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Hu J, Liu C, Du Z, Guo F, Song D, Wang N, Wei Z, Jiang J, Cao Z, Shi C, Zhang S, Zhu C, Chen P, Larkin RM, Lin Z, Xu Q, Ye J, Deng X, Bosch M, Franklin‐Tong VE, Chai L. Transposable elements cause the loss of self-incompatibility in citrus. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:1113-1131. [PMID: 38038155 PMCID: PMC11022811 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a widespread prezygotic mechanism for flowering plants to avoid inbreeding depression and promote genetic diversity. Citrus has an S-RNase-based SI system, which was frequently lost during evolution. We previously identified a single nucleotide mutation in Sm-RNase, which is responsible for the loss of SI in mandarin and its hybrids. However, little is known about other mechanisms responsible for conversion of SI to self-compatibility (SC) and we identify a completely different mechanism widely utilized by citrus. Here, we found a 786-bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) insertion in the promoter region of the FhiS2-RNase in Fortunella hindsii Swingle (a model plant for citrus gene function), which does not contain the Sm-RNase allele but are still SC. We demonstrate that this MITE plays a pivotal role in the loss of SI in citrus, providing evidence that this MITE insertion prevents expression of the S-RNase; moreover, transgenic experiments show that deletion of this 786-bp MITE insertion recovers the expression of FhiS2-RNase and restores SI. This study identifies the first evidence for a role for MITEs at the S-locus affecting the SI phenotype. A family-wide survey of the S-locus revealed that MITE insertions occur frequently adjacent to S-RNase alleles in different citrus genera, but only certain MITEs appear to be responsible for the loss of SI. Our study provides evidence that insertion of MITEs into a promoter region can alter a breeding strategy and suggests that this phenomenon may be broadly responsible for SC in species with the S-RNase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zezhen Du
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Furong Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Dan Song
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Nan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zhuangmin Wei
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research InstituteNanningP. R. China
| | - Jingdong Jiang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zonghong Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chunmei Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Chenqiao Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Horticultural Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaChina
| | - Robert M. Larkin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK
| | | | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanP. R. China
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanP. R. China
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Xu Y, Tian W, Yin M, Cai Z, Zhang L, Yuan D, Yi H, Wu J. The miR159a-DUO1 module regulates pollen development by modulating auxin biosynthesis and starch metabolism in citrus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38578168 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Achieving seedlessness in citrus varieties is one of the important objectives of citrus breeding. Male sterility associated with abnormal pollen development is an important factor in seedlessness. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying the seedlessness phenotype in citrus is still limited. Here, we determined that the miR159a-DUO1 module played an important role in regulating pollen development in citrus, which further indirectly modulated seed development and fruit size. Both the overexpression of csi-miR159a and the knocking out of DUO1 in Hong Kong kumquat (Fortunella hindsii) resulted in small and seedless fruit phenotypes. Moreover, pollen was severely aborted in both transgenic lines, with arrested pollen mitotic I and abnormal pollen starch metabolism. Through additional cross-pollination experiments, DUO1 was proven to be the key target gene for miR159a to regulate male sterility in citrus. Based on DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq), RNA-seq, and verified interaction assays, YUC2/YUC6, SS4 and STP8 were identified as downstream target genes of DUO1, those were all positively regulated by DUO1. In transgenic F. hindsii lines, the miR159a-DUO1 module down-regulated the expression of YUC2/YUC6, which decreased indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels and modulated auxin signaling to repress pollen mitotic I. The miR159a-DUO1 module reduced the expression of the starch synthesis gene SS4 and sugar transport gene STP8 to disrupt starch metabolism in pollen. Overall, this work reveals a new mechanism by which the miR159a-DUO1 module regulates pollen development and elucidates the molecular regulatory network underlying male sterility in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenxiu Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Minqiang Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenmei Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Deyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hualin Yi
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Juxun Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Yue Y, Deng J, Wang H, Lv T, Dou W, Jiao Y, Peng X, Zhang Y. Two Secretory T2 RNases Act as Cytotoxic Factors Contributing to the Virulence of an Insect Fungal Pathogen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7069-7081. [PMID: 37122240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
RNase T2 members are secreted by several pathogens or parasites during infection, playing various roles in pathogen-host interaction. However, functions of those members in biocontrol microbes targeting their hosts are still unknown. Here, we report that an insect fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, produces two secretory RNase T2 members that act as cytotoxic factors, which were examined by insect bioassays using the targeted gene(s) disruption and overexpression strains. Overexpression strains displayed dramatically increased virulence, which was concurrent with few fungal cells and hemocytes in hemocoel, suggesting a cytotoxicity of the overexpressed gene products. In vitro assays using yeast-expressed proteins verified the cytotoxicity of the two members against insect cells, to which the cytotoxic effect was dependent on their RNases enzyme activities and glycosylation modification. Moreover, the excessive humoral immune responses triggered by the two ribonucleases were examined. These results suggested prospects of these two T2 ribonucleases for improvement of biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
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Li C, Lu M, Zhou J, Wang S, Long Y, Xu Y, Tan X. Transcriptome Analysis of the Late-Acting Self-Incompatibility Associated with RNase T2 Family in Camellia oleifera. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1932. [PMID: 37653852 PMCID: PMC10223774 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The Camellia oil tree (Camellia oleifera Abel.) is an important nonwood forest species in China, and the majority of its cultivars are late-acting self-incompatibility (LSI) types. Although several studies have examined the mechanism of LSI, the process is quite complicated and unclear. In this study, pollen tube growth and fruit setting of two Camellia oil tree cultivars Huashuo (HS) and Huajin (HJ) were investigated after non and self-pollination, and transcriptomic analysis of the ovaries was performed 48 h after self-pollination to identify the potential genes implicated in the LSI of Camellia oil trees. The results showed that the fruit set of HS was significantly higher than that of HJ after self-pollination. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that plant hormone signal transduction, the phosphatidylinositol signaling system, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and Ca2+ signaling were mainly contributed in the LSI of reaction of Camellia oil tree. Moreover, nine RNase T2 genes were identified from the transcriptome analysis, which also showed that CoRNase7 participated in the self-incompatibility reaction in HS. Based on phylogenetic analysis, CoRNase6 was closely related to S-RNase from coffee, and CoRNase7 and CoRNase8 were closely related to S-RNase from Camellia sinensis. The 9 RNase T2 genes successfully produced proteins in prokaryotes. Subcellular localization indicated that CoRNase1 and CoRNase5 were cytoplasmic proteins, while CoRNase7 was a plasma membrane protein. These results screened the main metabolic pathways closely related to LSI in Camellia oil tree, and SI signal transduction might be regulated by a large molecular regulatory network. The discovery of T2 RNases provided evidence that Camellia oil tree might be under RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Mengqi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Junqin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- The Belt and Road International Union Research Center for Tropical Arid Nonwood Forest in Hunan Province, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yi Long
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410004, China; (C.L.); (M.L.)
- Academy of Camellia Oil Tree, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410000, China
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Luo Z, Zhang Y, Tian C, Wang L, Zhao X, Liu Z, Wang L, Wang L, Zhao J, Wang J, Liu M. Genome-wide screening of the RNase T2 gene family and functional analyses in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:80. [PMID: 36803656 PMCID: PMC9940439 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribonuclease (RNase T2) plays crucial roles in plant evolution and breeding. However, there have been few studies on the RNase T2 gene family in Ziziphus jujuba Mill., one of important dried fruit tree species. Recently, the released sequences of the reference genome of jujube provide a good chance to perform genome-wide identification and characterization of ZjRNase gene family in the jujube. RESULTS In this study, we identified four members of RNase T2 in jujube distributed on three chromosomes and unassembled chromosomes. They all contained two conserved sites (CASI and CASII). Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships revealed that the RNase T2 genes in jujube could be divided into two groups: ZjRNase1 and ZjRNase2 belonged to class I, while ZjRNase3 and ZjRNase4 belonged to class II. Only ZjRNase1 and ZjRNase2 expression were shown by the jujube fruit transcriptome analysis. So ZjRNase1 and ZjRNase2 were selected functional verification by overexpression transformation of Arabidopsis. The overexpression of these two genes led to an approximately 50% reduction in seed number, which deserve further attention. Moreover, the leaves of the ZjRNase1 overexpression transgenic lines were curled and twisted. Overexpression of ZjRNase2 resulted in shortened and crisp siliques and the production of trichomes, and no seeds were produced. CONCLUSION In summary, these findings will provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of low number of hybrid seeds in jujube and a reference for the future molecular breeding of jujube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Luo
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China ,grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Yu Zhang
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Chunjiao Tian
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Lihu Wang
- grid.412028.d0000 0004 1757 5708School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038 China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China ,grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China ,grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Lili Wang
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China ,grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Lixin Wang
- grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China ,grid.274504.00000 0001 2291 4530Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001 China
| | - Jin Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Jiurui Wang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Mengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China. .,Research Center of Chinese Jujube, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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Xu W, Liu Z, Zhao Z, Zhang S, Li M, Guo D, Liu JH, Li C. The functional analysis of sugar transporter proteins in sugar accumulation and pollen tube growth in pummelo ( Citrus grandis). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1106219. [PMID: 36684762 PMCID: PMC9846575 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1106219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sugar transporter proteins (STPs) play vital roles in sugar transport and allocation of carbon sources in plants. However, the evolutionary dynamics of this important gene family and their functions are still largely unknown in citrus, which is the largest fruit crop in the world. In this study, fourteen non-redundant CgSTP family members were identified in pummelo (Citrus grandis). A comprehensive analysis based on the biochemical characteristics, the chromosomal location, the exon-intron structures and the evolutionary relationships demonstrated the conservation and the divergence of CgSTPs. Moreover, CgSTP4, 11, 13, 14 were proofed to be localized in plasma membrane and have glucose transport activity in yeast. The hexose content were significantly increased with the transient overexpression of CgSTP11 and CgSTP14. In addition, antisense repression of CgSTP4 induced the shorter pollen tube length in vitro, implying the potential role of CgSTP4 in pummelo pollen tube growth. Taken together, this work explored a framework for understanding the physiological role of CgSTPs and laid a foundation for future functional studies of these members in citrus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengdi Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dayong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Lv S, Qiao X, Zhang W, Li Q, Wang P, Zhang S, Wu J. The origin and evolution of RNase T2 family and gametophytic self-incompatibility system in plants. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 14:6609977. [PMID: 35714207 PMCID: PMC9250077 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonuclease (RNase) T2 genes are found widely in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and genes from this family have been revealed to have various functions in plants. In particular, S-RNase is known to be the female determinant in the S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) system. However, the origin and evolution of the RNase T2 gene family and GSI system are not well understood. In this study, 785 RNase T2 genes were identified in 81 sequenced plant genomes representing broad-scale diversity and divided into three subgroups (Class I, II, and III) based on phylogenetic and synteny network analysis. Class I was found to be of ancient origin and to emerge in green algae, Class II was shown to originate with the appearance of angiosperms, while Class III was discovered to be eudicot-specific. Each of the three major classes could be further classified into several subclasses of which some subclasses were found to be lineage-specific. Furthermore, duplication, deletion, or inactivation of the S/S-like-locus was revealed to be linked to repeated loss and gain of self-incompatibility in different species from distantly related plant families with GSI. Finally, the origin and evolutionary history of S-locus in Rosaceae species was unraveled with independent loss and gain of S-RNase occurred in different subfamilies of Rosaceae. Our findings provide insights into the origin and evolution of the RNase T2 family and the GSI system in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouzheng Lv
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qionghou Li
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing 210014, China
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Sun C, Liu Y, Li Q, Wang B, Chen S, Deng J, Ma D, Yang Y. Rapid Identification of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene YrXK in Chinese Wheat Line Xike01015 Using Specific Locus Amplified Fragment (SLAF) Sequencing. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:282-288. [PMID: 34253044 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-20-2648-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wheat stripe rust, an airborne fungal disease caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. Chinese wheat cultivar Xike01015 displays high levels of all-stage resistance (ASR) to the current predominant P. striiformis f. sp. tritici race CYR33. In this study, a single dominant gene, designated YrXk, was identified in Xike01015 conferring resistance to CYR33 with genetic analysis of F2 and BC1 populations from a cross of Mingxian169 (susceptible) and Xike01015. The specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) strategy was used to construct a linkage map in the F2 population. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis mapped YrXk to a 12.4-Mb segment on chromosome1 BS, explaining >86.96% of the phenotypic variance. Gene annotation in the QTL region identified three differential expressed candidate genes, TraesCS1B02G168600.1, TraesCS1B02G170200.1, and TraesCS1B02G172400.1. The qRT-PCR results showed that TraesCS1B02G172400.1 and TraesCS1B02G168600.1 are upregulated and that TraesCS1B02G170200.1 is slightly downregulated after inoculation with CYR33 in the seedling stage, which indicates that these genes may function in wheat resistance to stripe rust. The results of this study can be used in wheat breeding for improving resistance to stripe rust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Sun
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, P.R. China
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, P.R. China
| | - Yike Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Baotong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Shuhui Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Jianxin Deng
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, P.R. China
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Beibei 400700, P.R. China
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9
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Hu J, Xu Q, Liu C, Liu B, Deng C, Chen C, Wei Z, Ahmad MH, Peng K, Wen H, Chen X, Chen P, Larkin RM, Ye J, Deng X, Chai L. Downregulated expression of S 2-RNase attenuates self-incompatibility in "Guiyou No. 1" pummelo. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:199. [PMID: 34465762 PMCID: PMC8408199 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) substantially restricts the yield and quality of citrus. Therefore, breeding and analyzing self-compatible germplasm is of great theoretical and practical significance for citrus. Here, we focus on the mechanism of a self-compatibility mutation in 'Guiyou No. 1' pummelo (Citrus maxima), which is a spontaneous mutant of 'Shatian' pummelo (Citrus maxima, self-incompatibility). The rate of fruit set and the growth of pollen tubes in the pistil confirmed that a spontaneous mutation in the pistil is responsible for the self-compatibility of 'Guiyou No. 1'. Segregation ratios of the S genotype in F1 progeny, expression analysis, and western blotting validated that the reduced levels of S2-RNase mRNA contribute to the loss of SI in 'Guiyou No. 1'. Furthermore, we report a phased assembly of the 'Guiyou No. 1' pummelo genome and obtained two complete and well-annotated S haplotypes. Coupled with an analysis of SV variations, methylation levels, and gene expression, we identified a candidate gene (CgHB40), that may influence the regulation of the S2-RNase promoter. Our data provide evidence that a mutation that affects the pistil led to the loss of SI in 'Guiyou No. 1' by influencing a poorly understood mechanism that affects transcriptional regulation. This work significantly advances our understanding of the genetic basis of the SI system in citrus and provides information on the regulation of S-RNase genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Binghao Liu
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Citrus Breeding and Culture, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongling Deng
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Citrus Breeding and Culture, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanwu Chen
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Citrus Breeding and Culture, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuangmin Wei
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Husnain Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangling Chen
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Nanning Investigation & Experiment Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Horticultural Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert M Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Junli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Ren Y, Hua Q, Pan J, Zhang Z, Zhao J, He X, Qin Y, Hu G. SKP1-like protein, CrSKP1-e, interacts with pollen-specific F-box proteins and assembles into SCF-type E3 complex in 'Wuzishatangju' ( Citrus reticulata Blanco) pollen. PeerJ 2021; 8:e10578. [PMID: 33391881 PMCID: PMC7761267 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
S-ribonuclease (S-RNase)-based self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms have been extensively studied in Solanaceae, Rosaceae and Plantaginaceae. S-RNase-based SI is controlled by two closely related genes, S-RNase and S-locus F-box (SLF), located at a polymorphic S-locus. In the SI system, the SCF-type (SKP1-CUL1-F-box-RBX1) complex functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex for ubiquitination of non-self S-RNase. Pummelo (Citrus grandis) and several mandarin cultivars are suggested to utilize an S-RNase-based SI system. However, the molecular mechanism of the non-S-factors involved in the SI reaction is not straightforward in Citrus. To investigate the SCF-type E3 complex responsible for the SI reaction in mandarin, SLF, SKP1-like and CUL1 candidates potentially involved in the SI reaction of ‘Wuzishatangju’ (Citrus reticulata Blanco) were identified based on the genome-wide identification and expression analyses. Sixteen pollen-specific F-box genes (CrFBX1-CrFBX16), one pollen-specific SKP1-like gene (CrSKP1-e) and two CUL1 genes (CrCUL1A and CrCUL1B) were identified and cloned from ‘Wuzishatangju’. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and in vitro binding assays showed that five CrFBX proteins could bind to CrSKP1-e, which is an ortholog of SSK1 (SLF-interacting-SKP1-like), a non-S-factor responsible for the SI reaction. Luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) and in vitro binding assays also showed that CrSKP1-e interacts with the N-terminal region of both CrCUL1A and CrCUL1B. These results indicate that CrSKP1-e may serve as a functional member of the SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex in ‘Wuzishatangju’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhu Hua
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayan Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhike Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jietang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yonghua Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibing Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Aloisi I, Distefano G, Antognoni F, Potente G, Parrotta L, Faleri C, Gentile A, Bennici S, Mareri L, Cai G, Del Duca S. Temperature-Dependent Compatible and Incompatible Pollen-Style Interactions in Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan. Show Different Transglutaminase Features and Polyamine Pattern. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1018. [PMID: 32733518 PMCID: PMC7360793 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In clementine, failure of fertilization can result in parthenocarpic fruit development, which has several advantages, such as seedless fruit, longer shelf-life, and greater consumer appeal. Recently, S-RNases have been identified in Citrus grandis, thus revealing that the self-incompatibility (SI) reaction relies on the S-RNase gametophytic mechanism. The fundamental role of environmental factors, mostly temperature, in determining the numbers of pollen tubes reaching the ovary is also well established in Citrus. In the present work, temperature-dependent pollen-pistil interactions in C. clementina were analyzed, focusing on several morphological aspects, as well as on polyamine (PA) content and the activity and distribution of transglutaminase (TGase), both reported to be involved in the SI response in pear and in pummelo. Results clearly indicate that temperature contributed to a different activation of the SI response, which occurs at optimal temperature of 25°C but was by-passed at 15°C. TGase activity was stimulated during the SI response, and it localized differently in the compatible and incompatible interaction: in compatible pollinated styles, TGase localized inside the style canal, while it was detected all around it in incompatible crosses. TGase localization and activity were congruent with the levels of soluble and insoluble conjugated PAs and with morphological evidences, which highlighted cell wall modification occurring as a result of SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aloisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaetano Distefano
- Department of Agricultural and Food Production Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Fabiana Antognoni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Giulia Potente
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Luigi Parrotta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Faleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gentile
- Department of Agricultural and Food Production Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Bennici
- Department of Agricultural and Food Production Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lavinia Mareri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giampiero Cai
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Del Duca
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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12
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Fujii S, Takayama S. Expanding the RNase world. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:53-54. [PMID: 32055046 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sota Fujii
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Seiji Takayama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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13
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Liang M, Cao Z, Zhu A, Liu Y, Tao M, Yang H, Xu Q, Wang S, Liu J, Li Y, Chen C, Xie Z, Deng C, Ye J, Guo W, Xu Q, Xia R, Larkin RM, Deng X, Bosch M, Franklin-Tong VE, Chai L. Evolution of self-compatibility by a mutant S m-RNase in citrus. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:131-142. [PMID: 32055045 PMCID: PMC7030955 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-0597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is an important mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and inbreeding in flowering plants. The most widespread SI system utilizes S ribonucleases (S-RNases) and S-locus F-boxes (SLFs) as S determinants. In citrus, SI is ancestral, and Citrus maxima (pummelo) is self-incompatible, while Citrus reticulata (mandarin) and its hybrids are self-compatible (SC). Here, we identify nine highly polymorphic pistil-specific, developmentally expressed S-RNases from pummelo that segregate with S haplotypes in a gametophytic manner and cluster with authentic S-RNases. We provide evidence that these S-RNases function as the female S determinants in citrus. Moreover, we show that each S-RNase is linked to approximately nine SLFs. In an analysis of 117 citrus SLF and SFL-like (SLFL) genes, we reveal that they cluster into 12 types and that the S-RNases and intra-haplotypic SLF and SLFL genes co-evolved. Our data support the notion that citrus have a S locus comprising a S-RNase and several SLFs that fit the non-self-recognition model. We identify a predominant single nucleotide mutation, Sm-RNase, in SC citrus, which provides a 'natural' loss of function. We show that SI-SC transitions due to the Sm-RNase initially arose in mandarin, spreading to its hybrids and became fixed. Identification of an evolutionarily distant new genus utilizing the S-RNase-based SI system, >100 million years separated from the nearest S-RNase family, is a milestone for evolutionary comparative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Zonghong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Andan Zhu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Mengqin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Huayan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yongping Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chuanwu Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus Biology, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Chongling Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus Biology, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, P. R. China
| | - Junli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wenwu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Robert M Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Vernonica E Franklin-Tong
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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14
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Zhang H, Chen J, Zhang F, Song Y. Transcriptome analysis of callus from melon. Gene 2019; 684:131-138. [PMID: 30321656 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the key genes promoting the differentiation of melon non-embryogenic callus into embryogenic callus. METHODS The transcriptome sequencing analysis was used to analyze the mRNA sequence in embryogenic callus (Z) and non-embryogenic callus (F); transcript mapping, gene expression analysis, cluster analysis, classification analysis and enrichment analysis were then used to detect the differentially expressed genes and enriched pathways. RESULTS The correlation coefficient between sample Z and sample F was 0.929 after transcript mapping. The overall gene expression levels in sample Z were higher as compared with sample F. Furthermore, cluster analysis showed that the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis was increased in sample Z when comparing to F. Besides, the classification of differential Gene Ontology (GO) showed that many metabolic processes were affected with the metabolism enhanced in embryogenic callus. Interestingly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis further demonstrated the high metabolic activity and active secondary metabolite formation in the embryogenic callus. CONCLUSION The genes associated with photosynthesis, metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites may promote the differentiation of callus into embryogenic callus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biology, School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, No. 100 Dongshan Road, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture/Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbing 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, NO.1 weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fei Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biology, School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, No. 100 Dongshan Road, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunxian Song
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Biology, School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, No. 100 Dongshan Road, Huaibei 235000, Anhui Province, China
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15
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Zhang S, Liang M, Wang N, Xu Q, Deng X, Chai L. Reproduction in woody perennial Citrus: an update on nucellar embryony and self-incompatibility. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:43-57. [PMID: 29457194 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Review on citrus reproduction. Citrus is one of the most important and widely grown fruit crops. It possesses several special reproductive characteristics, such as nucellar embryony and self-incompatibility. The special phenomenon of nucellar embryony in citrus, also known as the polyembryony, is a kind of sporophytic apomixis. During the past decade, the emergence of novel technologies and the construction of multiple citrus reference genomes have facilitated rapid advances to our understanding of nucellar embryony. Indeed, several research teams have preliminarily determined the genetic basis of citrus apomixis. On the other hand, the phenomenon of self-incompatibility that promotes genetic diversity by rejecting self-pollen and accepting non-self-pollen is difficult to study in citrus because the long juvenile period of citrus presents challenges to identifying candidate genes that control this phenomenon. In this review, we focus on advances to our understanding of reproduction in citrus from the last decade and discuss priorities for the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Mei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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