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Hamamah S, Amin A, Al-Kassir AL, Chuang J, Covasa M. Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37571301 PMCID: PMC10421457 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which gut microbiota can influence these satiation signals both locally in the gastrointestinal tract and via microbiota-gut-brain communication. Then, we describe the effects of dietary interventions and associated changes in gut microbiota on satiety signals through microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Lastly, we present microbiota optimizing therapies including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and weight loss surgery that can help restore beneficial gut microbiota by enhancing satiety signals to reduce hyperphagia and subsequent obesity. Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fats induce taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota and their impact on satiation signaling pathways will help develop more targeted therapeutic interventions in delaying the onset of obesity and in furthering its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Arman Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Abdul Latif Al-Kassir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Judith Chuang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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Wu F, Chen Z, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Pan Y. The Role of SOCS3 in Regulating Meat Quality in Jinhua Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10593. [PMID: 37445769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Meat quality is an important economic trait that influences the development of the pig industry. Skeletal muscle development and glycolytic potential (GP) are two crucial aspects that significantly impact meat quality. It has been reported that abnormal skeletal muscle development and high glycogen content results in low meat quality. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying these factors are still unclear. Compared with intensive pig breeds, Chinese indigenous pig breeds, such as the Jinhua pig, express superior meat quality characteristics. The differences in the meat quality traits between Jinhua and intensive pig breeds make them suitable for uncovering the genetic mechanisms that regulate meat quality traits. In this study, the Jinhua pig breed and five intensive pig breeds, including Duroc, Landrace, Yorkshire, Berkshire, and Pietrain pig breeds, were selected as experimental materials. First, the FST and XP-EHH methods were used to screen the selective signatures on the genome in the Jinhua population. Then, combined with RNA-Seq data, the study further confirmed that SOCS3 could be a key candidate gene that influences meat quality by mediating myoblast proliferation and glycometabolism because of the down-regulated expression of SOCS3 in Jinhua pigs compared with Landrace pigs. Finally, through SOCS3 knockout (KO) and overexpression (OE) experiments in mouse C2C12 cells, the results showed that SOCS3 regulated the cell proliferation of myoblasts. Moreover, SOCS3 is involved in regulating glucose uptake by the IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Overall, these findings provide a basis for the genetic improvement of meat quality traits in the pig industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zitao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenyang Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qishan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuchun Pan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Suren Garg S, Kushwaha K, Dubey R, Gupta J. Association between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance: Insights into signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 200:110691. [PMID: 37150407 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, a metabolic disorder, is becoming a worldwide epidemic that predominantly increases the risk for various diseases including metabolic inflammation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms that link obesity with other metabolic diseases are not completely understood. In obesity, various inflammatory pathways that cause inflammation in adipose tissue of an obese individual become activated and exacerbate the disease. Obesity-induced low-grade metabolic inflammation perturbates the insulin signaling pathway and leads to insulin resistance. Researchers have identified several pathways that link the impairment of insulin resistance through obesity-induced inflammation like activation of Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, cJun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK), Wingless-related integration site (Wnt), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. In this review article, the published studies have been reviewed to identify the potential and influential role of different signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance along with the discussion on potential therapeutic strategies. Therapies targeting these signaling pathways show improvements in metabolic diseases associated with obesity, but require further testing and confirmation through clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourbh Suren Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Kriti Kushwaha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rupal Dubey
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Wu D, Zhang Z, Sun W, Yan Y, Jing M, Ma S. The effect of G0S2 on insulin sensitivity: A proteomic analysis in a G0S2-overexpressed high-fat diet mouse model. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1130350. [PMID: 37033250 PMCID: PMC10076770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1130350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown a tight relationship between the G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) and metabolic diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity and diabetes, and insulin resistance has been shown as the major risk factor for both NAFLD and T2DM. However, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between G0S2 and insulin resistance remain incompletely understood. Our study aimed to confirm the effect of G0S2 on insulin resistance, and determine whether the insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) results from G0S2 elevation. METHODS In this study, we extracted livers from mice that consumed HFD and received tail vein injections of AD-G0S2/Ad-LacZ, and performed a proteomics analysis. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that there was a total of 125 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (56 increased and 69 decreased proteins) among the identified 3583 proteins. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that four insulin signaling pathway-associated proteins were significantly upregulated and five insulin signaling pathway -associated proteins were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSION These findings show that the DEPs, which were associated with insulin resistance, are generally consistent with enhanced insulin resistance in G0S2 overexpression mice. Collectively, this study demonstrates that G0S2 may be a potential target gene for the treatment of obesity, NAFLD, and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Wu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Wenxiu Sun
- Department of Nursing, Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengzhe Jing
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Shizhan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Clinical Research Center of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, China
- Shandong Prevention and Control Engineering Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, China
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Emamgholipour S, Esmaeili F, Shabani M, Hasanpour SZ, Pilehvari M, Zabihi-Mahmoudabadi H, Motevasseli M, Shanaki M. Alterations of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels, but not promoter methylation levels in subcutaneous adipose tissues in obese women. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:7. [PMID: 36609306 PMCID: PMC9817302 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal model studies suggest that change in the members of the suppressor of the cytokine signaling (SOCS) family (mainly SOCS1 and SOCS3) is linked to the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic disorders. Moreover, epigenetic modification is involved in the transcriptional regulation of the SOCS gene family. Here, we aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression as well as gene promoter methylation of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from obese women compared to normal-weight subjects. We also intend to identify the possible association of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels with metabolic parameters in the context of obesity. METHODS This study was conducted on women with obesity (n = 24) [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m 2] and women with normal-weight (n = 22) (BMI < 25 kg/m 2). Transcript levels of SOCS1 and SOCS3 were evaluated by real-time PCR in SAT from all participants. After bisulfite treatment of DNA, methylation-specific PCR was used to assess the putative methylation of 10 CpG sites in the promoter of SOCS1 and 13 CpG sites in SOCS3 in SAT from women with obesity and normal weight. RESULTS It was found that unlike SOCS3, which disclosed an elevating expression pattern, the expression level of SOCS1 was lower in the women with obesity as compared with their non-obese counterparts (P-value = 0.03 for SOCS1 transcript level and P-value = 0.011 for SOCS3 transcript level). As for the analysis of promoter methylation, it was found that SOCS1 and SOCS3 methylation were not significantly different between the individuals with obesity and normal weight (P-value = 0.45 and P-value = 0.89). Correlation analysis indicated that the transcript level of SOCS1 mRNA expression had an inverse correlation with BMI, hs-CRP levels, HOMA-IR, and insulin levels. However, the SOCS3 transcript level showed a positive correlation with BMI, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, hip circumference, hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, insulin, fasting blood glucose, and total cholesterol. Interestingly, HOMA-IR is the predictor of the transcript level of SOCS1 (β = - 0.448, P-value = 0.003) and SOCS3 (β = 0.465, P-value = 0.002) in SAT of all participants. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to alterations of SOCS1 and SOCS3 transcript levels, but not promoter methylation levels in subcutaneous adipose tissues from women with obesity. Moreover, mRNA expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in SAT was associated with known obesity indices, insulin resistance, and hs-CRP, suggesting the contribution of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities. However, further studies are required to establish this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solaleh Emamgholipour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fataneh Esmaeili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shabani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Zahra Hasanpour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Pilehvari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Zabihi-Mahmoudabadi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Motevasseli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Seal SV, Henry M, Pajot C, Holuka C, Bailbé D, Movassat J, Darnaudéry M, Turner JD. A Holistic View of the Goto-Kakizaki Rat Immune System: Decreased Circulating Immune Markers in Non- Obese Type 2 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:896179. [PMID: 35677049 PMCID: PMC9168276 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.896179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes is a complex disorder that is now considered to have an immune component, with functional impairments in many immune cell types. Type-2 diabetes is often accompanied by comorbid obesity, which is associated with low grade inflammation. However,the immune status in Type-2 diabetes independent of obesity remains unclear. Goto-Kakizaki rats are a non-obese Type-2 diabetes model. The limited evidence available suggests that Goto-Kakizaki rats have a pro-inflammatory immune profile in pancreatic islets. Here we present a detailed overview of the adult Goto-Kakizaki rat immune system. Three converging lines of evidence: fewer pro-inflammatory cells, lower levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a clear downregulation of pro-inflammatory signalling in liver, muscle and adipose tissues indicate a limited pro-inflammatory baseline immune profile outside the pancreas. As Type-2 diabetes is frequently associated with obesity and adipocyte-released inflammatory mediators, the pro-inflammatory milieu seems not due to Type-2 diabetes per se; although this overall reduction of immune markers suggests marked immune dysfunction in Goto-Kakizaki rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehaa V Seal
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mathilde Henry
- Institut National de Recherche Pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Bordeaux Institut National Polytechnique (INP), NutriNeuro, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Clémentine Pajot
- Institut National de Recherche Pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Bordeaux Institut National Polytechnique (INP), NutriNeuro, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cyrielle Holuka
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Danielle Bailbé
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique -Unité Mixte de Recherche (CNRS UMR) 8251, Paris, France
| | - Jamileh Movassat
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire B2PE (Biologie et Pathologie du Pancréas Endocrine), Unité BFA (Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique -Unité Mixte de Recherche (CNRS UMR) 8251, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Darnaudéry
- Institut National de Recherche Pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Bordeaux Institut National Polytechnique (INP), NutriNeuro, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jonathan D Turner
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Role of Distinct Fat Depots in Metabolic Regulation and Pathological Implications. Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 186:135-176. [PMID: 35915363 DOI: 10.1007/112_2022_73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
People suffering from obesity and associated metabolic disorders including diabetes are increasing exponentially around the world. Adipose tissue (AT) distribution and alteration in their biochemical properties play a major role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that AT heterogeneity and depot-specific physiological changes are vital in the development of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues like muscle and liver. Classically, AT depots are classified into white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT); WAT is the site of fatty acid storage, while BAT is a dedicated organ of metabolic heat production. The discovery of beige adipocyte clusters in WAT depots indicates AT heterogeneity has a more central role than hither to ascribed. Therefore, we have discussed in detail the current state of understanding on cellular and molecular origin of different AT depots and their relevance toward physiological metabolic homeostasis. A major focus is to highlight the correlation between altered WAT distribution in the body and metabolic pathogenesis in animal models and humans. We have also underscored the disparity in the molecular (including signaling) changes in various WAT tissues during diabetic pathogenesis. Exercise-mediated beneficial alteration in WAT physiology/distribution that protects against metabolic disorders is evolving. Here we have discussed the depot-specific biochemical adjustments induced by different forms of exercise. A detailed understanding of the molecular details of inter-organ crosstalk via substrate utilization/storage and signaling through chemokines provide strategies to target selected WAT depots to pharmacologically mimic the benefits of exercise countering metabolic diseases including diabetes.
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Lv B, Wu Y, Lian J, Yu N, An T, Wang T, Bao X, Mo F, Zhao D, Yang X, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Gao S, Jiang G. Effects of Salvianolic acid B on RNA expression and co-expression network of lncRNAs in brown adipose tissue of obese mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114289. [PMID: 34090908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Salvianolic acid B (SalB) is a polyphenolic compound in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge ("Danshen"), which has been largely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, among others. AIM OF STUDY This study was to investigate the effects of Salvianolic acid B (SalB) on mRNA, lncRNA and circRNA's expression profile in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of obese mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-fat-diet induced obese C57BL/6J mice were treated with SalB (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Then, BAT was harvested for RNA-Seq analysis. Differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs were analyzed using the Illumina Hiseq 4000. Following this procedure, bioinformatic tools including Gene ontology (GO), KEGG pathway and lncRNA-mRNA co-network analysis were utilized. Finally, RT-qPCR was performed to validate the differentially expressed RNAs. RESULTS Compared with control group, 2532 mRNAs, 774 lncRNAs and 25 circRNAs were differentially expressed in SalB group. Additionally, 40 upregulated and 109 downregulated gene-related pathways were identified in the SalB group. Among them, metabolic pathways showed the highest enrichment coefficient in upregulated genes. Moreover, 54 up-regulated and 626 down-regulated coding mRNAs associated with lncRNA-Hsd11b1 and lncRNA-Vmp1. CONCLUSIONS SalB may play an anti-obesity role by adjusting the expression of mRNAs correlated with inflammatory response and energy metabolism through regulating the expression of lncRNA-Hsd11b1. The findings of this research provide new directions to study the mechanisms of SalB, and would open therapeutic avenues for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Lian
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Yu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tian An
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingye Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Bao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyan Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Workers' Hospital of Tangshan City, Tangshan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Workers' Hospital of Tangshan City, Tangshan, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Wang L, Mao Z, Liu X, Wei D, Liu P, Nie L, Fan K, Kang N, Song Y, Xu Q, Wang J, Wang M, Liao W, Jing T, Li W, Wang C, Huo W. Combined effects of progesterone and SOCS3 DNA methylation on T2DM: a case-control study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:181. [PMID: 34565450 PMCID: PMC8474856 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the independent and combined effects of progesterone and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 DNA methylation on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among men and postmenopausal women in rural China. METHODS A case-control study with 914 participants (329 T2DM, 585 controls) was conducted. Serum progesterone was detected with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DNA methylation of SOCS3 was determined by MethylTarget™. Linear regression was applied to evaluate the associations of progesterone and SOCS3 methylation with marks of glucose metabolism. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the independent and combined effects of progesterone and SOCS3 methylation with T2DM in men and postmenopausal women. RESULTS After multiple adjustment, progesterone was positively associated with T2DM in both men (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 2.77 (1.79, 4.29)) and postmenopausal women (OR (95% CI): 1.85 (1.26, 2.72)). Methylation level of Chr17:76,356,190 or Chr17:76,356,199 (SOCS3) was negatively associated with T2DM in both men (OR (95% CI): 0.58 (0.39, 0.86) or 0.27 (0.14, 0.51)) and postmenopausal women (OR (95% CI): 0.43 (0.29, 0.65) or 0.53 (0.28, 0.99)). Subjects with high progesterone and low Chr17:76,356,190 or Chr17:76,356,199 methylation were more susceptible to have a higher prevalence of T2DM (men: OR (95% CI): 5.20 (2.49, 10.85) or 5.62 (2.74, 11.54); postmenopausal women: OR (95% CI): 3.66 (1.85, 7.26) or 3.27 (1.66, 6.45)). CONCLUSIONS The independent and combined effects of progesterone and SOCS3 methylation on T2DM were found among men and postmenopausal women, suggesting that ensuring low levels of progesterone and high methylation of SOCS3 could reduce the prevalence of T2DM. Trial registration The Chinese Clinical Trial registration: The Henan Rural Cohort Study, ChiCTR-OOC-15006699. Registered 06 July 2015, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Luting Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jing
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Alhamdan F, Marsh LM, Pedersen F, Alhamwe BA, Thölken C, Pfefferle PI, Bahmer T, Greulich T, Potaczek DP, Garn H. Differential Regulation of Interferon Signaling Pathways in CD4 + T Cells of the Low Type-2 Obesity-Associated Asthma Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810144. [PMID: 34576307 PMCID: PMC8469911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of personalized medicine, insights into the molecular mechanisms that differentially contribute to disease phenotypes, such as asthma phenotypes including obesity-associated asthma, are urgently needed. Peripheral blood was drawn from 10 obese, non-atopic asthmatic adults with a high body mass index (BMI; 36.67 ± 6.90); 10 non-obese, non-atopic asthmatic adults with normal BMI (23.88 ± 2.73); and 10 healthy controls with normal BMI (23.62 ± 3.74). All asthmatic patients were considered to represent a low type-2 asthma phenotype according to selective clinical parameters. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was conducted on peripheral blood CD4+ T cells. Thousands of differentially expressed genes were identified in both asthma groups compared with heathy controls. The expression of interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes associated with IFN-related signaling pathways was specifically affected in obese asthmatics, while the gap junction and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ligand binding pathways were enriched in both asthma groups. Furthermore, obesity gene markers were also upregulated in CD4+ T cells from obese asthmatics compared with the two other groups. Additionally, the enriched genes of the three abovementioned pathways showed a unique correlation pattern with various laboratory and clinical parameters. The specific activation of IFN-related signaling and viral infection pathways might provide a novel view of the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of the low type-2 obesity-associated asthma phenotype, which is a step ahead in the development of new stratified therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahd Alhamdan
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.A.); (D.P.P.)
| | - Leigh M. Marsh
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Frauke Pedersen
- Lungen Clinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-22927 Großhansdorf, Germany; (F.P.); (T.B.)
| | - Bilal Alashkar Alhamwe
- Clinic for Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Institute of Tumor Immunology, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany;
- College of Pharmacy, International University for Science and Technology (IUST), Daraa 15, Syria
| | - Clemens Thölken
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35037 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Petra Ina Pfefferle
- Comprehensive Biobank Marburg (CBBMR), Member of the German Biobank Alliance (GBA) and the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Bahmer
- Lungen Clinic Grosshansdorf GmbH, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), D-22927 Großhansdorf, Germany; (F.P.); (T.B.)
- Department for Internal Medicine I, Campus Kiel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Timm Greulich
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, Department of Medicine, D-35043 Marburg, Germany;
| | - Daniel P. Potaczek
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.A.); (D.P.P.)
| | - Holger Garn
- Translational Inflammation Research Division & Core Facility for Single Cell Multiomics, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and the Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Medical Faculty, Philipps University of Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; (F.A.); (D.P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6421-2866040
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11
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Chen G, Chen J, Wu J, Ren X, Li L, Lu S, Cheng T, Tan L, Liu M, Luo Q, Liang S, Nie Q, Zhang X, Luo W. Integrative Analyses of mRNA Expression Profile Reveal SOCS2 and CISH Play Important Roles in GHR Mutation-Induced Excessive Abdominal Fat Deposition in the Sex-Linked Dwarf Chicken. Front Genet 2021; 11:610605. [PMID: 33519913 PMCID: PMC7841439 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.610605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-linked dwarf (SLD) chicken, which is caused by a recessive mutation of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), has been widely used in the Chinese broiler industry. However, it has been found that the SLD chicken has more abdominal fat deposition than normal chicken. Excessive fat deposition not only reduced the carcass quality of the broilers but also reduced the immunity of broilers to diseases. To find out the key genes and the precise regulatory pathways that were involved in the GHR mutation-induced excessive fat deposition, we used high-fat diet (HFD) and normal diet to feed the SLD chicken and normal chicken and analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the four groups. Results showed that the SLD chicken had more abdominal fat deposition and larger adipocytes size than normal chicken and HFD can promote abdominal fat deposition and induce adipocyte hypertrophy. RNA sequencing results of the livers and abdominal fats from the above chickens revealed that many DEGs between the SLD and normal chickens were enriched in fat metabolic pathways, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor pathway, and fatty acid metabolism. Importantly, by constructing and analyzing the GHR-downstream regulatory network, we found that suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) and cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) may involve in the GHR mutation-induced abdominal fat deposition in chicken. The ectopic expression of SOCS2 and CISH in liver-related cell line leghorn strain M chicken hepatoma (LMH) cell and immortalized chicken preadipocytes (ICP) revealed that these two genes can regulate fatty acid metabolism, adipocyte differentiation, and lipid droplet accumulation. Notably, overexpression of SOCS2 and CISH can rescue the hyperactive lipid metabolism and excessive lipid droplet accumulation of primary liver cell and preadipocytes that were isolated from the SLD chicken. This study found some genes and pathways involved in abdominal fat deposition of the SLD chicken and reveals that SOCS2 and CISH are two key genes involved in the GHR mutation-induced excessive fat deposition of the SLD chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genghua Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyi Ren
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiyi Lu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Cheng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangtian Tan
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manqing Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingbin Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaodong Liang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Aronia melanocarpa anthocyanin extracts are an effective regulator of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3-dependent insulin resistance in HepG2 and C2C12 cells. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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13
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Marín-Royo G, Rodríguez C, Le Pape A, Jurado-López R, Luaces M, Antequera A, Martínez-González J, Souza-Neto FV, Nieto ML, Martínez-Martínez E, Cachofeiro V. The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the metabolic alterations in diet-induced obesity in rats. FASEB J 2019; 33:12060-12072. [PMID: 31370681 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900347rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The impact of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ was evaluated in the metabolic alterations and the adipose tissue remodeling associated with obesity. Male Wistar rats were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD; 35% fat) or a standard diet (3.5% fat) for 7 wk and treated with MitoQ (200 µM). A proteomic analysis of visceral adipose tissue from patients with obesity and patients without obesity was performed. MitoQ partially prevented the increase in body weight, adiposity, homeostasis model assessment index, and adipose tissue remodeling in HFD rats. It also ameliorated protein level changes of factors involved in insulin signaling observed in adipose tissue of obese rats: reductions in adiponectin and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT 4) and increases in dipeptidylpeptidase 4, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), and insulin receptor substrate 1 phosphorylation. MitoQ prevented down-regulation of adiponectin and GLUT 4 and increases in SOCS3 levels in a TNF-α-induced insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocyte model. MitoQ also ameliorated alterations in mitochondrial proteins observed in obese rats: increases in cyclophylin F and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A and reductions in mitofusin1, peroxiredoxin 4, and fumarate hydratase. The proteomic analysis of the visceral adipose tissue from patients with obesity show alterations in mitochondrial proteins similar to those observed in obese rats. Therefore, the data show the beneficial effect of MitoQ in the metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity.-Marín-Royo, G., Rodríguez, C., Le Pape, A., Jurado-López, R., Luaces, M., Antequera, A., Martínez-González, J., Souza-Neto, F. V., Nieto, M. L., Martínez-Martínez, E., Cachofeiro, V. The role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in the metabolic alterations in diet-induced obesity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Marín-Royo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Institut de Recerca del Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB)-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aliaume Le Pape
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luaces
- Servicio de Cardiología, Instituto Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Antequera
- Surgery Department, St. Bernard's Hospital, Gibraltar, United Kingdom
| | - José Martínez-González
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona (IIBB) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (IIB)-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco V Souza-Neto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Nieto
- Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain.,Ciber de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Pedroso JAB, Ramos-Lobo AM, Donato J. SOCS3 as a future target to treat metabolic disorders. Hormones (Athens) 2019; 18:127-136. [PMID: 30414080 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-018-0078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) are a group of eight proteins responsible for preventing excessive cytokine signaling. Among this protein family, SOCS3 has received special attention. SOCS3 expression is important to control certain allergy autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, SOCS3 expression is elevated in obesity and it is involved in the inhibition of leptin and insulin signaling, two important hormones involved in the control of energy metabolism. Therefore, increased SOCS3 expression in obese individuals is associated with several metabolic disorders, including reduced energy expenditure, increased food intake and adiposity, and insulin and leptin resistance. In addition, recent studies found that SOCS3 expression regulates energy and glucose homeostasis in several metabolic conditions, such as pregnancy, caloric restriction, and refeeding. Importantly, attenuation of SOCS3 expression in most cases improves leptin and insulin sensitivity, leading to beneficial metabolic effects. This review aims to discuss the role of SOCS3 in the control of blood glucose levels as well as in energy homeostasis. The development of pharmacological compounds to inhibit SOCS3 activity and/or expression may represent a promising therapeutic approach to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and other metabolic imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- João A B Pedroso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Angela M Ramos-Lobo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
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15
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Wang Y, Cao F, Wang Y, Yu G, Jia BL. Silencing of SAA1 inhibits palmitate- or high-fat diet induced insulin resistance through suppression of the NF-κB pathway. Mol Med 2019; 25:17. [PMID: 31060494 PMCID: PMC6503374 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is one of the leading causes of insulin resistance. Accumulating reports have highlighted that serum amyloid A-1 (SAA1) is a potential candidate that is capable of attenuating insulin resistance. Hence, we conducted the current study with aims of investigating our proposed hypothesis that silencing SAA1 could inhibit the progression of obesity-induced insulin resistance through the NF-κB pathway. Methods Gene expression microarray analysis was initially performed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with obesity. Palmitate (PA)-induced insulin resistance Huh7 cell models and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mouse models were established to elucidate the effect of SAA1/Saa1 on insulin resistance. The NF-κB pathway-related expression was subsequently determined through the application of reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis. Results Saa1 was identified as an obesity-related gene based on the microarray data of GSE39549. Saa1 was determined to be highly expressed in HFD-induced insulin resistance mouse models. PA-induced Huh7 cells, treated with silenced SAA1 or NF-κB pathway inhibition using BAY 11–7082, displayed a marked decrease in both Saa1 and SOCS3 as well as an elevation in 2DG, IRS1 and the extent of IRS1 phosphorylation. HFD mice treated with silenced Saa1 or inhibited NF-κB pathway exhibited improved fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels as well as fasting plasma insulin (FPI) levels, glucose tolerance and systemic insulin sensitivity. Saa1/SAA1 was determined to show a stimulatory effect on the transport of the NF-κBp65 protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that Saa1/SAA1 could activate the NF-κB pathway. Conclusion Taken together, our key findings highlight a novel mechanism by which silencing of SAA1 hinders PA or HFD-induced insulin resistance through inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s10020-019-0075-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben-Li Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678, Furong Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
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16
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Casanova E, Salvadó J, Crescenti A, Gibert-Ramos A. Epigallocatechin Gallate Modulates Muscle Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity by Targeting Energetic and Redox Pathways: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030532. [PMID: 30691224 PMCID: PMC6387143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with the hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipose tissue, affecting the healthy secretion profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines. Increased influx of fatty acids and inflammatory adipokines from adipose tissue can induce muscle oxidative stress and inflammation and negatively regulate myocyte metabolism. Muscle has emerged as an important mediator of homeostatic control through the consumption of energy substrates, as well as governing systemic signaling networks. In muscle, obesity is related to decreased glucose uptake, deregulation of lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review focuses on the effect of epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG) on oxidative stress and inflammation, linked to the metabolic dysfunction of skeletal muscle in obesity and their underlying mechanisms. EGCG works by increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, by reversing the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in skeletal muscle and regulating mitochondria-involved autophagy. Moreover, EGCG increases muscle lipid oxidation and stimulates glucose uptake in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. EGCG acts by modulating cell signaling including the NF-κB, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ester Casanova
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Josepa Salvadó
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Anna Crescenti
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Albert Gibert-Ramos
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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17
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Gao Y, Zhao H, Wang P, Wang J, Zou L. The roles of SOCS3 and STAT3 in bacterial infection and inflammatory diseases. Scand J Immunol 2018; 88:e12727. [PMID: 30341772 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Translational Neuroscience & Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy; The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University; Yichang China
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Honglei Zhao
- Translational Neuroscience & Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy; The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University; Yichang China
- Department of Oncology-Pathology; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Peng Wang
- Translational Neuroscience & Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy; The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University; Yichang China
| | - Jun Wang
- Translational Neuroscience & Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy; The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University; Yichang China
| | - Lili Zou
- Translational Neuroscience & Neural Regeneration and Repair Institute/Institute of Cell Therapy; The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University; Yichang China
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18
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Wang Y, Cheng YS, Yin XQ, Yu G, Jia BL. Anxa2 gene silencing attenuates obesity-induced insulin resistance by suppressing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C223-C234. [PMID: 30462534 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00242.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) continues to pose a major threat to public health due to its role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and its ever-increasing prevalence on a global scale. The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of Anxa2 in obesity-induced IR through the mediation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Microarray analysis was performed to screen differentially expressed genes associated with obesity. To verify whether Anxa2 was differentially expressed in IR triggered by obesity, IR mouse models were established in connection with a high-fat diet (HFD). In the mouse IR model, the role of differentially expressed Anxa2 in glycometabolism and IR was subsequently detected. To investigate the effect of Anxa2 on IR and its correlation with inflammation, a palmitic acid (PA)-induced IR cell model was established, with the relationship between Anxa2 and the NF-κB signaling pathway investigated accordingly. Anxa2 was determined to be highly expressed in IR. Silencing Anxa2 was shown to inhibit IR triggered by obesity. When Anxa2 was knocked down, elevated expression of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), IRS1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1a, and glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity along with 2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake was detected, whereas decreased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and p50 was observed. Taken together, the current study ultimately demonstrated that Anxa2 may be a novel drug strategy for IR disruption, indicating that Anxa2 gene silencing is capable of alleviating PA or HFD-induced IR and inflammation through its negative regulatory role in the process of p50 nuclear translocation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
| | - Ben-Li Jia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei , People's Republic of China
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19
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No Additive Effects of Polyphenol Supplementation and Exercise Training on White Adiposity Determinants of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Insulin-Resistant Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7406946. [PMID: 29849911 PMCID: PMC5924968 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7406946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the major insulin resistance instigators is excessive adiposity and visceral fat depots. Individually, exercise training and polyphenol intake are known to exert health benefits as improving insulin sensitivity. However, their combined curative effects on established obesity and insulin resistance need further investigation particularly on white adipose tissue alterations. Therefore, we compared the effects on different white adipose tissue depot alterations of a combination of exercise and grape polyphenol supplementation in obese insulin-resistant rats fed a high-fat diet to the effects of a high-fat diet alone or a nutritional supplementation of grape polyphenols (50 mg/kg/day) or exercise training (1 hr/day to 5 days/wk consisting of treadmill running at 32 m/min for a 10% slope), for a total duration of 8 weeks. Separately, polyphenol supplementation and exercise decreased the quantity of all adipose tissue depots and mesenteric inflammation. Exercise reduced adipocytes' size in all fat stores. Interestingly, combining exercise to polyphenol intake presents no more cumulative benefit on adipose tissue alterations than exercise alone. Insulin sensitivity was improved at systemic, epididymal, and inguinal adipose tissues levels in trained rats thus indicating that despite their effects on adipocyte morphological/metabolic changes, polyphenols at nutritional doses remain less effective than exercise in fighting insulin resistance.
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20
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Sun W, Sun J, Zhang B, Xing Y, Yu X, Li X, Xiu Z, Dong Y. Baicalein improves insulin resistance via regulating SOCS3 and enhances the effect of acarbose on diabetes prevention. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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21
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Gliniak CM, Brown JM, Noy N. The retinol-binding protein receptor STRA6 regulates diurnal insulin responses. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:15080-15093. [PMID: 28733465 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.782334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been appreciated that insulin action is closely tied to circadian rhythms. However, the mechanisms that dictate diurnal insulin sensitivity in metabolic tissues are not well understood. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been implicated as a driver of insulin resistance in rodents and humans, and it has become an attractive drug target in type II diabetes. RBP4 is synthesized primarily in the liver where it binds retinol and transports it to tissues throughout the body. The retinol-RBP4 complex (holo-RBP) can be recognized by a cell-surface receptor known as stimulated by retinoic acid 6 (STRA6), which transports retinol into cells. Coupled to retinol transport, holo-RBP can activate STRA6-driven Janus kinase (JAK) signaling and downstream induction of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) target genes. STRA6 signaling in white adipose tissue has been shown to inhibit insulin receptor responses. Here, we examined diurnal rhythmicity of the RBP4/STRA6 signaling axis and investigated whether STRA6 is necessary for diurnal variations in insulin sensitivity. We show that adipose tissue STRA6 undergoes circadian patterning driven in part by the nuclear transcription factor REV-ERBα. Furthermore, STRA6 is necessary for diurnal rhythmicity of insulin action and JAK/STAT signaling in adipose tissue. These findings establish that holo-RBP and its receptor STRA6 are potent regulators of diurnal insulin responses and suggest that the holo-RBP/STRA6 signaling axis may represent a novel therapeutic target in type II diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Gliniak
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and.,the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
| | - J Mark Brown
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and .,the Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.,the Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 and
| | - Noa Noy
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and
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22
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Houde VP, Donzelli S, Sacconi A, Galic S, Hammill JA, Bramson JL, Foster RA, Tsakiridis T, Kemp BE, Grasso G, Blandino G, Muti P, Steinberg GR. AMPK β1 reduces tumor progression and improves survival in p53 null mice. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1143-1155. [PMID: 28544264 PMCID: PMC5579332 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein complex that is an important sensor of cellular energy status. Reduced expression of the AMPK β1 isoform has been linked to reduced survival in different cancers, but whether this accelerates tumor progression and the potential mechanism mediating these effects are not known. Furthermore, it is unknown whether AMPK β1 is implicated in tumorigenesis, and if so, what tissues may be most sensitive. In the current study, we find that in the absence of the tumor suppressor p53, germline genetic deletion of AMPK β1 accelerates the appearance of a T-cell lymphoma that reduces lifespan compared to p53 deficiency alone. This increased tumorigenesis is linked to increases in interleukin-1β (IL1β), reductions in acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, and elevated lipogenesis. Collectively, these data indicate that reductions in the AMPK β1 subunit accelerate the development of T-cell lymphoma, suggesting that therapies targeting this AMPK subunit or inhibiting lipogenesis may be effective for limiting the proliferation of p53-mutant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa P Houde
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Sara Donzelli
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Sandra Galic
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne A Hammill
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jonathan L Bramson
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Robert A Foster
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada
| | | | - Bruce E Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Blandino
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Muti
- Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Gregory R Steinberg
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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23
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Hetzler KL, Hardee JP, LaVoie HA, Murphy EA, Carson JA. Ovarian function's role during cancer cachexia progression in the female mouse. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E447-E459. [PMID: 28292759 PMCID: PMC5451525 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00294.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cachexia is a debilitating condition that occurs with chronic disease, including cancer; our research has shown that some regulation of cancer cachexia progression is affected by sex differences. The ApcMin/+ mouse is genetically predisposed to develop intestinal tumors; IL-6 signaling and hypogonadism are associated with cachexia severity in the male. This relationship in the female warrants further investigation, as we have shown that the ability of IL-6 to induce cachexia differs between the sexes. Since ovarian reproductive function relies on a complex system of endocrine signaling to affect whole body homeostasis, we examined the relationship between ovarian reproductive function and progression of cancer cachexia in the female ApcMin/+ mouse. Our study of ovarian reproductive function in female ApcMin/+ mice showed disease-related cessation of estrous cycling (acyclicity) in 38% of mice. Acyclicity, including morphological and functional losses and enhanced muscle inflammatory gene expression, was associated with severe cachexia. Interestingly, ovariectomy rescued body weight and muscle mass and function but increased muscle sensitivity to systemic IL-6 overexpression. In conclusion, our results provide evidence for a relationship between ovarian reproductive function and cachexia progression in female ApcMin/+ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimbell L Hetzler
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Justin P Hardee
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Holly A LaVoie
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - James A Carson
- Integrative Muscle Biology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina;
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
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24
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Feuer S, Liu X, Donjacour A, Simbulan R, Maltepe E, Rinaudo P. Common and specific transcriptional signatures in mouse embryos and adult tissues induced by in vitro procedures. Reproduction 2016; 153:REP-16-0473. [PMID: 27799627 PMCID: PMC5411347 DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Stressful environmental exposures incurred early in development can affect postnatal metabolic health and susceptibility to non-communicable diseases in adulthood, although the molecular mechanisms by which this occurs have yet to be elucidated. Here we use a mouse model to investigate how assorted in vitro exposures restricted exclusively to the preimplantation period affect transcription both acutely in embryos and long-term in subsequent offspring adult tissues, to determine if reliable transcriptional markers of in vitro stress are present at specific developmental time points and throughout development. Each in vitro fertilization or embryo culture environment led to a specific and unique blastocyst transcriptional profile, but we identified a common 18-gene and 9-pathway signature of preimplantation embryo manipulation that was present in all in vitro embryos irrespective of culture condition or method of fertilization. This fingerprint did not persist throughout development and there was no clear transcriptional cohesion between adult IVF offspring tissues or compared to their preceding embryos, indicating a tissue-specific impact of in vitro stress on gene expression. However, the transcriptional changes present in each IVF tissue were targeted by the same upstream transcriptional regulators, which provide insight as to how acute transcriptional responses to stressful environmental exposures might be preserved throughout development to influence adult gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sky Feuer
- S Feuer, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- X Liu, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Annemarie Donjacour
- A Donjacour, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Rhodel Simbulan
- R Simbulan, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Emin Maltepe
- E Maltepe, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Paolo Rinaudo
- P Rinaudo, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, 94115, United States
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25
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MacPherson REK, Gamu D, Frendo-Cumbo S, Castellani L, Kwon F, Tupling AR, Wright DC. Sarcolipin knockout mice fed a high-fat diet exhibit altered indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016; 24:1499-505. [PMID: 27345961 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling in high-fat diet (HFD) sarcolipin-knockout (SLN(-) (/-) ) mice. SLN regulates muscle-based nonshivering thermogenesis and is up-regulated with HFD. SLN(-) (/-) mice develop greater diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. This is accompanied by increases in circulating catecholamines and fatty acids. Catecholamines and fatty acids play a role in the pathology of adipose tissue inflammation. METHODS Male mice (wild type and SLN(-) (/-) ) were fed a HFD (42% kcal from fat) for 8 weeks. RESULTS SLN(-) (/-) mice displayed greater obesity and glucose intolerance. This was accompanied by higher circulating epinephrine and nonesterified fatty acids. Epididymal but not inguinal subcutaneous adipose tissue from SLN(-) (/-) mice displayed higher interleukin-6, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression, and this was associated with increased markers of macrophage infiltration (F4/80 expression and crown-like structures) and M1 polarization (higher CD11c expression and CD11c/MGL1). Interestingly, this occurred despite SLN(-) (/-) mice having smaller adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS In conditions of nutrient excess, SLN(-) (/-) mice display depot-specific increases in indices of adipose tissue inflammation and remodeling. This could be a compensatory response to reductions in muscle-based thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E K MacPherson
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Gamu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura Castellani
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frenk Kwon
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Wada T, Sunaga H, Miyata K, Shirasaki H, Uchiyama Y, Shimba S. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Plays Protective Roles against High Fat Diet (HFD)-induced Hepatic Steatosis and the Subsequent Lipotoxicity via Direct Transcriptional Regulation of Socs3 Gene Expression. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:7004-16. [PMID: 26865635 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.693655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor regulating the expression of genes involved in xenobiotic response. Recent studies have suggested that AhR plays essential roles not only in xenobiotic detoxification but also energy metabolism. Thus, in this study, we studied the roles of AhR in lipid metabolism. Under high fat diet (HFD) challenge, liver-specific AhR knock-out (AhR LKO) mice exhibited severe steatosis, inflammation, and injury in the liver. Gene expression analysis and biochemical study revealed thatde novolipogenesis activity was significantly increased in AhR LKO mice. In contrast, induction of suppressor of cytokine signal 3 (Socs3) expression by HFD was attenuated in the livers of AhR LKO mice. Rescue of theSocs3gene in the liver of AhR LKO mice cancelled the HFD-induced hepatic lipotoxicities. Promoter analysis established Socs3 as novel transcriptional target of AhR. These results indicated that AhR plays a protective role against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and the subsequent lipotoxicity effects, such as inflammation, and that the mechanism of protection involves the direct transcriptional regulation ofSocs3expression by AhR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taira Wada
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sunaga
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuki Miyata
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Haruno Shirasaki
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Uchiyama
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeki Shimba
- From the Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8555, Japan
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27
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SOCS3 promotes inflammation and apoptosis via inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Immunobiology 2015; 220:947-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Miana M, Galán M, Martínez-Martínez E, Varona S, Jurado-López R, Bausa-Miranda B, Antequera A, Luaces M, Martínez-González J, Rodríguez C, Cachofeiro V. The lysyl oxidase inhibitor β-aminopropionitrile reduces body weight gain and improves the metabolic profile in diet-induced obesity in rats. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:543-51. [PMID: 26035864 PMCID: PMC4457038 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling of the adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of obesity. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of amine oxidases, including LOX and LOX-like (LOXL) isoenzymes, controls ECM maturation, and upregulation of LOX activity is essential in fibrosis; however, its involvement in adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity is unclear. In this study, we observed that LOX is the main isoenzyme expressed in human adipose tissue and that its expression is strongly upregulated in samples from obese individuals that had been referred to bariatric surgery. LOX expression was also induced in the adipose tissue from male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Interestingly, treatment with β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN), a specific and irreversible inhibitor of LOX activity, attenuated the increase in body weight and fat mass that was observed in obese animals and shifted adipocyte size toward smaller adipocytes. BAPN also ameliorated the increase in collagen content that was observed in adipose tissue from obese animals and improved several metabolic parameters – it ameliorated glucose and insulin levels, decreased homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and reduced plasma triglyceride levels. Furthermore, in white adipose tissue from obese animals, BAPN prevented the downregulation of adiponectin and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), as well as the increase in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) levels, triggered by the HFD. Likewise, in the TNFα-induced insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocyte model, BAPN prevented the downregulation of adiponectin and GLUT4 and the increase in SOCS3 levels, and consequently normalised insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Therefore, our data provide evidence that LOX plays a pathologically relevant role in the metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity and emphasise the interest of novel pharmacological interventions that target adipose tissue fibrosis and LOX activity for the clinical management of this disease. Highlighted Article: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) could play a role in the metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity, and consequently the inhibition of LOX activity could be a valuable strategy to ameliorate obesity-related metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Miana
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - María Galán
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain Cardiovascular Translational Research, NavarraBiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Pamplona 31008, Spain
| | - Saray Varona
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Raquel Jurado-López
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Belén Bausa-Miranda
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
| | - Alfonso Antequera
- Upper Gastroenterology & Bariatric Surgery Department, Fuenlabrada University Hospital, Madrid 28942, Spain
| | - María Luaces
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - José Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Cardiovascular (CSIC-ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain
| | - Victoria Cachofeiro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid 28007, Spain
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Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins as guardians of inflammatory responses critical for regulating insulin sensitivity. Biochem J 2014; 461:177-88. [PMID: 24966052 DOI: 10.1042/bj20140143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Overactivation of immune pathways in obesity is an important cause of insulin resistance and thus new approaches aimed to limit inflammation or its consequences may be effective for treating Type 2 diabetes. The SOCS (suppressors of cytokine signalling) are a family of proteins that play an essential role in mediating inflammatory responses in both immune cells and metabolic organs such as the liver, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. In the present review we discuss the role of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in controlling immune cells such as macrophages and T-cells and the impact this can have on systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. We also dissect the mechanisms by which SOCS (1-7) regulate insulin signalling in different tissues including their impact on the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates. Lastly, we discuss the important findings from SOCS whole-body and tissue-specific null mice, which implicate an important role for these proteins in controlling insulin action and glucose homoeostasis in obesity.
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30
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O'Neill HM, Lally JS, Galic S, Thomas M, Azizi PD, Fullerton MD, Smith BK, Pulinilkunnil T, Chen Z, Samaan MC, Jorgensen SB, Dyck JRB, Holloway GP, Hawke TJ, van Denderen BJ, Kemp BE, Steinberg GR. AMPK phosphorylation of ACC2 is required for skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity in mice. Diabetologia 2014; 57:1693-702. [PMID: 24913514 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity is characterised by lipid accumulation in skeletal muscle, which increases the risk of developing insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status and is activated in skeletal muscle by exercise, hormones (leptin, adiponectin, IL-6) and pharmacological agents (5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside [AICAR] and metformin). Phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (ACC2) at S221 (S212 in mice) by AMPK reduces ACC activity and malonyl-CoA content but the importance of the AMPK-ACC2-malonyl-CoA pathway in controlling fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity is not understood; therefore, we characterised Acc2 S212A knock-in (ACC2 KI) mice. METHODS Whole-body and skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and insulin sensitivity were assessed in ACC2 KI mice and wild-type littermates. RESULTS ACC2 KI mice were resistant to increases in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation elicited by AICAR. These mice had normal adiposity and liver lipids but elevated contents of triacylglycerol and ceramide in skeletal muscle, which were associated with hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings indicate that the phosphorylation of ACC2 S212 is required for the maintenance of skeletal muscle lipid and glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley M O'Neill
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, HSC 4N63, McMaster University, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON, Canada, L8N 3Z5
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31
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Bujak AL, Blümer RME, Marcinko K, Fullerton MD, Kemp BE, Steinberg GR. Reduced skeletal muscle AMPK and mitochondrial markers do not promote age-induced insulin resistance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:171-9. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01101.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In both rodents and humans, aging-associated reductions in skeletal muscle AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and mitochondrial function have been linked to the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. However, whether reductions in skeletal muscle AMPK and mitochondrial capacity actually precipitate the development of aging-induced insulin resistance is not known. Mice lacking both isoforms of the AMPK β-subunit in skeletal muscle (AMPK-MKO) have no detectable AMPK activity and are characterized by large reductions in exercise capacity, mitochondrial content, and contraction-stimulated glucose uptake making them an ideal model to determine whether reductions in AMPK and mitochondrial content promote the development of aging-induced insulin resistance. In the current study we find that a lack of skeletal muscle AMPK results in a life-long reduction in mitochondrial activity but does not affect body mass, body composition, glucose tolerance, or insulin sensitivity as measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in mice of old age (18 mo). These data demonstrate that reductions in skeletal muscle AMPK and mitochondrial activity do not cause the development of age-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L. Bujak
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Regje M. E. Blümer
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katarina Marcinko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morgan D. Fullerton
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce E. Kemp
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
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Wunderlich CM, Hövelmeyer N, Wunderlich FT. Mechanisms of chronic JAK-STAT3-SOCS3 signaling in obesity. JAKSTAT 2014; 2:e23878. [PMID: 24058813 PMCID: PMC3710326 DOI: 10.4161/jkst.23878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways are critical for the maintenance of homeostatic and developmental processes; however, deregulation and chronic activation of JAK-STAT3 results in numerous diseases. Among others, obesity is currently being intensively studied. In obesity, chronic JAK-STAT3 is activated by the CNS by increased circulating leptin levels leading to the development of leptin resistance, whereas in the peripheral organs chronic IL-6-induced JAK-STAT3 impairs insulin action. We report the consequences of chronic JAK-STAT3 induced signaling as present under obese conditions in the main metabolic organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia M Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research; Institute for Genetics; University of Cologne and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center of Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); Cologne, Germany
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Castellani L, Root-Mccaig J, Frendo-Cumbo S, Beaudoin MS, Wright DC. Exercise training protects against an acute inflammatory insult in mouse epididymal adipose tissue. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 116:1272-80. [PMID: 24674860 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00074.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training reduces systemic and adipose tissue inflammation. However, these beneficial effects seem to be largely tied to reductions in adipose tissue mass. The purpose of the present study was to determine if exercise training confers a protective effect against an acute inflammatory challenge. We hypothesized that the induction of inflammatory markers, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), and TNF-α by the beta-3 adrenergic agonist CL 316,243 would be reduced in adipose tissue from trained mice and this would be associated with reductions in transient receptor potential cation channel 4 (TRPV4), a protein recently shown to regulate the expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Exercise training (4 wk of treadmill running, 1 h/day, 5 days/wk) increased markers of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and the induction of PPAR-gamma coactivator 1 alpha in epididymal adipose tissue. The mRNA expression of IL-6, SOCS3, and TNFα were not different in subcutaneous and epididymal adipose tissue from sedentary and trained mice; however, the CL 316,243-mediated induction of these genes was attenuated ∼50% in epididymal adipose tissue from trained mice as were increases in plasma IL-6. The effects of training were not explained by reductions in lipolytic responsiveness, but were associated with decreases in TRPV4 protein content. These results highlight a previously unappreciated anti-inflammatory effect of exercise training on adipose tissue immunometabolism and underscores the value of assessing adipose tissue inflammation in the presence of an inflammatory insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Castellani
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jared Root-Mccaig
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Frendo-Cumbo
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Soleil Beaudoin
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Wright
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Carow B, Rottenberg ME. SOCS3, a Major Regulator of Infection and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2014; 5:58. [PMID: 24600449 PMCID: PMC3928676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we describe the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (SOCS3) in modulating the outcome of infections and autoimmune diseases as well as the underlying mechanisms. SOCS3 regulates cytokine or hormone signaling usually preventing, but in some cases aggravating, a variety of diseases. A main role of SOCS3 results from its binding to both the JAK kinase and the cytokine receptor, which results in the inhibition of STAT3 activation. Available data also indicate that SOCS3 can regulate signaling via other STATs than STAT3 and also controls cellular pathways unrelated to STAT activation. SOCS3 might either act directly by hampering JAK activation or by mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation of the cytokine/growth factor/hormone receptor. Inflammation and infection stimulate SOCS3 expression in different myeloid and lymphoid cell populations as well as in diverse non-hematopoietic cells. The accumulated data suggest a relevant program coordinated by SOCS3 in different cell populations, devoted to the control of immune homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions such as infection and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Carow
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Martin E Rottenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
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Fan N, Sun H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xia Z, Peng L, Hou Y, Shen W, Liu R, Peng Y. Midkine, a potential link between obesity and insulin resistance. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88299. [PMID: 24516630 PMCID: PMC3917881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased production of inflammatory mediators in adipose tissue, which contributes to chronic inflammation and insulin resistance. Midkine (MK) is a heparin-binding growth factor with potent proinflammatory activities. We aimed to test whether MK is associated with obesity and has a role in insulin resistance. It was found that MK was expressed in adipocytes and regulated by inflammatory modulators (TNF-α and rosiglitazone). In addition, a significant increase in MK levels was observed in adipose tissue of obese ob/ob mice as well as in serum of overweight/obese subjects when compared with their respective controls. In vitro studies further revealed that MK impaired insulin signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, as indicated by reduced phosphorylation of Akt and IRS-1 and decreased translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane in response to insulin stimulation. Moreover, MK activated the STAT3-suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) pathway in adipocytes. Thus, MK is a novel adipocyte-secreted factor associated with obesity and inhibition of insulin signaling in adipocytes. It may provide a potential link between obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengguang Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenhua Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiang Hou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqin Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Songjiang Center Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Downregulation of STRA6 in adipocytes and adipose stromovascular fraction in obesity and effects of adipocyte-specific STRA6 knockdown in vivo. Mol Cell Biol 2014; 34:1170-86. [PMID: 24421389 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01106-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanisms by which elevated retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) causes insulin resistance, we studied the role of the high-affinity receptor for RBP4, STRA6 (stimulated by retinoic acid), in insulin resistance and obesity. In high-fat-diet-fed and ob/ob mice, STRA6 expression was decreased 70 to 95% in perigonadal adipocytes and both perigonadal and subcutaneous adipose stromovascular cells. To determine whether downregulation of STRA6 in adipocytes contributes to insulin resistance, we generated adipose-Stra6(-/-) mice. Adipose-Stra6(-/-) mice fed chow had decreased body weight, fat mass, leptin levels, insulin levels, and adipocyte number and increased expression of brown fat-selective markers in white adipose tissue. When fed a high-fat diet, these mice had a mild improvement in insulin sensitivity at an age when adiposity was unchanged. STRA6 has been implicated in retinol uptake, but retinol uptake and the expression of retinoid homeostatic genes (encoding retinoic acid receptor β [RARβ], CYP26A1, and lecithin retinol acyltransferase) were not altered in adipocytes from adipose-Stra6(-/-) mice, indicating that retinoid homeostasis was maintained with STRA6 knockdown. Thus, STRA6 reduction in adipocytes in adipose-Stra6(-/-) mice fed chow resulted in leanness, which may contribute to their increased insulin sensitivity. However, in wild-type mice with high-fat-diet-induced obesity and in ob/ob mice, the marked downregulation of STRA6 in adipocytes and adipose stromovascular cells does not compensate for obesity-associated insulin resistance.
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Feng X, Tang H, Leng J, Jiang Q. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) and type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2265-74. [PMID: 24414000 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins are originally identified as negative regulators of cytokine-activated Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway, but increasing evidence reveals that SOCS proteins play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes involving regulation of the insulin signaling and pancreatic β-cell function, and that SOCS are promising to be the targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this review, we focus on the emerging role for SOCS and the potential drugs targeting SOCS for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Feng
- Guangxi Scientific Experimental Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
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38
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Regulation of adipose tissue T cell subsets by Stat3 is crucial for diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:13079-84. [PMID: 23878227 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311557110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammation in adipose tissue, marked by increased proinflammatory T-cell accumulation and reduced regulatory T cells (Tregs), contributes to obesity-associated insulin resistance. The molecular mechanisms underlying T-cell-mediated inflammation in adipose tissue remain largely unknown, however. Here we show a crucial role for signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in T cells in skewing adaptive immunity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), thereby contributing to diet-induced obesity (DIO) and insulin resistance. Stat3 activity is elevated in obese VAT and in VAT-resident T cells. Functional ablation of Stat3 in T cells reduces DIO, improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and suppresses VAT inflammation. Importantly, Stat3 ablation reverses the high Th1/Treg ratio in VAT of DIO mice that is likely secondary to elevated IL-6 production, leading in turn to suppression of Tregs. In addition, Stat3 in T cells in DIO mice affects adipose tissue macrophage accumulation and M2 phenotype. Our study identifies Stat3 in VAT-resident T cells as an important mediator and direct target for regulating adipose tissue inflammation, DIO, and its associated metabolic dysfunctions.
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Fuente-Martín E, Argente-Arizón P, Ros P, Argente J, Chowen JA. Sex differences in adipose tissue: It is not only a question of quantity and distribution. Adipocyte 2013; 2:128-34. [PMID: 23991358 PMCID: PMC3756100 DOI: 10.4161/adip.24075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated secondary complications are active areas of investigation in search of effective treatments. As a result of this intensified research numerous differences between males and females at all levels of metabolic control have come to the forefront. These differences include not only the amount and distribution of adipose tissue, but also differences in its metabolic capacity and functions between the sexes. Here, we review some of the recent advances in our understanding of these dimorphisms and emphasize the fact that these differences between males and females must be taken into consideration in hopes of obtaining successful treatments for both sexes.
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Berryman DE, Lubbers ER, Magon V, List EO, Kopchick JJ. A dwarf mouse model with decreased GH/IGF-1 activity that does not experience life-span extension: potential impact of increased adiposity, leptin, and insulin with advancing age. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 69:131-41. [PMID: 23695394 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced growth hormone (GH) action is associated with extended longevity in many vertebrate species. GH receptor (GHR) null (GHR(-)(/-)) mice, which have a disruption in the GHR gene, are a well-studied example of mice that are insulin sensitive and long lived yet obese. However, unlike other mouse lines with reduced GH action, GH receptor antagonist (GHA) transgenic mice have reduced GH action yet exhibit a normal, not extended, life span. Understanding why GHA mice do not have extended life span though they share many physiological attributes with GHR(-)(/-) mice will help provide clues about how GH influences aging. For this study, we examined age- and sex-related changes in body composition, glucose homeostasis, circulating adipokines, and tissue weights in GHA mice and littermate controls. Compared with previous studies with GHR(-)(/-) mice, GHA mice had more significant increases in fat mass with advancing age. The increased obesity resulted in significant adipokine changes. Euglycemia was maintained in GHA mice; however, hyperinsulinemia developed in older male GHA mice. Overall, GHA mice experience a more substantial, generalized obesity accompanied by altered adipokine levels and glucose homeostasis than GHR(-)(/-) mice, which becomes more exaggerated with advancing age and which likely contributes to the lack of life-span extension in these mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene E Berryman
- RD, LD, E338 Grover Center, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701.
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41
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Jiang Y, Pagadala J, Miller D, Steinle JJ. Reduced insulin receptor signaling in retinal Müller cells cultured in high glucose. Mol Vis 2013; 19:804-11. [PMID: 23592917 PMCID: PMC3626298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure key proteins involved in insulin resistance in retinal Müller cells. METHODS Cells known as retinal Müller cells were cultured in normal (5 mM) or high glucose (25 mM) to mimic a diabetic condition. Cells were treated with 50 nM Compound 49b, a novel β-adrenergic receptor agonist. Additional cells were treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against protein kinase A or cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) responsive element binding protein (CREB). Western blotting or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements were made for protein changes in TNFα, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), insulin receptor (IR), Akt, and cell death proteins (Fas, fas ligand, cytochrome C, Bax, cleaved caspase 3, and Bcl-xL). RESULTS Hyperglycemia significantly increased TNFα and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 levels. This was associated with increased phosphorylation of IRS-1(Ser307) and IR(Tyr960), with decreased phosphorylation of IR(Tyr1150/1151) and Akt(Ser473). The reduced insulin receptor and Akt phosphorylation led to a significant increase in proapoptotic proteins. Compound 49b reversed the loss of Akt and IR(Tyr1150/1151) phosphorylation, reducing Müller cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Hyperglycemia-induced TNFα levels promote insulin resistance in retinal Müller cells, noted through increased phosphorylation of IRS-1(Ser307) and IR(Tyr960). The dysfunctional insulin signaling increases apoptosis of retinal Müller cells, which is blocked through treatment with Compound 49b. Taken together, β-adrenergic receptor agonists may protect retinal Müller cells through maintenance of normal insulin receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youde Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Jayaprakash Pagadala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Duane Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Jena J. Steinle
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN,Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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Sarvas JL, Khaper N, Lees SJ. The IL-6 Paradox: Context Dependent Interplay of SOCS3 and AMPK. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; Suppl 13. [PMID: 24244888 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6156.s13-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance is the principle step towards the progression of type 2 diabetes, and has been linked to increased circulating levels of cytokines, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation. Specifically, in chronic disease states increased IL-6 is thought to play a critical role in the regulation of insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues, and has been used as a marker of insulin resistance. There is also an endogenous up-regulation of IL-6 in response to exercise, which has been linked to improved insulin sensitivity. This leads to the question "how can elevated IL-6 lead to the development of insulin resistance, and yet also lead to increased insulin sensitivity?" Resolving the dual role of IL-6 in regulating insulin resistance/sensitivity is critical to the development of potential therapeutic interventions. This review summarizes the literature on the seemingly paradoxical role of elevated IL-6 on insulin signalling, including the activation of AMPK and the involvement of leptin and SOCS3.
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Tanti JF, Ceppo F, Jager J, Berthou F. Implication of inflammatory signaling pathways in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2012; 3:181. [PMID: 23316186 PMCID: PMC3539134 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2012.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by the development of a low-grade chronic inflammatory state in different metabolic tissues including adipose tissue and liver. This inflammation develops in response to an excess of nutrient flux and is now recognized as an important link between obesity and insulin resistance. Several dietary factors like saturated fatty acids and glucose as well as changes in gut microbiota have been proposed as triggers of this metabolic inflammation through the activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), including Toll-like receptors (TLR), inflammasome, and nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD). The consequences are the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the recruitment of immune cells such as macrophages and T lymphocytes in metabolic tissues. Inflammatory cytokines activate several kinases like IKKβ, mTOR/S6 kinase, and MAP kinases as well as SOCS proteins that interfere with insulin signaling and action in adipocytes and hepatocytes. In this review, we summarize recent studies demonstrating that PRRs and stress kinases are important integrators of metabolic and inflammatory stress signals in metabolic tissues leading to peripheral and central insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. We discuss recent data obtained with genetically modified mice and pharmacological approaches suggesting that these inflammatory pathways are potential novel pharmacological targets for the management of obesity-associated insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Tanti
- INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team “Molecular and Cellular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes”Nice, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisNice, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-François Tanti, INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Bâtiment Archimed, 151, route de St. Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06204, Nice Cedex 3, France. e-mail:
| | - Franck Ceppo
- INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team “Molecular and Cellular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes”Nice, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisNice, France
| | - Jennifer Jager
- INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team “Molecular and Cellular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes”Nice, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisNice, France
| | - Flavien Berthou
- INSERM U1065, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team “Molecular and Cellular Physiopathology of Obesity and Diabetes”Nice, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia-AntipolisNice, France
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