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Wang D, Ruan W, Fan L, Xu H, Song Q, Diao H, He R, Jin Y, Zhang A. Hypermethylation of Mig-6 gene promoter region inactivates its function, leading to EGFR/ERK signaling hyperphosphorylation, and is involved in arsenite-induced hepatic stellate cells activation and extracellular matrix deposition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129577. [PMID: 35850069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a widespread naturally contaminant. Previous studies have highlighted the issue of liver fibrosis induced by arsenic exposure, while the exact mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Recent studies suggest that Mig-6/EGFR/ERK signaling appear to play important roles in fibrosis caused by various factors. In this study, we focused on the epigenetic modification combined with the signaling dysregulation to validate the role of Mig-6 in regulating EGFR/ERK signaling in arsenite-induced human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. Our results revealed that arsenite exposure induced HSCs activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The EGFR/ERK signaling was significantly hyperphosphorylated in arsenite-exposed HSCs, and Mig-6 inactivation was involved in arsenite induced hyperphosphorylation of EGFR and activation of HSCs. Additionally, we further illustrated that hypermethylation of Mig-6 gene promoter region was responsible for the downregulation of Mig-6 induced by arsenite exposure. Moreover, 5-Aza-dC (a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) can efficiently rescue hypermethylation of Mig-6 gene, decrease the hyperphosphorylation of EGFR/ERK signaling, then reverse arsenite induced HSCs activation. Taken together, the present study strongly suggests that inactivating of Mig-6 function by hypermethylation of its promoter region leading to hyperphosphorylation of EGFR/ERK signaling, and is involved in arsenite-induced HSCs activation and ECM deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| | - Wenli Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China; Tongren Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Huifen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Qian Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Heng Diao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Rui He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
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2
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Resveratrol Derivatives via the Downregulation of Oxidative-Stress-Dependent and c-Src Transactivation EGFR Pathways on Rat Mesangial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050835. [PMID: 35624699 PMCID: PMC9138040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In Taiwan, the root extract of Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. (Vitaceae, VT) is rich in stilbenes, with resveratrol (Res) and its derivatives being the most abundant. Previously, we showed that the effect of Res derivatives against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated inflammatory responses occurs via cPLA2/COX-2/PGE2 inhibition. This study compared and explored the underlying anti-inflammatory pharmacological mechanisms. Before stimulation with TNF-α, RMCs were treated with/without pharmacological inhibitors of specific protein kinases. The expression of inflammatory mediators was determined by Western blotting, gelatin zymography, real-time PCR, and luciferase assay. Cellular and mitochondrial ROS were measured by H2DHFDA or DHE and MitoSOX™ Red staining, respectively. The RNS level was indirectly measured by Griess reagent assay. Kinase activation and association were assayed by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting. TNF-α binding to TNFR recruited Rac1 and p47phox, thus activating the NAPDH oxidase-dependent MAPK and NF-κB pathways. The TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation via c-Src-driven ROS was independent from the EGFR signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory effects of Res derivatives occurred via the inhibition of ROS derived from mitochondria and NADPH oxidase; RNS derived from iNOS; and the activation of the ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and NF-κB pathways. Overall, this study provides an understanding of the various activities of Res derivatives and their pharmacological mechanisms. In the future, the application of the active molecules of VT to health foods and medicine in Taiwan may increase.
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3
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Lee H, Huang DY, Chang HC, Lin CY, Ren WY, Dai YS, Lin WW. Blimp-1 Upregulation by Multiple Ligands via EGFR Transactivation Inhibits Cell Migration in Keratinocytes and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:763678. [PMID: 35185556 PMCID: PMC8847214 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.763678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1) is a transcriptional repressor and plays a crucial role in the regulation of development and functions of various immune cells. Currently, there is limited understanding about the regulation of Blimp-1 expression and cellular functions in keratinocytes and cancer cells. Previously we demonstrated that EGF can upregulate Blimp-1 gene expression in keratinocytes, playing a negative role in regulation of cell migration and inflammation. Because it remains unclear if Blimp-1 can be regulated by other stimuli beyond EGF, here we further investigated multiple stimuli for their regulation of Blimp-1 expression in keratinocytes and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found that PMA, TNF-α, LPS, polyIC, H2O2 and UVB can upregulate the protein and/or mRNA levels of Blimp-1 in HaCaT and SCC cells. Concomitant EGFR activation was observed by these stimuli, and EGFR inhibitor gefitinib and Syk inhibitor can block Blimp-1 gene expression caused by PMA. Reporter assay of Blimp-1 promoter activity further indicated the involvement of AP-1 in PMA-, TNF-α-, LPS- and EGF-elicited Blimp-1 mRNA expression. Confocal microscopic data indicated the nuclear loclization of Blimp-1, and such localization was not changed by stimuli. Moreover, Blimp-1 silencing enhanced SCC cell migration. Taken together, Blimp-1 can be transcriptionally upregulated by several stimuli in keratinocytes and SCC via EGFR transactivation and AP-1 pathway. These include growth factor PMA, cytokine TNF-α, TLR ligands (LPS and polyIC), and ROS insults (H2O2 and UVB). The function of Blimp-1 as a negative regulator of cell migration in SCC can provide a new therapeutic target in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ching Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yee Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Shia Dai
- Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Wan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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4
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Shafiekhani S, Poursheykhani A, Rahbar S, Jafari AH. Simulating ATO Mechanism and EGFR Signaling with Fuzzy Logic and Petri Net. J Biomed Phys Eng 2021; 11:325-336. [PMID: 34189121 PMCID: PMC8236109 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Interactions of many key proteins or genes in signalling pathway have been studied qualitatively in the literature, but only little quantitative information is available. Objective: Although much has been done to clarify the biochemistry of transcriptional dynamics in signalling pathway, it remains difficult to find out and predict quantitative responses. The aim of this study is to construct a computational model of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling pathway as one of hallmarks of cancer so as to predict quantitative responses. Material and Methods: In this analytical study, we presented a computational model to investigate EGFR signalling pathway. Interaction of Arsenic trioxide (ATO) with EGFR signalling pathway factors has been elicited by systematic search in data bases, as ATO is one of the mysterious chemotherapy agents that control EGFR expression in cancer. ATO has dichotomous manner in vivo, dependent on its concentration. According to fuzzy rules based upon qualitative knowledge and Petri Net, we can construct a quantitative model to describe ATO mechanism in EGFR signalling pathway. Results: By Fuzzy Logic models that have the potential to trade with the loss of quantitative information on how different species interact, along with Petri net quantitatively describe the dynamics of EGFR signalling pathway. By this model the dynamic of different factors in EGFR signalling pathway is achieved. Conclusion: The use of Fuzzy Logic and PNs in biological network modelling causes a deeper understanding and comprehensive analysis of the biological networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Shafiekhani
- PhD Candidate, Department of Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhD Candidate, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine (RCSTIM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Poursheykhani
- PhD Candidate, Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Rahbar
- PhD Candidate, Department of Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhD Candidate, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine (RCSTIM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Homayoun Jafari
- PhD, Department of Biophysics & Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- PhD, Research Center for Science and Technology in Medicine (RCSTIM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Arsenic Toxicity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020240. [PMID: 32033297 PMCID: PMC7072296 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic poisoning is a global health problem. Chronic exposure to arsenic has been associated with the development of a wide range of diseases and health problems in humans. Arsenic exposure induces the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediate multiple changes to cell behavior by altering signaling pathways and epigenetic modifications, or cause direct oxidative damage to molecules. Antioxidants with the potential to reduce ROS levels have been shown to ameliorate arsenic-induced lesions. However, emerging evidence suggests that constructive activation of antioxidative pathways and decreased ROS levels contribute to chronic arsenic toxicity in some cases. This review details the pathways involved in arsenic-induced redox imbalance, as well as current studies on prophylaxis and treatment strategies using antioxidants.
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6
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Kryeziu K, Pirker C, Englinger B, van Schoonhoven S, Spitzwieser M, Mohr T, Körner W, Weinmüllner R, Tav K, Grillari J, Cichna-Markl M, Berger W, Heffeter P. Chronic arsenic trioxide exposure leads to enhanced aggressiveness via Met oncogene addiction in cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:27379-93. [PMID: 27036042 PMCID: PMC5053657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As an environmental poison, arsenic is responsible for many cancer deaths. Paradoxically, arsenic trioxide (ATO) presents also a powerful therapy used to treat refractory acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and is intensively investigated for treatment of other cancer types. Noteworthy, cancer therapy is frequently hampered by drug resistance, which is also often associated with enhancement of tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we analyzed ATO-selected cancer cells (A2780ATO) for the mechanisms underlying their enhanced tumorigenicity and aggressiveness. These cells were characterized by enhanced proliferation and spheroid growth as well as increased tumorigenicity of xenografts in SCID mice. Noteworthy, subsequent studies revealed that overexpression of Met receptor was the underlying oncogenic driver of these effects, as A2780ATO cells were characterized by collateral sensitivity against Met inhibitors. This finding was also confirmed by array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) and whole genome gene expression arrays, which revealed that Met overexpression by chronic ATO exposure was based on the transcriptional regulation via activation of AP-1. Finally, it was shown that treatment with the Met inhibitor crizotinib was also effective against A2780ATO cell xenografts in vivo, indicating that targeting of Met presents a promising strategy for the treatment of Met-overexpressing tumors after either arsenic exposure or failure to ATO treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Englinger
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sushilla van Schoonhoven
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Mohr
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Körner
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Regina Weinmüllner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Koray Tav
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Christian Doppler Laboratory on Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.,Evercyte GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Walter Berger
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Platform "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", Vienna, Austria
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7
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Csányi G, Feck DM, Ghoshal P, Singla B, Lin H, Nagarajan S, Meijles DN, Al Ghouleh I, Cantu-Medellin N, Kelley EE, Mateuszuk L, Isenberg JS, Watkins S, Pagano PJ. CD47 and Nox1 Mediate Dynamic Fluid-Phase Macropinocytosis of Native LDL. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:886-901. [PMID: 27958762 PMCID: PMC5455613 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Macropinocytosis has been implicated in cardiovascular and other disorders, yet physiological factors that initiate fluid-phase internalization and the signaling mechanisms involved remain poorly identified. The present study was designed to examine whether matrix protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) stimulates macrophage macropinocytosis and, if so, to investigate the potential signaling mechanism involved. RESULTS TSP1 treatment of human and murine macrophages stimulated membrane ruffle formation and pericellular solute internalization by macropinocytosis. Blockade of TSP1 cognate receptor CD47 and NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) signaling, inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and transcriptional knockdown of myotubularin-related protein 6 abolished TSP1-induced macropinocytosis. Our results demonstrate that Nox1 signaling leads to dephosphorylation of actin-binding protein cofilin at Ser-3, actin remodeling, and macropinocytotic uptake of unmodified native low-density lipoprotein (nLDL), leading to foam cell formation. Finally, peritoneal chimera studies suggest the role of CD47 in macrophage lipid macropinocytosis in hypercholesterolemic ApoE-/- mice in vivo. INNOVATION Activation of a previously unidentified TSP1-CD47 signaling pathway in macrophages stimulates direct receptor-independent internalization of nLDL, leading to significant lipid accumulation and foam cell formation. These findings reveal a new paradigm in which delimited Nox1-mediated redox signaling, independent of classical lipid oxidation, contributes to early propagation of vascular inflammatory disease. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study demonstrate a new mechanism of solute uptake with implications for a wide array of cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and cancer cells, and multiple pathological conditions in which matrix proteins are upregulated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 886-901.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Csányi
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Douglas M Feck
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bhupesh Singla
- 3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Huiping Lin
- 3 Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University , Augusta, Georgia
| | - Shanmugam Nagarajan
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel N Meijles
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Imad Al Ghouleh
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nadiezhda Cantu-Medellin
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric E Kelley
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- 4 Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics , Kraków, Poland
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,5 Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simon Watkins
- 6 Center for Biologic Imaging, BSTS, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrick J Pagano
- 1 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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8
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Lee CW, Lin ZC, Hsu LF, Fang JY, Chiang YC, Tsai MH, Lee MH, Li SY, Hu SCS, Lee IT, Yen FL. Eupafolin ameliorates COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in particulate pollutants-exposed human keratinocytes through ROS/MAPKs pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:300-309. [PMID: 27180879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Eupafolin is a major bioactive compound derived from the methanolic extract of the medicinal herb Phyla nodiflora, which has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various inflammatory diseases. Recently, particulate air pollutants have been shown to induce inflammation of the skin. In this study, we seek to determine whether eupafolin can inhibit the production of inflammatory mediators in a human skin keratinocyte cell line exposed to particulate air pollutants (particulate matter, PM), and determine the molecular mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human keratinocyte HaCaT cells were treated with PM in the presence or absence of eupafolin. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and gene expression levels were determined by Western blotting, RT-PCR and luciferase activity assay. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production was evaluated by the enzyme immunoassay method. Generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by the dichlorofluorescin (DCFH) oxidation assay, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity was determined by a chemiluminescence assay. For in vivo studies, COX-2 expression in the skin of BALB/c nude mice was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Eupafolin inhibited PM-induced COX-2 protein and gene expression and PGE2 production in HaCaT cells. In addition, eupafolin suppressed PM-induced intracellular ROS generation, NADPH oxidase activity, MAPK (ERK, JNK and p38) activation and NK-κB activation. In vivo studies showed that topical treatment with eupafolin inhibited COX-2 expression in the epidermal keratinocytes of PM-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS Eupafolin exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on skin keratinocytes exposed to particulate air pollutants, and may have potential use in the treatment or prevention of air pollutant-induced inflammatory skin diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Wen Lee
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Institute of Technology and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chiayi, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Graduate Institute of BioMedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Fen Hsu
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan Taiwan; Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthetics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kou and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chang Chiang
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Horng Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsueh Lee
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chia-Yi 613 Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy & Health Care, Tajen University, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Lin Yen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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9
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Feng B, Dai A, Chen L, Qiu L, Fu Y, Sun W. NADPH oxidase-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced epidermal growth factor receptor clustering. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:596-602. [PMID: 27442448 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A 50-Hz magnetic field (MF) was found to induce epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) clustering in our previous study. The aim of this work was to investigate the molecular mechanisms that mediated MF-induced EGFR clustering. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human amniotic epithelial (FL) cells were exposed to a 50-Hz MF. Total reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytoplasmic and mitochondrial superoxide production were detected by DCFH-DA, DHE and MitoSOX, respectively. EGFR clustering was analyzed using confocal microscopy after indirect immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Results showed that exposing FL cells to MF at intensity higher than 0.2 mT for 15 min enhanced total ROS production. Additionally, enhanced total ROS and cytoplasmic superoxide production were observed after exposing cells to MF at 0.4 mT for 5, 15, or 30 min, while mitochondrial superoxide production for 15 or 30 min. Pretreatment with Nox inhibitor, DPI, effectively inhibited MF-induced cytoplasmic superoxide production and subsequent EGFR clustering while mitochondrial superoxide production was not affected. CONCLUSIONS Nox-produced superoxide mediated a 50-Hz magnetic field-induced EGFR clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihuan Feng
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Ahui Dai
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China ;,c Healthcare Department , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Liping Qiu
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yiti Fu
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- a Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China ;,b Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
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10
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Al Taleb Z, Petry A, Chi TF, Mennerich D, Görlach A, Dimova EY, Kietzmann T. Differential transcriptional regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α by arsenite under normoxia and hypoxia: involvement of Nrf2. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:1153-1166. [PMID: 27286880 PMCID: PMC5052318 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Arsenite (As(III)) is widely distributed in nature and can be found in water, food, and air. There is significant evidence that exposure to As(III) is associated with human cancers originated from liver, lung, skin, bladder, kidney, and prostate. Hypoxia plays a role in tumor growth and aggressiveness; adaptation to it is, at least to a large extent, mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In the current study, we investigated As(III) effects on HIF-1α under normoxia and hypoxia in the hepatoma cell line HepG2. We found that As(III) increased HIF-1α protein levels under normoxia while the hypoxia-mediated induction of HIF1α was reduced. Thereby, the As(III) effects on HIF-1α were dependent on both, transcriptional regulation via the transcription factor Nrf2 mediated by NOX4, PI3K/Akt, and ERK1/2 as well as by modulation of HIF-1α protein stability. In line, the different effects of As(III) via participation of HIF-1α and Nrf2 were also seen in tube formation assays with endothelial cells where knockdown of Nrf2 and HIF-1α abolished As(III) effects. Overall, the present study shows that As(III) is a potent inducer of HIF-1α under normoxia but not under hypoxia which may explain, in part, its carcinogenic as well as anti-carcinogenic actions. Key message As(III) increased HIF-1α under normoxia but reduced its hypoxia-dependent induction. The As(III) effects on HIF-1α were dependent on ROS, NOX4, PI3K/Akt, and ERK1/2. The As(III) effects under normoxia involved transcriptional regulation via Nrf2. Knockdown of Nrf2 and HIF-1α abolished As(III) effects in tube formation assays. The data may partially explain As(III)’s carcinogenic and anti-carcinogenic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zukaa Al Taleb
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Andreas Petry
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tabughang Franklin Chi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Daniela Mennerich
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Agnes Görlach
- Experimental and Molecular Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Thomas Kietzmann
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7, FI-90220, Oulu, Finland.
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11
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Escudero-Lourdes C. Toxicity mechanisms of arsenic that are shared with neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment: Role of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:223-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Liu ZM, Tseng HY, Cheng YL, Yeh BW, Wu WJ, Huang HS. TG-interacting factor transcriptionally induced by AKT/FOXO3A is a negative regulator that antagonizes arsenic trioxide-induced cancer cell apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 285:41-50. [PMID: 25791921 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is a multi-target drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration as the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. In addition, several clinical trials are being conducted with arsenic-based drugs for the treatment of other hematological malignancies and solid tumors. However, ATO's modest clinical efficacy on some cancers, and potential toxic effects on humans have been reported. Determining how best to reduce these adverse effects while increasing its therapeutic efficacy is obviously a critical issue. Previously, we demonstrated that the JNK-induced complex formation of phosphorylated c-Jun and TG-interacting factor (TGIF) antagonizes ERK-induced cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A (p21(WAF1/CIP1)) expression and resultant apoptosis in response to ATO in A431 cells. Surprisingly, at low-concentrations (0.1-0.2 μM), ATO increased cellular proliferation, migration and invasion, involving TGIF expression, however, at high-concentrations (5-20 μM), ATO induced cell apoptosis. Using a promoter analysis, TGIF was transcriptionally regulated by ATO at the FOXO3A binding site (-1486 to -1479bp) via the c-Src/EGFR/AKT pathway. Stable overexpression of TGIF promoted advancing the cell cycle into the S phase, and attenuated 20 μM ATO-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, blockage of the AKT pathway enhanced ATO-induced CDKN1A expression and resultant apoptosis in cancer cells, but overexpression of AKT1 inhibited CDKN1A expression. Therefore, we suggest that TGIF is transcriptionally regulated by the c-Src/EGFR/AKT pathway, which plays a role as a negative regulator in antagonizing ATO-induced CDKN1A expression and resultant apoptosis. Suppression of these antagonistic effects might be a promising therapeutic strategy toward improving clinical efficacy of ATO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Miao Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yu Tseng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Cheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Wen Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Sheng Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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13
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Cytotoxin-induced NADPH oxides activation: roles in regulation of cell death. Arch Toxicol 2015; 89:991-1006. [PMID: 25690733 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that a variety of cytotoxic agents can activate the NADPH oxidase system and induce redox-dependent regulation of cellular functions. Cytotoxin-induced NADPH oxidase activation may either exert cytoprotective actions (e.g., survival, proliferation, and stress tolerance) or cause cell death. Here we summarize the experimental evidence showing the context-dependent dichotomous effects of NADPH oxidase on cell fate under cytotoxic stress conditions and the potential redox signaling mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Clearly, it is difficult to create a unified paradigm on the toxicological implications of NADPH oxidase activation in response to cytotoxic stimuli. We suggest that interventional strategies targeting the NADPH oxidase system to prevent the adverse impacts of cytotoxins need to be contemplated in a stimuli- and cell type-specific manner.
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TG-interacting factor mediates arsenic-induced malignant transformation of keratinocytes via c-Src/EGFR/AKT/FOXO3A and redox signalings. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:2229-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Bolt HM. Current developments in toxicology. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:2093-5. [PMID: 25428172 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hermann M Bolt
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at the Technical University of Dortmund (IfADo), 44139, Dortmund, Germany,
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16
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Yang CM, Hsieh HL, Yu PH, Lin CC, Liu SW. IL-1β Induces MMP-9-Dependent Brain Astrocytic Migration via Transactivation of PDGF Receptor/NADPH Oxidase 2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Signals. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:303-17. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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17
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Hong Z, Cabrera JA, Mahapatra S, Kutty S, Weir EK, Archer SL. Activation of the EGFR/p38/JNK pathway by mitochondrial-derived hydrogen peroxide contributes to oxygen-induced contraction of ductus arteriosus. J Mol Med (Berl) 2014; 92:995-1007. [PMID: 24906456 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-014-1162-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Oxygen-induced contraction of the ductus arteriosus (DA) involves a mitochondrial oxygen sensor, which signals pO2 in the DA smooth muscle cell (DASMC) by increasing production of diffusible hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). H2O2 stimulates vasoconstriction by regulating ion channels and Rho kinase, leading to calcium influx and calcium sensitization. Because epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is also redox regulated and participates in oxygen sensing and vasoconstriction in other systems, we explored the role of the EGFR and its signaling cascade (p38 and c-Jun N-amino-terminal kinase (JNK)) in DA contraction. Experiments were performed in DA rings isolated from full-term New Zealand white rabbits and human DASMC. In human DASMCs, increasing pO2 from hypoxia to normoxia (40 to 100 mmHg) significantly increased cytosolic calcium, p < 0.01. This normoxic rise in intracellular calcium was mimicked by EGF and inhibited by EGFR siRNA. In DA rings, EGF caused contraction while the specific EGFR inhibitor (AG1478) and the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (genistein or tyrphostin A23) selectively attenuated oxygen-induced contraction (p < 0.01). Conversely, orthovanadate, a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor known to activate EGFR signaling, caused dose-dependent contraction of hypoxic DA and superimposed increases in oxygen caused minimal additional contraction. Anisomycin, an activator of EGFR's downstream kinases, p38 and JNK, caused DA contraction; conversely, oxygen-induced DA contraction was blocked by inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) (SB203580) or JNK (JNK inhibitor II). O2-induced phosphorylation of EGFR occurred within 5 min of increasing pO2 and was inhibited by mitochondrial-targeted overexpression of catalase. AG1478 prevented the oxygen-induced p38 and JNK phosphorylation. In conclusion, O2-induced EGFR transactivation initiates p38/JNK-mediated increases in cytosolic calcium and contributes to DA contraction. The EGFR/p38/JNK pathway is regulated by mitochondrial redox signaling and is a promising therapeutic target for modulation of the patent ductus arteriosus. KEY MESSAGES Oxygen activates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in ductus arteriosus (DA) smooth muscle cells. EGFR inhibition selectively attenuates O2-induced DA constriction. pO2-induced EGFR activation is mediated by mitochondrial-derived hydrogen peroxide. p38 MAPK and JNK mediated EGFR's effects on oxygen-induced DA contraction. Tyrosine kinases and phosphatases participate in oxygen sensing in the DA. The EGFR pathway offers new therapeutic targets to modulate patency of the ductus arteriosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Hong
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Etherington Hall, Room 3041, 94 Stuart St., Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3 N6, Canada
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Li YN, Xi MM, Guo Y, Hai CX, Yang WL, Qin XJ. NADPH oxidase-mitochondria axis-derived ROS mediate arsenite-induced HIF-1α stabilization by inhibiting prolyl hydroxylases activity. Toxicol Lett 2013; 224:165-74. [PMID: 24188932 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure has been shown to induce hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) accumulation, however the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that arsenic exposure triggered the interaction between NADPH oxidase and mitochondria to promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which inactivate prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) activity, leading to the stabilization of HIF-1α protein. Exposure of human immortalized liver cell line HL-7702 cells to arsenite induced HIF-1α accumulation in a dose-dependent manner, which was abolished by SOD mimetic MnTMPyP. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase with diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) or inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain with rotenone significantly blocked arsenite-induced ROS production, and the mitochondria appeared to be the major source of ROS production. Arsenite treatment inhibited HIF-1α hydroxylation by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) and increased HIF-1α stabilization, but did not affect HIF-1α mRNA expression and Akt activation. Supplementation of ascorbate or Fe(II) completely abolished arsenite-induced PHDs inhibition and HIF-1α stabilization. In conclusion, these results define a unique mechanism of HIF-1α accumulation following arsenic exposure, that is, arsenic activates NADPH oxidase-mitochondria axis to produce ROS, which deplete intracellular ascorbate and Fe(II) to inactivate PHDs, leading to HIF-1α stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Na Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medicine School, The Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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Reactive oxygen species are required for 5-HT-induced transactivation of neuronal platelet-derived growth factor and TrkB receptors, but not for ERK1/2 activation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77027. [PMID: 24086766 PMCID: PMC3785432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
High concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cellular damage, however at lower concentrations ROS act as intracellular second messengers. In this study, we demonstrate that serotonin (5-HT) transactivates the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) type β receptor as well as the TrkB receptor in neuronal cultures and SH-SY5Y cells, and that the transactivation of both receptors is ROS-dependent. Exogenous application of H2O2 induced the phosphorylation of these receptors in a dose-dependent fashion, similar to that observed with 5-HT. However the same concentrations of H2O2 failed to increase ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Yet, the NADPH oxidase inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium chloride and apocynin blocked both 5-HT-induced PDGFβ receptor phosphorylation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The increases in PDGFβ receptor and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were also dependent on protein kinase C activity, likely acting upstream of NADPH oxidase. Additionally, although the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine abrogated 5-HT-induced PDGFβ and TrkB receptor transactivation, it was unable to prevent 5-HT-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Thus, the divergence point for 5-HT-induced receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) transactivation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation occurs at the level of NADPH oxidase in this system. The ability of 5-HT to induce the production of ROS resulting in transactivation of both PDGFβ and TrkB receptors may suggest that instead of a single GPCR to single RTK pathway, a less selective, more global RTK response to GPCR activation is occurring.
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Characterization of arsenic trioxide resistant clones derived from Jurkat leukemia T cell line: focus on PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2013; 205:198-211. [PMID: 23911876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study the role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in arsenic trioxide (ATO)-treated parental Jurkat cells and also in derived ATO-resistant clones grown in the presence of given ATO concentration was investigated. ATO-resistant clones (cultured for 8-12weeks in the presence of 1, 2.5 and 5μM ATO) were characterized by high viability in the presence of ATO but slower growth rate compared to the parental cells. Morphological and functional characterization of derived ATO-resistant clones revealed that they did not differ fundamentally from parental Jurkat cells in terms of cell size, level of GSH, the lysosomal fluorescence or CD95/Fas surface antigen expression. However, a slight increase in the mitochondrial potential (JC-1 staining) was detected in the clones compared to parental Jurkat cells. Side population analysis (Vybrant DyeCycle Violet™ staining) in ATO resistant clones did not indicate any enrichment withcancer stem cells. Akt1/2, AktV or wortmannin inhibitors decreased viability of ATO-resistant clones grown in the presence of ATO, with no effect on ATO-treated parental cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ATO decreased the level of p-Akt in ATO-treated parental cells, while the resistant clones exhibited higher levels of p-Akt immunostaining than parental Jurkat cells. Expression analysis of 84 genes involved in the PI3K/Akt pathway revealed that this pathway was predominantly active in ATO-resistant clones. c-JUN seems to play a key role in the induction of cell death in ATO-treated parental Jurkat cells, as dose-dependent strong up-regulation of JUN was specific for the ATO-treated parental Jurkat cells. On the other hand, changes in expression of cyclin D1 (CCND1), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and protein kinase C isoforms (PRKCZ,PRKCB and PRKCA) may be responsible for the induction of resistance to ATO. The changes in expression of growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 (GRB10) observed in ATO-resistant clones suggest a possibility of induction of different mechanisms in development of resistance to ATO depending on the drug concentration and thus involvement of different signaling mediators.
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21
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Role of cysteine 288 in nucleophosmin cytoplasmic mutations: sensitization to toxicity induced by arsenic trioxide and bortezomib. Leukemia 2013; 27:1970-80. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Kryeziu K, Jungwirth U, Hoda MA, Ferk F, Knasmüller S, Karnthaler-Benbakka C, Kowol CR, Berger W, Heffeter P. Synergistic anticancer activity of arsenic trioxide with erlotinib is based on inhibition of EGFR-mediated DNA double-strand break repair. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:1073-84. [PMID: 23548265 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO), one of the oldest remedies used in traditional medicine, was recently rediscovered as an anticancer drug and approved for treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, its activity against nonhematologic cancers is rather limited so far. Here, we show that inhibition of ATO-mediated EGF receptor (EGFR) activation can be used to potently sensitize diverse solid cancer types against ATO. Thus, combination of ATO and the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib exerted synergistic activity against multiple cancer cell lines. Subsequent analyses revealed that this effect was based on the blockade of ATO-induced EGFR phosphorylation leading to more pronounced G2-M arrest as well as enhanced and more rapid induction of apoptosis. Comparable ATO-sensitizing effects were also found with PI3K/AKT and mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors, suggesting an essential role of the EGFR-mediated downstream signaling pathway in cancer cell protection against ATO. H2AX staining and comet assay revealed that erlotinib significantly increases ATO-induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) well in accordance with a role of the EGFR signaling axis in DNA damage repair. Indeed, EGFR inhibition led to downregulation of several DNA DSB repair proteins such as Rad51 and Rad50 as well as reduced phosphorylation of BRCA1. Finally, the combination treatment of ATO and erlotinib was also distinctly superior to both monotreatments against the notoriously therapy-resistant human A549 lung cancer and the orthotopic p31 mesothelioma xenograft model in vivo. In conclusion, this study suggests that combination of ATO and EGFR inhibitors is a promising therapeutic strategy against various solid tumors harboring wild-type EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kushtrim Kryeziu
- Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cellular functions regulated by phosphorylation of EGFR on Tyr845. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:10761-90. [PMID: 23702846 PMCID: PMC3709701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140610761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Src gene product (Src) and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are prototypes of oncogene products and function primarily as a cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine kinase and a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase, respectively. The identification of Src and EGFR, and the subsequent extensive investigations of these proteins have long provided cutting edge research in cancer and other molecular and cellular biological studies. In 1995, we reported that the human epidermoid carcinoma cells, A431, contain a small fraction of Src and EGFR in which these two kinase were in physical association with each other, and that Src phosphorylates EGFR on tyrosine 845 (Y845) in the Src-EGFR complex. Y845 of EGFR is located in the activation segment of the kinase domain, where many protein kinases contain kinase-activating autophosphorylation sites (e.g., cAMP-dependent protein kinase, Src family kinases, transmembrane receptor type tyrosine kinases) or trans-phosphorylation sites (e.g., cyclin-dependent protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Akt protein kinase). A number of studies have demonstrated that Y845 phosphorylation serves an important role in cancer as well as normal cells. Here we compile the experimental facts involving Src phosphorylation of EGFR on Y845, by which cell proliferation, cell cycle control, mitochondrial regulation of cell metabolism, gamete activation and other cellular functions are regulated. We also discuss the physiological relevance, as well as structural insights of the Y845 phosphorylation.
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Kodigepalli KM, Dutta PS, Bauckman KA, Nanjundan M. SnoN/SkiL expression is modulated via arsenic trioxide-induced activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in ovarian cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2012. [PMID: 23178716 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2012.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SnoN/SkiL (TGFβ regulator) is dysregulated in ovarian cancer, a disease associated with acquired drug-resistance. Arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃, used in treating APL) induces SnoN to oppose the apoptotic response in ovarian cancer cells. We now report that As₂O₃ increases phosphorylation of EGFR/p66ShcA and EGFR degradation. As₂O₃ activates Src(Y416) whose activity (inhibited by PP2) modulates EGFR activation, its interaction with Shc/Grb2, and p-AKT. Inhibition of PI3K reduces SnoN and cell survival. Although EGFR or MAPK1 siRNA did not alter SnoN expression, As₂O₃-induced cleaved PARP was reduced together with increased XIAP. Collectively, As₂O₃ mediates an initial rise in pY-Src(416) to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway which increases SnoN and cell survival; these early events may counter the cell death response associated with increased pY-EGFR/MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik M Kodigepalli
- University of South Florida, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, ISA2015, Tampa, FL, United States
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He YF, Chen HJ, Qian LH, He LF, Buzby JS. Diphenyleneiodonium protects preoligodendrocytes against endotoxin-activated microglial NADPH oxidase-generated peroxynitrite in a neonatal rat model of periventricular leukomalacia. Brain Res 2012; 1492:108-21. [PMID: 23174417 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of microglial activation to preoligodendroglial (preOL) damage in the central nervous system (CNS) is considered to be one of the principal causes of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) pathogenesis. The present study explores the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor, on protection of preOLs from bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial toxicity in vivo and in vitro. In vitro, preOLs co-cultured with microglia exhibited increased preOL apoptosis, accompanied by overproduction of superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and the formation of peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) after LPS exposure. LPS also significantly up-regulated accumulation of activated microglial NOX subunits p67-phox and gp91-phox in the plasma membrane. Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) (10μm) was found to significantly attenuate up-regulation of this NOX activity. In vivo, DPI was administered (1mg/kg/day) by subcutaneous injection for 3 days to two-day-old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to intracerebral injection of LPS. Treatment with DPI within 24h of LPS injection significantly ameliorated white matter injury, decreasing preOL loss, O(2)(-) generation, and ONOO(-) formation, and inhibiting p67-phox, gp91-phox synthesis and p67phox membrane translocation in microglia. These results indicated that LPS-induced preOL apoptosis may have been mediated by microglia-derived ONOO(-). DPI prevented this LPS-induced brain injury, most likely by inhibiting ONOO(-) formation via NOX, thereby preventing preOL loss and immature white matter injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang He
- Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Kongjiang Road 1665, Shanghai 200092, China.
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