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Fikry E, Orfali R, El-Sayed SS, Perveen S, Ghafar S, El-Shafae AM, El-Domiaty MM, Tawfeek N. Potential Hepatoprotective Effects of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana against Methotrexate-Induced Liver Injury: Integrated Phytochemical Profiling, Target Network Analysis, and Experimental Validation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2118. [PMID: 38136237 PMCID: PMC10740566 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) therapy encounters significant limitations due to the significant concern of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), which poses a significant challenge to its usage. To mitigate the deleterious effects of MTX on hepatic function, researchers have explored plant sources to discover potential hepatoprotective agents. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of the ethanolic extract derived from the aerial parts of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (CLAE) against DILI, specifically focusing on MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was used to identify 61 compounds in CLAE, with 31 potential bioactive compounds determined through pharmacokinetic analysis. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 195 potential DILI targets for the bioactive compounds, including TP53, IL6, TNF, HSP90AA1, EGFR, IL1B, BCL2, and CASP3 as top targets. In vivo experiments conducted on rats with acute MTX-hepatotoxicity revealed that administering CLAE orally at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day for ten days dose-dependently improved liver function, attenuated hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and reversed the disarrayed hepatic histological features induced by MTX. In general, the findings of the present study provide evidence in favor of the hepatoprotective capabilities of CLAE in DILI, thereby justifying the need for additional preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Fikry
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (A.M.E.-S.); (N.T.)
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaimaa S. El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA;
| | - Safina Ghafar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Azza M. El-Shafae
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (A.M.E.-S.); (N.T.)
| | - Maher M. El-Domiaty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (A.M.E.-S.); (N.T.)
| | - Nora Tawfeek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.F.); (A.M.E.-S.); (N.T.)
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Abdel-Wahab WM, Daifalla NS, Essawy AE. L-methionine protects against nephrotoxicity induced by methotrexate through modulation of redox status and inflammation. Redox Rep 2023; 28:2270886. [PMID: 37931136 PMCID: PMC10629423 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2270886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug used in the treatment of cancer and autoimmune disorders; however, its clinical use is limited because of serious side effects including renal toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Lmethionine (L-Met) on MTX toxicity in the kidneys of rats.Methods: Thirty male rats were divided equally into five groups: control (saline), Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met), MTX (20 mg/kg MTX), MTX-Met300 (300 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX), and MTX-Met400 (400 mg/kg L-Met and 20 mg/kg MTX). Rats were euthanized one day after the last dose administration (day 16) and serum and renal tissue samples were collected. Renal function and injury indices, oxidative stress/antioxidant indices and proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated.Results: The results showed that L-Met could effectively counteract the nephrotoxic effects of MTX, in a dose-related manner, by improving most of the tested parameters. Furthermore, the higher dose of L-Met was able to restore several parameters to normal levels. In addition, investigation of MTX-induced hematological changes revealed a corrective potential of L-Met.Conclusion: L-Met can be an effective adjuvant therapy to modulate renal toxicity associated with MTX because of its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wessam M. Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Daifalla
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amina E. Essawy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Gürler M, Selçuk EB, Özerol BG, Tanbek K, Taşlıdere E, Yıldız A, Yağın FH, Gürel E. Protective effect of dexpanthenol against methotrexate-induced liver oxidative toxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:708-716. [PMID: 35655424 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2084103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate is a familiar chemotherapeutic preferred in a wide range of clinical fields such as leukemia, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, neoplastic and autoimmune disorders. However, methotrexate therapy has limitations as it causes severe side effects from which liver damage is the most important one. Several antioxidant compounds have been studied against methotrexate related liver toxicity, but dexpanthenol has not been experienced. Vitamin B5-derived dexpanthenol is a usual therapeutic having a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ameliorating effect of dexpanthenol against methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity. We performed our experiments on Wistar albino rats divided randomly into four groups involving control, dexphantenol, dexpanthenol + methotrexate and methotrexate applied animals. After this experimental work on rats, for the first time, we showed dexpanthenol improvement effect on ROS-caused hepatotoxicity initiated by methotrexate administration in terms of liver tissue antioxidant/oxidant enzymes, liver function tests, and histological changes. We suggest that dexpanthenol might be applied during methotrexate treatment in order to reduce the liver toxicity. However, further studies are needed to find out the optimal dose regimen and to understand the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukaddes Gürler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty of Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Engin Burak Selçuk
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Beyza Güzide Özerol
- Department of Family Medicine, Yesilyurt Hasan Çalık State Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Kevser Tanbek
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elif Taşlıdere
- Department of Histology, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Azibe Yıldız
- Department of Histology, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Hilal Yağın
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Elif Gürel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Tomitsuka Y, Imaeda H, Ito H, Asou I, Ohbayashi M, Ishikawa F, Kuwata H, Hara S. Gene deletion of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 attenuates xenobiotic chemical-induced lung injury via the suppression of lipid peroxidation. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102850. [PMID: 37586249 PMCID: PMC10450978 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL) 4 converts polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) into their acyl-CoAs and plays an important role in maintaining PUFA-containing membrane phospholipids. Here we demonstrated decreases in various kinds of PUFA-containing phospholipid species in ACSL4-deficient murine lung. We then examined the effects of ACSL4 gene deletion on lung injury by treating mice with two pulmonary toxic chemicals: paraquat (PQ) and methotrexate (MTX). The results showed that ACSL4 deficiency attenuated PQ-induced acute lung lesion and decreased mortality. PQ-induced lung inflammation and neutrophil migration were also suppressed in ACSL4-deficient mice. PQ administration increased the levels of phospholipid hydroperoxides in the lung, but ACSL4 gene deletion suppressed their increment. We further found that ACSL4 deficiency attenuated MTX-induced pulmonary fibrosis. These results suggested that ACSL4 gene deletion might confer protection against pulmonary toxic chemical-induced lung injury by reducing PUFA-containing membrane phospholipids, leading to the suppression of lipid peroxidation. Inhibition of ACSL4 may be promising for the prevention and treatment of chemical-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tomitsuka
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroki Imaeda
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Haruka Ito
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Isaki Asou
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohbayashi
- Division of Pharmacotherapeutics, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ishikawa
- Center for Biotechnology, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuwata
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Hara
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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van Sleen Y, van der Geest KSM, Huckriede ALW, van Baarle D, Brouwer E. Effect of DMARDs on the immunogenicity of vaccines. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:560-575. [PMID: 37438402 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-00992-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are important for protecting individuals at increased risk of severe infections, including patients undergoing DMARD therapy. However, DMARD therapy can also compromise the immune system, leading to impaired responses to vaccination. This Review focuses on the impact of DMARDs on influenza and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, as such vaccines have been investigated most thoroughly. Various data suggest that B cell depletion therapy, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine and abatacept substantially reduce the immunogenicity of these vaccines. However, the effects of glucocorticoids, methotrexate, TNF inhibitors and JAK inhibitors on vaccine responses remain unclear and could depend on the dosage and type of vaccination. Vaccination is aimed at initiating robust humoral and cellular vaccine responses, which requires efficient interactions between antigen-presenting cells, T cells and B cells. DMARDs impair these cells in different ways and to different degrees, such as the prevention of antigen-presenting cell maturation, alteration of T cell differentiation and selective inhibition of B cell subsets, thus inhibiting processes that are necessary for an effective vaccine response. Innovative modified vaccination strategies are needed to improve vaccination responses in patients undergoing DMARD therapy and to protect these patients from the severe outcomes of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick van Sleen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Kornelis S M van der Geest
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anke L W Huckriede
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth Brouwer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Wroński J, Ciechomska M, Kuca-Warnawin E. Impact of methotrexate treatment on vaccines immunogenicity in adult rheumatological patients - Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115254. [PMID: 37542854 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of new biological and synthetic targeted therapies, methotrexate remains one of the most commonly used immunomodulatory drugs in rheumatology. However, its effect on the immunogenicity of vaccines has been studied only to a limited extent until recently, resulting in the lack of clear guidelines on the use of methotrexate during vaccination. Significant progress was made during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the dynamic development of research on vaccines, including patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. In the following literature review, we present a summary of what we know so far on the impact of methotrexate on post-vaccination response in adult rheumatology patients, taking into account the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on the effect of methotrexate on the immunogenicity of influenza, pneumococcal, herpes zoster, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis, hepatitis A, yellow fever, and COVID-19 vaccines are described in detail, including the effect of methotrexate on the humoral and cellular response of individual vaccines. The available evidence for recommendations for withholding methotrexate in the post-vaccination period is presented. Lastly, an overview of potential immunological mechanisms through which MTX modulates the immunogenicity of vaccinations is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Wroński
- Department of Rheumatology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Ciechomska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kuca-Warnawin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
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Lupea-Chilom DS, Solovan CS, Farcas SS, Gogulescu A, Andreescu NI. Latent Tuberculosis in Psoriasis Patients on Biologic Therapies: Real-World Data from a Care Center in Romania. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1015. [PMID: 37374219 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic and inflammatory condition that has a huge impact on the patient's quality of life. Biological treatment improved psoriasis therapy, with impressive results seen in the evolution of the disease and the patient's quality of life. However, the risk of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection reactivation is well-known to biological therapy, which raises problems especially in an endemic country. Materials and Methods: In this study, we followed moderate to severe psoriasis patients who had latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) following treatment with a biological therapy approved in Romania. Results: The patients were evaluated at baseline and then followed-up with Mantoux tests and chest X-rays every year, resulting in 54 patients being diagnosed with LTBI. At the initial evaluation, 30 patients with LTBI were identified, and 24 more were identified during biological therapy. These patients were given prophylactic treatment. Out of the 97 participants in this retrospective study, 25 required association of methotrexate (MTX) alongside biological therapy. We compared the prevalence of positive Mantoux tests in patients with combined therapy with that of patients only on biological treatment, and the results were higher in the combined therapy group. Conclusion: All the patients in the study were vaccinated against tuberculosis (TB) after birth, and none were diagnosed with active tuberculosis (aTB) before or after the start of therapy according to the pulmonologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doriana-Sorina Lupea-Chilom
- Department of Dermatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş", Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Caius Silviu Solovan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş", Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Sorina Farcas
- Department of Microscopic Morphology-Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Armand Gogulescu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babeş", Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology-Genetics, Center of Genomic Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Iaconis D, Caccuri F, Manelfi C, Talarico C, Bugatti A, Filippini F, Zani A, Novelli R, Kuzikov M, Ellinger B, Gribbon P, Riecken K, Esposito F, Corona A, Tramontano E, Beccari AR, Caruso A, Allegretti M. DHFR Inhibitors Display a Pleiotropic Anti-Viral Activity against SARS-CoV-2: Insights into the Mechanisms of Action. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051128. [PMID: 37243214 DOI: 10.3390/v15051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, drug repurposing represented an effective strategy to obtain quick answers to medical emergencies. Based on previous data on methotrexate (MTX), we evaluated the anti-viral activity of several DHFR inhibitors in two cell lines. We observed that this class of compounds showed a significant influence on the virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) partly attributed to the intrinsic anti-metabolic activity of these drugs, but also to a specific anti-viral function. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms, we took advantage of our EXSCALATE platform for in-silico molecular modelling and further validated the influence of these inhibitors on nsp13 and viral entry. Interestingly, pralatrexate and trimetrexate showed superior effects in counteracting the viral infection compared to other DHFR inhibitors. Our results indicate that their higher activity is due to their polypharmacological and pleiotropic profile. These compounds can thus potentially give a clinical advantage in the management of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients already treated with this class of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Iaconis
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Caccuri
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Candida Manelfi
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Talarico
- EXSCALATE, Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Via Tommaso De Amicis, 95, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella Bugatti
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Filippini
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Zani
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rubina Novelli
- Dompè Famaceutici SpA, Via Campo di Pile snc, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Kuzikov
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Philip Gribbon
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Angela Corona
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS554, 09042 Monserrato (CA), Italy
| | | | - Arnaldo Caruso
- Section of Microbiology Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Cheng DH, Huang ZG. Therapeutic drug monitoring of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in circulating leukocytes in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01243-8. [PMID: 37160525 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is one of the main challenges of modern medicine. Although a number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are available, there is wide variability in clinical response to treatment among individuals. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) has been proposed to optimize treatment; however, some patients still experience unsatisfactory outcomes, although the blood concentrations of drugs in these patients remain in the therapeutic range. One possible reason for this is that the conventional samples (e.g., whole blood or plasma) used in TDM may not accurately reflect drug concentrations or concentrations of their metabolites at the target site. Hence, more refined TDM approaches to guide clinical decisions related to dose optimization are necessary. Circulating leukocytes or white blood cells have a critical role in driving the inflammatory process. They are recruited to the site of injury, infection and inflammation, and the main target of small molecule DMARDs is within immune cells. Given this, assaying drug concentrations in leukocytes has been proposed to be of possible relevance to the interpretation of outcomes. This review focuses on the clinical implications and challenges of drug monitoring of DMARDs in peripheral blood leukocytes from therapeutic or toxicological perspectives in IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao-Hai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Zhen-Guang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Manna K, Khan ZS, Saha M, Mishra S, Gaikwad N, Bhakta JN, Banerjee K, Das Saha K. Manjari Medika Grape Seed Extract Protects Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Inflammation: Involvement of NF-κB/NLRP3 and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling System. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:467-492. [PMID: 36785716 PMCID: PMC9922067 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s338888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Grape Seed Extract is a natural source of various polyphenols, which have been shown to possess potent antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities. The earlier studies have reported that grape seed extract exhibits broad-spectrum pharmacological activities. Therefore, studying the hepatoprotective effects and elucidation of mechanisms of action of the Indian Variety, Manjari Medika grape seed extract (GSE), may give an insight into therapeutic benefits. Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line pharmacological therapy for different rheumatic diseases. The major adverse events such as hepatotoxicity are evident even in the low doses used for the treatment. The present study investigated the role of MTX on hepatic damage in murine liver and the plausible protective effects of the Indian grape variety, Manjari Medika grape seed extract, in ameliorating it. Methods and Results To assess the hepatological modulation, mice were divided into eight groups to investigate the ameliorative potential of this GSE (75 and 125 mg/kg) and correlate the experimental findings. The active components of the extract were assessed through UPLC-(ESI)-QToF-MS analysis. On the other hand, various biochemical and immunological indices were carried out to correlate the experimental data. The result demonstrated that the prophylactic administration of GSE reduced MTX-induced hepatic toxicity indices, which subsequently restored the hepatic morphological architecture. Moreover, the application of GSE in a dual dosage (75 and 125 mg/kg) suppressed MTX-induced reactive oxygen species generation, followed by lipid peroxidation and cellular nitrite formation. MTX-induced inflammasome activation through the redox-assisted cascade of TLR4/NF-κB signaling was further reduced by applying the GSE. The results showed that the activation of cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 enhanced the level of endogenous antioxidants. Furthermore, through the regulation of TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 axis, this extract could reduce the MTX-mediated hepatic damage. Conclusion Our findings suggest that Manjari Medika seed extract could be used as a therapeutic agent to relieve the side effects of MTX and other hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnendu Manna
- Department of Food & Nutrition, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Zareen S Khan
- National Referral Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India
| | - Moumita Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Snehasis Mishra
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Nilesh Gaikwad
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Pomegranate, Solapur, Maharashtra, 413255, India
| | - Jatindra Nath Bhakta
- Department of Food & Nutrition, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- National Referral Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India,Kaushik Banerjee, National Referral Laboratory, ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India, Email
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India,Correspondence: Krishna Das Saha, Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India, Tel +91 33 2499 5810, Fax +91 33 2473 5197, Email
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11
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Arokia Femina T, Barghavi V, Archana K, Swethaa NG, Maddaly R. Non-uniformity in in vitro drug-induced cytotoxicity as evidenced by differences in IC 50 values - implications and way forward. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2023; 119:107238. [PMID: 36521817 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2022.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell lines have proven indispensable for in vitro experiments and their utility as experimental models range from understanding the fundamental cell functioning to drug discovery. One of the most common utility of cell lines is for in vitro drug testing. Drug testing involves determining the cytotoxic effects of the drugs and such a measurement is expressed as the IC50 values of drugs. Although determination of IC50 values of drugs on cell lines is one of the most common in vitro experimental approaches, a significant amount of variations can be observed in the results obtained from such studies. Although the variations in the IC50 values of a drug on different cells lines can and should vary, the non-uniformity of such results reported from different studies using a particular drug on a specific cell line is a matter of concern. We present the IC50 values of 5 most commonly used drugs 5-fluorouracil, bleomycin, cisplatin, doxorubicin and methotrexate obtained from several in vitro cell line-based studies. Some of the factors which contribute to the non-uniformity of the IC50 values for a particular drug from different studies are discussed as three types of factors, the biological, non-biological and human factors. Also, ways in which such variations can be reduced to obtain universally common, reliable results are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Arokia Femina
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India
| | - V Barghavi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India
| | - K Archana
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India
| | - N G Swethaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Anna University, Guindy, Chennai 600 025, India
| | - Ravi Maddaly
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600116, India.
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12
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Panchal V, Vyas BH, Sivasubramanian BP, Panchal K, Patel H. A Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Effectiveness and Safety of Upadacitinib in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients With Inadequate Response to Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs. Cureus 2023; 15:e34384. [PMID: 36874682 PMCID: PMC9976645 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Upadacitinib, an oral Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is used to manage rheumatoid arthritis. The objective was to generate statistical evidence from the existing data for upadacitinib efficacy and safety in various treatment regimens with different dosages in active rheumatoid arthritis patients. We searched PubMed, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov using PRISMA guidelines, providing data on the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib versus placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. 20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology (ACR20) score response at 12 weeks was the primary outcome measure. Safety in adverse events, infections, or hepatic dysfunction was considered. The Mantel-Haenszel formula with random effect was used for the pooled odds ratio (OR) at a 95% confidence interval (CI) for dichotomous data. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan version 5.4. Statistical heterogeneity was reported using I2 statistics; I2 > 75% was considered significant heterogeneity. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Data from 3233 patients were included in the analysis. The use of upadacitinib was associated with increased rates of achieving an ACR20 response compared with placebo (pooled OR 3.71; 95% CI 3.26-4.23; p-value <0.00001). Compared to a placebo, a 12 mg twice daily dose had the greatest effect, followed by a 15 mg once daily dose. Compared to the placebo, the incidence of any adverse event (pooled OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.36-2.02; p-value 0.0001) and infection (pooled OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.23-1.74; p-value 0.001) was found to be significantly higher in upadacitinib. Other adverse events, such as hepatic disorders and herpes zoster infections, were not statistically significant (p-value> 0.05). Maximum adverse events were seen at 12 mg twice daily. Upadacitinib, 15 mg once daily in combination with Methotrexate, was the most efficacious treatment regimen and was not associated with a significant risk for treatment-related adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viraj Panchal
- Internal Medicine, Smt Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Bhavya H Vyas
- Internal Medicine, Smt Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Barath Prashanth Sivasubramanian
- Internal Medicine, Employees' State Insurance Corporation Medical College and Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Kanan Panchal
- Radiology, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Harshank Patel
- Internal Medicine, Smt Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
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13
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Marin G, Neag M, Burlacu C, Buzoianu A. The Protective Effects of Nutraceutical Components in Methotrexate-Induced Toxicity Models—An Overview. Microorganisms 2022; 10:2053. [PMID: 36296329 PMCID: PMC9608860 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are multiple concerns associated with methotrexate (MTX), widely recognized for anti-neoplastic and anti-inflammatory effects in life-threatening disease conditions, i.e., acute lymphoblastic leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis, due to long-term side effects and associated toxicity, which limits its valuable potential. MTX acts as an inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, leading to suppression of purine and pyrimidine synthesis in high metabolic and turnover cells, targeting cancer and dysregulated immune cells. Due to low discrimination between neoplastic cells and naturally high turnover cells, MTX is prone to inhibiting the division of all fast-dividing cells, causing toxicity in multiple organs. Nutraceutical compounds are plant-based or food-derived compounds, used for their preventive and therapeutic role, ascertained in multiple organ dysfunctions, including cardiovascular disease, ischemic stroke, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Gut microbiota and microbiota-derived metabolites take part in multiple physiological processes, their dysregulation being involved in disease pathogenesis. Modulation of gut microbiota by using nutraceutical compounds represents a promising therapeutic direction to restore intestinal dysfunction associated with MTX treatment. In this review, we address the main organ dysfunctions induced by MTX treatment, and modulations of them by using nutraceutical compounds. Moreover, we revealed the protective mechanisms of nutraceuticals in MTX-induced intestinal dysfunctions by modulation of gut microbiota.
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Ma C, Wang J, Hong F, Yang S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091216. [PMID: 36139055 PMCID: PMC9496243 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic autoimmune disease with complex etiology, is characterized by excessive proliferation of synovial cells, massive production of inflammatory cells and cartilage destruction. Studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in promoting the occurrence of RA. Mitochondria with normal structure and function are essential for the normal survival of chondrocytes and synovial cells. Once mitochondrial function is destroyed, it will affect the survival, activation and differentiation of immune cells and non-immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of RA, thus leading to the occurrence of RA. However, the mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA remains unclear. This article reviews the method of mitochondrial dysfunction leading to RA, the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on immune cells, the etiology of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA, and the pathology of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA. We also outline some drugs that can exert therapeutic effects on RA which are associated with modulating mitochondrial activity. The understanding and summary of mitochondrial dysfunction in RA may provide new research directions for pathological intervention and prevention of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ma
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Mary School, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Graduate, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, China
| | - Fenfang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
| | - Shulong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China
- Department of Physiology, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344099, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); or (S.Y.)
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Abstract
Ferroptosis is a kind of regulatory cell death (RCD) caused by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, which is characterized by mitochondrial morphological changes and has a complex regulatory network. Ferroptosis has been gradually emphasized in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. In this review, we summarized the relevant research on ferroptosis in various inflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis, gout arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, and focused on the relationship between RA and ferroptosis. In patients with RA and animal models of RA, there was evidence of iron overload and lipid peroxidation, as well as mitochondrial dysfunction that may be associated with ferroptosis. Ferroptosis inducers have shown good application prospects in tumor therapy, and some anti-rheumatic drugs such as methotrexate and sulfasalazine have been shown to have ferroptosis modulating effects. These phenomena suggest that the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis will be worth further study. The development of therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis for patients with inflammatory arthritis may be a promising future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengshi Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bikui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fen Li,
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Ermurat S, Güler Kazanci E, Toka DI, Ayar K, Eren FK, Neşelioğlu S. Evaluation of thiol/disulfide hemostasis and serum Ischemia modified albumin as oxidative stress biomarkers in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relationship with major organ involvement and disease activity. Lupus 2022; 31:1355-1366. [PMID: 35850631 DOI: 10.1177/09612033221115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare thiol/disulfide hemostasis and serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels, which are indicators of oxidative stress (OS), in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the healthy control (HC) group and to evaluate the relationship of these parameters with disease activity and major organ involvement. MATERIAL-METHODS Eighty-four SLE patients and 96 HCs were included in this study. The disease activity of SLE patients was calculated using The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Patients with SLEDAI-2K ≤ 5 were classified as low disease activity (LDA) and those with SLEDAI-2K > 6 as high disease activity (HDA). Thiol/disulfide hemostasis was evaluated using a new automated method and natural thiol (NT), total thiol (TT), disulfide (SS) levels, SS/NT, SS/TT, NT/TT ratios, and serum IMA levels were recorded. RESULTS NT and TT levels were significantly lower (490.11 ± 123.61 vs 536.96 ± 86.05, p = 0.003) (532.56 ± 125.80 vs 565.72 ± 89.82, p = 0.046), SS level (21.22 ± 11.75 vs 13.37 ± 9.31, p < 0.001) was higher, and SS/TT (4.64 ± 2.93 vs 2.52 ± 1.82, p < 0.001) and SS/NT (4.12 ± 2.33 vs 2.35 ± 1.59, p < 0.001) ratios were significantly higher in SLE patients compared to HCs. IMA values were not different between the two groups (p = 0.920). NT (449.84 ± 136.98 vs 520.32 ± 104.11, p = 0.012) and TT levels (492.01 ± 138.45±562.97 ± 107.09, p = 0.013) were significantly lower and serum IMA levels (0.802 ± 0.089 vs 0.764 ± 0.040, p = 0.023) were significantly higher in SLE patients with HDA than in LDA patients. There was a weak negative correlation between NT (r = -0.284, p=0.009) (r = -0.291, p = 0.007) and TT levels (r = -0.281, p = 0.010) (r = -0.289, p = 0.008) and a weak positive correlation between IMA levels (r = 0.279, p = 0.011) (r = 0.263, p = 0.016) and SLEDAI-2K, and major organ involvement. CONCLUSION It is thought that thiol/disulfide hemostasis and IMA levels may be used as ideal biomarkers of OS in SLE patients and may reflect the disease activity and major organ involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selime Ermurat
- Pediatric Hematology, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Elif Güler Kazanci
- Pediatric Hematology, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Dilara Isiyel Toka
- Internal Medicine, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Koray Ayar
- Pediatric Hematology, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Rheumatology, 147003Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
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Ben Mrid R, Bouchmaa N, Ainani H, El Fatimy R, Malka G, Mazini L. Anti-rheumatoid drugs advancements: New insights into the molecular treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113126. [PMID: 35643074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of more than 100 types of arthritis. This chronic autoimmune disorder affects the lining of synovial joints in about 0.5% of people and may induce severe joints deformity and disability. RA impacts health life of people from all sexes and ages with more prevalence in elderly and women people. Significant improvement has been noted in the last two decades revealing the mechanisms of the development of RA, the improvement of the early diagnosis and the development of new treatment options. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) remain the most known treatments used against RA. However, not all patients respond well to these drugs and therefore, new solutions are of immense need to improve the disease outcomes. In the present review, we discuss and highlight the recent findings concerning the different classes of RA therapies including the conventional and modern drug therapies, as well as the recent emerging options including the phyto-cannabinoid and cell- and RNA-based therapies. A better understanding of their mechanisms and pathways might help find a specific target against inflammation, cartilage damage, and reduce side effects in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reda Ben Mrid
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Hassan Ainani
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Gabriel Malka
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Loubna Mazini
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43150 Ben-Guerir, Morocco.
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18
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Gertel S, Polachek A, Elkayam O, Furer V. Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) regulatory T cells: An evolving biomarker for treatment response in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2022; 21:103085. [PMID: 35341974 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) comprise a CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell subset for maintaining immune tolerance, and their deficits and/or dysfunction are observed in autoimmune diseases. The lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3, also known as CD223), which is an immunoglobulin superfamily member expressed on peripheral immune cells, is recognized as an inhibitory regulator of Tregs. LAG-3+ T cells represent a novel protective Tregs subset that produces interleukin-10. Alterations in LAG-3+ Tregs have been reported in several autoimmune diseases, suggesting their potential pathogenic role. Recent studies have indicated that LAG-3+ Tregs may be associated not only with immunopathology but also with response to therapy in several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and others. We present a review of Tregs phenotypes and functions, with a focus on LAG-3+ Tregs, and discuss their potential role as biomarkers for treatment response in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smadar Gertel
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Ari Polachek
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Elkayam
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Furer
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Huang T, Tong H, Zhou H, Wang J, Hu L, Wang Y, Huang Z. ADSC-Exosomes Alleviate MTX-induced Rat Neuronal Damage by Activating Nrf2-ARE Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2022; 72:1334-1344. [PMID: 35322376 PMCID: PMC9170627 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-022-01996-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy and underlying mechanism of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosome (ADSC-exosomes)-mediated protection on methotrexate (MTX)-induced neuronal damage. We established a H2O2-induced oxidative stress model in vitro, as well as an MTX-induced neuronal damage rat model in vivo. We analyzed the effects of ADSC-exosomes on neuronal damage and Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in rats and related mechanisms. The morphological and functional recovery of rat hippocampal neurons by ADSC-exosomes was examined by Nissl staining and modified neurological severity score (mNSS) score. The activation of Nrf2-ARE pathway effectively inhibited H2O2-induced oxidative stress. ADSC-exosomes treatment restored the activity of hippocampal neuronal cells, reduced ROS production, and inhibited hippocampal neuronal cells apoptosis. In in vivo experiments, ADSC-exosomes ameliorates MTX-induced hippocampal neuron damage by triggering Nrf2-ARE pathway, decreasing IL-6, IFN-, and TNF-a levels and TUNEL positive cells in hippocampus, and repairing hippocampal neuronal cell damage. ADSC-exosomes ameliorated MTX-induced neuronal damage and suppressed oxidative stress induced by neuronal damage through the activation of Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongfei Tong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juxiang Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Linglong Hu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yao Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Di L, Shen F, Wen X, Lu Y, Zhu W, Wang M, Da Y. A Randomized Open-Labeled Trial of Methotrexate as a Steroid-Sparing Agent for Patients With Generalized Myasthenia Gravis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:839075. [PMID: 35371086 PMCID: PMC8971191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.839075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and PurposeTwo clinical trials assessing the steroid-sparing effect of methotrexate (MTX) yielded conflicting results. Our objective was to investigate whether MTX would show a steroid-sparing effect in the treatment of generalized myasthenia gravis (MG) patients who fitted Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) Class II and Class III.MethodsWe performed an 18-month prospective, randomized, open-labeled trial of prednisone combined with MTX 10 mg orally every week versus prednisone alone in 40 recently diagnosed MG patients of MGFA Class II and Class III between July 2014 and July 2018. The primary endpoint was the prednisone area under the dose–time curve (AUDTC) from months 3 to 18. Secondary endpoints included changes of the Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis Score (QMG), the Myasthenia Gravis Activity of Daily Living Score (MG-ADL), initial time of prednisone reduction, the median prednisone daily dose in each month, adverse events, and treatment failures in each group.ResultsForty participants were included; among those, 5 individuals withdrew. A total of 35 participants completed 18 months of follow-up (18 in prednisone+MTX, 17 in prednisone group). Combined use of MTX reduced the month 3–18 prednisone AUDTC (prednisone+MTX 5,663.44 ± 1,678.08 mg, prednisone 6,683.94 ± 678.08 mg, p = 0.03, 95% confidence interval -1916.01 to -124.98). The initial times of prednisone reduction were 4.34 ± 1.44 months in the prednisone+MTX group and 5.56 ± 2.05 months in the prednisone group (p = 0.04, 95% CI -2.41 to -0.03). The median daily prednisone dose was significantly lower in the prednisone+MTX group at month 6 and months 9–18. No significant differences were found in QMG and MG-ADL scores between the two groups. No serious drug-related adverse events were observed in both groups.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that MTX has the steroid-sparing ability in generalized MG patients of MGFA Class II and Class III.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=10563 identifier ChiCTR-IPR-15006081.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Di
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Faxiu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Pinggu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmei Wen
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Da
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuwei Da,
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Ali YA, Ahmed AAE, Abd El-Raouf OM, Elkhoely A, Gad AM. Polydatin combats methotrexate-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats: Involvement of biochemical and histopathological assessment. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23019. [PMID: 35174937 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polydatin (PD) is a polyphenolic compound found naturally in many fruits such as grapes. It has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that are of paramount importance for its pharmacological actions. This study aimed to explore possible protective effects of PD against methotrexate (MTX)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. A single oral dose of MTX (14 mg/kg) per week for 2 weeks caused a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) content with a marked increase in transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), pulmonary content of malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Hydroxyproline, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as compared with the control group. Contrarily, daily administration of PD (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days concomitantly with MTX ameliorated MTX-induced pulmonary fibrosis as indicated by mitigation of the previously mentioned biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, the protective effect of PD against pulmonary fibrosis induced by MTX in rats might be attributed to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as anti-fibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola M Abd El-Raouf
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer Elkhoely
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany M Gad
- Department of Pharmacology, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Formerly National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University (East Kantara Branch), New City, Egypt
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22
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Khalaf MM, Hassanein EHM, Shalkami AGS, Hemeida RAM, Mohamed WR. Diallyl Disulfide Attenuates Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Oxidative Injury, Inflammation and Apoptosis and Enhances its Anti-Tumor Activity. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022; 15:213-226. [PMID: 34042041 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210525153111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is used potently for a wide range of diseases. However, hepatic intoxication by MTX hinders its clinical use. OBJECTIVES The present study was conducted to investigate the diallyl disulfide (DADS) ability to ameliorate MTX-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, DADS (50 mg/kg/day, orally), MTX (single i.p. injection of 20 mg/kg) and DADS+MTX. Liver function biomarkers, histopathological examinations, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis biomarkers were investigated. Besides, an in vitro cytotoxic activity study was conducted to explore the modulatory effects of DADS on MTX cytotoxic activity using Caco-2, MCF-7, and HepG2 cells. RESULTS DADS significantly reduced the increased serum activities of ALT, AST, ALP, and LDH. These results were confirmed by the alleviation of liver histopathological changes. It restored the decreased GSH content and SOD activity, while significantly decreased MTX-induced elevations in both MDA and NO2 - contents. The hepatoprotective effects were mechanistically mediated through the up-regulation of hepatic Nrf-2 and the down-regulation of Keap-1, P38MAPK, and NF- κB expression levels. In addition, an increase in Bcl-2 level with a decrease in the expression of both Bax and caspase-3 was observed. The in vitro study showed that DADS increased MTX antitumor efficacy. CONCLUSION DADS potently alleviated MTX-induced hepatotoxicity through the modulation of Keap-1/Nrf-2, P38MAPK/NF-κB and apoptosis signaling pathways and effectively enhanced the MTX cytotoxic effects, which could be promising for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,Egypt
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut,Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef,Egypt
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23
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Bolaños K, Sánchez-Navarro M, Giralt E, Acosta G, Albericio F, Kogan MJ, Araya E. NIR and glutathione trigger the surface release of methotrexate linked by Diels-Alder adducts to anisotropic gold nanoparticles. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 131:112512. [PMID: 34857291 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The administration and controlled release of drugs over time remains one of the greatest challenges of science today. In the nanomaterials field, anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with plasmon bands centered at the near-infrared region (NIR), such as gold nanorods (AuNRs) and gold nanoprisms (AuNPrs), under laser irradiation, locally increase the temperature, allowing the release of drugs. In this sense, temporally controlled drug delivery could be promoted by external stimuli using thermo-reversible chemical reactions, such as Diels-Alder cycloadditions from a diene and a dienophile fragment (compound a). In this study, an antitumor drug (methotrexate, MTX) was linked to plasmonic AuNPs by a Diels-Alder adduct (compound c), which after NIR suffers a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, producing release of the drug (compound b). We obtained two nanosystems based on AuNRs and AuNPrs. Both nanoconstructs were coated with BSA-r8 (Bovine Serum Albumin functionalized with Arg8, all-D octa arginine) in order to increase the colloidal stability and promote internalization of the nanosystems on HeLa and SK-BR-3 cells. In addition, the presence of BSA allows protecting the cargo from being released on the extracellular environment and promotes the photothermal release of the drug in the presence of glutathione (GSH). The nanosystems' drug release profile was evaluated after NIR irradiation in the presence and absence of glutathione (GSH), showing a considerable increase of drug release when NIR light and glutathione were combined. This work broadens the range of possibilities of using two complementary strategies for the controlled release of an antitumor drug from AuNRs and AuNPrs: the photothermal cleavage of a thermolabile adduct controlled by an external stimulus (laser irradiation), complemented with the use of the intracellular metabolite GSH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bolaños
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile; Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Acosta
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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Shalkami AGS, Hassanein EHM, Sayed AM, Mohamed WR, Khalaf MM, Hemeida RAM. Hepatoprotective effects of phytochemicals berberine and umbelliferone against methotrexate-induced hepatic intoxication: experimental studies and in silico evidence. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:67593-67607. [PMID: 34258700 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs are used effectively to manage wide types of malignancies, but their therapeutic use is limited due to their associated hepatic intoxication. The current study sheds light on the effect of phytochemicals berberine (BBR) and umbelliferone (UMB) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatic intoxication. Forty-eight rats were allocated to normal, BBR (50 mg/kg orally for 10 days), UMB (30 mg/kg orally for 10 days), MTX (20 mg/kg at the 5th day), BBR+MTX, and UMB+MTX. With regard to MTX, the results of this investigation reveal potent amelioration of MTX hepatotoxicity by BBR and UMB through reduction of the elevated serum levels of ALT, ALP, AST, and LDH confirmed by the attenuation of histopathological abrasion in liver tissues. BBR and UMB markedly restored antioxidant status. More importantly, BBR resulted in reducing P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38MAPK), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1) genes and enhanced mRNA expression of Nrf-2 (P < 0.05). Interestingly, in silico studies via molecular docking pinpointed the binding modes of BBR and UMB to the binding pocket residues of P38MAPK, NF-κB, and Keap-1 and demonstrated a promising inhibition of Keap-1, P38MAPK, and NF-κB. BBR and UMB reduced the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and apoptotic protein caspase-3 as well as increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Therefore, BBR and UMB may denote promising therapeutic agents that can avert hepatic intoxication in patients receiving MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Menia, 61768, Egypt
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25
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Pina-Jiménez E, Calzada F, Bautista E, Ordoñez-Razo RM, Velázquez C, Barbosa E, García-Hernández N. Incomptine A Induces Apoptosis, ROS Production and a Differential Protein Expression on Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10516. [PMID: 34638856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones are of pharmaceutical interest due their cytotoxic and antitumor properties, which are commonly found within plants of several genera from the Asteraceae family such as the Decachaeta genus. From Decachaeta incompta four heliangolide, namely incomptines A-D have been isolated. In this study, cytotoxic properties of incomptine A (IA) were evaluated on four lymphoma cancer cell lines: U-937, Farage, SU-DHL-2, and REC-1. The type of cell death induced by IA and its effects on U-937 cells were analyzed based on its capability to induce apoptosis and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through flow cytometry with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, dual annexin V/DAPI staining, and dichlorofluorescein 2′,7′-diacetate, respectively. A differential protein expression analysis study was carried out by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) through UPLC-MS/MS. Results reveal that IA exhibited cytotoxic activity against the cell line U-937 (CC50 of 0.12 ± 0.02 μM) and the incubation of these cells in presence of IA significantly increased apoptotic population and intracellular ROS levels. In the proteomic approach 1548 proteins were differentially expressed, out of which 587 exhibited a fold-change ≥ 1.5 and 961 a fold-change ≤ 0.67. Most of these differentially regulated proteins are involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, glycolytic metabolism, or cytoskeleton structuration.
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26
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Ghoneum M, El-Gerbed MSA. Human placental extract ameliorates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via regulating antioxidative and anti-inflammatory responses. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2021; 88:961-971. [PMID: 34505929 PMCID: PMC8536621 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-021-04349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Methotrexate (MTX) induces hepatotoxicity, limiting its clinical efficacy as a widely known chemotherapy drug. In the current study, we examined the protective effect of human placenta extract (HPE) against MTX-induced liver damage in rats, as well as its ability to regulate antioxidative and anti-inflammatory liver responses. Methods Male rats were orally administered MTX at a daily dose of 5 mg/kg-body-weight in the presence or absence of HPE (10.08 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. We measured the biological effects of MTX and HPE on the levels of liver enzymes, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress biomarkers, and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10)]. In addition, histological examination and histopathological scoring of liver tissues were performed. Results MTX-treated rats showed significantly increased (p < 0.001) liver enzyme levels for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. However, HPE supplementation in MTX-treated rats significantly decreased (p < 0.001) these elevated levels. HPE supplementation also significantly reduced the oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA), reversed the reduction in glutathione (GSH), and markedly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the livers of MTX-treated rats. Furthermore, HPE supplementation significantly decreased the MTX-elevated levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Histopathological examinations showed that MTX produced severe cellular damage and inflammatory lesions in liver tissues, while treatment with HPE improved hepatic histologic architecture. Conclusion HPE has the ability to ameliorate methotrexate-induced liver injury in rats by mechanisms that include boosting antioxidative responses and down-regulating MDA and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamdooh Ghoneum
- Department of Surgery, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, 1621 E. 120th Street, Los Angeles, CA, 90059, USA. .,Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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27
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Misra S, Bagchi A, Sarkar A, Niyogi S, Bhattacharjee D, Chatterjee S, Mondal S, Chattopadhyay A, Saha A, Chatterjee S, Sinhamahapatra P, Chakrabarti P, Chatterjee M, Ghosh A. Methotrexate and theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate synergistically restore the balance between apoptosis and autophagy in synovial fibroblast of RA: an ex vivo approach with cultured human RA FLS. Inflammopharmacology 2021. [PMID: 34350509 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imbalance between apoptosis and autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) is one of the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for their abnormal proliferation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methotrexate (MTX) demonstrated limited efficacy in amending this imbalance in fluid-derived (fd)-FLS. The active compound of black tea Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF3) may be effective in restoring apoptosis-autophagy imbalance in (fd)-FLS. The combined effect of MTX + TF3 upon the same is yet to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of MTX + TF3 on fd-FLS to induce apoptosis and inhibit autophagy through Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress-mediated pathways. METHODS FLS from synovial fluid of 11 RA and 10 osteoarthritis patients were cultured after treatment with MTX/TF3 or a combination of MTX (125 nM) and TF3(10 µM) and the following parameters were evaluated. C-reactive protein, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), angiogenic markers were quantified by ELISA. fd-FLS viability was determined by MTT assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry. ER stress markers were estimated by RT-PCR (IRE1A, spliced-XBP-1) and immunoblotting (Grp78, Hsp70, CHOP, HIF-1α). Immunoblot studies were done to evaluate apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspases) and autophagic (Beclin1, LC3b, p62) proteins. RESULTS MTX (IC25) and TF3 (IC50) both in single doses could down-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory and angiogenic markers. Combinatorial treatment modulated autophagosomal proteins in fd-FLS and induced apoptosis by regulating ER stress response. CONCLUSION Disruption in homeostasis between apoptosis and autophagy in fd-FLS might be an underlying phenomenon in the progression of pathophysiology in RA. Co-administration of MTX + TF3 successfully restored the homeostasis by inducing apoptosis.
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Frohman EM, Villemarette-Pittman NR, Rodriguez A, Glanzman R, Rugheimer S, Komogortsev O, Zamvil SS, Cruz RA, Varkey TC, Frohman AN, Frohman AR, Parsons MS, Konkle EH, Frohman TC. Application of an evidence-based, out-patient treatment strategy for COVID-19: Multidisciplinary medical practice principles to prevent severe disease. J Neurol Sci 2021; 426:117463. [PMID: 33971376 PMCID: PMC8055502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated individuals, families, and institutions throughout the world. Despite the breakneck speed of vaccine development, the human population remains at risk of further devastation. The decision to not become vaccinated, the protracted rollout of available vaccine, vaccine failure, mutational forms of the SARS virus, which may exhibit mounting resistance to our molecular strike at only one form of the viral family, and the rapid ability of the virus(es) to hitch a ride on our global transportation systems, means that we are will likely continue to confront an invisible, yet devastating foe. The enemy targets one of our human physiology's most important and vulnerable life-preserving body tissues, our broncho-alveolar gas exchange apparatus. Notwithstanding the fear and the fury of this microbe's potential to raise existential questions across the entire spectrum of human endeavor, the application of an early treatment intervention initiative may represent a crucial tool in our defensive strategy. This strategy is driven by evidence-based medical practice principles, those not likely to become antiquated, given the molecular diversity and mutational evolution of this very clever "world traveler".
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot M Frohman
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Professor Lawrence Steinman, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | | | - Adriana Rodriguez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook Children's Medical Center, Ft. Worth, TX, United States of America
| | - Robert Glanzman
- Clene Nanomedicine, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT 84121, United States of America.
| | - Sarah Rugheimer
- Department of Physics, University Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Oleg Komogortsev
- Department of Computer Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States of America.
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Roberto Alejandro Cruz
- Department of Neurology, Doctor's Health at Renaissance Health Neurology Institute, United States of America; Department of Neurology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - Thomas C Varkey
- Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, United States of America.
| | | | | | - Matthew S Parsons
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, United States of America; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.
| | | | - Teresa C Frohman
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Professor Lawrence Steinman, Stanford University School of Medicine, United States of America.
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Hassanein EHM, Mohamed WR, Khalaf MM, Shalkami AGS, Sayed AM, Hemeida RAM. Diallyl disulfide ameliorates methotrexate-induced nephropathy in rats: Molecular studies and network pharmacology analysis. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13765. [PMID: 33997994 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a promising chemotherapeutic agent. Its medical use is limited by induced nephropathy. Our study was designed to explore the reno-protective effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS), an organosulfur compound of garlic oil, on MTX-induced nephropathy. Adult rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; normal control, DADS (50 mg kg-1 day-1 , p.o.), MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and DADS+MTX. DADS significantly decreased serum creatinine, urea, uric acid, and albumin levels with an improvement of final body weight. Additionally, DADS markedly attenuated MTX-induced elevations in renal MDA and NO 2 - contents with an increase in GSH content and SOD activity. Mechanistically, DADS effectively down-regulated mRNA expression level of renal p38 and NF-κB. Additionally, DADS positively regulated the NRF2 gene with a remarkable inhibition of Keap-1 gene. Furthermore, DADS up-regulated BCL2 protein and remarkably suppressed the expression of both BAX and caspase-3 proteins. Overall, DADS has favorable renal protection against MTX-induced nephropathy via modulation of Keap-1/NRF2, p38/NF-κB, and BCL2/BAX/caspase-3 signaling. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Diallyl disulfide is one of the organosulfur compounds of garlic oil. Our study demonstrated that DADS substantially alleviated the decline of kidney function and renal injury induced by MTX. The antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties may constitute an important part of its therapeutic applications via regulation of p38/NF-κB, Keap-1/NRF2, and BCL2/BAX/caspase-3 signaling pathways. Therefore, DADS could be a potential therapeutic adjunct in cancer chemotherapy to decrease the associated side effects of MTX. It should be further explored clinically as a protective agent for MTX-treated cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Khalaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Gawad S Shalkami
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Sayed
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A M Hemeida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Deraya University, Menia, Egypt
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30
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Clayton SA, MacDonald L, Kurowska-Stolarska M, Clark AR. Mitochondria as Key Players in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:673916. [PMID: 33995417 PMCID: PMC8118696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.673916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are major energy-producing organelles that have central roles in cellular metabolism. They also act as important signalling hubs, and their dynamic regulation in response to stress signals helps to dictate the stress response of the cell. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory and autoimmune disease with high prevalence and complex aetiology. Mitochondrial activity affects differentiation, activation and survival of immune and non-immune cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. This review outlines what is known about the role of mitochondria in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis, and how current and future therapeutic strategies can function through modulation of mitochondrial activity. We also highlight areas of this topic that warrant further study. As producers of energy and of metabolites such as succinate and citrate, mitochondria help to shape the inflammatory phenotype of leukocytes during disease. Mitochondrial components can directly stimulate immune receptors by acting as damage-associated molecular patterns, which could represent an initiating factor for the development of sterile inflammation. Mitochondria are also an important source of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and facilitate the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which produces cytokines linked to disease symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis. The fact that mitochondria contain their own genetic material renders them susceptible to mutation, which can propagate their dysfunction and immunostimulatory potential. Several drugs currently used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis regulate mitochondrial function either directly or indirectly. These actions contribute to their immunomodulatory functions, but can also lead to adverse effects. Metabolic and mitochondrial pathways are attractive targets for future anti-rheumatic drugs, however many questions still remain about the precise role of mitochondrial activity in different cell types in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Clayton
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy MacDonald
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mariola Kurowska-Stolarska
- Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Clark
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Reddig A, Voss L, Guttek K, Roggenbuck D, Feist E, Reinhold D. Impact of Different JAK Inhibitors and Methotrexate on Lymphocyte Proliferation and DNA Damage. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10071431. [PMID: 33916057 PMCID: PMC8036268 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) represent a new strategy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapy. Still, data directly comparing different JAKis are rare. In the present in vitro study, we investigated the immunomodulatory potential of four JAKis (tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib) currently approved for RA treatment by the European Medicines Agency. Increasing concentrations of JAKi or methotrexate, conventionally used in RA therapy, were either added to freshly mitogen-stimulated or preactivated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), isolated from healthy volunteers. A comparable, dose-dependent inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation was observed in samples treated with tofacitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib, while dosage of filgotinib had to be two orders of magnitude higher. In contrast, antiproliferative effects were strongly attenuated when JAKi were added to preactivated PBMCs. High dosage of upadacitinib and filgotinib also affected cell viability. Further, analyses of DNA double-strand break markers γH2AX and 53BP1 indicated an enhanced level of DNA damage in cells incubated with high concentrations of filgotinib and a dose-dependent reduction in clearance of radiation-induced γH2AX foci in the presence of tofacitinib or baricitinib. Thereby, our study demonstrated a broad comparability of immunomodulatory effects induced by different JAKi and provided first indications, that (pan)JAKi may impair DNA damage repair in irradiated PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Reddig
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-17842
| | - Linda Voss
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (D.R.)
| | - Karina Guttek
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (D.R.)
| | - Dirk Roggenbuck
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany;
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Eugen Feist
- Helios-Department of Rheumatology, Cooperation Partner of the Otto-Von-Guericke-University, 39245 Vogelsang-Gommern, Germany;
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (L.V.); (K.G.); (D.R.)
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Baquero JM, Benítez-Buelga C, Rajagopal V, Zhenjun Z, Torres-Ruiz R, Müller S, Hanna BMF, Loseva O, Wallner O, Michel M, Rodríguez-Perales S, Gad H, Visnes T, Helleday T, Benítez J, Osorio A. Small molecule inhibitor of OGG1 blocks oxidative DNA damage repair at telomeres and potentiates methotrexate anticancer effects. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3490. [PMID: 33568707 PMCID: PMC7876102 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82917-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common oxidative DNA lesion is 8-oxoguanine which is mainly recognized and excised by the 8-oxoG DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), initiating the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Telomeres are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress (OS) which disrupts telomere homeostasis triggering genome instability. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of inactivating BER in OS conditions, by using a specific inhibitor of OGG1 (TH5487). We have found that in OS conditions, TH5487 blocks BER initiation at telomeres causing an accumulation of oxidized bases, that is correlated with telomere losses, micronuclei formation and mild proliferation defects. Moreover, the antimetabolite methotrexate synergizes with TH5487 through induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, which potentiates TH5487-mediated telomere and genome instability. Our findings demonstrate that OGG1 is required to protect telomeres from OS and present OGG1 inhibitors as a tool to induce oxidative DNA damage at telomeres, with the potential for developing new combination therapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Miguel Baquero
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Benítez-Buelga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden.
| | - Varshni Rajagopal
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Zhao Zhenjun
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Raúl Torres-Ruiz
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Müller
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bishoy M F Hanna
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olga Loseva
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Olov Wallner
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Maurice Michel
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Perales
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Helge Gad
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Torkild Visnes
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, 7465, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17121, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK
| | - Javier Benítez
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Osorio
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Szostak B, Machaj F, Rosik J, Pawlik A. Using pharmacogenetics to predict methotrexate response in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:617-626. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1777279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Ha YJ, Lee SM, Mun CH, Kim HJ, Bae Y, Lim JH, Park KH, Lee SK, Yoo KH, Park YB. Methotrexate-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles with near-infrared irradiation for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:146. [PMID: 32552859 PMCID: PMC7302395 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02230-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Despite the advances of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapeutics, several patients do not receive adequate treatment due to the toxicity and/or insufficient response of drugs. The aim of this study is to design photothermally controlled drug release from multifunctional nanoparticles (MNPs) at a near-infrared (NIR) irradiated site to improve therapeutic efficacy for RA and reduce side effects. Methods Au film was deposited onto methotrexate (MTX)-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles, resulting in MTX-loaded MNPs. The synergistic effects of MTX-loaded MNPs with NIR irradiation were investigated using RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Results Upon NIR irradiation, NIR resonance of the Au half-shell generated heat locally, accelerating MTX release from PLGA nanoparticles. In vivo NIR images of MTX-loaded MNPs indicated effective delivery of the MNPs to the inflamed joints. Moreover, in collagen-induced arthritis mice, MTX-loaded MNPs containing 1/1400 of MTX solution (repeated-dose administration) had therapeutic effects comparable to conventional treatment with MTX solution. In vitro experiments showed higher therapeutic efficacy of MTX-loaded MNPs with NIR irradiation than that of chemotherapy alone. Conclusions A combination therapy of MTX-loaded MNP and NIR irradiation showed durable and good treatment efficacy for the suppression of arthritis in a single administration of small dose of MTX. Our results demonstrate that the treatment modality using drug-loaded MNP with NIR irradiation may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA and allow in vivo NIR optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jung Ha
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Lee
- Nanomedical Graduate Program, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Hee Mun
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Nanomedical Graduate Program, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghee Bae
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Lim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Hyung Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kon Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Yoo
- Nanomedical Graduate Program, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Physics, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Immunology and Immunologic Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Welbat JU, Naewla S, Pannangrong W, Sirichoat A, Aranarochana A, Wigmore P. Neuroprotective effects of hesperidin against methotrexate-induced changes in neurogenesis and oxidative stress in the adult rat. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114083. [PMID: 32522593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leads to neurotoxicity. The drug also negatively impacts neurogenesis and memory. Hesperidin (Hsd) is a major flavanoid with multiple beneficial pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective effects. The aim of our study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Hsd against MTX-induced alterations in oxidative stress and neurogenesis. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: 1) a vehicle group, which received saline and propylene glycol, 2) an Hsd group, which was orally administered with Hsd (100 mg/kg) for 21 days, 3) an MTX group, which received MTX (75 mg/kg) by intravenous injection on days 8 and 15, and 4) an MTX + Hsd group, which received both MTX and Hsd. After treatment with MTX, p21-positive cells had increased significantly and doublecortin (DCX) expression in the hippocampus had decreased significantly. Treatment with MTX also increased malondialdehyde (MDA) in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex and decreased levels of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Additionally, there were significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in the MTX group. However, co-treatment with Hsd ameliorated the negative effects of MTX on neurogenesis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest that Hsd may be able to prevent neurotoxic effects of MTX by reducing oxidative stress and enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jariya Umka Welbat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Neuroscience Research and Development Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
| | - Salinee Naewla
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wanassanan Pannangrong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apiwat Sirichoat
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Anusara Aranarochana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Peter Wigmore
- School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Hussein OE, Hozayen WG, Bin-Jumah MN, Germoush MO, Abd El-Twab SM, Mahmoud AM. Chicoric acid prevents methotrexate hepatotoxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammation and up-regulation of PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:20725-20735. [PMID: 32246423 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chicoric acid (CA) is a natural antioxidant with promising hepatoprotective activity. We investigated the potential of CA to prevent methotrexate (MTX) hepatotoxicity, pointing to the role of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and PPARγ. Rats received CA for 15 days and were then injected with MTX at day 16. Blood and tissue samples were collected for analysis at day 19. CA ameliorated liver function markers and mitigated histological alterations in MTX-induced rats. Pre-treatment with CA suppressed reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidants in MTX-induced rats. Moreover, CA upregulated hepatic Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, and PPARγ, and attenuated inflammation. Consequently, CA inhibited apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 expression and suppressing Bax, cytochrome c, and caspase-3 in MTX-administered rats. In conclusion, CA prevented oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver injury induced by MTX by activating Nrf2 /HO-1 signaling and PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia E Hussein
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Walaa G Hozayen
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa M Abd El-Twab
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Frohman EM, Villemarette-Pittman NR, Cruz RA, Longmuir R, Rowe V, Rowe ES, Varkey TC, Steinman L, Zamvil SS, Frohman TC. Part II. high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue for severe COVID-19: An immune stabilization strategy for SARS-CoV-2 induced 'PANIC' attack. J Neurol Sci 2020; 415:116935. [PMID: 32534807 PMCID: PMC7241359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, in Part II of a duology on the characterization and potential treatment for COVID-19, we characterize the application of an innovative treatment regimen for the prevention of the transition from mild to severe COVID-19, as well as detail an intensive immunotherapy intervention hypothesis. We propose as a putative randomized controlled trial that high-dose methotrexate with leucovorin (HDMTX-LR) rescue can abolish ‘PANIC’, thereby ‘left-shifting’ severe COVID-19 patients to the group majority of those infected with SARS-CoV-2, who are designated as having mild, even asymptomatic, disease. HDMTX-LR is endowed with broadly pleiotropic properties and is a repurposed, generic, inexpensive, and widely available agent which can be administered early in the course of severe COVID-19 thus rescuing the critical and irreplaceable gas-exchange alveoli. Further, we describe a preventative treatment intervention regimen for those designated as having mild to moderate COVID-19 disease, but who exhibit features which herald the transition to the severe variant of this disease. Both of our proposed hypothesis-driven questions should be urgently subjected to rigorous assessment in the context of randomized controlled trials, in order to confirm or refute the contention that the approaches characterized herein, are in fact capable of exerting mitigating, if not abolishing, effects upon SARS-CoV-2 triggered ‘PANIC Attack’. Confirmation of our immunotherapy hypothesis would have far-reaching ramifications for the current pandemic, along with yielding invaluable lessons which could be leveraged to more effectively prepare for the next challenge to global health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot M Frohman
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
| | | | - Roberto Alejandro Cruz
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
| | - Reid Longmuir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States of America
| | - Vernon Rowe
- Rowe Neurology Institute, Lenexa, KS, United States of America.
| | | | - Thomas C Varkey
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; The Colangelo College of Business, at Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ, United States of America.
| | - Lawrence Steinman
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America.
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Teresa C Frohman
- Department of Neurology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America; Department of Ophthalmology, The Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States of America.
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Mahmoud AM, Hussein OE, Hozayen WG, Bin-Jumah M, Abd El-Twab SM. Ferulic acid prevents oxidative stress, inflammation, and liver injury via upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in methotrexate-induced rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:7910-7921. [PMID: 31889292 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07532-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury is one of the adverse effects of methotrexate (MTX). Ferulic acid (FA) is an antioxidant phytochemical that confers hepatoprotective efficacy; however, its effect against MTX hepatotoxicity remains unexplored. This study investigated the role of FA in modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, and PPARγ in MTX-administered rats. Following oral FA supplementation for 15 days, rats received a single dose of MTX at day 16 and samples were collected at day 19. MTX provoked multiple histological manifestations, including degenerative changes, steatosis, inflammatory cells infiltration and hemorrhage, and altered serum transaminases, bilirubin, and albumin. Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide were increased in the liver of rats that received MTX. FA prevented all histological alterations, ameliorated liver function markers, suppressed oxidative stress, and boosted antioxidants in MTX-induced rats. FA reduced serum TNF-α and IL-1β, and hepatic NF-κB p65, Bax, and caspase-3, whereas increased Bcl-2, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1, and PPARγ. In conclusion, FA prevented MTX hepatotoxicity by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and PPARγ, and attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mahmoud
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
| | - Omnia E Hussein
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Walaa G Hozayen
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - May Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanaa M Abd El-Twab
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
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Song GG, Lee YH. Comparative efficacy and safety of 15 and 30 mg upadacitinib administered to patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Z Rheumatol 2020; 79:103-11. [PMID: 30725185 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-019-0601-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed the relative efficacy and safety of once-daily administration of 15 and 30 mg upadacitinib (a JAK1-selective inhibitor) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We conducted a Bayesian network meta-analysis to combine the direct and indirect evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in patients with active RA. RESULTS Five RCTs involving 4381 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were 15 pairwise comparisons, including eight direct comparisons and six interventions. The ACR20 response rate was significantly higher in the upadacitinib 15 and 30 mg + MTX (methotrexate) groups than in the MTX group (OR: 4.98, 95% CrI: 2.66-10.10; OR: 4.73, 95% CrI: 2.25-10.98). Adalimumab 40 mg + MTX, upadacitinib 30 mg, and upadacitinib 15 mg groups showed a significantly higher ACR20 response rate than did the MTX group. Ranking probability based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that upadacitinib 15 mg + MTX was likely to achieve the best ACR20 response rate (SUCRA = 0.838), followed by upadacitinib 30 mg + MTX, adalimumab 40 mg + MTX, upadacitinib 30 mg, upadacitinib 15 mg, and MTX (SUCRA = 0.784, 0.495, 0.471, 0.404, and 0.008, respectively). The safety based on the number of serious adverse events (SAEs) did not differ significantly among the six interventions. CONCLUSIONS Upadacitinib 15 and 30 mg administration once daily in combination with MTX was the most efficacious intervention for active RA, with no significant risk for SAEs.
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Previtali V, Petrovic K, Peiró Cadahía J, Troelsen NS, Clausen MH. Auxiliary in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of hydrogen peroxide sensitive prodrugs of methotrexate and aminopterin for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Sun W, Han X, Wu S, Wu J, Yang C, Li X. Unexpected mechanism of colitis amelioration by artesunate, a natural product from Artemisia annua L. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:851-68. [PMID: 31865495 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisinin and its derivatives are known to exert immunosuppressive effects through modulating adaptive immunity. We investigated a novel role of artesunate in regulating innate immunity, including both macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DCs), which are known to involve in DSS-induced colitis. METHODS Effects of artesunate on innate immunity were extensively evaluated, both in vivo using DSS-colitis model with WT and T cell-deficient RAG mice (RAG-/-) and in vitro using cell culture models, including in-depth analyses of MΦ/DC apoptosis and cytokine expression by flow cytometry, Western blot, or immunohistology. RESULTS Unexpectedly, artesunate significantly ameliorated the DSS colitis of both WT and RAG1-/- mice with similar potency, suggesting a mechanism that involves primarily innate rather than adaptive immunity. In vivo mechanistic studies revealed that artesunate markedly induced apoptosis of lamina propria MΦs and DCs and suppressed mucosal TNF-α and IL-12p70 in DSS-colitis. In vitro, artesunate potently induced a dose- and time-dependent apoptosis of murine bone marrow-derived DCs and human THP-1 MΦs, through the caspases-9-mediated intrinsic pathway. Artesunate significantly decreased the secretion of IL-12p40/70 by DCs and TNF-α by MΦs. Furthermore, a combination of artesunate with an immunomodulator (methotrexate/triptolide/azathioprine) exhibited superior potency in promoting apoptosis of MΦs than any individual drug alone. CONCLUSIONS The immunomodulatory mechanism of artesunate in colitis involves a novel and potent induction of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway of proliferating MΦs and DCs and suppression of IL-12 and TNF-α. Artemisinin and its derivatives are promising new therapeutic alternatives for IBD, either alone or in combination with other immunomodulators.
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Bedoui Y, Guillot X, Sélambarom J, Guiraud P, Giry C, Jaffar-Bandjee MC, Ralandison S, Gasque P. Methotrexate an Old Drug with New Tricks. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205023. [PMID: 31658782 PMCID: PMC6834162 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is the first line drug for the treatment of a number of rheumatic and non-rheumatic disorders. It is currently used as an anchor disease, modifying anti-rheumatic drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Despite the development of numerous new targeted therapies, MTX remains the backbone of RA therapy due to its potent efficacy and tolerability. There has been also a growing interest in the use of MTX in the treatment of chronic viral mediated arthritis. Many viruses—including old world alphaviruses, Parvovirus B19, hepatitis B/C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus—have been associated with arthritogenic diseases and reminiscent of RA. MTX may provide benefits although with the potential risk of attenuating patients’ immune surveillance capacities. In this review, we describe the emerging mechanisms of action of MTX as an anti-inflammatory drug and complementing its well-established immunomodulatory activity. The mechanisms involve adenosine signaling modulation, alteration of cytokine networks, generation of reactive oxygen species and HMGB1 alarmin suppression. We also provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of MTX toxic effects. Lastly, we discussed the efficacy, as well as the safety, of MTX used in the management of viral-related rheumatic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Bedoui
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Xavier Guillot
- Service de Rhumatologie, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Jimmy Sélambarom
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Pascale Guiraud
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
| | - Claude Giry
- Laboratoire de biologie, CNR associé des arbovirus, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Marie Christine Jaffar-Bandjee
- Laboratoire de biologie, CNR associé des arbovirus, CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
| | - Stéphane Ralandison
- Service de Rhumatologie-Médecine Interne, CHU Morafeno, Route d'Ivoloina 501, Toamasina, Madagascar.
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Université de La Réunion-Plateforme Technologique CYROI-2, rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, France.
- Pôle de Biologie, secteur Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de la zone de l'Océan Indien (LICE-OI), CHU La Réunion site Félix Guyon, Allée des Topazes, CS11021, 97400 Saint Denis de La Réunion, France.
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Lee YH, Bae SC. Comparative efficacy and safety of baricitinib 2 mg and 4 mg in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis : A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Z Rheumatol 2018; 77:335-42. [PMID: 28097393 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-016-0254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the relative efficacy and safety of once-daily baricitinib 2 mg and 4 mg administration in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS In this network meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in patients with active RA were included. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted to combine the direct and indirect evidence from the RCTs. RESULTS Seven RCTs involving 3461 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were ten pairwise comparisons, including seven direct comparisons and five interventions. The ACR20 response rate was significantly higher in the baricitinib 4 mg in combination with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) group than in the placebo+DMARD group (odds ratio, OR 3.13; 95% credible interval, CrI 2.32-4.33). Compared with the placebo+DMARD group, the baricitinib 4 mg, baricitinib 2 mg + DMARD, and adalimumab 40 mg + methotrexate (MTX) groups showed a significantly higher ACR20 response rate. The ranking probability based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that baricitinib 4 mg + DMARD was likely to elicit the best ACR20 response rate (SUCRA = 0.7930), followed by baricitinib 4 mg (SUCRA = 0.7034), baricitinib 2 mg + DMARD (SUCRA = 0.6304), adalimumab 40 mg + MTX (SUCRA = 0.3687), and placebo+DMARD (SUCRA = 0.0045). By contrast, the safety based on the number of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) did not differ significantly among the five interventions. CONCLUSION Baricitinib 2 mg and 4 mg administered once daily, in combination with DMARD, were efficacious interventions for active RA that had no significant risk of TEAE development.
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Rajitha P, Shammika P, Aiswarya S, Gopikrishnan A, Jayakumar R, Sabitha M. Chaulmoogra oil based methotrexate loaded topical nanoemulsion for the treatment of psoriasis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019; 49:463-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Elens I, Dekeyster E, Moons L, D'Hooge R. Methotrexate Affects Cerebrospinal Fluid Folate and Tau Levels and Induces Late Cognitive Deficits in Mice. Neuroscience 2019; 404:62-70. [PMID: 30703509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous and/or intrathecal administration of the anti-folate drug methotrexate is a common chemotherapeutic procedure in childhood leukemia. Therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of these procedures notwithstanding, the occurrence of late adverse effects remains a cause of clinical concern in leukemia survivors. We propose an experimental mouse model to mimic the impact of methotrexate exposure on brain biochemistry and cell proliferation, as well as behavioral and neurocognitive functioning at adult age. Female C57Bl6/J mouse pups received saline or methotrexate injection (20 mg/kg, i.p.). CSF and serum concentrations of folate metabolites and toxicity makers were analyzed at 4 h, 24 h, and 1 week following injection. Behavioral test battery performance was assessed at adult age (3-4 months). We found acute changes in serum and CSF levels of folate in exposed pups that coincided with increases in CSF Tau, whereas homocysteine in serum and CSF, and CSF levels of pTau were unchanged or remained below detection. In addition, methotrexate injection coincided with diminished hippocampal cell proliferation 1 week after methotrexate injection. At adult age, exposed mice displayed hippocampus-dependent deficits in the Morris water maze, whereas exploration and anxiety-related behaviors were largely unaffected. Particularly during the reference memory (probe) trial after reversal learning, methotrexate-exposed animals were less precise than controls. These findings demonstrate adult neurocognitive sequelae in a mouse model that can be attributed to the biochemical and cellular impact of early-life methotrexate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Elens
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Centre Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eline Dekeyster
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Unit, Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Johnson & Johnson, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lieve Moons
- Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Unit, Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rudi D'Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Bidram E, Sulistio A, Cho HJ, Amini A, Harris T, Zarrabi A, Qiao G, Stewart A, Dunstan DE. Targeted Graphene Oxide Networks: Cytotoxicity and Synergy with Anticancer Agents. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:43523-43532. [PMID: 30495922 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An effective strategy to inhibit endocytosis in cancer cells is presented where modified net-type graphene oxide (GO) sheets, bound with multiple cell surface receptors, are introduced and synthesized as novel anticancer agents. The results suggest that the binding connects GO sheets with neighboring lipid rafts, neutralizes endocytosis, and causes metabolic deprivation. As a result, tumor cell survival and proliferation are reduced. Live cell confocal microscopy imaging reveals that GO-PEGFA (folate-PEGylated GO) (PEG, polyethylene glycol) is internalized by tumor cells, while GO-PEGRGD (tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp PEGylated GO) associates with the external cell membrane (not internalized). In vitro exposure of tumor cells to GO-PEGFA or GO-PEGRGD reduces the cell viability by 35%, compared to 50% reduction using methotrexate (100 μM). The combination of modified GO sheets with methotrexate or doxorubicin shows a greater toxicity (80% reduction in cell viability) than the individual agents. The proposed setup demonstrates a significant synergy in limiting tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Bidram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technologies , University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746 , Iran
| | - Adrian Sulistio
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | | | - Abbas Amini
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering , Western Sydney University , Penrith , NSW 2751 , Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Australian College of Kuwait , Mishref 13015 , Kuwait
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technologies , University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746 , Iran
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AlBasher G, AlKahtane AA, Alarifi S, Ali D, Alessia MS, Almeer RS, Abdel-Daim MM, Al-Sultan NK, Al-Qahtani AA, Ali H, Alkahtani S. Methotrexate-induced apoptosis in human ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV-3 cells via ROS-mediated bax/bcl-2-cyt-c release cascading. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 12:21-30. [PMID: 30588027 PMCID: PMC6301295 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s178510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The communication between a substance and a cell may depend on whether the cell is normal or pathological. The disease cells and drug interaction may occasionally overcome beneficial action of the drug; subsequently, it is important to investigate the effect of the drug in both the normal and target cells. This study aimed to evaluate the methotrexate (MTX) antiproliferative effect and explore the mechanistic approach to investigate the cell death index in SKOV-3 ovarian cells during treatment with MTX. Methods In vitro studies of SKOV-3 cells were examined by tetrazolium assay after exposure to various concentrations of MTX. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, and AO/EtBr staining morphological analysis of necrotic/apoptotic cells were detected; cellular impairment in mitochondria and DNA was confirmed by JC-1 mitotracker/DAPI, respectively, and cell death pathway markers; bax/bcl-2 were analyzed. Results A dose-dependent antiproliferative effect of MTX treatment was observed in SKOV-3 cells; the prominent inhibitory concentration was 40 µM of MTX (P<0.01). The growth inhibition rates of the cancer cells reached 24.07% in MTX. The MTX showed increase in ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA integrity cells collectively advocated the apoptotic cell death at higher concentration. In addition, the results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction also supported the apoptosis by upregulating the bax and downregulating the bcl-2 (P<0.01). Thus the MTX moderately provokes apoptosis. Conclusion Our findings suggest that MTX acts on SKOV-3 cancer cells by increasing intracellular ROS levels, leading to DNA damage and altering the MMP along with apoptotic gene upregulation. This mechanism may provide new therapeutic targets to improve tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadah AlBasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A AlKahtane
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alessia
- Department of Biology, Science College, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud, Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nouf K Al-Sultan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Qahtani
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Research Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Alfaisal University School of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Chemistry Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India,
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Chen
- Department of Cell Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston MA U.S.A
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Feng H, Zhang Z, Meng Q, Jia H, Wang Y, Zhang R. Rapid Response Fluorescence Probe Enabled In Vivo Diagnosis and Assessing Treatment Response of Hypochlorous Acid-Mediated Rheumatoid Arthritis. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2018; 5:1800397. [PMID: 30128246 PMCID: PMC6096987 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis and early assessment of the treatment response of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitates a reliable bioanalytical method for rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the hypochlorous acid (HOCl) biomarker in inflammatory diseases. Herein, two fluorescence probes, Probe-1 and Probe-2 are developed for quantitative monitoring and visualization of inflammatory response-related HOCl levels in vitro and in vivo. In the presence of HOCl, fluorescence "OFF-ON" response is obtained for both the probes as a result of specific HOCl-triggered C=N bond cleavage reaction. Probe-1 and Probe-2 feature rapid response (<4 s), a high degree of sensitivity and selectivity toward HOCl, which allow them to be used for quantification of HOCl in a simulated physiological condition. Using Probe-2 as the probe, fluorescence imaging and flow cytometry analysis of HOCl levels in lysosome of inflammatory mimic cells, visualization of HOCl generation in endotoxin-induced inflammation of adult zebrafish and RA of mice are possible. Probe-2 exhibits high effectiveness for early assessment of the treatment response of HOCl-mediated RA in mice with an antiarthritic drug, methotrexate (MTX). The results demonstrate that Probe-2 is a powerful tool for future studies on diagnosis and monitoring treatment efficiency in a broad range of inflammatory diseases, including RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Feng
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshanLiaoning114051P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshanLiaoning114051P. R. China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshanLiaoning114051P. R. China
| | - Hongmin Jia
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshanLiaoning114051P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshanLiaoning114051P. R. China
| | - Run Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of QueenslandBrisbane4072Australia
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Bae SC, Lee YH. Comparative efficacy and safety of biosimilar-infliximab and originator-infliximab in combination with methotrexate in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 21:922-929. [PMID: 29671942 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the relative efficacy and safety of biosimilar-infliximab and originator-infliximab in combination with methotrexate (MTX) compared to placebo plus MTX in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS We performed a Bayesian network meta-analysis to combine direct and indirect evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and safety of biosimilar + MTX and infliximab + MTX and placebo + MTX (MTX group) in patients with active RA despite treatment with MTX. RESULTS Seven RCts involving 2606 patients met the inclusion criteria. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR)20 response rate was significantly higher in the biosimilar + MTX group than in the MTX group (odds ratio [OR] 3.31, 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.74-6.06). Similarly, the ACR20 response rate was significantly higher in the infliximab + MTX group than in the MTX group (OR 3.15, 95% CrI 1.99-4.70). There was no difference in the ACR20 response rate between the biosimilar+ MTX and infliximab + MTX groups. Ranking probability based on surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) indicated that treatment with biosimilar + MTX had the highest probability of achieving the ACR20 response rate (SUCRA = 0.7964), followed by infliximab + MTX (SUCRA = 0.7018) and MTX alone (SUCRA = 0.0018). The ACR50 and ACR70 response rates showed a similar distribution pattern to the ACR20 response rate. By contrast, the safety based on the number of serious adverse events (SAEs) did not differ significantly among the three interventions. CONCLUSIONS Biosimilar- and originator-infliximab, in combination with MTX, represent effective interventions for active RA, with a low risk of SAEs. No significant difference between biosimilar- and originator-infliximab was found in terms of efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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