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Bao H, Zhang Y, Xin H, Gao Y, Hou Y, Yue G, Wang N, Wang Y, Li C, Liu F, Zhao Y, Kong L. The Construction of Three-Layered Biomimetic Arterial Graft Balances Biomechanics and Biocompatibility for Dynamic Biological Reconstruction. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7609-7620. [PMID: 38405546 PMCID: PMC10882685 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The process of reconstructing an arterial graft is a complex and dynamic process that is subject to the influence of various mechanical factors, including tissue regeneration and blood pressure. The attainment of favorable remodeling outcomes is contingent upon the biocompatibility and biomechanical properties of the arterial graft. A promising strategy involves the emulation of the three-layer structure of the native artery, wherein the inner layer is composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers aligned with blood flow, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility that fosters endothelial cell growth and effectively prevents platelet adhesion. The middle layer, consisting of PCL and polyurethane (PU), offers mechanical support and stability by forming a contractile smooth muscle ring and antiexpansion PU network. The outer layer, composed of PCL fibers with an irregular arrangement, promotes the growth of nerves and pericytes for long-term vascular function. Prioritizing the reconstruction of the inner and outer layers establishes a stable environment for intermediate smooth muscle growth. Our three-layer arterial graft is designed to provide the blood vessel with mechanical support and stability through nondegradable PU, while the incorporation of degradable PCL generates potential spaces for tissue ingrowth, thereby transforming our graft into a living implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - He Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ye Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Guichu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nü Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chun Li
- Shandong Nafeibo Technology Development Co., Ltd, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Fuwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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Nobiletti N, Liu J, Glading AJ. KRIT1-mediated regulation of neutrophil adhesion and motility. FEBS J 2023; 290:1078-1095. [PMID: 36107440 PMCID: PMC9957810 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Loss of Krev interaction-trapped-1 (KRIT1) expression leads to the development of cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM), a disease in which abnormal blood vessel formation compromises the structure and function of the blood-brain barrier. The role of KRIT1 in regulating endothelial function is well-established. However, several studies have suggested that KRIT1 could also play a role in regulating nonendothelial cell types and, in particular, immune cells. In this study, we generated a mouse model with neutrophil-specific deletion of KRIT1 in order to investigate the effect of KRIT1 deficiency on neutrophil function. Neutrophils isolated from adult Ly6Gtm2621(cre)Arte Krit1flox/flox mice had a reduced ability to attach and spread on the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin and exhibited a subsequent increase in migration. However, adhesion to and migration on ICAM-1 was unchanged. In addition, we used a monomeric, fluorescently-labelled fragment of fibronectin to show that integrin activation is reduced in the absence of KRIT1 expression, though β1 integrin expression appears unchanged. Finally, neutrophil migration in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in the lung was decreased, as shown by reduced cell number and myeloperoxidase activity in lavage samples from Krit1PMNKO mice. Altogether, we show that KRIT1 regulates neutrophil adhesion and migration, likely through regulation of integrin activation, which can lead to altered inflammatory responses in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Nobiletti
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Angela J. Glading
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, NY, USA
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Edomskis PP, Dik WA, Sparreboom CL, Nagtzaam NMA, van Oudenaren A, Lambrichts DPV, Bayon Y, van Dongen NNN, Menon AG, de Graaf EJR, Coene PPLO, Lange JF, Leenen PJM. Monocyte response after colorectal surgery: A prospective cohort study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1031216. [PMID: 36389839 PMCID: PMC9647000 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1031216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor resection is the common approach in patients with colorectal malignancy. Profound insight into inflammatory changes that accompany the normal post-operative stress response will establish reference parameters useful for identification of putative complications. Alterations in circulating monocytes might be indicative as these cells are considered to be the most responsive leukocytes to trauma. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the monocyte subset kinetic and phenotypic changes in response to surgery. METHODS Fifty patients undergoing colorectal tumor resection were included in a multicenter prospective cohort study. Blood samples were collected early in the morning prior to surgery and the next days through postoperative day three for flowcytometric analysis. Leukocyte subtypes were identified and expression of activation stage-related markers by monocyte subsets was quantified. RESULTS Changes in leukocyte subset composition and monocyte subset phenotypes were most prominent at the first day postoperatively, after which these parameters typically returned to normal or near-normal preoperative values. The immunophenotypic alterations after surgery were most notable in classical and intermediate monocytes. These included up-regulation of activation markers CD64 and CD62L, but down-regulation of HLA-DR and CD54. Markers of de-activation, CD163 and CD206, were consistently increasingly expressed. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION The current study gives detailed insight into the peripheral blood leukocyte response after colorectal cancer surgery. This form of short-term stress induces a rapid and significant redistribution of immune cells. Immunophenotypic alterations in monocytes as a response to surgery suggest a mixed profile of cellular activation and de-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim P. Edomskis
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willem A. Dik
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cloë L. Sparreboom
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nicole M. A. Nagtzaam
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Adrie van Oudenaren
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Yves Bayon
- Medtronic - Sofradim Production, Trevoux, France
| | | | - Anand G. Menon
- Department of Surgery, IJsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands
| | - Eelco J. R. de Graaf
- Department of Surgery, IJsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands
| | | | - Johan F. Lange
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, IJsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den IJssel, Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. M. Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Li S, Yao JC, Oetjen KA, Krambs JR, Xia J, Zhang J, Schmidt AP, Helton NM, Fulton RS, Heath SE, Turnbull IR, Mbalaviele G, Ley TJ, Walter MJ, Link DC. IL-1β expression in bone marrow dendritic cells is induced by TLR2 agonists and regulates HSC function. Blood 2022; 140:1607-1620. [PMID: 35675516 PMCID: PMC9707400 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) reside in localized microenvironments, or niches, in the bone marrow that provide key signals regulating their activity. A fundamental property of hematopoiesis is the ability to respond to environmental cues such as inflammation. How these cues are transmitted to HSPCs within hematopoietic niches is not well established. Here, we show that perivascular bone marrow dendritic cells (DCs) express a high basal level of Toll-like receptor-1 (TLR1) and TLR2. Systemic treatment with a TLR1/2 agonist induces HSPC expansion and mobilization. It also induces marked alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment, including a decrease in osteoblast activity and sinusoidal endothelial cell numbers. TLR1/2 agonist treatment of mice in which Myd88 is deleted specifically in DCs using Zbtb46-Cre show that the TLR1/2-induced expansion of multipotent HPSCs, but not HSPC mobilization or alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment, is dependent on TLR1/2 signaling in DCs. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is constitutively expressed in both murine and human DCs and is further induced after TLR1/2 stimulation. Systemic TLR1/2 agonist treatment of Il1r1-/- mice show that TLR1/2-induced HSPC expansion is dependent on IL-1β signaling. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome bone marrow revealed that IL1B and TLR1 expression is increased in DCs. Collectively, these data suggest a model in which TLR1/2 stimulation of DCs induces secretion of IL-1β and other inflammatory cytokines into the perivascular niche, which in turn, regulates multipotent HSPCs. Increased DC TLR1/2 signaling may contribute to altered HSPC function in myelodysplastic syndrome by increasing local IL-1β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidan Li
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children’s Hospital, National Center for Children’s Health, Capital Medial University, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juo-Chin Yao
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Karolyn A. Oetjen
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Joseph R. Krambs
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jun Xia
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jingzhu Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Amy P. Schmidt
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Nichole M. Helton
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Robert S. Fulton
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Sharon E. Heath
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Isaiah R. Turnbull
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gabriel Mbalaviele
- Division of Bone and Mineral Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Timothy J. Ley
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Matthew J. Walter
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Daniel C. Link
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Azar A, Bhutta MF, Del-Pozo J, Milne E, Cheeseman M. Trans-cortical vessels in the mouse temporal bulla bone are a means to recruit myeloid cells in chronic otitis media and limit peripheral leukogram changes. Front Genet 2022; 13:985214. [PMID: 36246635 PMCID: PMC9555619 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.985214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic otitis media, inflammation of the middle ear, is a sequel to acute otitis media in ∼8% of children. Chronic otitis media with effusion is the most common cause of childhood deafness and is characterised by effusion of white blood cells into the auditory bulla cavity. Skull flat bones have trans-cortical vessels which are responsible for the majority of blood flow in and out of the bone. In experimental models of stroke and aseptic meningitis there is preferential recruitment of myeloid cells (neutrophils and monocytes) from the marrow in skull flat bones. We report trans-cortical vessels in the mouse temporal bone connect to the bulla mucosal vasculature and potentially represent a means to recruit myeloid cells directly into the inflamed bulla. The mutant mouse strains Junbo (MecomJbo/+) and Jeff (Fbxo11Jf/+) develop chronic otitis spontaneously; MecomJbo/+ mice have highly cellular neutrophil (90%) rich bulla exudates whereas Fbxo11Jf/+ mice have low cellularity serous effusions (5% neutrophils) indicating differing demand for neutrophil recruitment. However we found peripheral leukograms of MecomJbo/+ and Fbxo11Jf/+ mice are similar to their respective wild-type littermate controls with healthy bullae and infer preferential mobilization of myeloid cells from temporal bulla bone marrow may mitigate the need for a systemic inflammatory reaction. The cytokines, chemokines and haematopoietic factors found in the inflamed bulla represent candidate signalling molecules for myeloid cell mobilization from temporal bone marrow. The density of white blood cells in the bulla cavity is positively correlated with extent of mucosal thickening in MecomJbo/+, Fbxo11Jf/+, and EdaTa mice and is accompanied by changes in epithelial populations and bone remodelling. In MecomJbo/+ mice there was a positive correlation between bulla cavity WBC numbers and total bacterial load. The degree of inflammation varies between contralateral bullae and between mutant mice of different ages suggesting inflammation may wax and wane and may be re-initiated by a new wave of bacterial infection. Clearance of white blood cells and inflammatory stimuli from the bulla cavity is impaired and this may create a pro-inflammatory feedback loop which further exacerbates otitis media and delays its resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azar
- Developmental Biology Division, Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Mahmood F. Bhutta
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom
- Department of ENT, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Del-Pozo
- Veterinary Pathology, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Elspeth Milne
- Veterinary Pathology, The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Cheeseman
- Developmental Biology Division, Roslin Institute and The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- Centre for Comparative Pathology, Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Michael Cheeseman,
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Miao C, Fan D. Identification of differentially expressed genes and pathways in diquat and paraquat poisoning using bioinformatics analysis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:678-685. [PMID: 35392760 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2063095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
[Objective] In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and signaling pathways involved in diquat (DQ) and paraquat (PQ) poisoning were identified via bioinformatics analysis, in order to inform the development of novel clinical treatments. [Methods] Raw data from GSE153959 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. DEGs of the DQ vs. control (CON) and PQ vs. CON comparison groups were identified using R, and DEGs shared by the two groups were identified using TBtools. Subsequently, the shared DEGs were searched in the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases, using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, and hub genes were identified using the cytoHubba plug-in in Cytoscape software. Finally, Circos and contrast plots showing the DEGs shared between mouse and human chromosomes were constructed using TBtools. [Results] Thirty- one DEGs shared by the DQ and PQ groups were identified. Enriched biological process terms included positive regulation of cell proliferation and translation. Enriched cellular component terms included extracellular region, intracellular membrane- bounded organelle and mitochondrion. Enriched molecular function terms included transcription factor activity and sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding. Enriched KEGG pathways included the interleukin- 17 signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, and human T- cell leukemia virus 1 infection. The top ten hub genes in the PPI network were Ptgs2, Cxcl2, Csf2, Mmp13, Areg, Plaur, Fosl1, Ereg, Atf3, and Tfrc. Cxcl2, Csf2, and Atf3 played important roles in the mitogen- activated protein kinase signaling pathway. [Conclusions] These pathways and DEGs may serve as targets for gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Miao
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dandan Fan
- Department of Emergency, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Chemical Analysis of Different Fractions from Solidago chilensis Inflorescence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:7612380. [PMID: 34745422 PMCID: PMC8570869 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7612380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Solidago chilensis Meyen (Compositae) is a species native to South America (Brazil) popularly known as arnica. In Brazilian popular medicine, inflorescences and rhizomes of this plant have been used since the end of the 19th century to replace the exogenous and hepatotoxic Arnica montana L. in the treatment of edema and inflammatory pathologies. Although the anti-inflammatory activity of S. chilensis is evidenced in the literature, there is a lack of studies with enriched fractions or compounds isolated from it. The objective of the current study was to characterize phytochemically and to evaluate the pharmacological action in vivo and in vitro of the crude extract and the different fractions (hexane, dichloromethane, acetal, butanolic, and aqueous) isolated from the inflorescence of S. chilensis. The inflorescence crude extract (ScIE) and fractions were administered by intraperitoneal route to mice at different doses. In an LPS-induced pleurisy model, inhibition of leukocyte influx was observed for the ScIE and all fractions tested, as compared to controls. Dichloromethane (ScDicF), butanolic (ScButF), and aqueous (ScAquF) were selected for further analysis as they showed the best inhibitory effects in leukocyte migration and inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production: TNF-α, CXCL1/KC, CXCL2/MIP-2, and CCL11/eotaxin-1. In LPS-stimulated J774A.1 cell line, ScIE and the ScDicF exhibited an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production and downmodulated the COX-2 expression; ScAquF failed to modulate NO production and COX-2 expression. In phytochemical analysis, HPLC-UV-DAD chromatograms of ScDicF and ScAquF showed the main peaks with UV spectrum characteristics of flavonoids; chlorogenic acid and isoquercetin were the most present phytochemicals identified in the ScAquF, and a high number of n-alkanes was found in ScHexF. Our study was the first to address biological effects and correlate them to phytochemically characterized fractions from inflorescences of S. chilensis.
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Chen G, Zhang J, Sheng M, Zhang S, Wu Q, Liu L, Yu B, Kou J. Serum of limb remote ischemic postconditioning inhibits fMLP-triggered activation and reactive oxygen species releasing of rat neutrophils. Redox Rep 2021; 26:176-183. [PMID: 34663202 PMCID: PMC8530488 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2021.1982515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The study explores the protective role of the peripheral serum of limb remote ischemic postconditioning (LRIP) in reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and neutrophil activation, which are responsible for the deleterious reperfusion injury. Methods LRIP was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats by three cycles of 5 min occlusion /5 min reperfusion on the left hind limb. The blood samples were collected before LRIP or 0 and 1 h after LRIP (named SerumSham, SerumLRIP0, SerumLRIP1, respectively). The effects of LRIP serum on ROS level and neutrophils activation were determined. The expression of MyD88-TRAF6-MAPKs and PI3K/AKT pathways in neutrophils were examined. Results When compared with SerumSham, SerumLRIP0 and SerumLRIP1 significantly reduced the ROS released from neutrophils activated by fMLP. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox and multiple ROS-producing related key proteins, such as NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox ser 304, ser 345. MyD88, p-ERK, p-JNK and p-P38 expression of neutrophils were downregulated by SerumLRIP0 and SerumLRIP1. SerumLRIP1 also downregulated p47phox mRNA expression and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) protein expression. Conclusion LRIP serum protects against ROS level and neutrophils activation involving the MyD88-TRAF6-MAPKs. This finding provides new insight into the understanding of LRIP mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease and McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Boyang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junping Kou
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Products, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, Department of Chinese Material Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Abbiati RA, Pourdehnad M, Carrancio S, Pierce DW, Kasibhatla S, McConnell M, Trotter MWB, Loos R, Santini CC, Ratushny AV. Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Modeling of Avadomide-Induced Neutropenia Enables Virtual Clinical Dose and Schedule Finding Studies. AAPS J 2021; 23:103. [PMID: 34453265 PMCID: PMC8397660 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-021-00623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Avadomide is a cereblon E3 ligase modulator and a potent antitumor and immunomodulatory agent. Avadomide trials are challenged by neutropenia as a major adverse event and a dose-limiting toxicity. Intermittent dosing schedules supported by preclinical data provide a strategy to reduce frequency and severity of neutropenia; however, the identification of optimal dosing schedules remains a clinical challenge. Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) modeling offers opportunities for virtual screening of efficacy and toxicity levels produced by alternative dose and schedule regimens, thereby supporting decision-making in translational drug development. We formulated a QSP model to capture the mechanism of avadomide-induced neutropenia, which involves cereblon-mediated degradation of transcription factor Ikaros, resulting in a maturation block of the neutrophil lineage. The neutropenia model was integrated with avadomide-specific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models to capture dose-dependent effects. Additionally, we generated a disease-specific virtual patient population to represent the variability in patient characteristics and response to treatment observed for a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma trial cohort. Model utility was demonstrated by simulating the avadomide effect in the virtual population for various dosing schedules and determining the incidence of high-grade neutropenia, its duration, and the probability of recovery to low-grade neutropenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto A Abbiati
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Center for Innovation and Translational Research Europe (CITRE), Seville, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew W B Trotter
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Center for Innovation and Translational Research Europe (CITRE), Seville, Spain
| | - Remco Loos
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Center for Innovation and Translational Research Europe (CITRE), Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina C Santini
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
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Gamara J, Davis L, Leong AZ, Pagé N, Rollet-Labelle E, Zhao C, Hongu T, Funakoshi Y, Kanaho Y, Aoudji F, Pelletier M, Bourgoin SG. Arf6 regulates energy metabolism in neutrophils. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:550-561. [PMID: 34245858 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase Arf6 regulates many cellular processes, including cytoskeletal remodeling, receptor endocytosis, and pathogen phagocytosis. Arf6 silencing in neutrophil (PMN)-like cells is well-known to inhibit chemotactic peptide-mediated activation of phospholipase D, the oxidative burst, and β2 integrin-dependent adhesion. In conditional knockout (cKO) mice, the migration to inflammatory sites of Arf6-deficient PMNs was diminished and associated with reduced cell surface expression of β2 integrins. In this study we assessed the impact of Arf6 depletion on the functions and gene expression profile of PMNs isolated from the mouse air pouch. Numerous genes involved in response to oxygen levels, erythrocyte and myeloid differentiation, macrophage chemotaxis, response to chemicals, apoptosis, RNA destabilization, endosome organization, and vesicle transport were differentially expressed in PMNs cKO for Arf6. Lpar6 and Lacc-1 were the most up-regulated and down-regulated genes, respectively. The deletion of Arf6 also decreased Lacc-1 protein level in PMNs, and silencing of Arf6 in THP-1 monocytic cells delayed LPS-mediated Lacc-1 expression. We report that fMLP or zymosan-induced glycolysis and oxygen consumption rate were both decreased in air pouch PMNs but not in bone marrow PMNs of Arf6 cKO mice. Reduced oxygen consumption correlated with a decrease in superoxide and ROS production. Deletion of Arf6 in PMNs also reduced phagocytosis and interfered with apoptosis. The data suggest that Arf6 regulates energy metabolism, which may contribute to impaired phagocytosis, ROS production, and apoptosis in PMN-Arf6 cKO. This study provides new information on the functions and the inflammatory pathways influenced by Arf6 in PMNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jouda Gamara
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Lynn Davis
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Andrew Z Leong
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Nathalie Pagé
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Emmanuelle Rollet-Labelle
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Chenqi Zhao
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2
| | - Tsunaki Hongu
- German Cancer Research Centre (DFKZ), Group of Metastatic Niches, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yuji Funakoshi
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kanaho
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Fawzi Aoudji
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6
| | - Sylvain G Bourgoin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immunology, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V4G2; Centre ARThrite, Department of Microbiology-Infectiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada, G1V0A6.
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11
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Rawat S, Vrati S, Banerjee A. Neutrophils at the crossroads of acute viral infections and severity. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 81:100996. [PMID: 34284874 PMCID: PMC8286244 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are versatile immune effector cells essential for mounting a first-line defense against invading pathogens. However, uncontrolled activation can lead to severe life-threatening complications. Neutrophils exist as a heterogeneous population, and their interaction with pathogens and other immune cells may shape the outcome of the host immune response. Diverse classes of viruses, including the recently identified novel SARS-CoV-2, have shown to alter the various aspects of neutrophil biology, offering possibilities for selective intervention. Here, we review heterogeneity within the neutrophil population, highlighting the functional consequences of circulating phenotypes and their critical involvement in exaggerating protective and pathological immune responses against the viruses. We discuss the recent findings of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in COVID-19 pathology and cover other viruses, where neutrophil biology and NETs are crucial for developing disease severity. In the end, we have also pointed out the areas where neutrophil-mediated responses can be finely tuned to outline opportunities for therapeutic manipulation in controlling inflammation against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surender Rawat
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sudhanshu Vrati
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Arup Banerjee
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
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12
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Zhao X, Liu S, Yang X, Liu Y, Liu G, Fan K, Ma J. Cathepsin C aggravates neuroinflammation via promoting production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in glial cells and neurons in a cryogenic brain lesion. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105107. [PMID: 34171415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemokines regulate infiltration of immune cells to brain in inflammation. Cathepsin C (CatC), a lysosomal protease, has been found to participate in neuroinflammation. However, how CatC affects chemokines expression in neuroinflammation triggered by traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of CatC on chemokines and neuroinflammation in TBI. METHODS The present study used CatC knockdown (KD) and overexpression (OE) mice to generate cryogenic brain lesion model and determined effects of CatC on expression of chemokines CCL2, CCL5 and CXCL2 and infiltration of immune cells in acute and chronic phases of the lesion. Further, cellular sources of various chemokines were demonstrated in vitro. Values were compared with wild type (WT) mice. RESULTS The results found that 6 h after lesion, CatC expression,IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA and protein expression were strongly induced in the lesions; CCL2 and CXCL2 mRNA and protein expression were increased in CatC OE mice, while decreased in CatC KD mice. On the 3rd day after lesion, macrophages and neutrophils were mainly infiltrated to the lesions. Simultaneously, Iba-1+ cells in CatC OE mice were increased, while MPO + cells in CatC KD mice were decreased. In contrast, on the 28th day after lesion, a few lymphocytes were infiltrated surrounding new blood vessels. CatC OE mice showed larger volumes of scar areas, higher expression of CCL2,CXCL2,IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6 and iNOS, as well as stronger GFAP+ and Iba-1+ signals, while CatC KD mice had reversed effects. No significant differences of CCL5 expression were found in various genotype mice. Further, in vitro study demonstrated CatC-induced expression of CCL2 were mainly derived from microglia and neurons, while CXCL2 derived from microglia and astrocytes. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that CatC aggravates neuroinflammation via promoting production of CCL2 and CXCL2 in glial cells and neurons in a cryogenic brain lesion, providing potential cellular and molecular targets for future intervention of TBI and other neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinnan Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Department of Morphology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yanna Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kai Fan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jianmei Ma
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R&D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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13
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Wang XT, Peng Z, An YY, Shang T, Xiao G, He S, Chen X, Zhang H, Wang Y, Wang T, Zhang JH, Gao X, Zhu Y, Feng Y. Paeoniflorin and Hydroxysafflor Yellow A in Xuebijing Injection Attenuate Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Inhibit Proinflammatory Cytokine Production. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:614024. [PMID: 33986658 PMCID: PMC8112230 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.614024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is a major contributor to the poor outcomes of septic shock. As an add-on with conventional sepsis management for over 15 years, the effect of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) on the sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction was not well understood. The material basis of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) in managing infections and infection-related complications remains to be defined. A murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model and cardiomyocytes in vitro culture were adopted to study the influence of XBJ on infection-induced cardiac dysfunction. XBJ significantly improved the survival of septic-mice and rescued cardiac dysfunction in vivo. RNA-seq revealed XBJ attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and related signalings in the heart which was further confirmed on the mRNA and protein levels. Xuebijing also protected cardiomyocytes from LPS-induced mitochondrial calcium ion overload and reduced the LPS-induced ROS production in cardiomyocytes. The therapeutic effect of XBJ was mediated by the combination of paeoniflorin and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) (C0127-2). C0127-2 improved the survival of septic mice, protected their cardiac function and cardiomyocytes while balancing gene expression in cytokine-storm-related signalings, such as TNF-α and NF-κB. In summary, Paeoniflorin and HSYA are key active compounds in XBJ for managing sepsis, protecting cardiac function, and controlling inflammation in the cardiac tissue partially by limiting the production of IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Guangxu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
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14
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Rawat K, Syeda S, Shrivastava A. Neutrophil-derived granule cargoes: paving the way for tumor growth and progression. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:221-244. [PMID: 33438104 PMCID: PMC7802614 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09951-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the key cells of our innate immune system mediating host defense via a range of effector functions including phagocytosis, degranulation, and NETosis. For this, they employ an arsenal of anti-microbial cargoes packed in their readily mobilizable granule subsets. Notably, the release of granule content is tightly regulated; however, under certain circumstances, their unregulated release can aggravate tissue damage and could be detrimental to the host. Several constituents of neutrophil granules have also been associated with various inflammatory diseases including cancer. In cancer setting, their excessive release may modulate tissue microenvironment which ultimately leads the way for tumor initiation, growth and metastasis. Neutrophils actively infiltrate within tumor tissues, wherein they show diverse phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. While most studies are focused at understanding the phenotypic heterogeneity of neutrophils, their functional heterogeneity, much of which is likely orchestrated by their granule cargoes, is beginning to emerge. Therefore, a better understanding of neutrophil granules and their cargoes will not only shed light on their diverse role in cancer but will also reveal them as novel therapeutic targets. This review provides an overview on existing knowledge of neutrophil granules and detailed insight into the pathological relevance of their cargoes in cancer. In addition, we also discuss the therapeutic approach for targeting neutrophils or their microenvironment in disease setting that will pave the way forward for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Rawat
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Saima Syeda
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- grid.8195.50000 0001 2109 4999Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
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15
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Assessment of Arf6 Deletion in PLB-985 Differentiated in Neutrophil-Like Cells and in Mouse Neutrophils: Impact on Adhesion and Migration. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:2713074. [PMID: 32322163 PMCID: PMC7166286 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2713074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoattractant sensing, adhesiveness, and migration are critical events underlying the recruitment of neutrophils (PMNs) to sites of inflammation or infection. Defects in leukocyte adhesion or migration result in immunodeficiency disorders characterized by recurrent infections. In this study, we evaluated the role of Arf6 on PMN adhesion in vitro and on migration to inflammatory sites using PMN-Arf6 conditional knockout (cKO) mice. In PMN-like PLB-985 silenced for Arf6 fMLP-mediated adhesion to the β2 integrin ligands, ICAM-1 and fibrinogen or the β1/β2 integrin ligand fibronectin was significantly reduced. Furthermore, overexpression of wild-type Arf6 promoted basal and fMLP-induced adhesion to immobilized integrin ligands, while overexpression of the dominant-negative Arf6 has the opposite effects. Using the Elane-Cre deleting mouse strains, we report that the level of Arf6 deletion in inflammatory PMNs isolated from the dorsal air pouches was stronger when compared to naïve cells isolated from the bone marrow. In PMN-Arf6 cKO mice, the recruitment of PMNs into the dorsal air pouch injected with LPS or the chemoattractant fMLP was significantly diminished. Impaired cell migration correlated with reduced cell surface expression of CD11a and CD11b in Arf6 cKO PMNs. Our results highlight that Arf6 regulates the activity and possibly the recycling of PMN integrins, and this compromises PMN migration to inflammatory sites.
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16
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Ferreira-Duarte AP, Pinheiro-Torres AS, Takeshita WM, Gushiken VO, Roncalho-Buck IA, Anhê GF, DeSouza IA. Airway exposure to Staphylococcal enterotoxin type B (SEB) enhances the number and activity of bone marrow neutrophils via the release of multiple cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:106009. [PMID: 31771815 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lung infections by Staphylococcus aureus are strongly associated with its ability to produce enterotoxins. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying trafficking of bone marrow (BM) neutrophils during airway inflammation induced by Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). We therefore aimed to investigate the effects of mouse airways SEB exposure on BM neutrophil counts and its adhesive properties as well as on the release of cytokines/chemokines that orchestrate BM neutrophils trafficking to lung tissue. METHODS Male BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to SEB (1 µg), and at 4, 16 and 24 h thereafter, BM, circulating blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue were collected. BM neutrophils adhesion, MAC-1 and LFA1-α expressions (by flow cytometry) as well as measurement of cytokine and/or chemokines levels were assayed after SEB-airway exposure. RESULTS Prior exposure to SEB promoted a marked influx of neutrophils to BAL and lung tissue, which was accompanied by increased counts of BM immature neutrophils and blood neutrophilia. BM neutrophil expressions of LFA1-α and MAC-1 were unchanged by SEB exposure whereas a significant enhancement of adhesion properties to VCAM-1 was observed. The early phase of airway SEB exposure was accompanied by high levels of GM-CSF, G-CSF, IFN-γ, TNF-α and KC/CXCL1, while the latter phase by the equilibrated actions of SDF1-α and MIP-2. CONCLUSION Mouse airways exposure to SEB induces BM cytokines/chemokines release and their integrated actions enhance the adhesion of BM neutrophils leading to acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ferreira-Duarte
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil
| | - A S Pinheiro-Torres
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil
| | - W M Takeshita
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil
| | - V O Gushiken
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil
| | - I A Roncalho-Buck
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil
| | - G F Anhê
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - I A DeSouza
- Department of Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiai (FMJ), Jundiai (São Paulo), Brazil.
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17
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Guo LY, Yang F, Peng LJ, Li YB, Wang AP. CXCL2, a new critical factor and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Clin Exp Hypertens 2019; 42:428-437. [PMID: 31752549 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2019.1693585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ya Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, university of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- Medical Record Statistics Office and Library, The Pediatric Academy of University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bing Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- National key Discipline of Human Anatomy, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, P.R. China
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18
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Abstract
Neutrophils play a key role in innate immunity. As the dominant circulating phagocyte, they are rapidly recruited from the bloodstream to sites of infection or injury to internalize and destroy microbes. More recently, neutrophils have been identified in uninfected organs, challenging the classical view of their function. Here we show that neutrophils were present in lymph nodes (LNs) in homeostasis. Using flow cytometry and confocal imaging, we identified neutrophils within LNs in naive, unchallenged mice, including LNs draining the skin, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. Neutrophils were enriched within specific anatomical regions, in the interfollicular zone, a site of T cell activation. Intravital two-photon microscopy demonstrated that LN neutrophils were motile, trafficked into LNs from both blood and tissues via high endothelial venules and afferent lymphatics, respectively, and formed interactions with dendritic cells in LNs. Murine and human LN neutrophils had a distinct phenotype compared with circulating neutrophils, with higher major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII) expression, suggesting a potential role in CD4 T cell activation. Upon ex vivo stimulation with IgG immune complex (IC), neutrophils up-regulated expression of MHCII and costimulatory molecules and increased T cell activation. In vivo, neutrophils were capable of delivering circulating IC to LNs, suggesting a broader functional remit. Overall, our data challenge the perception that neutrophil patrol is limited to the circulation in homeostasis, adding LNs to their routine surveillance territory.
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19
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Hastreiter AA, Makiyama EN, Borelli P, Fock RA. Impairment of G-CSF receptor on granulocytic progenitor cells causes neutropenia in protein malnutrition. Nutrition 2019; 69:110540. [PMID: 31525700 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is well known that protein malnutrition (PM) states can affect hematopoiesis, leading to severe leukopenia and reduced number of granulocytes, which act as the first line of defense, and are important to the innate immune response. The aim of this study was to elucidate some of the mechanisms involved in the impairment of granulopoiesis in PM. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were submitted to PM with a low-protein diet containing 2% protein. Control mice were fed a 12% protein-containing diet. Bone marrow histology and the percentage of granulocytic progenitors were evaluated after in vivo granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) stimulus. Cell proliferation, STAT3 signaling, and the expression of G-CSF receptor were evaluated in hematopoietic progenitor cells. RESULTS Malnourished animals presented with leukopenia associated with reduced number of granulocytes and reduced percentage of granulocytic progenitors; however, no differences were observed in the regulatory granulopoietic cytokine G-CSF. Additionally, the malnourished group presented with impaired response to in vivo G-CSF stimulus compared with control animals. PM was implicated in decreased ability of c-Kit+ cells to differentiate into myeloid progenitor cells and downregulated STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, the malnourished group exhibited reduced expression of G-CSF receptor on granule-monocytic progenitors. This reduced expression was not completely reversible with G-CSF treatment. CONCLUSIONS This study implies that PM promotes intrinsic alterations to hematopoietic precursors, which result in hematologic changes, mainly neutropenia, observed in peripheral blood in PM states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Aparecida Hastreiter
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Naoto Makiyama
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Primavera Borelli
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ambrósio Fock
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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20
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Bone marrow sinusoidal endothelium as a facilitator/regulator of cell egress from the bone marrow. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019; 137:43-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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21
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Bae GS, Kim DG, Jo IJ, Choi SB, Kim MJ, Shin JY, Kim DU, Song HJ, Joo M, Park SJ. Heme oxygenase-1 induced by desoxo-narchinol-A attenuated the severity of acute pancreatitis via blockade of neutrophil infiltration. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 69:225-234. [PMID: 30738992 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has an anti-inflammatory action in acute pancreatitis (AP). However, its mechanism of action and natural compounds/drugs to induce HO-1 in pancreas are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the regulatory mechanisms of HO-1 during AP using desoxo-narchinol-A (DN), the natural compound inducing HO-1 in the pancreas. Female C57/BL6 Mice were intraperitoneally injected with supramaximal concentrations of cerulein (50 μg/kg) hourly for 6 h to induce AP. DMSO or DN was administered intraperitoneally, then mice were sacrificed 6 h after the final cerulein injection. Administration of DN increased pancreatic HO-1 expression through activation of activating protein-1, mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases. Furthermore, DN treatment reduced the pancreatic weight-to-body weight ratio as well as production of digestive enzymes and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Inhibition of HO-1 by tin protoporphyrin IX abolished the protective effects of DN on pancreatic damage. Additionally, DN treatment inhibited neutrophil infiltration into the pancreas via regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) by HO-1. Our results suggest that DN is an effective inducer of HO-1 in the pancreas, and that HO-1 regulates neutrophil infiltration in AP via CXCL2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Sang Bae
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Dong-Goo Kim
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Il-Joo Jo
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea; Division of Beauty Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Sun-Bok Choi
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Joon Yeon Shin
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Kim
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Ho-Joon Song
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50621, South Korea
| | - Sung-Joo Park
- Department of Herbology, School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea; Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, South Korea.
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22
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O'Neil LJ, Kaplan MJ. Neutrophils in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Breaking Immune Tolerance and Fueling Disease. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:215-227. [PMID: 30709614 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a common autoimmune disease, is characterized by a highly coordinated inflammatory response that involves innate and adaptive immunity. One of the hallmarks of RA is an immune response directed at citrullinated peptides that are specifically targeted by anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). Among the various mechanisms by which neutrophils may promote immune dysregulation in RA, their ability to extrude neutrophil extracellular traps has recently been implicated in the development of ACPAs. In the synovium, neutrophils interact with resident fibroblast-like synoviocytes to endow them with antigen-presenting cell capabilities and an inflammatory phenotype. Further understanding how neutrophils modulate autoimmunity and tissue damage in RA may lead to the development of novel effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam J O'Neil
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) triggers a systemic inflammatory response characterized by leukocyte mobilization from the bone marrow, release of cytokines to the circulation, and increased microvascular permeability, leading to high mortality. Females have shown attenuated inflammatory response to trauma when compared with males, indicating a role for female sex hormones in this process. Here, we have evaluated the effect of estradiol on the local gut injury induced by I/R in male rats. I/R was induced by the clamping of the superior mesenteric artery for 45 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion. A group received 17β-estradiol (280 μg/kg, i.v., single dose) at 30 min of ischemia. Morphometric analysis of the gut showed I/R induced a reduction of villous height that was prevented by estradiol. White blood cells, notably granulocytes, were mobilized from the circulation to the intestine by I/R, which was also prevented by estradiol treatment. Groups had the intestine wrapped in a plastic bag to collect intestinal fluid, where leukocytes count, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were increased by I/R. Serum chemokines (CINC-1, MIP-1α, MIP-2), ICAM-1 expression in the mesenteric tissue, and neutrophils spontaneous migration measured in vitro were also increased after I/R. Estradiol treatment reduced leukocytes numbers and TNF-α on intestinal fluid, serum chemokine release and also downregulated MIP-1α, MIP-2 gene expression, and spontaneous in vitro neutrophil migration. In conclusion, estradiol blunts intestinal injury induced by I/R by modulating chemokines release and leukocyte trafficking.
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24
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Virus-stimulated neutrophils in the tumor microenvironment enhance T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42195-42207. [PMID: 27259252 PMCID: PMC5173127 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) fosters tumors by attenuating anti-tumor immunity, reinforcing tumor cell survival and increasing angiogenesis. Among the constituents of the TME, here, we focused on tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). First, we found that the combination of poly I:C and inactivated Sendai virus particles (hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope; HVJ-E) synergistically suppressed tumor growth in the B16-F10 melanoma mouse model. In this model, poly I:C contributed to the recruitment of CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils to the TME, and co-injection of poly I:C and HVJ-E increased CD11b+Ly6G+FAS+ TAN in the TME. Depletion of neutrophils abolished the synergistic anti-tumor effect of HVJ-E and poly I:C in B16-F10 tumors. We revealed that C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) is produced in the TME by poly I:C, but HVJ-E enhanced neutrophil infiltration of the TME does not occur. An anti-CXCL2 antibody inhibited the tumor suppression by HVJ-E+poly I:C. HVJ-E in combination with recombinant CXCL2 protein or CXCL2 pDNA suppressed mouse melanoma by increasing cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against B16-F10 melanoma, which was abolished by an anti-Ly6G antibody. HVJ-E directly and indirectly increased FAS and ICAM-1 expression in cultured bone marrow-derived naïve neutrophils. Thus, HVJ-E activates anti-tumor immunity via anti-tumorigenic neutrophils in the TME. An HVJ-E vector containing the CXCL2 gene may be applicable as a novel cancer gene therapy strategy.
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25
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Khatib-Massalha E, Lapid K, Golan K, Kollet O, Gur-Cohen S, Bitan M, Kumari A, Lapidot T. Interactions Between Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and the Bone Marrow. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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26
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Werner JL, Escolero SG, Hewlett JT, Mak TN, Williams BP, Eishi Y, Núñez G. Induction of Pulmonary Granuloma Formation by Propionibacterium acnes Is Regulated by MyD88 and Nox2. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:121-130. [PMID: 27607191 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0035oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is characterized by noncaseating granulomas with an unknown cause that present primarily in the lung. Propionibacterium acnes, an immunogenic commensal skin bacterium involved in acne vulgaris, has been implicated as a possible causative agent of sarcoidosis. Here, we demonstrate that a viable strain of P. acnes isolated from a patient with sarcoidosis and instilled intratracheally into wild-type mice can generate pulmonary granulomas similar to those observed in patients with sarcoidosis. The formation of these granulomas is dependent on the administration of viable P. acnes. We also found that mice deficient in the innate immunity adapter protein MyD88 had a greater number and a larger area of granuloma lesions compared with wild-type mice administered P. acnes. Early after P. acnes administration, wild-type mice produced proinflammatory mediators and recruited neutrophils into the lung, a response that is dependent on MyD88. In addition, there was an increase in granuloma number and size after instillation with P. acnes in mice deficient in CybB, a critical component of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase required for the production of reactive oxygen species in the phagosome. Myd88-/- or Cybb-/- mice both had increased persistence of P. acnes in the lung, together with enhanced granuloma formation. In conclusion, we have generated a mouse model of early granuloma formation induced by a clinically relevant strain of P. acnes isolated from a patient with sarcoidosis, and, using this model, we have shown that a deficiency in MyD88 or CybB is associated with impaired bacterial clearance and increased granuloma formation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Werner
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Sylvia G Escolero
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Jeff T Hewlett
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Tim N Mak
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Brian P Williams
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Yoshinobu Eishi
- 2 Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gabriel Núñez
- 1 Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
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27
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Abstract
Neutrophils play an essential role during an inflammatory response, which is dependent on their rapid recruitment from the bone marrow to the vasculature. However, there is no information about the molecular signals that regulate neutrophil entry to circulation during an inflammatory process in humans. This is mainly due to the lack of a suitable model of study that contains similar set of molecules and that allows in vivo analyses. In this study, we used the zebrafish to assess the role of Cxcl8a, Cxcl8b, and Cxcr2 in neutrophil migration to blood circulation after injury. Using Tg(BACmpx:GFP)i114 transgenic embryos and two damage models (severe and mild), we developed in vivo lack of function assays. We found that the transcription levels of cxcl8a, cxcl8b, and cxcr2 were upregulated in the severe damage model. In contrast, only cxcr2 and cxcl8a mRNA levels were increased during mild damage. After knocking down Cxcl8a, neutrophil quantity decreased at the injury site, while Cxcl8b decreased neutrophils in circulation. When inhibiting Cxcr2, we observed a decrease in neutrophil entry to the bloodstream. In conclusion, we identified different functions for both Cxcl8 paralogues, being the Cxcl8b/Cxcr2 axis that regulates neutrophil entry to the bloodstream, while Cxcl8a/Cxcr2 regulates the migration to the affected area.
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28
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Richter R, Forssmann W, Henschler R. Current Developments in Mobilization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells and Their Interaction with Niches in Bone Marrow. Transfus Med Hemother 2017. [PMID: 28626366 DOI: 10.1159/000477262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has evolved from a highly experimental stage in the 1980s to a currently clinically established treatment for more than 20,000 patients annually who suffer from hematological malignancies and other severe diseases. Studies in numerous murine models have demonstrated that HSPCs reside in distinct niches within the bone marrow environment. Whereas transplanted HSPCs travel through the bloodstream and home to sites of hematopoiesis, HSPCs can be mobilized from these niches into the blood either physiologically or induced by pharmaceutical drugs. Firstly, this review aims to give a synopsis of milestones defining niches and mobilization pathways for HSPCs, including the identification of several cell types involved such as osteoblasts, adventitial reticular cells, endothelial cells, monocytic cells, and granulocytic cells. The main factors that anchor HSPCs in the niche, and/or induce their quiescence are vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM)-1, CD44, hematopoietic growth factors, e.g. stem cell factor (SCF) and FLT3 Ligand, chemokines including CXCL12, growth-regulated protein beta and IL-8, proteases, peptides, and other chemical transmitters such as nucleotides. In the second part of the review, we revise the current understanding of HSPC mobilization. Here, we discuss which mechanisms found to be active in HSPC mobilization correspond to the mechanisms relevant for HSPC interaction with niche cells, but also deal with other mediators and signals that target individual cell types and receptors to mobilize HSPCs. A multitude of questions remain to be addressed for a better understanding of HSPC biology and its implications for therapy, including more comprehensive concepts for regulatory circuits such as calcium homeostasis and parathormone, metabolic regulation such as by leptin, the significance of autonomic nervous system, the consequences of alteration of niches in aged patients, or the identification of more easily accessible markers to better predict the efficiency of HSPC mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf Richter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Immunology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,MVZ Labor PD Dr. Volkmann & Kollegen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Forssmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Immunology, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Henschler
- Swiss Red Cross Blood Transfusion Services Zurich and Chur, Zurich, Switzerland
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29
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Nombela-Arrieta C, Isringhausen S. The Role of the Bone Marrow Stromal Compartment in the Hematopoietic Response to Microbial Infections. Front Immunol 2017; 7:689. [PMID: 28163704 PMCID: PMC5247475 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous production of blood cells unfolds within a complex three-dimensional tissue scaffold established by highly organized stromal cell networks of mesenchymal, neural, and vascular origin inside bone marrow (BM) cavities. Collectively, stromal cells have been shown to serve two principal roles; first as primary participants of bone remodeling and metabolism and second as master regulators of different stages of blood cell development and production. Indeed, ample evidence demonstrates that stromal cells can sense and integrate systemic signals to shape hematopoietic responses and that these regulatory mechanisms are subverted in multiple pathologic conditions. Microbial infections are stressors that elicit potent inflammatory reactions and induce substantial alterations of hematopoietic output. Whether the cellular components of the BM stromal microenvironment are targeted by infections and participate in infection-induced hematopoiesis has not been investigated in sufficient detail to date. In this manuscript, we provide a succinct updated overview of the different cell populations that are currently known to form BM stroma. We discuss experimental evidence demonstrating that different stromal components are actively damaged or functionally altered by pathogens and/or ensuing inflammatory signals and review how these effects are known to contribute to the hematologic manifestations observed during infections.
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30
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Lou N, Lennard Richard ML, Yu J, Kindy M, Zhang XK. The Fli-1 transcription factor is a critical regulator for controlling the expression of chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 2 (CXCL2). Mol Immunol 2016; 81:59-66. [PMID: 27889620 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells produce inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in response to innate immune signals and their expression is tightly regulated. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2), also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha (MIP2-alpha), is an inflammatory chemokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. CXCL2 is chemotactic for neutrophils and elevated expression of CXCL2 is associated with many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The Fli-1 gene belongs to the large Ets transcription factor family, whose members regulate a wide variety of cellular functions including the immune response. In this study, we demonstrate that endothelial cells transfected with Fli-1 specific siRNA produce significantly less CXCL2 compared to cells transfected with control siRNA after stimulation by the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 ligands, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). The production of CXCL2 in endothelial cells stimulated with LPS stimulation is dose-dependent. We found that Fli-1 binds to the CXCL2 promoter as established by Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. Transient transfection assays show that Fli-1 drives transcription from the CXCL2 promoter in a dose-dependent manner and Fli-1 regulates the expression of CXCL2 largely by directly binding to the promoter. Targeted knockdown and transient transfection experiments suggest that both Fli-1 and the p65 subunit of NF-κB affect the activation of CXCL2 in an additive manner. These results indicate that Fli-1 is a novel, critical transcription factor that regulates the expression of the inflammatory chemokine CXCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Lou
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong, China; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Mara L Lennard Richard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Mark Kindy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
| | - Xian K Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States.
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31
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Dupont M, Ouachée A, Royer J, Dupuy C. [NADPH oxidase: double agent during inflammation?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:833-835. [PMID: 27758745 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163210014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magali Dupont
- M1 Biologie Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Alice Ouachée
- M1 Biologie Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Juliette Royer
- M1 Biologie Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- UMR8200 CNRS, pavillon de recherche 2, Institut Gustave Roussy, 114, rue Édouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
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32
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Yersinia enterocolitica YopH-Deficient Strain Activates Neutrophil Recruitment to Peyer's Patches and Promotes Clearance of the Virulent Strain. Infect Immun 2016; 84:3172-3181. [PMID: 27550935 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00568-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica evades the immune response by injecting Yersinia outer proteins (Yops) into the cytosol of host cells. YopH is a tyrosine phosphatase critical for Yersinia virulence. However, the mucosal immune mechanisms subverted by YopH during in vivo orogastric infection with Y. enterocolitica remain elusive. The results of this study revealed neutrophil recruitment to Peyer's patches (PP) after infection with a YopH-deficient mutant strain (Y. enterocolitica ΔyopH). While the Y. enterocolitica wild-type (WT) strain in PP induced the major neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1 mRNA and protein levels, infection with the Y. enterocolitica ΔyopH mutant strain exhibited a higher expression of the CXCL1 receptor, CXCR2, in blood neutrophils, leading to efficient neutrophil recruitment to the PP. In contrast, migration of neutrophils into PP was impaired upon infection with Y. enterocolitica WT strain. In vitro infection of blood neutrophils revealed the involvement of YopH in CXCR2 expression. Depletion of neutrophils during Y. enterocolitica ΔyopH infection raised the bacterial load in PP. Moreover, the clearance of WT Y. enterocolitica was improved when an equal mixture of Y. enterocolitica WT and Y. enterocolitica ΔyopH strains was used in infecting the mice. This study indicates that Y. enterocolitica prevents early neutrophil recruitment in the intestine and that the effector protein YopH plays an important role in the immune evasion mechanism. The findings highlight the potential use of the Y. enterocolitica YopH-deficient strain as an oral vaccine carrier.
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33
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Ella K, Csépányi-Kömi R, Káldi K. Circadian regulation of human peripheral neutrophils. Brain Behav Immun 2016; 57:209-221. [PMID: 27132055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood. Beside being essential responders in bacterial and fungal infections, they also contribute to tissue reactions in many autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Although several immune responses linked to neutrophil functions have been described to be rhythmic, the mechanism of the circadian regulation of these cells is still not understood. Characterization of the time-of-day-specific control of neutrophil responsiveness could help to better understand the pathomechanism of these inflammatory responses and design effective chronotherapy. Here we report that the time-dependent expression of core clock components in human neutrophils characteristically differs from that in mononuclear cells. Both the low expression and the reduced nuclear accumulation of the essential clock protein BMAL1 suggest that the molecular oscillator is down-regulated in neutrophils. By following the expression of the maturation marker Cxcr4 and morphological attributes (side-scattering properties and nuclear segmentation), we found that the distribution of young and aged cells within the peripheral neutrophil pool displays a daily rhythm. In addition, we detected synchronous fluctuations in the plasma level of the CXCR4 ligand CXCL12, an important regulator of cell trafficking within the bone marrow. We found that expression of another maturation marker, the core component of the superoxide generating NADPH oxidase, and parallelly, the superoxide producing capacity of neutrophils were also dependent on the time of the day. In line with this, number of opsonized bacteria engulfed by neutrophils also showed time-dependent differences, supporting that clearance of pathogens shows a daily rhythm. We suggest that maturation-dependent changes in neutrophil responsiveness rather than the cellular autonomous clock are involved in the daily regulation of human neutrophil functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Ella
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Roland Csépányi-Kömi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest H-1094, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Káldi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest H-1094, Hungary.
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34
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O'Byrne PM, Metev H, Puu M, Richter K, Keen C, Uddin M, Larsson B, Cullberg M, Nair P. Efficacy and safety of a CXCR2 antagonist, AZD5069, in patients with uncontrolled persistent asthma: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2016; 4:797-806. [PMID: 27574788 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(16)30227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway neutrophilic inflammation is a pathological feature in some patients with severe asthma. Stimulation of the chemokine receptor CXCR2 mediates neutrophil migration into the airways. We investigated the safety and efficacy of AZD5069, a CXCR2 antagonist, as an add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma. METHODS In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding trial, we enrolled patients aged 18 years or older with uncontrolled asthma despite combination therapy with long-acting β2 agonists and medium-dose or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids. Patients were randomised in a 1:1:1:1 ratio via an interactive voice-response or web-response system to receive 5, 15, or 45 mg oral AZD5069 twice daily or matched placebo. The primary endpoint was the number of severe asthma exacerbations in 6 months. Safety was assessed in the 6-month treatment period and an optional 6-month safety extension. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01704495. FINDINGS 640 patients with a mean age of 52 (SD 11·8) years were randomised, 478 to receive AZD5069 (5 mg n=160, 15 mg n=156, and 45 mg n=162) and 162 placebo. No dose of AZD5069 reduced the rate of severe exacerbations compared with placebo (rate ratio for 5 mg 1·29, 90% CI 0·79-2·11; for 15 mg 1·53, 0·95-2·46; and for 45 mg 1·56, 0·98-2·49). Treatment with AZD5069 was generally well tolerated. The most commonly reported adverse event overall was nasopharyngitis, seen in 18 (11·5%) receiving 5 mg, 13 (8·5%) receiving 15 mg, and 18 (11·2%) receiving 45 mg AZD5069, and 31 (19·5%) of those receiving placebo. INTERPRETATION Treatment with this selective CXCR2 antagonist did not reduce the frequency of severe exacerbations in patients with uncontrolled severe asthma. These findings bring into question the role of CXCR2-mediated neutrophil recruitment in the pathobiology of exacerbations in severe refractory asthma. FUNDING AstraZeneca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M O'Byrne
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Parameswaran Nair
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph's Healthcare and McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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35
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Bajrami B, Zhu H, Kwak HJ, Mondal S, Hou Q, Geng G, Karatepe K, Zhang YC, Nombela-Arrieta C, Park SY, Loison F, Sakai J, Xu Y, Silberstein LE, Luo HR. G-CSF maintains controlled neutrophil mobilization during acute inflammation by negatively regulating CXCR2 signaling. J Exp Med 2016; 213:1999-2018. [PMID: 27551153 PMCID: PMC5030805 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Luo et al. report that CXCR2 ligands are responsible for rapid neutrophil mobilization during early-stage acute inflammation and that G-CSF suppresses this mobilization by negatively regulating CXCR2-mediated intracellular signaling. Cytokine-induced neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow to circulation is a critical event in acute inflammation, but how it is accurately controlled remains poorly understood. In this study, we report that CXCR2 ligands are responsible for rapid neutrophil mobilization during early-stage acute inflammation. Nevertheless, although serum CXCR2 ligand concentrations increased during inflammation, neutrophil mobilization slowed after an initial acute fast phase, suggesting a suppression of neutrophil response to CXCR2 ligands after the acute phase. We demonstrate that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), usually considered a prototypical neutrophil-mobilizing cytokine, was expressed later in the acute inflammatory response and unexpectedly impeded CXCR2-induced neutrophil mobilization by negatively regulating CXCR2-mediated intracellular signaling. Blocking G-CSF in vivo paradoxically elevated peripheral blood neutrophil counts in mice injected intraperitoneally with Escherichia coli and sequestered large numbers of neutrophils in the lungs, leading to sterile pulmonary inflammation. In a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model, the homeostatic imbalance caused by G-CSF blockade enhanced neutrophil accumulation, edema, and inflammation in the lungs and ultimately led to significant lung damage. Thus, physiologically produced G-CSF not only acts as a neutrophil mobilizer at the relatively late stage of acute inflammation, but also prevents exaggerated neutrophil mobilization and the associated inflammation-induced tissue damage during early-phase infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besnik Bajrami
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hyun-Jeong Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Subhanjan Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Qingming Hou
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Guangfeng Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Kutay Karatepe
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yu C Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Fabien Loison
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jiro Sakai
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Yuanfu Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Leslie E Silberstein
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hongbo R Luo
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Department of Lab Medicine, The Stem Cell Program, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115 Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02115
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36
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Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids Increase Survival and Decrease Bacterial Load in Mice Subjected to Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Sepsis. Infect Immun 2016; 84:1205-1213. [PMID: 26857576 DOI: 10.1128/iai.01391-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is increasing in incidence. With the alarming use of antibiotics,S. aureus is prone to become methicillin resistant. Antibiotics are the only widely used pharmacological treatment for sepsis. Interestingly, mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids have better survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis than mice fed HFD rich in saturated fatty acids (HFD-S). To investigate what component of polyunsaturated fatty acids, i.e., omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids, exerts beneficial effects on the survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis, mice were fed HFD rich in omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids for 8 weeks prior to inoculation with S. aureus Further, mice fed HFD-S were treated with omega-3 fatty acid metabolites known as resolvins. Mice fed HFD rich in omega-3 fatty acids had increased survival and decreased bacterial loads compared to those for mice fed HFD-S after S. aureus-induced sepsis. Furthermore, the bacterial load was decreased in resolvin-treated mice fed HFD-S after S. aureus-induced sepsis compared with that in mice treated with vehicle. Dietary omega-3 fatty acids increase the survival of S. aureus-induced sepsis by reversing the deleterious effect of HFD-S on mouse survival.
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37
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Palmblad J, Nilsson CC, Höglund P, Papadaki HA. How we diagnose and treat neutropenia in adults. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 9:479-87. [PMID: 26778239 DOI: 10.1586/17474086.2016.1142867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Neutropenias (NPs), being acute and often transient, or chronic, range from life-threatening conditions with very low absolute neutrophil blood counts (ANC) to disorders characterized by only mild NP and of no obvious significance for health. Many are caused by genetic variations/mutations, e.g. the benign familial NP and the chronic severe NPs (e.g. Kostmann disease). Some of the latter are associated with various bodily malformations. Many of the mild-to-moderate NPs are signs of underlying disorders that need specialized treatments (e.g. HIV, hepatitis, autoimmune disorders, the large granular lymphocyte syndrome). We provide here means for the evaluation of a previously unknown NP, suggest a triage and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Palmblad
- a Departments of Medicine and Hematology , The Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Christer C Nilsson
- a Departments of Medicine and Hematology , The Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- b Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Departments of Hematology and Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine , Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Helen A Papadaki
- c Department of Hematology , University of Crete Medical School , Heraklion , Greece
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38
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Yu Y, Wu RX, Gao LN, Xia Y, Tang HN, Chen FM. Stromal cell-derived factor-1-directed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell migration in response to inflammatory and/or hypoxic stimuli. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:342-59. [PMID: 26745021 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1139287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Directing cell trafficking toward a target site of interest is critical for advancing stem cell therapy in clinical theranostic applications. In this study, we investigated the effects of inflammatory and/or hypoxic stimuli on the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) during in vitro culture and after in vivo implantation. Using tablet scratch experiments and observations from a transwell system, we found that both inflammatory and hypoxic stimuli significantly enhanced cell migration. However, the combination of inflammatory and hypoxic stimuli did not result in a synergistic effect. The presence of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) significantly enhanced cell migration irrespective of the incubation conditions, and these positive effects could be blocked by treatment with AMD3100. Based on a time course experiment, we found that preconditioning cells with either inflammatory or hypoxic stimuli for 24 h or with both stimuli for 12 h led to high levels of chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expression. In vivo studies further demonstrated that pretreatment of BMMSCs with inflammatory and/or hypoxic stimuli resulted in an increased number of systemically injected cells migrating toward skin injuries, and local SDF-1 administration significantly increased cell migration. These findings suggest that in vitro control of either inflammatory or hypoxic stimuli has significant potential to enhance SDF-1-directed BMMSC migration via the upregulation of CXCR4 expression. Although combining the stimuli did not necessarily lead to a synergistic effect, the potential to reduce the dose and time required for cell preconditioning indicates that combinations of various strategies warrant further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
| | - Li-Na Gao
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
| | - Yu Xia
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
| | - Hao-Ning Tang
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China.,b Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University , Xi'an , P. R., China
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39
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Tulotta C, Stefanescu C, Beletkaia E, Bussmann J, Tarbashevich K, Schmidt T, Snaar-Jagalska BE. Inhibition of signaling between human CXCR4 and zebrafish ligands by the small molecule IT1t impairs the formation of triple-negative breast cancer early metastases in a zebrafish xenograft model. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:141-53. [PMID: 26744352 PMCID: PMC4770151 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.023275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and recurrent type of breast carcinoma that is associated with poor patient prognosis. Because of the limited efficacy of current treatments, new therapeutic strategies need to be developed. The CXCR4-CXCL12 chemokine signaling axis guides cell migration in physiological and pathological processes, including breast cancer metastasis. Although targeted therapies to inhibit the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis are under clinical experimentation, still no effective therapeutic approaches have been established to block CXCR4 in TNBC. To unravel the role of the CXCR4-CXCL12 axis in the formation of TNBC early metastases, we used the zebrafish xenograft model. Importantly, we demonstrate that cross-communication between the zebrafish and human ligands and receptors takes place and human tumor cells expressing CXCR4 initiate early metastatic events by sensing zebrafish cognate ligands at the metastatic site. Taking advantage of the conserved intercommunication between human tumor cells and the zebrafish host, we blocked TNBC early metastatic events by chemical and genetic inhibition of CXCR4 signaling. We used IT1t, a potent CXCR4 antagonist, and show for the first time its promising anti-tumor effects. In conclusion, we confirm the validity of the zebrafish as a xenotransplantation model and propose a pharmacological approach to target CXCR4 in TNBC. Summary: CXCR4-expressing human tumor cells respond to zebrafish cognate ligands and initiate metastatic events in a zebrafish xenograft model. The CXCR4 antagonist IT1t has promising tumor inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tulotta
- Institute of Biology, Animal Sciences and Health, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cristina Stefanescu
- Institute of Biology, Animal Sciences and Health, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Beletkaia
- Physics of Life Processes, Kamerligh Onnes-Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden 2333 CA, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bussmann
- Institute of Biology, Animal Sciences and Health, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Schmidt
- Physics of Life Processes, Kamerligh Onnes-Huygens Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden 2333 CA, The Netherlands
| | - B Ewa Snaar-Jagalska
- Institute of Biology, Animal Sciences and Health, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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40
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Regulators and Effectors of Arf GTPases in Neutrophils. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:235170. [PMID: 26609537 PMCID: PMC4644846 DOI: 10.1155/2015/235170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are key innate immune cells that represent the first line of defence against infection. They are the first leukocytes to migrate from the blood to injured or infected sites. This process involves molecular mechanisms that coordinate cell polarization, delivery of receptors, and activation of integrins at the leading edge of migrating PMNs. These phagocytes actively engulf microorganisms or form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to trap and kill pathogens with bactericidal compounds. Association of the NADPH oxidase complex at the phagosomal membrane for production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and delivery of proteolytic enzymes into the phagosome initiate pathogen killing and removal. G protein-dependent signalling pathways tightly control PMN functions. In this review, we will focus on the small monomeric GTPases of the Arf family and their guanine exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) as components of signalling cascades regulating PMN responses. GEFs and GAPs are multidomain proteins that control cellular events in time and space through interaction with other proteins and lipids inside the cells. The number of Arf GAPs identified in PMNs is expanding, and dissecting their functions will provide important insights into the role of these proteins in PMN physiology.
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41
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NADPH oxidase controls neutrophilic response to sterile inflammation in mice by regulating the IL-1α/G-CSF axis. Blood 2015; 126:2724-33. [PMID: 26443623 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-644773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The leukocyte nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase generates reactive oxygen species essential in microbial killing and regulation of inflammation. Inactivating mutations in this enzyme lead to chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), associated with increased susceptibility to both pyogenic infections and to inflammatory disorders. The role of the NADPH oxidase in regulating inflammation driven by nonmicrobial stimuli is poorly understood. Here, we show that NADPH oxidase deficiency enhances the early local release of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in response to damaged cells, promoting an excessive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-regulated neutrophilic response and prolonged inflammation. In peritoneal inflammation elicited by tissue injury, X-linked Cybb-null (X-CGD) mice exhibited increased release of IL-1α and IL-1 receptor -mediated G-CSF production. In turn, higher levels of systemic G-CSF increased peripheral neutrophilia, which amplified neutrophilic peritoneal inflammation in X-CGD mice. Dampening early neutrophil recruitment by neutralization of IL-1α, G-CSF, or neutrophil depletion itself promoted resolution of otherwise prolonged inflammation in X-CGD. IL-1β played little role. Thus, we identified an excessive IL-1α/G-CSF response as a major driver of enhanced sterile inflammation in CGD in the response to damaged cells. More broadly, these results provide new insights into the regulation of sterile inflammation, and identify the NADPH oxidase in regulating the amplitude of the early neutrophilic response.
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42
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Staphylococcal enterotoxin A regulates bone marrow granulocyte trafficking during pulmonary inflammatory disease in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 287:267-75. [PMID: 26091799 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary neutrophil infiltration produced by Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) airway exposure is accompanied by marked granulocyte accumulation in bone marrow (BM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of BM cell accumulation, and trafficking to circulating blood and lung tissue after SEA airway exposure. Male BALB/C mice were intranasally exposed to SEA (1μg), and at 4, 12 and 24h thereafter, BM, circulating blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissue were collected. Adhesion of BM granulocytes and flow cytometry for MAC-1, LFA1-α and VLA-4 and cytokine and/or chemokine levels were assayed after SEA-airway exposure. Prior exposure to SEA promoted a marked PMN influx to BAL and lung tissue, which was accompanied by increased counts of immature and/or mature neutrophils and eosinophils in BM, along with blood neutrophilia. Airway exposure to SEA enhanced BM neutrophil MAC-1 expression, and adhesion to VCAM-1 and/or ICAM-1-coated plates. Elevated levels of GM-CSF, G-CSF, INF-γ, TNF-α, KC/CXCL-1 and SDF-1α were detected in BM after SEA exposure. SEA exposure increased production of eosinopoietic cytokines (eotaxin and IL-5) and BM eosinophil VLA-4 expression, but it failed to affect eosinophil adhesion to VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. In conclusion, BM neutrophil accumulation after SEA exposure takes place by integrated action of cytokines and/or chemokines, enhancing the adhesive responses of BM neutrophils and its trafficking to lung tissues, leading to acute lung injury. BM eosinophil accumulation in SEA-induced acute lung injury may occur via increased eosinopoietic cytokines and VLA-4 expression.
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43
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Lodhi IJ, Wei X, Yin L, Feng C, Adak S, Abou-Ezzi G, Hsu FF, Link DC, Semenkovich CF. Peroxisomal lipid synthesis regulates inflammation by sustaining neutrophil membrane phospholipid composition and viability. Cell Metab 2015; 21:51-64. [PMID: 25565205 PMCID: PMC4287274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FAS) is altered in metabolic disorders and cancer. Conventional FAS null mice die in utero, so effects of whole-body inhibition of lipogenesis following development are unknown. Inducible global knockout of FAS (iFASKO) in mice was lethal due to a disrupted intestinal barrier and leukopenia. Conditional loss of FAS was associated with the selective suppression of granulopoiesis without disrupting granulocytic differentiation. Transplantation of iFASKO bone marrow into wild-type mice followed by Cre induction resulted in selective neutrophil depletion, but not death. Impaired lipogenesis increased ER stress and apoptosis in neutrophils by preferentially decreasing peroxisome-derived membrane phospholipids containing ether bonds. Inducible global knockout of PexRAP, a peroxisomal enzyme required for ether lipid synthesis, also produced neutropenia. FAS knockdown in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells caused cell loss that was partially rescued by ether lipids. Inhibiting ether lipid synthesis selectively constrains neutrophil development, revealing an unrecognized pathway in immunometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaochao Wei
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Li Yin
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chu Feng
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sangeeta Adak
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Grazia Abou-Ezzi
- Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Fong-Fu Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniel C Link
- Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Clay F Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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44
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Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids increase survival and decrease bacterial load during septic Staphylococcus aureus infection and improve neutrophil function in mice. Infect Immun 2014; 83:514-21. [PMID: 25404025 DOI: 10.1128/iai.02349-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe infection, including sepsis, is an increasing clinical problem that causes prolonged morbidity and substantial mortality. At present, antibiotics are essentially the only pharmacological treatment for sepsis. The incidence of resistance to antibiotics is increasing; therefore, it is critical to find new therapies for sepsis. Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of septic mortality. Neutrophils play an important role in the defense against bacterial infections. We have shown that a diet with high levels of dietary saturated fatty acids decreases survival in septic mice, but the mechanisms behind this remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the differences in dietary fat composition affect survival and bacterial load after experimental septic infection and neutrophil function in uninfected mice. We found that, after S. aureus infection, mice fed a polyunsaturated high-fat diet (HFD-P) for 8 weeks had increased survival and decreased bacterial load during sepsis compared with mice fed a saturated high-fat diet (HFD-S), similar to mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD). Uninfected mice fed HFD-P had a higher frequency of neutrophils in bone marrow than mice fed HFD-S. In addition, mice fed HFD-P had a higher frequency of neutrophils recruited to the site of inflammation in response to peritoneal injection of thioglycolate than mice fed HFD-S. Differences between the proportion of dietary protein and carbohydrate did not affect septic survival at all. In conclusion, polyunsaturated dietary fat increased both survival and efficiency of bacterial clearance during septic S. aureus infection. Moreover, this diet increased the frequency and chemotaxis of neutrophils, key components of the immune response to S. aureus infections.
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45
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Machado ID, Santin JR, Drewes CC, Gil CD, Oliani SM, Perretti M, Farsky SHP. Alterations in the profile of blood neutrophil membrane receptors caused by in vivo adrenocorticotrophic hormone actions. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E754-63. [PMID: 25184992 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) mobilize granulocytes from bone marrow into the blood, although these neutrophils are refractory to a full migratory response into inflamed tissues. Here, we investigated the dependence of glucocorticoid receptor activation and glucocorticoid-regulated protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) on ACTH-induced neutrophilia and the phenotype of blood neutrophil after ACTH injection, focusing on adhesion molecule expressions and locomotion properties. ACTH injection (5 μg ip, 4 h) induced neutrophilia in wild-type (WT) mice and did not alter the elevated numbers of neutrophils in RU-38486 (RU)-pretreated or ANXA1(-/-) mice injected with ACTH. Neutrophils from WT ACTH-treated mice presented higher expression of Ly6G⁺ANXA1(high), CD18(high), CD62L(high), CD49(high), CXCR4(high), and formyl-peptide receptor 1 (FPR1(low)) than those observed in RU-pretreated or ANXA1(-/-) mice. The membrane phenotype of neutrophils collected from WT ACTH-treated mice was paralleled by elevated fractions of rolling and adherent leukocytes to the cremaster postcapillary venules together with impaired neutrophil migration into inflamed air pouches in vivo and in vitro reduced formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1α)-induced chemotaxis. In an 18-h senescence protocol, neutrophils from WT ACTH-treated mice had a higher proportion of ANXAV(low)/CXCR4(low), and they were less phagocytosed by peritoneal macrophages. We conclude that alterations on HPA axis affect the pattern of membrane receptors in circulating neutrophils, which may lead to different neutrophil phenotypes in the blood. Moreover, ACTH actions render circulating neutrophils to a phenotype with early reactivity, such as in vivo leukocyte-endothelial interactions, but with impaired locomotion and clearance.
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MESH Headings
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/administration & dosage
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/blood
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism
- Animals
- Annexin A1/blood
- Annexin A1/genetics
- Annexin A1/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/drug effects
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/drug effects
- Corticosterone/blood
- Corticosterone/metabolism
- Hormone Antagonists/pharmacology
- Leukopoiesis/drug effects
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Neutrophils/drug effects
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Phagocytosis/drug effects
- Receptors, Corticotropin/agonists
- Receptors, Corticotropin/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Corticotropin/blood
- Receptors, Corticotropin/metabolism
- Stress, Physiological/drug effects
- Stress, Psychological/blood
- Stress, Psychological/immunology
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
- Stress, Psychological/pathology
- Surface Properties/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Daufenback Machado
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Santin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carine Cristiane Drewes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia Maria Oliani
- Department of Biology, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, São Paulo State University, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil; and
| | - Mauro Perretti
- The William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil;
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46
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Christoffersson G, Vågesjö E, Pettersson US, Massena S, Nilsson EK, Broman JE, Schiöth HB, Benedict C, Phillipson M. Acute sleep deprivation in healthy young men: impact on population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 41:162-72. [PMID: 24878171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of sleep greatly affects our immune system. The present study investigates the acute effects of total sleep deprivation on blood neutrophils, the most abundant immune cell in our circulation and the first cell type recruited to sites of infection. Thus, the population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils were compared in healthy young men following one night of total sleep deprivation (TSD) or after 8h regular sleep. We found that neutrophil counts were elevated after nocturnal wakefulness (2.0 ± 0.2 × 10(9)/l vs. 2.6 ± 0.2 × 10(9)/l, sleep vs. TSD, respectively) and the population contained more immature CD16(dim)/CD62L(bright) cells (0.11 ± 0.040 × 10(9)/l [5.5 ± 1.1%] vs. 0.26 ± 0.020 × 10(9)/l [9.9 ± 1.4%]). As the rise in numbers of circulating mature CD16(bright)/CD62L(bright) neutrophils was less pronounced, the fraction of this subpopulation showed a significant decrease (1.8 ± 0.15 × 10(9)/l [88 ± 1.8%] vs. 2.1 ± 0.12 × 10(9)/l [82 ± 2.8%]). The surface expression of receptors regulating mobilization of neutrophils from bone marrow was decreased (CXCR4 and CD49d on immature neutrophils; CXCR2 on mature neutrophils). The receptor CXCR2 is also involved in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and in line with this, total neutrophils produced less ROS. In addition, following sleep loss, circulating neutrophils exhibited enhanced surface levels of CD11b, which indicates enhanced granular fusion and concomitant protein translocation to the membrane. Our findings demonstrate that sleep loss exerts significant effects on population diversity and function of circulating neutrophils in healthy men. To which extent these changes could explain as to why people with poor sleep patterns are more susceptible to infections warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustaf Christoffersson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Evelina Vågesjö
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulrika S Pettersson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Massena
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emil K Nilsson
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Broman
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Benedict
- Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 593, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mia Phillipson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, BMC, P.O. Box 571, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
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47
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Sheshachalam A, Srivastava N, Mitchell T, Lacy P, Eitzen G. Granule protein processing and regulated secretion in neutrophils. Front Immunol 2014; 5:448. [PMID: 25285096 PMCID: PMC4168738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are part of a family of granulocytes that, together with eosinophils and basophils, play an essential role in innate immunity. Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes and are vital for rapid immune responses, being recruited to sites of injury or infection within minutes, where they can act as specialized phagocytic cells. However, another prominent function of neutrophils is the release of pro-inflammatory compounds, including cytokines, chemokines, and digestive enzymes, which are stored in intracellular compartments and released through regulated exocytosis. Hence, an important feature that contributes to rapid immune responses is capacity of neutrophils to synthesize and store pre-formed pro-inflammatory mediators in specialized intracellular vesicles and thus no new synthesis is required. This review will focus on advancement in three topics relevant to neutrophil secretion. First, we will examine what is known about basal level pro-inflammatory mediator synthesis, trafficking, and storage in secretory compartments. Second, we will review recent advancements in the mechanisms that control vesicle mobilization and the release of pre-formed mediators. Third, we will examine the upregulation and de novo synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators by neutrophils engaged at sites of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nutan Srivastava
- Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada ; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Troy Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Paige Lacy
- Pulmonary Research Group, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada ; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
| | - Gary Eitzen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB , Canada
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48
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Keller MF, Reiner AP, Okada Y, van Rooij FJA, Johnson AD, Chen MH, Smith AV, Morris AP, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Zonderman AB, Lettre G, Harris T, Garcia M, Bandinelli S, Qayyum R, Yanek LR, Becker DM, Becker LC, Kooperberg C, Keating B, Reis J, Tang H, Boerwinkle E, Kamatani Y, Matsuda K, Kamatani N, Nakamura Y, Kubo M, Liu S, Dehghan A, Felix JF, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, van Duijn CM, Franco OH, Longo DL, Singleton AB, Psaty BM, Evans MK, Cupples LA, Rotter JI, O'Donnell CJ, Takahashi A, Wilson JG, Ganesh SK, Nalls MA. Trans-ethnic meta-analysis of white blood cell phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6944-60. [PMID: 25096241 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
White blood cell (WBC) count is a common clinical measure used as a predictor of certain aspects of human health, including immunity and infection status. WBC count is also a complex trait that varies among individuals and ancestry groups. Differences in linkage disequilibrium structure and heterogeneity in allelic effects are expected to play a role in the associations observed between populations. Prior genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses have identified genomic loci associated with WBC and its subtypes, but much of the heritability of these phenotypes remains unexplained. Using GWAS summary statistics for over 50 000 individuals from three diverse populations (Japanese, African-American and European ancestry), a Bayesian model methodology was employed to account for heterogeneity between ancestry groups. This approach was used to perform a trans-ethnic meta-analysis of total WBC, neutrophil and monocyte counts. Ten previously known associations were replicated and six new loci were identified, including several regions harboring genes related to inflammation and immune cell function. Ninety-five percent credible interval regions were calculated to narrow the association signals and fine-map the putatively causal variants within loci. Finally, a conditional analysis was performed on the most significant SNPs identified by the trans-ethnic meta-analysis (MA), and nine secondary signals within loci previously associated with WBC or its subtypes were identified. This work illustrates the potential of trans-ethnic analysis and ascribes a critical role to multi-ethnic cohorts and consortia in exploring complex phenotypes with respect to variants that lie outside the European-biased GWAS pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux F Keller
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics Department of Biological Anthropology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Frank J A van Rooij
- Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew D Johnson
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, NHLBI Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ming-Huei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | | | - Alan B Zonderman
- Behavioral Epidemiology Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology & Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Guillaume Lettre
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Canada Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Tamara Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Bandinelli
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Firenze (ASF), Florence, Italy
| | - Rehan Qayyum
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine
| | - Lisa R Yanek
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine
| | - Diane M Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine
| | - Lewis C Becker
- GeneSTAR Research Program, Division of General Internal Medicine Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brendan Keating
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Jared Reis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hua Tang
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- The Brown Foundation, Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Koichi Matsuda
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Department of Medicine Department of Surgery, Center for Personalized Therapeutics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Simin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology ErasmusAGE, Department of Epidemiology Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI-NCHA), The Netherlands Genomics Initiative, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit Department of Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michelle K Evans
- Health Disparities Research Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Bethesda, MD, USA Boston University Department of Statistics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA Division of Genetic Outcomes, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, NHLBI Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA NHLBI Framingham Heart Study, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - James G Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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49
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de Souza AR, Zago M, Eidelman DH, Hamid Q, Baglole CJ. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) attenuation of subchronic cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary neutrophilia is associated with retention of nuclear RelB and suppression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Toxicol Sci 2014; 140:204-23. [PMID: 24752502 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is associated with chronic and enhanced pulmonary inflammation characterized by increased cytokine production and leukocyte recruitment to the lung. Although the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is well-known to mediate toxic effects of manmade environmental contaminants, the AhR has emerged as a suppressor of acute cigarette smoke-induced neutrophilia by a mechanism involving the NF-κB protein RelB. Yet individuals who smoke often smoke for many years and vary in their cigarette consumption. As there is currently no information on the AhR prevention of lung inflammation, including neutrophilia, due to varied and prolonged exposure regimes, we exposed control and AhR(-/-) mice to cigarette smoke for 2 weeks (subchronic exposure) utilizing low and high exposure protocols and evaluated pulmonary inflammation. Subchronic cigarette smoke exposure significantly increased pulmonary neutrophilia dose-dependently in AhR(-/-) mice. Surprisingly, there was no difference between smoke-exposed AhR(+/-) and AhR(-/-) mice in the expression of cytokines associated with neutrophil recruitment. Expression of pulmonary intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), an adhesion molecule involved in neutrophil migration and retention, was higher in pulmonary endothelial cells from AhR(-/-) mice. Although total lung RelB expression was increased by cigarette smoke, nuclear RelB was significantly lower in subchronically exposed AhR(-/-) mice. Inhibition of AhR activity by CH-223191 in endothelial cells potentiated ICAM-1 expression and prevented RelB nuclear translocation but had no effect on neutrophil adhesion. These data support that genetic absence of the AhR contributes to heightened pulmonary neutrophilia in response to ongoing cigarette smoke exposure. Interindividual variations in AhR expression may enhance the susceptibility to cigarette smoke-induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michela Zago
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre
| | - David H Eidelman
- Department of Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Department of Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre Department of Medicine, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2
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50
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Herrera M, Salva S, Villena J, Barbieri N, Alvarez S. Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 enhances systemic and respiratory innate immune response in immunocompromised malnourished mice. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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