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Zhao S, Lin H, Li W, Xu X, Wu Q, Wang Z, Shi J, Chen Y, Ye L, Xi L, Chen L, Yuan M, Su J, Gao A, Jin J, Ying X, Wang X, Ye Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Deng X, Shen B, Gu W, Ning G, Wang W, Hong J, Wang J, Liu R. Post sleeve gastrectomy-enriched gut commensal Clostridia promotes secondary bile acid increase and weight loss. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2462261. [PMID: 39915243 PMCID: PMC11810084 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2462261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 02/12/2025] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is altered after bariatric surgery and is associated with weight loss. However, the commensal bacteria involved and the underlying mechanism remain to be determined. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing in obese subjects before and longitudinally after sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and found a significant enrichment in microbial species in Clostridia and bile acid metabolizing genes after SG treatment. Bile acid profiling further revealed decreased primary bile acids (PBAs) and increased conjugated secondary bile acids (C-SBAs) after SG. Specifically, glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) were increased at different follow-ups after SG, and were associated with the increased abundance of Clostridia and body weight reduction. Fecal microbiome transplantation with post-SG feces increased SBA levels, and alleviated body weight gain in the recipient mice. Furthermore, both Clostridia-enriched spore-forming bacteria and GDCA supplementation increased the expression of genes responsible for lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation in adipose tissue and reduced adiposity via Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signaling. Our findings reveal post-SG gut microbiome and C-SBAs as contributory to SG-induced weight loss, in part via TGR5 signaling, and suggest SBA-producing gut microbes as a potential therapeutic target for obesity intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqian Zhao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huibin Lin
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Qihan Wu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Juan Shi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingxia Ye
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuqing Xi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijia Chen
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyang Yuan
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junlei Su
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aibo Gao
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiabin Jin
- Pancreatic Disease Center, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiayang Ying
- Pancreatic Disease Center, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yaorui Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yingkai Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaxing Deng
- Pancreatic Disease Center, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Pancreatic Disease Center, Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiong Gu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruixin Liu
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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Jardon KM, Umanets A, Gijbels A, Trouwborst I, Hul GB, Siebelink E, Vliex LM, Bastings JJ, Argamasilla R, Chenal E, Venema K, Afman LA, Goossens GH, Blaak EE. Distinct gut microbiota and metabolome features of tissue-specific insulin resistance in overweight and obesity. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2501185. [PMID: 40336254 PMCID: PMC12064058 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2501185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is an early marker of cardiometabolic deterioration which may develop heterogeneously in key metabolic organs, including the liver (LIR) and skeletal muscle (MIR). This tissue-specific IR is characterized by distinct metabolic signatures, but the role of the gut microbiota in its etiology remains unclear. Here, we profiled the gut microbiota, its metabolites and the plasma metabolome in individuals with either a LIR or MIR phenotype (n = 233). We observed distinct microbial community structures LIR and MIR, and higher short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria, fecal SCFAs and branched-chain fatty acids and a higher postprandial plasma glucagon-like-peptide-1 response in LIR. In addition, we found variations in metabolome profiles and phenotype-specific associations between microbial taxa and functional metabolite groups. Overall, our study highlights association between gut microbiota and its metabolites composition with IR heterogeneity that can be targeted in precision-based strategies to improve cardiometabolic health. Clinicaltrials.gov registration: NCT03708419.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly M. Jardon
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Umanets
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
- Chair Group Youth Food and Health, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Gijbels
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Trouwborst
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabby B. Hul
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Els Siebelink
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lars M.M. Vliex
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco J.A.J. Bastings
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia A. Afman
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs H. Goossens
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen E. Blaak
- TiFN, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Du W, Zou ZP, Ye BC, Zhou Y. Gut microbiota and associated metabolites: key players in high-fat diet-induced chronic diseases. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2494703. [PMID: 40260760 PMCID: PMC12026090 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2494703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2025] [Revised: 02/26/2025] [Accepted: 04/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025] Open
Abstract
Excessive intake of dietary fats is strongly associated with an increased risk of various chronic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hepatic metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, chronic intestinal inflammation, and certain cancers. A significant portion of the adverse effects of high-fat diet on disease risk is mediated through modifications in the gut microbiota. Specifically, high-fat diets are linked to reduced microbial diversity, an overgrowth of gram-negative bacteria, an elevated Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio, and alterations at various taxonomic levels. These microbial alterations influence the intestinal metabolism of small molecules, which subsequently increases intestinal permeability, exacerbates inflammatory responses, disrupts metabolic functions, and impairs signal transduction pathways in the host. Consequently, diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of chronic diseases. This review explores the relationship between high-fat diets and gut microbiota, highlighting their roles and underlying mechanisms in the development of chronic metabolic diseases. Additionally, we propose probiotic interventions may serve as a promising adjunctive therapy to counteract the negative effects of high-fat diet-induced alterations in gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Du
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Ping Zou
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Ce Ye
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Laboratory of Biosystems and Microanalysis, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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4
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Liang T, Jiang T, Liang Z, Li L, Chen Y, Chen T, Yang L, Zhang N, Dong B, Xie X, Gu B, Wu Q. Gut microbiota-driven BCAA biosynthesis via Staphylococcus aureus -expressed acetolactate synthase impairs glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in South China. Microbiol Res 2025; 296:128145. [PMID: 40138872 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2025.128145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2025] [Accepted: 03/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
An increase in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) levels can result in insulin resistance at different stages of type 2 diabetes (T2D), however, the causes of this increase are unclear. We performed metagenomics and metabolomics profiling in patients with prediabetes (PDM), newly diagnosed diabetes (NDDM), and post-medication type 2 diabetes (P2DM) to investigate whether altered gut microbes and metabolites could explain the specific clinical characteristics of different disease stages of T2D. Here we identify acetolactate synthase (ALS) a BCAA biosynthesis enzyme in Staphylococcus aureus as a cause of T2D insulin resistance. Compared with healthy peoples, patients with PDM, NDDM, and P2DM groups, especially in P2DM group, have increased faecal numbers of S. aureus. We also demonstrated that insulin administration may be a risk factor for S. aureus infection in T2D. The presence of ALS-positive S. aureus correlated with the levels of BCAAs and was associated with an increased fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin resistance. Humanized microbiota transplantation experiment indicated that ALS contributes to disordered insulin resistance mediated by S. aureus. We also found that S. aureus phage can reduced the FBG levels and insulin resistance in db/db mice. The ALS-positive S. aureus are associated with insulin resistance in T2D, opening a new therapeutic avenue for the prevention or treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Longyan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingshuang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Xi'an Jiaotong University Affiliated Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
| | - Xinqiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Bhatia Z, Kumar S, Seshadri S. Fecal microbiota transplantation as a potential therapeutic approach to improve impaired glucose tolerance via gut microbiota modulation in rat model. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2025; 24:28. [PMID: 39735176 PMCID: PMC11680516 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01518-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/31/2024]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the impact of diet-induced gut microbiota alterations on type 2 diabetes and assess the therapeutic potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) in restoring a balanced gut microenvironment. Methods To induce type 2 diabetes, rats were fed a high-sugar high-fat diet (HSFD) for 90 days. After diabetes induction, animals were divided into an HSFD control group, a metformin group (100 mg/kg), and an FMT group (100 mg/kg), receiving treatment for an additional 90 days. Fasting blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, serum markers (HbA1C, free fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines), and gut microbiota profiles via cecal metagenome sequencing were analyzed post-treatment. Results FMT effectively restored gut microbiota composition to a profile similar to healthy controls, rebalancing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing beneficial taxa, including Prevotella ruminicola, Akkermansia muciniphila, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. These microbial shifts corresponded with significant metabolic improvements: FMT reduced inflammatory markers (LPS and FFA), lowered HbA1c, and improved glucose tolerance. Enhanced gut barrier integrity observed in FMT-treated animals likely contributed to reduced endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, distinguishing FMT's metabolic effects from those of metformin. Notably, FMT addressed the dysbiosis associated with HSFD, promoting microbial resilience and mitigating the metabolic disruptions linked to type 2 diabetes. Conclusion These findings underscore the potential of FMT as a targeted therapeutic approach to modulate gut microbiota composition and mitigate metabolic dysregulation induced by high sugar high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeel Bhatia
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
| | - Sunny Kumar
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
| | - Sriram Seshadri
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
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Hernández-Martín M, Bocanegra A, Garcimartín A, Macho-González A, Redondo-Castillejo R, García-Fernández RA, Apaza-Ticona L, Bastida S, Benedí J, Sánchez-Muniz FJ, López-Oliva ME. Silicon-enriched functional meat enhances colonic barrier function by regulating tight junction protein expression, oxidative stress, and inflammation responses in a diabetic dyslipidemia model. Food Funct 2025; 16:4085-4103. [PMID: 40302652 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo06277a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
Western diets are linked to metabolic disorders such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic dyslipidemia, which involve hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, high plasma cholesterol levels and altered lipoprotein profiles. The T2DM progression also involves glucolipotoxicity, wherein elevated glucose and fatty acid levels induce oxidative stress and inflammation. Excessive intake of saturated fats and/or cholesterol can trigger dysbiosis, which weakens the colonic barrier, increases its permeability, and promotes chronic low-grade inflammation, thereby accelerating the progression of T2DM. Silicon, an essential trace element, has demonstrated antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting its potential as a nutritional adjuvant in therapeutic management of T2DM and the maintenance of gut health. In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: (1) an early-stage T2DM group (ED) fed a control meat incorporated into a high saturated-fat diet; (2) a late-stage T2DM group (LD) fed a control meat incorporated into a high-saturated fat and high cholesterol diet combined with streptozotocin and nicotinamide injection; and (3) a late-stage T2DM group fed a silicon enriched meat (LD-Si). Microbiota composition, lipoperoxidation and concentrations of fat, cholesterol, oxysterols and short-chain fatty acids and silicon were assayed in feces. The colonic tissue morphology, barrier integrity, antioxidant capacity and inflammatory markers were measured to evaluate the impact of silicon on colonic health and intestinal barrier function. Silicon enriched meat (Si-RM) consumption increased faecal fat and cholesterol excretion and reduced toxic luminal environments by modulating oxysterols. Si-RM consumption also enhanced colonic barrier integrity, increasing tight junction proteins and goblet cells, and exhibited antioxidant effects via the pNrf2 pathway and superoxide dismutase activity. Furthermore, silicon reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6, likely through inhibition of the TLR4/NFκB pathway. The results suggest that silicon's ability to enhance intestinal barrier integrity, reduce oxidative stress, and prevent inflammation could slow down T2DM progression, making it a promising nutritional adjuvant for managing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Hernández-Martín
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Aránzazu Bocanegra
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Garcimartín
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Macho-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Redondo-Castillejo
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa A García-Fernández
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Apaza-Ticona
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Bastida
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana Benedí
- Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Muniz
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Elvira López-Oliva
- Departmental Section of Physiology, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Wei C, Xu X, Zhang J, Wang X, Han T, Zhang Y, Pan S, Ming Z, Li R, Lou F, Cheng Y, Xu H, Sun X, Geng G, Pan Y, Liu Q, Qi H, Yan X, Dang K, Zhou J, Sun C, Li Y. Timing of unsaturated fat intake improves insulin sensitivity via the gut microbiota-bile acid axis: a randomized controlled trial. Nat Commun 2025; 16:4211. [PMID: 40328731 PMCID: PMC12056104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
The timing of dietary total fat intake influences glucose homeostasis, however, the impact of unsaturated fat (USFA) intake has yet to be explored. This 12-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled, 2 × 2 factorial-designed feeding trial investigated the effects of timing (lunch or dinner) and types of dietary USFA (high monounsaturated fat or polyunsaturated fat diet) intake on glucose metabolism in seventy prediabetes participants (mean age, 57 years). Sixty participants with completed fecal samples were included in the final analysis (n = 15 for each group). Postprandial serum glucose was first primary outcome, postprandial insulin levels and insulin sensitivity indices were co-primary outcomes Secondary outcomes were continuous glucose levels, serum fatty acid profile, gut microbiome (metagenomic sequencing) and fecal metabolites. Results showed no significant differences in postprandial glucose between groups. However, USFA intake at lunch (vs. dinner) improved insulin sensitivity and reduced postprandial insulin and serum free saturated fatty acid (Ptiming < 0.05, Ptype > 0.05, Pinteraction > 0.05), which was associated with alterations in gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism, regardless of USFA type. In summary, these results suggest that advancing timing of USFA intake improves insulin sensitivity through the gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100045645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuanyang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianshu Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sijia Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhu Ming
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fengge Lou
- Public Health Research Office, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- Public Health Research Office, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guannan Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yujun Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianmin Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haitao Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuemin Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Keke Dang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and health, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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8
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Liberty IA, Hanifah L, Rachmat HF, Putri AA, Pratiwi D, Pramono AP, Idris F, Tjekyan S. Implication of taxonomic abundance of gut microbiota in prediabetes: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2025; 12:1577528. [PMID: 40308637 PMCID: PMC12042084 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1577528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Background Prediabetes is defined by blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but below the diagnostic threshold for diabetes. Environmental factors associated with diabetes may contribute to its development through alterations in the gut microbiota. Recent studies suggest that changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and other metabolic disorders. Objective This study aims to systematically examine taxonomic abundance and its implications in the gut microbiota of individuals with prediabetes, identify key dysbiotic patterns, and explore their potential role in inflammation, insulin resistance, and progression to type 2 diabetes. Methods We conducted a systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines. The review included sources from PubMed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Springer, and Scopus. We retrieved original research articles published in English that focused on prediabetes and gut microbiota from 2015 to the date of our search. Out of 827 full-text articles screened, 6 were selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in prediabetes is characterized by a reduction in butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia, along with an increase in potentially harmful taxa such as Escherichia/Shigella and Prevotella species. This imbalance is associated with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, evidenced by elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Increased intestinal permeability facilitates the translocation of bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), further linking gut microbiota changes to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Conclusion This review highlights the need for further research to explore the potential therapeutic role of gut microbiota in prediabetes. Systematic Review Registration Prospero; Identifier CRD42025637369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iche Andriyani Liberty
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Laily Hanifah
- Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Aidi Alifia Putri
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Dessy Pratiwi
- Indonesia Health Development Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andri Pramesyanti Pramono
- Research Center for Molecular Biology Eijkman, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Fachmi Idris
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Suryadi Tjekyan
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Indonesia
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9
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Song J, Wang C, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Xing J, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z. Multi-omics approaches for biomarker discovery and precision diagnosis of prediabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2025; 16:1520436. [PMID: 40162315 PMCID: PMC11949806 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1520436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in multi-omics technologies have provided unprecedented opportunities to identify biomarkers associated with prediabetes, offering novel insights into its diagnosis and management. This review synthesizes the latest findings on prediabetes from multiple omics domains, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, microbiomics, and radiomics. We explore how these technologies elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying prediabetes and analyze potential biomarkers with predictive value in disease progression. Integrating multi-omics data helps address the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods, enabling early detection, personalized interventions, and improved patient outcomes. However, challenges such as data integration, standardization, and clinical validation and translation remain to be resolved. Future research leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning is expected to further enhance the predictive power of multi-omics technologies, contributing to the precision diagnosis and tailored management of prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielin Song
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Chuanfu Wang
- Department of Encephalopathy, Liangping District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Jixiang Xing
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuelian Zhao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunsha Zhang
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- TCM Institute of Sore and Ulcer, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, Tianjin, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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10
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Zhang R, Xiao C, Yong T, Huang L, Hu H, Xie Y, Wu Q. Grifola frondosa Polysaccharide F2 Ameliorates Disordered Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Prediabetic Mice by Modulating Bile Acids. Foods 2025; 14:955. [PMID: 40232013 PMCID: PMC11941230 DOI: 10.3390/foods14060955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 04/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes (pre-DM) is the buffer period before developing overt type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the search for novel food agents to protect against pre-DM is in high demand. Our team previously reported that the Grifola frondosa (maitake mushroom) polysaccharide F2 reduced insulin resistance in T2DM rats induced by streptozocin (STZ) combined with a high-fat diet (HFD). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of G. frondosa polysaccharide F2 on disordered lipid and glucose metabolism and to investigate its mechanisms in pre-DM mice. F2 (30 and 60 mg/kg/d) was administered (i.g.) for 5 weeks to pre-DM mice. The results showed that F2 decreased the fasting blood glucose and lipid profile index of pre-DM mice (p < 0.05 or 0.0001). An untargeted metabolomics analysis of feces from pre-DM mice showed that F2 reduced the content of conjugated bile acids, including taurochenodeoxycholic acid and taurocholic acid, and increased the free bile acids of lithocholic acid. The results of 16S rDNA sequencing of feces from pre-DM mice showed that bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-producing bacteria, including Bacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Lactococcus, may be the therapy targets of F2 in pre-DM mice. Through the integrated analysis of untargeted metabolomics and 16S rDNA sequencing, it was found that F2 may ameliorate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders by promoting bile acid metabolism while regulating the abundance of BSH-producing bacteria (Lactococcus spp.), suggesting its potential as a functional food ingredient for the prevention of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Chun Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Tianqiao Yong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Longhua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Huiping Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
| | - Yizhen Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
- Guangdong Yuewei Edible Fungi Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Academy of Science Institute of Microbiology, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangzhou 510070, China; (R.Z.); (H.H.)
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11
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Kodikara S, Lê Cao KA. Microbial network inference for longitudinal microbiome studies with LUPINE. MICROBIOME 2025; 13:64. [PMID: 40033386 PMCID: PMC11874778 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-025-02041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome is a complex ecosystem of interdependent taxa that has traditionally been studied through cross-sectional studies. However, longitudinal microbiome studies are becoming increasingly popular. These studies enable researchers to infer taxa associations towards the understanding of coexistence, competition, and collaboration between microbes across time. Traditional metrics for association analysis, such as correlation, are limited due to the data characteristics of microbiome data (sparse, compositional, multivariate). Several network inference methods have been proposed, but have been largely unexplored in a longitudinal setting. RESULTS We introduce LUPINE (LongitUdinal modelling with Partial least squares regression for NEtwork inference), a novel approach that leverages on conditional independence and low-dimensional data representation. This method is specifically designed to handle scenarios with small sample sizes and small number of time points. LUPINE is the first method of its kind to infer microbial networks across time, while considering information from all past time points and is thus able to capture dynamic microbial interactions that evolve over time. We validate LUPINE and its variant, LUPINE_single (for single time point analysis) in simulated data and four case studies, where we highlight LUPINE's ability to identify relevant taxa in each study context, across different experimental designs (mouse and human studies, with or without interventions, and short or long time courses). To detect changes in the networks across time and groups or in response to external disturbances, we used different metrics to compare the inferred networks. CONCLUSIONS LUPINE is a simple yet innovative network inference methodology that is suitable for, but not limited to, analysing longitudinal microbiome data. The R code and data are publicly available for readers interested in applying these new methods to their studies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saritha Kodikara
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, 3052, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim-Anh Lê Cao
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, 3052, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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12
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Caesar R. The impact of novel probiotics isolated from the human gut on the gut microbiota and health. Diabetes Obes Metab 2025; 27 Suppl 1:3-14. [PMID: 39726216 PMCID: PMC11894790 DOI: 10.1111/dom.16129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Revised: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/02/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in influencing the metabolism and immune responses of the body. A balanced microbial composition promotes metabolic health through various mechanisms, including the production of beneficial metabolites, which help regulate inflammation and support immune functions. In contrast, imbalance in the gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, can disrupt metabolic processes and increase the risk of developing diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. The composition of the gut microbiota is dynamic and can be influenced by environmental factors such as diet, medication, and the consumption of live bacteria. Since the early 1900s, bacteria isolated from food and have been used as probiotics. However, the human gut also offers an enormous reservoir of bacterial strains, and recent advances in microbiota research have led to the discovery of strains with probiotic potentials. These strains, derived from a broad spectrum of microbial taxa, differ in their ecological properties and how they interact with their hosts. For most probiotics bacterial structural components and metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids, contribute to the maintenance of metabolic and immunological homeostasis by regulating inflammation and reinforcing gut barrier integrity. Metabolites produced by probiotic strains can also be used for bacterial cross-feeding to promote a balanced microbiota. Despite the challenges related to safety, stability, and strain-specific properties, several newly identified strains offer great potential for personalized probiotic interventions, allowing for targeted health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Caesar
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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13
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Ge X, Du J, Wang J, Xi L, Gao J, Zhou P, Peng W, Huang S. Associations of Dietary Live Microbes Intake and Prevalence of Prediabetes in US Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Multidiscip Healthc 2025; 18:1135-1145. [PMID: 40026864 PMCID: PMC11869763 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s507248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective A higher dietary intake of live microbes has been shown to be associated with a range of health benefits. We aimed to elucidate the associations between dietary intake of live microbes and the risk of prediabetes. Methods Adult participants from the 1999-2018 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included and categorized into the low, medium, and high live microbe intake groups based on the Sanders classification system. Associations between dietary consumption of live microbes and prevalence of prediabetes were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression, stratified analysis, and sensitivity analysis. Results Among the 28201 participants (mean age 45.83 years, 48.40% men, 32.78% with prediabetes) included, 9761 (31.80%), 12,076 (41.42%) and 6364 (26.78%) were classified into the low, medium, and high dietary live microbe intake groups, respectively. After adjusting for all potential covariates, the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the medium and high dietary live microbe intake groups were 0.868 (0.803-0.937) and 0.891 (0.807-0.983), respectively (P for trend = 0.017), with the low dietary live microbes intake group as the reference. This association is robust and not affected by participant's age, sex, race, poverty-income ratio, education level, hypertension status and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Conclusion A higher consumption of dietary live microbes was found to be cross-sectionally linked to a lower prevalence of prediabetes in US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuqing Xi
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Gao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfang Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, People’s Republic of China
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Rondanelli M, Borromeo S, Cavioni A, Gasparri C, Gattone I, Genovese E, Lazzarotti A, Minonne L, Moroni A, Patelli Z, Razza C, Sivieri C, Valentini EM, Barrile GC. Therapeutic Strategies to Modulate Gut Microbial Health: Approaches for Chronic Metabolic Disorder Management. Metabolites 2025; 15:127. [PMID: 39997751 PMCID: PMC11857149 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 02/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Numerous recent studies have suggested that the composition of the intestinal microbiota can trigger metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, sarcopenia, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Since then, considerable effort has been made to understand the link between the composition of intestinal microbiota and metabolic disorders, as well as the role of probiotics in the modulation of the intestinal microbiota. The aim of this review was to summarize the reviews and individual articles on the state of the art regarding ideal therapy with probiotics and prebiotics in order to obtain the reversion of dysbiosis (alteration in microbiota) to eubiosis during metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, dyslipidemia, sarcopenia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. This review includes 245 eligible studies. In conclusion, a condition of dysbiosis, or in general, alteration of the intestinal microbiota, could be implicated in the development of metabolic disorders through different mechanisms, mainly linked to the release of pro-inflammatory factors. Several studies have already demonstrated the potential of using probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of this condition, detecting significant improvements in the specific symptoms of metabolic diseases. These findings reinforce the hypothesis that a condition of dysbiosis can lead to a generalized inflammatory picture with negative consequences on different organs and systems. Moreover, this review confirms that the beneficial effects of probiotics on metabolic diseases are promising, but more research is needed to determine the optimal probiotic strains, doses, and administration forms for specific metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Sara Borromeo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Ilaria Gattone
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Elisa Genovese
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Lazzarotti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Leonardo Minonne
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Alessia Moroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Claudia Razza
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Claudia Sivieri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Eugenio Marzio Valentini
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (S.B.); (A.C.); (C.G.); (I.G.); (E.G.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (A.M.); (Z.P.); (C.R.); (C.S.); (E.M.V.)
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15
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Khan MT, Bäckhed F. Development of Next Generation Probiotics for Cardiometabolic Diseases. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 5:18-22. [PMID: 40313602 PMCID: PMC12040764 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-025-00230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Revised: 01/15/2025] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Tanweer Khan
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden 41345
- Biogaia AB, 112 27 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden 41345
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden 41345
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16
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Cheng X, Yang J, Wang Z, Zhou K, An X, Xu ZZ, Lu H. Modulating intestinal viruses: A potential avenue for improving metabolic diseases with unresolved challenges. Life Sci 2025; 361:123309. [PMID: 39674267 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2024] [Revised: 11/29/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/16/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome affects the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases, with a significant amount of research focused on intestinal bacteria. As an important part of the gut microbiome, gut viruses were studied recently, particularly through fecal virome transplantation (FVT), revealing manipulating the gut virus could reverse overweight and glucose intolerance in mice. And human cohort studies found gut virome changed significantly in patients with metabolic disease. By summarizing those studies, we compared the research and analytical methods, as well as the similarities and differences in their results, and analyzed the reasons for these discrepancies. FVT provided potential value to improve metabolic diseases, but the mechanisms involved and the effect of FVT on humans should be investigated further. The potential methods of regulating intestinal virome composition and the possible mechanisms of intestinal virome changes affecting metabolic diseases were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Cheng
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Kefan Zhou
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Xuejiao An
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Zhenjiang Zech Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, PR China
| | - Hui Lu
- Jiangxi Agricultural University, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Nanchang, PR China.
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17
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Bednarska NG, Håberg AK. Understanding Patterns of the Gut Microbiome May Contribute to the Early Detection and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review. Microorganisms 2025; 13:134. [PMID: 39858902 PMCID: PMC11767308 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2024] [Revised: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 01/27/2025] Open
Abstract
The rising burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a growing global public health problem, particularly prominent in developing countries. The early detection of T2DM and prediabetes is vital for reversing the outcome of disease, allowing early intervention. In the past decade, various microbiome-metabolome studies have attempted to address the question of whether there are any common microbial patterns that indicate either prediabetic or diabetic gut microbial signatures. Because current studies have a high methodological heterogeneity and risk of bias, we have selected studies that adhered to similar design and methodology. We performed a systematic review to assess if there were any common changes in microbiome belonging to diabetic, prediabetic and healthy individuals. The cross-sectional studies presented here collectively covered a population of 65,754 people, with 1800 in the 2TD group, 2770 in the prediabetic group and 61,184 in the control group. The overall microbial diversity scores were lower in the T2D and prediabetes cohorts in 86% of the analyzed studies. Re-programming of the microbiome is potentially one of the safest and long-lasting ways to eliminate diabetes in its early stages. The differences in the abundance of certain microbial species could serve as an early warning for a dysbiotic gut environment and could be easily modified before the onset of disease by changes in lifestyle, taking probiotics, introducing diet modifications or stimulating the vagal nerve. This review shows how metagenomic studies have and will continue to identify novel therapeutic targets (probiotics, prebiotics or targets for elimination from flora). This work clearly shows that gut microbiome intervention studies, if performed according to standard operating protocols using a predefined analytic framework (e.g., STORMS), could be combined with other similar studies, allowing broader conclusions from collating all global cohort studies efforts and eliminating the effect-size statistical insufficiency of a single study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asta Kristine Håberg
- Department Neuromed & Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU), 7034 Trondheim, Norway;
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18
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Palmas V, Deledda A, Heidrich V, Sanna G, Cambarau G, Fosci M, Puglia L, Cappai EA, Lai A, Loviselli A, Manzin A, Velluzzi F. Impact of Ketogenic and Mediterranean Diets on Gut Microbiota Profile and Clinical Outcomes in Drug-Naïve Patients with Diabesity: A 12-Month Pilot Study. Metabolites 2025; 15:22. [PMID: 39852366 PMCID: PMC11766981 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2025] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity requires a multidimensional, patient-centered approach including nutritional interventions (NIs) and physical activity. Changes in the gut microbiota (GM) have been linked to obesity and the metabolic alterations typical of T2DM and obesity, and they are strongly influenced by diet. However, few studies have evaluated the effects on the GM of a very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in patients with T2DM, especially in the mid-term and long-term. This longitudinal study is aimed at evaluating the mid-term and long-term impact of the VLCKD and Mediterranean diet (MD) on the GM and on the anthropometric, metabolic, and lifestyle parameters of 11 patients with T2DM and obesity (diabesity). This study extends previously published results evaluating the short-term (three months) impact of these NIs on the same patients. Methods: At baseline, patients were randomly assigned to either a VLCKD (KETO group) or a Mediterranean diet (MEDI group). After two months, the KETO group gradually shifted to a Mediterranean diet (VLCKD-MD), according to current VLCKD guidelines. From the fourth month until the end of the study both groups followed a similar MD. Previous published results showed that VLCKD had a more beneficial impact than MD on several variables for 3 months of NI. In this study, the analyses were extended until six (T6) and twelve months (T12) of NI by comparing data prospectively and against baseline (T0). The GM analysis was performed through next-generation sequencing. Results: Improvements in anthropometric and metabolic parameters were more pronounced in the KETO group at T6, particularly for body mass index (-5.8 vs. -1.7 kg/m2; p = 0.006) and waist circumference (-15.9 vs. -5.2 cm; p = 0.011). At T6, a significant improvement in HbA1c (6.7% vs. 5.5% p = 0.02) and triglyceride (158 vs. 95 mg/dL p = 0.04) values compared to T0 was observed only in the KETO group, which maintained the results achieved at T3. The VLCKD-MD had a more beneficial impact than the MD on the GM phenotype. A substantial positive modulatory effect was observed especially up to the sixth month of the NI in KETO due to the progressive increase in bacterial markers of human health. After the sixth month, most markers of human health decreased, though they were still increased compared with baseline. Among them, the Verrucomicrobiota phylum was identified as the main biomarker in the KETO group, together with its members Verrucomicrobiae, Akkermansiaceae, Verrucomicrobiales, and Akkermansia at T6 compared with baseline. Conclusions: Both dietary approaches ameliorated health status, but VLCKD, in support of the MD, has shown greater improvements on anthropometric and metabolic parameters, as well as on GM profile, especially up to T6 of NI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Palmas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Andrea Deledda
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Vitor Heidrich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil;
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
| | - Giuseppina Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Giulia Cambarau
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Michele Fosci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.F.); (L.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Lorenzo Puglia
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.F.); (L.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Enrico Antonio Cappai
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.C.); (F.V.)
| | - Alessio Lai
- Diabetologia, P.O. Binaghi, ASSL Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Loviselli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (M.F.); (L.P.); (A.L.)
| | - Aldo Manzin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.C.); (F.V.)
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Yarahmadi A, Afkhami H, Javadi A, Kashfi M. Understanding the complex function of gut microbiota: its impact on the pathogenesis of obesity and beyond: a comprehensive review. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:308. [PMID: 39710683 PMCID: PMC11664868 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by genetic, environmental, and microbiome-related factors. The gut microbiome plays a vital role in maintaining intestinal health, increasing mucus creation, helping the intestinal epithelium mend, and regulating short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. These tasks are vital for managing metabolism and maintaining energy balance. Dysbiosis-an imbalance in the microbiome-leads to increased appetite and the rise of metabolic disorders, both fuel obesity and its issues. Furthermore, childhood obesity connects with unique shifts in gut microbiota makeup. For instance, there is a surge in pro-inflammatory bacteria compared to children who are not obese. Considering the intricate nature and variety of the gut microbiota, additional investigations are necessary to clarify its exact involvement in the beginnings and advancement of obesity and related metabolic dilemmas. Currently, therapeutic methods like probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), dietary interventions like Mediterranean and ketogenic diets, and physical activity show potential in adjusting the gut microbiome to fight obesity and aid weight loss. Furthermore, the review underscores the integration of microbial metabolites with pharmacological agents such as orlistat and semaglutide in restoring microbial homeostasis. However, more clinical tests are essential to refine the doses, frequency, and lasting effectiveness of these treatments. This narrative overview compiles the existing knowledge on the multifaceted role of gut microbiota in obesity and much more, showcasing possible treatment strategies for addressing these health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Javadi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Kashfi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
- Fellowship in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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20
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Zhu JY, Ma X, Liu MY, Ma LZ, Sun XR, Yan MY, Xue C, Sun C. Mendelian randomization study of inflammatory bowel disease and type 1 diabetes. Endocrine 2024; 86:943-953. [PMID: 39083171 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our purpose was to investigate and test the causal relationship between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its major phenotypes, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), in two large datasets. METHODS We obtained IBD samples from the largest publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS), as well as the FinnGen database and the publicly accessible IEU GWAS database of T1D. We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to assess bidirectional causality using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method as the primary outcome. RESULTS Genetic predisposition to T1D was associated with reduced risk of IBD (IVW: odds ratio (OR), 0.867; 95% confidence interval (CI), [0.852, 0.883]; P < 0.001), UC (OR = 0.879 [0.823, 0.939], P < 0.001), and CD (OR = 0.925 [0.872, 0.981], P = 0.009). The republication results found IBD genetically possessed negative association with T1D (OR = 0.781 [0.684, 0.891], P < 0.001). Additionally, a meta-analysis of results was conducted to prove the strong evidence between T1D and CD (OR = 0.95 [0.91, 0.98]; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study first demonstrated a causal effect of TID on the reduced risk of CD in the mendelian randomization study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinyi Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mu-Yun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Navy No. 905 Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Li-Zhe Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mao-Yun Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chunyu Xue
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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21
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da Silva TR, Marchesan LB, Rampelotto PH, Longo L, de Oliveira TF, Landberg R, de Mello V, Spritzer PM. Gut microbiota and gut-derived metabolites are altered and associated with dietary intake in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:232. [PMID: 39578890 PMCID: PMC11583432 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01550-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 10/31/2024] [Indexed: 11/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbances in the gut microbiota may act as mechanisms influencing the interplay between dietary factors and metabolic disorders. Studies have demonstrated that these alterations are associated with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Within this context, we aimed to investigate associations between gut microbiota, gut-derived metabolites (short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs] and indole-3-propionic acid [IPA]), and dietary intake in women with PCOS. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 24 women with PCOS, previously recruited for two studies at our research center, compared with 14 age-matched healthy controls. The mean (SD) age of all 38 participants was 33.3 (7.5) years, and the mean (SD) body mass index was 29.5 (4.8) kg/m2. Primary outcomes included gut microbiota analysis by sequencing the V4 region of the 16 S rRNA gene, serum IPA levels measured by liquid chromatography/triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS), and fecal and plasma SCFA levels measured by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Gut microbiota diversity, composition, and metabolic pathways differed between the PCOS and control groups. A higher abundance of two operational taxonomic units specializing in complex carbohydrate metabolism was observed in healthy control women. The PCOS group exhibited a less favorable dietary intake than the control group, and a significant correlation was observed between gut microbiota composition and dietary glycemic load in PCOS (r = 0.314, P = 0.03 in Mantel test). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models indicated that lower levels of IPA and higher circulating levels of two SCFAs (acetic acid and propionic acid) were independently associated with the diagnosis of PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the differentiation between women with PCOS and healthy controls based on gut microbiota analysis. Furthermore, changes in gut bacteria and their metabolites could be, at least in part, the biological mechanism by which a low glycemic load diet may potentially improve PCOS-related reproductive and cardiometabolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Rasia da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Lucas Bandeira Marchesan
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto
- Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larisse Longo
- Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Center for Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago Franco de Oliveira
- Department of Diagnostic Methods, Universidade Federal de Ciências Médicas de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90060-100, Brazil
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden
| | - Vanessa de Mello
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil.
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre, 2350, 90035-003, RS, Brazil.
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Li L, Li R, Tian Q, Luo Y, Li R, Lin X, Ou Y, Guo T, Chen X, Pan A, Manson JE, Liu G. Effects of healthy low-carbohydrate diet and time-restricted eating on weight and gut microbiome in adults with overweight or obesity: Feeding RCT. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101801. [PMID: 39454570 PMCID: PMC11604488 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
The effect of a healthy low-carbohydrate diet (HLCD) and time-restricted eating (TRE), alone or in combination, on body weight and gut microbiome beyond caloric restriction remains unclear. In this 12-week two-by-two factorial randomized trial with a 28-week follow-up among 96 participants with overweight or obesity, isocaloric-restricted feeding yields significant weight loss, ranging from 2.57 to 4.11 kg across different groups. Beyond caloric restriction, HLCD and TRE lead to additional reduction in body mass index. HLCD results in additional fat mass loss while TRE yields more lean mass loss. Additionally, HLCD leads to decreased fecal branched-chain amino acids, and TRE tends to yield an increased abundance of probiotic species involved in synthesizing short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, the effect of HLCD on reducing fat mass is sustained during the post-intervention follow-up. Overall, HLCD and TRE are effective in weight management and yield profound gut microbiome and metabolome alteration beyond caloric restriction. This study was registered at ChiCTR.org.cn (ChiCTR2200056363).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingying Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaogan Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruyi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunjing Ou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianyu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - An Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, and State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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23
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Martínez-Carrillo BE, De Sales-Millán A, Aguirre-Garrido JF, Valdés-Ramos R, de María Cruz-Estrada F, Castillo-Cardiel JA. Changes in the Composition and Diversity of the Intestinal Microbiota Associated with Carbohydrate Consumption in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12359. [PMID: 39596424 PMCID: PMC11594722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 11/02/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease, influenced by dietary and environmental factors that can modify the intestinal microbiota. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota associated with carbohydrate (CHO) consumption in T2DM patients. Forty patients participated, with and without T2DM. Fecal samples were collected for the characterization of microbial diversity from the massive sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Carbohydrate consumption was quantified using the Frequency Consumption Foods questionnaire (FCF), the groups were categorized according to Body Mass Index (BMI) and BMI + CHO consumption. The group without T2DM showed normal biochemical and anthropometric parameters, although they had a high carbohydrate consumption compared to the group with T2DM. At the phylum level, there were differences in relative abundance; the control overweight group (CL-OW > CHO) and T2DM-Normal Weight > CHO patients had increased Bacteroides and decreased Firmicutes. In contrast, the CL-OW > CHO and T2DM-OW < CHO patients, showed reduced Bacteroidetes and an elevated amount of Firmicutes. At the genus level, the differences were in the relative abundance of Roseburia, Clostridium_IV, Prevotella, and Sporobacter, associated with the consumption of carbohydrates. The groups that consumed high amounts of carbohydrates, regardless of whether they had diabetes mellitus or were overweight, had a significantly reduced proportion of Faecalibacterium, an altered proportion of Bacteroides. The high consumption of carbohydrates showed considerable modifications in the composition and diversity of the bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Elina Martínez-Carrillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.D.S.-M.); (R.V.-R.); (F.d.M.C.-E.)
| | - Amapola De Sales-Millán
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.D.S.-M.); (R.V.-R.); (F.d.M.C.-E.)
| | | | - Roxana Valdés-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.D.S.-M.); (R.V.-R.); (F.d.M.C.-E.)
| | - Flor de María Cruz-Estrada
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca 50180, Mexico; (A.D.S.-M.); (R.V.-R.); (F.d.M.C.-E.)
| | - José Arturo Castillo-Cardiel
- Department of Research, Continuing Education and Distance Learning, Universidad Autónoma de Durango, Durango 34209, Mexico;
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24
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Jakubowicz D, Matz Y, Landau Z, Rosenblum RC, Twito O, Wainstein J, Tsameret S. Interaction Between Early Meals (Big-Breakfast Diet), Clock Gene mRNA Expression, and Gut Microbiome to Regulate Weight Loss and Glucose Metabolism in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12355. [PMID: 39596418 PMCID: PMC11594859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252212355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 11/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock gene system plays a pivotal role in coordinating the daily rhythms of most metabolic processes. It is synchronized with the light-dark cycle and the eating-fasting schedule. Notably, the interaction between meal timing and circadian clock genes (CGs) allows for optimizing metabolic processes at specific times of the day. Breakfast has a powerful resetting effect on the CG network. A misaligned meal pattern, such as skipping breakfast, can lead to a discordance between meal timing and the endogenous CGs, and is associated with obesity and T2D. Conversely, concentrating most calories and carbohydrates (CH) in the early hours of the day upregulates metabolic CG expression, thus promoting improved weight loss and glycemic control. Recently, it was revealed that microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, known as the gut microbiome (GM), and its derived metabolites display daily oscillation, and play a critical role in energy and glucose metabolism. The timing of meal intake coordinates the oscillation of GM and GM-derived metabolites, which in turn influences CG expression, playing a crucial role in the metabolic response to food intake. An imbalance in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) can also reciprocally disrupt CG rhythms. Evidence suggests that misaligned meal timing may cause such disruptions and can lead to obesity and hyperglycemia. This manuscript focuses on the reciprocal interaction between meal timing, GM oscillation, and circadian CG rhythms. It will also review studies demonstrating how aligning meal timing with the circadian clock can reset and synchronize CG rhythms and GM oscillations. This synchronization can facilitate weight loss and improve glycemic control in obesity and those with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Jakubowicz
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Yael Matz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zohar Landau
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Rachel Chava Rosenblum
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Orit Twito
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Julio Wainstein
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Holon 58100, Israel
| | - Shani Tsameret
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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25
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Deng J, Dai S, Liu S, Tu L, Cui J, Hu X, Qiu X, Jiang T, Xu J. Application of tongue image characteristics and oral-gut microbiota in predicting pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes with machine learning. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1477638. [PMID: 39559704 PMCID: PMC11570591 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1477638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to characterize the oral and gut microbiota in prediabetes mellitus (Pre-DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients while exploring the association between tongue manifestations and the oral-gut microbiota axis in diabetes progression. Methods Participants included 30 Pre-DM patients, 37 individuals with T2DM, and 28 healthy controls. Tongue images and oral/fecal samples were analyzed using image processing and 16S rRNA sequencing. Machine learning techniques, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest, gradient boosting, adaptive boosting, and K-nearest neighbors, were applied to integrate tongue image data with microbiota profiles to construct predictive models for Pre-DM and T2DM classification. Results Significant shifts in tongue characteristics were identified during the progression from Pre-DM to T2DM. Elevated Firmicutes levels along the oral-gut axis were associated with white greasy fur, indicative of underlying metabolic changes. An SVM-based predictive model demonstrated an accuracy of 78.9%, with an AUC of 86.9%. Notably, tongue image parameters (TB-a, perALL) and specific microbiota (Escherichia, Porphyromonas-A) emerged as prominent diagnostic markers for Pre-DM and T2DM. Conclusion The integration of tongue diagnosis with microbiome analysis reveals distinct tongue features and microbial markers. This approach significantly improves the diagnostic capability for Pre-DM and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Deng
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shixuan Dai
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Tu
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Cui
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hu
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xipeng Qiu
- School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiatuo Xu
- Department of College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Iatcu OC, Hamamah S, Covasa M. Harnessing Prebiotics to Improve Type 2 Diabetes Outcomes. Nutrients 2024; 16:3447. [PMID: 39458444 PMCID: PMC11510484 DOI: 10.3390/nu16203447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract (GI), plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic health and influencing disease susceptibility. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in gut microbiota, has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through mechanisms such as reduced glucose tolerance and increased insulin resistance. A balanced gut microbiota, or eubiosis, is associated with improved glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, potentially reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications. Various strategies, including the use of prebiotics like inulin, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, resistant starch, pectic oligosaccharides, polyphenols, β-glucan, and Dendrobium officinale have been shown to improve gut microbial composition and support glycemic control in T2DM patients. These prebiotics can directly impact blood sugar levels while promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria, thus enhancing glycemic control. Studies have shown that T2DM patients often exhibit a decrease in beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria, like Roseburia and Faecalibacterium, and an increase in harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia and Prevotella. This review aims to explore the effects of different prebiotics on T2DM, their impact on gut microbiota composition, and the potential for personalized dietary interventions to optimize diabetes management and improve overall health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana C. Iatcu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
| | - Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Scripps Mercy Hospital, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
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27
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Alisi A, McCaughan G, Grønbæk H. Role of gut microbiota and immune cells in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: clinical impact. Hepatol Int 2024; 18:861-872. [PMID: 38995341 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-024-10674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
In 2020, a revised definition of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction (MAFLD) was proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). Liver steatosis and at least one of the three metabolic risk factors, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, or signs of metabolic dysregulation, are used to diagnose MAFLD. MAFLD, similarly to NAFLD, is characterized by a spectrum of disease ranging from simple steatosis to advanced metabolic steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis, and may progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer, including increased risk of other critical extrahepatic diseases. Even though the pathophysiology of MAFLD and potential therapeutic targets have been explored in great detail, there is yet no Food and Drug Administration approved treatment. Recently, gut microbiome-derived products (e.g., endotoxins and metabolites) involved in intestinal barrier disruption, systemic inflammation, and modification of intrahepatic immunity have been associated with MAFLD development and progression. Therefore, different strategies could be adopted to modify the gut microbiome to improve outcomes in early and progressive MAFLD. Here, we provide an overview of mechanisms that may link the gut microbiome and immune response during the onset of liver steatosis and progression to steatohepatitis and fibrosis in patients with MAFLD. Finally, gut microbiota-based approaches are discussed as potential personalized treatments against MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Alisi
- Research Unit of Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Gesu' Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Geoffrey McCaughan
- A.W Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Center, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia
- Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital and Clinical Institute, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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28
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Rui W, Li X, Wang L, Tang X, Yang J. Potential Applications of Blautia wexlerae in the Regulation of Host Metabolism. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:1866-1874. [PMID: 38703323 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Blautia wexlerae (B. wexlerae) is a strong candidate with the potential to become a next-generation probiotics (NGPs) and has recently been shown for the first time to exhibit potential in modulating host metabolic levels and alleviating metabolic diseases. However, the factors affecting the change in abundance of B. wexlerae and the pattern of its abundance change in the associated indications remain to be further investigated. Here, we summarize information from published studies related to B. wexlerae; analyze the effects of food source factors such as prebiotics, probiotics, low protein foods, polyphenols, vitamins, and other factors on the abundance of B. wexlerae; and explore the patterns of changes in the abundance of B. wexlerae in metabolic diseases, neurological diseases, and other diseases. At the same time, the development potential of B. wexlerae was evaluated in the direction of functional foods and special medical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Rui
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Endodontology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuna Tang
- Department of Specialist Clinic, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jingpeng Yang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Qixia District, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, China.
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29
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Byndloss M, Devkota S, Duca F, Hendrik Niess J, Nieuwdorp M, Orho-Melander M, Sanz Y, Tremaroli V, Zhao L. The Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications-2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum. Diabetes Care 2024; 47:1491-1508. [PMID: 38996003 PMCID: PMC11362125 DOI: 10.2337/dci24-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: 1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.g., genes for butyrate production) with glucose metabolism have recently emerged through the use of Mendelian randomization in humans; 2) the highly individualized nature of the GM poses a major research obstacle, and large cohorts and a deep-sequencing metagenomic approach are required for robust assessments of associations and causation; 3) because single-time point sampling misses intraindividual GM dynamics, future studies with repeated measures within individuals are needed; and 4) much future research will be required to determine the applicability of this expanding knowledge to diabetes diagnosis and treatment, and novel technologies and improved computational tools will be important to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Byndloss
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- Human Microbiome Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Healthcare Center, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Diabeter Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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30
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Araújo JR, Marques C, Rodrigues C, Calhau C, Faria A. The metabolic and endocrine impact of diet-derived gut microbiota metabolites on ageing and longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102451. [PMID: 39127442 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been recently recognized as a hallmark of ageing. At this stage of life, gut microbiota becomes depleted from bacteria involved in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), indole and its derivative indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), metabolites shown to improve host glycemic control as well as insulin sensitivity and secretion. Moreover, gut microbiota becomes enriched in pathobiont bacteria involved in the production of imidazole propionate, phenols and trimethylamine, metabolites that promote host insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. The magnitude of these changes is much more pronounced in unhealthy than in healthy ageing. On the other hand, a distinct gut microbiota signature is displayed during longevity, the most prominent being an enrichment in both SCFA and IPA bacterial producers. This short Review discusses, in an innovative and integrative way, cutting-edge research on the composition of gut microorganisms and profile of metabolites secreted by them, that are associated with a healthy and unhealthy ageing pattern and with longevity. A detailed description of the positive or detrimental metabolic effects, in the ageing host, of diet-derived gut microbial metabolites is provided. Finally, microbiota-targeted interventions that counteract gut dysbiosis associated with ageing, are briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R Araújo
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Cláudia Marques
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Rodrigues
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Conceição Calhau
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal; Unidade Universitária Lifestyle Medicine José de Mello Saúde by NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
| | - Ana Faria
- Nutrition & Metabolism, CINTESIS@RISE, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal; Nutrition & Metabolism, CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal.
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31
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Byndloss M, Devkota S, Duca F, Niess JH, Nieuwdorp M, Orho-Melander M, Sanz Y, Tremaroli V, Zhao L. The gut microbiota and diabetes: research, translation, and clinical applications - 2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum. Diabetologia 2024; 67:1760-1782. [PMID: 38910152 PMCID: PMC11410996 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This article summarises the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: (1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.g. genes for butyrate production) with glucose metabolism have recently emerged through the use of Mendelian randomisation in humans; (2) the highly individualised nature of the GM poses a major research obstacle, and large cohorts and a deep-sequencing metagenomic approach are required for robust assessments of associations and causation; (3) because single time point sampling misses intraindividual GM dynamics, future studies with repeated measures within individuals are needed; and (4) much future research will be required to determine the applicability of this expanding knowledge to diabetes diagnosis and treatment, and novel technologies and improved computational tools will be important to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Byndloss
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Human Microbiome Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Healthcare Center, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Diabeter Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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32
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Byndloss M, Devkota S, Duca F, Niess JH, Nieuwdorp M, Orho-Melander M, Sanz Y, Tremaroli V, Zhao L. The Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications-2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum. Diabetes 2024; 73:1391-1410. [PMID: 38912690 PMCID: PMC11333376 DOI: 10.2337/dbi24-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This article summarizes the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organized by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: 1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.g., genes for butyrate production) with glucose metabolism have recently emerged through the use of Mendelian randomization in humans; 2) the highly individualized nature of the GM poses a major research obstacle, and large cohorts and a deep-sequencing metagenomic approach are required for robust assessments of associations and causation; 3) because single-time point sampling misses intraindividual GM dynamics, future studies with repeated measures within individuals are needed; and 4) much future research will be required to determine the applicability of this expanding knowledge to diabetes diagnosis and treatment, and novel technologies and improved computational tools will be important to achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Byndloss
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- Human Microbiome Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Healthcare Center, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Diabeter Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
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33
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Kinney GA, Haddad EN, Gopalakrishnan N, Sugino KY, Garrow LS, Ng PKW, Comstock SS. Impacts of Whole-Grain Soft Red, Whole-Grain Soft White, and Refined Soft White Wheat Flour Crackers on Gastrointestinal Inflammation and the Gut Microbiota of Adult Humans. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:677. [PMID: 39336104 PMCID: PMC11428712 DOI: 10.3390/biology13090677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of whole-grain wheat has been associated with positive health outcomes, but it remains unclear whether different types of wheat elicit varying effects on the gut microbiome and intestinal inflammation. The objectives of this research were to investigate the effect of two whole-grain wheat flours versus refined wheat flour on the diversity of the human gut microbiota, as well as on butyrate production capacity and gastrointestinal inflammation, using one-week dietary interventions. For this study, 28 participants were recruited, with ages ranging from 18 to 55 years and a mean BMI of 26.0 kg/m2. For four weeks, participants were provided 80 g daily servings of different wheat crackers: Week A was a run-in period of crackers made from soft white wheat flour, Week B crackers were whole-grain soft white wheat flour, Week C crackers were a wash-out period identical to Week A, and Week D crackers were whole-grain soft red wheat flour. At the end of each week, participants provided fecal samples that were analyzed for markers of intestinal inflammation, including lipocalin and calprotectin, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative real-time PCR. The primary outcome, gut bacterial community alpha and beta diversity, was similar across timepoints. Three taxa significantly differed in abundance following both whole-grain wheat flour interventions: Escherichia/Shigella and Acidaminococcus were significantly depleted, and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group was enriched. Secondary outcomes determined that protein markers of intestinal inflammation and genes related to putative butyrate production capacity were similar throughout the study period, with no significant changes. Lipocalin concentrations ranged from 14.8 to 22.6 ng/mL while calprotectin ranged from 33.2 to 62.5 ng/mL across all 4 weeks. The addition of wheat crackers to the adult human subjects' usual diet had a minimal impact on their gastrointestinal inflammation or the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sarah S. Comstock
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Deli CK, Fatouros IG, Poulios A, Liakou CA, Draganidis D, Papanikolaou K, Rosvoglou A, Gatsas A, Georgakouli K, Tsimeas P, Jamurtas AZ. Gut Microbiota in the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes and the Potential Role of Exercise: A Critical Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1016. [PMID: 39202758 PMCID: PMC11355287 DOI: 10.3390/life14081016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the predominant metabolic epidemic posing a major threat to global health. Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota (GM) may critically influence the progression from normal glucose tolerance, to pre-diabetes, to T2D. On the other hand, regular exercise contributes to the prevention and/or treatment of the disease, and evidence suggests that a possible way regular exercise favorably affects T2D is by altering GM composition toward health-promoting bacteria. However, research regarding this potential effect of exercise-induced changes of GM on T2D and the associated mechanisms through which these effects are accomplished is limited. This review presents current data regarding the association of GM composition and T2D and the possible critical GM differentiation in the progression from normal glucose, to pre-diabetes, to T2D. Additionally, potential mechanisms through which GM may affect T2D are presented. The effect of exercise on GM composition and function on T2D progression is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chariklia K. Deli
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Ioannis G. Fatouros
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Athanasios Poulios
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Christina A. Liakou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Dimitrios Draganidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Konstantinos Papanikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Anastasia Rosvoglou
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Athanasios Gatsas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Kalliopi Georgakouli
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis Tsimeas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
| | - Athanasios Z. Jamurtas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, School of Physical Education, Sport Science, and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (I.G.F.); (A.P.); (C.A.L.); (D.D.); (K.P.); (A.R.); (A.G.); (P.T.); (A.Z.J.)
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Baars DP, Fondevila MF, Meijnikman AS, Nieuwdorp M. The central role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology and management of type 2 diabetes. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:1280-1300. [PMID: 39146799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The inhabitants of our intestines, collectively called the gut microbiome, comprise fungi, viruses, and bacterial strains. These microorganisms are involved in the fermentation of dietary compounds and the regulation of our adaptive and innate immune systems. Less known is the reciprocal interaction between the gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as their role in modifying therapies to reduce associated morbidity and mortality. In this review, we aim to discuss the existing literature on gut microbial strains and their diet-derived metabolites involved in T2DM. We also explore the potential diagnostics and therapeutic avenues the gut microbiota presents for targeted T2DM management. Personalized treatment plans, driven by diet and medication based on the patient's microbiome and clinical markers, could optimize therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Baars
- Departments of Internal and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcos F Fondevila
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abraham S Meijnikman
- Departments of Internal and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Departments of Internal and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Diabetes Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Yang L, Gao Y, Gong J, Su Q, Guo Z, Farag MA, Xiao J. Myricetin ameliorates prediabetes through gut microbiota-SCFAs-Gpr43 axis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39126667 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2386450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongchao Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jupeng Gong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Qiaoling Su
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhen Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Functional Nucleic Acid, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA) - CITEXVI, Vigo, Spain
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Zhong Z, An R, Ma S, Zhang N, Zhang X, Chen L, Wu X, Lin H, Xiang T, Tan H, Chen M. Association between the Maternal Gut Microbiome and Macrosomia. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:570. [PMID: 39194508 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Fetal macrosomia is defined as a birthweight ≥4000 g and causes harm to pregnant women and fetuses. Studies reported that the maternal intestinal microbiome plays a key role in the establishment, growth, and development of the fetal intestinal microbiome. However, whether there is a relationship between maternal gut microbiota and macrosomia remains unclear. Our study aimed to identify gut microbiota that may be related to the occurrence of macrosomia, explore the possible mechanisms by which it causes macrosomia, and establish a prediction model to determine the feasibility of predicting macrosomia by early maternal gut microbiota. We conducted a nested case-control study based on an early pregnancy cohort (ChiCTR1900020652) in the Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province on fecal samples of 93 women (31 delivered macrosomia as the case group and 62 delivered normal birth weight newborns as the control group) collected and included in this study. We performed metagenomic analysis to compare the composition and function of the gut microbiome between cases and controls. Correlation analysis was used to explore the association of differential species and differential functional pathways. A random forest model was used to construct an early pregnancy prediction model for macrosomia. At the species level, there were more Bacteroides salyersiae, Bacteroides plebeius, Ruminococcus lactaris, and Bacteroides ovatus in the intestinal microbiome of macrosomias' mothers compared with mothers bearing fetuses that had normal birth weight. Functional pathways of the gut microbiome including gondoate biosynthesis, L-histidine degradation III, cis-vaccenate biosynthesis, L-arginine biosynthesis III, tRNA processing, and mannitol cycle, which were more abundant in the macrosomia group. Significant correlations were found between species and functional pathways. Bacteroides plebeius was significantly associated with the pathway of cis-vaccenate biosynthesis (r = 0.28, p = 0.005) and gondoate biosynthesis (r = 0.28, p < 0.001) and Bacteroides ovatus was positively associated with the pathway of cis-vaccenate biosynthesis (r = 0.29, p = 0.005) and gondoate biosynthesis (r = 0.32, p = 0.002). Bacteroides salyersiae was significantly associated with the pathway of cis-vaccenate biosynthesis (r = 0.24, p = 0.018), gondoate biosynthesis (r = 0.31, p = 0.003), and L-histidine degradation III (r = 0.22, p = 0.291). Finally, four differential species and four clinical indicators were included in the random forest model for predicting macrosomia. The areas under the working characteristic curves of the training and validation sets were 0.935 (95% CI: 0.851~0.979) and 0.909 (95% CI: 0.679~0.992), respectively. Maternal gut microbiota in early pregnancy may play an important role in the development of macrosomia and can be used as potential predictors to prevent macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Rongjing An
- Chaoyang District Center for Diseases Prevention and Control of Beijing, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environment Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lizhang Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Huijun Lin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Tianyu Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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Geerlings SY, van der Ark K, Nijsse B, Boeren S, van Loosdrecht M, Belzer C, de Vos WM. Omics-based analysis of Akkermansia muciniphila cultivation in food-grade media. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2024; 3:36. [PMID: 39421255 PMCID: PMC11480725 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2024.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aim: Over the past years, the gut microbiota and its correlation to health and disease has been studied extensively. In terms of beneficial microbes, an increased interest in Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) has been observed since its discovery. Direct evidence for the role of A. muciniphila in host health has been provided in both mice and human studies. However, for human interventions with A. muciniphila cells, industrial-scale fermentations are needed, and hence, the used cultivation media should be free of animal-derived components, food-grade, non-allergenic and allow for efficient growth to high densities to provide cost-effective production platforms. In this study, we assessed the growth and performance of A. muciniphila in batch bioreactors using newly developed plant-based media. Methods: The bioreactors were supplemented with varying carbon sources, including different ratios of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucose. We monitored the growth of A. muciniphila in the plant-based medium using optical density (OD600) measurements and microscopy. In addition, we used a combination of biochemical analysis as well as transcriptional and proteomics analysis to gain detailed insight into the physiology. Results: Comparisons between growth on these media and that on mucin revealed differences at both transcriptome and proteome levels, including differences in the expression of glycosyltransferases, signaling proteins, and stress response. Furthermore, elongated cells and higher OD600 values were observed using the plant-based media as compared to cultivation media containing mucin. Conclusion: These differences do not hamper growth, and therefore, our data suggest that the food-grade medium composition described here could be used to produce A. muciniphila with high yields for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Y. Geerlings
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
| | - Kees van der Ark
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Nijsse
- Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2629 HZ, the Netherlands
| | - Clara Belzer
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Niu H, Zhou M, Ji A, Zogona D, Wu T, Xu X. Molecular Mechanism of Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila in Alleviating Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13083-13098. [PMID: 38829529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) significantly diminishes people's quality of life and imposes a substantial economic burden. This pathological progression is intimately linked with specific gut microbiota, such as Akkermansia muciniphila. Pasteurized A. muciniphila (P-AKK) has been defined as a novel food by the European Food Safety Authority and exhibited significant hypoglycemic activity. However, current research on the hypoglycemic activity of P-AKK is limited to the metabolic level, neglecting systematic exploration at the pathological level. Consequently, its material basis and mechanism of action for hypoglycemia remain unclear. Drawing upon this foundation, we utilized high-temperature killed A. muciniphila (H-K-AKK) with insignificant hypoglycemic activity as the control research object. Assessments were conducted at pathological levels to evaluate the hypoglycemic functions of both P-AKK and H-K-AKK separately. Our study unveiled for the first time that P-AKK ameliorated symptoms of T2DM by enhancing the generation of glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1), with pasteurized A. muciniphila total proteins (PP) being a pivotal component responsible for this activity. Utilizing SDS-PAGE, proteomics, and molecular docking techniques, we deeply analyzed the material foundation of PP. We scientifically screened and identified a protein weighing 77.85 kDa, designated as P5. P5 enhanced GLP-1 synthesis and secretion by activating the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathway, with free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR-2) being identified as the pivotal target protein for P5's physiological activity. These findings further promote the widespread application of P-AKK in the food industry, laying a solid theoretical foundation for its utilization as a beneficial food ingredient or functional component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Niu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Minfeng Zhou
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, PR China
| | - Anying Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Daniel Zogona
- Department of Food & Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
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Ray AK, Shukla A, Yadav A, Kaur U, Singh AK, Mago P, Bhavesh NS, Chaturvedi R, Tandon R, Shalimar, Kumar A, Malik MZ. A Comprehensive Pilot Study to Elucidate the Distinct Gut Microbial Composition and Its Functional Significance in Cardio-Metabolic Disease. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10847-w. [PMID: 38839647 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Cardio-metabolic disease is a significant global health challenge with increasing prevalence. Recent research underscores the disruption of gut microbial balance as a key factor in disease susceptibility. We aimed to characterize the gut microbiota composition and function in cardio-metabolic disease and healthy controls. For this purpose, we collected stool samples of 18 subjects (12 diseased, 6 healthy) and we performed metagenomics analysis and functional prediction using QIIME2 and PICRUSt. Furthermore, we carried out assessments of microbe-gene interactions, gene ontology, and microbe-disease associations. Our findings revealed distinct microbial patterns in the diseased group, particularly evident in lower taxonomic levels with significant variations in 14 microbial features. The diseased cohort exhibited an enrichment of Lachnospiraceae family, correlating with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disturbances. Conversely, reduced levels of Clostridium, Gemmiger, and Ruminococcus genera indicated a potential inflammatory state, linked to compromised butyrate production and gut permeability. Functional analyses highlighted dysregulated pathways in amino acid metabolism and energy equilibrium, with perturbations correlating with elevated branch-chain amino acid levels-a known contributor to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. These findings were consistent across biomarker assessments, microbe-gene associations, and gene ontology analyses, emphasizing the intricate interplay between gut microbial dysbiosis and cardio-metabolic disease progression. In conclusion, our study unveils significant shifts in gut microbial composition and function in cardio-metabolic disease, emphasizing the broader implications of microbial dysregulation. Addressing gut microbial balance emerges as a crucial therapeutic target in managing cardio-metabolic disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Ray
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| | - Avaneesh Shukla
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alka Yadav
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Urvinder Kaur
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Payal Mago
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Sciences for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Campus of Open Learning, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Neel Sarovar Bhavesh
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Tandon
- Laboratory of AIDS Research and Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, India
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
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Zhang B, Zhou L, Chen K, Fang X, Li Q, Gao Z, Lian F, Li M, Tian J, Zhao L, Tong X. Investigation on Phenomics of Traditional Chinese Medicine from the Diabetes. PHENOMICS (CHAM, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 4:257-268. [PMID: 39398423 PMCID: PMC11467137 DOI: 10.1007/s43657-023-00146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
With thousands of years of application history, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the prevention of various chronic diseases, and in recent years, the development of TCM has presented a situation where opportunities and challenges coexist. Phenomics is an emerging area of life science research, which has numerous similarities to the cognitive perspective of TCM. Thus, how to carry out the interdisciplinary research between TCM and phenomics deserves in-depth discussion. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic non-communicable diseases around the world, and TCM plays an important role in all stages of diabetes treatment, but the molecular mechanisms are difficult to elucidate. Phenomics research can not only reveal the hidden scientific connotations of TCM, but also provide a bridge for the confluence and complementary between TCM and Western medicine. Facing the challenges of the TCM phenomics research, we suggest applying the State-target theory (STT) to overall plan relevant researches, namely, focusing on the disease development, change trends, and core targets of each stage, and to deepen the understanding of TCM disease phenotypes and the therapeutic mechanisms of herbal medicine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43657-023-00146-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxun Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xinyi Fang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Jiaxing Tian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053 China
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
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42
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Carpio LE, Olivares M, Benítez-Paez A, Serrano-Candelas E, Barigye SJ, Sanz Y, Gozalbes R. Comparative Binding Study of Gliptins to Bacterial DPP4-like Enzymes for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5744. [PMID: 38891933 PMCID: PMC11171585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota and its interplay with host metabolic health, particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management, is garnering increasing attention. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, commonly known as gliptins, constitute a class of drugs extensively used in T2DM treatment. However, their potential interactions with gut microbiota remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed computational methodologies to investigate the binding affinities of various gliptins to DPP4-like homologs produced by intestinal bacteria. The 3D structures of DPP4 homologs from gut microbiota species, including Segatella copri, Phocaeicola vulgatus, Bacteroides uniformis, Parabacteroides merdae, and Alistipes sp., were predicted using computational modeling techniques. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted for 200 ns to ensure the stability of the predicted structures. Stable structures were then utilized to predict the binding interactions with known gliptins through molecular docking algorithms. Our results revealed binding similarities of gliptins toward bacterial DPP4 homologs compared to human DPP4. Specifically, certain gliptins exhibited similar binding scores to bacterial DPP4 homologs as they did with human DPP4, suggesting a potential interaction of these drugs with gut microbiota. These findings could help in understanding the interplay between gliptins and gut microbiota DPP4 homologs, considering the intricate relationship between the host metabolism and microbial communities in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laureano E. Carpio
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
- MolDrug AI Systems SL, 46018 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Olivares
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Alfonso Benítez-Paez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Eva Serrano-Candelas
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
| | | | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Rafael Gozalbes
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
- MolDrug AI Systems SL, 46018 Valencia, Spain
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43
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Yan S, Chen L, Li N, Wei X, Wang J, Dong W, Wang Y, Shi J, Ding X, Peng Y. Effect of Akkermansia muciniphila on pancreatic islet β-cell function in rats with prediabetes mellitus induced by a high-fat diet. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:51. [PMID: 38763955 PMCID: PMC11102893 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00766-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is an important stage in the development of diabetes. It is necessary to find a safe, effective and sustainable way to delay and reverse the progression of prediabetes. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is one of the key bacteria associated with glucose metabolism. Recent studies mainly focus on the effect of A. muciniphila on obesity and insulin resistance, but there is no research on the effect of A. muciniphila on pancreatic β-cell function and its mechanism in prediabetes. In this study, we investigated the effects of A. muciniphila on β-cell function, apoptosis and differentiation, as well as its effects on the gut microbiome, intestinal barrier, metaflammation and the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced prediabetic rat model. The effect of A. muciniphila was compared with dietary intervention. The results showed both A. muciniphila treatment and dietary intervention can reduce metaflammation by repairing the intestinal barrier in rats with prediabetes induced by an HFD and improve β-cell secretory function, apoptosis and differentiation through signaling pathways mediated by TLR2 and TLR4. Additionally, A. muciniphila can further elevate β-cell secretion, attenuate apoptosis and improve differentiation and the TLR signaling pathway on the basis of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Weiping Dong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Jianxia Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yongde Peng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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44
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Møllehave LT, Madsen AL, Kampmann FB, Bjerregaard AA, Dantoft TM, Leth-Møller KB, Thysen SM, Schovsbo SU, Jacobsen RK, Aadahl M, Osler M, Jørgensen T, Linneberg A, Kårhus LL. Cohort Profile Update: The Glostrup Population Studies 1964-2024. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyae051. [PMID: 38734963 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Line Tang Møllehave
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Lykke Madsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Freja Bach Kampmann
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Meinertz Dantoft
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katja Biering Leth-Møller
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanne Marie Thysen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Ulfbeck Schovsbo
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Kart Jacobsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Aadahl
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Osler
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Lund Kårhus
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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45
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Colloca A, Donisi I, Anastasio C, Balestrieri ML, D’Onofrio N. Metabolic Alteration Bridging the Prediabetic State and Colorectal Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:663. [PMID: 38667278 PMCID: PMC11049175 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes and colorectal cancer (CRC) represent compelling health burdens responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates, sharing several modifiable risk factors. It has been hypothesized that metabolic abnormalities linking prediabetes and CRC are hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and adipokines imbalance. The chronic stimulation related to these metabolic signatures can favor CRC onset and development, as well as negatively influence CRC prognosis. To date, the growing burden of prediabetes and CRC has generated a global interest in defining their epidemiological and molecular relationships. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of the metabolic impairment determinants is compelling to identify the pathological mechanisms promoting the onset of prediabetes and CRC. In this scenario, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the metabolic alterations of prediabetes and CRC as well as an overview of recent preventive and therapeutic approaches for both diseases, focusing on the role of the metabolic state as a pivotal contributor to consider for the development of future preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nunzia D’Onofrio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.C.); (I.D.); (C.A.); (M.L.B.)
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46
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Chang WL, Chen YE, Tseng HT, Cheng CF, Wu JH, Hou YC. Gut Microbiota in Patients with Prediabetes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1105. [PMID: 38674796 PMCID: PMC11053759 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is characterized by abnormal glycemic levels below the type 2 diabetes threshold, and effective control of blood glucose may prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes. While the association between the gut microbiota, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance in diabetic patients has been established in previous studies, there is a lack of research regarding these aspects in prediabetic patients in Asia. We aim to investigate the composition of the gut microbiota in prediabetic patients and their differences compared to healthy individuals. In total, 57 prediabetic patients and 60 healthy adult individuals aged 18 to 65 years old were included in this study. Biochemistry data, fecal samples, and 3 days of food records were collected. Deoxyribonucleic acid extraction and next-generation sequencing via 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid metagenomic sequencing were conducted to analyze the relationship between the gut microbiota and dietary habits. Prediabetic patients showed a lower microbial diversity than healthy individuals, with 9 bacterial genera being less abundant and 14 others more abundant. Prediabetic patients who consumed a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet exhibited higher diversity in the gut microbiota than those who consumed a high-carbohydrate diet. A higher abundance of Coprococcus was observed in the prediabetic patients on an LC diet. Compared to healthy individuals, the gut microbiota of prediabetic patients was significantly different, and adopting an LC diet with high dietary fiber consumption may positively impact the gut microbiota. Future studies should aim to understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and glycemic control in the Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Chang
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Yu-En Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Hsiang-Tung Tseng
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei City 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hui Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
| | - Yi-Cheng Hou
- Department of Nutrition, Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; (W.-L.C.); (Y.-E.C.); (H.-T.T.); (J.-H.W.)
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47
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Poulsen CS, Hesse D, Fernandes GR, Hansen TH, Kern T, Linneberg A, Van Espen L, Jørgensen T, Nielsen T, Alibegovic AC, Matthijnssens J, Pedersen O, Vestergaard H, Hansen T, Andersen MK. Characterization of the gut bacterial and viral microbiota in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8315. [PMID: 38594375 PMCID: PMC11003976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by autoantibodies against insulin producing pancreatic beta cells and initial lack of need for insulin treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate if individuals with LADA have an altered gut microbiota relative to non-diabetic control subjects, individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Bacterial community profiling was performed with primers targeting the variable region 4 of the 16S rRNA gene and sequenced. Amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were generated with DADA2 and annotated to the SILVA database. The gut virome was sequenced, using a viral particle enrichment and metagenomics approach, assembled, and quantified to describe the composition of the viral community. Comparison of the bacterial alpha- and beta-diversity measures revealed that the gut bacteriome of individuals with LADA resembled that of individuals with T2D. Yet, specific genera were found to differ in abundance in individuals with LADA compared with T1D and T2D, indicating that LADA has unique taxonomical features. The virome composition reflected the stability of the most dominant order Caudovirales and the families Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, and Inoviridae, and the dominant family Microviridae. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casper S Poulsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dan Hesse
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Soeborg, Denmark
| | - Gabriel R Fernandes
- Biosystems Informatics, Institute René Rachou-Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tue H Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timo Kern
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Microbiomics A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lore Van Espen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical & Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Torben Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Nielsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Amra C Alibegovic
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Soeborg, Denmark
| | - Jelle Matthijnssens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical & Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oluf Pedersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Department of Medicine, Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Vestergaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Rønne, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mette K Andersen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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48
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Sechovcová H, Mahayri TM, Mrázek J, Jarošíková R, Husáková J, Wosková V, Fejfarová V. Gut microbiota in relationship to diabetes mellitus and its late complications with a focus on diabetic foot syndrome: A review. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024; 69:259-282. [PMID: 38095802 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-023-01119-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease affecting glucose metabolism. The pathophysiological reactions underpinning the disease can lead to the development of late diabetes complications. The gut microbiota plays important roles in weight regulation and the maintenance of a healthy digestive system. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy are all associated with a microbial imbalance in the gut. Modern technical equipment and advanced diagnostic procedures, including xmolecular methods, are commonly used to detect both quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota. This review summarises collective knowledge on the role of the gut microbiota in both types of diabetes mellitus and their late complications, with a particular focus on diabetic foot syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Sechovcová
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tiziana Maria Mahayri
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Jakub Mrázek
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Vídeňská, 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Jarošíková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Husáková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Wosková
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Fejfarová
- Diabetes Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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49
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Pan Y, Bu T, Deng X, Jia J, Yuan G. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine 2024; 84:1-15. [PMID: 38227168 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most serious public healthcare challenges, contributing to increased mortality and disability. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. Mounting evidence suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a significant role in the development of T2DM. Communication between the GM and the brain is a complex bidirectional connection, known as the "gut-brain axis," via the nervous, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Gut-brain axis has an essential impact on various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, food intake, gut motility, etc. In this review, we provide an outline of the gut-brain axis. We also highlight how the dysbiosis of the gut-brain axis affects glucose homeostasis and even results in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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50
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Hong J, Fu T, Liu W, Du Y, Bu J, Wei G, Yu M, Lin Y, Min C, Lin D. An Update on the Role and Potential Molecules in Relation to Ruminococcus gnavus in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1235-1248. [PMID: 38496006 PMCID: PMC10942254 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s456173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ruminococcus gnavus (R. gnavus) is a gram-positive anaerobe commonly resides in the human gut microbiota. The advent of metagenomics has linked R. gnavus with various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), obesity, and diabetes mellitus (DM), which has become a growing area of investigation. The initial focus of research primarily centered on assessing the abundance of R. gnavus and its potential association with disease presentation, taking into account variations in sample size, sequencing and analysis methods. However, recent investigations have shifted towards elucidating the underlying mechanistic pathways through which R. gnavus may contribute to disease manifestation. In this comprehensive review, we aim to provide an updated synthesis of the current literature on R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. We critically analyze relevant studies and summarize the potential molecular mediators implicated in the association between R. gnavus and these diseases. Across numerous studies, various molecules such as methylation-controlled J (MCJ), glucopolysaccharides, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), interleukin(IL)-10, IL-17, and capric acid have been proposed as potential contributors to the link between R. gnavus and IBD. Similarly, in the realm of obesity, molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, butyrate, and UDCA have been suggested as potential mediators, while glycine ursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) has been implicated in the connection between R. gnavus and DM. Furthermore, it is imperative to emphasize the necessity for additional studies to evaluate the potential efficacy of targeting pathways associated with R. gnavus as a viable strategy for managing these diseases. These findings have significantly expanded our understanding of the functional role of R. gnavus in the context of IBD, obesity, and DM. This review aims to offer updated insights into the role and potential mechanisms of R. gnavus, as well as potential strategies for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Hong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junmin Bu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guojian Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanshan Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cunyun Min
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Datao Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China
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