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Oh S, Mai XL, Kim J, de Guzman ACV, Lee JY, Park S. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenases (1 and 2) in cancer and other diseases. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1066-1079. [PMID: 38689091 PMCID: PMC11148179 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle (GPS) is composed of two different enzymes: cytosolic NAD+-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) and mitochondrial FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2). These two enzymes work together to act as an NADH shuttle for mitochondrial bioenergetics and function as an important bridge between glucose and lipid metabolism. Since these genes were discovered in the 1960s, their abnormal expression has been described in various metabolic diseases and tumors. Nevertheless, it took a long time until scientists could investigate the causal relationship of these enzymes in those pathophysiological conditions. To date, numerous studies have explored the involvement and mechanisms of GPD1 and GPD2 in cancer and other diseases, encompassing reports of controversial and non-conventional mechanisms. In this review, we summarize and update current knowledge regarding the functions and effects of GPS to provide an overview of how the enzymes influence disease conditions. The potential and challenges of developing therapeutic strategies targeting these enzymes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Xuan Linh Mai
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jiwoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Arvie Camille V de Guzman
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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2
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Possik E, Al-Mass A, Peyot ML, Ahmad R, Al-Mulla F, Madiraju SRM, Prentki M. New Mammalian Glycerol-3-Phosphate Phosphatase: Role in β-Cell, Liver and Adipocyte Metabolism. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:706607. [PMID: 34326816 PMCID: PMC8313997 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.706607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, have enormous impact on modern societies worldwide. Excess nutritional burden and nutri-stress together with sedentary lifestyles lead to these diseases. Deranged glucose, fat, and energy metabolism is at the center of nutri-stress, and glycolysis-derived glycerol-3-phosphate (Gro3P) is at the crossroads of these metabolic pathways. Cellular levels of Gro3P can be controlled by its synthesis, utilization or hydrolysis. The belief that mammalian cells do not possess an enzyme that hydrolyzes Gro3P, as in lower organisms and plants, is challenged by our recent work showing the presence of a Gro3P phosphatase (G3PP) in mammalian cells. A previously described phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP) in mammalian cells, with no established physiological function, has been shown to actually function as G3PP, under physiological conditions, particularly at elevated glucose levels. In the present review, we summarize evidence that supports the view that G3PP plays an important role in the regulation of gluconeogenesis and fat storage in hepatocytes, glucose stimulated insulin secretion and nutri-stress in β-cells, and lipogenesis in adipocytes. We provide a balanced perspective on the pathophysiological significance of G3PP in mammals with specific reference to cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elite Possik
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Anfal Al-Mass
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Line Peyot
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
| | - S. R. Murthy Madiraju
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Marc Prentki, ; S. R. Murthy Madiraju,
| | - Marc Prentki
- Departments of Nutrition, Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, CRCHUM, Montréal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Marc Prentki, ; S. R. Murthy Madiraju,
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3
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Ortega MA, Fraile-Martínez O, Guijarro LG, Casanova C, Coca S, Álvarez-Mon M, Buján J, García-Honduvilla N, Asúnsolo Á. The Regulatory Role of Mitochondrial MicroRNAs (MitomiRs) in Breast Cancer: Translational Implications Present and Future. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092443. [PMID: 32872155 PMCID: PMC7564393 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) are an emerging field of study in a wide range of tumours including breast cancer. By targeting mitochondrial, or non-mitochondrial products, mitomiRs are able to regulate the functions of this organelle, thus controlling multiple carcinogenic processes. The knowledge of this system may provide a novel approach for targeted therapies, as potential biomarkers or helping in the diagnosis of such a complex malignancy. Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent and incident female neoplasm worldwide. Although survival rates have considerably improved, it is still the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the posttranscriptional expression of a wide variety of genes. Although it is usually located in the cytoplasm, several studies have detected a regulatory role of microRNAs in other cell compartments such as the nucleus or mitochondrion, known as “mitomiRs”. MitomiRs are essential modulators of mitochondrion tasks and their abnormal expression has been linked to the aetiology of several human diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction, including breast cancer. This review aims to examine basic knowledge of the role of mitomiRs in breast cancer and discusses their prospects as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Principe de Asturias, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-885-4540; Fax: +34-91-885-4885
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martínez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Department of System Biology, Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Carlos Casanova
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Santiago Coca
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Buján
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Unit of Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (O.F.-M.); (C.C.); (S.C.); (M.Á.-M.); (J.B.); (N.G.-H.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ángel Asúnsolo
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcala de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Cellular and molecular characterization of multiplex autism in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons. Mol Autism 2019; 10:51. [PMID: 31893020 PMCID: PMC6936127 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-019-0306-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with pronounced heritability in the general population. This is largely attributable to the effects of polygenic susceptibility, with inherited liability exhibiting distinct sex differences in phenotypic expression. Attempts to model ASD in human cellular systems have principally involved rare de novo mutations associated with ASD phenocopies. However, by definition, these models are not representative of polygenic liability, which accounts for the vast share of population-attributable risk. Methods Here, we performed what is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to model multiplex autism using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a family manifesting incremental degrees of phenotypic expression of inherited liability (absent, intermediate, severe). The family members share an inherited variant of uncertain significance (VUS) in GPD2, a gene that was previously associated with developmental disability but here is insufficient by itself to cause ASD. iPSCs from three first-degree relatives and an unrelated control were differentiated into both cortical excitatory (cExN) and cortical inhibitory (cIN) neurons, and cellular phenotyping and transcriptomic analysis were conducted. Results cExN neurospheres from the two affected individuals were reduced in size, compared to those derived from unaffected related and unrelated individuals. This reduction was, at least in part, due to increased apoptosis of cells from affected individuals upon initiation of cExN neural induction. Likewise, cIN neural progenitor cells from affected individuals exhibited increased apoptosis, compared to both unaffected individuals. Transcriptomic analysis of both cExN and cIN neural progenitor cells revealed distinct molecular signatures associated with affectation, including the misregulation of suites of genes associated with neural development, neuronal function, and behavior, as well as altered expression of ASD risk-associated genes. Conclusions We have provided evidence of morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic signatures of polygenic liability to ASD from an analysis of cellular models derived from a multiplex autism family. ASD is commonly inherited on the basis of additive genetic liability. Therefore, identifying convergent cellular and molecular phenotypes resulting from polygenic and monogenic susceptibility may provide a critical bridge for determining which of the disparate effects of rare highly deleterious mutations might also apply to common autistic syndromes.
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5
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Lévy J, Grotto S, Mignot C, Maruani A, Delahaye-Duriez A, Benzacken B, Keren B, Haye D, Xavier J, Heulin M, Charles E, Verloes A, Dupont C, Pipiras E, Tabet AC. NR4A2 haploinsufficiency is associated with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Clin Genet 2019; 94:264-268. [PMID: 29770430 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
NR4A2, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is involved in modulation of target gene transcription, regulating several developmental processes such as regulation of cellular homeostasis, neuronal development, inflammation and carcinogenesis. 2q24.1 deletions are extremely rare, and only 1 patient with a de novo deletion encompassing only NR4A2 gene was reported so far. We report 3 additional patients with a de novo deletion encompassing NR4A2: 2 patients have deletions encompassing only NR4A2 gene and 1 patient has a deletion including NR4A2 and the first exon of GPD2. Our patients presented a neurodevelopmental disorder including language impairment, developmental delay, intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder. We suggest that NR4A2 haploinsufficiency is implicated in neurodevelopmental disorder with high penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lévy
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1141, Paris Diderot University, AP-HP, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Grotto
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Mignot
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Référence Déficience Intellectuelle de Causes Rares, GRC Université Pierre et Marie Curie « Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme », Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Maruani
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Robert-Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Neuroscience Department, Génétique Humaine et Fonction Cognitive Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - A Delahaye-Duriez
- INSERM UMR1141, Paris Diderot University, AP-HP, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Cytogenetics, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Paris 13 University, Embryology and Histology, AP-HP, Bondy, France.,Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, London
| | - B Benzacken
- INSERM UMR1141, Paris Diderot University, AP-HP, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Cytogenetics, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Paris 13 University, Embryology and Histology, AP-HP, Bondy, France
| | - B Keren
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - D Haye
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J Xavier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - M Heulin
- Unité de Diagnostic et d'Evaluation Pluriprofessionnelle de l'autisme et des troubles apparentés, Etablissement publique de santé de Ville-Evrard, Neuilly Sur Marne, France
| | - E Charles
- Unité de Diagnostic et d'Evaluation Pluriprofessionnelle de l'autisme et des troubles apparentés, Etablissement publique de santé de Ville-Evrard, Neuilly Sur Marne, France
| | - A Verloes
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1141, Paris Diderot University, AP-HP, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Dupont
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - E Pipiras
- INSERM UMR1141, Paris Diderot University, AP-HP, Robert-Debré Hospital, Paris, France.,Department of Cytogenetics, Jean-Verdier Hospital, Paris 13 University, Embryology and Histology, AP-HP, Bondy, France
| | - A-C Tabet
- Genetics Department, AP-HP, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.,Neuroscience Department, Génétique Humaine et Fonction Cognitive Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
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6
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Mitochondrial Damage Mediated by miR-1 Overexpression in Cancer Stem Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:938-953. [PMID: 31765945 PMCID: PMC6883328 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that cells rely on mitochondrial respiration for survival. However, the effect of microRNAs (miRNAs) on mitochondria of cells has not been extensively explored. Our results indicated that the overexpression of a miRNA (miR-1) could destroy mitochondria of cancer stem cells. miR-1 was downregulated in melanoma stem cells (MSCs) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) compared with cancer non-stem cells. However, the upregulation of miR-1 in cancer non-stem cells did not induce mitochondrial damage. miR-1 overexpression caused mitochondrial damage of cancer stem cells by directly targeting the 3′ UTRs of MINOS1 (mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system 1) and GPD2 (glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2) genes and interacting with LRPPRC (leucine-rich pentatricopeptide-repeat containing) protein, a protein localized in mitochondria. MINOS1, GPD2, and LRPPRC in mitochondria were required for mitochondrial inner membrane. The results of in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that miR-1 overexpression induced mitophagy of cancer stem cells. Therefore, our study contributed novel insights into the mechanism of miRNA-mediated regulation of mitochondria morphology of cancer stem cells.
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7
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Peng L, Guo JC, Long L, Pan F, Zhao JM, Xu LY, Li EM. A Novel Clinical Six-Flavoprotein-Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3869825. [PMID: 31815134 PMCID: PMC6878914 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3869825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Flavoproteins and their interacting proteins play important roles in mitochondrial electron transport, fatty acid degradation, and redox regulation. However, their clinical significance and function in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are little known. Here, using survival analysis and machine learning, we mined 179 patient expression profiles with ESCC in GSE53625 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and constructed a signature consisting of two flavoprotein genes (GPD2 and PYROXD2) and four flavoprotein interacting protein genes (CTTN, GGH, SRC, and SYNJ2BP). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the signature was significantly associated with the survival of ESCC patients (mean survival time: 26.77 months in the high-risk group vs. 54.97 months in the low-risk group, P < 0.001, n = 179), and time-dependent ROC analysis demonstrated that the six-gene signature had good predictive ability for six-year survival for ESCC (AUC = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.81-0.90). We then validated its prediction performance in an independent set by RT-PCR (mean survival: 15.73 months in the high-risk group vs. 21.1 months in the low-risk group, P=0.032, n = 121). Furthermore, RNAi-mediated knockdown of genes in the flavoprotein signature led to decreased proliferation and migration of ESCC cells. Taken together, CTTN, GGH, GPD2, PYROXD2, SRC, and SYNJ2BP have an important clinical significance for prognosis of ESCC patients, suggesting they are efficient prognostic markers and potential targets for ESCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Cheng Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Long
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Mei Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
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Gao K, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Kong W, Xie H, Wang J, Wu Y, Wu X, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Yu ACH, Jiang Y. Large De Novo Microdeletion in Epilepsy with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, with a Systems Biology Analysis. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 21:247-266. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94593-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Shimojima K, Okamoto N, Yamamoto T. Possible genes responsible for developmental delay observed in patients with rare 2q23q24 microdeletion syndrome: Literature review and description of an additional patient. Congenit Anom (Kyoto) 2017; 57:109-113. [PMID: 27957763 DOI: 10.1111/cga.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cases of 2q23q24 microdeletion syndrome are rare. Patients with chromosomal deletions in this region often show language impairment and/or developmental delay of variable severity. Previous genotype-phenotype correlation study suggested GALNT13 and KCNJ3 as possible candidate genes for such phenotypes. We identified a new overlapping deletion in a patient with severe developmental delay. The identified deletion extended toward the distal 2q24.1 region, and more severe phenotypes in the present patient were considered to be related to the additionally deleted genes including NR4A2 and GPD2. Previously reported chromosomal translocation and the mutation identified in GPD2 suggested that this gene would be responsible for the developmental delay. Re-evaluation for the critical region for behavior abnormalities commonly observed in the patients with overlapping deletions of this region suggested that KCNJ3 rather than GALNT13 may be responsible for abnormal behaviors, although there was phenotypic variability. Combinatory deletions involving KCNJ3 and GPD2 may lead to more severe developmental delay. Further studies would be necessary to establish clearer genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with 2q23q24 microdeletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shimojima
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Tokyo Women's Medical University Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Mazziotti R, Baroncelli L, Ceglia N, Chelini G, Sala GD, Magnan C, Napoli D, Putignano E, Silingardi D, Tola J, Tognini P, Arthur JSC, Baldi P, Pizzorusso T. Mir-132/212 is required for maturation of binocular matching of orientation preference and depth perception. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15488. [PMID: 28534484 PMCID: PMC5457514 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to mediate post-transcriptional gene regulation, but their role in postnatal brain development is still poorly explored. We show that the expression of many miRNAs is dramatically regulated during functional maturation of the mouse visual cortex with miR-132/212 family being one of the top upregulated miRNAs. Age-downregulated transcripts are significantly enriched in miR-132/miR-212 putative targets and in genes upregulated in miR-132/212 null mice. At a functional level, miR-132/212 deletion affects development of receptive fields of cortical neurons determining a specific impairment of binocular matching of orientation preference, but leaving orientation and direction selectivity unaltered. This deficit is associated with reduced depth perception in the visual cliff test. Deletion of miR-132/212 from forebrain excitatory neurons replicates the binocular matching deficits. Thus, miR-132/212 family shapes the age-dependent transcriptome of the visual cortex during a specific developmental window resulting in maturation of binocular cortical cells and depth perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Mazziotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA University of Florence, Area San Salvi—Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Baroncelli
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicholas Ceglia
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Gabriele Chelini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA University of Florence, Area San Salvi—Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Grazia Della Sala
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA University of Florence, Area San Salvi—Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Christophe Magnan
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Debora Napoli
- BIO@SNS lab, Scuola Normale Superiore via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Putignano
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Davide Silingardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA University of Florence, Area San Salvi—Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy
| | - Jonida Tola
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Tognini
- BIO@SNS lab, Scuola Normale Superiore via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - J. Simon C. Arthur
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Pierre Baldi
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Tommaso Pizzorusso
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health NEUROFARBA University of Florence, Area San Salvi—Pad. 26, 50135 Florence, Italy
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
- BIO@SNS lab, Scuola Normale Superiore via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy
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11
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Malbin J, Fallah MS, Sharifi Z, Shafaei M, Bagherian H, Mostafaei TP, Aliev R, Zainal S. Cryptic de novo deletion at 2q23.3-q24.1 in a patient with intellectual disability. J Genet 2016; 95:441-5. [PMID: 27350689 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-016-0630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamileh Malbin
- Azerbaijan National Academy of Science (ANAS), Genetic Resources Institute, Baku AZ1005, Azerbaijan.
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12
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Xia M, Broek JAC, Jouroukhin Y, Schoenfelder J, Abazyan S, Jaaro-Peled H, Sawa A, Bahn S, Pletnikov M. Cell Type-Specific Effects of Mutant DISC1: A Proteomics Study. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2016; 2:28-36. [PMID: 27606318 DOI: 10.1159/000444587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recent progress in psychiatric genetics, very few studies have focused on genetic risk factors in glial cells that, compared to neurons, can manifest different molecular pathologies underlying psychiatric disorders. In order to address this issue, we studied the effects of mutant disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a genetic risk factor for schizophrenia, in cultured primary neurons and astrocytes using an unbiased mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach. We found that selective expression of mutant DISC1 in neurons affects a wide variety of proteins predominantly involved in neuronal development (e.g., SOX1) and vesicular transport (Rab proteins), whereas selective expression of mutant DISC1 in astrocytes produces changes in the levels of mitochondrial (GDPM), nuclear (TMM43) and cell adhesion (ECM2) proteins. The present study demonstrates that DISC1 variants can perturb distinct molecular pathways in a cell type-specific fashion to contribute to psychiatric disorders through heterogenic effects in diverse brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xia
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA; Preclinical College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Jantine A C Broek
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yan Jouroukhin
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA
| | - Jeannine Schoenfelder
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofya Abazyan
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA
| | - Hanna Jaaro-Peled
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA
| | - Sabine Bahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mikhail Pletnikov
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA; Departments of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md., USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md., USA
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13
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Martano G, Murru L, Moretto E, Gerosa L, Garrone G, Krogh V, Passafaro M. Biosynthesis of glycerol phosphate is associated with long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons. Metabolomics 2016; 12:133. [PMID: 27499721 PMCID: PMC4958395 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-016-1083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurons have a very high energy requirement, and their metabolism is tightly regulated to ensure delivery of adequate substrate to sustain neuronal activity and neuroplastic changes. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of neuronal metabolism, however, are not completely clear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the central carbon metabolism in neurons, in order to identify the regulatory pathways governing neuronal anabolism and catabolism. METHODS Here we first have applied MS-based endometabolomics to elucidate the metabolic dynamics in cultured hippocampal primary neurons. Using nanoLC-ESI-LTQ Orbitrap MS approach followed by statistical analysis, we measure the dynamics of uniformly labeled 13C-glucose entering neurons. We adapted the method by coupling offline patch-clamp setup with MS to confirm findings in vivo. RESULTS According to non-parametric statistical analysis of metabolic dynamics, in cultured hippocampal neurons, the glycerol phosphate shuttle is active and correlates with the metabolic flux in the pentose phosphate pathway. In the hippocampus, glycerol-3-phosphate biosynthesis was activated in response to long-term potentiation together with the upregulation of glycolysis and the TCA cycle, but was inactive or silenced in basal conditions. CONCLUSIONS We identified the biosynthesis of glycerol-3-phosphate as a key regulator in mechanisms implicated in learning and memory. Notably, defects in enzymes linked with the glycerol phosphate shuttle have been implicated in neurological disorders and intellectual disability. These results could improve our understanding of the general mechanisms of learning and memory and facilitate the development of novel therapies for metabolic disorders linked with intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Martano
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Murru
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Moretto
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Gerosa
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Garrone
- Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Passafaro
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via L. Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
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14
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Bharadwaj MS, Zhou Y, Molina AJ, Criswell T, Lu B. Examination of bioenergetic function in the inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase 2-like (Immp2l) mutant mice. Redox Biol 2014; 2:1008-15. [PMID: 25460737 PMCID: PMC4215389 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inner mitochondrial membrane peptidase 2-like (IMMP2L) protein is a mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase that cleaves the signal peptide sequences of cytochrome c1 (CYC1) and mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2). Immp2l mutant mice show infertility and early signs of aging. It is unclear whether mitochondrial respiratory deficiency underlies this phenotype. Here we show that the intermediate forms of GPD2 and CYC1 have normal expression levels and enzymatic function in Immp2l mutants. Mitochondrial respiration is not diminished in isolated mitochondria and cells from mutant mice. Our data suggest that respiratory deficiency is not the cause of the observed Immp2l mutant phenotypes. Expression of IMMP2L substrates CYC1 and GPD2 is not affected in Immp2l mutant mice. Mitochondria of mutant mice have normal complex III and GPD2 activities. Mitochondrial respiration of mutant mice is not diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish S Bharadwaj
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Yu Zhou
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Anthony J Molina
- Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Tracy Criswell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Baisong Lu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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15
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Mitochondrial FAD-linked Glycerol-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase: A Target for Cancer Therapeutics. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2014; 7:192-206. [PMID: 24521925 PMCID: PMC3942692 DOI: 10.3390/ph7020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalances in cellular redox state are frequently observed in cancer cells, and contribute significantly to cancer progression and apoptotic resistance. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is produced in excess within cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate-dependent (GPD2) ROS production in PC-3 cells and demonstrated the importance of excessive H2O2 production on their survival. By exploiting the abnormal H2O2 production of PC-3 cells, we initiated a high-throughput screening of the Canadian Compound Collection, composed of 29,586 small molecules, targeting the glycerophosphate-dependent H2O2 formation in PC-3 cells. Eighteen compounds were identified to have significant inhibitory activity. These compounds have not been previously characterized as inhibitors of the enzyme. Six of these compounds were further analyzed in PC-3 cells and dose response studies displayed an inhibitory and anti-oxidative potency that ranged from 1 µM to 30 µM. The results presented here demonstrate that inhibitors of mitochondrial GPD2 activity elicit anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells.
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16
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Barge-Schaapveld DQCM, Ofman R, Knegt AC, Alders M, Höhne W, Kemp S, Hennekam RCM. Intellectual disability and hemizygous GPD2 mutation. Am J Med Genet A 2013; 161A:1044-50. [PMID: 23554088 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.35873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on a 25-year-old female with intellectual disability, mildly unusual face, and a pervasive developmental disorder, in whom routine aCGH showed a 298 kb de novo deletion at chromosome 2q24.1(156869529-157167986 × 1). The region contained two genes (NR4A2; GPD2). Molecular studies in the proposita showed an additional variant in GPD2 (c.614C > T, p.Pro205Leu), which was predicted to be pathogenic. The variant was also present in the healthy mother and sister. Functional analysis showed absent GPD2 activity in the proposita and 50% activity in mother and sister. We conclude that we have been able to find circumstantial evidence for the causative effect of the hemizygous GPD2 mutation but full proof remained lacking. Total costs for the work-up in these patients were high (€21,975 [$27,029]). Similar results will increasingly be found when Next Generation Techniques will be applied widely in patients with intellectual disability, and proving pathogenicity by functional studies or in animal models will be expensive. We advocate the use of freely accessible international databases combining phenotype and genotype data using standard nomenclatures to facilitate proving pathogenicity of research data and to decrease costs of health care.
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17
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Orr AL, Quinlan CL, Perevoshchikova IV, Brand MD. A refined analysis of superoxide production by mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:42921-35. [PMID: 23124204 PMCID: PMC3522288 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.397828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate by mitochondrial sn-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) is a major pathway for transfer of cytosolic reducing equivalents to the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It is known to generate H(2)O(2) at a range of rates and from multiple sites within the chain. The rates and sites depend upon tissue source, concentrations of glycerol 3-phosphate and calcium, and the presence of different electron transport chain inhibitors. We report a detailed examination of H(2)O(2) production during glycerol 3-phosphate oxidation by skeletal muscle, brown fat, brain, and heart mitochondria with an emphasis on conditions under which mGPDH itself is the source of superoxide and H(2)O(2). Importantly, we demonstrate that a substantial portion of H(2)O(2) production commonly attributed to mGPDH originates instead from electron flow through the ubiquinone pool into complex II. When complex II is inhibited and mGPDH is the sole superoxide producer, the rate of superoxide production depends on the concentrations of glycerol 3-phosphate and calcium and correlates positively with the predicted reduction state of the ubiquinone pool. mGPDH-specific superoxide production plateaus at a rate comparable with the other major sites of superoxide production in mitochondria, the superoxide-producing center shows no sign of being overreducible, and the maximum superoxide production rate correlates with mGPDH activity in four different tissues. mGPDH produces superoxide approximately equally toward each side of the mitochondrial inner membrane, suggesting that the Q-binding pocket of mGPDH is the major site of superoxide generation. These results clarify the maximum rate and mechanism of superoxide production by mGPDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Orr
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California 94945, USA.
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18
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Mráček T, Drahota Z, Houštěk J. The function and the role of the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in mammalian tissues. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2012; 1827:401-10. [PMID: 23220394 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2012.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) is not included in the traditional textbook schemes of the respiratory chain, reflecting the fact that it is a non-standard, tissue-specific component of mammalian mitochondria. But despite its very simple structure, mGPDH is a very important enzyme of intermediary metabolism and as a component of glycerophosphate shuttle it functions at the crossroads of glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. In this review we summarize the present knowledge on the structure and regulation of mGPDH and discuss its metabolic functions, reactive oxygen species production and tissue and organ specific roles in mammalian mitochondria at physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Mráček
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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19
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Ren CM, Liang Y, Wei F, Zhang YN, Zhong SQ, Gu H, Dong XS, Huang YY, Ke H, Son XM, Tang D, Chen Z. Balanced translocation t(3;18)(p13;q22.3) and points mutation in the ZNF407 gene detected in patients with both moderate non-syndromic intellectual disability and autism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2012. [PMID: 23195952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a common disease. While the etiology remains incompletely understood, genetic defects are a major contributor, which include mutations in genes encoding zinc finger proteins. These proteins modulate gene expression via binding to DNA. Consistent with this knowledge, we report here the identification of mutations in the ZNF407 gene in ID/autistic patients. In our study of an ID patient with autism, a reciprocal translocation 46,XY,t(3;18)(p13;q22.3) was detected. By using FISH and long-range PCR approaches, we have precisely mapped the breakpoints associated with this translocation in a gene-free region in chromosome 3 and in the third intron of the ZNF407 gene in chromosome18. The latter reduces ZNF407 expression. Consistent with this observation, in our subsequent investigation of 105 ID/autism patients with similar clinical presentations, two missense mutations Y460C and P1195A were identified. These mutations cause non-conservative amino acid substitutions in the linker regions between individual finger structures. In line with the linker regions being critical for the integrity of zinc finger motifs, both mutations may result in loss of ZNF407 function. Taken together, we demonstrate that mutations in the ZNF407 gene contribute to the pathogenesis of a group of ID patients with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-mian Ren
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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20
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Zhou K, Yang Y, Gao L, He G, Li W, Tang K, Ji B, Zhang M, Li Y, Yang J, Sun L, Zhang Z, Zhu H, He L, Wan C. NMDA receptor hypofunction induces dysfunctions of energy metabolism and semaphorin signaling in rats: a synaptic proteome study. Schizophr Bull 2012; 38:579-91. [PMID: 21084551 PMCID: PMC3329985 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbq132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
There is considerable evidence to suggest that aberrations of synapse connectivity contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated glutamate transmission is especially important. Administration of MK-801 ([+]-5-methyl-10, 11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-[a, d]-cycloheptene-5, 10-iminehydrogenmaleate) induces hypofunction of NMDA receptors in rats, which are widely used as a model for schizophrenia. We investigated synaptosomal proteome expression profiling of the cerebral cortex of MK-801-treated Sprague-Dawley rats using the 2-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis method, and 49 differentially expression proteins were successfully identified using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight/Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry. We carried out a literature search for further confirmation of subsynaptic locations and to explore the relevance to the diseases of differentially expressed proteins. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) was used to further examine the underlying relationship between the changed proteins. The network encompassing "cell morphology, cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, nervous system development and function" was found to be significantly altered in the MK-801-treated rats. "Energy metabolism" and "semaphorin signaling in neurons" are the most significant IPA canonical pathways to be affected by MK-801 treatment. Using western blots, we confirmed the differential expression of Camk2a, Crmp2, Crmp5, Dnm1, and Ndufs3 in both synaptosome proteins and total proteins in the cerebral cortex of the rats. Our study identified the change and/or response of the central nervous transmission system under the stress of NMDA hypofunction, underlining the importance of the synaptic function in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejun Zhou
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifeng Yang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghan Gao
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kefu Tang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohu Ji
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinglei Yang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Sun
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunling Wan
- Bio-X Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China,Institutes for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: 00-86-21-62932779, fax: 00-86-21-62822491, e-mail:
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21
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Balanced translocations in mental retardation. Hum Genet 2009; 126:133-47. [PMID: 19347365 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-009-0661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the knowledge on genetic defects causing mental retardation has dramatically increased. In this review, we discuss the importance of balanced chromosomal translocations in the identification of genes responsible for mental retardation. We present a database-search guided overview of balanced translocations identified in patients with mental retardation. We divide those in four categories: (1) balanced translocations that helped to identify a causative gene within a contiguous gene syndrome, (2) balanced translocations that led to the identification of a mental retardation gene confirmed by independent methods, (3) balanced translocations disrupting candidate genes that have not been confirmed by independent methods and (4) balanced translocations not reported to disrupt protein coding sequences. It can safely be concluded that balanced translocations have been instrumental in the identification of multiple genes that are involved in mental retardation. In addition, many more candidate genes were identified with a suspected but (as yet?) unconfirmed role in mental retardation. Some balanced translocations do not disrupt a protein coding gene and it can be speculated that in the light of recent findings concerning ncRNA's and ultra-conserved regions, such findings are worth further investigation as these potentially may lead us to the discovery of novel disease mechanisms.
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