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Bourret SL, Kovach RP, Cline TJ, Strait JT, Muhlfeld CC. High dispersal rates in hybrids drive expansion of maladaptive hybridization. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221813. [PMID: 36350203 PMCID: PMC9653238 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybridization between native and invasive species, a major cause of biodiversity loss, can spread rapidly even when hybrids have reduced fitness. This paradox suggests that hybrids have greater dispersal rates than non-hybridized individuals, yet this mechanism has not been empirically tested in animal populations. Here, we test if non-native genetic introgression increases reproductive dispersal using a human-mediated hybrid zone between native cutthroat trout (<i>Oncorhynchus clarkii</i>) and invasive rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) in a large and connected river system. We quantified the propensity for individuals to migrate from natal rearing habitats (migrate), reproduce in non-natal habitats (stray), and the joint probability of dispersal as a function of genetic ancestry. Hybrid trout with predominantly non-native rainbow trout ancestry were more likely to migrate as juveniles and to stray as adults. Overall, hybrids with greater than 50% rainbow trout ancestry were 5.7 times more likely to disperse than native or hybrid trout with small amounts of rainbow trout ancestry. Our results show a genetic basis for increased dispersal in hybrids that is likely contributing to the rapid expansion of invasive hybridization between these species. Management actions that decrease the probability of hybrid dispersal may mitigate the harmful effects of invasive hybridization on native biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. Bourret
- Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 490 N. Meridian Rd. Kalispell, MT 59901, USA
| | - Ryan P. Kovach
- Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, University of Montana, Fish Conservation Genetics Lab, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Timothy J. Cline
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 38 Mather Dr., West Glacier, MT 59936, USA
| | - Jeffrey T. Strait
- Idaho Department of Fish and Game, 2885 W. Kathleen Ave., Coeur d'Alene, ID 83815, USA
| | - Clint C. Muhlfeld
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 38 Mather Dr., West Glacier, MT 59936, USA
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3
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Dunkle MR, Dunbeck RA, Caudill CC. Fish carcasses alter subyearling Chinook salmon dispersal behavior and density but not growth in experimental mesocosms. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Dunkle
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
| | - Ryan A. Dunbeck
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
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4
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Hegg JC, Kennedy BP. Let's do the time warp again: non‐linear time series matching as a tool for sequentially structured data in ecology. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jens C. Hegg
- Department of Fish & Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
| | - Brian P. Kennedy
- Department of Fish & Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
- Department of Biology University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
- Department of Geology University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844 USA
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5
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Kaemingk MA, Swearer SE, Bury SJ, Shima JS. Landscape edges shape dispersal and population structure of a migratory fish. Oecologia 2019; 190:579-588. [PMID: 31230154 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04440-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Many freshwater organisms have a life-history stage that can disperse through seawater. This has obvious benefits for colonization and connectivity of fragmented sub-populations, but requires a physiologically challenging migration across a salinity boundary. We consider the role of landscape boundaries between freshwater and seawater habitats, and evaluate their potential effects on traits and developmental histories of larvae and juveniles (i.e., dispersing life-history stages) of an amphidromous fish, Galaxias maculatus. We sampled juvenile fish on their return to 20 rivers in New Zealand: 10 rivers had abrupt transitions to the sea (i.e., emptying to an open coastline); these were paired with 10 nearby rivers that had gradual transitions to the sea (i.e., emptying into estuarine embayments). We reconstructed individual dispersal histories using otolith microstructure, otolith microchemistry, and stable isotope analysis. We found that fish recruiting to embayment rivers had distinct dispersal and foraging histories, were slower growing, smaller in size, and older than fish recruiting to nearby non-embayment rivers. Our results indicate that landscape edges can affect dispersal capabilities of aquatic organisms, potentially leading to divergent life-history strategies (i.e., limited- versus widespread-dispersal). Patterns also suggest that dispersal potential among landscape boundaries can create heterogeneity in the traits of individuals, with implications for metapopulation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Kaemingk
- Victoria University Coastal Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand. .,Current Address: Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
| | - S E Swearer
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - S J Bury
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Greta Point, 301 Evans Bay Parade, Hataitai, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - J S Shima
- Victoria University Coastal Ecology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
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6
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Hegg JC, Middleton J, Robertson BL, Kennedy BP. The sound of migration: exploring data sonification as a means of interpreting multivariate salmon movement datasets. Heliyon 2018. [PMID: 29527578 PMCID: PMC5842366 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The migration of Pacific salmon is an important part of functioning freshwater ecosystems, but as populations have decreased and ecological conditions have changed, so have migration patterns. Understanding how the environment, and human impacts, change salmon migration behavior requires observing migration at small temporal and spatial scales across large geographic areas. Studying these detailed fish movements is particularly important for one threatened population of Chinook salmon in the Snake River of Idaho whose juvenile behavior may be rapidly evolving in response to dams and anthropogenic impacts. However, exploring movement data sets of large numbers of salmon can present challenges due to the difficulty of visualizing the multivariate, time-series datasets. Previous research indicates that sonification, representing data using sound, has the potential to enhance exploration of multivariate, time-series datasets. We developed sonifications of individual fish movements using a large dataset of salmon otolith microchemistry from Snake River Fall Chinook salmon. Otoliths, a balance and hearing organ in fish, provide a detailed chemical record of fish movements recorded in the tree-like rings they deposit each day the fish is alive. This data represents a scalable, multivariate dataset of salmon movement ideal for sonification. We tested independent listener responses to validate the effectiveness of the sonification tool and mapping methods. The sonifications were presented in a survey to untrained listeners to identify salmon movements with increasingly more fish, with and without visualizations. Our results showed that untrained listeners were most sensitive to transitions mapped to pitch and timbre. Accuracy results were non-intuitive; in aggregate, respondents clearly identified important transitions, but individual accuracy was low. This aggregate effect has potential implications for the use of sonification in the context of crowd-sourced data exploration. The addition of more fish, and visuals, to the sonification increased response time in identifying transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens C Hegg
- Dept. of Fish & Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, 975 W 6th St, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
| | - Jonathan Middleton
- Department of Music, Eastern Washington University, 119 Music Building, Cheney, WA 99004, United States.,Faculty of Communication Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014, Finland
| | - Ben Luca Robertson
- McIntire Department of Music, University of Virginia, 112 Cabell Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22904, United States
| | - Brian P Kennedy
- Dept. of Fish & Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, 975 W 6th St, Moscow, ID 83844, United States.,Department of Biology, Life Sciences South 252, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States.,Department of Geology, McClure Hall 203, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
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7
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Waples RS, Elz A, Arnsberg BD, Faulkner JR, Hard JJ, Timmins-Schiffman E, Park LK. Human-mediated evolution in a threatened species? Juvenile life-history changes in Snake River salmon. Evol Appl 2017; 10:667-681. [PMID: 28717387 PMCID: PMC5511361 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Evaluations of human impacts on Earth's ecosystems often ignore evolutionary changes in response to altered selective regimes. Freshwater habitats for Snake River fall Chinook salmon (SRFCS), a threatened species in the US, have been dramatically changed by hydropower development and other watershed modifications. Associated biological changes include a shift in juvenile life history: Historically essentially 100% of juveniles migrated to sea as subyearlings, but a substantial fraction have migrated as yearlings in recent years. In contemplating future management actions for this species should major Snake River dams ever be removed (as many have proposed), it will be important to understand whether evolution is at least partially responsible for this life-history change. We hypothesized that if this trait is genetically based, parents who migrated to sea as subyearlings should produce faster-growing offspring that would be more likely to reach a size threshold to migrate to sea in their first year. We tested this with phenotypic data for over 2,600 juvenile SRFCS that were genetically matched to parents of hatchery and natural origin. Three lines of evidence supported our hypothesis: (i) the animal model estimated substantial heritability for juvenile growth rate for three consecutive cohorts; (ii) linear modeling showed an association between juvenile life history of parents and offspring growth rate; and (iii) faster-growing juveniles migrated at greater speeds, as expected if they were more likely to be heading to sea. Surprisingly, we also found that parents reared a full year in a hatchery produced the fastest growing offspring of all-apparently an example of cross-generational plasticity associated with artificial propagation. We suggest that SRFCS is an example of a potentially large class of species that can be considered to be "anthro-evolutionary"-signifying those whose evolutionary trajectories have been profoundly shaped by altered selective regimes in human-dominated landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin S Waples
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA
| | - Anna Elz
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA
| | - Billy D Arnsberg
- Department of Fisheries Resources Management Nez Perce Tribe Lapwai ID USA
| | - James R Faulkner
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA
| | - Jeffrey J Hard
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA
| | - Emma Timmins-Schiffman
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA.,Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA
| | - Linda K Park
- Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seattle WA USA
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Brennan SR, Schindler DE. Linking otolith microchemistry and dendritic isoscapes to map heterogeneous production of fish across river basins. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:363-377. [PMID: 27875020 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Production patterns of highly mobile species, such as anadromous fish, often exhibit high spatial and temporal heterogeneity across landscapes. Such variability is often asynchronous in time among habitats, which stabilizes production at aggregate scales of complexity. Reconstructing production patterns explicitly in space and time across multiple scales, however, remains difficult but is important for prioritizing habitat conservation. This is especially true for fishes inhabiting river basins due to long-range dispersal, high mortality at early life stages, complex population structure and elusive life history variation. We develop a new approach for mapping production patterns of Pacific salmon across a large river basin by integrating otolith microchemistry and dendritic isoscape models. The geographically continuous Bayesian assignment framework presented here yielded high accuracies (>90%) and relatively high precisions (precisions <4%; i.e., assignment areas of <530 river km of the 13 100 km total river length) when used to determine the natal source of known-origin juvenile Chinook salmon captured throughout the study region. Integrating these methods enabled us to base estimates of provenance and habitat use of individuals on a per location basis using strontium isotopic data throughout the continuous spatial domain of a river network. Such a framework provides substantial advantages over the more common nominal approach to employing otolith microchemistry to reconstruct movement patterns of fish. In doing so, we reconstructed the spatial production patterns of adult Chinook salmon returning to a large watershed in Bristol Bay, Alaska and illustrate the power of such an approach to conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R Brennan
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98105, USA
| | - Daniel E Schindler
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98105, USA
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9
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Crowley BE, Miller JH, Bataille CP. Strontium isotopes ( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) in terrestrial ecological and palaeoecological research: empirical efforts and recent advances in continental-scale models. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 92:43-59. [PMID: 26392144 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) isotope analysis can provide detailed biogeographical and ecological information about modern and ancient organisms. Because Sr isotope ratios (87 Sr/86 Sr) in biologically relevant materials such as water, soil, vegetation, and animal tissues predominantly reflect local geology, they can be used to distinguish geologically distinct regions as well as identify highly mobile individuals or populations. While the application of Sr isotope analysis to biological research has been steadily increasing, high analytical costs have prohibited more widespread use. Additionally, accessibility of this geochemical tool has been hampered due to limited understanding of (i) the degree to which biologically relevant materials differ in their spatial averaging of 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios, and (ii) how these differences may be affected by lithologic complexity. A recently developed continental-scale model that accounts for variability in bedrock weathering rates and predicts Sr isotope ratios of surface water could help resolve these questions. In addition, if this 'local water' model can accurately predict 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios for other biologically relevant materials, there would be reduced need for researchers to assess regional Sr isotope patterns empirically. Here, we compile 87 Sr/86 Sr data for surface water, soil, vegetation, and mammalian and fish skeletal tissues from the literature and compare the accuracy with which the local water model predicts Sr isotope data among these five materials across the contiguous USA. We find that measured Sr isotope ratios for all five materials are generally close to those predicted by the local water model, although not with uniform accuracy. Mammal skeletal tissues are most accurately predicted, particularly in regions with low variability in 87 Sr/86 Sr predicted by the local water model. Increasing regional geologic heterogeneity increases both the offset and variance between modelled and empirical Sr isotope ratios, but its effects are broadly similar across materials. The local water model thus provides a readily available source of background data for predicting 87 Sr/86 Sr for biologically relevant materials in places where empirical data are lacking. The availability of increasingly high-quality modelled Sr data will dramatically expand the accessibility of this geochemical tool to ecological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Crowley
- Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology and Physics Building, Cincinnati, OH 45221, U.S.A.,Department of Anthropology, 481 Braunstein, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, U.S.A
| | - Joshua H Miller
- Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, 500 Geology and Physics Building, Cincinnati, OH 45221, U.S.A.,Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013, U.S.A
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10
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Hegg JC, Giarrizzo T, Kennedy BP. Diverse Early Life-History Strategies in Migratory Amazonian Catfish: Implications for Conservation and Management. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129697. [PMID: 26153984 PMCID: PMC4496080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal migrations provide important ecological functions and can allow for increased biodiversity through habitat and niche diversification. However, aquatic migrations in general, and those of the world's largest fish in particular, are imperiled worldwide and are often poorly understood. Several species of large Amazonian catfish carry out some of the longest freshwater fish migrations in the world, travelling from the Amazon River estuary to the Andes foothills. These species are important apex predators in the main stem rivers of the Amazon Basin and make up the region's largest fishery. They are also the only species to utilize the entire Amazon Basin to complete their life cycle. Studies indicate both that the fisheries may be declining due to overfishing, and that the proposed and completed dams in their upstream range threaten spawning migrations. Despite this, surprisingly little is known about the details of these species' migrations, or their life history. Otolith microchemistry has been an effective method for quantifying and reconstructing fish migrations worldwide across multiple spatial scales and may provide a powerful tool to understand the movements of Amazonian migratory catfish. Our objective was to describe the migratory behaviors of the three most populous and commercially important migratory catfish species, Dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii), Piramutaba (Brachyplatystoma vaillantii), and Piraíba (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum). We collected fish from the mouth of the Amazon River and the Central Amazon and used strontium isotope signatures ((87)Sr/(86)Sr) recorded in their otoliths to determine the location of early rearing and subsequent. Fish location was determined through discriminant function classification, using water chemistry data from the literature as a training set. Where water chemistry data was unavailable, we successfully in predicted (87)Sr/(86)Sr isotope values using a regression-based approach that related the geology of the upstream watershed to the Sr isotope ratio. Our results provide the first reported otolith microchemical reconstruction of Brachyplatystoma migratory movements in the Amazon Basin. Our results indicate that juveniles exhibit diverse rearing strategies, rearing in both upstream and estuary environments. This contrasts with the prevailing understanding that juveniles rear in the estuary before migrating upstream; however, it is supported by some fisheries data that has indicated the presence of alternate spawning and rearing life-histories. The presence of alternate juvenile rearing strategies may have important implications for conservation and management of the fisheries in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens C. Hegg
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
| | - Tommaso Giarrizzo
- Laboratório de Biologia Pesqueira—Manejo dos Recursos Aquáticos, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Brian P. Kennedy
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
- Departments of Geological Sciences and Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America
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11
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Brennan SR, Zimmerman CE, Fernandez DP, Cerling TE, McPhee MV, Wooller MJ. Strontium isotopes delineate fine-scale natal origins and migration histories of Pacific salmon. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1400124. [PMID: 26601173 PMCID: PMC4640640 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Highly migratory organisms present major challenges to conservation efforts. This is especially true for exploited anadromous fish species, which exhibit long-range dispersals from natal sites, complex population structures, and extensive mixing of distinct populations during exploitation. By tracing the migratory histories of individual Chinook salmon caught in fisheries using strontium isotopes, we determined the relative production of natal habitats at fine spatial scales and different life histories. Although strontium isotopes have been widely used in provenance research, we present a new robust framework to simultaneously assess natal sources and migrations of individuals within fishery harvests through time. Our results pave the way for investigating how fine-scale habitat production and life histories of salmon respond to perturbations-providing crucial insights for conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R. Brennan
- School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
- Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Christian E. Zimmerman
- Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Affiliate faculty, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 505 S Chandalar Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - Diego P. Fernandez
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Thure E. Cerling
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Megan V. McPhee
- School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
- Kyeta Consulting, 3261 Nowell Ave., Juneau, AK 99801, USA
| | - Matthew J. Wooller
- School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
- Water and Environmental Research Center, Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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Chittaro PM, Zabel RW, Beckman B, Larsen DA, Tillotson A. Validation of Daily Increment Formation in Otoliths from Spring Chinook Salmon. NORTHWEST SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.3955/046.089.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bourret SL, Kennedy BP, Caudill CC, Chittaro PM. Using otolith chemical and structural analysis to investigate reservoir habitat use by juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2014; 85:1507-1525. [PMID: 25229130 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Isotopic composition of (87) Sr:(86) Sr and natural elemental tracers (Sr, Ba, Mg, Mn and Ca) were quantified from otoliths in juvenile and adult Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha to assess the ability of otolith microchemistry and microstructure to reconstruct juvenile O. tshawytscha rearing habitat and growth. Daily increments were measured to assess relative growth between natal rearing habitats. Otolith microchemistry was able to resolve juvenile habitat use between reservoir and natal tributary rearing habitats (within headwater basins), but not among catchments. Results suggest that 90% (n = 18) of sampled non-hatchery adults returning to the Middle Fork Willamette River were reared in a reservoir and 10% (n = 2) in natal tributary habitat upstream from the reservoir. Juveniles collected in reservoirs had higher growth rates than juveniles reared in natal streams. The results demonstrate the utility of otolith microchemistry and microstructure to distinguish among rearing habitats, including habitats in highly altered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Bourret
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83843-1136, U.S.A
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