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Ahmed S, Chowdhury MAH, Kader SB, Shahriar MH, Begum BA, Eunus M, Sarwar G, Islam T, Alam DS, Parvez F, Raqib R, Ahsan H, Yunus M. Personal exposure to household air pollution and lung function in rural Bangladesh: A population-based cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:385-397. [PMID: 36436222 PMCID: PMC10220216 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2150150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We assessed whether personal exposure to household air pollution [PM2.5 and black carbon (BC)] is associated with lung functions (FEV1, FVC, and their ratio) in non-smoking adults in rural Bangladesh. We measured personal exposure to PM2.5 using gravimetric analysis of PM2.5 mass and BC by reflectance measurement between April 2016 and June 2019. The average 24-hour PM2.5 and BC concentration was 141.0μgm-3 and 13.8μgm-3 for females, and 91.7 μgm-3 and 10.1 μgm-3 for males, respectively. A 1 μgm-3 increase in PM2.5 resulted in a 0.02 ml reduction in FEV1, 0.43 ml reduction in FVC, and 0.004% reduction in FEV1/FVC. We also found a similar inverse relationship between BC and lung functions (9.6 ml decrease in FEV1 and 18.5 ml decrease in FVC per 1μgm-3 increase in BC). A higher proportion of non-smoking biomass fuel users (50.1% of the females and 46.7% of the males) had restrictive patterns of lung function abnormalities, which need further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyfuddin Ahmed
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Muhammad Ashique Haider Chowdhury
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Hasan Shahriar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UChicago Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | | | - Dewan S Alam
- Independent Global Health Epidemiologist, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Biological Science Division, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UChicago Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Md Yunus
- Health Systems and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Maternal and Child Health Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Witinok-Huber R, Clark ML, Volckens J, Young BN, Benka-Coker ML, Walker E, Peel JL, Quinn C, Keller JP. Effects of household and participant characteristics on personal exposure and kitchen concentration of fine particulate matter and black carbon in rural Honduras. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113869. [PMID: 35820656 PMCID: PMC10696621 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditional cooking with solid fuels (biomass, animal dung, charcoals, coal) creates household air pollution that leads to millions of premature deaths and disability worldwide each year. Exposure to household air pollution is highest in low- and middle-income countries. Using data from a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial of a cookstove intervention among 230 households in Honduras, we analyzed the impact of household and personal variables on repeated 24-h measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) exposure. Six measurements were collected approximately six-months apart over the course of the three-year study. Multivariable mixed models explained 37% of variation in personal PM2.5 exposure and 49% of variation in kitchen PM2.5 concentrations. Additionally, multivariable models explained 37% and 47% of variation in personal and kitchen BC concentrations, respectively. Stove type, season, presence of electricity, primary stove location, kitchen enclosure type, stove use time, and presence of kerosene for lighting were all associated with differences in geometric mean exposures. Stove type explained the most variability of the included variables. In future studies of household air pollution, tracking the cooking behaviors and daily activities of participants, including outdoor exposures, may explain exposure variation beyond the household and personal variables considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Witinok-Huber
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Maggie L Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Bonnie N Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | - Ethan Walker
- School of Public and Community Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua P Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
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Zhu K, Kawyn MN, Kordas K, Mu L, Yoo EH, Seibert R, Smith LE. Assessing exposure to household air pollution in children under five: A scoping review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119917. [PMID: 35963391 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the differences in the approaches used to assess household air pollution (HAP) is crucial for evaluating HAP-related health effects and interpreting the effectiveness of stove-fuel interventions. Our review aims to understand how exposure to HAP from solid fuels was measured in epidemiological studies in children under five. We conducted a search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Global Health Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL to identify English-language research articles published between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2022. Two researchers applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria independently. Study region, type of measurement, study design, health outcomes, and other key characteristics were extracted from each article and analyzed descriptively. Our search strategy yielded 2229 records, of which 185 articles were included. A large proportion was published between 2018 and 2022 (42.1%), applied a cross-sectional study design (47.6%), and took place in low- or lower middle-income countries. Most studies (130/185, 70.3%) assessed HAP using questionnaires/interviews, most frequently posing questions on cooking fuel type, followed by household ventilation and cooking location. Cooking frequency/duration and children's location while cooking was less commonly considered. About 28.6% (53/185) used monitors, but the application of personal portable samplers was limited (particulate matter [PM]: 12/40, 30.0%; carbon monoxide [CO]: 13/34, 38.2%). Few studies used biomarkers or modeling approaches to estimate HAP exposure among children under five. More studies that report household and behavioral characteristics and children's location while cooking, apply personal exposure samplers, and perform biomarker analysis are needed to advance our understandings of HAP exposure among infants and young children, who are particularly susceptible to HAP-related health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Marissa N Kawyn
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Lina Mu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Eun-Hye Yoo
- Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rachel Seibert
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Laura E Smith
- Department of Public and Ecosystem Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Afrane S, Ampah JD, Mensah EA. Visualization and analysis of mapping knowledge domains for the global transition towards clean cooking: a bibliometric review of research output from 1990 to 2020. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23041-23068. [PMID: 34797544 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Current statistics report that 2.6 billion households across the globe rely on polluting and inefficient cooking fuels and technologies, posing death-threatening health risks to people mainly from developing countries/regions. Several studies on clean cooking have been conducted with the emergence of international organizations such as the Clean Cooking Alliance to raise awareness. In the current study, a bibliometric tool, CiteSpace, was employed to analyze the 877 documents retrieved from the SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, and A&HCI databases on clean cooking research from 1990 to 2020. The results reveal that interest in clean cooking research took a sharp rise in the last decade, especially after 2016. The research field has become increasingly interdisciplinary but has mostly centered on environment, energy, and health. The most productive countries/regions in this field are the USA, India, England, and China. The keyword and citation analyses indicate that research in this field mostly focuses on adverse impacts of household air pollution from unclean cooking fuels and technologies on the environment and public health particularly, in developing countries/regions. Also, the drivers and barriers to the large-scale adoption of clean cooking fuels and technologies have become a topic of interest in recent years. The three most studied clean cooking fuels among various regions are LPG, biogas, and electricity. This study synthesizes global research on clean cooking and may be beneficial to other researchers in understanding current trends in this field and serve as a guide for concentrating on the most important topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandylove Afrane
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jeffrey Dankwa Ampah
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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Raju S, Siddharthan T, McCormack MC. Indoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health. Clin Chest Med 2021; 41:825-843. [PMID: 33153698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, more than 4 million deaths annually are attributed to indoor air pollution. This largely preventable exposure represents a key target for reducing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Significant respiratory health effects are observed, ranging from attenuated lung growth and development in childhood to accelerated lung function decline and is determined by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease later in life. Personal exposure to household air pollutants include household characteristics, combustion of solid fuels, cooking practices, and household pest allergens. This review outlines important sources of indoor air pollution, their respiratory health effects, and strategies to reduce household pollution and improve lung health across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath Raju
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street Fifth Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street Fifth Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Meredith C McCormack
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street Fifth Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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Fandiño-Del-Rio M, Kephart JL, Williams KN, Moulton LH, Steenland K, Checkley W, Koehler K. Household air pollution exposure and associations with household characteristics among biomass cookstove users in Puno, Peru. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 191:110028. [PMID: 32846169 PMCID: PMC7658004 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution (HAP) from combustion of biomass fuel, such as wood and animal dung, is among the leading environmental risk factors for preventable disease. Close to half of the world's population relies on biomass cookstoves for their daily cooking needs. Understanding factors that affect HAP can inform measures to maximize the effectiveness of cookstove interventions in a cost-effective manner. However, the impact of kitchen and household characteristics, as well as the presence of secondary stoves, on HAP concentrations is poorly understood in Puno, Peru. OBJECTIVE To explore how household characteristics explain variability of kitchen area concentrations and personal exposures to CO, PM2.5 and BC from biomass cookstoves among women in rural Peru. METHODS Household characteristics (including kitchen materials and layout, wealth, and cooking behaviors) and HAP measurements were collected from 180 households in Puno, Peru, from baseline measurements of a randomized trial. Kitchen area concentrations and personal exposures to carbon monoxide (CO), fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) were sampled for 48 h. We implemented simple and multivariable linear regression models to determine the associations between household characteristics and both kitchen area concentration and personal exposure to each pollutant. RESULTS Mean daily kitchen area concentrations and personal exposures to HAP were, on average, 48 times above World Health Organization indoor guidelines for PM2.5. We found that roof type explained the most variability in HAP and was strongly associated with both kitchen area concentrations and personal exposures for all pollutants after adjusting for other household variables. Personal exposures were 27%-36% lower for PM2.5, CO and BC, in households with corrugated metal roofs, compared to roofs made of natural materials (straw, totora or reed) after adjusting for other factors. Higher kitchen area concentrations were also associated with less wealth, owning more animals, or sampling during the dry season in multivariable models. Having a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and having a chimney were associated with lower personal exposures, but were not associated with kitchen area concentrations. Personal exposures were lower by 21% for PM2.5 and 28% for CO and BC concentrations among participants who had both LPG and biomass stoves compared to those with only biomass cookstoves adjusting for other household factors. CONCLUSIONS Characterizing HAP within different settings can help identify effective and culturally-relevant solutions to reduce HAP exposures. We found that housing roof type is strongly related to kitchen area concentrations and personal exposures to HAP, perhaps because of greater ventilation in kitchens with metal roofs compared to those with thatch roofs. Although HAP concentrations remained above guidelines for all households, promoting use of metal roof materials and LPG stoves may be actionable interventions that can help reduce exposures to HAP in high-altitude rural Peru and similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Fandiño-Del-Rio
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Josiah L Kephart
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Kendra N Williams
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Lawrence H Moulton
- Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Kyle Steenland
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - William Checkley
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Kirsten Koehler
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Díaz de León-Martínez L, de la Sierra-de la Vega L, Palacios-Ramírez A, Rodriguez-Aguilar M, Flores-Ramírez R. Critical review of social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population and their capacity to respond to the COVID-19. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 733:139357. [PMID: 32416536 PMCID: PMC7215151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to conduct a critical analysis of the social, environmental and health risk factors in the Mexican indigenous population in the context of the COVID-19 disease pandemic, and to propose strategies to mitigate the impacts on these communities. Regarding social factors, we identified the return of indigenous people to their communities, poor access to water, language barriers, and limited access to the Internet, as factors that will not allow them to take the minimum preventive measures against the disease. Additionally, environmental risk factors associated with pollutants from biomass burning were identified. In health, the lack of coverage in these areas and comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, respiratory tract infections, and chronic pulmonary diseases were identified. Some existing government programmes were identified that could be supported to address these social, environmental and health gaps. We believe that the best way to address these issues is to strengthen the health system with a community-based approach. Health is the best element of cohesion for inserting development and progress proposals in indigenous communities, given the vulnerability to which they are exposed in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, all information is provided (as possible) on risk factors and potential solutions in indigenous communities in the hope of providing solutions to this pandemic and providing a reference for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Luz de la Sierra-de la Vega
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Av. Universidad 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Andrés Palacios-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Maribel Rodriguez-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- CONACYT Research Fellow, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, CP 78210, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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Rabito FA, Yang Q, Zhang H, Werthmann D, Shankar A, Chillrud S. The association between short-term residential black carbon concentration on blood pressure in a general population sample. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:767-775. [PMID: 32003066 PMCID: PMC7985991 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to black carbon indoors may be associated with blood pressure; however, evidence is limited to vulnerable subpopulations and highly exposed individuals. Our objective was to explore the relationship between indoor black carbon at various exposure windows on resting blood pressure in a general population sample. METHODS Black carbon was measured in the home of 76 individuals aged 10-71 in New Orleans, Louisiana. Exposure was measured every 1 minute for up to 120 hours using an AE51 microaethalometer. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were measured at the conclusion of exposure monitoring. RESULTS In adjusted models, at all exposure windows, increasing black carbon was associated with increased systolic blood pressure. The period 0-72 hours prior to blood pressure measurement showed the strongest effect; a 1 μg/m3 increase in black carbon was associated with a 7.55 mm Hg (P = .02) increase in systolic blood pressure. The relationship was stronger in participants reporting doctor-diagnosed hypertension (β = 6.47 vs β = 3.27). Black carbon was not associated with diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION Increasing black carbon concentration indoors is positively associated with increasing systolic blood pressure with the most relevant exposure window being 0-72 hours prior to blood pressure measurement. Individuals with hypertension may be a more susceptible population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia A. Rabito
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Qiang Yang
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Derek Werthmann
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Arti Shankar
- Department of Global Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Steven Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
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Benka-Coker ML, Peel JL, Volckens J, Good N, Bilsback KR, L'Orange C, Quinn C, Young BN, Rajkumar S, Wilson A, Tryner J, Africano S, Osorto AB, Clark ML. Kitchen concentrations of fine particulate matter and particle number concentration in households using biomass cookstoves in rural Honduras. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113697. [PMID: 31875572 PMCID: PMC7068841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cooking and heating with solid fuels results in high levels of household air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM); however, limited data exist for size fractions smaller than PM2.5 (diameter less than 2.5 μm). We collected 24-h time-resolved measurements of PM2.5 (n = 27) and particle number concentrations (PNC, average diameter 10-700 nm) (n = 44; 24 with paired PM2.5 and PNC) in homes with wood-burning traditional and Justa (i.e., with an engineered combustion chamber and chimney) cookstoves in rural Honduras. The median 24-h PM2.5 concentration (n = 27) was 79 μg/m3 (interquartile range [IQR]: 44-174 μg/m3); traditional (n = 15): 130 μg/m3 (IQR: 48-250 μg/m3); Justa (n = 12): 66 μg/m3 (IQR: 44-97 μg/m3). The median 24-h PNC (n = 44) was 8.5 × 104 particles (pt)/cm3 (IQR: 3.8 × 104-1.8 × 105 pt/cm3); traditional (n = 27): 1.3 × 105 pt/cm3 (IQR: 3.3 × 104-2.0 × 105 pt/cm3); Justa (n = 17): 6.3 × 104 pt/cm3 (IQR: 4.0 × 104-1.2 × 105 pt/cm3). The 24-h average PM2.5 and particle number concentrations were correlated for the full sample of cookstoves (n = 24, Spearman ρ: 0.83); correlations between PM2.5 and PNC were higher in traditional stove kitchens (n = 12, ρ: 0.93) than in Justa stove kitchens (n = 12, ρ: 0.67). The 24-h average concentrations of PM2.5 and PNC were also correlated with the maximum average concentrations during shorter-term averaging windows of one-, five-, 15-, and 60-min, respectively (Spearman ρ: PM2.5 [0.65, 0.85, 0.82, 0.71], PNC [0.74, 0.86, 0.88, 0.86]). Given the moderate correlations observed between 24-h PM2.5 and PNC and between 24-h and the shorter-term averaging windows within size fractions, investigators may need to consider cost-effectiveness and information gained by measuring both size fractions for the study objective. Further evaluations of other stove and fuel combinations are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Benka-Coker
- Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College, 300 North Washington Street, Campus Box 432, Gettysburg, PA, 17325, USA; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Nicholas Good
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Kelsey R Bilsback
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Christian L'Orange
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Bonnie N Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Sarah Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Jessica Tryner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Sebastian Africano
- Trees, Water & People, 633 Remington Street, Fort Collins, CO, 80524, USA
| | - Anibal B Osorto
- Asociación Hondureña para el Desarrollo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Maggie L Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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Schilmann A, Riojas-Rodríguez H, Catalán-Vázquez M, Estevez-García JA, Masera O, Berrueta-Soriano V, Armendariz-Arnez C, Pérez-Padilla R, Cortez-Lugo M, Rodríguez-Dozal S, Romieu I. A follow-up study after an improved cookstove intervention in rural Mexico: Estimation of household energy use and chronic PM 2.5 exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:105013. [PMID: 31352264 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The benefits of improved biomass cookstoves (ICS) depends on their adoption and sustained use. Few studies have documented if and how they are used more than five years after being introduced. We conducted a 9-year prospective cohort study among young rural women in the highlands of Michoacan, Mexico. Participants had received a Patsari ICS during a community trial either in 2005 or 2006. With retrospective information collected in 2012-13, we studied the households' energy use, ICS survival, and cooking practices during the follow-up period. Using an exposure model constructed with personal PM2.5 measurements in a subsample of homes at the time of the initial trial in 2005, we estimated the exposure associated with different energy use patterns during the follow-up period. The ICS had a mean lifespan of 4 years, after which more than half of the stoves were not in use; therefore, the use of open fire increased, particularly among the indigenous communities. ICS use peak was achieved two years after the initial trial, either exclusively or combined with open fire. Yearly household energy use and other variables were used to estimate chronic air pollution exposure. Mean PM2.5 exposure during the follow-up period ranged from 51 to 319 μg/m3; the median was 102 and 146 μg/m3 for mainly ICS and mainly open fire use, respectively. The ICS has a useful period after which it needs maintenance, repair, or replacement. Unfortunately, many programs have not afforded a follow-up component. Exposure to biomass smoke air pollutants can be reduced by using an ICS instead of the traditional open fire. Household energy strategies should ensure equitable access to clean energy options adapted to local needs and preferences with culturally appropriate technology implemented on a sustainable perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Schilmann
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Horacio Riojas-Rodríguez
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Minerva Catalán-Vázquez
- Clinical Epidemiology Department, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jesús Alejandro Estevez-García
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Omar Masera
- Institute for Ecosystem and Sustainability Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
| | - Víctor Berrueta-Soriano
- Interdisciplinary Group on Appropriate Rural Technology (GIRA), Patzcuaro, Michoacan, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Armendariz-Arnez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Pérez-Padilla
- Tobacco and COPD Department, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marlene Cortez-Lugo
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Sandra Rodríguez-Dozal
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Isabelle Romieu
- Environmental Health Department, Centre for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; Hubert Department of Global Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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11
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Young BN, Peel JL, Benka-Coker ML, Rajkumar S, Walker ES, Brook RD, Nelson TL, Volckens J, L’Orange C, Good N, Quinn C, Keller JP, Weller ZD, Africano S, Osorto Pinel AB, Clark ML. Study protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized cookstove intervention in rural Honduras: household air pollution and cardiometabolic health. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:903. [PMID: 31286921 PMCID: PMC6615088 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence links household air pollution exposure from biomass-burning cookstoves to cardiometabolic disease risk. Few randomized controlled interventions of cookstoves (biomass or otherwise) have quantitatively characterized changes in exposure and indicators of cardiometabolic health, a growing and understudied burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Ideally, the solution is to transition households to clean cooking, such as with electric or liquefied petroleum gas stoves; however, those unable to afford or to access these options will continue to burn biomass for the foreseeable future. Wood-burning cookstove designs such as the Justa (incorporating an engineered combustion zone and chimney) have the potential to substantially reduce air pollution exposures. Previous cookstove intervention studies have been limited by stove types that did not substantially reduce exposures and/or by low cookstove adoption and sustained use, and few studies have incorporated community-engaged approaches to enhance the intervention. METHODS/DESIGN We conducted an individual-level, stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial with the Justa cookstove intervention in rural Honduras. We enrolled 230 female primary cooks who were not pregnant, non-smoking, aged 24-59 years old, and used traditional wood-burning cookstoves at baseline. A community advisory board guided survey development and communication with participants, including recruitment and retention strategies. Over a 3-year study period, participants completed 6 study visits approximately 6 months apart. Half of the women received the Justa after visit 2 and half after visit 4. At each visit, we measured 24-h gravimetric personal and kitchen fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations, qualitative and quantitative cookstove use and adoption metrics, and indicators of cardiometabolic health. The primary health endpoints were blood pressure, C-reactive protein, and glycated hemoglobin. Overall study goals are to explore barriers and enablers of new cookstove adoption and sustained use, compare health endpoints by assigned cookstove type, and explore the exposure-response associations between PM2.5 and indicators of cardiometabolic health. DISCUSSION This trial, utilizing an economically feasible, community-vetted cookstove and evaluating endpoints relevant for the major causes of morbidity and mortality in LMICs, will provide critical information for household air pollution stakeholders globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02658383 , posted January 18, 2016, field work completed May 2018. Official title, "Community-Based Participatory Research: A Tool to Advance Cookstove Interventions." Principal Investigator Maggie L. Clark, Ph.D. Last update posted July 12, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie N. Young
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Jennifer L. Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Megan L. Benka-Coker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA USA
| | - Sarah Rajkumar
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Ethan S. Walker
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Robert D. Brook
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Tracy L. Nelson
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - Christian L’Orange
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - Nicholas Good
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Casey Quinn
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
| | - Joshua P. Keller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - Zachary D. Weller
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | | | - Anibal B. Osorto Pinel
- Trees, Water & People, Fort Collins, CO USA
- Asociación Hondureña para el Desarrollo, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Maggie L. Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1681 USA
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12
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Tumwesige V, Okello G, Semple S, Smith J. Impact of partial fuel switch on household air pollutants in sub-Sahara Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 231:1021-1029. [PMID: 28915540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Over 700 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid biomass fuel and use simple cookstoves in poorly ventilated kitchens, which results in high indoor concentrations of household air pollutants. Switching from biomass to biogas as a cooking fuel can reduce airborne emissions of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO), but households often only partially convert to biogas, continuing to use solid biomass fuels for part of their daily cooking needs. There is little evidence of the benefits of partial switching to biogas. This study monitored real-time PM2.5 and CO concentrations in 35 households in Cameroon and Uganda where biogas and firewood (or charcoal) were used. The 24 h mean PM2.5 concentrations in households that used: (1) firewood and charcoal; (2) both firewood (mean 54% cooking time) and biogas (mean 46% cooking time); and (3) only biogas, were 449 μg m-3, 173 μg m-3 and 18 μg m-3 respectively. The corresponding 24 h mean CO concentrations were 14.2 ppm, 2.7 ppm and 0.5 ppm. Concentrations of both PM2.5 and CO were high and exceeded the World Health Organisation guidelines when firewood and charcoal were used. Partially switching to biogas reduced CO exposure to below the World Health Organisation guidelines, but PM2.5 concentrations were only below the 24 h recommended limits when households fully converted to biogas fuel. These results indicate that partial switching from solid fuels to biogas is not sufficient and continues to produce concentrations of household air pollution that are likely to harm the health of those exposed. Programmes introducing biogas should aim to ensure that household energy needs can be fully achieved using biogas with no requirement to continue using solid fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianney Tumwesige
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK; African Centre for Clean Air, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Gabriel Okello
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Westburn Road Aberdeen, AB25 2ZG, UK; African Centre for Clean Air, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sean Semple
- Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Westburn Road Aberdeen, AB25 2ZG, UK
| | - Jo Smith
- Institute of Biological & Environmental Science, University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, UK
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13
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Indoor PM 2.5 exposure affects skin aging manifestation in a Chinese population. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15329. [PMID: 29127390 PMCID: PMC5681690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution is known to be associated with skin aging manifestations. We previously found that the use of fossil fuels was associated with skin aging, but no direct link between indoor air pollutants and skin aging manifestations has ever been shown. Here we directly measured the indoor PM2.5 exposure in 30 households in Taizhou, China. Based on the directly measured PM2.5 exposure and questionnaire data of indoor pollution sources, we built a regression model to predict the PM2.5 exposure in larger datasets including an initial examination group (N = 874) and a second examination group (N = 1003). We then estimated the association between the PM2.5 exposure and skin aging manifestations by linear regression. In the initial examination group, we showed that the indoor PM2.5 exposure levels were positively associated with skin aging manifestation, including score of pigment spots on forehead (12.5% more spots per increase of IQR, P-value 0.0371), and wrinkle on upper lip (7.7% more wrinkle on upper lip per increase of IQR, P-value 0.0218). The results were replicated in the second examination group as well as in the pooled dataset. Our study provided evidence that the indoor PM2.5 exposure is associated with skin aging manifestation in a Chinese population.
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14
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Awopeju OF, Nemery B, Afolabi OT, Poels K, Vanoirbeek J, Obaseki DO, Adewole OO, Lawin HA, Vollmer W, Erhabor GE. Biomass smoke exposure as an occupational risk: cross-sectional study of respiratory health of women working as street cooks in Nigeria. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74:737-744. [PMID: 28780568 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about respiratory health of women who are occupationally exposed to biomass smoke outside their homes. This study reports the exposure and respiratory health of street cooks in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. METHODS We assessed exposure to biomass smoke by questionnaire in 188 street cooks and 197 control women and by personal diffusive samplers to quantify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in a subsample of the women. Respiratory symptoms were assessed by a standardised questionnaire, and pulmonary function was assessed by spirometry before and after bronchodilation. Regression analysis was conducted to compare the outcome between the two groups. RESULTS The study included 188 women (median age 40, IQR 30-50 years) who had worked as street cooks for a median of 7 years (IQR 3-15 years) and 197 control women with similar demographics. Benzene concentration in passive samplers worn by the street cooks was significantly higher compared with controls (median (IQR) 119.3 (82.7-343.7) µg/m3 vs 0.0 (0.0-51.2) µg/m3, p<0.001). The odds of reported respiratory symptoms were significantly higher among the street cooks than controls: cough (adjusted OR 4.4, 95% CI 2.2 to 8.5) and phlegm (adjusted OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.5 to 7.3). The street cooks also had higher odd of airway obstruction as measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity <0.7: 11% 3% (adjusted OR of 3.3 (95% CI 1.3 to 8.7)). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of adverse respiratory effects among street cooks using biomass fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Katrien Poels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Hervé Anicet Lawin
- Department of Public Health, Unit of Teaching and Research in Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - William Vollmer
- Centre for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon, USA
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15
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Carter E, Norris C, Dionisio KL, Balakrishnan K, Checkley W, Clark ML, Ghosh S, Jack DW, Kinney PL, Marshall JD, Naeher LP, Peel JL, Sambandam S, Schauer JJ, Smith KR, Wylie BJ, Baumgartner J. Assessing Exposure to Household Air Pollution: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of Carbon Monoxide as a Surrogate Measure of Particulate Matter. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:076002. [PMID: 28886596 PMCID: PMC5744652 DOI: 10.1289/ehp767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Household air pollution from solid fuel burning is a leading contributor to disease burden globally. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is thought to be responsible for many of these health impacts. A co-pollutant, carbon monoxide (CO) has been widely used as a surrogate measure of PM2.5 in studies of household air pollution. OBJECTIVE The goal was to evaluate the validity of exposure to CO as a surrogate of exposure to PM2.5 in studies of household air pollution and the consistency of the PM2.5-CO relationship across different study settings and conditions. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of studies with exposure and/or cooking area PM2.5 and CO measurements and assembled 2,048 PM2.5 and CO measurements from a subset of studies (18 cooking area studies and 9 personal exposure studies) retained in the systematic review. We conducted pooled multivariate analyses of PM2.5-CO associations, evaluating fuels, urbanicity, season, study, and CO methods as covariates and effect modifiers. RESULTS We retained 61 of 70 studies for review, representing 27 countries. Reported PM2.5-CO correlations (r) were lower for personal exposure (range: 0.22-0.97; median=0.57) than for cooking areas (range: 0.10-0.96; median=0.71). In the pooled analyses of personal exposure and cooking area concentrations, the variation in ln(CO) explained 13% and 48% of the variation in ln(PM2.5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that exposure to CO is not a consistently valid surrogate measure of exposure to PM2.5. Studies measuring CO exposure as a surrogate measure of PM exposure should conduct local validation studies for different stove/fuel types and seasons. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellison Carter
- Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christina Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kathie L Dionisio
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kalpana Balakrishnan
- Department Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai, India
| | - William Checkley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Heath, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maggie L Clark
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Santu Ghosh
- Department Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Darby W Jack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University , New York, New York, USA
| | - Patrick L Kinney
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University , New York, New York, USA
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Luke P Naeher
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Jennifer L Peel
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Sankar Sambandam
- Department Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra University , Porur, Chennai, India
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry & Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kirk R Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Blair J Wylie
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute on the Environment, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University , Montreal Quebec, Canada
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16
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Bartington SE, Bakolis I, Devakumar D, Kurmi OP, Gulliver J, Chaube G, Manandhar DS, Saville NM, Costello A, Osrin D, Hansell AL, Ayres JG. Patterns of domestic exposure to carbon monoxide and particulate matter in households using biomass fuel in Janakpur, Nepal. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 220:38-45. [PMID: 27707597 PMCID: PMC5157800 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Household Air Pollution (HAP) from biomass cooking fuels is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income settings worldwide. In Nepal the use of open stoves with solid biomass fuels is the primary method of domestic cooking. To assess patterns of domestic air pollution we performed continuous measurement of carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate Matter (PM2.5) in 12 biomass fuel households in Janakpur, Nepal. We measured kitchen PM2.5 and CO concentrations at one-minute intervals for an approximately 48-h period using the TSI DustTrak II 8530/SidePak AM510 (TSI Inc, St. Paul MN, USA) or EL-USB-CO data logger (Lascar Electronics, Erie PA, USA) respectively. We also obtained information regarding fuel, stove and kitchen characteristics and cooking activity patterns. Household cooking was performed in two daily sessions (median total duration 4 h) with diurnal variability in pollutant concentrations reflecting morning and evening cooking sessions and peak concentrations associated with fire-lighting. We observed a strong linear relationship between PM2.5 measurements obtained by co-located photometric and gravimetric monitoring devices, providing local calibration factors of 4.9 (DustTrak) and 2.7 (SidePak). Overall 48-h average CO and PM2.5 concentrations were 5.4 (SD 4.3) ppm (12 households) and 417.6 (SD 686.4) μg/m3 (8 households), respectively, with higher average concentrations associated with cooking and heating activities. Overall average PM2.5 concentrations and peak 1-h CO concentrations exceeded WHO Indoor Air Quality Guidelines. Average hourly PM2.5 and CO concentrations were moderately correlated (r = 0.52), suggesting that CO has limited utility as a proxy measure for PM2.5 exposure assessment in this setting. Domestic indoor air quality levels associated with biomass fuel combustion in this region exceed WHO Indoor Air Quality standards and are in the hazardous range for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Bartington
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - I Bakolis
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK; Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK; Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - D Devakumar
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - O P Kurmi
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
| | - J Gulliver
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - G Chaube
- Mother and Infant Research Activities (MIRA), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - D S Manandhar
- Mother and Infant Research Activities (MIRA), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - N M Saville
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - A Costello
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - D Osrin
- UCL Institute for Global Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - A L Hansell
- UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - J G Ayres
- Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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17
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Klasen EM, Wills B, Naithani N, Gilman RH, Tielsch JM, Chiang M, Khatry S, Breysse PN, Menya D, Apaka C, Carter EJ, Sherman CB, Miranda JJ, Checkley W. Low correlation between household carbon monoxide and particulate matter concentrations from biomass-related pollution in three resource-poor settings. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:424-31. [PMID: 26245367 PMCID: PMC4932836 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Household air pollution from the burning of biomass fuels is recognized as the third greatest contributor to the global burden of disease. Incomplete combustion of biomass fuels releases a complex mixture of carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) and other toxins into the household environment. Some investigators have used indoor CO concentrations as a reliable surrogate of indoor PM concentrations; however, the assumption that indoor CO concentration is a reasonable proxy of indoor PM concentration has been a subject of controversy. We sought to describe the relationship between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations in 128 households across three resource-poor settings in Peru, Nepal, and Kenya. We simultaneously collected minute-to-minute PM2.5 and CO concentrations within a meter of the open-fire stove for approximately 24h using the EasyLog-USB-CO data logger (Lascar Electronics, Erie, PA) and the personal DataRAM-1000AN (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA), respectively. We also collected information regarding household construction characteristics, and cooking practices of the primary cook. Average 24h indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations ranged between 615 and 1440 μg/m(3), and between 9.1 and 35.1 ppm, respectively. Minute-to-minute indoor PM2.5 concentrations were in a safe range (<25 μg/m(3)) between 17% and 65% of the time, and exceeded 1000 μg/m(3) between 8% and 21% of the time, whereas indoor CO concentrations were in a safe range (<7 ppm) between 46% and 79% of the time and exceeded 50 ppm between 4%, and 20% of the time. Overall correlations between indoor PM2.5 and CO concentrations were low to moderate (Spearman ρ between 0.59 and 0.83). There was also poor agreement and evidence of proportional bias between observed indoor PM2.5 concentrations vs. those estimated based on indoor CO concentrations, with greater discordance at lower concentrations. Our analysis does not support the notion that indoor CO concentration is a surrogate marker for indoor PM2.5 concentration across all settings. Both are important markers of household air pollution with different health and environmental implications and should therefore be independently measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Klasen
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Beatriz Wills
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Neha Naithani
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - James M Tielsch
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health and Health Services, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | | | - Subarna Khatry
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Patrick N Breysse
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Diana Menya
- School of Public Health, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; AMPATH (Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Cosmas Apaka
- AMPATH (Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare), Eldoret, Kenya
| | - E Jane Carter
- AMPATH (Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare), Eldoret, Kenya; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Charles B Sherman
- AMPATH (Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare), Eldoret, Kenya; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, The Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - William Checkley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA; CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
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18
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Rosenthal J. The real challenge for cookstoves and health: more evidence. ECOHEALTH 2015; 12:8-11. [PMID: 25691140 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-014-0997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Rosenthal
- Division of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-2220, USA,
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