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Shusharina N, Nguyen C. Consistency of muscle fibers directionality in human thigh derived from diffusion-weighted MRI. Phys Med Biol 2023; 68:175045. [PMID: 37586375 PMCID: PMC10472329 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/acf10c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MRI) is known to quantify muscle fiber directionality and thus may be useful for radiotherapy target definition in sarcomas. Here, we investigate the variability of tissue anisotropy derived from diffusion tensor (DT) in the human thigh to establish the baseline parameters and protocols for DW-MRI acquisition for future studies in sarcoma patients.Approach.We recruited ten healthy volunteers to acquire diffusion-weighted MR images of the left and right thigh. DW-MRI data were used to reconstruct DT eigenvectors within each individual thigh muscle. Deviations of the principal eigenvector from its mean were calculated for different experimental conditions.Main results.Within the majority of muscles in most subjects, the mode of the histogram of the angular deviation of the principal eigenvector of the water DT from its muscle-averaged value did not exceed 20°. On average for all subjects, the mode ranged from 15° to 24°. Deviations much larger than 20° were observed in muscles far from the RF coil, including cases with significant amounts of subcutaneous fat and muscle deformation under its own weight.Significance.Our study is a robust characterization of angular deviations of muscle fiber directionality in the thigh as determined by DW-MRI. We show that an appropriate choice of experimental conditions reduces the variability of the observed directionality. Precise determination of tissue directionality will enable reproducible models of microscopic tumor spread, with future application in defining the clinical target volume for soft tissue sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Shusharina
- Division of Radiation Biophysics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Christopher Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
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Shusharina N, Liu X, Coll-Font J, Foster A, El Fakhri G, Woo J, Bortfeld T, Nguyen C. Feasibility study of clinical target volume definition for soft-tissue sarcoma using muscle fiber orientations derived from diffusion tensor imaging. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [PMID: 35817048 PMCID: PMC9344976 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac8045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Soft-tissue sarcoma spreads preferentially along muscle fibers. We explore the utility of deriving muscle fiber orientations from diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) for defining the boundary of the clinical target volume (CTV) in muscle tissue. Approach. We recruited eight healthy volunteers to acquire MR images of the left and right thigh. The imaging session consisted of (a) two MRI spin-echo-based scans, T1- and T2-weighted; (b) a diffusion weighted (DW) spin-echo-based scan using an echo planar acquisition with fat suppression. The thigh muscles were auto-segmented using the convolutional neural network. DT-MRI data were used as a geometry encoding input to solve the anisotropic Eikonal equation with the Hamiltonian Fast-Marching method. The isosurfaces of the solution modeled the CTV boundary. Main results. The auto-segmented muscles of the thigh agreed with manually delineated with the Dice score ranging from 0.8 to 0.94 for different muscles. To validate our method of deriving muscle fiber orientations, we compared anisotropy of the isosurfaces across muscles with different anatomical orientations within a thigh, between muscles in the left and right thighs of each subject, and between different subjects. The fiber orientations were identified reproducibly across all comparisons. We identified two controlling parameters, the distance from the gross tumor volume to the isosurface and the eigenvalues ratio, to tailor the proposed CTV to the satisfaction of the clinician. Significance. Our feasibility study with healthy volunteers shows the promise of using muscle fiber orientations derived from DW MRI data for automated generation of anisotropic CTV boundary in soft tissue sarcoma. Our contribution is significant as it serves as a proof of principle for combining DT-MRI information with tumor spread modeling, in contrast to using moderately informative 2D CT planes for the CTV delineation. Such improvements will positively impact the cancer centers with a small volume of sarcoma patients.
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Effect of Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis on Muscle Edema, Limb, and Subfascial Volume in Lower Limb Lymphedema: MRI Studies. J Am Coll Surg 2022; 235:227-239. [PMID: 35839398 PMCID: PMC9278703 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although satisfactory volume reduction in secondary unilateral lower limb lymphedema after lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) in the affected limb has been well reported, alleviation of muscle edema and the impact of LVA on the contralateral limb have not been investigated. STUDY DESIGN This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who underwent supermicrosurgical LVA between November 2015 and January 2017. Pre- and post-LVA muscle edema were assessed using fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The primary endpoint was changes in limb/subfascial volume assessed with magnetic resonance volumetry at least 6 months after LVA. RESULTS Twenty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Significant percentage reductions in post-LVA muscle edema were found in the affected thigh (83.6% [interquartile range = range of Q1 to Q3; 29.8-137.1] [FA], 53.3% [27.0-78.4] [ADC]) as well as limb (21.7% [4.4-26.5]) and subfascial (18.7% [10.7-39.1]) volumes. Similar findings were noted in the affected lower leg: 71.8% [44.0-100.1] (FA), 59.1% [45.8-91.2] (ADC), 21.2% [6.8-38.2], and 28.2% [8.5-44.8], respectively (all p < 0.001). Significant alleviation of muscle edema was also evident in the contralateral limbs (thigh: 25.1% [20.4-57.5] [FA]; 10.7% [6.6-17.7] [ADC]; lower leg: 47.1% [35.0-62.8] [FA]; 14.6% [6.5-22.1] [ADC]; both p < 0.001), despite no statistically significant difference in limb and subfascial volumes. CONCLUSIONS Our study found significant reductions in muscle edema and limb/subfascial volumes in the affected limb after LVA. Our findings regarding edema in the contralateral limb were consistent with possible lymphedema-associated systemic influence on the unaffected limb, which could be surgically relieved.
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Repeatability of quantitative MRI in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28:831-837. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Xuan R, Yang M, Gao Y, Ren S, Li J, Yang Z, Song Y, Huang XH, Teo EC, Zhu J, Gu Y. A Simulation Analysis of Maternal Pelvic Floor Muscle. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010821. [PMID: 34682566 PMCID: PMC8535735 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic floor disorder (PFD) is a common disease affecting the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly women. Pelvic floor muscle (PFM) damage is related to delivery mode, fetal size, and parity. Spontaneous vaginal delivery causes especially great damage to PFM. The purpose of this study was to summarize the characteristics of PFM action during the second stage of labor by collecting female pelvic MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) data and, further, to try to investigate the potential pathogenetic mechanism of PFD. A three-dimensional model was established to study the influence factors and characteristics of PFM strength. In the second stage of labor, the mechanical responses, possible damage, and the key parts of postpartum lesions of PFM due to the different fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) sizes were analyzed by finite element simulations. The research results showed that the peak stress and strain of PFM appeared at one-half of the delivery period and at the attachment point of the pubococcygeus to the skeleton. In addition, during the simulation process, the pubococcygeus was stretched by about 1.2 times and the levator ani muscle was stretched by more than two-fold. There was also greater stress and strain in the middle area of the levator ani muscle and pubococcygeus. According to the statistics, either being too young or in old maternal age will increase the probability of postpartum PFM injury. During delivery, the entire PFM underwent the huge deformation, in which the levator ani muscle and the pubococcygeus were seriously stretched and the attachment point between the pubococcygeus and the skeleton were the places with the highest probability of postpartum lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Xuan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315020, China;
| | - Mingshuwen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315010, China; (M.Y.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Yajie Gao
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (S.R.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Shuaijun Ren
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (S.R.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Jialin Li
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (S.R.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhenglun Yang
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.G.); (S.R.); (J.L.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yang Song
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Obuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Xu-Hao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315010, China; (M.Y.); (X.-H.H.)
| | - Ee-Chon Teo
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore;
| | - Jue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering (Ningbo University), Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315010, China; (M.Y.); (X.-H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +86-574-8760-0421 (J.Z.); +86-574-8760-0456 (Y.G.)
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (Y.G.); Tel.: +86-574-8760-0421 (J.Z.); +86-574-8760-0456 (Y.G.)
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Evaluation of Urinary Sphincter Function by Rapid Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Int Neurourol J 2021; 24:349-357. [PMID: 33401356 PMCID: PMC7788323 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2040208.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the feasibility of a rapid diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for evaluation of the female urinary sphincter function based on differentiation between rest and muscle contraction. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the lower pelvis was performed at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy female volunteers (21–36 years; body mass index, 20.8±3.6 kg/m2) between June and July 2019. High-resolution T1- and T2-weighted images were acquired for anatomical reference, and following DTI performed in 4 experiment phases: twice during rest (denoted rest-1, rest-2) and contraction (contraction-1, contraction-2). Manual segmentation of the urinary sphincter and the levator ani muscles were performed by 2 independent readers. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values derived from DTI volumes were compared in search for significant differences between the experiment phases. Interreader agreement was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between MD values among all the experiment phases, by both independent readers (1st: X2 [3,76]=17.16, P<0.001 and 2nd: X2 [3,76]=15.88, P<0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed differences in MD values by both readers between: rest-1 vs. contraction-1 (least P<0.05), rest-1 vs. contraction-2 (P<0.01), rest-2 vs. contraction-1 (P<0.03), rest-2 vs. contraction-2 (P=0.02) with overall mean ‘rest’ to ‘contraction’ ΔMD=20.6%. No MD or FA differences were found between rest-1 vs. rest-2 and contraction-1 vs. contraction-2 among all the experiment phases, and interreader agreement was ICC=0.85 (MD) and ICC=0.79 (FA). Conclusions Rapid DTI might prospectively act as a supporting tool for the evaluation of female pelvic floor muscle function, and incontinence assessment.
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Diffusion tensor imaging of the human thigh: consideration of DTI-based fiber tracking stop criteria. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 33:343-355. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-019-00791-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Zhang W, Chen J. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) of the Cesarean-Scarred Uterus in vivo at 3T: Comparison Study of DTI Parameters Between Nonpregnant and Pregnant Cases. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:124-130. [PMID: 31322306 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiber architecture of the human uterus can be depicted in vivo using 3T MR-DTI (diffusion tensor imaging). PURPOSE To investigate the differences in fibrous structure and DTI-related parameters between nonpregnant and pregnant cases in vivo. STUDY TYPE Prospective case-control study. SUBJECTS Thirty-one subjects were divided into two groups; 18 nonpregnant volunteers with previous cesarean deliveries (Group 1) and 13 patients in early pregnancy also with previous cesarean section (Group 2). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T Ssh-EPI (single-shot echo planar imaging) fast sequence with b values of 0 and 600 s/mm2 along 30 directions. ASSESSMENT Fiber density, fiber length, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and the fractional anisotropy (FA) value measured in the mid-sagittal plane of the uterus were obtained from the outer myometrium (OM), junctional zone (JZ), and the cesarean section scar (CSS). Fiber architecture in vivo was depicted by 3D diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). STATISTICAL TESTS A t-test of independent sample or Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for comparison. RESULTS Pregnant scarred-uterus (Group 2) showed a decrease in fiber density, FA value, and an increase in fiber length, ADC value than the nonpregnant scarred-uterus (Group 1) on OM, JZ, and CSS. Among the above parameters between the two groups, for OM, significant differences were found in fiber density (P < 0.001), length (P = 0.0306), and ADC (P = 0.0039). For JZ, significant differences were found in fiber density (P = 0.0093), FA (P = 0.0002), and ADC (P < 0.001). The scar's fiber density (P = 0.0794), length (P = 0.6167), FA (P = 0.6305), and ADC value (P = 0.1865) showed no statistically significant difference during early pregnancy. DATA CONCLUSION Our results indicate considerable diffusional changes in uterine fiber architecture during pregnancy. The microenvironment of scar tissue appears to change little during early pregnancy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:124-130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Klupp E, Cervantes B, Schlaeger S, Inhuber S, Kreuzpointer F, Schwirtz A, Rohrmeier A, Dieckmeyer M, Hedderich DM, Diefenbach MN, Freitag F, Rummeny EJ, Zimmer C, Kirschke JS, Karampinos DC, Baum T. Paraspinal Muscle DTI Metrics Predict Muscle Strength. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 50:816-823. [PMID: 30723976 PMCID: PMC6767405 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The paraspinal muscles play an important role in the onset and progression of lower back pain. It would be of clinical interest to identify imaging biomarkers of the paraspinal musculature that are related to muscle function and strength. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enables the microstructural examination of muscle tissue and its pathological changes. Purpose To investigate associations of DTI parameters of the lumbar paraspinal muscles with isometric strength measurements in healthy volunteers. Study Type Prospective. Subjects Twenty‐one healthy subjects (12 male, 9 female; age = 30.1 ± 5.6 years; body mass index [BMI] = 27.5 ± 2.6 kg/m2) were recruited. Field Strength/Sequence 3 T/single‐shot echo planar imaging (ss‐EPI) DTI in 24 directions; six‐echo 3D spoiled gradient echo sequence for chemical shift encoding‐based water–fat separation. Assessment Paraspinal muscles at the lumbar spine were examined. Erector spinae muscles were segmented bilaterally; cross‐sectional area (CSA), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and DTI parameters were calculated. Muscle flexion and extension maximum isometric torque values [Nm] at the back were measured with an isokinetic dynamometer and the ratio of extension to flexion strength (E/F) calculated. Statistical Tests Pearson correlation coefficients; multivariate regression models. Results Significant positive correlations were found between the ratio of extension to flexion (E/F) strength and mean diffusivity (MD) (P = 0.019), RD (P = 0.02) and the eigenvalues (λ1: P = 0.026, λ2: P = 0.033, λ3: P = 0.014). In multivariate regression models λ3 of the erector spinae muscle λ3 and gender remained statistically significant predictors of E/F (R2adj = 0.42, P = 0.003). Data Conclusion DTI allowed the identification of muscle microstructure differences related to back muscle function that were not reflected by CSA and PDFF. DTI may potentially track subtle changes of back muscle tissue composition. Level of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:816–823.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Klupp
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Schlaeger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Inhuber
- Biomechanics in Sports, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kreuzpointer
- Biomechanics in Sports, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schwirtz
- Biomechanics in Sports, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Rohrmeier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Dieckmeyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian N Diefenbach
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Friedemann Freitag
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ernst J Rummeny
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan S Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Baum
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Franchi MV, Raiteri BJ, Longo S, Sinha S, Narici MV, Csapo R. Muscle Architecture Assessment: Strengths, Shortcomings and New Frontiers of in Vivo Imaging Techniques. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2018; 44:2492-2504. [PMID: 30185385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle structural assembly (and its remodeling in response to loading-unloading states) can be investigated macroscopically by assessing muscle architecture, described as fascicle geometric disposition within the muscle. Over recent decades, various medical imaging techniques have been developed to facilitate the in vivo assessment of muscle architecture. However, the main advantages and limitations of these methodologies have been fragmentally discussed. In the present article, the main techniques used for the evaluation of muscle architecture are presented: conventional B-mode ultrasonography, extended-field-of-view ultrasound, 3-D ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging-based diffusion tensor imaging. By critically discussing potentials and shortcomings of each methodology, we aim to provide readers with an overview of both established and new techniques for the in vivo assessment of muscle architecture. This review may serve as decision guidance facilitating selection of the appropriate technique to be applied in biomedical research or clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino V Franchi
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Sports Medicine Research, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Stefano Longo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Shantanu Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marco V Narici
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Robert Csapo
- Research Unit for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention, Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine & Health Tourism (ISAG), University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall, Austria
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Mormina E, Granata F, Gaeta M, Longo M, Calamuneri A, Arrigo A, De Ponte F, Vinci SL, Catalfamo L, Nastro Siniscalchi E. Microstructural investigation of masticatory muscles: a pre- and post-treatment diffusion tensor imaging study in a bruxism case. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2018; 47:20170275. [PMID: 29470139 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20170275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated, by means of a non-invasive procedure based on MRI, the masticatory muscular microstructure in a 55-year-old-female patient affected by bruxism. The patient underwent MR examination before and after 1 month of splint therapy, when she mentioned the complete disappearance of all symptoms. By means of diffusion tensor imaging we observed changes at microstructural level of masticatory muscular complex. We conclude that diffusion tensor imaging may be a useful instrument both to perform panoramic reconstruction of the masticatory muscle complex and to investigate microstructural modifications related to the pain relief in bruxism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enricomaria Mormina
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Francesca Granata
- 2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Michele Gaeta
- 2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Marcello Longo
- 2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Alessandro Calamuneri
- 3 UOSD of Neurophysiopathology and Movement Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina , Messina , Italy.,4 Euro mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Cutting-Edge Medicine and Therapies, Biomolecular Strategies and Neuroscience, I.E.ME.S.T. , Palermo , Italy
| | - Alessandro Arrigo
- 2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Francesco De Ponte
- 5 Maxillofacial Unit-Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Sergio Lucio Vinci
- 2 Neuroradiology Unit-Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Luciano Catalfamo
- 5 Maxillofacial Unit-Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Enrico Nastro Siniscalchi
- 5 Maxillofacial Unit-Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Giraudo C, Motyka S, Weber M, Karner M, Resinger C, Feiweier T, Trattnig S, Bogner W. Normalized STEAM-based diffusion tensor imaging provides a robust assessment of muscle tears in football players: preliminary results of a new approach to evaluate muscle injuries. Eur Radiol 2018; 28:2882-2889. [PMID: 29423575 PMCID: PMC5986840 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-017-5218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess acute muscle tears in professional football players by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and evaluate the impact of normalization of data. Methods Eight football players with acute lower limb muscle tears were examined. DTI metrics of the injured muscle and corresponding healthy contralateral muscle and of ROIs drawn in muscle tears (ROItear) in the corresponding healthy contralateral muscle (ROIhc_t) in a healthy area ipsilateral to the injury (ROIhi) and in a corresponding contralateral area (ROIhc_i) were compared. The same comparison was performed for ratios of the injured (ROItear/ROIhi) and contralateral sides (ROIhc_t/ROIhc_i). ANOVA, Bonferroni-corrected post-hoc and Student’s t-tests were used. Results Analyses of the entire muscle did not show any differences (p>0.05 each) except for axial diffusivity (AD; p=0.048). ROItear showed higher mean diffusivity (MD) and AD than ROIhc_t (p<0.05). Fractional anisotropy (FA) was lower in ROItear than in ROIhi and ROIhc_t (p<0.05). Radial diffusivity (RD) was higher in ROItear than in any other ROI (p<0.05). Ratios revealed higher MD and RD and lower FA and reduced number and length of fibre tracts on the injured side (p<0.05 each). Conclusions DTI allowed a robust assessment of muscle tears in athletes especially after normalization to healthy muscle tissue. Key Points • STEAM-based DTI allows the investigation of muscle tears affecting professional football players. • Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity differ between injured and healthy muscle areas. • Only normalized data show differences of fibre tracking metrics in muscle tears. • The normalization of DTI-metrics enables a more robust characterization of muscle tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giraudo
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stanislav Motyka
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Weber
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuela Karner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Bogner
- High Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Fouré A, Ogier AC, Le Troter A, Vilmen C, Feiweier T, Guye M, Gondin J, Besson P, Bendahan D. Diffusion Properties and 3D Architecture of Human Lower Leg Muscles Assessed with Ultra-High-Field-Strength Diffusion-Tensor MR Imaging and Tractography: Reproducibility and Sensitivity to Sex Difference and Intramuscular Variability. Radiology 2018; 287:592-607. [PMID: 29381871 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017171330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate the reproducibility of the diffusion properties and three-dimensional structural organization measurements of the lower leg muscles by using diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) assessed with ultra-high-field-strength (7.0-T) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and tractography of skeletal muscle fibers. On the basis of robust statistical mapping analyses, this study also aimed at determining the sensitivity of the measurements to sex difference and intramuscular variability. Materials and Methods All examinations were performed with ethical review board approval; written informed consent was obtained from all volunteers. Reproducibility of diffusion tensor indexes assessment including eigenvalues, mean diffusivity, and fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as muscle volume and architecture (ie, fiber length and pennation angle) were characterized in lower leg muscles (n = 8). Intramuscular variability and sex differences were characterized in young healthy men and women (n = 10 in each group). Student t test, statistical parametric mapping, correlation coefficients (Spearman rho and Pearson product-moment) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used for statistical data analysis. Results High reproducibility of measurements (mean CV ± standard deviation, 4.6% ± 3.8) was determined in diffusion properties and architectural parameters. Significant sex differences were detected in FA (4.2% in women for the entire lower leg; P = .001) and muscle volume (21.7% in men for the entire lower leg; P = .008), whereas architecture parameters were almost identical across sex. Additional differences were found independently of sex in diffusion properties and architecture along several muscles of the lower leg. Conclusion The high-spatial-resolution DTI assessed with 7.0-T MR imaging allows a reproducible assessment of structural organization of superficial and deep muscles, giving indirect information on muscle function. ©RSNA, 2018 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Fouré
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Augustin C Ogier
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Arnaud Le Troter
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Christophe Vilmen
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Thorsten Feiweier
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Maxime Guye
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Julien Gondin
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - Pierre Besson
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
| | - David Bendahan
- From the Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR 7339, Faculté de Médecine la Timone, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France (A.F., A.C.O., A.L.T., C.V., M.G., J.G., P.B., D.B.); APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Pôle Imagerie Médicale, Marseille, France (M.G.); Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1217, CNRS 5310, Villeurbanne, France (J.G.); and Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany (T.F.)
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Handsfield GG, Bolsterlee B, Inouye JM, Herbert RD, Besier TF, Fernandez JW. Determining skeletal muscle architecture with Laplacian simulations: a comparison with diffusion tensor imaging. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017; 16:1845-1855. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Liu LS, Zheng ZZ, Yuan HS. Significance of Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Vastus Medialis Oblique in Recurrent Patellar Dislocation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:642-646. [PMID: 28303844 PMCID: PMC5358411 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.201607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have investigated the influence of osseous factors on patellofemoral joint instability, but research on the influence of dynamic muscle factors in vivo is still in the exploratory stage. This study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate vastus medialis oblique (VMO) fiber bundles in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation to explore the changes in muscle morphology and function. Methods: This prospective study involved 30 patients (7 males and 23 females; average age, 21.4 ± 3.8 years) clinically diagnosed with recurrent patellar dislocation in Peking University Third Hospital and 30 healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and body mass index in our medical school between January 2014 and October 2014. None of the patients had a recent history of traumatic patellar dislocation or transient patellar dislocation. All patients underwent conventional MRI and DTI of the knee. The cross-sectional area of the VMO on MRI and the fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and primary (λ1), secondary (λ2), and three-level characteristic (λ3) values on DTI were measured. The independent-samples t-test was used to compare these parameters between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the patient group showed significantly higher FA values (0.39 ± 0.05 vs. 0.33 ± 0.03) and significantly lower ADC (1.51 ± 0.13 vs. 1.58 ± 0.07), λ2 (4.96 ± 0.13 vs. 5.04 ± 0.07), and λ3 values (4.44 ± 0.14 vs. 4.58 ± 0.07; t = 5.99, t = –2.58, t = –3.02, and t = –4.88, respectively; all P < 0.05). Cross-sectional VMO area and λ1 values did not differ between the two groups (t = –1.82 and t = 0.22, respectively; both P > 0.05). Conclusions: The functional status of the VMO is closely associated with recurrent patellar dislocation. MRI, especially DTI (FA, ADC, λ2, and λ3), can detect early changes in VMO function and might facilitate the noninvasive monitoring of the functional status of the VMO in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Si Liu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhuo-Zhao Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Hui-Shu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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16
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Baur ADJ, Daqqaq T, Collettini F, Denecke T, Hamm B, Durmus T, Scheel M. Influence of fractional anisotropy thresholds on diffusion tensor imaging tractography of the periprostatic neurovascular bundle and selected pelvic tissues: do visualized tracts really represent nerves? Acta Radiol 2017; 58:472-480. [PMID: 27235453 DOI: 10.1177/0284185116651004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography has recently been shown to successfully visualize periprostatic tracts allegedly representing the neurovascular bundle. Purpose To examine the impact of different fractional anisotropy (FA) thresholds on the results of DTI tractography in the male pelvis as well as to evaluate the resulting specificity for nerve tracts. Material and Methods Ten healthy male volunteers were examined at 3 Tesla. DTI tractography was performed based on seed points placed circularly around the prostate, in the rectoprostatic angle, the peripheral zone of the prostate, the sciatic nerve, and in addition the urinary bladder using FA thresholds of 0.20, 0.05, and 0.01. DTI tract number and DTI tract length measured with different FA thresholds were compared. ANOVA with repeated measures was used for statistics. Results DTI tract number and tract length were significantly dependent on FA thresholds. While a FA threshold of 0.20 visualized the typical distribution of DTI tracts in the sciatic nerve, a FA threshold of ≤0.05 was necessary to yield results visually mimicking the distribution of nerve tracts in the NVB. However, with such low FA thresholds even in the filled urinary bladder DTI tracts could be visualized. With FA thresholds of 0.20, the number and length of periprostatic DTI tracts did not differ from those measured within the prostate. Conclusion DTI tractography can be used to visualize DTI tracts periprostatically. However, one may doubt that these DTI tracts represent nerve tracts and that the periprostatic neurovascular bundle can be evaluated in a meaningful way with the current methods available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander DJ Baur
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tareef Daqqaq
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Collettini
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm Denecke
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tahir Durmus
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Scheel
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Wu CH, Chen YJ, Wang MH, Chiou LL, Tseng WYI, Lee HS. Diffusion tensor tractography reveals muscle reconnection during axolotl limb regeneration. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173425. [PMID: 28253344 PMCID: PMC5333890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Axolotls have amazing ability to regenerate their lost limbs. Our previous works showed that after amputation the remnant muscle ends remained at their original location whilst sending satellite cells into the regenerating parts to develop into early muscle fibers in the late differentiation stage. The parental and the newly formed muscle fibers were not connected until very late stage. The present study used non-invasive diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to monitor weekly axolotl upper arm muscles after amputation of their upper arms. DTI tractography showed that the regenerating muscle fibers became visible at 9-wpa (weeks post amputation), but a gap was observed between the regenerating and parental muscles. The gap was filled at 10-wpa, indicating reconnection of the fibers of both muscles. This was confirmed by histology. The DTI results indicate that 23% of the muscle fibers were reconnected at 10-wpa. In conclusion, DTI can be used to visualize axolotls' skeletal muscles and the results of muscle reconnection were in accordance with our previous findings. This non-invasive technique will allow researchers to identify the timeframe in which muscle fiber reconnection takes place and thus enable the study of the mechanisms underlying this reconnection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Hui Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ling Chiou
- Liver Disease Prevention and Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yih Isaac Tseng
- Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WYIT); (HSL)
| | - Hsuan-Shu Lee
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (WYIT); (HSL)
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18
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Damon BM, Froeling M, Buck AKW, Oudeman J, Ding Z, Nederveen AJ, Bush EC, Strijkers GJ. Skeletal muscle diffusion tensor-MRI fiber tracking: rationale, data acquisition and analysis methods, applications and future directions. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2017; 30:10.1002/nbm.3563. [PMID: 27257975 PMCID: PMC5136336 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical functions of muscles involve the generation of force and the actuation of movement by shortening or lengthening under load. These functions are influenced, in part, by the internal arrangement of muscle fibers with respect to the muscle's mechanical line of action. This property is known as muscle architecture. In this review, we describe the use of diffusion tensor (DT)-MRI muscle fiber tracking for the study of muscle architecture. In the first section, the importance of skeletal muscle architecture to function is discussed. In addition, traditional and complementary methods for the assessment of muscle architecture (brightness-mode ultrasound imaging and cadaver analysis) are presented. Next, DT-MRI is introduced and the structural basis for the reduced and anisotropic diffusion of water in muscle is discussed. The third section discusses issues related to the acquisition of skeletal muscle DT-MRI data and presents recommendations for optimal strategies. The fourth section discusses methods for the pre-processing of DT-MRI data, the available approaches for the calculation of the diffusion tensor and the seeding and propagating of fiber tracts, and the analysis of the tracking results to measure structural properties pertinent to muscle biomechanics. Lastly, examples are presented of how DT-MRI fiber tracking has been used to provide new insights into how muscles function, and important future research directions are highlighted. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M. Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda K. W. Buck
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Jos Oudeman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Aart J. Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Emily C. Bush
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Gustav J. Strijkers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Combined magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging analyses provide a powerful tool for in vivo assessment of deformation along human muscle fibers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 63:207-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Melville DM, Mohler J, Fain M, Muchna AE, Krupinski E, Sharma P, Taljanovic MS. Multi-parametric MR imaging of quadriceps musculature in the setting of clinical frailty syndrome. Skeletal Radiol 2016; 45:583-9. [PMID: 26743776 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-015-2313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) conferring an increased risk of rapid decline in health and function with increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between diffusion tensor, T2 and intramuscular fat content values of the quadriceps muscle group and clinical frailty status using diffusion tensor MR imaging. MATERIAL AND METHODS Subjects were recruited from the Arizona Frailty cohort composed of all females with frailty status based on the Fried criteria, including 6 non-frail and 10 pre-frail/frail adults, as well as a community sample of 11 young, healthy controls. Axial images of both thighs were obtained on a 3-T magnet with T1, T2 and diffusion tensor imaging as well as intramuscular fat analysis. Diffusion tensor and T2 values were determined by region-of-interest measurements at the proximal, mid and distal thirds of both thighs. Data were evaluated to determine differences between measured values and frailty status. RESULTS The mean fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the bilateral quadriceps muscles demonstrated significant differences (F = 7.558, p = 0.0030) between the control and pre-frail/frail and non-frail and pre-frail/frail groups. There was a significant difference in mean T2 (F = 21.675, p < 0.0001) and lipid content (F = 19.266, p < 0.0001) among all three groups in the total quadriceps muscle group. CONCLUSION The quadriceps musculature of pre-frail/frail adults demonstrated increased FA compared to young controls and non-frail adults with increasing T2 and intramuscular fat among the control, non-frail and pre-frail/frail categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Melville
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Jane Mohler
- Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1821 E. Elm Street, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Mindy Fain
- Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1821 E. Elm Street, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Amy E Muchna
- Arizona Center on Aging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1821 E. Elm Street, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Elizabeth Krupinski
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.,Department of Radiology & Imaging Services, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Puneet Sharma
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Mihra S Taljanovic
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., P.O. Box 245067, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
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Diffusion-Tensor Imaging of Thigh Muscles in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Correlation of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Fractional Anisotropy Values With Fatty Infiltration. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2016; 206:867-70. [PMID: 26866848 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.15.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Hooijmans M, Damon B, Froeling M, Versluis M, Burakiewicz J, Verschuuren J, Webb A, Niks E, Kan H. Evaluation of skeletal muscle DTI in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2015; 28:1589-97. [PMID: 26449628 PMCID: PMC4670831 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a popular method to assess differences in fiber organization in diseased and healthy muscle tissue. Previous work has shown that muscle DTI measurements depend on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), %fat, and tissue T2. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential biasing effects of these factors on skeletal muscle DTI data in patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). MR images were obtained of the right lower leg of 21 DMD patients and 12 healthy controls on a Philips 3T system. DTI measurements were combined with quantitative in-vivo measures of mean water T2, %fat and SNR to evaluate their effect on DTI parameter estimation. All outcome measures were determined within ROIs drawn for six lower leg muscles. Between group analysis, using all ROIs, revealed a significantly elevated FA in the GCL, SOL and PER muscles (p<0.05) and an increased mean diffusivity (p<0.05) and λ3 (p<0.05) in the TA muscle of DMD patients. In-vivo evaluation of the individual confounders showed behaviour in line with predictions from previous simulation work. To account for these confounders, subsequent analysis used only ROIs with SNR greater than 20. With this criterion we found significantly greater MD in the TA muscle of DMD patient (p<0.009) and λ3 in the TA and GCL muscles (p<0.001) of DMD patients, but no differences in FA. As both increased %fat and lower SNR are expected to reduce the apparent MD and λ3, these between-group differences are likely due to pathophysiology. However, the increased FA, observed when using all ROIs, likely reflects the effect of low SNR and %fat on the DTI parameter estimation. These findings suggest that measuring mean water T2, %fat and SNR is essential to ascribe changes in DTI measures to intrinsic diffusion changes or to confounding influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.T. Hooijmans
- Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - B.M. Damon
- Depts. of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Biomedical Engineering, and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - M. Froeling
- Dept of Radiology, Utrecht Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - J. Burakiewicz
- Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J.J.G.M Verschuuren
- Dept of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A.G. Webb
- Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E.H. Niks
- Dept of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H.E. Kan
- Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Oudeman J, Nederveen AJ, Strijkers GJ, Maas M, Luijten PR, Froeling M. Techniques and applications of skeletal muscle diffusion tensor imaging: A review. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015. [PMID: 26221741 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is increasingly applied to study skeletal muscle physiology, anatomy, and pathology. The reason for this growing interest is that DTI offers unique, noninvasive, and potentially diagnostically relevant imaging readouts of skeletal muscle structure that are difficult or impossible to obtain otherwise. DTI has been shown to be feasible within most skeletal muscles. DTI parameters are highly sensitive to patient-specific properties such as age, body mass index (BMI), and gender, but also to more transient factors such as exercise, rest, pressure, temperature, and relative joint position. However, when designing a DTI study one should not only be aware of sensitivity to the above-mentioned factors but also the fact that the DTI parameters are dependent on several acquisition parameters such as echo time, b-value, and diffusion mixing time. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of DTI studies covering the technical, demographic, and clinical aspects of DTI in skeletal muscles. First we will focus on the critical aspects of the acquisition protocol. Second, we will cover the reported normal variance in skeletal muscle diffusion parameters, and finally we provide an overview of clinical studies and reported parameter changes due to several (patho-)physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Oudeman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter R Luijten
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Rockel C, Noseworthy MD. An exploration of diffusion tensor eigenvector variability within human calf muscles. J Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 43:190-202. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Rockel
- McMaster School of Biomedical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Imaging Research; St. Joseph's Healthcare; Hamilton Ontario Canada
| | - Michael D. Noseworthy
- McMaster School of Biomedical Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Imaging Research; St. Joseph's Healthcare; Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Department of Radiology; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; McMaster University; Hamilton Ontario Canada
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Effectiveness of diffusion tensor imaging in assessing disease severity in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: preliminary study. Pediatr Radiol 2015; 45:582-9. [PMID: 25246097 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-014-3187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is currently a lack of suitable objective endpoints to measure disease progression in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Emerging research suggests that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has potential as an outcome measure for the evaluation of skeletal muscle injury. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of DTI as quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of disease severity in DMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen consecutive boys (8.9 years ± 3.0 years) with DMD were evaluated using DTI. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were compared with clinical outcome measures of manual muscle testing and MRI determinations of muscle fat fraction (MFF) in the right lower extremity. RESULTS Both MRI measures of FA and ADC strongly correlated with age and muscle strength. Values for FA positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with muscle strength (r = 0.78 and -0.96; both P ≤ 0.002) while measures of ADC negatively correlated age, but positively correlated with muscle strength (r = -0.87 and 0.83; both P ≤ 0.0004). Additionally, ADC and FA strongly correlated with MFF (r = -0.891 and 0.894, respectively; both P ≤ 0.0001). Mean MMF was negatively correlated with muscle strength (r = -0.89, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSION DTI measures of muscle structure strongly correlated with muscle strength and adiposity in boys with DMD in this pilot study, although these markers may be more reflective of fat replacement rather than muscle damage in later stages of the disease. Further studies in presymptomatic younger children are needed to assess the ability of DTI to detect early changes in DMD.
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Focus on diffusion MR investigations of musculoskeletal tissue to improve osteoporosis diagnosis: a brief practical review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:948610. [PMID: 25861652 PMCID: PMC4377366 DOI: 10.1155/2015/948610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, a huge number of papers have documented the ability of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (D-MRI) to highlight normal and pathological conditions in a variety of cerebral, abdominal, and cardiovascular applications. To date, however, the role of D-MRI to investigate musculoskeletal tissue, specifically the cancellous bone, has not been extensively explored. In order to determine potentially useful applications of diffusion techniques in musculoskeletal investigation, D-MRI applications to detect osteoporosis disease were reviewed and further explained.
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Li K, Dortch RD, Welch EB, Bryant ND, Buck AKW, Towse TF, Gochberg DF, Does MD, Damon BM, Park JH. Multi-parametric MRI characterization of healthy human thigh muscles at 3.0 T - relaxation, magnetization transfer, fat/water, and diffusion tensor imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:1070-84. [PMID: 25066274 PMCID: PMC4153695 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Muscle diseases commonly have clinical presentations of inflammation, fat infiltration, fibrosis, and atrophy. However, the results of existing laboratory tests and clinical presentations are not well correlated. Advanced quantitative MRI techniques may allow the assessment of myo-pathological changes in a sensitive and objective manner. To progress towards this goal, an array of quantitative MRI protocols was implemented for human thigh muscles; their reproducibility was assessed; and the statistical relationships among parameters were determined. These quantitative methods included fat/water imaging, multiple spin-echo T2 imaging (with and without fat signal suppression, FS), selective inversion recovery for T1 and quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) imaging (with and without FS), and diffusion tensor imaging. Data were acquired at 3.0 T from nine healthy subjects. To assess the repeatability of each method, the subjects were re-imaged an average of 35 days later. Pre-testing lifestyle restrictions were applied to standardize physiological conditions across scans. Strong between-day intra-class correlations were observed in all quantitative indices except for the macromolecular-to-free water pool size ratio (PSR) with FS, a metric derived from qMT data. Two-way analysis of variance revealed no significant between-day differences in the mean values for any parameter estimate. The repeatability was further assessed with Bland-Altman plots, and low repeatability coefficients were obtained for all parameters. Among-muscle differences in the quantitative MRI indices and inter-class correlations among the parameters were identified. There were inverse relationships between fractional anisotropy (FA) and the second eigenvalue, the third eigenvalue, and the standard deviation of the first eigenvector. The FA was positively related to the PSR, while the other diffusion indices were inversely related to the PSR. These findings support the use of these T1 , T2 , fat/water, and DTI protocols for characterizing skeletal muscle using MRI. Moreover, the data support the existence of a common biophysical mechanism, water content, as a source of variation in these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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Repeatability of chemical-shift-encoded water-fat MRI and diffusion-tensor imaging in lower extremity muscles in children. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 202:W567-73. [PMID: 24848851 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.13.11081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the repeatability of water-fat MRI and diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) as quantitative biomarkers of pediatric lower extremity skeletal muscle. SUBJECTS AND METHODS MRI at 3 T of a randomly selected thigh and lower leg of seven healthy children was studied using water-fat separation and DTI techniques. Muscle-fat fraction, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and fractional anisotropy (FA) values were calculated. Test-retest and interrater repeatability were assessed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS Bland-Altman plots show that the mean difference between test-retest and interrater measurements of muscle-fat fraction, ADC, and FA was near 0. The correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients were all between 0.88 and 0.99 (p < 0.05), suggesting excellent reliability of the measurements. Muscle-fat fraction measurements from water-fat MRI exhibited the highest intraclass correlation coefficient. Interrater agreement was consistently better than test-retest comparisons. CONCLUSION Water-fat MRI and DTI measurements in lower extremity skeletal muscles are objective repeatable biomarkers in children. This knowledge should aid in the understanding of the number of participants needed in clinical trials when using these determinations as an outcome measure to noninvasively monitor neuromuscular disease.
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Budzik JF, Balbi V, Verclytte S, Pansini V, Thuc VL, Cotten A. Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Musculoskeletal Disorders. Radiographics 2014; 34:E56-72. [DOI: 10.1148/rg.343125062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yaman A, Ozturk C, Huijing PA, Yucesoy CA. Magnetic resonance imaging assessment of mechanical interactions between human lower leg muscles in vivo. J Biomech Eng 2014; 135:91003. [PMID: 23722229 DOI: 10.1115/1.4024573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Evidence on epimuscular myofascial force transmission (EMFT) was shown for undissected muscle in situ. We hypothesize that global length changes of gastrocnemius muscle-tendon complex in vivo will cause sizable and heterogeneous local strains within all muscles of the human lower leg. Our goal is to test this hypothesis. A method was developed and validated using high-resolution 3D magnetic resonance image sets and Demons nonrigid registration algorithm for performing large deformation analyses. Calculation of strain tensors per voxel in human muscles in vivo allowed quantifying local heterogeneous tissue deformations and volume changes. After hip and knee movement (Δ knee angle ≈ 25 deg) but without any ankle movement, local lengthening within m. gastrocnemius was shown to occur simultaneously with local shortening (maximally by +34.2% and -32.6%, respectively) at different locations. Moreover, similar local strains occur also within other muscles, despite being kept at constant muscle-tendon complex length. This is shown for synergistic m. soleus and deep flexors, as well as for antagonistic anterior crural and peroneal muscle groups: minimum peak lengthening and shortening equaled 23.3% and 25.54%, respectively despite global isometric conditions. These findings confirm our hypothesis and show that in vivo, muscles are in principle not independent mechanically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Yaman
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul 34342, Turkey
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31
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Hiepe P, Herrmann KH, Güllmar D, Ros C, Siebert T, Blickhan R, Hahn K, Reichenbach JR. Fast low-angle shot diffusion tensor imaging with stimulated echo encoding in the muscle of rabbit shank. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2014; 27:146-157. [PMID: 24151092 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the past, spin-echo (SE) echo planar imaging(EPI)-based diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely used to study the fiber structure of skeletal muscles in vivo. However, this sequence has several shortcomings when measuring restricted diffusion in small animals, such as its sensitivity to susceptibility-related distortions and a relatively short applicable diffusion time. To address these limitations, in the current work, a stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) MRI technique, in combination with fast low-angle shot (FLASH) readout (turbo-STEAM MRI), was implemented and adjusted for DTI in skeletal muscles. Signal preparation using stimulated echoes enables longer effective diffusion times, and thus the detection of restricted diffusion within muscular tissue with intracellular distances up to 100 µm. Furthermore, it has a reduced penalty for fast T2 muscle signal decay, but at the expense of 50% signal loss compared with a SE preparation. Turbo-STEAM MRI facilitates high-resolution DTI of skeletal muscle without introducing susceptibility-related distortions. To demonstrate its applicability, we carried out rabbit in vivo measurements on a human whole-body 3 T scanner. DTI parameters of the shank muscles were extracted, including the apparent diffusion coefficient, fractional anisotropy, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Eigenvectors were used to calculate maps of structural parameters, such as the planar index and the polar coordinates θ and ϕ of the largest eigenvector. These parameters were compared between three muscles. θ and ϕ showed clear differences between the three muscles, reflecting different pennation angles of the underlying fiber structures. Fiber tractography was performed to visualize and analyze the architecture of skeletal pennate muscles. Optimization of tracking parameters and utilization of T2 -weighted images for improved muscle boundary detection enabled the determination of additional parameters, such as the mean fiber length. The presented results support the applicability of turbo-STEAM MRI as a promising method for quantitative DTI analysis and fiber tractography in skeletal muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Hiepe
- Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology I, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Kim W, Veloso AP, Araújo D, Kohles SS. Novel computational approaches characterizing knee physiotherapy. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AND ENGINEERING 2014; 1:55-66. [PMID: 37123075 PMCID: PMC10137317 DOI: 10.7315/jcde.2014.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A knee joint's longevity depends on the proper integration of structural components in an axial alignment. If just one of the components is abnormally off-axis, the biomechanical system fails, resulting in arthritis. The complexity of various failures in the knee joint has led orthopedic surgeons to select total knee replacement as a primary treatment. In many cases, this means sacrificing much of an otherwise normal joint. Here, we review novel computational approaches to describe knee physiotherapy by introducing a new dimension of foot loading to the knee axis alignment producing an improved functional status of the patient. New physiotherapeutic applications are then possible by aligning foot loading with the functional axis of the knee joint during the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangdo Kim
- Univ Lisboa, Fac Motricidade Humana, CIPER, LBMF, SPERTLAB, Estrada da Costa, P-1499-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António P. Veloso
- Univ Lisboa, Fac Motricidade Humana, CIPER, LBMF, SPERTLAB, Estrada da Costa, P-1499-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Duarte Araújo
- Univ Lisboa, Fac Motricidade Humana, CIPER, LBMF, SPERTLAB, Estrada da Costa, P-1499-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sean S. Kohles
- Division of Biomaterials & Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-503-516-7528,
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Froeling M, Nederveen AJ, Nicolay K, Strijkers GJ. DTI of human skeletal muscle: the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal-to-noise ratio and T2 on tensor indices and fiber tracts. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2013; 26:1339-52. [PMID: 23670990 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have performed simulations to address the effects of diffusion encoding parameters, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and T2 on skeletal muscle diffusion tensor indices and fiber tracts. Where appropriate, simulations were corroborated and validated by in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of human skeletal muscle. Specifically, we have addressed: (i) the accuracy and precision of the diffusion parameters and eigenvectors at different SNR levels; (ii) the effects of the diffusion gradient direction encoding scheme; (iii) the optimal b value for diffusion tensor estimation; (iv) the effects of changes in skeletal muscle T2; and, finally, the influence of SNR on fiber tractography and derived (v) fiber lengths, (vi) pennation angles and (vii) fiber curvatures. We conclude that accurate DTI of skeletal muscle requires an SNR of at least 25, a b value of between 400 and 500 s/mm(2), and data acquired with at least 12 diffusion gradient directions homogeneously distributed on half a sphere. Furthermore, for DTI studies focusing on skeletal muscle injury or pathology, apparent changes in the diffusion parameters need to be interpreted with great care in view of the confounding effects of T2, particularly for moderate to low SNR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Froeling
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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35
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3-T MRI with diffusion tensor imaging and tractography of the median nerve. Eur Radiol 2013; 23:3124-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2955-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Seo HS, Kim SE, Rose J, Hadley JR, Parker DL, Jeong EK. Diffusion tensor imaging of extraocular muscle using two-dimensional single-shot interleaved multiple inner volume imaging diffusion-weighted EPI at 3 tesla. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 38:1162-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Suk Seo
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Radiology; Korea University; Ansan Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - John Rose
- Department of Neurology; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - J. Rock Hadley
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Dennis L. Parker
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
| | - Eun-Kee Jeong
- Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Utah; Salt Lake City Utah USA
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Assessment of reduced field of view in diffusion tensor imaging of the lumbar nerve roots at 3 T. Eur Radiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-012-2710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rousset P, Delmas V, Buy JN, Rahmouni A, Vadrot D, Deux JF. In vivo visualization of the levator ani muscle subdivisions using MR fiber tractography with diffusion tensor imaging. J Anat 2012; 221:221-8. [PMID: 22757638 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2012.01538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the levator ani complex architecture is of major clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of magnetic resonance (MR) fiber tractography with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a tool for the three-dimensional (3D) representation of normal subdivisions of the levator ani. Ten young nulliparous female volunteers underwent DTI at 1.5 T MR imaging. Diffusion-weighted axial sequence of the pelvic floor was performed with additional T2-weighted multiplanar sequences for anatomical reference. Fiber tractography for visualization of each Terminologia Anatomica-listed major levator ani subdivision was performed. Numeric muscular fibers extracted after tractography were judged as accurate when localized within the boundaries of the muscle, and inaccurate when projecting out of the boundaries of the muscle. From the fiber tracking of each subdivision the number of numeric fibers (inaccurate and accurate) and a score (from 3 to 0) of the adequacy of the 3D representation were calculated. All but two volunteers completed the protocol. The mean number of accurate fibers was 17 ± 2 for the pubovisceralis, 14 ± 6 for the puborectalis and 1 ± 1 for the iliococcygeus. The quality of the 3D representation was judged as good (score = 2) for the pubovisceralis and puborectalis, and inaccurate (score = 0) for the iliococcygeus. Our study is the first step to a 3D visualization of the three major levator ani subdivisions, which could help to better understand their in vivo functional anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Rousset
- Radiology Department, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, University Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
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Fiocchi F, Nocetti L, Siopis E, Currà S, Costi T, Ligabue G, Torricelli P. In vivo 3 T MR diffusion tensor imaging for detection of the fibre architecture of the human uterus: a feasibility and quantitative study. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e1009-17. [PMID: 22744322 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/76693739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of depicting fibre architecture of human uteri in vivo using 3 T MR diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) with a three-dimensional (3D) tractography approach. Quantitative results were provided. METHODS In vivo 3 T MR-DTI was performed on 30 volunteers (9 Caesarean delivery). Main diffusion directions reflecting the fibre orientation were determined using sensitivity-encoding single-shot echo planar imaging with diffusion-sensitised gradients (b=600 mm(2) s(-1)) along 32 directions. A deterministic fibre-tracking algorithm was used to show in vivo fibre architecture, compared with ex vivo histological slides of cadaveric uteri. The number of fibres, the fibre density, the fractional anisotropy (FA) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured in 13 volunteers. RESULTS Anisotropy was found in most regions of normal uteri and the preferential order of uterine fibres depicted, consisting of two representative fibre directions: circular and longitudinal, as in ex vivo studies. Two-thirds of uteri with a Caesarean scar did not have the same orientation of fibres in the anterior isthmus when compared with non-scarred myometrium. Quantitative data were obtained from 13 volunteers: Caesarean-scarred uteri (n=5) showed lower fibre number and density in the scarred anterior isthmus than the nulliparous uteri (n=8). No significant differences were found in FA (0.42 ± 0.02, 0.41 ± 0.02; p=0.25) and ADC (1.82 ± 0.18 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1), 1.93 ± 0.25 × 10(-3) mm(2) s(-1); p=0.20). CONCLUSION Fibre architecture of the human uterus can be depicted in vivo using 3 T MR-DTI. Advances in knowledge 3 T MR-DTI can help to provide an in vivo insight of uterine anatomy non-invasively, especially in females with previous Caesarean surgery, in order to provide better management of subsequent deliveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fiocchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Policlinico Hospital, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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Karampinos DC, Banerjee S, King KF, Link TM, Majumdar S. Considerations in high-resolution skeletal muscle diffusion tensor imaging using single-shot echo planar imaging with stimulated-echo preparation and sensitivity encoding. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 25:766-78. [PMID: 22081519 PMCID: PMC3299872 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that skeletal muscle diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can noninvasively probe changes in the muscle fiber architecture and microstructure in diseased and damaged muscles. However, DTI fiber reconstruction in small muscles and in muscle regions close to aponeuroses and tendons remains challenging because of partial volume effects. Increasing the spatial resolution of skeletal muscle single-shot diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging (DW-EPI) can be hindered by the inherently low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of muscle DW-EPI because of the short muscle T(2) and the high sensitivity of single-shot EPI to off-resonance effects and T(2)* blurring. In this article, eddy current-compensated diffusion-weighted stimulated-echo preparation is combined with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) to maintain good SNR properties and to reduce the sensitivity to distortions and T(2)* blurring in high-resolution skeletal muscle single-shot DW-EPI. An analytical framework is developed to optimize the reduction factor and diffusion weighting time to achieve maximum SNR. Arguments for the selection of the experimental parameters are then presented considering the compromise between SNR, B(0)-induced distortions, T(2)* blurring effects and tissue incoherent motion effects. On the basis of the selected parameters in a high-resolution skeletal muscle single-shot DW-EPI protocol, imaging protocols at lower acquisition matrix sizes are defined with matched bandwidth in the phase-encoding direction and SNR. In vivo results show that high-resolution skeletal muscle DTI with minimized sensitivity to geometric distortions and T(2)* blurring is feasible using the proposed methodology. In particular, a significant benefit is demonstrated from a reduction in partial volume effects for resolving multi-pennate muscles and muscles with small cross-sections in calf muscle DTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Damon BM, Heemskerk AM, Ding Z. Polynomial fitting of DT-MRI fiber tracts allows accurate estimation of muscle architectural parameters. Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 30:589-600. [PMID: 22503094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fiber curvature is a functionally significant muscle structural property, but its estimation from diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging fiber tracking data may be confounded by noise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of polynomial fitting of fiber tracts for improving the accuracy and precision of fiber curvature (κ) measurements. Simulated image data sets were created in order to provide data with known values for κ and pennation angle (θ). Simulations were designed to test the effects of increasing inherent fiber curvature (3.8, 7.9, 11.8 and 15.3 m(-1)), signal-to-noise ratio (50, 75, 100 and 150) and voxel geometry (13.8- and 27.0-mm(3) voxel volume with isotropic resolution; 13.5-mm(3) volume with an aspect ratio of 4.0) on κ and θ measurements. In the originally reconstructed tracts, θ was estimated accurately under most curvature and all imaging conditions studied; however, the estimates of κ were imprecise and inaccurate. Fitting the tracts to second-order polynomial functions provided accurate and precise estimates of κ for all conditions except very high curvature (κ=15.3 m(-1)), while preserving the accuracy of the θ estimates. Similarly, polynomial fitting of in vivo fiber tracking data reduced the κ values of fitted tracts from those of unfitted tracts and did not change the θ values. Polynomial fitting of fiber tracts allows accurate estimation of physiologically reasonable values of κ, while preserving the accuracy of θ estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Froeling M, Nederveen AJ, Heijtel DF, Lataster A, Bos C, Nicolay K, Maas M, Drost MR, Strijkers GJ. Diffusion-tensor MRI reveals the complex muscle architecture of the human forearm. J Magn Reson Imaging 2012; 36:237-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Poliachik SL, Friedman SD, Carter GT, Parnell SE, Shaw DW. Skeletal Muscle Edema in Muscular Dystrophy: Clinical and Diagnostic Implications. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2012; 23:107-22, xi. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2011.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Damon BM, Buck AKW, Ding Z. Diffusion-Tensor MRI Based Skeletal Muscle Fiber Tracking. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 3:675-687. [PMID: 25429308 DOI: 10.2217/iim.11.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A skeletal muscle's function is strongly influenced by the internal organization and geometric properties of its fibers, a property known as muscle architecture. Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging-based fiber tracking provides a powerful tool for non-invasive muscle architecture studies, has three-dimensional sensitivity, and uses a fixed frame of reference. Significant advances have been made in muscle fiber tracking technology, including defining seed points for fiber tracking, quantitatively characterizing muscle architecture, implementing denoising procedures, and testing validity and repeatability. Some examples exist of how these data can be integrated with those from other advanced MRI and computational methods to provide novel insights into muscle function. Perspectives are offered regarding future directions in muscle diffusion-tensor imaging, including needs to develop an improved understanding for the microstructural basis for reduced and anisotropic diffusion, establish the best practices for data acquisition and analysis, and integrate fiber tracking with other physiological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce M Damon
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Amanda K W Buck
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Program in Chemical and Physical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA ; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN USA
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Functional imaging in muscular diseases. Insights Imaging 2011; 2:609-619. [PMID: 22347980 PMCID: PMC3259416 DOI: 10.1007/s13244-011-0111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The development of morphological and functional imaging techniques has improved the diagnosis of muscular disorders. METHODS: With the use of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the possibility of imaging the entire body has been introduced. In patients with suspected myositis, oedematous and inflammatory changed muscles can be sufficiently depicted and therefore biopsies become more precise. RESULTS: Functional MR methods visualise different aspects of muscular (patho)physiology: muscular sodium (Na(+)) homeostasis can be monitored with (23)Na MRI; the muscular energy and lipid metabolism can be monitored using (31)P and (1)H MR spectroscopy. (23)Na MRI has reached an acceptable value in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with muscular Na(+) channelopathies that are characterised by myocellular Na(+) overload and consecutive muscle weakness. Besides MRI, low mechanical index contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) methods have also been introduced. For evaluation of myositis, CEUS is more efficient in the diagnostic work-up than usual b-mode ultrasound, because CEUS can detect the inflammatory-induced muscular hyperperfusion in acute myositis. Moreover, the arterial perfusion reserve in peripheral arterial disease can be adequately examined using CEUS. CONCLUSION: Modern muscular imaging techniques offer deeper insights in muscular (patho)physiology than just illustrating unspecific myopathic manifestations like oedematous or lipomatous changes, hypertrophy or atrophy.
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Rana M, Wakeling JM. In-vivo determination of 3D muscle architecture of human muscle using free hand ultrasound. J Biomech 2011; 44:2129-35. [PMID: 21664617 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Muscle architecture is an important parameter affecting the muscle function. Most of the previous studies on in-vivo muscle architecture have used in 2D ultrasound. The importance of the third dimension has not been much explored due to lack of appropriate methods. DT-MRI has been used to study muscle architecture in 3D, however, due to long scan times of about 15 min DT-MRI has not been suitable to study active muscle contractions. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate methods to determine in-vivo muscle fascicle orientations in 3D using ultrasound. We have used 2D ultrasound and a 3D position tracker system to find the 3D fascicle orientation in 3D space. 2D orientations were obtained by using automated methods developed in our previous studies and we have extended these in the current study to obtain the 3D muscle fascicle orientation in 3D space. The methods were validated using the physical phantom and we found that the mean error in the measurement was less than 0.5° in each of the three co-ordinate planes. These methods can be achieved with short scan times (less than 2 min for the gastrocnemii) and will thus enable future studies to quantify 3D muscle architecture during sub-maximal voluntary contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manku Rana
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, SFU Burnaby, BC, Canada.
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Sinha S, Sinha U. Reproducibility analysis of diffusion tensor indices and fiber architecture of human calf muscles in vivo at 1.5 Tesla in neutral and plantarflexed ankle positions at rest. J Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 34:107-19. [PMID: 21608064 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.22596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the reproducibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) -derived indices and fiber architecture of calf muscles at 1.5 Tesla (T), to establish an imaging based method to confirm ankle position, and to compare fiber architecture at different ankle positions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six subjects were imaged at 1.5T with the foot in neutral and plantarflexed positions. DTI indices were calculated in four muscle compartments (medial and lateral gastrocnemius [MG, LG], superficial and deep anterior tibialis [AT-S, AT-D]). Two subjects were scanned on 3 days to calculate the coefficient of variability (CV) and the repeatability coefficient (RC). RESULTS DTI indices were close to the values obtained in earlier 3T and 1.5T studies. Fractional anisotropy decreased significantly in the MG and increased significantly in the AT-S and AT-D compartments while fiber orientation with respect to the magnet Z-axis increased significantly in the MG and decreased significantly in the AT-S compartment with plantarflexion. The CV and RC for the DTI indices and fiber orientations were comparable to 3T studies. Fiber lengths and orientation angles in the MG matched corresponding measures from ultrasound studies. CONCLUSION DTI at 1.5T provides reproducible measures of diffusion indices and fiber architecture of calf muscle at different muscle lengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Sinha
- Muscle Imaging and Modeling Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, California 92121-0852, USA.
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Zijta FM, Froeling M, van der Paardt MP, Lakeman MME, Bipat S, van Swijndregt ADM, Strijkers GJ, Nederveen AJ, Stoker J. Feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with fibre tractography of the normal female pelvic floor. Eur Radiol 2011; 21:1243-9. [PMID: 21197534 PMCID: PMC3088829 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-010-2044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To prospectively determine the feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with fibre tractography as a tool for the three-dimensional (3D) visualisation of normal pelvic floor anatomy. Methods Five young female nulliparous subjects (mean age 28 ± 3 years) underwent DTI at 3.0T. Two-dimensional diffusion-weighted axial spin-echo echo-planar (SP-EPI) pulse sequence of the pelvic floor was performed, with additional T2-TSE multiplanar sequences for anatomical reference. Fibre tractography for visualisation of predefined pelvic floor and pelvic wall muscles was performed offline by two observers, applying a consensus method. Three eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, λ3), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) were calculated from the fibre trajectories. Results In all subjects fibre tractography resulted in a satisfactory anatomical representation of the pubovisceral muscle, perineal body, anal - and urethral sphincter complex and internal obturator muscle. Mean FA values ranged from 0.23 ± 0.02 to 0.30 ± 0.04, MD values from 1.30 ± 0.08 to 1.73 ± 0.12 × 10−³ mm²/s. Muscular structures in the superficial layer of the pelvic floor could not be satisfactorily identified. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of visualising the complex three-dimensional pelvic floor architecture using 3T-DTI with fibre tractography. DTI of the deep female pelvic floor may provide new insights into pelvic floor disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Zijta
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Sinha U, Sinha S, Hodgson JA, Edgerton RV. Human soleus muscle architecture at different ankle joint angles from magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 110:807-19. [PMID: 21164150 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00923.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The orientation of muscle fibers influences the physiological cross-sectional area, the relationship between fiber shortening and aponeurosis shear, and the total force produced by the muscle. Such architectural parameters are challenging to determine particularly in vivo in multicompartment structures such as the human soleus with a complex arrangement of muscle fibers. The objective of this study was to map the fiber architecture of the human soleus in vivo at rest in both neutral and plantarflexed ankle positions using an MRI-based method of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Six subjects were imaged at 3 Tesla with the foot at rest in the two ankle positions. Eigenvalues, fractional anisotropy (FA), and eigenvector orientations of fibers in the different soleus subcompartments were evaluated after denoising of the diffusion tensor. The fiber architecture from DTI was similar to earlier studies based on a 3D fiber model from cadavers. The three eigenvalues of the diffusion tensor increased by ∼14% on increasing the joint plantarflexion angle in all of the soleus subcompartments, whereas FA showed a trend to decrease in the posterior and marginal soleus and to increase in the anterior soleus. The angle change in the lead eigenvector between the two foot positions was significant: ∼41° for the posterior soleus and ∼48° for the anterior soleus. Fibers tracked from the subcompartments support these changes seen in the eigenvector orientations. DTI-derived, subject-specific, muscle morphological data could potentially be used to model a more complete description of muscle performance and changes from disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Sinha
- Muscle Imaging & Modeling Laboratory, Dept. of Radiology, Univ. of California San Diego, 3510 Dunhill St., San Diego, CA 92121-0852, USA.
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