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Gao J, Yu G, Yan Y, Hu W, Hu D, Wang W, Yang G, Wei J, Yang S. ITIH1 suppresses carcinogenesis in renal cell carcinoma through regulation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:368. [PMID: 39091412 PMCID: PMC11292172 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy of the urinary system. Although traditional therapies, such as surgery assisted with chemotherapy have improved the quality of life and survival time of patients with RCC, patients with metastasis or recurrence benefit little from such therapies. At present, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of RCC, rendering treatment selection and implementation challenging. Therefore, investigating the cause and underlying mechanisms of RCC remain of importance to explore potential new avenues for its treatment. Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 1 (ITIH1) is an inflammation-associated gene reported to suppress the progression of liver cancer. However, its role in RCC remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of ITIH1 in RCC. Based on data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, ITIH1 expression was demonstrated to be significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues, which was in turn negatively associated with the survival of patients with RCC. However, in RCC cells, ITIH1 was shown to be expressed at significantly lower levels compared with those in HK-2 cells. The discrepancy between tissues and cell lines might be due to the different environment of cell growth. ITIH1 knockdown in RCC cells significantly increased cell proliferation and invasion whilst significantly decreasing the apoptosis rate, compared with those in control cells (without ITIH1 knockdown). By contrast, overexpression of ITIH1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in RCC cells. In terms of western blotting results, the phosphorylation levels of NF-κB were significantly increased following ITIH1 knockdown. The protein expression level of IκB significantly decreased whereas that of IKK, Cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and α-smooth muscle actin were significantly increased in ITIH1-knockdown cells, compared with those in the control cells (without ITIH1 knockdown). This suggests that the NF-κB pathway may be activated after ITIH1 knockdown. Following treatment with the NF-κB pathway inhibitor JSH-23 in combination with ITIH1 knockdown, RCC cell proliferation and invasion were significantly reduced compared with those after ITIH1 knockdown alone. In summary, results from the present study suggest that ITIH1 can serve an inhibitory role in the progression of RCC, which could potentially be inhibited through the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Department of General Practice, Xujiahui Community Healthcare Center of Xuhui District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of General Practice, Xujiahui Community Healthcare Center of Xuhui District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of People's Liberation Army, Shanghai 200052, P.R. China
| | - Dayong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P.R. China
| | - Weibing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Guoxian Yang
- Department of General Practice, Xujiahui Community Healthcare Center of Xuhui District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of General Practice, Xujiahui Community Healthcare Center of Xuhui District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
| | - Shiquan Yang
- Department of General Practice, Xujiahui Community Healthcare Center of Xuhui District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200030, P.R. China
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Lin PH, Xu Y, Bali SK, Kim J, Gimeno A, Roberts ET, James D, Almeida NMS, Loganathan N, Fan F, Wilson AK, Jonathan Amster I, Moremen KW, Liu J, Jiménez-Barbero J, Huang X. Solid-Phase-Supported Chemoenzymatic Synthesis and Analysis of Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Glycopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405671. [PMID: 38781001 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs), consisting of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) linked with the core protein through a tetrasaccharide linkage region, play roles in many important biological events. The chemical synthesis of PG glycopeptides is extremely challenging. In this work, the enzymes required for synthesis of chondroitin sulfate (CS) PG (CSPG) have been expressed and the suitable sequence of enzymatic reactions has been established. To expedite CSPG synthesis, the peptide acceptor was immobilized on solid phase and the glycan units were directly installed enzymatically onto the peptide. Subsequent enzymatic chain elongation and sulfation led to the successful synthesis of CSPG glycopeptides. The CS dodecasaccharide glycopeptide was the longest homogeneous CS glycopeptide synthesized to date. The enzymatic synthesis was much more efficient than the chemical synthesis of the corresponding CS glycopeptides, which could reduce the total number of synthetic steps by 80 %. The structures of the CS glycopeptides were confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis and NMR studies. In addition, the interactions between the CS glycopeptides and cathepsin G were studied. The sulfation of glycan chain was found to be important for binding with cathepsin G. This efficient chemoenzymatic strategy opens new avenues to investigate the structures and functions of PGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Semiha Kevser Bali
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Jandi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Ana Gimeno
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CICbioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
| | - Elijah T Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Deepak James
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Nuno M S Almeida
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Narasimhan Loganathan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Fei Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - Angela K Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
| | - I Jonathan Amster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Chemical Glycobiology Lab, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CICbioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 48160, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48009, Spain
- Department of Inorganic & Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, EHU-UPV, Leioa, 48940, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Xuefei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, United States
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Li W, Wang X, An H. Linkage of serum ITIH4 with Th2 signature cytokine, inflammation, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma. Biomark Med 2024; 18:593-602. [PMID: 39011671 PMCID: PMC11370966 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: ITIH4 has anti-inflammatory properties toward eosinophilic/neutrophilic inflammation. This study aimed to explore clinical value of ITIH4 in childhood asthma.Materials & methods: Serum ITIH4 and inflammatory cytokines were determined in 120 childhood asthma patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: In the entire and acute exacerbation patients, ITIH4 positively associated with IFN-γ, but negatively related to proinflammatory cytokines. ITIH4 was lowest in patients with acute exacerbation, followed by chronic persistent, and highest in clinical remission. By receiver-operating characteristic analysis, ITIH4 potentially estimated acute exacerbation asthma risk. Moreover, ITIH4 negatively related to exacerbation severity in acute exacerbation patients.Conclusion: Serum ITIH4 negatively links with Th2 cell signature cytokine, proinflammatory cytokines, exacerbation risk and severity in childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Li
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wang
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
| | - Hong An
- Second Department of Pediatrics, Xingtai People’s Hospital, Xingtai, 054001, Hebei, China
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Tian H, Wang G, Zhong Q, Zhou H. Usability of serum inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 as a biomarker for assessing severity and predicting functional outcome after human aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: A prospective observational cohort study at a single institution. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117679. [PMID: 38000457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) may harbor anti-inflammatory activities. We sought to discern the predictive significance of serum ITIH4 for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and clinical outcomes of human aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). METHODS At a single institution, we performed a prospective and observational cohort study of 148 patients with aSAH and 52 healthy controls. Poststroke six-month extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOSE) score of 1-4 was designated as a poor prognosis. Prognosis associations were verified using multivariate analysis. RESULTS As compared to controls, patients had significantly declined serum ITIH4 concentrations from admission until day 10, with the lowest concentrations at days 1-3 after stroke. Serum ITIH4 concentrations, which were substantially decreased with the increasing Hunt-Hess scores or modified Fisher scores, were independently correlated with the two scores. Moreover, serum ITIH4 concentrations, which were markedly elevated in the order of GOSE scores from 1 to 8, together with Hunt-Hess scores and modified Fisher scores were independently related to GOSE scores and poor prognosis. However, serum ITIH4 concentrations were not independently predictive of DCI. Prediction model of poor prognosis integrating the preceding three variables were delineated using the nomogram, were verified under the calibration curve, and displayed high discriminatory efficiencies under the receiver operating characteristic curve. CONCLUSIONS A significant decline of serum ITIH4 concentrations during the early phase after aSAH was closely related to severity and poor prognosis, assuming that serum ITIH4 may represent a promising prognostic biomarker of aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, People's Republic of China
| | - Genghuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314000, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Z, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Li J, Zhou Y, Wang L. Serum interα-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 may be an anti-inflammatory marker reflecting disease risk, activity and treatment outcome of ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2023; 83:540-547. [PMID: 38156824 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2023.2250986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Interα-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) modulates inflammation and immunity, which take part in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The current research intended to discover the clinical value of serum ITIH4 quantification for AS management. Serum ITIH4 among 80 AS patients before current treatment initiation (baseline) at weeks (W) 4, 8 and 12 after treatment was detected by ELISA. Serum ITIH4 from 20 disease controls (DCs) and 20 healthy controls (HCs) was detected. ITIH4 expression was lower in AS patients than in DCs (p = 0.002) and HCs (p < 0.001). Among AS patients, ITIH4 was negatively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = -0.311, p = 0.005), bath AS disease activity index (BASDAI) (r = -0.223, p = 0.047), total pack pain (r = -0.273, p = 0.014) and AS disease activity score (ASDAS) (CRP) (r = -0.265, p = 0.018). Meanwhile, ITIH4 was negatively related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (r = -0.364, p = 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (r = -0.251, p = 0.025), IL-6 (r = -0.292, p = 0.009) and IL-17A (r = -0.254, p = 0.023). After treatment, the assessment of the spondylitis arthritis international society 40 response rate was 28.7% at W4, 46.3% at W8 and 55.0% at W12; ITIH4 showed an increasing trend from baseline to W12 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ITIH4 at W8 (p = 0.020) and W12 (p = 0.035), but not at baseline or W4 (both p > 0.05), was enhanced in response patients vs. nonresponse patients. Additionally, ITIH4 at W12 was increased in AS patients receiving TNF inhibitors vs. those receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (p = 0.024). Serum ITIH4 increases after treatment, and its augmentation is correlated with lower disease activity, decreased inflammation and enhanced treatment response in AS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhumin Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
| | - Liyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shuyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suqian, P.R. China
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Shentu HS, Chen YH, Cheng ZY, Fu B, Fu YH, Zheng SF, Li C. A Prospective Cohort Study of Inter-Alpha-Trypsin Inhibitor Heavy Chain 4 as a Serologic Marker in Relation to Severity and Functional Outcome of Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2363-2379. [PMID: 37954033 PMCID: PMC10637248 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s433264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) may regulate immunity and inflammation. The current study was conducted to determine its role as a biomarker for reflecting the severity and predicting outcomes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods In this prospective cohort study, 185 patients with supratentorial ICH were enrolled, among whom 62 had blood obtained not only at admission but also on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14. In addition, 62 healthy controls underwent blood collection at the start of the study. The serum ITIH4 levels were then quantified. We recorded early neurological deterioration (END) and poor prognosis (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] scores of 3-6]) six months after ICH. Results Serum ITIH4 levels decreased prominently in the early phase after ICH, continued to decline until day 5, then gradually increased until day 14, and were significantly lower during 14 days in patients than in controls. Serum ITIH4 levels on admission were independently associated with serum C-reactive protein levels, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and hematoma volume. Admission serum ITIH4 levels were independently associated with mRS scores, END, and poor prognosis. No substantial differences existed in the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of END and poor prognosis prediction between the serum ITIH4 levels, NIHSS scores, and hematoma volume. Prediction models, in which serum ITIH4 levels, NIHSS scores, and hematoma volume were integrated, were relatively reliable and stable using a series of statistical methods. In addition, the prediction model of poor prognosis had a higher discriminatory ability than the NIHSS scores and hematoma volume alone. Conclusion A dramatic decline in serum ITIH4 levels during the early period following ICH is independently related to the inflammatory response, stroke severity, and poor neurologic outcomes, suggesting that serum ITIH4 may be a useful prognostic biomarker of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Song Shentu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yu Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Hao Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jinhua, 321000, People’s Republic of China
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Girolamo F, Lim YP, Virgintino D, Stonestreet BS, Chen XF. Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins Modify the Microvasculature after Exposure to Hypoxia-Ischemia and Hypoxia in Neonatal Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6743. [PMID: 37047713 PMCID: PMC10094872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvasculature develops during early brain development. Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and hypoxia (H) predispose to brain injury in neonates. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) attenuate injury to the neonatal brain after exposure to HI. However, the effects of IAIPs on the brain microvasculature after exposure to HI have not been examined in neonates. Postnatal day-7 rats were exposed to sham treatment or right carotid artery ligation and 8% oxygen for 90 min. HI comprises hypoxia (H) and ischemia to the right hemisphere (HI-right) and hypoxia to the whole body, including the left hemisphere (H-left). Human IAIPs (hIAIPs, 30 mg/kg) or placebo were injected immediately, 24 and 48 h after HI/H. The brains were analyzed 72 h after HI/H to determine the effects of hIAIPs on the microvasculature by laminin immunohistochemistry and calculation of (1) the percentage area stained by laminin, (2) cumulative microvessel length, and (3) density of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), which are sensitive indicators of the earliest phases of neo-vascularization/collateralization. hIAIPs mainly affected the percent of the laminin-stained area after HI/H, cumulative vessel length after H but not HI, and TNT density in females but not males. hIAIPs modify the effects of HI/H on the microvasculature after brain injury in neonatal rats and exhibit sex-related differential effects. Our findings suggest that treatment with hIAIPs after exposure to H and HI in neonatal rats affects the laminin content of the vessel basal lamina and angiogenic responses in a sex-related fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Girolamo
- Department of Translational Biomedicines and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02905, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Daniela Virgintino
- Department of Translational Biomedicines and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), University of Bari School of Medicine, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara S. Stonestreet
- Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Xiaodi F. Chen
- Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
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Zhang J, Hu J, Zhao W. Longitudinal Change of Serum Inter-α-Trypsin Inhibitor Heavy Chain H4 and its Relation with Inflammation, Disease Recurrence, and Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2023; 259:221-227. [PMID: 36596502 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) modulates atherosclerosis, lipid, and inflammation, which is involved in the development of acute ischemic stroke. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the longitudinal change and prognostic role of ITIH4 in acute ischemic stroke. In 267 patients with acute ischemic stroke, serum ITIH4 after admission (baseline), the 1st day after admission (D1), D3, D7, and D30, and inflammatory cytokines at baseline were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, serum ITIH4 of 30 controls after enrollment was detected by ELISA. ITIH4 was reduced in acute ischemic stroke patients than controls [median (interquartile range, IQR): 131.0 (95.5-194.3) vs. 418.6 (241.5-506.8) ng/mL] (P < 0.001). Among acute ischemic stroke patients, ITIH4 was negatively associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (r = -0.211, P = 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (r = -0.164, P = 0.007), IL-6 (r = -0.121, P = 0.049), and IL-17A (r = -0.188, P = 0.002). ITIH4 presented a decreased trend from admission to D3, then increased from D3 to D30 (P < 0.001). The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year cumulative recurrence rate was 7.5%, 18.0%, and 19.1%, respectively; meanwhile, 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year cumulative death rate was 2.2%, 7.1%, and 7.1%, accordingly. The further analysis presented that ITIH4 at baseline (P = 0.002), D1 (P = 0.049), D3 (P = 0.003), D7 (P < 0.001), and D30 (P < 0.001) was decreased in recurrent patients than non-recurrent patients; besides, ITIH4 at D3 (P = 0.017), D7 (P = 0.004), and D30 (P = 0.002), but not at baseline (P = 0.151) or D1 (P = 0.013), was decreased in deaths than survivors. Serum ITIH4 declines at first and then elevates with time, and its reduction is correlated with higher inflammation, increased risk of recurrence and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianli Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Jingchun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University
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Zhao X, Guo Y, Li L, Li Y. Longitudinal change of serum inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4, and its correlation with inflammation, multiorgan injury, and death risk in sepsis. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24834. [PMID: 36725250 PMCID: PMC9978082 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4) inhibits infection-induced inflammation and multiorgan injury through several methods. The present study aimed to estimate the association of serum ITIH4 with inflammatory cytokines, multiorgan injury, and death risk in sepsis patients. METHODS Serum samples were collected to detect ITIH4 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 127 sepsis patients at admission (baseline), day (D)1, D3, and D7 after admission, as well as in 30 healthy controls (HCs). Additionally, 28-day mortality was recorded in sepsis patients. RESULTS ITIH4 was reduced in sepsis patients versus HCs (median [interquartile range]: 147.9 [78.2-208.8] vs. 318.8 [237.2-511.4] ng/ml) (p < 0.001). In sepsis patients, ITIH4 was associated with the absence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease history (p = 0.021). Additionally, ITIH4 was negatively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-α (p < 0.001), interleukin (IL)-1β (p < 0.001), IL-6 (p = 0.019), IL-17A (p = 0.002), and C-reactive protein (p = 0.001), but positively related to IL-10 (p = 0.007). Moreover, ITIH4 was also inversely associated with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (p = 0.002), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (p < 0.001), SOFA-respiratory system score (p = 0.023), and SOFA-renal system score (p = 0.007). Interestingly, ITIH4 gradually increased from baseline to D7 (p < 0.001); besides, ITIH4 at baseline (p = 0.009), D1 (p = 0.002), D3 (p < 0.001), and D7 (p = 0.015) were all decreased in sepsis deaths versus sepsis survivors. CONCLUSION Serum ITIH4 is raised from baseline to D7 after disease onset, and it reflects the reduction of systemic inflammation, disease severity, and 28-day mortality for sepsis. However, further verification is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwang Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Third People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Fatmi A, Saadi W, Beltrán-García J, García-Giménez JL, Pallardó FV. The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Neonatal Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:364. [PMID: 36613805 PMCID: PMC9820255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis carries a substantial risk of morbidity and mortality in newborns, especially preterm-born neonates. Endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) is a carbohydrate-rich layer lining the vascular endothelium, with important vascular barrier function and cell adhesion properties, serving also as a mechano-sensor for blood flow. eGC shedding is recognized as a fundamental pathophysiological process generating microvascular dysfunction, which in turn contributes to multiple organ failure and death in sepsis. Although the disruption of eGC and its consequences have been investigated intensively in the adult population, its composition, development, and potential mechanisms of action are still poorly studied during the neonatal period, and more specifically, in neonatal sepsis. Further knowledge on this topic may provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that guide the sepsis pathology during the neonatal period, and would increase the usefulness of endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. We reviewed several components of the eGC that help to deeply understand the mechanisms involved in the eGC disruption during the neonatal period. In addition, we evaluated the potential of eGC components as biomarkers and future targets to develop therapeutic strategies for neonatal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Fatmi
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria
| | - Jesús Beltrán-García
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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11
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Wu S, Di S, Liu T, Shi Y. Emerging prediction methods for early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:985219. [PMID: 36186788 PMCID: PMC9523100 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.985219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease of the digestive system that occurs in the neonatal period. NEC is difficult to diagnose early and the prognosis is poor. Previous studies have reported that abnormalities can be detected before the presentation of clinical symptoms. Based on an analysis of literature related to the early prediction of NEC, we provide a detailed review on the early prediction and diagnosis methods of NEC, including ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy, biomarkers, and intestinal microbiota. This review aimed to provide a reference for further research and clinical practice.
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12
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Nishibori M. Novel aspects of sepsis pathophysiology: NETs, plasma glycoproteins, endotheliopathy and COVID-19. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 150:9-20. [PMID: 35926948 PMCID: PMC9197787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016, sepsis was newly defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis remains one of the crucial medical problems to be solved worldwide. Although the world health organization has made sepsis a global health priority, there remain no specific and effective therapy for sepsis so far. Indeed, over the previous decades almost all attempts to develop novel drugs have failed. This may be partly ascribable to the multifactorial complexity of the septic cascade and the resultant difficulties of identifying drug targets. In addition, there might still be missing links among dysregulated host responses in vital organs. In this review article, recent advances in understanding of the complex pathophysiology of sepsis are summarized, with a focus on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), the significant role of NETs in thrombosis/embolism, and the functional roles of plasma proteins, histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) and inter-alpha-inhibitor proteins (IAIPs). The specific plasma proteins that are markedly decreased in the acute phase of sepsis may play important roles in the regulation of blood cells, vascular endothelial cells and coagulation. The accumulating evidence may provide us with insights into a novel aspect of the pathophysiology of sepsis and septic ARDS, including that in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishibori
- Department of Translational Research and Drug Development, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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13
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Jiang J, Zhao J, Wang Y, Liu D, Zhang M. Urine inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor family‐related proteins may serve as biomarkers for disease activity of lupus. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24622. [PMID: 35870194 PMCID: PMC9459346 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple tissues. Inter‐Alpha‐Trypsin Inhibitor (ITI) family proteins have a role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, but their possible clinical significance in the SLE patients has not been reported. The aim of this study was to analyze and verify the expression of ITI‐related proteins in the urine of SLE patients, further explore the features of these proteins in disease activity. Methods Based on label‐free proteomics technology and bioinformatics technology, we analyzed the expression of ITI family‐related proteins in the urine of lupus. Subsequently, Western‐blot and targeted proteomics were used to qualitatively and quantitatively verify the expression of these proteins, respectively. Results A total of seven ITI family‐related proteins were screened and identified; and six of these proteins were differentially expressed in the urine of SLE patients. Further quantitative analysis showed that the expressions of ITIH2, ECM1, and ITIH5 in urine between active SLE group and stable SLE group were consistent with the preliminary screening results. The expression of ITIH2 and ECM1 in the renal damage group were also consistent with the screening results. Moreover, ITIH2 and ECM1 have a good correlation with disease activity and have a certain correlation with renal damage. Conclusions In this exploratory study, we evaluated the expression of ITI family‐related proteins in the urine of SLE and found that urine ITIH2 and ECM1 were closely related to SLE activity, especially kidney damage, providing an experimental basis for further exploration of the potential roles in monitoring lupus and lupus nephritis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Dan Liu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
| | - Man Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine Beijing China
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urinary Cellular Molecular Diagnostics Beijing China
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14
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Feng Q, Xia W, Dai G, Lv J, Yang J, Liu D, Zhang G. The Aging Features of Thyrotoxicosis Mice: Malnutrition, Immunosenescence and Lipotoxicity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864929. [PMID: 35720307 PMCID: PMC9201349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of aging is mainly the increase of age-related diseases, and elderly patients have longer hospitalization and worse prognosis. Poorer nutritional status and immunosenescence may be predisposing and severe factors. The mechanism of the high incidence of diseases and poor prognosis behind aging is complex. Finding suitable aging models is of great significance to find strategies to prevent aging related events. In this study, the relationship between thyrotoxicosis and aging was investigated in mice. The results of routine blood tests and flow cytometry showed that immunosenescence occurred in thyrotoxicosis mice, which was characterized by a significant decrease in neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+IFN-γ+ lymphocytes. Biochemical examination results showed that there were hypocholesterolemia, hypolipoproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia in thyrotoxicosis mice. Serum proteomics analysis showed that the downregulation of complement and coagulation proteins was another manifestation of declined immunity. Moreover, proteomics analysis showed that many downregulated proteins were related to homeostasis, mainly transport proteins. Their downregulation led to the disturbance of osmotic pressure, ion homeostasis, vitamin utilization, lipid transport, hyaluronic acid processing, and pH maintenance. Serum metabolomics analysis provided more detailed evidence of homeostasis disturbance, especially lipid metabolism disorder, including the downregulation of cholesterol, vitamin D, bile acids, docosanoids, and the upregulation of glucocorticoids, triglycerides, sphingolipids, and free fatty acids. The upregulated lipid metabolites were related to lipotoxicity, which might be one cause of immunosenescence and many aging related syndromes. This study provides evidence for the aging model of thyrotoxicosis mice, which can be used for exploring anti-aging drugs and strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Guoxin Dai
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jingang Lv
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
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15
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He K, He S, Su M. Inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4: A serologic marker relating to disease risk, activity, and treatment outcomes of rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24231. [PMID: 35064701 PMCID: PMC8906037 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Inter‐alpha‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 (ITIH4) regulates immunity and inflammation, but its clinical role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients remains unclear. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the association of circulating ITIH4 with disease risk, clinical features, inflammatory cytokines, and treatment outcomes of RA. Methods After the enrollment of 93 active RA patients and 50 health controls (HCs), their serum ITIH4 level was analyzed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For RA patients only, serum ITIH4 level at week (W) 6 and W12 after treatment was also analyzed. Besides, serum tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17A at baseline of RA patients were also detected by ELISA. Results ITIH4 was downregulated in RA patients (151.1 (interquartile range (IQR): 106.2–213.5) ng/mL) than in HCs (306.8 (IQR: 238.9–435.1) ng/mL) (p < 0.001). Furthermore, ITIH4 was negatively related to C‐reactive protein (CRP) (rs = −0.358, p < 0.001) and 28‐joint disease activity score using erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28‐ESR) (rs = −0.253, p = 0.014) in RA patients, but not correlated with other clinical features (all p > 0.05). Besides, ITIH4 was negatively linked with TNF‐α (rs = −0.337, p = 0.001), IL‐6 (rs = −0.221, p = 0.033), and IL‐17A (rs = −0.368, p < 0.001) in RA patients, but not correlated with IL‐1β (rs = −0.195, p = 0.061). Moreover, ITIH4 was gradually elevated in RA patients from baseline to W12 after treatment (p < 0.001). Additionally, the increment of ITIH4 at W6 and W12 was linked with treatment response and remission in RA patients (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Circulating ITIH4 possesses clinical utility in monitoring disease risk, inflammation, disease activity, and treatment outcomes of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejian He
- Department of Rheumatology The First College of Clinical Medical Science Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People’s Hospital Yichang China
| | - Sanshan He
- Department of Rheumatism Immunology Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University Enshi China
| | - Min Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The People’s Hospital of China Three Gorges UniversityThe First People’s Hospital of YichangThe Institute of Autoimmune Disease of China Three Gorges University Hubei China
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16
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Garantziotis S. Modulation of hyaluronan signaling as a therapeutic target in human disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:107993. [PMID: 34587477 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is an active participant, modulator and mediator of the cell, tissue, organ and organismal response to injury. Recent research has highlighted the role of hyaluronan, an abundant glycosaminoglycan constituent of the extracellular matrix, in many fundamental biological processes underpinning homeostasis and disease development. From this basis, emerging studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of strategies which target hyaluronan synthesis, biology and signaling, with significant promise as therapeutics for a variety of inflammatory and immune diseases. This review summarizes the state of the art in this field and discusses challenges and opportunities in what could emerge as a new class of therapeutic agents, that we term "matrix biologics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Garantziotis
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
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17
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Völlmy F, van den Toorn H, Zenezini Chiozzi R, Zucchetti O, Papi A, Volta CA, Marracino L, Vieceli Dalla Sega F, Fortini F, Demichev V, Tober-Lau P, Campo G, Contoli M, Ralser M, Kurth F, Spadaro S, Rizzo P, Heck AJ. A serum proteome signature to predict mortality in severe COVID-19 patients. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:e202101099. [PMID: 34226277 PMCID: PMC8321673 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we recorded serum proteome profiles of 33 severe COVID-19 patients admitted to respiratory and intensive care units because of respiratory failure. We received, for most patients, blood samples just after admission and at two more later time points. With the aim to predict treatment outcome, we focused on serum proteins different in abundance between the group of survivors and non-survivors. We observed that a small panel of about a dozen proteins were significantly different in abundance between these two groups. The four structurally and functionally related type-3 cystatins AHSG, FETUB, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and KNG1 were all more abundant in the survivors. The family of inter-α-trypsin inhibitors, ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3, and ITIH4, were all found to be differentially abundant in between survivors and non-survivors, whereby ITIH1 and ITIH2 were more abundant in the survivor group and ITIH3 and ITIH4 more abundant in the non-survivors. ITIH1/ITIH2 and ITIH3/ITIH4 also showed opposite trends in protein abundance during disease progression. We defined an optimal panel of nine proteins for mortality risk assessment. The prediction power of this mortality risk panel was evaluated against two recent COVID-19 serum proteomics studies on independent cohorts measured in other laboratories in different countries and observed to perform very well in predicting mortality also in these cohorts. This panel may not be unique for COVID-19 as some of the proteins in the panel have previously been annotated as mortality markers in aging and in other diseases caused by different pathogens, including bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Völlmy
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk van den Toorn
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Riccardo Zenezini Chiozzi
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ottavio Zucchetti
- Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Respiratory Section, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy and Respiratory Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo Alberto Volta
- Department of Translational Medicine University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy and Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Marracino
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technology of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - Vadim Demichev
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK
- The University of Cambridge, Department of Biochemistry and Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pinkus Tober-Lau
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Respiratory Section, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy and Respiratory Disease Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Markus Ralser
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Biochemistry, Berlin, Germany
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London, UK
| | - Florian Kurth
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- National Phenome Centre and Imperial Clinical Phenotyping Centre, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Savino Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medicine University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy and Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Department of Translational Medicine and Laboratory for Technology of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Albert Jr Heck
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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18
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Nishibori M, Stonestreet BS. Understanding of COVID-19 Pathology: Much More Attention to Plasma Proteins. Front Immunol 2021; 12:656099. [PMID: 33841442 PMCID: PMC8024577 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.656099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nishibori
- Department of Pharmacology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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19
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Huang X, Hu Z, Yue X, Cui Y, Cui J. Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Critically Ill Patients with Urosepticemia and the Imaging Analysis of the Severity of the Disease. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:6659435. [PMID: 33688422 PMCID: PMC7914102 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6659435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Urine sepsis is a complex inflammatory response of the body to infection with a high fatality rate. It is one of the main causes of death in noncardiovascular intensive care units. Nevertheless, in daily clinical practice, early sepsis is often not detected. In this paper, discharged cases of urinary sepsis from the Department of Urology and Critical Care Medicine of a university hospital were collected as the observation group, and common urinary tract infection cases were selected as the control group. We sorted and summarized the discharged case information of the observation group and the control group. The results of the study showed that, after renal pelvis perfusion, the expression of HMGB1 protein and mRNA increased, and the expression of TLR4 increased; inhibiting HMGB1 can reduce the expression of inflammatory factors caused by perfusion and reduce the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages caused by perfusion. In addition, r HMGB1 treatment can promote the expression of inflammatory factors caused by perfusion and aggravate the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages caused by perfusion. We found that inhibition of HMGB1 can inhibit the expression of TLR4/My D88 signaling molecules and r HMGB1 treatment can enhance the expression of TLR4/My D88 signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Zongjun Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Xi Yue
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jiwen Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine Neurosurgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Wanzhou, Chongqing 404000, China
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20
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Chatterton DEW, Aagaard S, Hesselballe Hansen T, Nguyen DN, De Gobba C, Lametsch R, Sangild PT. Bioactive proteins in bovine colostrum and effects of heating, drying and irradiation. Food Funct 2021; 11:2309-2327. [PMID: 32108849 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bovine colostrum (BC) contains bioactive proteins, such as immunoglobulin G (IgG), lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase (LP). BC was subjected to low-temperature, long-time pasteurization (LTLT, 63 °C, 30 min) or high-temperature, short-time pasteurization (HTST, 72 °C, 15 s) and spray-drying (SD), with or without γ-irradiation (GI, ∼14 kGy) to remove microbial contamination. Relative to unpasteurized liquid BC, SD plus GI increased protein denaturation by 6 and 11%, respectively, increasing to 19 and 27% after LTLT and to 48% after HTST, with no further effects after GI (all P < 0.05). LTLT, without or with GI, resulted in 15 or 29% denaturation of IgG, compared with non-pasteurized BC, and 34 or 58% for HTST treatment (all P < 0.05, except LTLT without GI). For IgG, only GI, not SD or LTLT, increased denaturation (30-38%, P < 0.05) but HTST increased denaturation to 40%, with further increases after GI (60%, P < 0.05). LTLT and HTST reduced LP levels (56 and 81% respectively) and LTLT reduced LF levels (21%), especially together with GI (47%, P < 0.05). Denaturation of BSA, β-LgA, β-LgB and α-La were similar to IgG. Methionine, a protective amino acid against free oxygen radicals, was oxidised by LTLT + GI (P < 0.05) while LTLT and HTST had no effect. Many anti-inflammatory proteins, including serpin anti-proteinases were highly sensitive to HTST and GI but preserved after LTLT pasteurization. LTLT, followed by SD is an optimal processing technique preserving bioactive proteins when powdered BC is used as a diet supplement for sensitive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasha Aagaard
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark. and Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Denmark
| | | | - Duc Ninh Nguyen
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Denmark
| | - Cristian De Gobba
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark.
| | - René Lametsch
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-1958, Denmark.
| | - Per T Sangild
- Comparative Pediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Denmark
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21
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Dolmatova EV, Wang K, Mandavilli R, Griendling KK. The effects of sepsis on endothelium and clinical implications. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:60-73. [PMID: 32215570 PMCID: PMC7810126 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Sepsis accounts for nearly 700 000 deaths in Europe annually and is caused by an overwhelming host response to infection resulting in organ failure. The endothelium is an active contributor to sepsis and as such represents a major target for therapy. During sepsis, endothelial cells amplify the immune response and activate the coagulation system. They are both a target and source of inflammation and serve as a link between local and systemic immune responses. In response to cytokines produced by immune cells, the endothelium expresses adhesion molecules and produces vasoactive compounds, inflammatory cytokines, and chemoattractants, thus switching from an anticoagulant to procoagulant state. These responses contribute to local control of infection, but systemic activation can lead to microvascular thrombosis, capillary permeability, hypotension, tissue hypoxia, and ultimately tissue damage. This review focuses on the role of the endothelium in leucocyte adhesion and transmigration as well as production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, microRNAs and cytokines, formation of signalling microparticles, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. We also discuss alterations in endothelial permeability and apoptosis. Finally, we review the diagnostic potential of endothelial markers and endothelial pathways as therapeutic targets for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V Dolmatova
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Keke Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rohan Mandavilli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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22
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Koehn LM, Chen X, Logsdon AF, Lim YP, Stonestreet BS. Novel Neuroprotective Agents to Treat Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9193. [PMID: 33276548 PMCID: PMC7731124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a major cause of brain injury and mortality in neonates. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) predisposes infants to long-term cognitive deficits that influence their quality of life and place a large burden on society. The only approved treatment to protect the brain after HI is therapeutic hypothermia, which has limited effectiveness, a narrow therapeutic time window, and is not considered safe for treatment of premature infants. Alternative or adjunctive therapies are needed to improve outcomes of full-term and premature infants after exposure to HI. Inter-alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) are immunomodulatory molecules that are proposed to limit the progression of neonatal inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis. Inflammation exacerbates neonatal HIE and suggests that IAIPs could attenuate HI-related brain injury and improve cognitive outcomes associated with HIE. Recent studies have shown that intraperitoneal treatment with IAIPs can decrease neuronal and non-neuronal cell death, attenuate glial responses and leukocyte invasion, and provide long-term behavioral benefits in neonatal rat models of HI-related brain injury. The present review summarizes these findings and outlines the remaining experimental analyses necessary to determine the clinical applicability of this promising neuroprotective treatment for neonatal HI-related brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam M. Koehn
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
| | - Xiaodi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
| | - Aric F. Logsdon
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Barbara S. Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02905, USA; (L.M.K.); (X.C.)
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23
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Lazrak A, Song W, Zhou T, Aggarwal S, Jilling T, Garantziotis S, Matalon S. Hyaluronan and halogen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and lung injury. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1479:29-43. [PMID: 32578230 PMCID: PMC7680259 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl2 ) and bromine (Br2 ) are produced in large quantities throughout the world and used in the industry and the sanitation of water. These halogens can pose a significant threat to public health when released into the atmosphere during transportation and industrial accidents, or as acts of terrorism. In this review, we discuss the evidence showing that the activity of Cl2 and Br2 , and of products formed by their interaction with biomolecules, fragment high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA), a key component of the interstitial space and present in epithelial cells, to form proinflammatory, low-molecular-weight hyaluronan fragments that increase intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) and activate RAS homolog family member A (RhoA) in airway smooth muscle and epithelial and microvascular cells. These changes result in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine and increase epithelial and microvascular permeability. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ is the result of the activation of the calcium-sensing receptor by Cl2 , Br2 , and their by-products. Posthalogen administration of a commercially available form of HMW-HA to mice and to airway cells in vitro reverses the increase of Ca2+ and the activation of RhoA, and restores AHR to near-normal levels of airway function. These data have established the potential of HMW-HA to be a countermeasure against Cl2 and Br2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Lazrak
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Weifeng Song
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ting Zhou
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Matrix Biology Group, Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, NIH/NIEHS, RTP, NC
| | - Sadis Matalon
- Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL
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24
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Lord MS, Melrose J, Day AJ, Whitelock JM. The Inter-α-Trypsin Inhibitor Family: Versatile Molecules in Biology and Pathology. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:907-927. [PMID: 32639183 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420940067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor (IαI) family members are ancient and unique molecules that have evolved over several hundred million years of vertebrate evolution. IαI is a complex containing the proteoglycan bikunin to which heavy chain proteins are covalently attached to the chondroitin sulfate chain. Besides its matrix protective activity through protease inhibitory action, IαI family members interact with extracellular matrix molecules and most notably hyaluronan, inhibit complement, and provide cell regulatory functions. Recent evidence for the diverse roles of the IαI family in both biology and pathology is reviewed and gives insight into their pivotal roles in tissue homeostasis. In addition, the clinical uses of these molecules are explored, such as in the treatment of inflammatory conditions including sepsis and Kawasaki disease, which has recently been associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, Northern, Sydney University, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research and Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Cell-Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - John M Whitelock
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Stem Cell Extracellular Matrix & Glycobiology, Wolfson Centre for Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering and Modelling, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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25
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Briggs DC, Langford-Smith AWW, Birchenough HL, Jowitt TA, Kielty CM, Enghild JJ, Baldock C, Milner CM, Day AJ. Inter-α-inhibitor heavy chain-1 has an integrin-like 3D structure mediating immune regulatory activities and matrix stabilization during ovulation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5278-5291. [PMID: 32144206 PMCID: PMC7170535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-α-inhibitor is a proteoglycan essential for mammalian reproduction and also plays a less well-characterized role in inflammation. It comprises two homologous "heavy chains" (HC1 and HC2) covalently attached to chondroitin sulfate on the bikunin core protein. Before ovulation, HCs are transferred onto the polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) to form covalent HC·HA complexes, thereby stabilizing an extracellular matrix around the oocyte required for fertilization. Additionally, such complexes form during inflammatory processes and mediate leukocyte adhesion in the synovial fluids of arthritis patients and protect against sepsis. Here using X-ray crystallography, we show that human HC1 has a structure similar to integrin β-chains, with a von Willebrand factor A domain containing a functional metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS) and an associated hybrid domain. A comparison of the WT protein and a variant with an impaired MIDAS (but otherwise structurally identical) by small-angle X-ray scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that HC1 self-associates in a cation-dependent manner, providing a mechanism for HC·HA cross-linking and matrix stabilization. Surprisingly, unlike integrins, HC1 interacted with RGD-containing ligands, such as fibronectin, vitronectin, and the latency-associated peptides of transforming growth factor β, in a MIDAS/cation-independent manner. However, HC1 utilizes its MIDAS motif to bind to and inhibit the cleavage of complement C3, and small-angle X-ray scattering-based modeling indicates that this occurs through the inhibition of the alternative pathway C3 convertase. These findings provide detailed structural and functional insights into HC1 as a regulator of innate immunity and further elucidate the role of HC·HA complexes in inflammation and ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Briggs
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander W W Langford-Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Holly L Birchenough
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A Jowitt
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Cay M Kielty
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline M Milner
- Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony J Day
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Division of Cell-Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
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26
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Garantziotis S, Matalon S. Sugarcoating Lung Injury: A Novel Role for High-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronan in Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:1197-1198. [PMID: 31461631 PMCID: PMC6857491 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201908-1554ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Garantziotis
- National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesResearch Triangle Park, North Carolinaand
| | - Sadis Matalon
- University of Alabama in BirminghamBirmingham, Alabama
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27
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Phillips RA, Kraev I, Lange S. Protein Deimination and Extracellular Vesicle Profiles in Antarctic Seabirds. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E15. [PMID: 31936359 PMCID: PMC7168935 DOI: 10.3390/biology9010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pelagic seabirds are amongst the most threatened of all avian groups. They face a range of immunological challenges which seem destined to increase due to environmental changes in their breeding and foraging habitats, affecting prey resources and exposure to pollution and pathogens. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers for the assessment of their health status is of considerable importance. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) post-translationally convert arginine into citrulline in target proteins in an irreversible manner. PAD-mediated deimination can cause structural and functional changes in target proteins, allowing for protein moonlighting in physiological and pathophysiological processes. PADs furthermore contribute to the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play important roles in cellular communication. In the present study, post-translationally deiminated protein and EV profiles of plasma were assessed in eight seabird species from the Antarctic, representing two avian orders: Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels) and Charadriiformes (waders, auks, gulls and skuas). We report some differences between the species assessed, with the narrowest EV profiles of 50-200 nm in the northern giant petrel Macronectes halli, and the highest abundance of larger 250-500 nm EVs in the brown skua Stercorarius antarcticus. The seabird EVs were positive for phylogenetically conserved EV markers and showed characteristic EV morphology. Post-translational deimination was identified in a range of key plasma proteins critical for immune response and metabolic pathways in three of the bird species under study; the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans, south polar skua Stercorarius maccormicki and northern giant petrel. Some differences in Gene Ontology (GO) biological and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for deiminated proteins were observed between these three species. This indicates that target proteins for deimination may differ, potentially contributing to a range of physiological functions relating to metabolism and immune response, as well as to key defence mechanisms. PAD protein homologues were identified in the seabird plasma by Western blotting via cross-reaction with human PAD antibodies, at an expected 75 kDa size. This is the first study to profile EVs and to identify deiminated proteins as putative novel plasma biomarkers in Antarctic seabirds. These biomarkers may be further refined to become useful indicators of physiological and immunological status in seabirds-many of which are globally threatened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK;
| | - Igor Kraev
- Electron Microscopy Suite, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK;
| | - Sigrun Lange
- Tissue Architecture and Regeneration Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
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