surveillance and therapy. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13821. [PMID: 21072204 PMCID: PMC2972209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fifty percent of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MI-BC) die from their disease and current chemotherapy treatment only marginally increases survival. Novel therapies targeting receptor tyrosine kinases or activated oncogenes may improve outcome. Hence, it is necessary to stratify patients based on mutations in relevant oncogenes. Patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMI-BC) have excellent survival, however two-thirds develop recurrences. Tumor specific mutations can be used to detect recurrences in urine assays, presenting a more patient-friendly diagnostic procedure than cystoscopy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To address these issues, we developed a mutation assay for the simultaneous detection of 19 possible mutations in the HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS genes. With this assay and mutation assays for the FGFR3 and PIK3CA oncogenes, we screened primary bladder tumors of 257 patients and 184 recurrences from 54 patients. Additionally, in primary tumors p53 expression was obtained by immunohistochemistry. Of primary tumors 64% were mutant for FGFR3, 11% for RAS, 24% for PIK3CA, and 26% for p53. FGFR3 mutations were mutually exclusive with RAS mutations (p = 0.001) and co-occurred with PIK3CA mutations (p = 0.016). P53 overexpression was mutually exclusive with PIK3CA and FGFR3 mutations (p≤0.029). Mutations in the RAS and PIK3CA genes were not predictors for recurrence-free, progression-free and disease-specific survival. In patients presenting with NMI-BC grade 3 and MI-BC, 33 and 36% of the primary tumors were mutant. In patients with low-grade NMI-BC, 88% of the primary tumors carried a mutation and 88% of the recurrences were mutant. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The mutation assays present a companion diagnostic to define patients for targeted therapies. In addition, the assays are a potential biomarker to detect recurrences during surveillance. We showed that 88% of patients presenting with low-grade NMI-BC are eligible for such a follow-up. This may contribute to a reduction in the number of cystoscopical examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irene Lurkin
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bas W. G. van Rhijn
- Department of Urology, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Theo H. van der Kwast
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is a common malignancy worldwide that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although superficial tumors can often be treated effectively, invasive cancers not only require invasive surgery, but are also refractory to aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this issue of Genes & Development, Puzio-Kuter and colleagues (pp. 675-680) describe an elegant genetically engineered murine model of bladder cancer that recapitulates many of the cardinal features of the human disease. The development of such models together with the application of new approaches to enumerate the complement of genetic alterations in bladder will provide new insights into the molecular nature of this disease. Moreover, the anatomy of this urinary malignancy provides a unique opportunity for innovative translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan E Rosenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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6
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Stec AA, Cookson MS, Chang SS. Detection of Extravesical Disease: A Lack of Bladder Cancer Markers. Bladder Cancer 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-417-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Sirintrapun SJ, Parwani AV. Molecular Pathology of the Genitourinary Tract: Prostate and Bladder. Surg Pathol Clin 2008; 1:211-36. [PMID: 26837907 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of cellular mechanisms in tumors of the prostate and bladder has grown exponentially. Molecular technologies have led to the discovery of TMPRSS2 in prostate cancer and the molecular pathways distinguishing low- and high-grade urothelial neoplasms. UroVysion with fluorescence in situ hybridization is already commonplace as an adjunct to cytologic diagnosis of urothelial neoplasms. This trend portends the future in which classification and diagnosis of tumors of the prostate and bladder through morphologic analysis will be supplemented by molecular information correlating with prognosis and targeted therapy. This article outlines tumor molecular pathology of the prostate and bladder encompassing current genomic, epigenomic, and proteonomic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Joseph Sirintrapun
- Pathology Informatics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anil V Parwani
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Shadyside Hospital, Room WG 07, 5230 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
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8
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Shen YJ, Ye DW, Yao XD, Trink B, Zhou XY, Zhang SL, Dai B, Zhang HL, Zhu Y, Guo Z, Wu G, Nagpal J. Overexpression of CDC91L1 (PIG-U) in bladder urothelial cell carcinoma: correlation with clinical variables and prognostic significance. BJU Int 2007; 101:113-9. [PMID: 17941920 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.2007.07192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate cell division cycle 91-like 1 (CDC91L1; also called phosphatidylinositol glycan class U, PIG-U) expression in bladder cancer at both the mRNA and protein levels, and to study its clinical and prognostic significance, as CDC91L1 was recently identified as a new oncogene in human bladder cancer and its role in the biological behaviour of bladder cancer is largely unknown. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 73 bladder tumours and 14 samples of normal bladder urothelium were studied by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The normalized CDC91L1 mRNA copy number in tumours was significantly greater than in normal controls (P < 0.05). There was overexpression of CDC91L1 mRNA in 30.1% (22/73) of the bladder tumours compared with the normal urothelium. At the protein level, 75.3% (55/73) of the bladder tumours and two of 14 of the normal urothelium had high expression of CDC91L1 protein, which is statistically significant (P < 0.001). The correlation between CDC91L1 protein and tumour grade, and muscle invasion of tumour was significant (both P < 0.05). In addition to tumour extent and tumour grade, CDC91L1 protein was an independent predictor of recurrence for superficial bladder cancer and had a trend to predict tumour progression. CONCLUSIONS CDC91L1 (PIG-U) plays a role in the development of bladder urothelial cell carcinoma. CDC91L1 protein might be a potential biomarker for prediction of recurrence and a therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jun Shen
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Mo L, Zheng X, Huang HY, Shapiro E, Lepor H, Cordon-Cardo C, Sun TT, Wu XR. Hyperactivation of Ha-ras oncogene, but not Ink4a/Arf deficiency, triggers bladder tumorigenesis. J Clin Invest 2007; 117:314-25. [PMID: 17256055 PMCID: PMC1770948 DOI: 10.1172/jci30062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Accepted: 11/27/2006] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although ras is a potent mitogenic oncogene, its tumorigenicity depends on cellular context and cooperative events. Here we show that low-level expression of a constitutively active Ha-ras in mouse urothelium induces simple urothelial hyperplasia that is resistant to progression to full-fledged bladder tumors even in the absence of Ink4a/Arf. In stark contrast, doubling of the gene dosage of the activated Ha-ras triggered early-onset, rapidly growing, and 100% penetrant tumors throughout the urinary tract. Tumor initiation required superseding a rate-limiting step between simple and nodular hyperplasia, the latter of which is marked by the emergence of mesenchymal components and the coactivation of AKT and STAT pathways as well as PTEN inactivation. These results indicate that overactivation of Ha-ras is both necessary and sufficient to induce bladder tumors along a low-grade, noninvasive papillary pathway, and they shed light on the recent findings that ras activation, via point mutation, overexpression, or intensified signaling from FGF receptor 3, occurs in 70%-90% of these tumors in humans. Our results highlight the critical importance of the dosage/strength of Ha-ras activation in dictating its tumorigenicity--a mechanism of oncogene activation not fully appreciated to date. Finally, our results have clinical implications, as inhibiting ras and/or its downstream effectors, such as AKT and STAT3/5, could provide alternative means to treat low-grade, superficial papillary bladder tumors, the most common tumor in the urinary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Mo
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Zheng
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hong-Ying Huang
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ellen Shapiro
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Herbert Lepor
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Carlos Cordon-Cardo
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tung-Tien Sun
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Urology and
Department of Pharmacology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Division of Molecular Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Department of Cell Biology and
Department of Dermatology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Habuchi T, Marberger M, Droller MJ, Hemstreet GP, Grossman HB, Schalken JA, Schmitz-Dräger BJ, Murphy WM, Bono AV, Goebell P, Getzenberg RH, Hautmann SH, Messing E, Fradet Y, Lokeshwar VB. Prognostic markers for bladder cancer: International Consensus Panel on bladder tumor markers. Urology 2005; 66:64-74. [PMID: 16399416 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2005] [Accepted: 08/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The International Consensus Panel on cytology and bladder tumor markers evaluated markers that have the ability to predict tumor recurrence, progression, development of metastases, or response to therapy or patient survival. This article summarizes those findings. The panel mainly reviewed articles listed in PubMed on various prognostic indicators for bladder cancer. Based on these studies, most of which were case-control retrospective studies, various prognostic indicators were classified into 6 groups: (1) microsatellite-associated markers, (2) proto-oncogenes/oncogenes, (3) tumor suppressor genes, (4) cell cycle regulators, (5) angiogenesis-related factors, and (6) extracellular matrix adhesion molecules. The panel concluded that although certain markers, such as Ki-67 and p53, appear to be promising in predicting recurrence and progression of bladder cancer, the data are still heterogeneous. The panel recommends that identifying definitive criteria for test positivity, a clearly defined patient population, standardization of techniques used to evaluate markers, and clearly specified endpoints and statistical methods will help to bring accurate independent prognostic indicators into the clinical management of patients with bladder cancer.
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Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is unique among epithelial carcinomas in its divergent pathways of tumorigenesis. Low-grade papillary tumours rarely become muscle-invasive and they frequently harbour gene mutations that constitutively activate the receptor tyrosine kinase-Ras pathway. By contrast, most high-grade invasive tumours progress to life-threatening metastases and have defects in the p53 and the retinoblastoma protein pathways. Correcting pathway-specific defects represents an attractive strategy for the molecular therapy of urothelial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ru Wu
- Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
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de Pinieux G, Colin D, Vincent-Salomon A, Couturier J, Amsellem-Ouazana D, Beuzeboc P, Vieillefond A. Confrontation of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization for the assessment of HER-2/ neu (c-erbb-2) status in urothelial carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2004; 444:415-9. [PMID: 15029496 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-004-0986-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2003] [Accepted: 12/20/2003] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Specific treatments targeted toward oncogenes expressed in cancer cells are currently under development. Patients with urothelial carcinomas showing HER-2/ neu (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) overexpression are candidates for such a specific treatment (trastuzumab). However, to be effective, this therapeutic approach requires an extremely reliable evaluation of HER-2/ neu status in tumors. In order to assess the status of expression of this gene and to optimize its assessment, we analyzed a series of 64 primary urothelial carcinomas using immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the CB11 monoclonal antibody coupled with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in 21 cases. Strong HER-2/ neu overexpression was detected using IHC in 15 of the 64 (23%) cases analyzed, and this rate rose to 33% for patients with metastases. HER-2/ neu overexpression, as revealed using IHC, is strongly associated (95%) with gene amplification assessed using FISH. Patients with urothelial carcinomas overexpressing HER-2/ neu using IHC are potential candidates for targeted chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzague de Pinieux
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du faubourg Saint Jacques, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France
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Pich A, Chiusa L, Formiconi A, Galliano D, Bortolin P, Comino A, Navone R. Proliferative activity is the most significant predictor of recurrence in noninvasive papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential and grade 1 papillary carcinomas of the bladder. Cancer 2002; 95:784-90. [PMID: 12209722 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder cannot be predicted accurately by traditional criteria alone. This study examined the value of cell proliferative activity, morphometry, and expression of p53, c-erbB-2, and bcl-2 oncogenes in predicting recurrence of superficial papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (LMP) and Grade 1 (G1) papillary carcinomas of the bladder. METHODS Sixty-two patients (mean age, 62 years) with newly diagnosed superficial pTa bladder tumors (19 LMP, and 43 G1) were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent transurethral resection (TUR). Median follow-up was 69 months. Serial sections from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material at initial TUR were stained with monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) DO7, CB11, and bcl-2-124. Cell proliferation was assessed by MIB-1 MoAb, the quantity of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (AgNORs), and mitotic count. RESULTS Of the 62 patients, 42 (67.7%) had one or more recurrences. Recurrence rates were higher in MIB-1 (P < 0.0001) and p53 immunopositive cases (P = 0.02), when the mitotic count was greater than 5 (P = 0.004), and in G1 carcinomas (P = 0.04). In univariate analysis, the disease-free period was shorter for MIB-1 (P < 0.0001) and p53 immunopositive (P = 0.0001) cases, for cases with high AgNOR quantity (P = 0.04), mitotic count greater than 5 (P = 0.01), and in G1 carcinomas (P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, only MIB-1 immunoreactivity retained independent prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS Despite the small cohort, the results confirm the prognostic value of cell proliferation and p53 expression in patients with bladder neoplasms. The results also indicate that MIB-1 immunopositivity is the most significant predictor of recurrence and disease-free survival in superficial LMP and G1 papillary bladder carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achille Pich
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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Pich A, Chiusa L, Formiconi A, Galliano D, Bortolin P, Navone R. Biologic differences between noninvasive papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential and low-grade (grade 1) papillary carcinomas of the bladder. Am J Surg Pathol 2001; 25:1528-33. [PMID: 11717543 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200112000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the expression of oncogenes p53, c-erbB-2, and bcl-2 and cell proliferative activity in 62 newly diagnosed superficial pTa papillary bladder tumors. Based on the 1998 World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) and 1999 WHO classifications, 19 were urothelial neoplasias of low malignant potential (LMP) and 43 low-grade (grade 1) papillary carcinomas. All the patients underwent transurethral resection and were followed up to 97 months; 42 had recurrences. Initial biopsies were tested for p53, c-erbB-2, and bcl-2 proteins using DO7, CB11, and bcl-2 124 monoclonal antibodies. Cell proliferation was assessed by MIB-1 mAb and mitotic count. LMP had significantly lower MIB-1 (p = 0.002) and p53 immunopositivity (p = 0.03), mitotic count (p = 0.006), and recurrence rates (p = 0.04) than did grade 1 cases, whereas no difference was observed for c-erbB-2 and bcl-2 expression. The median disease-free survival for LMP was 76 months but only 15 months for grade 1 cases (p = 0.002). Although the cohort is small, the results indicate that the distinction between LMP and low-grade (grade 1) papillary urothelial neoplasias, as proposed by the 1998 WHO/ISUP and 1999 WHO classifications, reflects different biologic activity and clinical behavior; however, a long-term follow-up is advisable also for patients with LMP.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antigens, Nuclear
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Papillary/mortality
- Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology
- Carcinoma, Papillary/surgery
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/surgery
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Ki-67 Antigen
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/mortality
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgery
- Urothelium/metabolism
- Urothelium/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pich
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Pathology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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15
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16
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YE DINGWEI, LI HUI, QIAN SONGXI, SUN YINGHAO, ZHENG JIAFU, MA YONGJIANG. bcl-2/bax EXPRESSION AND p53 GENE STATUS IN HUMAN BLADDER CANCER: RELATIONSHIP TO EARLY RECURRENCE WITH INTRAVESICAL CHEMOTHERAPY AFTER RESECTION. J Urol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(01)62233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DINGWEI YE
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - HUI LI
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - SONGXI QIAN
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - YINGHAO SUN
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - JIAFU ZHENG
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - YONGJIANG MA
- From the Departments of Urology and Endocrinology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Tsujii H, Gospodarowicz M, Bolla M, Fujita K, Hudson M, Mitsuhashi N, Roberts J, Shimazaki J. The place of radiotherapy for localized invasive bladder cancer. Urol Oncol 1998; 4:145-53. [DOI: 10.1016/s1078-1439(99)00014-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/1999] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gibas
- Department of Pathology, Saint Mary Medical Center, Langhorne, PA 19047, USA
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19
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Novara R, Coda R, Martone T, Vineis P. Exposure to aromatic amines and ras and c-erbB-2 overexpression in bladder cancer. J Occup Environ Med 1996; 38:390-3. [PMID: 8925323 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-199604000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the bladder biopsies of six bladder cancer patients exposed to high levels of 2-naphthylamine and benzidine, 11 unexposed bladder cancer patients, six subjects with benign conditions of the bladder, and 16 healthy subjects. Immunohistochemical analysis of the p21 and p185 protein products, for overexpression of ras and c-erbB-2 oncogenes, was performed. Overexpression of ras was found in four of six exposed cancer patients, 3 of 11 unexposed cancer patients, zero of six benign disease patients, and zero of 16 healthy subjects. The odds ratio for ras overexpression, comparing exposed with unexposed cases, was 5.3 (90% confidence interval 0.6 to 64). Overexpression of c-erB-2 was apparently not associated with occupational exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Novara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Oncologia Umana, Turin, Italy
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