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Gao J, Zhu Y, Zhang R, Xu J, Zhou R, Di M, Zhang D, Liang W, Zhou X, Ren X, Li H, Yang Y. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Phage against Vibrio alginolyticus Belonging to a New Genus. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9132. [PMID: 39201817 PMCID: PMC11354583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio alginolyticus causes substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry. With the rise of multidrug-resistant Vibrio strains, phages present a promising solution. Here, a novel lytic Vibrio phage, vB_ValC_RH2G (RH2G), that efficiently infects the pathogenic strain V. alginolyticus ATCC 17749T, was isolated from mixed wastewater from an aquatic market in Xiamen, China. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that RH2G has the morphology of Siphoviruses, featuring an icosahedral head (73 ± 2 nm diameter) and long noncontractile tail (142 ± 4 nm). A one-step growth experiment showed that RH2G had a short latent period (10 min) and a burst size of 48 phage particles per infected cell. Additionally, RH2G was highly species-specific and was relatively stable at 4-55 °C and pH 4-10. A genomic analysis showed that RH2G has a 116,749 bp double-stranded DNA genome with 43.76% GC content. The intergenomic similarity between the genome sequence of RH2G and other phages recorded in the GenBank database was below 38.8%, suggesting that RH2G represents a new genus. RH2G did not exhibit any virulence or resistance genes. Its rapid lysis capacity, lytic activity, environmental resilience, and genetic safety suggested that RH2G may be a safe candidate for phage therapy in combatting vibriosis in aquaculture settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University (Xiang’an), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuang Zhu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China;
| | - Juntian Xu
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Runjie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Trophic Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;
- Centre for Regional Oceans, Department of Ocean Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Meiqi Di
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Di Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development/Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Wenxin Liang
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Xing Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
| | - Xing Ren
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Resources, Environment and Sustainable Development/Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536000, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Jiangsu Institute of Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China; (J.G.); (J.X.); (D.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University (Xiang’an), Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yunlan Yang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China;
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Tadeu AD, Duarte J, Trindade D, Costa P, Venâncio C, Lopes I, Oliveira V, Gomes NCM, Almeida A, Pereira C. Bacteriophages to control Vibrio alginolyticus in live feeds prior to their administration in larviculture. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae115. [PMID: 38710582 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of two phages [VB_VaC_TDDLMA (phage TDD) and VB_VaC_SRILMA (phage SRI)] alone and in a cocktail to control Vibrio alginolyticus in brine shrimp before their administration in larviculture. METHODS AND RESULTS Phages were isolated from seawater samples and characterized by host spectrum, growth parameters, adsorption rate, genomic analysis, and inactivation efficiency. Both phages belong to the Caudoviricetes class and lack known virulence or antibiotic-resistance genes. They exhibit specificity, infecting only their host, V. alginolyticus CECT 521. Preliminary experiments in a culture medium showed that phage TDD (reduction of 5.8 log CFU ml-1 after 10 h) outperformed phage SRI (reduction of 4.6 log CFU ml-1 after 6 h) and the cocktail TDD/SRI (reduction of 5.2 log CFU ml-1 after 8 h). In artificial marine water experiments with Artemia franciscana, both single phage suspensions and the phage cocktail, effectively inactivated V. alginolyticus in culture water (reduction of 4.3, 2.1, and 1.9 log CFU ml-1 for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 12 h) and in A. franciscana (reduction of 51.6%, 87.3%, and 85.3% for phages TDD, SRI, and the phage cocktail, respectively, after 24 h). The two phages and the phage cocktail did not affect A. franciscana natural microbiota or other Vibrio species in the brine shrimp. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that phages can safely and effectively control V. alginolyticus in A. franciscana prior to its administration in larviculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dias Tadeu
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Duarte
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - David Trindade
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Costa
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cátia Venâncio
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lopes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Oliveira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Newton C M Gomes
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Fu J, Li Y, Zhao L, Wu C, He Z. Characterization of vB_ValM_PVA8, a broad-host-range bacteriophage infecting Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1105924. [PMID: 37250064 PMCID: PMC10213691 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1105924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Phage therapy was taken as an alternative strategy to antibiotics in shrimp farming for the control of Vibrio species of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio alginolyticus, which cause substantial mortality and significant economic losses. In this study, a new Vibrio phage vB_ValM_PVA8 (PVA8), which could efficiently infect pathogenic isolates of V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus, was isolated from sewage water and characterized by microbiological and in silico genomic analyses. The phage was characterized to be a member of the Straboviridae family with elongated head and contractile tail by transmission electron microscopy. Genome sequencing showed that PVA8 had a 246,348-bp double-stranded DNA genome with a G + C content of 42.6%. It harbored totally 388 putative open reading frames (ORFs), among them 92 (23.71%) assigned to functional genes. Up to 27 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes were found in the genome, and the genes for virulence, antibiotic resistance, and lysogeny were not detected. NCBI genomic blasting results and the phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the large terminase subunits and the DNA polymerase indicated that PVA8 shared considerable similarity with Vibrio phage V09 and bacteriophage KVP40. The phage had a latent period of 20 min and a burst size of 309 PFUs/infected cell with the host V. alginolyticus, and it was stable over a broad pH range (4.0-11.0) and a wide temperature span (-80°C to 60°C), respectively, which may benefit its feasibility for phage therapy. In addition, it had the minimum multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.0000001, which revealed its strong multiplication capacity. The shrimp cultivation lab trials demonstrated that PVA8 could be applied in treating pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus infection disease of shrimp with a survival rate of 88.89% comparing to that of 34.43% in the infected group, and the pond application trails confirmed that the implementation of PVA8 could rapidly yet effectively reduce the level of the Vibrio. Taken together, PVA8 may be potential to be explored as a promising biological agent for Vibrio control in aquaculture farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Fu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunguang Wu
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Zengguo He
- College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Bioantai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
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Molina-Quiroz RC, Silva-Valenzuela CA. Interactions of Vibrio phages and their hosts in aquatic environments. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 74:102308. [PMID: 37062175 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. These viruses were discovered a century ago and have been used as a model system in microbial genetics and molecular biology. In order to survive, bacteria have to quickly adapt to phage challenges in their natural settings. In turn, phages continuously develop/evolve mechanisms for battling host defenses. A deeper understanding of the arms race between bacteria and phages is essential for the rational design of phage-based prophylaxis and therapies to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Vibrio species and their phages (vibriophages) are a suitable model to study these interactions. Phages are highly ubiquitous in aquatic environments and Vibrio are waterborne bacteria that must survive the constant attack by phages for successful transmission to their hosts. Here, we review relevant literature from the past two years to delve into the molecular interactions of Vibrio species and their phages in aquatic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto C Molina-Quiroz
- Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance (Levy CIMAR), Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Yang B, Wang Y, Gao L, Rao SQ, Zhou WY, Yang ZQ, Jiao XA, Mintah BK, Dabbour M. Isolation and genomic characterization of Vmp-1 using Vibrio mimicus as the host: A novel virulent bacteriophage capable of cross-species lysis against three Vibrio spp. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105948. [PMID: 36526034 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio mimicus is a zoonotic pathogen that is widely distributed in aquatic habitats/environments (marine coastal water, estuaries, etc). The development of biocontrol agents for V. mimicus is imperative for the prevention and control of aquatic animal diseases and human food-borne infections. In this study, a broad-spectrum bacteriophage Vmp-1 was isolated from dealt aquatic product in a local market by double-layer agar plate method using V. mimicus CICC21613 as the host bacteria. Results indicated that Vmp-1, which belongs to the family Podoviridae, showed good pH tolerance (pH 3.0-12.0) and thermal stability (30-50 °C). The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of Vmp-1 was 0.001 for a 20-min incubation and 100-min lysis period. Vmp-1 effectively controlled V. mimicus CICC21613 in LBS model (MOI = 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1) within 8 h. The full length of the Vmp-1 genome was 43,312 bp, with average GC content of 49.5%, and a total of 44 protein-coding regions. This study provides a novel phage strain that has the highest homology with vB_VpP_HA5 (GenBank: OK585159.1, 95.96%) for the development of biocontrol agents for V. mimicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Sheng-Qi Rao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Wen-Yuan Zhou
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Zhen-Quan Yang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China.
| | - Xin-An Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, PR China
| | | | - Mokhtar Dabbour
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, P.O. Box 13736, Moshtohor, Qaluobia, Egypt
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Molina-Quiroz RC, Camilli A, Silva-Valenzuela CA. Role of Bacteriophages in the Evolution of Pathogenic Vibrios and Lessons for Phage Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1404:149-173. [PMID: 36792875 PMCID: PMC10587905 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-22997-8_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Viruses of bacteria, i.e., bacteriophages (or phages for short), were discovered over a century ago and have played a major role as a model system for the establishment of the fields of microbial genetics and molecular biology. Despite the relative simplicity of phages, microbiologists are continually discovering new aspects of their biology including mechanisms for battling host defenses. In turn, novel mechanisms of host defense against phages are being discovered at a rapid clip. A deeper understanding of the arms race between bacteria and phages will continue to reveal novel molecular mechanisms and will be important for the rational design of phage-based prophylaxis and therapies to prevent and treat bacterial infections, respectively. Here we delve into the molecular interactions of Vibrio species and phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto C Molina-Quiroz
- Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance (Levy CIMAR), Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Camilli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Gut microbiota analysis of Blenniidae fishes including an algae-eating fish and clear boundary formation among isolated Vibrio strains. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4642. [PMID: 35301363 PMCID: PMC8930983 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08511-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Some marine fishes are algae-feeding, and the microorganisms in their digestive tracts produce carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes such as agarose and fucosidase, which are potentially interesting resource for new functional enzymes. The purpose of this study was to establish a method for identifying and utilizing characteristic bacteria from the intestines of two algae-eating fish species: Andamia tetradactylus, which exclusively eats algae on the rock surface, and stellar rockskipper Entomacrodus stellifer, which feeds on both algae and invertebrates. We tested the species composition of the intestinal bacterial flora and found that Proteobacteria were commonly found both in species as in the common gut communities of marine fish, whereas Spirochaetes and Tenericutes occupied the flora of A. tetradactylus. We then performed anaerobic and aerobic cultures and isolated 34 and 44 strains including 48 strains belonged to Vibrio species from A. tetradactylus and E. stellifer. We observed that some Vibrio strains formed a clear boundary to avoid contacting other strains of bacteria. Whole-genome sequencing of such two Vibrio alginolyticus strains revealed two cyclic chromosomes commonly found in the genome of Vibrio species, and some unique genes encoding alginate lyase, chitinases, and type I-F CRISPR-associated endoribonuclease for the first time in Vibrio alginolyticus.
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Characterization and genome analysis of a novel Vibrio parahaemolyticus phage vB_VpP_DE17. Virus Res 2022; 307:198580. [PMID: 34688784 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel phage vB_VpP_DE17, which infects Vibrio parahaemolyticus, was isolated from the sewer of the Huangsha aquatic market in Guangzhou. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that DE17 had an icosahedral head (47 ± 2 nm diameter) and a short, non-contractile tail (17 ± 2 nm). The genome of DE17 was a double-stranded linear DNA with a length of 43,397 bp and GC content of 49.23%. In total, 49 putative open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted and could be divided into six modules: DNA metabolism, lysis, packaging, structure, additional function, and hypothetical proteins. Taxonomic analysis revealed that the phage belonging to the genus of Maculvirus, Autographivirinae subfamily, Podoviridae family. DE17 had a short latent period of 5 min with burst size of 80 pfu/cell. Its optimum temperature and pH ranges were 4 °C-50 °C and 5-10, respectively; it was completely inactivated after 20 min of ultraviolet irradiation. No transfer RNA (tRNA), virulence associated, or antibiotic resistance genes were identified. Bacterial challenge test revealed that DE17 had a certain inhibitory effect on V. parahaemolyticus within 6 h. Characterization, genomic analysis and in vitro antibacterial assays of DE17 will further enhance our understanding of phage biology and diversity.
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Novel PhoH-encoding vibriophages with lytic activity against environmental Vibrio strains. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5321-5331. [PMID: 34379161 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cholera is a devastating diarrheal disease that accounts for more than 10% of children's lives worldwide, but its treatment is hampered by a rise in antibiotic resistance. One promising alternative to antibiotic therapy is the use of bacteriophages to treat antibiotic-resistant cholera infections, and control Vibrio cholera in clinical cases and in the environment, respectively. Here, we report four novel, closely related environmental myoviruses, VP4, VP6, VP18, and VP24, which we isolated from two environmental toxigenic Vibrio cholerae strains from river Kuja and Usenge beach in Kenya. High-throughput sequencing followed by bioinformatics analysis indicated that the genomes of the four bacteriophages have closely related sequences, with sizes of 148,180 bp, 148,181 bp, 148,179 bp, and 148,179 bp, and a G + C content of 36.4%. The four genomes carry the phoH gene, which is overrepresented in marine cyanophages. The isolated phages displayed a lytic activity against 15 environmental, as well as one clinical, Vibrio cholerae strains. Thus, these novel lytic vibriophages represent potential biocontrol candidates for water decontamination against pathogenic Vibrio cholerae and ought to be considered for future studies of phage therapy.
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