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Zhou Y, Li Q, Wang Z, Zhang Y. High Efficiency Regeneration System from Blueberry Leaves and Stems. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010242. [PMID: 36676191 PMCID: PMC9861610 DOI: 10.3390/life13010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The main propagation approach is tissue culture in blueberries, and tissue culture is an effective and low-cost method with higher economic efficiency in blueberries. However, there is a lack of stable and efficient production systems of industrialization of tissue culture in blueberries. In this study, the high-efficiency tissue culture and rapid propagation technology system were established based on blueberry leaves and stems. The optimal medium for callus induction was WPM (woody plant medium) containing 2.0 mg/L Forchlorfenuron (CPPU), 0.2 mg/L 2-isopentenyladenine (2-ip) with a 97% callus induction rate and a callus differentiation rate of 71% by using blueberry leaves as explants. The optimal secondary culture of the leaf callus medium was WPM containing 3.0 mg/L CPPU with an increment coefficient of 24%. The optimal bud growth medium was WPM containing 1.0 mg/L CPPU, 0.4 mg/L 2-ip, with which the growth of the bud was better, stronger and faster. The optimal rooting medium was 1/2 Murashige and Skoog (1/2MS) medium containing 2.0 mg/L naphthylacetic acid (NAA), with which the rooting rate was 90% with shorter rooting time and more adventitious root. In addition, we established a regeneration system based on blueberry stems. The optimal preculture medium in blueberry stem explants was MS medium containing 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES) containing 0.2 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.1 mg/L CPPU, 100 mg/L NaCl, with which the germination rate of the bud was 93%. The optimal medium for fast plant growth was MS medium containing MES containing 0.4 mg/L zeatin (ZT), 1 mg/L putrescine, 1 mg/L spermidine, 1 mg/L spermidine, which had a good growth state and growth rate. The optimal cultivation for plantlet growth was MS medium containing MES containing 0.5 mg/L isopentene adenine, with which the plantlet was strong. The optimal rooting medium for the stem was 1/2MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L NAA, with which the rooting rate was 93% with a short time and more adventitious root. In conclusion, we found that stem explants had higher regeneration efficiency for a stable and efficient production system of industrialization of tissue culture. This study provides theoretical guidance and technical support in precision breeding and standardization and industrialization in the blueberry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyan Zhou
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qing Li
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zejia Wang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Correspondence:
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Reski R, Reynolds S, Wehe M, Kleber-Janke T, Kruse S. Moss (Physcomitrella patens) Expressed Sequence Tags Include Several Sequences which are Novel for Plants*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1998.tb00689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lang EGE, Mueller SJ, Hoernstein SNW, Porankiewicz-Asplund J, Vervliet-Scheebaum M, Reski R. Simultaneous isolation of pure and intact chloroplasts and mitochondria from moss as the basis for sub-cellular proteomics. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2011; 30:205-15. [PMID: 20960201 PMCID: PMC3020298 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-010-0935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2010] [Revised: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The moss Physcomitrella patens is increasingly being used as a model for plant systems biology studies. While genomic and transcriptomic resources are in place, tools and experimental conditions for proteomic studies need to be developed. In the present study we describe a rapid and efficient protocol for the simultaneous isolation of chloroplasts and mitochondria from moss protonema. Routinely, 60-100 μg mitochondrial and 3-5 mg chloroplast proteins, respectively, were obtained from 20 g fresh weight of green moss tissue. Using 14 plant compartment marker antibodies derived from seed plant and algal protein sequences, respectively, the evolutionary conservation of the compartment marker proteins in the moss was demonstrated and purity and intactness of the extracted organelles confirmed. This isolation protocol and these validated compartment markers may serve as basis for sub-cellular proteomics in P. patens and other mosses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika G. E. Lang
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Initiative for Systems Biology (FRISYS), University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie J. Mueller
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 19A, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian N. W. Hoernstein
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Marco Vervliet-Scheebaum
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Initiative for Systems Biology (FRISYS), University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Initiative for Systems Biology (FRISYS), University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 19A, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Chang IF, Chen PJ, Shen CH, Hsieh TJ, Hsu YW, Huang BL, Kuo CI, Chen YT, Chu HA, Yeh KW, Huang LC. Proteomic profiling of proteins associated with the rejuvenation of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. Proteome Sci 2010; 8:64. [PMID: 21143964 PMCID: PMC3022872 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-8-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Restoration of rooting competence is important for rejuvenation in Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl and is achieved by repeatedly grafting Sequoia shoots after 16 and 30 years of cultivation in vitro. Results Mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis revealed three proteins that differentially accumulated in different rejuvenation stages, including oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2 (OEE2), glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (RNP), and a thaumatin-like protein. OEE2 was found to be phosphorylated and a phosphopeptide (YEDNFDGNSNVSVMVpTPpTDK) was identified. Specifically, the protein levels of OEE2 increased as a result of grafting and displayed a higher abundance in plants during the juvenile and rejuvenated stages. Additionally, SsOEE2 displayed the highest expression levels in Sequoia shoots during the juvenile stage and less expression during the adult stage. The expression levels also steadily increased during grafting. Conclusion Our results indicate a positive correlation between the gene and protein expression patterns of SsOEE2 and the rejuvenation process, suggesting that this gene is involved in the rejuvenation of Sequoia sempervirens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing-Feng Chang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Jen Chen
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Hui Shen
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Wen Hsu
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Bau-Lian Huang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-I Kuo
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-An Chu
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wun Yeh
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Huang
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Chloroplasts are the co-evolution product of three different genetic compartments. This review compiles reports about bacteria and various photosynthetically active eukaryotes that challenge our current view on the structure of chloroplasts. It highlights their structurally dynamic nature and their differences in various groups of the Archaeplastida. Based on these reports, it argues in favor of an evolutionary view on bacterial as well as on plastid cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Suppanz I, Sarnighausen E, Reski R. An integrated physiological and genetic approach to the dynamics of FtsZ targeting and organisation in a moss, Physcomitrella patens. PROTOPLASMA 2007; 232:1-9. [PMID: 18094924 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-007-0284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Accepted: 07/15/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant FtsZ (filamentous temperature-sensitive Z) proteins are regarded as descendants of prokaryotic cell division proteins. We could show previously that four FtsZ isoforms of the moss Physcomitrella patens assemble into, and interact in, distinct structures inside the chloroplasts and in the cytosol. Their organisation and localisation patterns indicate an involvement in chloroplast and cell division and in the maintenance of chloroplast shape and integrity. The cellular processes of chloroplast division and maintenance of chloroplast shape were disturbed either by application of the beta-lactam antibiotic ampicillin or by a mutation that presumably affects signal transduction of the plant hormone cytokinin. When cells of these plants were analysed microscopically, there was no indication that cytosolic functions of FtsZ proteins were affected. Furthermore, FtsZ proteins continued to build three-dimensional plastoskeleton networks, even in considerably enlarged or malformed chloroplasts. On the other hand, macrochloroplast formation promoted the localisation of FtsZ proteins in filaments that emanate from the plastids and, therefore, most likely represent stromules. Annular FtsZ structures that are regarded as essential components of the division apparatus were absent from macrochloroplasts of ampicillin-treated cells. Thus, the distribution of FtsZ proteins after inhibition of chloroplast division further strengthens our hypothesis on the functions of distinct isoforms. In addition, the results provide further insight into the regulation of protein targeting and dynamics of plastoskeletal elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Suppanz
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Ishtiaq CM, He Q, Huang JP, Wang Y, Xiao PG, Yi YC. Biosystematics and plant proteomics: role of proteomics in plant phylogenetic analysis. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:3487-96. [PMID: 19093454 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.3487.3496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Since time immemorial, systematics has played significant role in every sphere of life. Biosystematics has evolved from folk taxonomy towards natural classification system and then culminated into homology based classification system. A good systematic approach is practical and predictive of phylogenetics of taxa incorporating different data. The morphological, chemical and molecular (genomics and proteomics) informations are used to explore the exact inter-relationship among the organisms. Proteomics is an essential and inevitable aspect in plant biology which can help in deciphering the functions of the genes that are or will be sequenced. Proteomics has proved to be a good tool in characterisation of individual lines and genetic distances among the genera, species, subspecies, verities and populations describing their phylogenetic interrelationships. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) is the major technique being applied for polypeptide characterization of each taxon for exploring phylogenetic or physiological relationships among organs, tissues or organisms. Moreover, proteomics can lead to unraveling the natural phenomena of plants development and their response to changing environment. These proteomic derived informations and their application in phylogenetic studies can be useful in agro-biotechnology development for better yield and safe use of food and medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Muhammad Ishtiaq
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310028, People's Republic of China
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Heintz D, Erxleben A, High AA, Wurtz V, Reski R, Van Dorsselaer A, Sarnighausen E. Rapid alteration of the phosphoproteome in the moss Physcomitrella patens after cytokinin treatment. J Proteome Res 2006; 5:2283-93. [PMID: 16944940 DOI: 10.1021/pr060152e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin hormones are crucial regulators of a large number of processes in plant development. Recently, significant progress has been made toward the elucidation of the molecular details of cytokinin that has led to a model for signal transduction involving a phosphorylation cascade. However, the current knowledge of cytokinin action remains largely unknown and does not explain the different roles of this hormone. To gain further insights into this aspect of cytokinin action and the inducible phosphorelay, we have produced the first large-scale map of a phosphoproteome in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Using a protocol that we recently published (Heintz, D.; et al. Electrophoresis 2004, 25, 1149-1159) that combines IMAC, MALDI-TOF-MS, and LC-MS/MS, a total of 172 phosphopeptide sequences were obtained by a peptide de novo sequencing strategy. Specific P. patens EST and raw genomic databases were interrogated, and protein homology searches resulted in the identification of 112 proteins that were then classified into functional categories. In addition, the temporal dynamics of the phosphoproteome in response to cytokinin stimulation was studied at 2, 4, 6, and 15 min after hormone addition. We identified 13 proteins that were not previously known targets of cytokinin action. Among the responsive proteins, some were involved in metabolism, and several proteins of unknown function were also identified. We have mapped the time course of their activation in response to cytokinin and discussed their hypothetical biological significance. Deciphering these early induced phosphorylation events has shown that the cytokinin effect can be rapid (few minutes), and the duration of this effect can be variable. Also phosphorylation events can be differentially regulated. Taken together our proteomic study provides an enriched look of the multistep phosphorelay system mediating cytokinin response and suggests the existence of a multidirectional interaction between cytokinin and numerous other pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Heintz
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, CNRS, ECPM, Université Louis Pasteur, 25 rue Becquerel F67087, Strasbourg, Cedex 2, France.
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Srivastava S, Rahman MH, Shah S, Kav NNV. Constitutive expression of the pea ABA-responsive 17 (ABR17) cDNA confers multiple stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2006; 4:529-49. [PMID: 17309728 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2006.00201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The constitutive expression of the pea ABR17 (abscisic acid-responsive 17) cDNA, which is a member of the group 10 family of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR 10), in Arabidopsis thaliana is reported. The presence of ABR17 transcripts and the protein in the three transgenic lines is demonstrated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and two-dimensional electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Three independently derived transgenic lines containing ABR17 germinated better in the presence of salt, cold temperature or both. Furthermore, the transgenic plants also exhibited enhanced tolerance to freezing temperature, suggesting the potential utility of the ABR17 gene to engineer multiple stress tolerance. In order to obtain insights into the mechanism underlying ABR17-mediated stress tolerance, we have compared the proteome of a transgenic line with that of its wild-type counterpart. Several proteins were observed to be significantly altered in the transgenic line, including some with a role(s) in photosynthesis, stress tolerance and the regulation of gene expression. Our findings are discussed within the context of available genes to engineer multiple stress tolerance as well as the biological activities of the ABR17 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeva Srivastava
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2P5
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Yaronskaya E, Vershilovskaya I, Poers Y, Alawady AE, Averina N, Grimm B. Cytokinin effects on tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and photosynthetic activity in barley seedlings. PLANTA 2006; 224:700-9. [PMID: 16506064 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-006-0249-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2005] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin promotes morphological and physiological processes including the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway during plant development. Only a few steps of chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis, exerting the phytohormonal influence, have been individually examined. We performed a comprehensive survey of cytokinin action on the regulation of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis with etiolated and greening barley seedlings. Protein contents, enzyme activities and tetrapyrrole metabolites were analyzed for highly regulated metabolic steps including those of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) biosynthesis and enzymes at the branch point for protoporphyrin IX distribution to Chl and heme. Although levels of the two enzymes of ALA synthesis, glutamyl-tRNA reductase and glutamate 1-semialdehyde aminotransferase, were elevated in dark grown kinetin-treated barley seedlings, the ALA synthesis rate was only significantly enhanced when plant were exposed to light. While cytokinin do not stimulatorily affect Fe-chelatase activity and heme content, it promotes activities of the first enzymes in the Mg branch, Mg protoporphyrin IX chelatase and Mg protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase, in etiolated seedlings up to the first 5 h of light exposure in comparison to control. This elevated activities result in stimulated Chl biosynthesis, which again parallels with enhanced photosynthetic activities indicated by the photosynthetic parameters F(V)/F(M), J (CO2max) and J (CO2) in the kinetin-treated greening seedlings during the first hours of illumination. Thus, cytokinin-driven acceleration of the tetrapyrrole metabolism supports functioning and assembly of the photosynthetic complexes in developing chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Yaronskaya
- Institute of biophysics and cell engineering, National academy of sciences of Belarus, Akademicheskaya 27, 220072 Minsk, Belarus
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Cove D, Bezanilla M, Harries P, Quatrano R. Mosses as model systems for the study of metabolism and development. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2006; 57:497-520. [PMID: 16669772 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The haploid gametophyte stage of the moss life cycle is amenable to genetic and biochemical studies. Many species can be cultured on simple defined media, where growth is rapid, making them ideal material for metabolic studies. Developmental responses to hormones and to environmental inputs can be studied both at the level of individual cells and in multicellular tissues. The protonemal stage of gametophyte development comprises cell filaments that extend by the serial division of their apical cells, allowing the investigation of the generation and modification of cell polarity and the role of the cytoskeleton in these processes. Molecular techniques including gene inactivation by targeted gene replacement or by RNA interference, together with the nearly completed sequencing of the Physcomitrella patens genome, open the way for detailed study of the functions of genes involved in both development and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cove
- Center for Plant Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
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Repp A, Mikami K, Mittmann F, Hartmann E. Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C is involved in cytokinin and gravity responses in the moss Physcomitrella patens. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2004; 40:250-9. [PMID: 15447651 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide signalling pathway is important in plant responses to extracellular and intracellular signals. To elucidate the physiological functions of phosphoinositide-specific phopspholipase C, PI-PLC, targeted knockout mutants of PpPLC1, a gene encoding a PI-PLC from the moss Physcomitrella patens, were generated via homologous recombination. Protonemal filaments of the plc1 lines show a dramatic reduction in gametophore formation relative to wild type: this was accompanied by a loss of sensitivity to cytokinin. Moreover, plc1 appeared paler than the wild type, the result of an altered differentiation of chloroplasts and reduced chlorophyll levels compared with wild type filaments. In addition, the protonemal filaments of plc1 have a strongly reduced ability to grow negatively gravitropically in the dark. These effects imply a significant role for PpPLC1 in cytokinin signalling and gravitropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Repp
- Institut für Biologie--Pflanzenphysiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Sarnighausen E, Wurtz V, Heintz D, Van Dorsselaer A, Reski R. Mapping of the Physcomitrella patens proteome. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2004; 65:1589-1607. [PMID: 15276455 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Revised: 04/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The moss Physcomitrella patens is unique among land plants due to the high rate of homologous recombination in its nuclear DNA. The feasibility of gene targeting makes Physcomitrella an unrivalled model organism in the field of plant functional genomics. To further extend the potentialities of this seed-less plant we aimed at exploring the P. patens proteome. Experimental conditions had to be adopted to meet the special requirements connected to the investigations of this moss. Here we describe the identification of 306 proteins from the protonema of Physcomitrella. Proteins were separated by two dimensional electrophoresis, excised form the gel and analysed by means of mass spectrometry. This reference map will lay the basis for further profound studies in the field of Physcomitrella proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sarnighausen
- Plant Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
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Sakakibara K, Nishiyama T, Sumikawa N, Kofuji R, Murata T, Hasebe M. Involvement of auxin and a homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene in rhizoid development of the moss Physcomitrella patens. Development 2003; 130:4835-46. [PMID: 12917289 DOI: 10.1242/dev.00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of epidermal cells is important for plants because they are in direct contact with the environment. Rhizoids are multicellular filaments that develop from the epidermis in a wide range of plants, including pteridophytes, bryophytes, and green algae; they have similar functions to root hairs in vascular plants in that they support the plant body and are involved in water and nutrient absorption. In this study, we examined mechanisms underlying rhizoid development in the moss, Physcomitrella patens, which is the only land plant in which high-frequency gene targeting is possible. We found that rhizoid development can be split into two processes: determination and differentiation. Two types of rhizoids with distinct developmental patterns (basal and mid-stem rhizoids) were recognized. The development of basal rhizoids from epidermal cells was induced by exogenous auxin, while that of mid-stem rhizoids required an unknown factor in addition to exogenous auxin. Once an epidermal cell had acquired a rhizoid initial cell fate, expression of the homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene Pphb7 was induced. Analysis of Pphb7 disruptant lines showed that Pphb7 affects the induction of pigmentation and the increase in the number and size of chloroplasts, but not the position or number of rhizoids. This is the first report on the involvement of a homeodomain-leucine zipper I gene in epidermal cell differentiation.
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Thiellement H, Zivy M, Plomion C. Combining proteomic and genetic studies in plants. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2002; 782:137-49. [PMID: 12458003 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant proteomics is still in its infancy, although numerous experiments have been undertaken since the end of the 1970s. In this review we focus on the interactions between proteomics and genetics. A given genome can express various proteomes according to differentiation, development, tissues, cells and subcellular compartments, and proteomes are modified in function of biotic and abiotic environment. These different proteomes and the way they respond to environment can be compared between genotypes, allowing the characterization of mutants or lines, the study of mutation pleiotropic effects, the genetic mapping of expressed genes. These comparisons also permit to hypothesize for "candidate proteins" that might be involved in the genetic variation of traits of economic or agronomic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Thiellement
- Unité Mixte de Génétique Végétale, INRA/CNRS, la Ferme du Moulon, F-91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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17
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Thiellement H, Bahrman N, Damerval C, Plomion C, Rossignol M, Santoni V, de Vienne D, Zivy M. Proteomics for genetic and physiological studies in plants. Electrophoresis 1999; 20:2013-26. [PMID: 10451110 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1522-2683(19990701)20:10<2013::aid-elps2013>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics is becoming a necessity in plant biology, as it is in medicine, zoology and microbiology, for deciphering the function and role of the genes that are or will be sequenced. In this review we focus on the various, mainly genetic, applications of the proteomic tools that have been developed in recent years: characterization of individuals or lines, estimation of genetic variability within and between populations, establishment of genetic distances that can be used in phylogenetic studies, characterization of mutants and localization of the genes encoding the revealed proteins. Improvements in specifically devoted software have permitted precise quantification of the variation in amounts of proteins, leading to the concept of "protein quantity loci" which, combined with the "quantitative trait loci" approach, results in testable hypotheses regarding the role of "candidate proteins" in the metabolism or phenotype under study. This new development is exemplified by the reaction of plants to drought, a trait of major agronomic interest. The accumulation of data regarding genomic and cDNA sequencing will be connected to the protein databases currently developed in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Thiellement
- Département de Botanique et Biologie Végétale, Université de Genève, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Two-dimensional electrophoresis of Cereus peruvianus callus tissues grown in culture media containing two different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin combinations was used to identify minor differences in polypeptide composition of these cell clones. Altered expression during growth in the two 2,4-D and kinetin combinations was apparent for 13 polypeptides when calluses in the two media were compared. The number of proteins with differential expression (presence or absence of specific spots) was higher in callus tissues cultured in the 4.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 8.0 mg/L kinetin combination than in callus tissues cultured in the 4.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 4.0 mg/L kinetin combination. The present results show that the callus tissues maintained at 4.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 8.0 mg/L kinetin can be used as a matrix for in vitro selection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Mangolin
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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19
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Strepp R, Scholz S, Kruse S, Speth V, Reski R. Plant nuclear gene knockout reveals a role in plastid division for the homolog of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ, an ancestral tubulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:4368-73. [PMID: 9539743 PMCID: PMC22495 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.8.4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the division of eukaryotic cell organelles and up to now neither in animals nor in plants has a gene product been shown to mediate this process. A cDNA encoding a homolog of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ, an ancestral tubulin, was isolated from the eukaryote Physcomitrella patens and used to disrupt efficiently the genomic locus in this terrestrial seedless plant. Seven out of 51 transgenics obtained were knockout plants generated by homologous recombination; they were specifically impeded in plastid division with no detectable effect on mitochondrial division or plant morphology. Implications on the theory of endosymbiosis and on the use of reverse genetics in plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Strepp
- Institut Biologie II, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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