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Liu D, Garrigues S, Culleton H, McKie VA, de Vries RP. Analysis of the molecular basis for the non-amylolytic and non-proteolytic nature of Aspergillus vadensis CBS 113365. N Biotechnol 2024; 82:25-32. [PMID: 38697469 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Aspergillus vadensis CBS 113365, a close relative of A. niger, has been suggested as a more favourable alternative for recombinant protein production as it does not acidify the culture medium and produces very low levels of extracellular proteases. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying cause of the non-amylolytic and non-proteolytic phenotype of A. vadensis CBS 113365. Our results demonstrate that the non-functionality of the amylolytic transcription factor AmyR in A. vadensis CBS 113365 is primarily attributed to the lack of functionality of its gene's promoter sequence. In contrast, a different mechanism is likely causing the lack of PrtT activity, which is the main transcriptional regulator of protease production. The findings presented here not only expand our understanding of the genetic basis behind the distinct characteristics of A. vadensis CBS 113365, but also underscore its potential as a favourable alternative for recombinant protein production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dujuan Liu
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Garrigues
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Departament of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Helena Culleton
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands; Megazyme International Ireland, Bray, Co. Wicklow, Ireland
| | | | - Ronald P de Vries
- Fungal Physiology, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute & Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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Influence of poly(butylene succinate) and calcium carbonate nanoparticles on the biodegradability of high density-polyethylene nanocomposites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Contreras-Jácquez V, Rodríguez-González J, Mateos-Díaz JC, Valenzuela-Soto EM, Asaff-Torres A. Differential Activation of Ferulic Acid Catabolic Pathways of Amycolatopsis sp. ATCC 39116 in Submerged and Surface Cultures. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:494-516. [PMID: 32399842 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amycolatopsis sp. ATCC 39116 catabolizes ferulic acid by the non-oxidative deacetylation and β-oxidation pathways to produce vanillin and vanillic acid, respectively. In submerged culture, vanillin productivity decreased more than 8-fold, when ferulic, p-coumaric, and caffeic acids were employed in pre-cultures of the microorganism in order to activate the ferulic acid catabolic pathways, resulting in a carbon redistribution since vanillic acid and guaiacol productivities increased more than 5-fold compared with control. In contrast, in surface culture, the effects of ferulic and sinapic acids in pre-cultures were totally opposite to those of the submerged culture, directing the carbon distribution into vanillin formation. In surface culture, more than 30% of ferulic acid can be used as carbon source for other metabolic processes, such as ATP regeneration. In this way, the intracellular ATP concentration remained constant during the biotransformation process by surface culture (100 μg ATP/mg protein), demonstrating a high energetic state, which can maintain active the non-oxidative deacetylation pathway. In contrast, in submerged culture, it decreased 3.15-fold at the end of the biotransformation compared with the initial content, showing a low energetic state, while the NAD+/NADH ratio (23.15) increased 1.81-fold. It seems that in submerged culture, low energetic and high oxidative states are the physiological conditions that can redirect the ferulic catabolism into β-oxidative pathway and/or vanillin oxidation to produce vanillic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Contreras-Jácquez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, La Victoria, CP, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jorge Rodríguez-González
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial), Camino el Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, CP, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Mateos-Díaz
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. (Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial), Camino el Arenero 1227, El Bajío del Arenal, CP, 45019, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Elisa M Valenzuela-Soto
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, La Victoria, CP, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Ali Asaff-Torres
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (Coordinación de Ciencia de los Alimentos), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas 46, La Victoria, CP, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
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Sui YF, Ouyang LM, Schütze T, Cheng S, Meyer V, Zhuang YP. Comparative genomics of the aconidial Aspergillus niger strain LDM3 predicts genes associated with its high protein secretion capacity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2623-2637. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10398-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Transcription Factor Atf1 Regulates Expression of Cellulase and Xylanase Genes during Solid-State Fermentation of Ascomycetes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.01226-19. [PMID: 31604764 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01226-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation of cellulolytic and xylolytic genes in ascomycete fungi is controlled by specific carbon sources in different external environments. Here, comparative transcriptomic analyses of Penicillium oxalicum grown on wheat bran (WB), WB plus rice straw (WR), or WB plus Avicel (WA) as the sole carbon source under solid-state fermentation (SSF) revealed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in metabolism, specifically, carbohydrate metabolism. Of the DEGs, the basic core carbohydrate-active enzyme-encoding genes which responded to the plant biomass resources were identified in P. oxalicum, and their transcriptional levels changed to various extents depending on the different carbon sources. Moreover, this study found that three deletion mutants of genes encoding putative transcription factors showed significant alterations in filter paper cellulase production compared with that of a parental P. oxalicum strain with a deletion of Ku70 (ΔPoxKu70 strain) when grown on WR under SSF. Importantly, the ΔPoxAtf1 mutant (with a deletion of P. oxalicum Atf1, also called POX03016) displayed 46.1 to 183.2% more cellulase and xylanase production than a ΔPoxKu70 mutant after 2 days of growth on WR. RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed that PoxAtf1 dynamically regulated the expression of major cellulase and xylanase genes under SSF. PoxAtf1 bound to the promoter regions of the key cellulase and xylanase genes in vitro This study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanism of fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression under SSF.IMPORTANCE The transition to a more environmentally friendly economy encourages studies involving the high-value-added utilization of lignocellulosic biomass. Solid-state fermentation (SSF), that simulates the natural habitat of soil microorganisms, is used for a variety of applications such as biomass biorefinery. Prior to the current study, our understanding of genome-wide gene expression and of the regulation of gene expression of lignocellulose-degrading enzymes in ascomycete fungi during SSF was limited. Here, we employed RNA sequencing and genetic analyses to investigate transcriptomes of Penicillium oxalicum strain EU2101 cultured on medium containing different carbon sources and to identify and characterize transcription factors for regulating the expression of cellulase and xylanase genes during SSF. The results generated will provide novel insights into genetic engineering of filamentous fungi to further increase enzyme production.
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Snyman C, Theron LW, Divol B. Understanding the regulation of extracellular protease gene expression in fungi: a key step towards their biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5517-5532. [PMID: 31129742 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The secretion of proteases by certain species of yeast and filamentous fungi is of importance not only for their biological function and survival, but also for their biotechnological application to various processes in the food, beverage, and bioprocessing industries. A key step towards understanding the role that these organisms play in their environment, and how their protease-secreting ability may be optimally utilised through industrial applications, involves an evaluation of those factors which influence protease production. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the findings from investigations directed at elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying extracellular protease secretion in yeast and filamentous fungi, and the environmental stimuli that elicit these responses. The influence of nitrogen-, carbon-, and sulphur-containing compounds, as well as proteins, temperature, and pH, on extracellular protease regulation, which is frequently exerted at the transcriptional level, is discussed in particular depth. Protease-secreting organisms of biotechnological interest are also presented in this context, in an effort to explore the areas of industrial significance that could possibly benefit from such knowledge. In this way, the establishment of a platform of existing knowledge regarding fungal protease regulation is attempted, with the particular goal of aiding in the practical application of these organisms to processes that require secretion of this enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Snyman
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - L W Theron
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - B Divol
- Department of Viticulture and Oenology, Institute for Wine Biotechnology, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Zhao S, Liu Q, Wang JX, Liao XZ, Guo H, Li CX, Zhang FF, Liao LS, Luo XM, Feng JX. Differential transcriptomic profiling of filamentous fungus during solid-state and submerged fermentation and identification of an essential regulatory gene PoxMBF1 that directly regulated cellulase and xylanase gene expression. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:103. [PMID: 31164922 PMCID: PMC6489320 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solid-state fermentation (SSF) mimics the natural decay environment of soil fungi and can be employed to investigate the production of plant biomass-degrading enzymes. However, knowledge on the transcriptional regulation of fungal genes during SSF remains limited. Herein, transcriptional profiling was performed on the filamentous fungus Penicillium oxalicum strain HP7-1 cultivated in medium containing wheat bran plus rice straw (WR) under SSF (WR_SSF) and submerged fermentation (WR_SmF; control) conditions. Novel key transcription factors (TFs) regulating fungal cellulase and xylanase gene expression during SSF were identified via comparative transcriptomic and genetic analyses. RESULTS Expression of major cellulase genes was higher under WR_SSF condition than that under WR_SmF, but the expression of genes involved in the citric acid cycle was repressed under WR_SSF condition. Fifty-six candidate regulatory genes for cellulase production were screened out from transcriptomic profiling of P. oxalicum HP7-1 for knockout experiments in the parental strain ∆PoxKu70, resulting in 43 deletion mutants including 18 constructed in the previous studies. Enzyme activity assays revealed 14 novel regulatory genes involved in cellulase production in P. oxalicum during SSF. Remarkably, deletion of the essential regulatory gene PoxMBF1, encoding Multiprotein Bridging Factor 1, resulted in doubled cellulase and xylanase production at 2 days after induction during both SSF and SmF. PoxMBF1 dynamically and differentially regulated transcription of a subset of cellulase and xylanase genes during SSF and SmF, and conferred stress resistance. Importantly, PoxMBF1 bound specifically to the putative promoters of major cellulase and xylanase genes in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We revealed differential transcriptional regulation of P. oxalicum during SSF and SmF, and identified PoxMBF1, a novel TF that directly regulates cellulase and xylanase gene expression during SSF and SmF. These findings expand our understanding of regulatory mechanisms of cellulase and xylanase gene expression during fungal fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiu-Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu-Zhong Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng-Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu-Sheng Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Mei Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xun Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi People’s Republic of China
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Zhong Y, Lu X, Xing L, Ho SWA, Kwan HS. Genomic and transcriptomic comparison of Aspergillus oryzae strains: a case study in soy sauce koji fermentation. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 45:839-853. [PMID: 29978373 PMCID: PMC6105210 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-2059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae is used in soy sauce koji making due to its high productivity of hydrolytic enzymes. In this study, we compared the genomes and transcriptomes of an industrial strain RD2 and a strain with decreased fermentation performance TS2, aiming to explain their phenotypic differences at the molecular level. Under the regulation of conidiation and fermentation conditions, the enhanced hydrolytic enzyme production and flavor precursor formation in RD2 described a complete expression profile necessary to maintain desirable fermentation performance. By contrast, central carbon metabolism was up-regulated in TS2 for fast growth, suggesting a conflicting relationship between mycelium growth and fermentation performance. Accumulation of mutations also lowered the fermentation performance of TS2. Our study has deepened the understanding of the metabolism and related regulatory mechanisms in desirable koji fermentation. A list of potential molecular markers identified here could facilitate targeted strain maintenance and improvement for better koji fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi Lu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Food Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shiu Woon Allen Ho
- Lee Kum Kee International Holdings Limited, Taipo, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Shan Kwan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Food Research Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Liu J, Li J, Shin HD, Du G, Chen J, Liu L. Metabolic engineering of Aspergillus oryzae for efficient production of l -malate directly from corn starch. J Biotechnol 2017; 262:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tanaka M, Yoshimura M, Ogawa M, Koyama Y, Shintani T, Gomi K. The C2H2-type transcription factor, FlbC, is involved in the transcriptional regulation of Aspergillus oryzae glucoamylase and protease genes specifically expressed in solid-state culture. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:5859-68. [PMID: 26960315 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae produces a large amount of secreted proteins in solid-state culture, and some proteins such as glucoamylase (GlaB) and acid protease (PepA) are specifically produced in solid-state culture, but rarely in submerged culture. From the disruption mutant library of A. oryzae transcriptional regulators, we successfully identified a disruption mutant showing an extremely low production level of GlaB but a normal level of α-amylase production. This strain was a disruption mutant of the C2H2-type transcription factor, FlbC, which is reported to be involved in the regulation of conidiospore development. Disruption mutants of other upstream regulators comprising a conidiation regulatory network had no apparent effect on GlaB production in solid-state culture. In addition to GlaB, the production of acid protease in solid-state culture was also markedly decreased by flbC disruption. Northern blot analyses revealed that transcripts of glaB and pepA were significantly decreased in the flbC disruption strain. These results suggested that FlbC is involved in the transcriptional regulation of genes specifically expressed under solid-state cultivation conditions, possibly independent of the conidiation regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Tanaka
- Laboratory of Bioindustrial Genomics, Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
| | - Midori Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Bioindustrial Genomics, Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 399 Noda, Noda, Chiba, 278-0037, Japan
| | - Yasuji Koyama
- Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 399 Noda, Noda, Chiba, 278-0037, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shintani
- Laboratory of Bioindustrial Genomics, Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan
| | - Katsuya Gomi
- Laboratory of Bioindustrial Genomics, Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 1-1 Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8555, Japan.
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The interaction of induction and repression mechanisms in the regulation of galacturonic acid-induced genes in Aspergillus niger. Fungal Genet Biol 2015; 82:32-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Hansen GH, Lübeck M, Frisvad JC, Lübeck PS, Andersen B. Production of cellulolytic enzymes from ascomycetes: Comparison of solid state and submerged fermentation. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ito K, Gomi K, Kariyama M, Miyake T. Change in enzyme production by gradually drying culture substrate during solid-state fermentation. J Biosci Bioeng 2015; 119:674-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Zune Q, Delepierre A, Gofflot S, Bauwens J, Twizere JC, Punt PJ, Francis F, Toye D, Bawin T, Delvigne F. A fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a Gla::GFP fusion protein produced by Aspergillus oryzae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6241-54. [PMID: 25935344 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fungal biofilm is known to promote the excretion of secondary metabolites in accordance with solid-state-related physiological mechanisms. This work is based on the comparative analysis of classical submerged fermentation with a fungal biofilm reactor for the production of a Gla::green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein by Aspergillus oryzae. The biofilm reactor comprises a metal structured packing allowing the attachment of the fungal biomass. Since the production of the target protein is under the control of the promoter glaB, specifically induced in solid-state fermentation, the biofilm mode of culture is expected to enhance the global productivity. Although production of the target protein was enhanced by using the biofilm mode of culture, we also found that fusion protein production is also significant when the submerged mode of culture is used. This result is related to high shear stress leading to biomass autolysis and leakage of intracellular fusion protein into the extracellular medium. Moreover, 2-D gel electrophoresis highlights the preservation of fusion protein integrity produced in biofilm conditions. Two fungal biofilm reactor designs were then investigated further, i.e. with full immersion of the packing or with medium recirculation on the packing, and the scale-up potentialities were evaluated. In this context, it has been shown that full immersion of the metal packing in the liquid medium during cultivation allows for a uniform colonization of the packing by the fungal biomass and leads to a better quality of the fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zune
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Gembloux ABT (ULg), 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium,
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MIKAI S, I N, KONOMI J, SATO Y, ERA M, NINOMIYA J, MORITA H. Simultaneous Increase of Glucoamylase and α-Amylase Production in Submerged Co-culture of Aspergillus and Rhizopus Strains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.11301/jsfe.16.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saki MIKAI
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Nanako I
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Jun KONOMI
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Yukae SATO
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Mariko ERA
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Junko NINOMIYA
- Graduate school of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
| | - Hiroshi MORITA
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Kitakyushu University
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Kitamoto N, Ono N, Yoshino-Yasuda S. Construction of Quintuple Protease and Double Amylase Gene Deletant for Heterologous Protein Production in Aspergillus oryzae KBN616. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.21.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Kitamoto
- Food Research Center, Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology
- Industrial Research Center, Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology
| | - Natsuko Ono
- Food Research Center, Aichi Center for Industry and Science Technology
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Budak SO, Zhou M, Brouwer C, Wiebenga A, Benoit I, Di Falco M, Tsang A, de Vries RP. A genomic survey of proteases in Aspergilli. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:523. [PMID: 24965873 PMCID: PMC4102723 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteases can hydrolyze peptides in aqueous environments. This property has made proteases the most important industrial enzymes by taking up about 60% of the total enzyme market. Microorganisms are the main sources for industrial protease production due to their high yield and a wide range of biochemical properties. Several Aspergilli have the ability to produce a variety of proteases, but no comprehensive comparative study has been carried out on protease productivity in this genus so far. RESULTS We have performed a combined analysis of comparative genomics, proteomics and enzymology tests on seven Aspergillus species grown on wheat bran and sugar beet pulp. Putative proteases were identified by homology search and Pfam domains. These genes were then clusters based on orthology and extracellular proteases were identified by protein subcellular localization prediction. Proteomics was used to identify the secreted enzymes in the cultures, while protease essays with and without inhibitors were performed to determine the overall protease activity per protease class. All this data was then integrated to compare the protease productivities in Aspergilli. CONCLUSIONS Genomes of Aspergillus species contain a similar proportion of protease encoding genes. According to comparative genomics, proteomics and enzymatic experiments serine proteases make up the largest group in the protease spectrum across the species. In general wheat bran gives higher induction of proteases than sugar beet pulp. Interesting differences of protease activity, extracellular enzyme spectrum composition, protein occurrence and abundance were identified for species. By combining in silico and wet-lab experiments, we present the intriguing variety of protease productivity in Aspergilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebnem Ozturkoglu Budak
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
- />Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Dairy Technology, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
- />Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
- />Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Brouwer
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
| | - Ad Wiebenga
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
- />Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Benoit
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
- />Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcos Di Falco
- />Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Adrian Tsang
- />Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Ronald P de Vries
- />CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Center, Uppsalalaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CT The Netherlands
- />Fungal Molecular Physiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Osmolovskiy AA, Baranova NA, Kreier VG, Kurakov AV, Egorov NS. Solid-state and membrane-surface liquid cultures of micromycetes: Specific features of their development and enzyme production (a Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683814030107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Schachtschabel D, Arentshorst M, Nitsche BM, Morris S, Nielsen KF, van den Hondel CAMJJ, Klis FM, Ram AFJ. The transcriptional repressor TupA in Aspergillus niger is involved in controlling gene expression related to cell wall biosynthesis, development, and nitrogen source availability. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78102. [PMID: 24205111 PMCID: PMC3812127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tup1-Cyc8 (Ssn6) complex is a well characterized and conserved general transcriptional repressor complex in eukaryotic cells. Here, we report the identification of the Tup1 (TupA) homolog in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger in a genetic screen for mutants with a constitutive expression of the agsA gene. The agsA gene encodes a putative alpha-glucan synthase, which is induced in response to cell wall stress in A. niger. Apart from the constitutive expression of agsA, the selected mutant was also found to produce an unknown pigment at high temperatures. Complementation analysis with a genomic library showed that the tupA gene could complement the phenotypes of the mutant. Screening of a collection of 240 mutants with constitutive expression of agsA identified sixteen additional pigment-secreting mutants, which were all mutated in the tupA gene. The phenotypes of the tupA mutants were very similar to the phenotypes of a tupA deletion strain. Further analysis of the tupA-17 mutant and the ΔtupA mutant revealed that TupA is also required for normal growth and morphogenesis. The production of the pigment at 37°C is nitrogen source-dependent and repressed by ammonium. Genome-wide expression analysis of the tupA mutant during exponential growth revealed derepression of a large group of diverse genes, including genes related to development and cell wall biosynthesis, and also protease-encoding genes that are normally repressed by ammonium. Comparison of the transcriptome of up-regulated genes in the tupA mutant showed limited overlap with the transcriptome of caspofungin-induced cell wall stress-related genes, suggesting that TupA is not a general suppressor of cell wall stress-induced genes. We propose that TupA is an important repressor of genes related to development and nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doreen Schachtschabel
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Arentshorst
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin M. Nitsche
- Applied and Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Berlin University of Technology, Berlin, German
| | - Sam Morris
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kristian F. Nielsen
- Department for Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Frans M. Klis
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Amsterdam of University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur F. J. Ram
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentation, Delft, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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21
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Ito K, Kawase T, Sammoto H, Gomi K, Kariyama M, Miyake T. Uniform culture in solid-state fermentation with fungi and its efficient enzyme production. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 111:300-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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te Biesebeke R, Levasseur A, Boussier A, Record E, van den Hondel CAMJJ, Punt PJ. Phylogeny of fungal hemoglobins and expression analysis of the Aspergillus oryzae flavohemoglobin gene fhbA during hyphal growth. Fungal Biol 2011; 114:135-43. [PMID: 20960969 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2009.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The fhbA genes encoding putative flavohemoglobins (FHb) from Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae were isolated. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of the A. niger fhbA gene and other putative filamentous fungal FHb-encoding genes to that of Ralstonia eutropha shows an overall conserved gene structure and completely conserved catalytic amino acids. Several yeasts and filamentous fungi, including both Aspergillus species have been found to contain a small FHb gene family mostly consisting of two family members. Based on these sequences the evolutionary history of the fungal FHb family was reconstructed. The isolated fhbA genes from A. oryzae and A. niger belong to a phylogenetic group, which exclusively contains Aspergillus genes. Different experimental approaches show that fhbA transcript levels appear during active hyphal growth. Moreover, in a pclA-disrupted strain with a hyperbranching growth phenotype, the transcript levels of the fhbA gene were 2–5 times higher compared to the wild-type. These results suggest that FHb from filamentous fungi have a function that is correlated to the hyphal growth phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob te Biesebeke
- Top Institute Food & Nutrition, P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Kumura H, Ishido T, Shimazaki K. Production and partial purification of proteases from Aspergillus oryzae grown in a medium based on whey protein as an exclusive nitrogen source. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:657-67. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Yoshizaki Y, Susuki T, Takamine K, Tamaki H, Ito K, Sameshima Y. Characterization of glucoamylase and α-amylase from Monascus anka: Enhanced production of α-amylase in red koji. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 110:670-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Revised: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Imanaka H, Tanaka S, Feng B, Imamura K, Nakanishi K. Cultivation characteristics and gene expression profiles of Aspergillus oryzae by membrane-surface liquid culture, shaking-flask culture, and agar-plate culture. J Biosci Bioeng 2010; 109:267-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2009.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Analysis of wide-domain transcriptional regulation in solid-state cultures of Aspergillus oryzae. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 37:455-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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27
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Kumar P, Satyanarayana T. Microbial glucoamylases: characteristics and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2009; 29:225-55. [DOI: 10.1080/07388550903136076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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28
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Production of individual ganoderic acids and expression of biosynthetic genes in liquid static and shaking cultures of Ganoderma lucidum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 85:941-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-2106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Ano T, Jin GY, Mizumoto S, Rahman MS, Okuno K, Shoda M. Solid state fermentation of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A by using a novel solid state fermentation reactor system. J Environ Sci (China) 2009; 21 Suppl 1:S162-S165. [PMID: 25084420 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new solid state fermentation reactor (SSFR) for solid substrate was used for the production of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A using Bacillus subtilis RB14-CS. Solid state fermentation (SSF) is the technique of cultivation of microorganisms on solid and moist substrates in the absence of free water. SSF has shown much promise in the development of several bioprocesses and products because of their several advantages like absence of free water that allows simplified downstream processing and low cost. SSFR allows agitation of the SSF culture with improved temperature control and air supply. Interestingly, when okara, the widely available waste product from the tofu industries, was used as the solid substrate for the SSFR, no iturin A production was observed. However, without agitation, production of iturin A was observed in the SSFR but the production level remained low. The low production of iturin A was found to be due to the heat generation and excess temperature rise inside the reactor system during the fermentation process. Maintaining the temperature within a range of 25-30°C, production of iturin A was significantly improved in the SSFR. This was comparable to the laboratory scale production, and signifies the potential application of the SSFR for SSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ano
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yoko-hama 226-8503, Japan.
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30
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Punt PJ, Schuren FH, Lehmbeck J, Christensen T, Hjort C, van den Hondel CA. Characterization of the Aspergillus niger prtT, a unique regulator of extracellular protease encoding genes. Fungal Genet Biol 2008; 45:1591-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2008.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2008] [Revised: 09/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Monitoring global gene expression of proteases and improvement of human lysozyme production in the nptB gene disruptant of Aspergillus oryzae. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2008; 72:499-505. [PMID: 18256487 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.70582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae has numerous protease genes that might cause proteolytic degradation of heterologously-produced proteins. The productivity of the heterologous protein can be improved by protease gene disruption, but it is difficult to select disruption targets efficiently. In this study, we monitored the expression of 132 protease genes by DNA microarray. A group of protease genes up-regulated during cultivation was identified by clustering analysis. In this protease group, the nptB gene encoding neutral protease II was included as well as the alpA, tppA, and pepA genes, disruption of which has improved human lysozyme (HLY) production. The nptB gene was disrupted to investigate its involvement in HLY production, and nptB disruptants showed an improvement in the production. These observations suggest that monitoring the expression of protease genes is an efficient strategy in screening potential disruption targets for heterologous protein production in A. oryzae.
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32
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Feng B, Zhao CH, Tanaka S, Imanaka H, Imamura K, Nakanishi K. TPR domain of Ser/Thr phosphatase of Aspergillus oryzae shows no auto-inhibitory effect on the dephosphorylation activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2007; 41:281-5. [PMID: 17475320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2007] [Accepted: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Ser/Thr phosphatase gene cloned from Aspergillus oryzae, aoppt, revealed that the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) and catalytic domains of the full-length AoPPT are located at the N- and C-terminal regions, respectively, similar to those of human Ser/Thr phosphatase 5 (PP5) and yeast Ppt1. Four different regions of AoPPT, namely, a full-length polypeptide, the catalytic domain, the catalytic domain plus C-terminal 15 amino-acid residues and the TPR domain were expressed in Escherichia coli and their roles in dephosphorylation activity were examined, using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as the substrate. The full-length AoPPT showed the highest dephosphorylation activity while the catalytic domain had the lowest activity. The activity of the catalytic domain was not inhibited by the presence of the TPR domain and arachidonic acid did not increase the activity of the full-length enzyme. These findings suggest that the integrity of the entire enzyme would be necessary for its full activity to be expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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33
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Jin FJ, Watanabe T, Juvvadi PR, Maruyama JI, Arioka M, Kitamoto K. Double disruption of the proteinase genes, tppA and pepE, increases the production level of human lysozyme by Aspergillus oryzae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:1059-68. [PMID: 17622525 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 06/09/2007] [Accepted: 06/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of proteinase gene disruption on heterologous protein production by Aspergillus oryzae. The human lysozyme (HLY) was selected for recombinant production as a model for the heterologous protein. A tandem HLY construct fused with alpha-amylase (AmyB) was expressed by A. oryzae in which the Kex2 cleavage site was inserted at the upstream of HLY. HLY was successfully processed from AmyB and produced in the medium. We performed a systematic disruption analysis of five proteinase genes (pepA, pepE, alpA, tppA, and palB) in the HLY-producing strain with the adeA selectable marker. Comparative analysis indicated that disruption of the tppA gene encoding a tripeptidyl peptidase resulted in the highest increase (36%) in the HLY production. We further deleted the tppA gene in the pepE or palB disruptant with another selectable marker, argB. Consequently, a double disruption of the tppA and pepE genes led to a 63% increase in the HLY production compared to the control strain. This is the first study to report that the double disruption of the tppA and pepE genes improved the production level of a heterologous protein by filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jie Jin
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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34
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Kobayashi A, Sano M, Oda K, Hisada H, Hata Y, Ohashi S. The glucoamylase-encoding gene (glaB) is expressed in solid-state culture with a low water content. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007; 71:1797-9. [PMID: 17617703 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.70132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state culture encourages high-level enzyme secretion by Aspergillus oryzae. Using the real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed that expression of the glucoamylase-encoding gene in A. oryzae cultured in solid-state culture depends on the water content of the culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Kobayashi
- Genome Biotechnology Laboratory, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Hakusan, Ishikawa, Japan
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35
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Shakeri M, Sugano Y, Shoda M. Production of dye-decolorizing peroxidase (rDyP) from complex substrates by repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures of recombinant Aspergillus oryzae. J Biosci Bioeng 2007; 103:129-34. [PMID: 17368394 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.103.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 11/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We examined production levels of dye-decolorizing peroxidase (rDyP) by recombinant Aspergillus oryzae using wheat bran and rice bran powders in repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures. Similar average rDyP productivities were observed in repeated-batch cultures using wheat bran powder and rice bran powder. Average rDyP productivities in fed-batch cultures were slightly lower than those in repeated-batch cultures. The rDyP production was affected by the addition of K(2)HPO(4) in the repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures using wheat bran powder. All average rDyP productivities in this study were significantly higher than those for any other peroxidases previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffar Shakeri
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
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36
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Feng B, Morita M, Imanaka H, Imamura K, Nakanishi K. Identification of genes from Aspergillus oryzae that are preferentially expressed in membrane-surface liquid culture. J Biosci Bioeng 2006; 102:470-3. [PMID: 17189178 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.102.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Accepted: 08/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We identified 22 genes from Aspergillus oryzae that are preferentially expressed in membrane-surface liquid culture (MSLC), among which Ser/Thr protein kinase (aopk1) and phosphatase (aoppt) genes were cloned. We also revealed that aopk1 encodes a protein with an N-terminal sequence 150 amino acid residues longer than that predicted from the registered sequence in GenBank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Feng
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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37
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Seidl V, Druzhinina IS, Kubicek CP. A screening system for carbon sources enhancing beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase formation in Hypocrea atroviridis (Trichoderma atroviride). MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2006; 152:2003-2012. [PMID: 16804175 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.28897-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To identify carbon sources that trigger beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) formation in Hypocrea atroviridis (anamorph Trichoderma atroviride), a screening system was designed that consists of a combination of Biolog Phenotype MicroArray plates, which contain 95 different carbon sources, and specific enzyme activity measurements using a chromogenic substrate. The results revealed growth-dependent kinetics of NAGase formation and it was shown that NAGase activities were enhanced on carbon sources sharing certain structural properties, especially on alpha-glucans (e.g. glycogen, dextrin and maltotriose) and oligosaccharides containing galactose. Enzyme activities were assessed in the wild-type and a H. atroviridis Deltanag1 strain to investigate the influence of the two NAGases, Nag1 and Nag2, on total NAGase activity. Reduction of NAGase levels in the Deltanag1 strain in comparison to the wild-type was strongly carbon-source and growth-phase dependent, indicating the distinct physiological roles of the two proteins. The transcript abundance of nag1 and nag2 was increased on carbon sources with elevated NAGase activity, indicating transcriptional regulation of these genes. The screening method for the identification of carbon sources that induce enzymes or a gene of interest, as presented in this paper, can be adapted for other purposes if appropriate enzyme or reporter assays are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Seidl
- Research Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/166-5, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina S Druzhinina
- Research Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/166-5, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian P Kubicek
- Research Area Gene Technology and Applied Biochemistry, Institute of Chemical Engineering, TU Vienna, Getreidemarkt 9/166-5, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
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38
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te Biesebeke R, Boussier A, van Biezen N, Braaksma M, van den Hondel CAMJJ, de Vos WM, Punt PJ. Expression ofAspergillus hemoglobin domain activities inAspergillus oryzae grown on solid substrates improves growth rate and enzyme production. Biotechnol J 2006; 1:822-7. [PMID: 16927259 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
DNA fragments coding for hemoglobin domains (HBD) were isolated from Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus niger. The HBD activities were expressed in A. oryzae by introduction of HBD gene fragments under the control of the promoter of the constitutively expressed gpdA gene. In the transformants, oxygen uptake was significantly higher, and during growth on solid substrates the developed biomass was at least 1.3 times higher than that of the untransformed wild-type strain. Growth rate of the HBD-activity-producing strains was also significantly higher compared to the wild type. During growth on solid cereal substrates, the amylase and protease activities in the extracts of the HBD-activity-producing strains were 30-150% higher and glucoamylase activities were at least 9 times higher compared to the wild-type strain. These results suggest that the Aspergillus HBD-encoding gene can be used in a self-cloning strategy to improve biomass yield and protein production of Aspergillus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob te Biesebeke
- Wageningen Center for Food Sciences (WCFS), Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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39
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Te Biesebeke R, Boussier A, van Biezen N, van den Hondel CAMJJ, Punt PJ. Identification of secreted proteins of Aspergillus oryzae associated with growth on solid cereal substrates. J Biotechnol 2006; 121:482-5. [PMID: 16226332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2005] [Revised: 08/08/2005] [Accepted: 08/19/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous growth of Aspergillus oryzae on solid cereal substrates involves secretion of substrate converting enzymes and a solid substrate specific polarised hyphal growth phenotype. To identify proteins produced under these specific conditions, the extracts of A. oryzae grown on wheat-based media were analysed using N-terminal sequence analysis. In a submerged wheat-based growth medium of A. oryzae, besides alpha-amylase, also an arabinosidase and xylanase were abundantly produced. In the extracts of A. oryzae grown on wheat-based solid substrate besides alpha-amylase and chitinase, two new proteins of 16 and 27 kDa were identified. These hypothetical proteins showed only close homologies to filamentous fungal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Te Biesebeke
- Wageningen Centre for Food Sciences (WCFS), P.O. Box 557, 6700 AN, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Nevalainen KMH, Te'o VSJ, Bergquist PL. Heterologous protein expression in filamentous fungi. Trends Biotechnol 2005; 23:468-74. [PMID: 15967521 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2005.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 05/06/2005] [Accepted: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are commonly used in the fermentation industry for the large-scale production of proteins--mainly industrial enzymes. Recent advances in fungal genomics and related experimental technologies such as gene arrays and proteomics are rapidly changing the approaches to the development and use of filamentous fungi as hosts for the production of both homologous and heterologous gene products. The emphasis is moving towards sourcing new genes of interest through database mining and unravelling the circuits related to fungal gene regulation, applying, for example, transcriptomics. However, although heterologous fungal proteins are efficiently expressed, expression of gene products from other organisms is subject to several bottlenecks that reduce yield. Current approaches emphasize the study of pathways involved in protein modification and degradation in general rather than gene-by-gene approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Helena Nevalainen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney NSW 2109, Australia.
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41
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te Biesebeke R, Levin A, Sagt C, Bartels J, Goosen T, Ram A, van den Hondel C, Punt P. Identification of growth phenotype-related genes in Aspergillus oryzae by heterologous macroarray and suppression subtractive hybridization. Mol Genet Genomics 2005; 273:33-42. [PMID: 15678358 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-004-1082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus oryzae requires polarized growth for colonization of solid substrates, and this growth phenotype differs from that seen in liquid medium. Various experimental approaches were used to identify genes that are differentially expressed when A. oryzae is grown on wheat kernels and in a wheat-based liquid medium. Hybridization of A. oryzae RNAs to a macroarray bearing cDNAs isolated from a library representing at least 16% of the total number of A. niger genes identified 14 differentially expressed cDNA clones, showing that heterologous macroarray analysis with an A. niger cDNA library can be used to identify regulated gene transcripts in the related species A. oryzae. Moreover, Northern analysis with a selection of eight probes for A. niger genes encoding proteins involved in morphological development and cell wall biosynthesis identified five more differentially expressed genes. A suppression subtractive hybridization procedure revealed another 12 differentially expressed genes. The results presented show that, of the 29 identified genes which are expressed at higher levels during growth on wheat kernels, six encode proteins that are functionally related to polarized growth, four encode products known to be involved in morphogenesis, three code for proteins related to cell wall composition, and nine of the cDNA clones encode novel proteins. These findings pinpoint genes associated with the changes in cellular morphogenesis seen in A. oryzae grown on wheat kernels as opposed to wheat-based liquid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- R te Biesebeke
- TNO Quality of Life, Utrechtseweg 48, 3700 AJ, Zeist, The Netherlands
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