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Koros C, Bougea A, Simitsi AM, Papagiannakis N, Angelopoulou E, Pachi I, Antonelou R, Bozi M, Stamelou M, Stefanis L. The Landscape of Monogenic Parkinson's Disease in Populations of Non-European Ancestry: A Narrative Review. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2097. [PMID: 38003040 PMCID: PMC10671808 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There has been a bias in the existing literature on Parkinson's disease (PD) genetics as most studies involved patients of European ancestry, mostly in Europe and North America. Our target was to review published research data on the genetic profile of PD patients of non-European or mixed ancestry. METHODS We reviewed articles published during the 2000-2023 period, focusing on the genetic status of PD patients of non-European origin (Indian, East and Central Asian, Latin American, sub-Saharan African and Pacific islands). RESULTS There were substantial differences regarding monogenic PD forms between patients of European and non-European ancestry. The G2019S Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutation was rather scarce in non-European populations. In contrast, East Asian patients carried different mutations like p.I2020T, which is common in Japan. Parkin (PRKN) variants had a global distribution, being common in early-onset PD in Indians, in East Asians, and in early-onset Mexicans. Furthermore, they were occasionally present in Black African PD patients. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and PD protein 7 (DJ-1) variants were described in Indian, East Asian and Pacific Islands populations. Glucocerebrosidase gene variants (GBA1), which represent an important predisposing factor for PD, were found in East and Southeast Asian and Indian populations. Different GBA1 variants have been reported in Black African populations and Latin Americans. CONCLUSIONS Existing data reveal a pronounced heterogeneity in the genetic background of PD. A number of common variants in populations of European ancestry appeared to be absent or scarce in patients of diverse ethnic backgrounds. Large-scale studies that include genetic screening in African, Asian or Latin American populations are underway. The outcomes of such efforts will facilitate further clinical studies and will possibly contribute to the identification of either new pathogenic mutations in already described genes or novel PD-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koros
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Papagiannakis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Ioanna Pachi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Roubina Antonelou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
| | - Maria Bozi
- Dafni Psychiatric Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece;
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (A.M.S.); (N.P.); (E.A.); (I.P.); (R.A.); (L.S.)
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Aghazadeh N, Beilankouhi EAV, Fakhri F, Gargari MK, Bahari P, Moghadami A, Khodabandeh Z, Valilo M. Involvement of heat shock proteins and parkin/α-synuclein axis in Parkinson's disease. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11061-11070. [PMID: 36097120 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurological diseases, next only to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in terms of prevalence. It afflicts about 2-3% of individuals over 65 years old. The etiology of PD is unknown and several environmental and genetic factors are involved. From a pathological point of view, PD is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which causes the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) (a component of Lewy bodies), which subsequently interact with heat shock proteins (HSPs), leading to apoptosis. Apoptosis is a vital pathway for establishing homeostasis in body tissues, which is regulated by pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors. Recent findings have shown that HSPs, especially HSP27 and HSP70, play a pivotal role in regulating apoptosis by influencing the factors involved in the apoptosis pathway. Moreover, it has been reported that the expression of these HSPs in the nervous system is high. Apart from this finding, investigations have suggested that HSP27 and HSP70 (related to parkin) show a potent protective and anti-apoptotic impact against the damaging outcomes of mutant α-syn toxicity to nerve cells. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between these HSPs and apoptosis in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Aghazadeh
- Department of biology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farima Fakhri
- Research Institute for Neuroscience, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Morad Kohandel Gargari
- Faculty of Medicine, Imamreza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parisa Bahari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Moghadami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zhila Khodabandeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Valilo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Storey CL, Williams RSB, Fisher PR, Annesley SJ. Dictyostelium discoideum: A Model System for Neurological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030463. [PMID: 35159273 PMCID: PMC8833889 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of neurological disorders is increasing due to population growth and extended life expectancy. Despite advances in the understanding of these disorders, curative strategies for treatment have not yet eventuated. In part, this is due to the complexities of the disorders and a lack of identification of their specific underlying pathologies. Dictyostelium discoideum has provided a useful, simple model to aid in unraveling the complex pathological characteristics of neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and lissencephaly. In addition, D. discoideum has proven to be an innovative model for pharmaceutical research in the neurological field. Scope of review: This review describes the contributions of D. discoideum in the field of neurological research. The continued exploration of proteins implicated in neurological disorders in D. discoideum may elucidate their pathological roles and fast-track curative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Louise Storey
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
| | - Robin Simon Brooke Williams
- Centre for Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Paul Robert Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
| | - Sarah Jane Annesley
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia; (C.L.S.); (P.R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-394-791-412
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Lin RR, Tao QQ, Wu ZY. Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease and Brain Iron Accumulation Caused by a Novel Homozygous DJ-1 Mutation. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:813-819. [PMID: 35124661 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-213033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1 mutations are rare causes of autosomal recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease (AR-EOPD) and relatively rarely reported in the Chinese population. Here, we used the whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing to investigate DJ-1 mutations in the Chinese population and confirmed the pathogenicity of the mutation using primary fibroblasts established from skin biopsies. We identified a novel homozygous mutation (c.390delA, p.D131Tfs*3) in DJ-1 in a consanguineous Chinese family. The proband in this family had parkinsonism at the age of 22. His brain MRI indicated brain iron accumulation in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. The novel mutation caused DJ-1 protein deficiency, led to mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibited cell proliferation, and anti-oxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rong Lin
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Tao
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in Second Affiliated Hospital, and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Clinical Study of 668 Indian Subjects with Juvenile, Young, and Early Onset Parkinson's Disease. Can J Neurol Sci 2021; 49:93-101. [PMID: 33685545 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2021.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the demographic pattern of juvenile-onset parkinsonism (JP, <20 years), young-onset (YOPD, 20-40 years), and early onset (EOPD, 40-50 years) Parkinson's disease (PD) in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a 2-year, pan-India, multicenter collaborative study to analyze clinical patterns of JP, YOPD, and EOPD. All patients under follow-up of movement disorders specialists and meeting United Kingdom (UK) Brain Bank criteria for PD were included. RESULTS A total of 668 subjects (M:F 455:213) were recruited with a mean age at onset of 38.7 ± 8.1 years. The mean duration of symptoms at the time of study was 8 ± 6 years. Fifteen percent had a family history of PD and 13% had consanguinity. JP had the highest consanguinity rate (53%). YOPD and JP cases had a higher prevalence of consanguinity, dystonia, and gait and balance issues compared to those with EOPD. In relation to nonmotor symptoms, panic attacks and depression were more common in YOPD and sleep-related issues more common in EOPD subjects. Overall, dyskinesias were documented in 32.8%. YOPD subjects had a higher frequency of dyskinesia than EOPD subjects (39.9% vs. 25.5%), but they were first noted later in the disease course (5.7 vs. 4.4 years). CONCLUSION This large cohort shows differing clinical patterns in JP, YOPD, and EOPD cases. We propose that cutoffs of <20, <40, and <50 years should preferably be used to define JP, YOPD, and EOPD.
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Zhao Y, Qin L, Pan H, Liu Z, Jiang L, He Y, Zeng Q, Zhou X, Zhou X, Zhou Y, Fang Z, Wang Z, Xiang Y, Yang H, Wang Y, Zhang K, Zhang R, He R, Zhou X, Zhou Z, Yang N, Liang D, Chen J, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Liu H, Deng P, Xu K, Xu K, Zhou C, Zhong J, Xu Q, Sun Q, Li B, Zhao G, Wang T, Chen L, Shang H, Liu W, Chan P, Xue Z, Wang Q, Guo L, Wang X, Xu C, Zhang Z, Chen T, Lei L, Zhang H, Wang C, Tan J, Yan X, Shen L, Jiang H, Zhang Z, Hu Z, Xia K, Yue Z, Li J, Guo J, Tang B. The role of genetics in Parkinson's disease: a large cohort study in Chinese mainland population. Brain 2020; 143:2220-2234. [PMID: 32613234 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the mutational spectrum of familial Parkinson's disease and sporadic early-onset Parkinson's disease (sEOPD) in a mainland Chinese population and the clinical features of mutation carriers. We performed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assays and whole-exome sequencing for 1676 unrelated patients with Parkinson's disease in a mainland Chinese population, including 192 probands from families with autosomal-recessive Parkinson's disease, 242 probands from families with autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease, and 1242 sEOPD patients (age at onset ≤ 50). According to standards and guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 23 known Parkinson's disease-associated genes occurred more frequently in the autosomal-recessive Parkinson's disease cohort (65 of 192, 33.85%) than in the autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease cohort (10 of 242, 4.13%) and the sEOPD cohort (57 of 1242, 4.59%), which leads to an overall molecular diagnostic yield of 7.88% (132 of 1676). We found that PRKN was the most frequently mutated gene (n = 83, 4.95%) and present the first evidence of an SNCA duplication and LRRK2 p.N1437D variant in mainland China. In addition, several novel pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants including LRRK2 (p.V1447M and p.Y1645S), ATP13A2 (p.R735X and p.A819D), FBXO7 (p.G67E), LRP10 (c.322dupC/p.G109Rfs*51) and TMEM230 (c.429delT/p.P144Qfs*2) were identified in our cohort. Furthermore, the age at onset of the 132 probands with genetic diagnoses (median, 31.5 years) was about 14.5 years earlier than that of patients without molecular diagnoses (i.e. non-carriers, median 46.0 years). Specifically, the age at onset of Parkinson's disease patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in ATP13A2, PLA2G6, PRKN, or PINK1 was significantly lower than that of non-carriers, while the age at onset of carriers with other gene pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants was similar to that of non-carriers. The clinical spectrum of Parkinson's disease-associated gene carriers in this mainland Chinese population was similar to that of other populations. We also detected 61 probands with GBA possibly pathogenic variants (3.64%) and 59 probands with GBA p.L444P (3.52%). These results shed insight into the genetic spectrum and clinical manifestations of Parkinson's disease in mainland China and expand the existing repertoire of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants involved in known Parkinson's disease-associated genes. Our data highlight the importance of genetic testing in Parkinson's disease patients with age at onset < 40 years, especially in those from families with a recessive inheritance pattern, who may benefit from early diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lixia Qin
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yangjie Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhenghuan Fang
- Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yaqin Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Honglan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yige Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kailin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Runcheng He
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Nannan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Dongxiao Liang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xuxiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Penghui Deng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Chaojun Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Junfei Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Bin Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Guihu Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurobiology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.,Parkinson's Disease Center, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450047, China
| | - Changshui Xu
- Department of Neurology, Henan provincial people's hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Neurology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Lifang Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hainan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jinchen Li
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,Centre for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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7
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Jiang Y, Yu M, Chen J, Zhou H, Sun W, Sun Y, Li F, Wei L, Pinkhardt EH, Zhang L, Yuan Y, Wang Z. Parkin is the most common causative gene in a cohort of mainland Chinese patients with sporadic early-onset Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01765. [PMID: 32677319 PMCID: PMC7507393 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic mutations associated with early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) vary widely among different ethnicities. We detected the genes associated with EOPD in a Chinese cohort using next-generation sequencing (NGS) combined with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and analyzed the phenotypic characteristics of the mutation carriers. METHODS Cohort of 23 sporadic EOPD patients (onset age ≤ 45 years) were recruited. Genetic causes were identified by a targeted NGS panel containing 136 known extrapyramidal disease-causative genes. Multiplications or deletions of PD-causing genes were detected using the MLPA method. Demographic and clinical data were obtained, analyzed, and compared between patients with and those without Parkin gene variants. RESULTS We identified 14 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (12 in Parkin, 1 in LRRK2, and 1 in VPS13C) in 10 patients (43.5%) and 8 rare variants of uncertain significance in 9 patients (39.1%). Parkin (34.8%) was the most common causative gene among our patients cohort, and exon deletion (62.5%) was the main type of variant. Patients with Parkin mutations had a younger age of onset, longer delay in diagnosis, slower disease progression, higher frequency of hyperreflexia, fatigue, and less hyposmia compared to patients without Parkin mutations. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a higher prevalence of Parkin mutations in Chinese sporadic EOPD patients, and notably, exon deletion was the most common type of mutation. EOPD patients with Parkin mutations showed unique clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunchuang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Luhua Wei
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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8
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Chen H, Jin YH, Xue YY, Chen YL, Chen YJ, Tao QQ, Wu ZY. Novel ATP13A2 and PINK1 variants identified in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease by whole-exome sequencing. Neurosci Lett 2020; 733:135075. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Zhang Y, Shu L, Sun Q, Pan H, Guo J, Tang B. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Association Between SNCA Polymorphisms and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:391. [PMID: 30410434 PMCID: PMC6209653 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Various studies have reported associations between synuclein alpha (SNCA) polymorphisms and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. However, the results are inconsistent. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of the associations between SNCA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and PD risk in overall populations and subpopulations by ethnicity. Methods: Standard meta-analysis was conducted according to our protocol with a cutoff point of p < 0.05. To find the most relevant SNCA SNPs, we used a cutoff point of p < 1 × 10−5 in an analysis based on the allele model. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we divided the overall populations into five ethnic groups. We conducted further analysis on the most relevant SNPs using dominant and recessive models to identify the contributions of heterozygotes and homozygotes regarding each SNP. Results: In our comprehensive meta-analysis, 24,075 cases and 22,877 controls from 36 articles were included. We included 16 variants in the meta-analysis and found 12 statistically significant variants with p < 0.05. After narrowing down the variants using the p < 1 × 10−5 cutoff, in overall populations, seven SNPs increased the risk of PD (rs2736990, rs356220, rs356165, rs181489, rs356219, rs11931074, and rs2737029, with odds ratios [ORs] of 1.22–1.38) and one SNP decreased the risk (rs356186, with an OR of 0.77). In the East Asian group, rs2736990 and rs11931074 increased the risk (with ORs of 1.22–1.34). In the European group, five SNPs increased the risk (rs356219, rs181489, rs2737029, rs356165, and rs11931074, with ORs of 1.26–1.37) while one SNP decreased the risk (rs356186, with an OR of 0.77). The heterozygotes and homozygotes contributed differently depending on the variant. Conclusions: In summary, we found eight SNCA SNPs associated with PD risk, which had obvious differences between ethnicities. Seven SNPs increased the risk of PD and one SNP decreased the risk in the overall populations. In the East Asian group, rs2736990 and rs11931074 increased the risk. In the European group, rs356219, rs181489, rs2737029, rs356165, and rs11931074 increased the risk while rs356186 decreased the risk. Variants with the highest ORs and allele frequencies in our analysis should be given priority when carrying out genetic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Shu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Parkinson's Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Shanghai, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Shanghai, China.,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Shi Y, Kawakami H, Zang W, Li G, Zhang J, Xu C. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the PARK2 gene identified in a Chinese pedigree with early-onset Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2018; 8:e00901. [PMID: 29568695 PMCID: PMC5853629 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTS To capture point mutations and short insertions/deletions in 49 previously reported genes associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) in a Chinese pedigree with early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)-affected individuals. METHODS Clinical examinations and genomic analysis were performed on 21 subjects belonging to three generations of a Chinese family. Target region capture and high-throughput sequencing were used for screening 49 genes, which were previously reported to be associated with PD. The direct Sanger sequencing method in all subjects further verified the abnormal DNA fragments in the PARK2 gene. RESULTS Four family members, including a mother (I-1) and her three children (II-2, II-3, and II-7), were diagnosed with PD by clinical manifestations and/or PET/CT imaging analyses. Novel compound heterozygous mutations, consisting of a fragment deletion in exon 1 to 2 (EX 1-2 del) and a splicing point mutation c.619-1 (G > C) in the 6th intron of the PARK2 gene, were identified in II-2, II-3, and II-7. Individual EX 1-2 del or c.619-1 (G > C) mutations were detected in I-1 and the third generation (III-2, 3, 5, 10, and 11).Other mutations were not detected in the 49 known PD-associated genes. CONCLUSION Novel compound heterozygous mutations were identified in a Chinese pedigree and might represent a cause of familial EOPD with autosomal dominant inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Shi
- Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital Zhengzhou China
| | - Hideshi Kawakami
- Department of Epidemiology Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
| | - Weizhou Zang
- Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital Zhengzhou China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital Zhengzhou China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital Zhengzhou China
| | - Changshui Xu
- Department of Neurology Henan Provincial People's Hospital Zhengzhou China
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11
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Kasten M, Marras C, Klein C. Nonmotor Signs in Genetic Forms of Parkinson's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 133:129-178. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Copy number variability in Parkinson's disease: assembling the puzzle through a systems biology approach. Hum Genet 2016; 136:13-37. [PMID: 27896429 PMCID: PMC5214768 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder of aging, was long believed to be a non-genetic sporadic origin syndrome. The proof that several genetic loci are responsible for rare Mendelian forms has represented a revolutionary breakthrough, enabling to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying this debilitating still incurable condition. While single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and small indels constitute the most commonly investigated DNA variations accounting for only a limited number of PD cases, larger genomic molecular rearrangements have emerged as significant PD-causing mutations, including submicroscopic Copy Number Variations (CNVs). CNVs constitute a prevalent source of genomic variations and substantially participate in each individual’s genomic makeup and phenotypic outcome. However, the majority of genetic studies have focused their attention on single candidate-gene mutations or on common variants reaching a significant statistical level of acceptance. This gene-centric approach is insufficient to uncover the genetic background of polygenic multifactorial disorders like PD, and potentially masks rare individual CNVs that all together might contribute to disease development or progression. In this review, we will discuss literature and bioinformatic data describing the involvement of CNVs on PD pathobiology. We will analyze the most frequent copy number changes in familiar PD genes and provide a “systems biology” overview of rare individual rearrangements that could functionally act on commonly deregulated molecular pathways. Assessing the global genome-wide burden of CNVs in PD patients may reveal new disease-related molecular mechanisms, and open the window to a new possible genetic scenario in the unsolved PD puzzle.
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13
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Shulskaya MV, Shadrina MI, Fedotova EY, Abramycheva NY, Limborska SA, Illarioshkin SN, Slominsky PA. Second mutation in PARK2 is absent in patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease and heterozygous exonic deletions/duplications in parkin gene. Int J Neurosci 2016; 127:781-784. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1255612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina V. Shulskaya
- Department of Molecular Basics of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria I. Shadrina
- Department of Molecular Basics of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Yu. Fedotova
- Department of Neurogenetics, Federal State Scientific Institution ‘Scientific Center of Neurology’, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya Yu. Abramycheva
- Department of Neurogenetics, Federal State Scientific Institution ‘Scientific Center of Neurology’, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Department of Molecular Basics of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey N. Illarioshkin
- Department of Neurogenetics, Federal State Scientific Institution ‘Scientific Center of Neurology’, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr A. Slominsky
- Department of Molecular Basics of Human Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Barber IS, Braae A, Clement N, Patel T, Guetta-Baranes T, Brookes K, Medway C, Chappell S, Guerreiro R, Bras J, Hernandez D, Singleton A, Hardy J, Mann DM, Morgan K. Mutation analysis of sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease using the NeuroX array. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 49:215.e1-215.e8. [PMID: 27776828 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have screened sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease (sEOAD, n = 408) samples using the NeuroX array for known causative and predicted pathogenic variants in 16 genes linked to familial forms of neurodegeneration. We found 2 sEOAD individuals harboring a known causative variant in PARK2 known to cause early-onset Parkinson's disease; p.T240M (n = 1) and p.Q34fs delAG (n = 1). In addition, we identified 3 sEOAD individuals harboring a predicted pathogenic variant in MAPT (p.A469T), which has previously been associated with AD. It is currently unknown if these variants affect susceptibility to sEOAD, further studies would be needed to establish this. This work highlights the need to screen sEOAD individuals for variants that are more classically attributed to other forms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelda S Barber
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Anne Braae
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Naomi Clement
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tulsi Patel
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Tamar Guetta-Baranes
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keeley Brookes
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher Medway
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sally Chappell
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dena Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David M Mann
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- School of Life Sciences, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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15
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A customized high-resolution array-comparative genomic hybridization to explore copy number variations in Parkinson's disease. Neurogenetics 2016; 17:233-244. [PMID: 27637465 PMCID: PMC5566182 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-016-0494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, was long believed to be a non-genetic sporadic syndrome. Today, only a small percentage of PD cases with genetic inheritance patterns are known, often complicated by reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. The few well-characterized Mendelian genes, together with a number of risk factors, contribute to the major sporadic forms of the disease, thus delineating an intricate genetic profile at the basis of this debilitating and incurable condition. Along with single nucleotide changes, gene-dosage abnormalities and copy number variations (CNVs) have emerged as significant disease-causing mutations in PD. However, due to their size variability and to the quantitative nature of the assay, CNV genotyping is particularly challenging. For this reason, innovative high-throughput platforms and bioinformatics algorithms are increasingly replacing classical CNV detection methods. Here, we report the design strategy, development, validation and implementation of NeuroArray, a customized exon-centric high-resolution array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) tailored to detect single/multi-exon deletions and duplications in a large panel of PD-related genes. This targeted design allows for a focused evaluation of structural imbalances in clinically relevant PD genes, combining exon-level resolution with genome-wide coverage. The NeuroArray platform may offer new insights in elucidating inherited potential or de novo structural alterations in PD patients and investigating new candidate genes.
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16
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Erer S, Egeli U, Zarifoglu M, Tezcan G, Cecener G, Tunca B, Ak S, Demirdogen E, Kenangil G, Kaleagası H, Dogu O, Saka E, Elibol B. Mutation analysis of the PARKIN, PINK1, DJ1, and SNCA genes in Turkish early-onset Parkinson's patients and genotype-phenotype correlations. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2016; 148:147-53. [PMID: 27455133 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Variations in PARK genes (PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, and SNCA) cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) in different populations. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the frequencies of variations in PARK genes and the effects of these variations on the phenotypes of Turkish EOPD patients. METHODS All coding regions and exon-intron boundaries of the PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, and SNCA genes were screened by heteroduplex analysis followed by direct sequencing of the detected variants in 50 Turkish EOPD patients. These variants were evaluated using SIFT, PolyPhen, HSF, and LOVD web-based programs. RESULTS The frequency of EOPD-associated variations in the PRKN gene was 34%. Among these variations, p.A82E in exon 3 and p.Q409X in exon 11 was determined to be pathogenic. We also defined previously unknown cryptic variations, including c.872-35 G>A and c.872-28T>G in exon 8 of PRKN and c.252+30 T>G and c.322+4 A>G in exons 4 and 5 of DJ1, respectively, that were associated with EOPD. Although no significant association was observed between the PARK gene mutations and clinical features (P>0.05), the alterations were related to the clinical symptoms in each patient. CONCLUSION An increasing number of studies report that PRKN, PINK1, DJ1 and SNCA mutations are associated with early-onset Parkinson's disease; however, a limited number of studies have been conducted in Turkey. Additionally, our study is the first to evaluate the frequency of SNCA mutations in a Turkish population. The aim of this study was determine the frequency distributions of the PRKN, PINK1, DJ1, and SNCA gene mutations and to analyze the relationships between these genetic variations and the clinical phenotype of EOPD in Turkish patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Erer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Unal Egeli
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Zarifoglu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulsah Cecener
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Secil Ak
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Elif Demirdogen
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical Faculty, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gulay Kenangil
- Erenkoy Traning and Research hospital for neurologic and psychiatric disease, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Kaleagası
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Okan Dogu
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Esen Saka
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent Elibol
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Levin L, Srour S, Gartner J, Kapitansky O, Qutob N, Dror S, Golan T, Dayan R, Brener R, Ziv T, Khaled M, Schueler-Furman O, Samuels Y, Levy C. Parkin Somatic Mutations Link Melanoma and Parkinson's Disease. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:369-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Oczkowska A, Florczak-Wyspianska J, Permoda-Osip A, Owecki M, Lianeri M, Kozubski W, Dorszewska J. Analysis of PRKN Variants and Clinical Features in Polish Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Curr Genomics 2016; 16:215-23. [PMID: 27006626 PMCID: PMC4765516 DOI: 10.2174/1389202916666150326002549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unclear, but mutations in PRKN have provided some biological insights. The role of PRKN mutations and other genetic variation in determining the clinical features of PD remains unresolved. The aim of the study was to analyze PRKN mutations in PD and controls in the Polish population and to try to correlate between the presence of genetic variants and clinical features. We screened for PRKN mutations in 90 PD patients and 113 controls and evaluated clinical features in these patients. We showed that in the Polish population 4% of PD patients had PRKN mutations (single or with additional polymorphism) while single heterozygous polymorphisms (S167N, E310D, D394N) of PRKN were present in 21% of sporadic PD. Moreover, 5% PD patients had more than one PRKN change (polymorphisms and mutations). Detected PRKN variants moderately correlated with PD course and response to L-dopa. It also showed that other PARK genes (SNCA, HTRA2, SPR) mutations probably may additionally influence PD risk and clinical features. PRKN variants are relatively common in our Polish series of patients with PD. Analysis of the PRKN gene may be useful in determining clinical phenotype, and helping with diagnostic and prognostic procedures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Oczkowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St. 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | | | | | - Michal Owecki
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Margarita Lianeri
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St. 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego St. 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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19
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Exon dosage analysis of parkin gene in Chinese sporadic Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 2015; 604:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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20
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Chu MK, Kim WC, Choi JM, Hong JH, Kang SY, Ma HI, Kim YJ. Analysis of Dosage Mutation in PARK2 among Korean Patients with Early-Onset or Familial Parkinson's Disease. J Clin Neurol 2014; 10:244-8. [PMID: 25045378 PMCID: PMC4101102 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose There is some controversy regarding heterozygous mutations of the gene encoding parkin (PARK2) as risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), and all previous studies have been performed in non-Asian populations. Dosage mutation of PARK2, rather than a point mutation or small insertion/deletion mutation, was reported to be a risk factor for familial PD; dosage mutation of PARK2 is common in Asian populations. Methods We performed a gene-dosage analysis of PARK2 using real-time polymerase chain reaction for 189 patients with early-onset PD or familial PD, and 191 control individuals. In the case of PD patients with heterozygous gene-dosage mutation, we performed a sequencing analysis to exclude compound heterozygous mutations. The association between heterozygous mutation of PARK2 and PD was tested. Results We identified 22 PD patients with PARK2 mutations (11.6%). Five patients (2.6%) had compound heterozygous mutations, and 13 patients (6.9%) had a heterozygous mutation. The phase could not be determined in one patient. Three small sequence variations were found in 30 mutated alleles (10.0%). Gene-dosage mutation accounted for 90% of all of the mutations found. The frequency of a heterozygous PARK2 gene-dosage mutation was higher in PD patients than in the controls. Conclusions Heterozygous gene-dosage mutation of PARK2 is a genetic risk factor for patients with early-onset or familial PD in Koreans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Won Chan Kim
- Department of Neurology, CHA University College of Medicine, Pocheon, Korea
| | - Jung Mi Choi
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Hong
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Suk Yun Kang
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyeo-Il Ma
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yun Joong Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea. ; Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea. ; Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea
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21
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Luo Q, Yang X, Yao Y, Li H, Wang Y. T313M polymorphism of the PINK1 gene in Parkinson's disease. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:286-290. [PMID: 24944636 PMCID: PMC4061194 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association between T313M polymorphism at exon 4 of the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene and Parkinson’s disease (PD) in the Uygur and Han populations of Xinjiang, China. Genetic DNA was extracted from 364 patients with PD from the Uygur and Han populations, as well as 346 normal control patients. Four exons of the PINK1 gene were amplified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The exons were then digested for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Gene types and allele frequencies were identified using agarose gel electrophoresis followed by DNA sequencing to analyze the T313M polymorphisms. In the Han population, T313M polymorphism allele frequency was observed to be significantly different between the PD group and the control group (χ2=6.247; P<0.05). Significant differences were observed in in the T313M allele and genotype frequencies between the Uygur and Han populations (χ2=5.475 and χ2=10.950, respectively; P<0.05). Polymorphisms in the PINK1 T313M mutation may be associated with genetic susceptibility to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Luo
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Xinling Yang
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Yani Yao
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
| | - Hongjuan Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Wang
- Department of VIP Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
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Oczkowska A, Kozubski W, Lianeri M, Dorszewska J. Mutations in PRKN and SNCA Genes Important for the Progress of Parkinson's Disease. Curr Genomics 2014; 14:502-17. [PMID: 24532983 PMCID: PMC3924246 DOI: 10.2174/1389202914666131210205839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Revised: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Parkinson’s disease (PD) was first described almost 200 years ago, it remains an incurable disease
with a cause that is not fully understood. Nowadays it is known that disturbances in the structure of pathological proteins
in PD can be caused by more than environmental and genetic factors. Despite numerous debates and controversies in the
literature about the role of mutations in the SNCA and PRKN genes in the pathogenesis of PD, it is evident that these
genes play a key role in maintaining dopamine (DA) neuronal homeostasis and that the dysfunction of this homeostasis is
relevant to both familial (FPD) and sporadic (SPD) PD with different onset. In recent years, the importance of alphasynuclein
(ASN) in the process of neurodegeneration and neuroprotective function of the Parkin is becoming better understood.
Moreover, there have been an increasing number of recent reports indicating the importance of the interaction between
these proteins and their encoding genes. Among others interactions, it is suggested that even heterozygous substitution
in the PRKN gene in the presence of the variants +2/+2 or +2/+3 of NACP-Rep1 in the SNCA promoter, may increase
the risk of PD manifestation, which is probably due to ineffective elimination of over-expressed ASN by the mutated
Parkin protein. Finally, it seems that genetic testing may be an important part of diagnostics in patients with PD and may
improve the prognostic process in the course of PD. However, only full knowledge of the mechanism of the interaction
between the genes associated with the pathogenesis of PD is likely to help explain the currently unknown pathways of selective
damage to dopaminergic neurons in the course of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Oczkowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kozubski
- Chair and Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Margarita Lianeri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jolanta Dorszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Chai C, Lim KL. Genetic insights into sporadic Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Curr Genomics 2014; 14:486-501. [PMID: 24532982 PMCID: PMC3924245 DOI: 10.2174/1389202914666131210195808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive research over the last 15 years has led to the identification of several autosomal recessive and dominant
genes that cause familial Parkinson’s disease (PD). Importantly, the functional characterization of these genes has
shed considerable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the etiology and pathogenesis of PD. Collectively;
these studies implicate aberrant protein and mitochondrial homeostasis as key contributors to the development of PD, with
oxidative stress likely acting as an important nexus between the two pathogenic events. Interestingly, recent genome-wide
association studies (GWAS) have revealed variations in at least two of the identified familial PD genes (i.e. α-synuclein
and LRRK2) as significant risk factors for the development of sporadic PD. At the same time, the studies also uncovered
variability in novel alleles that is associated with increased risk for the disease. Additionally, in-silico meta-analyses of
GWAS data have allowed major steps into the investigation of the roles of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions
in sporadic PD. The emergent picture from the progress made thus far is that the etiology of sporadic PD is multi-factorial
and presumably involves a complex interplay between a multitude of gene networks and the environment. Nonetheless,
the biochemical pathways underlying familial and sporadic forms of PD are likely to be shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou Chai
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore ; Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore ; Neurodegeneration Research Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
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Incidence of mutations in the PARK2, PINK1, PARK7 genes in Polish early-onset Parkinson disease patients. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2013; 47:319-24. [PMID: 23986421 DOI: 10.5114/ninp.2013.36756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex disease, comprising genetic and environmental factors. Despite the vast majority of sporadic cases, three genes, i.e. PARK2, PINK1 and PARK7 (DJ-1), have been identified as responsible for the autosomal recessive form of early-onset Parkinson disease (EO-PD). Identified changes of these genes are homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations. The frequency of PARK2, PINK1 and PARK7 mutations is still under debate, as is the significance and pathogenicity of the single heterozygous mutations/variants, which are also detected among PD patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence of autosomal recessive genes PARK2, PINK1, PARK7 mutations in Polish EO-PD patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysis of the PARK2, PINK1 and PARK7 genes was performed in a group of 150 Polish EO-PD patients (age of onset < 45 years). Mutation analysis was based on sequencing and gene dosage abnormality identification. RESULTS Mutations were identified only in the PARK2 and PINK1 genes with the frequency of 4.7% and 2.7% of subjects, respectively. In PARK2, point mutations and exons' rearrangements, and in PINK1 only missense mutations were detected. In both genes mutations were found as compound heterozygous/homozygous and single heterozygous. EO-PD patients' genotype-phenotype correlation revealed similarities of clinical features in mutation carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of the PARK2, PINK1, PARK7 mutations among Polish EO-PD patients seems to be low. The role of single heterozygous mutations remains a matter of debate and needs further investigations.
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Klepac N, Habek M, Adamec I, Barušić AK, Bach I, Margetić E, Lušić I. An update on the management of young-onset Parkinson's disease. Degener Neurol Neuromuscul Dis 2013; 2:53-62. [PMID: 30890879 PMCID: PMC6065598 DOI: 10.2147/dnnd.s34251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In the text that follows, we review the main clinical features, genetic characteristics, and treatment options for Parkinson's disease (PD), considering the age at onset. The clinical variability between patients with PD points at the existence of subtypes of the disease. Identification of subtypes is important, since a focus on homogenous group may lead to tailored treatment strategies. One of the factors that determine variability of clinical features of PD is age of onset. Young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as parkinsonism starting between the ages of 21 and 40. YOPD has a slower disease progression and a greater incidence and earlier appearance of levodopa-induced motor complications; namely, motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Moreover, YOPD patients face a lifetime of a progressive disease with gradual worsening of quality of life and their expectations are different from those of their older counterparts. Knowing this, treatment plans and management of symptoms must be paid careful attention to in order to maintain an acceptable quality of life in YOPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Klepac
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Mario Habek
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Ivan Adamec
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Anabella Karla Barušić
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Ivo Bach
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,
| | - Eduard Margetić
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical University Hospital Zagreb, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivo Lušić
- Department of Neurology, Clinical University Hospital, Medical School, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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Zuo L, Motherwell MS. The impact of reactive oxygen species and genetic mitochondrial mutations in Parkinson's disease. Gene 2013; 532:18-23. [PMID: 23954870 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The exact pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unknown and proper mechanisms that correspond to the disease remain unidentified. It is understood that PD is age-related; as age increases, the chance of onset responds accordingly. Although there are no current means of curing PD, the understanding of reactive oxygen species (ROS) provides significant insight to possible treatments. Complex I deficiencies of the respiratory chain account for the majority of unfavorable neural apoptosis generation in PD. Dopaminergic neurons are severely damaged as a result of the deficiency. Symptoms such as inhibited cognitive ability and loss of smooth motor function are the results of such impairment. The genetic mutations of Parkinson's related proteins such as PINK1 and LRRK2 contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction which precedes ROS formation. Various pathways are inhibited by these mutations, and inevitably causing neural cell damage. Antioxidants are known to negate the damaging effects of free radical overexpression. This paper expands on the specific impact of mitochondrial genetic change and production of free radicals as well as its correlation to the neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zuo
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA; Radiologic Sciences and Respiratory Therapy Division, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Sun SY, An CN, Pu XP. DJ-1 protein protects dopaminergic neurons against 6-OHDA/MG-132-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Brain Res Bull 2012; 88:609-16. [PMID: 22664331 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, and it cannot be completely cured by current medications. In this study, DJ-1 protein was administrated into medial forebrain bundle of PD model rats those had been microinjected with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) or MG-132. We found that DJ-1 protein could reduce apomorphine-induced rotations, inhibit reduction of dopamine contents and tyrosine hydroxylase levels in the striatum, and decrease dopaminergic neuron death in the substantia nigra. In 6-OHDA lesioned rats, uncoupling protein-4, uncoupling protein-5 and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) mRNA and SOD2 protein were increased when DJ-1 protein was co-injected. Simultaneously, administration of DJ-1 protein reduced α-synuclein and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α mRNA and α-synuclein protein in MG-132 lesioned rats. Therefore, DJ-1 protein protected dopaminergic neurons in two PD model rats by increasing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting α-synuclein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Tian JY, Tang BS, Shi CH, Lv ZY, Li K, Yu RL, Shen L, Yan XX, Guo JF. Analysis of PLA2G6 gene mutation in sporadic early-onset parkinsonism patients from Chinese population. Neurosci Lett 2012; 514:156-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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