1
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Westneat DF. Biological Links between Personality and Plasticity: Testing Some Alternative Hypotheses. Am Nat 2024; 203:174-188. [PMID: 38306285 DOI: 10.1086/727700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
AbstractWhen organisms respond behaviorally to a stimulus, they exhibit plasticity, but some individuals respond to the same stimulus consistently differently than others, thereby also exhibiting personality differences. Parent house sparrows express individual differences in how often they feed offspring and how that feeding rate changes with nestling age. Mean feeding rate and its slope with respect to nestling age were positively correlated at median nestling ages but not at hatching, indicating that individuality is primarily in plasticity. Individual differences could arise because of (1) interactions between environmental variables, (2) differences in underlying state or "quality," or (3) differences in the ability to update cues of changing nestling demand. Individual slopes were modestly repeatable across breeding attempts, hinting at the likely action of additional environmental variables, but only brood size was important. I also found few correlates suggesting quality differences. I used short-term brood size manipulations at two nestling ages to test divergent predictions between the three hypotheses. The pattern of correlations between response to the manipulation and individual slope did not fit any single hypothesis. Patterns of sparrow parental care reveal that personality and plasticity are not cleanly separable, and their biology is likely intertwined. New thinking may be needed about the factors parents use in decisions about care and the relevant fitness consequences.
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2
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Sasson D, Agali U, Brouk R, Hercules J, Kilmer J, Macchiano A, Ola-Ajose A, Fowler-Finn K. The potential for the evolution of thermally sensitive courtship behaviours in the treehopper, Enchenopa binotata. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:1442-1454. [PMID: 36129909 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of animals to adapt to warming will depend on the evolutionary potential of thermally sensitive traits. The number of studies measuring the quantitative genetics of a wide variety of thermally sensitive traits has steadily increased; however, no study has yet investigated the quantitative genetics of thermal sensitivity for courtship traits. Since courtship often precedes mating, the ability of these traits to respond to warming may impact reproduction and therefore population persistence. Here, we use classic quantitative genetics breeding design to estimate heritability of various aspects of the thermal sensitivity of courtship behaviours in the treehopper Enchenopa binotata. We generated individual-level thermal courtship activity curves for males and females and measured levels of genetic variation in the thermal sensitivity of courtship activity. We found low heritability with 95% credible intervals that did not approach zero for most traits. Levels of genetic variation were highest in traits describing thermal tolerance. We also found some evidence for genetic correlations between traits within but not across sexes. Together, our results suggest that the range of temperatures over which these treehoppers actively court can evolve, although it remains unclear whether adaptation can happen quickly enough to match the speed of warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sasson
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Uchechukwu Agali
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Harris-Stowe State University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel Brouk
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacob Hercules
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Joey Kilmer
- Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Anthony Macchiano
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Abisiola Ola-Ajose
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Harris-Stowe State University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kasey Fowler-Finn
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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3
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Killen SS, Cortese D, Cotgrove L, Jolles JW, Munson A, Ioannou CC. The Potential for Physiological Performance Curves to Shape Environmental Effects on Social Behavior. Front Physiol 2021; 12:754719. [PMID: 34858209 PMCID: PMC8632012 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.754719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As individual animals are exposed to varying environmental conditions, phenotypic plasticity will occur in a vast array of physiological traits. For example, shifts in factors such as temperature and oxygen availability can affect the energy demand, cardiovascular system, and neuromuscular function of animals that in turn impact individual behavior. Here, we argue that nonlinear changes in the physiological traits and performance of animals across environmental gradients—known as physiological performance curves—may have wide-ranging effects on the behavior of individual social group members and the functioning of animal social groups as a whole. Previous work has demonstrated how variation between individuals can have profound implications for socially living animals, as well as how environmental conditions affect social behavior. However, the importance of variation between individuals in how they respond to changing environmental conditions has so far been largely overlooked in the context of animal social behavior. First, we consider the broad effects that individual variation in performance curves may have on the behavior of socially living animals, including: (1) changes in the rank order of performance capacity among group mates across environments; (2) environment-dependent changes in the amount of among- and within-individual variation, and (3) differences among group members in terms of the environmental optima, the critical environmental limits, and the peak capacity and breadth of performance. We then consider the ecological implications of these effects for a range of socially mediated phenomena, including within-group conflict, within- and among group assortment, collective movement, social foraging, predator-prey interactions and disease and parasite transfer. We end by outlining the type of empirical work required to test the implications for physiological performance curves in social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun S Killen
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Daphne Cortese
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Cotgrove
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jolle W Jolles
- Center for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amelia Munson
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Christos C Ioannou
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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4
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de Rysky E, Roberta B, Andrea C, Daniele C. Measuring athletic performance in post-metamorphic fire salamanders. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:399. [PMID: 34702356 PMCID: PMC8549336 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Athletic performances are dynamic movements that are physically challenging and often predict individual success in ecological contexts. They stem from a complex integration of multiple phenotypic traits-e.g., morphological, physiological and behavioural-that dictate animal survival and individual fitness. However, directly quantifying athletic performances can be particularly challenging in cryptic, slow-moving species or not very reactive in attitude. Here we present and describe a rapid, simple, and low-cost method to measure athletic performance in post-metamorphic individuals of the fire salamander Salamandra salamandra. While extremely reactive during the larval stage, adult salamanders are, in fact, cryptic and relatively slow-moving. RESULTS Forcing terrestrial juveniles to swim under standard, albeit ecologically plausible, laboratory conditions, and using an automatic point-mass tracking tool, we were able to measure maximal and average performance indicators of post-metamorphic individuals. This method avoids inter-individual variation in motivation, as it forces individuals to perform at their best. Moreover, with this method, measures of athletic performance will be directly comparable between larval and terrestrial stages, allowing to study the contribution of carryover effects to the wide range of processes implicated in the eco-evo-devo of athletic performance in salamanders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica de Rysky
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Ecologiche E Biologiche, Università Della Tuscia. Viale Dell'Università S.N.C, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Bisconti Roberta
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Ecologiche E Biologiche, Università Della Tuscia. Viale Dell'Università S.N.C, 01100, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Chiocchio Andrea
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Ecologiche E Biologiche, Università Della Tuscia. Viale Dell'Università S.N.C, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Canestrelli Daniele
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Ecologiche E Biologiche, Università Della Tuscia. Viale Dell'Università S.N.C, 01100, Viterbo, Italy
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5
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Seebacher F, Little AG. Plasticity of Performance Curves in Ectotherms: Individual Variation Modulates Population Responses to Environmental Change. Front Physiol 2021; 12:733305. [PMID: 34658917 PMCID: PMC8513571 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.733305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many ectothermic animals can respond to changes in their environment by altering the sensitivities of physiological rates, given sufficient time to do so. In other words, thermal acclimation and developmental plasticity can shift thermal performance curves so that performance may be completely or partially buffered against the effects of environmental temperature changes. Plastic responses can thereby increase the resilience to temperature change. However, there may be pronounced differences between individuals in their capacity for plasticity, and these differences are not necessarily reflected in population means. In a bet-hedging strategy, only a subsection of the population may persist under environmental conditions that favour either plasticity or fixed phenotypes. Thus, experimental approaches that measure means across individuals can not necessarily predict population responses to temperature change. Here, we collated published data of 608 mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) each acclimated twice, to a cool and a warm temperature in random order, to model how diversity in individual capacity for plasticity can affect populations under different temperature regimes. The persistence of both plastic and fixed phenotypes indicates that on average, neither phenotype is selectively more advantageous. Fish with low acclimation capacity had greater maximal swimming performance in warm conditions, but their performance decreased to a greater extent with decreasing temperature in variable environments. In contrast, the performance of fish with high acclimation capacity decreased to a lesser extent with a decrease in temperature. Hence, even though fish with low acclimation capacity had greater maximal performance, high acclimation capacity may be advantageous when ecologically relevant behaviour requires submaximal locomotor performance. Trade-offs, developmental effects and the advantages of plastic phenotypes together are likely to explain the observed population variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexander G Little
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Complex, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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6
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Cox CL, Tribble HO, Richardson S, Chung AK, Curlis JD, Logan ML. Thermal ecology and physiology of an elongate and semi-fossorial arthropod, the bark centipede. J Therm Biol 2020; 94:102755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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7
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Shah AA, Bacmeister EMS, Rubalcaba JG, Ghalambor CK. Divergence and constraint in the thermal sensitivity of aquatic insect swimming performance. Curr Zool 2020; 66:555-564. [PMID: 33293933 PMCID: PMC7705504 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental temperature variation may play a significant role in the adaptive evolutionary divergence of ectotherm thermal performance curves (TPCs). However, divergence in TPCs may also be constrained due to various causes. Here, we measured TPCs for swimming velocity of temperate and tropical mayflies (Family: Baetidae) and their stonefly predators (Family: Perlidae) from different elevations. We predicted that differences in seasonal climatic regimes would drive divergence in TPCs between temperate and tropical species. Stable tropical temperatures should favor the evolution of "specialists" that perform well across a narrow range of temperatures. Seasonally, variable temperatures in temperate zones, however, should favor "generalists" that perform well across a broad range of temperatures. In phylogenetically paired comparisons of mayflies and stoneflies, swimming speed was generally unaffected by experimental temperature and did not differ among populations between latitudes, suggesting a maintenance of performance breadth across elevation and latitude. An exception was found between temperate and tropical mayflies at low elevation where climatic differences between latitudes are large. In addition, TPCs did not differ between mayflies and their stonefly predators, except at tropical low elevation. Our results indicate that divergence in TPCs may be constrained in aquatic insects except under the most different thermal regimes, perhaps because of trade-offs that reduce thermal sensitivity and increase performance breadth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha A Shah
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Eva M S Bacmeister
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
| | - Juan G Rubalcaba
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Docteur Penfield, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cameron K Ghalambor
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
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8
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Aparicio Ramirez A, Perez K, Telemeco RS. Thermoregulation and thermal performance of crested geckos (
Correlophus ciliatus
) suggest an extended optimality hypothesis for the evolution of thermoregulatory set‐points. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 335:86-95. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Perez
- Department of Biology California State University Fresno Fresno California
| | - Rory S. Telemeco
- Department of Biology California State University Fresno Fresno California
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9
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Ambient temperature alters body size and gut microbiota of Xenopus tropicalis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 63:915-925. [PMID: 31686318 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-9540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is important to determine physiological status of ectotherms. However, it is still not fully understood how amphibians and their symbiotic microbiota acclimate to ambient temperature. In this study, we investigated the changes of gut microbiota of Xenopus tropicalis at different temperatures under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed that microbial communities were distinct and shared only a small overlap among froglet guts, culture water and food samples. Furthermore, the dominant taxa harbored in the gut exhibited low relative abundance in water and food. It indicates that bacterial taxa selected by amphibian gut were generally of low abundance in the external environment. Temperature could affect beta-diversity of gut microbiota in terms of phylogenetic distance, but it did not affect alpha diversity. The composition of gut microbiota was similar in warm and cool treatments. However, signature taxa in different temperature environments were identified. The relationships between temperature, gut microbiota and morphology traits of X. tropicalis revealed in this study help us to predict the consequences of environmental changes on ectothermic animals.
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10
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Moen DS. What Determines the Distinct Morphology of Species with a Particular Ecology? The Roles of Many-to-One Mapping and Trade-Offs in the Evolution of Frog Ecomorphology and Performance. Am Nat 2019; 194:E81-E95. [DOI: 10.1086/704736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Myette AL, Hossie TJ, Murray DL. Defensive posture in a terrestrial salamander deflects predatory strikes irrespective of body size. Behav Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arz137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A wide variety of prey use defensive postures as a means of protection from predators. Many salamanders engage in broadly similar defensive postures, which may function as a warning signal and reduce the probability of attack, or may deflect predator attacks away from vital body parts. The extent to which these strategies (i.e., aposematism and deflection) act exclusively or synergistically, however, remains unknown. We deployed clay salamanders in the field, manipulating size (small, large) and posture (resting, defensive), and documented attack rates across three predator types. Competing risks analysis revealed that attack rates were affected by model size, deployment period, and leaf litter depth at the site of deployment, whereas model posture had no significant effect. Model size and posture did not interact, indicating that defensive posture was ineffective in deterring attack irrespective of prey size. Model prey in the defensive posture received significantly more attacks on the tail irrespective of size, and the defensive posture was more effective at deflecting avian attacks compared to mammal predation. We conclude that defensive posture increases tail conspicuousness without increasing predation risk, and primarily functions to deflect attacks away from vital body parts. The efficacy of defection may be further increased by tail undulation, however our use of static models means that we cannot exclude aposematic or deimatic functions for such movements. Our results provide important support for the deflection hypothesis in explaining antipredator behavior, and thereby set the stage for additional research targeting the functionality of attack deflection in natural predator–prey encounters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L Myette
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hossie
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dennis L Murray
- Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Gilbert AL, Miles DB. Spatiotemporal variation in thermal niches suggests lability rather than conservatism of thermal physiology along an environmental gradient. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Temperature variation throughout a species range can be extensive and exert divergent spatiotemporal patterns of selection. The estimation of phenotypic differences of populations along environmental gradients provides information regarding population-level responses to changing environments and evolutionary lability in climate-relevant traits. However, few studies have found physiological differentiation across environmental gradients attributable to behavioural thermoregulation buffering physiological evolution. Here, we compared thermal sensitivity of physiological performance among three populations of the ornate tree lizard (Urosaurus ornatus) along a 1100 m elevational gradient in southeastern Arizona across years in order to determine whether spatial differences in thermal environments are capable of driving local physiological differentiation. Lizards exhibited significant population-level differences in thermal physiology. The thermal traits of lizards at low elevations included warmer body temperatures and higher preferred and critical thermal temperatures. In contrast, lizards at higher elevations had cooler body temperatures and lower preferred and critical thermal temperatures. Populations also exhibited differences in the optimal temperature for performance and thermal performance breadth. The direction of population variation was consistent across years. Environmental gradients can provide model systems for studying the evolution of thermal physiology, and our study is one of the first to suggest that population differentiation in thermal physiology could be more prominent than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Donald B Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies, Athens, OH, USA
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13
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Padilla P, Ducret V, Bonneaud C, Courant J, Herrel A. Acclimation temperature effects on locomotor traits in adult aquatic anurans ( X. tropicalis and X. laevis) from different latitudes: possible implications for climate change. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz019. [PMID: 31139411 PMCID: PMC6528024 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is in part responsible for the 70% decline in amphibian species numbers worldwide. Although temperature is expected to impact whole-organism performance in ectotherms, reversible thermal acclimation has been suggested as a mechanism that may buffer responses to abrupt temperature changes. Here, we test for an effect of acclimation on locomotor performance traits (jump force and stamina) in adults of two predominantly aquatic and closely related frog species from different climatic regions, Xenopus tropicalis (tropical) and Xenopus laevis (temperate). We find significant effects of acclimation temperature on exertion capacity and for jump force in X. tropicalis but no effect of acclimation temperature on burst performance in X. laevis. Our results suggest that the two locomotor performance traits measured are differentially impacted by acclimation temperature in X. tropicalis. Our results further support the hypothesis that lower-latitude ectotherms might have greater acclimation capacity than high-latitude ones. Finally, our results highlight the importance of investigating multiple performance traits when evaluating how animals may cope with changes in temperature. Further work is required to evaluate the potential for acclimation in mitigating the negative impacts of climate change on amphibian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Padilla
- Département Adaptations du Vivant, UMR 7179, Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Ducret
- Département Adaptations du Vivant, UMR 7179, Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, France
| | - Camille Bonneaud
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - Julien Courant
- Département Adaptations du Vivant, UMR 7179, Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, France
| | - Anthony Herrel
- Département Adaptations du Vivant, UMR 7179, Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, Paris, France
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Corresponding author: Département Adaptations du Vivant, UMR 7179, CNRS/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France. Tel: +33 140798120.
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14
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Robinson CD, Gifford ME. Covariation between Thermally Mediated Color and Performance Traits in a Lizard. Physiol Biochem Zool 2018; 91:1013-1025. [PMID: 30080441 DOI: 10.1086/699616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Physiological changes in response to environmental cues are not uncommon. Temperature has strong, predictable effects on many traits, such that many traits in ectotherms follow stereotyped thermal performance curves in response to increasing temperature. The prairie lizard-an abundant lizard throughout the central United States-has thermally sensitive, blue abdominal and throat patches. Currently, the role of these patches is not well understood. In this study, we set out to investigate whether individual plasticity in patch color paralleled individual plasticity in sprint speed (do they covary), and if the plasticity in these two patches signal redundant or independent information, testing competing hypotheses suggested for the evolution of multiple signals. We found that both abdominal and throat patch hue follow classical thermal performance curves, suggesting that at the species level hue is a good predictor of sprinting ability. At the individual level, we found that color and performance were statistically repeatable, so individuals with relatively high phenotypic values maintain relatively high phenotypic values across all temperatures. Additionally, we found that abdominal and patch hue covary with sprinting speed at the individual level. Together, these results suggest that the bluest individuals are the fastest individuals across temperatures. However, we found that abdominal and throat patch hue do not covary with each other at the individual level, suggesting that these signals may have independent functions. The importance of examining the function of individual variation cannot be overstated, and overall, more work is needed to better understand both the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying signal plasticity in this species and others.
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15
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Koenig AM, Ousterhout BH. Behavioral syndrome persists over metamorphosis in a pond-breeding amphibian. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Mochida K, Sasai T, Kadota Y, Nishikawa M, Itou MM, Toda M. Thermal Reaction Norms of Locomotor Performance in Lacertid Lizards of the Genus Takydromus. CURRENT HERPETOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.5358/hsj.37.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mochida
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, JAPAN
- Department of Biology, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8521, JAPAN
| | - Takahide Sasai
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, JAPAN
- Suma Aqualife Park Kobe, Suma, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0049, JAPAN
| | - Yohei Kadota
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
| | - Mari Nishikawa
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
| | - Makoto M. Itou
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, JAPAN
| | - Mamoru Toda
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, JAPAN
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17
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De Villiers FA, Measey J. Overland movement in African clawed frogs ( Xenopus laevis): empirical dispersal data from within their native range. PeerJ 2017; 5:e4039. [PMID: 29134157 PMCID: PMC5683045 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal forms are an important component of the ecology of many animals, and reach particular importance for predicting ranges of invasive species. African clawed frogs (Xenopus laevis) move overland between water bodies, but all empirical studies are from invasive populations with none from their native southern Africa. Here we report on incidents of overland movement found through a capture-recapture study carried out over a three year period in Overstrand, South Africa. The maximum distance moved was 2.4 km with most of the 91 animals, representing 5% of the population, moving ∼150 m. We found no differences in distances moved by males and females, despite the former being smaller. Fewer males moved overland, but this was no different from the sex bias found in the population. In laboratory performance trials, we found that males outperformed females, in both distance moved and time to exhaustion, when corrected for size. Overland movement occurred throughout the year, but reached peaks in spring and early summer when temporary water bodies were drying. Despite permanent impoundments being located within the study area, we found no evidence for migrations of animals between temporary and permanent water bodies. Our study provides the first dispersal kernel for X. laevis and suggests that it is similar to many non-pipid anurans with respect to dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- F André De Villiers
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - John Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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18
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Thermal performance curves under daily thermal fluctuation: A study in helmeted water toad tadpoles. J Therm Biol 2017; 70:80-85. [PMID: 29108561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Most research in physiological ecology has focused on the effects of mean changes in temperature under the classic "hot vs cold" acclimation treatment; however, current evidence suggests that an increment in both the mean and variance of temperature could act synergistically to amplify the negative effects of global temperature increase and how it would affect fitness and performance-related traits in ectothermic organisms. We assessed the effects of acclimation to daily variance of temperature on thermal performance curves of swimming speed in helmeted water toad tadpoles (Calyptocephalella gayi). Acclimation treatments were 20°C ± 0.1 SD (constant) and 20°C ± 1.5 SD (fluctuating). We draw two key findings: first, tadpoles exposed to daily temperature fluctuation had reduced maximal performance (Zmax), and flattened thermal performance curves, thus supporting the "vertical shift or faster-slower" hypothesis, and suggesting that overall swimming performance would be lower through an examination of temperatures under more realistic and ecologically-relevant fluctuating regimens; second, there was significant interindividual variation in performance traits by means of significant repeatability estimates. Our present results suggest that the widespread use of constant acclimation temperatures in laboratory experiments to estimate thermal performance curves (TPCs) may lead to an overestimation of actual organismal performance. We encourage the use of temperature fluctuation acclimation treatments to better understand the variability of physiological traits, which predict ecological and evolutionary responses to global change.
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19
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Careau V, Wilson RS. Of Uberfleas and Krakens: Detecting Trade-offs Using Mixed Models. Integr Comp Biol 2017; 57:362-371. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icx015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Careau
- Canada Research Chair in Functional Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Robbie S. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD St Lucia, Australia
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20
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Vickers MJ, Aubret F, Coulon A. Using GAMM to examine inter-individual heterogeneity in thermal performance curves for Natrix natrix indicates bet hedging strategy by mothers. J Therm Biol 2017; 63:16-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Cortes PA, Puschel H, Acuña P, Bartheld JL, Bozinovic F. Thermal ecological physiology of native and invasive frog species: do invaders perform better? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 4:cow056. [PMID: 27933168 PMCID: PMC5141634 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cow056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are recognized as an important biotic component of global change that threatens the composition, structure and functioning of ecosystems, resulting in loss of biodiversity and displacement of native species. Although ecological characteristics facilitating the establishment and spread of non-native species are widely recognized, little is known about organismal attributes underlying invasion success. In this study, we tested the effect of thermal acclimation on thermal tolerance and locomotor performance in the invasive Xenopus laevis and the Chilean native Calyptocephalella gayi. In particular, the maximal righting performance (μMAX), optimal temperature (TO), lower (CTmin) and upper critical thermal limits (CTmax), thermal breadth (Tbr) and the area under the performance curve (AUC) were studied after 6 weeks acclimation to 10 and 20°C. We observed higher values of μmax and AUC in X. laevis in comparison to C. gayi. On the contrary, the invasive species showed lower values of CTmin in comparison to the native one. In contrast, CTmax, TO and Tbr showed no inter-specific differences. Moreover, we found that both species have the ability to acclimate their locomotor performance and lower thermal tolerance limit at low temperatures. Our results demonstrate that X. laevis is a better performer than C. gayi. Although there were differences in CTmin, the invasive and native frogs did not differ in their thermal tolerance. Interestingly, in both species the lower and upper critical thermal limits are beyond the minimal and maximal temperatures encountered in nature during the coldest and hottest month, respectively. Overall, our findings suggest that both X. laevis and C. gayi would be resilient to climate warming expectations in Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A. Cortes
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - Hans Puschel
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
| | - Paz Acuña
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - José L. Bartheld
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Departamento de Ecología, Center of Applied Ecology & Sustainability (CAPES), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 6513677, Chile
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22
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Introduction to the Symposium: Beyond the Mean: Biological Impacts of Changing Patterns of Temperature Variation. Integr Comp Biol 2016; 56:11-3. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icw020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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23
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Gilbert AL, Miles DB. Food, temperature and endurance: effects of food deprivation on the thermal sensitivity of physiological performance. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. Gilbert
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens OH USA
- Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies Athens OH USA
| | - Donald B. Miles
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens OH USA
- Ohio Center for Ecological and Evolutionary Studies Athens OH USA
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24
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Youngquist MB, Sitvarin MI. Predicting Predatory Outcomes in the Context of Carryover Effects: Interactions between Juvenile Frogs and Spider Predators. Ethology 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael I. Sitvarin
- Department of Biology; Miami University; Oxford OH 45056 USA
- Department of Entomology; University of Kentucky; Lexington 40546 KY USA
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25
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Videlier M, Cornette R, Bonneaud C, Herrel A. Sexual differences in exploration behavior in Xenopus tropicalis? J Exp Biol 2015; 218:1733-9. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.120618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The two sexes of a species often differ in many ways. How sexes differ depends on the selective context, with females often investing more in reproductive output and males in territory defense and resource acquisition. This also implies that behavioral strategies may differ between the two sexes allowing them to optimize their fitness in a given ecological context. Here we investigate whether males and females differ in their exploration behavior in an aquatic frog (X. tropicalis). Moreover, we explore whether females show different behavioral strategies in the exploration of a novel environment as has been demonstrated previously for males of the same species. Our results show significant sex differences with males exploring their environment more than females. Yet, similarly to males, female exploratory behavior varied significantly among individuals and broadly fell into three categories: shy, intermediate and bold. Moreover, like in males, behavioral strategies are decoupled from morphology and performance. Our results suggest that females are more sedentary than males, with males engaging in greater risk taking by exploring novel environments more. Male and female behaviors could, however, be classified into similar groups, with some individuals being bolder than others and displaying more exploration behavior. The decoupling of morphology and performance from behavior appears to be a general feature in the species and may allow selection to act on both types of traits independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Videlier
- UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Raphaël Cornette
- Origine, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité, UMR 7205, CNRS/MNHN, 45 rue Buffon, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Camille Bonneaud
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179 C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N., Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité, 57 rue Cuvier, Case postale 55, 75231, Paris Cedex 5, France
- Ghent University, Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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26
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Herrel A, Vasilopoulou-Kampitsi M, Bonneaud C. Jumping performance in the highly aquatic frog, Xenopus tropicalis: sex-specific relationships between morphology and performance. PeerJ 2014; 2:e661. [PMID: 25392760 PMCID: PMC4226644 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Frogs are characterized by a morphology that has been suggested to be related to their unique jumping specialization. Yet, the functional demands associated with jumping and swimming may not be that different as suggested by studies with semi-aquatic frogs. Here, we explore whether features previously identified as indicative of good burst swimming performance also predict jumping performance in a highly aquatic frog, Xenopus tropicalis. Moreover, we test whether the morphological determinants of jumping performance are similar in the two sexes and whether jumping performance differs in the two sexes. Finally we test whether jumping capacity is positively associated with burst swimming and terrestrial endurance capacity in both sexes. Our results show sex-specific differences in jumping performance when correcting for differences in body size. Moreover, the features determining jumping performance are different in the two sexes. Finally, the relationships between different performance traits are sex-dependent as well with females, but not males, showing a trade-off between peak jumping force and the time jumped to exhaustion. This suggests that different selective pressures operate on the two sexes, with females being subjected to constraints on locomotion due to their greater body mass and investment in reproductive capacity. In contrast, males appear to invest more in locomotor capacity giving them higher performance for a given body size compared to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179, CNRS/MNHN, Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité , Paris Cedex , France ; Ghent University, Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates , Gent , Belgium
| | | | - Camille Bonneaud
- Centre for Ecology & Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Penryn, Cornwall , UK
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27
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Videlier M, Bonneaud C, Cornette R, Herrel A. Exploration syndromes in the frog X
enopus (
S
ilurana) tropicalis
: correlations with morphology and performance? J Zool (1987) 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Videlier
- UMR 7179; Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
| | - C. Bonneaud
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Penryn Cornwall UK
| | - R. Cornette
- UMR 7205; Origine, Structure et Evolution de la Biodiversité; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
| | - A. Herrel
- UMR 7179; Département d'Ecologie et de Gestion de la Biodiversité; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Paris France
- Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates; Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
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