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Saraiva A, Eiras JC, Cruz C, Xavier R. Synopsis of the Species of Coccidians Reported in Marine Fish. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2119. [PMID: 37443917 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Eimeriid coccidians represent one of the largest groups of parasitic unicellular organisms and comprise many species of veterinary and medical importance. The aim of this work is to provide information, as complete as possible, concerning the oocyst phase of the species of coccidians (Apicomplexa: Eimeriorina) with four sporocysts, which were reported in marine fish. For each species, the accepted scientific name and respective authorities, its synonyms, reported hosts, site of infection (organ), and geographic distribution have been assembled. Available information on morphology (oocyst, sporocyst, and sporozoite) and GenBank accession numbers were also compiled. A total of 100 species of coccidians were described and reported from 60 families of marine fishes. Most species have been described from marine teleosts, with only 14 of the species described from marine elasmobranchs. Most of the species reported in marine fish belong to the genera Eimeria and Goussia, and only a handful belong to the genera Epieimeria, Calyptospora, and Crystallospora. Although marine coccidians have began to be described for more than one century, the collection of genetic data on marine fish coccidians only started in the 2010s and remains largely disconnected from the morphological analysis of specimens, which is available for only six formally described species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélia Saraiva
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jorge C Eiras
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO, Laboratório Associado, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vila do Conde, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vila do Conde, Portugal
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Jowers MJ, Xavier R, Lasso-Alcalá OM, Quintero-T E, Nunes JLS, Giarrizzo T, Machado FS, Gómez J, Cabezas MP. First Molecular Identification of a Goussia Parasite from a New World Invasive Blenny. Acta Parasitol 2023:10.1007/s11686-023-00675-0. [PMID: 37103766 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-023-00675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Introduced or invasive fish are susceptible to new parasites but can simultaneously carry infectious parasites from their native range towards new hosts. Screening these parasites is key to address the health of fish populations and spread of diseases. METHODS In this study, we sequenced a Coccidia parasite, for the first time from the blenny Omobranchus sewalli, introduced in the northern coast of Brazil with an Indo-Pacific origin. RESULTS Only one individual was infected, its genetic sequence matched (over 99%) with two lineages of undetermined species, belonging to the genus Goussia, sequenced from three marine fish species (Mulloidichthys flavolineatus, Lutjanus kasmira, and Selar crumenophthalmus) in Hawaii. CONCLUSIONS Phylogenetic analysis suggests considerable differentiation between the Goussia detected and other Goussia spp. sequenced from North Atlantic marine fish, thus we cannot exclude the possibly that this parasite was carried by O. sewalli from its native Indo-Pacific range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Jowers
- CIBIO/InBIO (Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos), Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario De Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
- Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO/InBIO (Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos), Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario De Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Oscar M Lasso-Alcalá
- Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Elena Quintero-T
- Museo de Historia Natural La Salle, Fundación La Salle de Ciencias Naturales, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jorge L S Nunes
- Laboratório de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fabiola S Machado
- Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Jesús Gómez
- Universidad Metropolitana, Caracas, 1073, Venezuela
| | - M Pilar Cabezas
- Department of Biogeographical Ecology and Evolution, Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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Huggins LG, Colella V, Koehler AV, Schunack B, Traub RJ. A multipronged next-generation sequencing metabarcoding approach unearths hyperdiverse and abundant dog pathogen communities in Cambodia. Transbound Emerg Dis 2021; 69:1933-1950. [PMID: 34096687 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent surveys in Southeast Asia, including Cambodia, have identified canine vector-borne pathogens (VBPs), including those with zoonotic potential, as highly prevalent. The lack of veterinary care alongside the close association semidomesticated dogs have with humans in the region exacerbates these zoonotic risks. Nonetheless, the number of studies investigating such pathogens and the threats they pose to dog and human health is limited. Here, we utilize a next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based metabarcoding protocol to conduct an assumption-free characterization of the bacterial, apicomplexan, and kinetoplastid blood-borne pathogens of free-roaming dogs from across Cambodia. From 467 dogs at five field sites, 62% were infected with one of eight confirmed pathogens, comprising Anaplasma platys (32%), Ehrlichia canis (20%), Hepatozoon canis (18%), Babesia vogeli (14%), Mycoplasma haemocanis (13%), the zoonotic pathogen Bartonella clarridgeiae (3%), Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum (0.2%), and Trypanosoma evansi (0.2%). Coinfections of between two and four VBPs were common with 28% of dogs found to have a mixed infection. Moreover, DNA from putatively infectious agents belonging to the bacterial family and genera Coxiella, Mycobacterium, Neisseria, Rickettsiaceae, Treponema, and two uncharacterized Mycoplasma species were identified, in addition to protozoan genera Colpodella, Parabodo, and Bodo. Using a multiple logistic regression model, the presence of ectoparasites, abnormal mucous membranes, anemia, and total protein were found as predictors of canine VBP exposure. This study represents the first time an NGS metabarcoding technique has been used to holistically detect the bacterial and protozoan hemoparasites communities of dogs through an in-depth survey, highlighting the power of such methods to unearth a wide spectrum of pathogenic organisms in an unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G Huggins
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vito Colella
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anson V Koehler
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Rebecca J Traub
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Xavier R, Barroso R, Cardoso J, Cruz C, Pereira A, Saraiva A. Phylogenetic Affinities and Infection Patterns of Goussia Infecting Sardina pilchardus from the NE Atlantic. Acta Parasitol 2021; 66:693-698. [PMID: 33389545 DOI: 10.1007/s11686-020-00319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE European pilchard (Sardina pilchardus) is a highly valued fish in many European countries, particularly in Portugal. Despite current stock declines and the threats coccidia pose to European pilchards (e.g. castration), little is known about coccidian parasites infecting pilchards captured off the Portuguese coast. METHODS In this study, we analyzed the infection patterns, the morphology of oocysts and the phylogenetic relations of coccidian parasites from European pilchard captured in Northern Portugal. RESULTS Only Goussia oocysts were detected in infected tissues and prevalence of infection was 64% (n = 61). Oocysts were detected primarily in the liver with fewer infections in the stomach, intestine and gonads. No differences were found in the prevalence between seasons. Phylogenetic analysis showed these parasites are closely related to Goussia clupearum, placing them within a recently described group of Goussia, the clupearum type. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides more data on Goussia from the clupearum type with phylogenetic analysis indicating that these parasites cluster according to fish host taxonomy, thus suggesting some degree of co-evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Xavier
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Barroso
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Cardoso
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Aurélia Saraiva
- Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, University of Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
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Soares SMC, Blackadder L, Stagg HEB, Munro ES, McLay A. The presence of Apicomplexan parasites in king scallops (Pecten maximus) in Scottish waters. J Invertebr Pathol 2020; 178:107508. [PMID: 33278407 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2020.107508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The king scallop (Pecten maximus) is a commercially important species found around the United Kingdom coast. The association of an Apicomplexan-like parasite with mass mortality of Icelandic scallop (Chlamys islandica) in Iceland and the presence of identical parasites in king scallop (Pecten maximus) and queen scallop (Aequipecten opercularis) in Scotland raised serious concerns regarding the health of Scottish king scallops. Marine Scotland Science (MSS) conducted a survey in 2016 to assess the prevalence and the intensity of parasite infection in king scallops. King scallops were collected and sampled during the annual scallop dredge surveys in the Shetland Isles and the east and west coast of Scotland. The king scallop adductor muscle was macroscopically examined and tissue imprints taken to grade the intensity of infection. The parasite was present in the majority of the king scallops sampled in all surveyed areas: Shetland Isles 87.1%, east coast 76.0% and west coast of Scotland 64.1%. However, the parasitic infestations were light in intensity with the majority of the king scallops graded as 1 (≤20 zoites per microscopic field). No macroscopic changes in the adductor muscle were observed and histopathology examination revealed minor localized fiber degeneration of adjacent fibers to parasite clusters. The results suggested the parasite to be widespread around the Scottish coast and it appears to be able to live within the king scallop at low intensity of infection without causing significant downgrade of the adductor muscle (in terms of colour or texture) or mortality. The partial genome sequence of the parasite in king scallops from Scottish waters was identical to the one reported by Kristmundsson and Freeman (2018) in the Icelandic scallop in Icelandic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lynda Blackadder
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Hannah E B Stagg
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Eann S Munro
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
| | - Anne McLay
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
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