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Ahmad N, Anker A, Klein S, Dean J, Knoedler L, Remy K, Pagani A, Kempa S, Terhaag A, Prantl L. Autologous Fat Grafting-A Panacea for Scar Tissue Therapy? Cells 2024; 13:1384. [PMID: 39195271 DOI: 10.3390/cells13161384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Scars may represent more than a cosmetic concern for patients; they may impose functional limitations and are frequently associated with the sensation of itching or pain, thus impacting both psychological and physical well-being. From an aesthetic perspective, scars display variances in color, thickness, texture, contour, and their homogeneity, while the functional aspect encompasses considerations of functionality, pliability, and sensory perception. Scars located in critical anatomic areas have the potential to induce profound impairments, including contracture-related mobility restrictions, thereby significantly impacting daily functioning and the quality of life. Conventional approaches to scar management may suffice to a certain extent, yet there are cases where tailored interventions are warranted. Autologous fat grafting emerges as a promising therapeutic avenue in such instances. Fundamental mechanisms underlying scar formation include chronic inflammation, fibrogenesis and dysregulated wound healing, among other contributing factors. These mechanisms can potentially be alleviated through the application of adipose-derived stem cells, which represent the principal cellular component utilized in the process of lipofilling. Adipose-derived stem cells possess the capacity to secrete proangiogenic factors such as fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor and hepatocyte growth factor, as well as neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factors. Moreover, they exhibit multipotency, remodel the extracellular matrix, act in a paracrine manner, and exert immunomodulatory effects through cytokine secretion. These molecular processes contribute to neoangiogenesis, the alleviation of chronic inflammation, and the promotion of a conducive milieu for wound healing. Beyond the obvious benefit in restoring volume, the adipose-derived stem cells and their regenerative capacities facilitate a reduction in pain, pruritus, and fibrosis. This review elucidates the regenerative potential of autologous fat grafting and its beneficial and promising effects on both functional and aesthetic outcomes when applied to scar tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nura Ahmad
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Anker
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvan Klein
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jillian Dean
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katya Remy
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrea Pagani
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sally Kempa
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amraj Terhaag
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Mundluru VK, Naidu MJ, Mundluru RT, Jeyaraman N, Muthu S, Ramasubramanian S, Jeyaraman M. Non-enzymatic methods for isolation of stromal vascular fraction and adipose-derived stem cells: A systematic review. World J Methodol 2024; 14:94562. [PMID: 38983657 PMCID: PMC11229868 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i2.94562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) have garnered substantial interest in regenerative medicine due to their potential to treat a wide range of conditions. Traditional enzymatic methods for isolating these cells face challenges such as high costs, lengthy processing time, and regu-latory complexities. AIM This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and practicality of non-enzymatic, mechanical methods for isolating SVF and ADSCs, comparing these to conventional enzymatic approaches. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria focused on non-enzymatic isolation methods for SVF and ADSCs from adipose tissue. The risk of bias was assessed, and a qualitative synthesis of findings was performed due to the methodological heterogeneity of the included studies. RESULTS Nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting various mechanical techniques such as centrifugation, vortexing, and ultrasonic cavitation. The review identified significant variability in cell yield and viability, and the integrity of isolated cells across different non-enzymatic methods compared to enzymatic procedures. Despite some advantages of mechanical methods, including reduced processing time and avoidance of enzymatic reagents, the evidence suggests a need for optimization to match the cell quality and therapeutic efficacy achievable with enzymatic isolation. CONCLUSION Non-enzymatic, mechanical methods offer a promising alternative to enzymatic isolation of SVF and ADSCs, potentially simplifying the isolation process and reducing regulatory hurdles. However, further research is necessary to standardize these techniques and ensure consistent, high-quality cell yields for clinical applications. The development of efficient, safe, and reproducible non-enzymatic isolation methods could significantly advance the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Krishna Mundluru
- Department of Orthopaedics, MJ Naidu Super Speciality Hospital, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, StemC Clinics, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - MJ Naidu
- Department of Orthopaedics, MJ Naidu Super Speciality Hospital, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, StemC Clinics, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Teja Mundluru
- Department of Orthopaedics, MJ Naidu Super Speciality Hospital, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, StemC Clinics, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, StemC Clinics, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathish Muthu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Karur 639004, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Ramasubramanian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Omandurar Government Estate, Chennai 600002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, StemC Clinics, Vijayawada 520002, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Research Group, Coimbatore 641045, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zolfaghari Baghbadorani P, Rayati Damavandi A, Moradi S, Ahmadi M, Bemani P, Aria H, Mottedayyen H, Rayati Damavandi A, Eskandari N, Fathi F. Current advances in stem cell therapy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:613-633. [PMID: 36496351 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease related to the central nervous system (CNS) with a significant global burden. In this illness, the immune system plays an essential role in its pathophysiology and progression. The currently available treatments are not recognized as curable options and, at best, might slow the progression of MS injuries to the CNS. However, stem cell treatment has provided a new avenue for treating MS. Stem cells may enhance CNS healing and regulate immunological responses. Likewise, stem cells can come from various sources, including adipose, neuronal, bone marrow, and embryonic tissues. Choosing the optimal cell source for stem cell therapy is still a difficult verdict. A type of stem cell known as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is obtainable from different sources and has a strong immunomodulatory impact on the immune system. According to mounting data, the umbilical cord and adipose tissue may serve as appropriate sources for the isolation of MSCs. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs), as novel stem cell sources with immune-regulatory effects, regenerative properties, and decreased antigenicity, can also be thought of as a new upcoming contender for MS treatment. Overall, the administration of stem cells in different sets of animal and clinical trials has shown immunomodulatory and neuroprotective results. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the different types of stem cells by focusing on MSCs and their mechanisms, which can be used to treat and improve the outcomes of MS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amirmasoud Rayati Damavandi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Keshavarz Blvrd, Vesal Shirazi St., Tehran 1417613151, Iran
| | - Samira Moradi
- School of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Chamran Blvrd., Hormozgan 7919693116, Bandar Abbass, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi
- School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Zand St., Shiraz 7134814336, Iran
| | - Peyman Bemani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
| | - Hamid Aria
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fars, Ibn Sina Sq., Fasa 7461686688, Iran
| | - Hossein Mottedayyen
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Ravandi Blvrd, Isfahan, Kashan 8715988141, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Rayati Damavandi
- Student's Research Committee, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yakhchal St., Tehran 193951498, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
| | - Farshid Fathi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib St., Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
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Simão VA, Brand H, da Silveira-Antunes RN, Fukasawa JT, Leme J, Tonso A, Ribeiro-Paes JT. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) culture in spinner flask: improving the parameters of culture in a microcarrier-based system. Biotechnol Lett 2023:10.1007/s10529-023-03367-x. [PMID: 37171697 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-023-03367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Prior to clinical use, extensive in vitro proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is required. Among the current options, spinner-type stirred flasks, which use microcarriers to increase the yield of adherent cells, are recommended. Here, we propose a methodology for ASCs proliferation through cell suspension culture using Cultispher-S® microcarriers (MC) under agitation in a spinner flask, with the aim of establishing a system that reconciles the efficiency of cell yield with high viability of the culture during two distinct phases: seeding and proliferation. The results showed that cell adhesion was potentiated under intermittent stirring at 70 rpm in the presence of 10% FBS for an initial cell concentration of 2.4 × 104 cells/mL in the initial 24 h of cultivation. In the proliferation phase, kinetic analysis showed that cell growth was higher under continuous agitation at 50 rpm with a culture medium renewal regime of 50% every 72 h, which was sufficient to maintain the culture at optimal levels of nutrients and metabolites for up to nine days of cultivation, representing an 11.1-fold increase and a maximum cell productivity of 422 cells/mL/h (1.0 × 105 viable cells/mL). ASCs maintained the immunophenotypic characteristics and mesodermal differentiation potential of both cell lines from different donors. The established protocol represents a more efficient and cost-effective method to obtain a high proliferation rate of ASCs in a microcarrier-based system, which is necessary for large-scale use in cell therapy, highlighting that the manipulation of critical parameters optimizes the ASCs production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Augusto Simão
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Heloisa Brand
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences and Letters, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jaci Leme
- Center for Development and Innovation, Laboratory of Viral Biotechnology, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aldo Tonso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Tadeu Ribeiro-Paes
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Sciences and Letters, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
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The Composition of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells Isolated from Lipoaspirate Using a Point of Care System Does Not Depend on the Subject's Individual Age, Sex, Body Mass Index and Ethnicity. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010030. [PMID: 36611823 PMCID: PMC9818477 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncultured, unmodified, autologous, adipose-derived regenerative cells (UA-ADRCs) are a safe and effective treatment option for various musculoskeletal pathologies. However, it is unknown whether the composition of the final cell suspension systematically varies with the subject's individual age, sex, body mass index and ethnicity. UA-ADRCs were isolated from lipoaspirate from n = 232 subjects undergoing elective lipoplasty using the Transpose RT system (InGeneron, Inc.; Houston, TX, USA). The UA-ADRCs were assessed for the number of nucleated cells, cell viability and the number of viable nucleated cells per gram of adipose tissue harvested. Cells from n = 37 subjects were further characterized using four-channel flow cytometry. The present study shows, for the first time, that key characteristics of UA-ADRCs can be independent of the subject's age, sex, BMI and ethnicity. This result has important implications for the general applicability of UA-ADRCs in regeneration of musculoskeletal tissue. Future studies must determine whether the independence of key characteristics of UA-ADRCs of the subject's individual age, sex, BMI and ethnicity only applies to the system used in the present study, or also to others of the more than 25 different experimental methods and commercially available systems used to isolate UA-ADRCs from lipoaspirate that have been described in the literature.
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Shapira E, Plonski L, Menashe S, Ofek A, Rosenthal A, Brambilla M, Goldenberg G, Haimowitz S, Heller L. High-Quality Lipoaspirate Following 1470-nm Radial Emitting Laser-Assisted Liposuction. Ann Plast Surg 2022; 89:e60-e68. [PMID: 36416705 PMCID: PMC9704815 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laser-assisted liposuction (LAL) has been used to maximize viable adipocyte yields in lipoaspirates, although optimizing tissue processing methods is still a challenge. A high-quality lipoaspirate has been a key factor for extended graft longevity. OBJECTIVE To assess the viability and potency of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in fat samples from lipoaspirates harvested with a novel 1470-nm diode, radial emitting LAL platform. Two processing methods, enzymatic and nonenzymatic, were compared. METHODS Laser-assisted liposuction lipoaspirates harvested from 10 subjects were examined for cell viability after processing by enzymatic or nonenzymatic methods. Isolated SVF cells were cultured with an ASC-permissive medium to assess their viability and proliferation capacity by cell proliferation assay. Flow cytometric analysis with ASC-specific markers, gene expression levels, and immunofluorescence for ASC transcription factors were also conducted. RESULTS Lipoaspirates showed high SVF cell viability of 97% ± 0.02% and 98% ± 0.01%, averaged SVF cell count of 8.7 × 10 6 ± 3.9 × 10 6 and 9.4 × 10 6 ± 4.2 × 10 6 cells per mL, and averaged ASC count of 1 × 10 6 ± 2.2 × 10 5 and 1.2 × 10 6 ± 5 × 10 5 cells per mL in nonenzymatic and enzymatic methods, respectively. The ASC-specific markers, gene expression levels, and immunofluorescence for ASC transcription factors confirmed the adipose origin of the cells. CONCLUSIONS The laser lipoaspirates provide a high yield of viable and potent SVF cells and ASCs through both nonenzymatic and enzymatic processes. Improved purity of the harvested lipoaspirate and high ASC content are expected to result in extended graft longevity. Furthermore, eliminating enzymatic digestion may provide advantages, such as reducing process time, cost, and regulatory constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyal Shapira
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Lori Plonski
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Shaked Menashe
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Andre Ofek
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Adaya Rosenthal
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Massimiliano Brambilla
- Department of the Health of the Woman, Child and Neonate, Fondazione IRCSS Ospedale Maggiore, Milan, Italy
| | - Gary Goldenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, Mount Sinai, NY
| | - Sahar Haimowitz
- Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Urology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Heller
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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Tang Q, Zhao XS, Guo A, Cui RT, Song HL, Qi ZY, Pan Y, Yang Y, Zhang FF, Jin L. Therapeutic applications of adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions in osteoarthritis. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:744-755. [PMID: 36337155 PMCID: PMC9630988 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i10.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered to be a highly heterogeneous disease with progressive cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, and low-grade inflammation. It is one of the world's leading causes of disability. Most conventional clinical treatments for OA are palliative drugs, which cannot fundamentally cure this disease. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissues is a heterogeneous cell population. According to previous studies, it contains a large number of mesenchymal stem cells, which have been used to treat OA with good therapeutic results. This safe, simple, and effective therapy is expected to be applied and promoted in the future. In this paper, the detailed pathogenesis, diagnosis, and current clinical treatments for OA are introduced. Then, clinical studies and the therapeutic mechanism of SVF for the treatment of OA are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ao Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruo-Tong Cui
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huai-Le Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Yang Qi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Pan
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, Jiangsu Province, China
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Cao L, Xiaoming F, Zhang Q, Fang J, Chu C, Lv J, Ma Y, Lu G, Yang K, Pan R. An Optimized Method for Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Isolation and its Application in Fat Grafting. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:2500-2508. [PMID: 34981156 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) derived from adipose tissue contains heterogeneous cell populations and has enormous potential for clinical therapy. There are two main methods for SVF isolation: enzymatic isolation and mechanical isolation, both of which have shortcomings. In this study, optimized conditions for the isolation of high-quality SVF were established, and applications in fat grafting were evaluated. METHODS Adipose tissue was chopped into small pieces and then ground into an erosive shape using a syringe. The pieces were digested with 0.15% type II collagenase for 35 min at 37 °C. After centrifugation, the pellets were resuspended in DMEM and passed through a 100-μm strainer. The filtered cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The fat graft was enriched with isolated SVF and subcutaneously transplanted into nude mice. Three weeks after transplantation, grafts were isolated, and H&E staining, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting were conducted. RESULTS The harvested SVF cells reached > 2 × 106/ml of adipose tissue within 90 min of operation. The number of CD34+ ADSCs in our SVF pellets was > 6 × 105/ml of adipose tissue, which has the potential for differentiating into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. Freshly collected adipose tissue is better for SVF isolation, and isolated SVF should also be kept at 4 °C and used as soon as possible. SVF may promote revascularization after fat grafting. The adipose tissue of an SVF co-transplanted group had an integral structure, clear capillaries, and higher VEGF expression. SVF co-transplantation inhibited adipose cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our study provides an efficient procedure for SVF isolation, its application in fat grafting, and possible underlying mechanisms. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Cao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Xiaoming
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junbiao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunhua Chu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinlong Lv
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuyuan Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaichuang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital and People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ruolang Pan
- Institute for Cell-Based Drug Development of Zhejiang Province, S-Evans Biosciences, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Adipose Tissue Grafting for the Treatment of Morphea En Coup De Sabre: A Simple Filler or an Emerging Cellular Therapy? Cureus 2022; 14:e30358. [PMID: 36407158 PMCID: PMC9665929 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear scleroderma en coup de sabre is a rare chronic autoimmune disease. This form of localized scleroderma manifests through an inflammatory phenomenon of collagen overproduction and extracellular matrix destruction, affecting the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the face. This active pathological process is challenging to control and often goes unnoticed at its early stage. The sequelae manifest as an alopecic frontal scar lesion, causing the patient significant aesthetic and psychological damage. In this study, we report two clinical cases in which aesthetic sequelae were treated by autologous fat transplantation. We found encouraging results, with a global aesthetic improvement of 86.2% measured by a jury of medical specialists and outcome stability through a nine-year follow-up for one patient. Autologous fat transfer is excellent for treating stabilized en coup de sabre morphea, not only for its filling abilities but also for its regeneration activating and inflammation regulating abilities, which could open new prospects for curative treatment of this pathology.
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Girard P, Dulong J, Duisit J, Mocquard C, Le Gallou S, Chaput B, Lupon E, Watier E, Varin A, Tarte K, Bertheuil N. Modified nanofat grafting: Stromal vascular fraction simple and efficient mechanical isolation technique and perspectives in clinical recellularization applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:895735. [PMID: 36177178 PMCID: PMC9513316 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.895735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nanofat grafting (NG) is a simple and cost-effective method of lipoaspirates with inter-syringe passages, to produce stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and isolate adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). This represents a tremendous interest in the future clinical needs of tissue engineering. In this study, we optimized the NG technique to increase the yield of ASC extractions. Methods: We analyzed three groups of SVF obtained by 20, 30, and 40 inter-syringe passages. The control group was an SVF obtained by enzymatic digestion with Celase. We studied their cell composition by flow cytometry, observed their architecture by confocal microscopy, and observed immunomodulatory properties of the ASCs from each of the SVFs by measuring inflammatory markers of macrophages obtained by an ASC monocyte co-culture. Results: We have established the first cell mapping of the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue. The results showed that SVF obtained by 20 inter-syringe passages contains more statistically significant total cells, more cells expressing the ASC phenotype, more endothelial cells, and produces more CFU-F than the SVF obtained by 30 and 40 passages and by enzymatic digestion. Confocal microscopy showed the presence of residual adipocytes in SVF obtained by inter-syringe passages but not by enzymatic digestion. The functional study indicates an orientation toward a more anti-inflammatory profile and homogenization of their immunomodulatory properties. Conclusion: This study places mechanically dissociated SVF in the center of approaches to easily extract ASCs and a wide variety and number of other progenitor cells, immediately available in a clinical setting to provide both the amount and quality of cells required for decellularized tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Girard
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- *Correspondence: Paul Girard, ; Nicolas Bertheuil,
| | - Joelle Dulong
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Jerome Duisit
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Camille Mocquard
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Simon Le Gallou
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Benoit Chaput
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Rangueil Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- INSERM U1031 STROMALab, Toulouse, France
| | - Elise Lupon
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Rangueil Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Watier
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | | | - Karin Tarte
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Nicolas Bertheuil
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, CHU Rennes, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- INSERM U1236, University of Rennes I, Rennes, France
- SITI Laboratory, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
- *Correspondence: Paul Girard, ; Nicolas Bertheuil,
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11
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Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and breast cancer: a good therapeutic candidate or not? A minireview. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9017-9022. [PMID: 35941415 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC), as the most common cancer among women, affects a great number of subjects around the world. This heterogenic disease is divided into several types and subtypes, and each subtype has various phenotypes and genotypes. Against BC, several options have been proposed, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic agents. However, these approaches may have detrimental effects on health and life quality of patients. Hence, harnessing a therapeutic tool with high effectiveness and low side effects is required. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have created a new window to treat various disorders, like cancer, and among these, umbilical cord (UC)-derived MSCs have acquired much interest due to their advantages. Therefore, in this narrative review, the influences of UC-derived MSCs on BC were reviewed and summarized with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis and treatment.
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12
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Carvalho Schweich-Adami L, Silva RAD, Menezes JNDS, Baranoski A, Kassuya CAL, Bernardi L, Juliano Oliveira R, Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli-Silva A. The intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells decreases pain and reduces inflammation in knee osteoarthritis, with or without the addition of platelet-rich plasma also improves functionality. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:900-912. [PMID: 35797223 DOI: 10.1002/term.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The increase of individuals with Osteoarthritis (OA) has generated an increase in public spending in the treatments, which are still not that effective. So, the purpose of this study was to analyze and compare four types of interventions: platelet-rich plasma (PRP), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), ADSCs + PRP and the standard surgical video arthroscopy (All groups passed through standard arthroscopy before intervention). The evaluation was performed by applying the questionnaires Western Ontario McMaster Universities, Short Form Health Survey 36 and Visual Analog Pain Scale, also by analyzing the synovial fluid (inflammatory cytokines, enzymatic, colorimetric and viscosity analysis), this evaluation happened in two moments: before the surgical procedures and after 6 months of the interventions and also was made a comparison to standard arthroscopy. The questionnaires results showed a greater improvement in the scores of the domains analyzed in the ADSCs + PRP group, followed by the ADSCs and PRP group. In the evaluation of inflammatory cytokines, there was a significant reduction in the cytokine IL-1b only in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%) and ADSCs (31%), of IL-6 in the ADSCs + PRP group (72%), of IL-8 in the ADSCs + PRP group (50%) and ADSCs (31%), and TNF in the ADSCs + PRP group (46%). There was also a significant increase in the amount of total proteins (79%) in the control group and polymorphonuclear cells (47%) in the ADSCs + PRP group. Taking all the results into account, we infer that therapies with ADSCs + PRP and only ADSCs are safe and effective over 6 months for the improvement of pain, functional capacity and joint inflammation in volunteers with OA. It is also considered that the use of ADSCs + PRP, particularly, is a promising alternative to help manage this disease, due to the better results presented among the four propose interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laynna Carvalho Schweich-Adami
- Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Roberto Antoniolli da Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Setor de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Adrivanio Baranoski
- Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | | | - Luana Bernardi
- Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Biológicas - CCB, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - Andréia Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli-Silva
- Centro de Estudos em Células Tronco, Terapia Celular e Genética Toxicológica - CeTroGen, Hospital Universitário Maria Aparecida Pedrossian - HUMAP/EBSERH, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento da Região Centro-Oeste, Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.,Faculdade de Medicina Dr. Hélio Mandetta - FAMED, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
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13
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Bortolotto Degregori E, Corbellini Henckes NA, Franco N, Luz H, Maurmann N, Viana AR, Rohden F, Loureiro dos Santos LA, Cirne Lima EO, Terraciano PB, Oliveira FDS, Contesini EA. Interaction between adipoderivated mesenchymal stem cells and PLGA/PI epox scaffold with possible use in tissue engineering: in vitro study. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2022.2090354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuelle Bortolotto Degregori
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, University Veterinary Hospital, Bairro Camobi, Av. Roraima, 1000, prédio 97, sala 126, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Nicole Andrea Corbellini Henckes
- Laboratory of Embryology and Cell Differentiation, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, 90035-903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Agronomia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Luz
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, 90650-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natasha Maurmann
- Laboratory of Hematology and Stem Cells, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Azenha, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Altevir Rossato Viana
- Bioscience Laboratory, Universidade Franciscana, Andradas, 1614, Centro, 97010-032, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Francieli Rohden
- Laboratory of Brain Injury and Neuroprotection, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Santa Cecília, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto Loureiro dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, 90650-001, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Obino Cirne Lima
- Laboratory of Embryology and Cell Differentiation, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, 90035-903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Barros Terraciano
- Laboratory of Embryology and Cell Differentiation, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, 90035-903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda dos Santos Oliveira
- Laboratory of Embryology and Cell Differentiation, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Santa Cecília, 90035-903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emerson Antonio Contesini
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9090, Agronomia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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14
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In Vivo Evaluation of Mechanically Processed Stromal Vascular Fraction in a Chamber Vascularized by an Arteriovenous Shunt. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020417. [PMID: 35214149 PMCID: PMC8880586 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanically processed stromal vascular fraction (mSVF) is a promising source for regenerative purposes. To study the in vivo fate of the mSVF, we herein used a vascularized tissue engineering chamber that insulates the target mSVF from the surrounding environment. In contrast to previous models, we propose an arteriovenous (AV) shunt between saphenous vessels in rats without a venous graft. Mechanical SVF was processed from the fat pads of male Sprague Dawley rats, mixed with a fibrin hydrogel and implanted into an inguinal tissue engineering chamber. An arteriovenous shunt was established between saphenous artery and vein. On the contralateral side, an mSVF-fibrin hydrogel mix without vascular axis served as a non-vascularized control. After two and six weeks, rats were sacrificed for further analysis. Mechanical SVF showed significant numbers of mesenchymal stromal cells. Vascularized mSVF explants gained weight over time. Perilipin and CD31 expression were significantly higher in the mSVF explants after six weeks while no difference in DAPI positive cells, collagen deposition and FABP4 expression was observed. Morphologically, no differentiated adipocytes but a dense cell-rich tissue with perilipin-positive cells was found after six weeks. The phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was significantly enhanced after six weeks while Akt activation remained unaltered. Finally, mSVF explants stably expressed and released VEGF, bFGF and TGFb. Vascularized mSVF is able to proliferate and express adipocyte-specific markers. The AV shunt model is a valuable refinement of currently existing AV loop models in the rat which contributes to the fundamental 3R principles of animal research.
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15
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Zocchi ML, Facchin F, Pagani A, Bonino C, Sbarbati A, Conti G, Vindigni V, Bassetto F. New perspectives in regenerative medicine and surgery: the bioactive composite therapies (BACTs). EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY 2021; 45:1-25. [PMID: 34728900 PMCID: PMC8554210 DOI: 10.1007/s00238-021-01874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine and surgery is a rapidly expanding branch of translational research in tissue engineering, cellular and molecular biology. To date, the methods to improve cell intake, survival, and isolation need to comply with a complex and still unclear regulatory frame, becoming everyday more restrictive and often limiting the effectiveness and outcome of the therapeutic choices. Thus, the authors developed a novel 360° regenerative strategy based on the synergic action of several new components called the bioactive composite therapies (BACTs) to improve grafted cells intake, and survival in total compliance with the legal and ethical limits of the current regulatory frame. The rationale at the origin of this new technology is based on the evidence that cells need supportive substrate to survive in vitro and this observation, applying the concept of translational medicine, is true also in vivo. Bioactive composite mixtures (BACMs) are tailor-made bioactive mixtures containing several bioactive components that support cells' survival and induce a regenerative response in vivo by stimulating the recipient site to act as an in situ real bioreactor. Many different tissues have been used in the past for the isolation of cells, molecules, and growth factors, but the adipose tissue and its stromal vascular fraction (SVF) remains the most valuable, abundant, safe, and reliable source of regenerative components and particularly of adipose-derived stems cells (ADSCs). The role of plastic surgeons as the historical experts in all the most advanced techniques for harvesting, manipulating, and grafting adipose tissue is fundamental in this constant process of expansion of regenerative procedures. In this article, we analyze the main causes of cell death and the strategies for preventing it, and we present all the technical steps for preparing the main components of BACMs and the different mixing modalities to obtain the most efficient regenerative action on different clinical and pathological conditions. The second section of this work is dedicated to the logical and sequential evolution from simple bioactive composite grafts (BACGs) that distinguished our initial approach to regenerative medicine, to BACTs where many other fundamental technical steps are analyzed and integrated for supporting and enhancing the most efficient regenerative activity. Level of Evidence: Not gradable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele L Zocchi
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Remix Institute for Regenerative Surgery, Turin, Italy
| | - Federico Facchin
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Pagani
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Bonino
- Department of Rheumatology and Immune Diseases, Humanitas Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giamaica Conti
- Institute of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Vindigni
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Franco Bassetto
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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16
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Schweich-Adami LDC, Bernardi L, Baranoski A, Rodrigues TDAF, Antoniolli-Silva ACMB, Oliveira RJ. The enzymatic disaggregation by trypsin does not alter cell quality and genomic stability of adipose-derived stem cells cultivated for human cell therapy. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:641-652. [PMID: 34545505 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is no consensus between the protocols used for the isolation, maintenance and cultivation of Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for therapeutic purposes. Thus, was evaluated the maintenance method of ADSCs submitted to enzymatic disaggregation by trypsin. Was made (1st until 10th passage) immunophenotyping, cell differentiation assays, comet assay, differential cell death, apoptosis, cell viability and membrane integrity by flow cytometry.The results showded that trypsinization,did not induce genomic instability, also did not alter the tail moment. The cell death assay, showed that only on the 10th passage there was a significant reduction and was cofirmed by flow cytometry that is apoptosis. The viability showded significant reduction only in 10th passage, this was related to the loss of integrity of membrane, proven by flow cytometry. The quantities varied along the passages (11 × 105 to 2 × 105). Qualitatively, it can be observed that as the number of cells decreases, there is also a reduction in the juxtaposition of ADSCs and increased of the cell size, it is started in 6th passage. In view of the results, it is suggested for more safety, that ADSCs cultured until the 5th passage being used in human transplantation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laynna de Carvalho Schweich-Adami
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Luana Bernardi
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Adrivanio Baranoski
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Thais de Andrade Farias Rodrigues
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andréia Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli-Silva
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil.
- Graduate Programme in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of General Biology, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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17
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ArefNezhad R, Motedayyen H, Mohammadi A. Therapeutic Aspects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cell Therapy with a Focus on Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells in Multiple Sclerosis: A Mechanistic Review. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:241-251. [PMID: 34158417 PMCID: PMC8429946 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of central nervous system (CNS). The mmune system plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Current treatments are unable to cure patients and prevent the progression of MS lesions. Stem cell-based cell therapy has opened a new window for MS treatment. Stem cells regulate immune responses and improve axonal remyelination. Stem cells can be obtained from different origins such as embryonic, neural, bone marrow, and adipose tissues. But yet there is a challenge for the selection of the best cell source for stem cell therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stem cell obtained from different origins and have significant immunomodulatory effects on the immune system. The increasing evidence have suggested that umbilical cord and adipose tissue can be a suitable source for isolation of MSCs. Moreover, human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) as novel stem cell origins by having immunoregulatory effects, regenerative effects, and less capacity of antigenicity can be a candidate for MS treatment. This review discussed the mechanistic effects of MSCs with a focus on human amniotic epithelial cells, which can be used to treatment and improvement of outcome in MS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza ArefNezhad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Cell Biology and Molecular-Genetics Department, Marand Azad University, Marand, Iran
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18
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Labedz-Maslowska A, Szkaradek A, Mierzwinski T, Madeja Z, Zuba-Surma E. Processing and Ex Vivo Expansion of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for the Development of an Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product for use in Humans. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081908. [PMID: 34440677 PMCID: PMC8392403 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) represents a commonly used source of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) whose proregenerative potential has been widely investigated in multiple clinical trials worldwide. However, the standardization of the manufacturing process of MSC-based cell therapy medicinal products in compliance with the requirements of the local authorities is obligatory and will allow us to obtain the necessary permits for product administration according to its intended use. Within the research phase (RD), we optimized the protocols used for the processing and ex vivo expansion of AT-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) for the development of an Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) for use in humans. Critical process parameters (including, e.g., the concentration of enzyme used for AT digestion, cell culture conditions) were identified and examined to ensure the high quality of the final product containing AT-MSCs. We confirmed the identity of isolated AT-MSCs as MSCs and their trilineage differentiation potential according to the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) recommendations. Based on the conducted experiments, in-process quality control (QC) parameters and acceptance criteria were defined for the manufacturing of hospital exemption ATMP (HE-ATMP). Finally, we conducted a validation of the manufacturing process in a GMP facility. In the current study, we presented a process approach leading to the optimization of processing and the ex vivo expansion of AT-MSCs for the development of ATMP for use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Labedz-Maslowska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.-M.); (A.S.); (Z.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Szkaradek
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.-M.); (A.S.); (Z.M.)
- Cell & Tissue Culture Laboratory, Jagiellonian Center of Innovation in Krakow, 30-384 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Mierzwinski
- Cell & Tissue Culture Laboratory, Jagiellonian Center of Innovation in Krakow, 30-384 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Madeja
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.-M.); (A.S.); (Z.M.)
| | - Ewa Zuba-Surma
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.L.-M.); (A.S.); (Z.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-664-6180
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François P, Rusconi G, Arnaud L, Mariotta L, Giraudo L, Minonzio G, Veran J, Bertrand B, Dumoulin C, Grimaud F, Lyonnet L, Casanova D, Giverne C, Cras A, Magalon G, Dignat-George F, Sabatier F, Magalon J, Soldati G. Inter-center comparison of good manufacturing practices-compliant stromal vascular fraction and proposal for release acceptance criteria: a review of 364 productions. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:373. [PMID: 34210363 PMCID: PMC8252207 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Even though the manufacturing processes of the stromal vascular fraction for clinical use are performed in compliance with the good manufacturing practices applying to advanced therapy medicinal products, specifications related to stromal vascular fraction quality remain poorly defined. We analyzed stromal vascular fraction clinical batches from two independent good manufacturing practices-compliant manufacturing facilities, the Swiss Stem Cell Foundation (SSCF) and Marseille University Hospitals (AP-HM), with the goal of defining appropriate and harmonized release acceptance criteria. Methods This retrospective analysis reviewed the biological characteristics of 364 batches of clinical-grade stromal vascular fraction. Collected data included cell viability, recovery yield, cell subset distribution of stromal vascular fraction, and microbiological quality. Results Stromal vascular fraction from SSCF cohort demonstrated a higher viability (89.33% ± 4.30%) and recovery yield (2.54 × 105 ± 1.22 × 105 viable nucleated cells (VNCs) per mL of adipose tissue) than stromal vascular fraction from AP-HM (84.20% ± 5.96% and 2.25 × 105 ± 1.11 × 105 VNCs per mL). AP-HM batches were significantly less contaminated (95.71% of sterile batches versus 74.15% for SSCF batches). The cell subset distribution was significantly different (higher proportion of endothelial cells and lower proportion of leukocytes and pericytes in SSCF cohort). Conclusions Both centers agreed that a good manufacturing practices-compliant stromal vascular fraction batch should exert a viability equal or superior to 80%, a minimum recovery yield of 1.50 × 105 VNCs per mL of adipose tissue, a proportion of adipose-derived stromal cells at least equal to 20%, and a proportion of leukocytes under 50%. In addition, a multiparameter gating strategy for stromal vascular fraction analysis is proposed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02445-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline François
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Giulio Rusconi
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Lugano, Switzerland.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Luca Mariotta
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Giraudo
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Greta Minonzio
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Julie Veran
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Baptiste Bertrand
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Chloé Dumoulin
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Fanny Grimaud
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Luc Lyonnet
- Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Casanova
- Plastic Surgery Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Giverne
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM, U1234, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Immunology and Biotherapy, Rouen, France
| | - Audrey Cras
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Louis Hospital, Cell Therapy Unit, Cord blood Bank and CIC-BT501, Paris, France
| | | | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Vascular Biology Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Sabatier
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Remedex, Marseille, France
| | - Jeremy Magalon
- Cell Therapy Department, Hôpital de la Conception, AP-HM, INSERM CIC BT 1409, 147 Bd Baille, 13005, Marseille, France. .,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France. .,Remedex, Marseille, France.
| | - Gianni Soldati
- Swiss Stem Cell Foundation, Gentilino, Lugano, Switzerland
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20
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Cheng N, Wu Y, Zhang H, Wei S, Wang R. Injectable Cryogels Associate with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells for Cardiac Healing After Acute Myocardial Infarctions. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:981-988. [PMID: 34082883 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) provides support for novel methods of conveying baseline cell protein endothelial cells to promote acute myocardial infarction in gelatin sericin (GS) lamin-coated antioxidant systems (GS@L). The ratio of fixity modules, pores, absorption, and inflammation in the range of ka (65 ka), 149 ±39.8 μm, 92.2%, 42 ± 1.38, and 29 ± 1.9 were observed in the synthesized frames for GS. Herein, ADSC-GS@L was prepared, and the relevant substance for the development of cardiac regenerative applications was stable and physically chemical. In vitro assessments of ADSC-GS@L injectable cryogels established the enhanced survival rates of the cell and improved pro- angiogenic factors as well as pro-inflammatory expression, confirming the favorable outcomes of fractional ejections, fibro-areas, and vessel densities with reduced infraction dimensions. The novel ADSC-injecting cryogel method could be useful for successful heart injury therapies during acute myocardial infarction. Additionally, the method could be useful for successful heart injury therapies during coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yuanbin Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Huajun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shixiong Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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21
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Mende W, Götzl R, Kubo Y, Pufe T, Ruhl T, Beier JP. The Role of Adipose Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration and Bone Tissue Engineering. Cells 2021; 10:cells10050975. [PMID: 33919377 PMCID: PMC8143357 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a complex process that is influenced by tissue interactions, inflammatory responses, and progenitor cells. Diseases, lifestyle, or multiple trauma can disturb fracture healing, which might result in prolonged healing duration or even failure. The current gold standard therapy in these cases are bone grafts. However, they are associated with several disadvantages, e.g., donor site morbidity and availability of appropriate material. Bone tissue engineering has been proposed as a promising alternative. The success of bone-tissue engineering depends on the administered cells, osteogenic differentiation, and secretome. Different stem cell types offer advantages and drawbacks in this field, while adipose-derived stem or stromal cells (ASCs) are in particular promising. They show high osteogenic potential, osteoinductive ability, and immunomodulation properties. Furthermore, they can be harvested through a noninvasive process in high numbers. ASCs can be induced into osteogenic lineage through bioactive molecules, i.e., growth factors and cytokines. Moreover, their secretome, in particular extracellular vesicles, has been linked to fracture healing. The aim of this review is a comprehensive overview of ASCs for bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mende
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rebekka Götzl
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yusuke Kubo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Justus P Beier
- Hand Surgery-Burn Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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22
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Khazaei S, Keshavarz G, Bozorgi A, Nazari H, Khazaei M. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells: a comparative review on isolation, culture, and differentiation methods. Cell Tissue Bank 2021; 23:1-16. [PMID: 33616792 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-021-09905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are an available source of mesenchymal stem cells with the appropriate capacity to in vitro survive, propagate, and differentiate into cells from three lineages of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. The biological features of ADSCs depend on the donor physiology and health status, isolation procedure, culture conditions, and differentiation protocols used. Adipose tissue samples are provided by surgery and lipoaspiration-based methods and subjected to various mechanical and chemical digestion techniques to finally generate a heterogeneous mixture named stromal vascular fraction (SVF). ADSCs are purified through varied cell populations that exist within SVF and cultured under standard conditions to give rise to a highly rich resource of stem cells directly applied in the clinic or differentiated into a wide range of cells. The development and optimization of conventional isolation, expansion, and differentiation methods seem noteworthy to preserve the desirable biological functions of ADSCs in pre-clinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Khazaei
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazal Keshavarz
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azam Bozorgi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Nazari
- Department of Orofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Hendawy H, Uemura A, Ma D, Namiki R, Samir H, Ahmed MF, Elfadadny A, El-Husseiny HM, Chieh-Jen C, Tanaka R. Tissue Harvesting Site Effect on the Canine Adipose Stromal Vascular Fraction Quantity and Quality. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020460. [PMID: 33572472 PMCID: PMC7916364 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells are freshly isolated non-cultured mesenchymal stem cells, which have been recently applied in the treatment of several musculoskeletal inflammatory conditions in dogs. However, the best adipose tissue (AT) sampling site is still challenging. This study first addressed the ideal AT harvesting site in canines ranging between middle and old age, the most susceptible age to chronic musculoskeletal problems. Our results showed that the peri-ovarian region is the best AT harvesting site, which yields high amounts of SVF cells with enough adipose-derived stem cells. These data may help the further set-up of cell-based regenerative therapies at the preclinical and experimental level in canines. Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) constitute a great promise for regenerative therapy, but these cells are difficultly recovered in large amounts. A potent alternative is the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), non-cultured MSCs, separated from adipose tissue (AT). We aim to evaluate AT harvesting site effect on the SVF cells’ quantity and quality in dogs. Subcutaneous abdominal fat, falciform ligament and peri-ovarian fat were sampled. After SVF isolation, the trypan blue exclusion test and a hemocytometer were used to assess the cell viability and cellular yield. SVF cells were labeled for four surface antigenic markers, clusters of differentiation CD90, CD44, CD29, and CD45, and then examined by flow cytometry. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to evaluate the gene expression of the former markers in addition to OCT-4 and CD34. SVF cells in the peri-ovarian AT recorded the highest viability% (99.63 ± 0.2%), as well as a significantly higher cellular yield (36.87 ± 19.6 × 106 viable cells/gm fat, p < 0.001) and a higher expression of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells AD-MSCs surface markers than that of other sites. SVF cells from the peri-ovarian site revealed a higher expression of MSC markers (CD90, CD44, and CD29) and OCT-4 compared to the other sites, with weak CD45 and CD34 expressions. The positive OCT-4 expression demonstrated the pluripotency of SVF cells isolated from different sites. To conclude, the harvesting site is a strong determinant of SVF cells’ quantity and quality, and the peri-ovarian site could be the best AT sampling site in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Hendawy
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Akiko Uemura
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
| | - Danfu Ma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
| | - Ryosuke Namiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
| | - Haney Samir
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Mahmoud F. Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Elfadadny
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, El-Beheira 22511, Egypt;
| | - Hussein M. El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Elqaliobiya 13736, Egypt
| | - Cheng Chieh-Jen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
| | - Ryou Tanaka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; (H.H.); (A.U.); (D.M.); (R.N.); (H.M.E.-H.); (C.C.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-042-367-5904
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24
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Laloze J, Fiévet L, Desmoulière A. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Regenerative Medicine: State of Play, Current Clinical Trials, and Future Prospects. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:24-48. [PMID: 32470315 PMCID: PMC7698876 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound healing is a complex process involving pain and inflammation, where innervation plays a central role. Managing wound healing and pain remains an important issue, especially in pathologies such as excessive scarring (often leading to fibrosis) or deficient healing, leading to chronic wounds. Recent Advances: Advances in therapies using mesenchymal stromal cells offer new insights for treating indications that previously lacked options. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) are now being used to a much greater extent in clinical trials for regenerative medicine. However, to be really valid, these randomized trials must imperatively follow strict guidelines such as consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT) statement. Indeed, AD-MSCs, because of their paracrine activities and multipotency, have potential to cure degenerative and/or inflammatory diseases. Combined with their relatively easy access (from adipose tissue) and proliferation capacity, AD-MSCs represent an excellent candidate for allogeneic treatments. Critical Issues: The success of AD-MSC therapy may depend on the robustness of the biological functions of AD-MSCs, which requires controlling source heterogeneity and production processes, and development of biomarkers that predict desired responses. Several studies have investigated the effect of AD-MSCs on innervation, wound repair, or pain management separately, but systematic evaluation of how those effects could be combined is lacking. Future Directions: Future studies that explore how AD-MSC therapy can be used to treat difficult-to-heal wounds, underlining the need to thoroughly characterize the cells used, and standardization of preparation processes are needed. Finally, how this a priori easy-to-use cell therapy treatment fits into clinical management of pain, improvement of tissue healing, and patient quality of life, all need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Laloze
- Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Limoges, France
- Department of Maxillo-Facial and Reconstructive Surgery and Stomatology, University Hospital Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Loïc Fiévet
- STROMALab, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS)-Occitanie, INSERM 1031, National Veterinary School of Toulouse (ENVT), ERL5311 CNRS, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexis Desmoulière
- Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Limoges, Myelin Maintenance and Peripheral Neuropathies (EA 6309), Limoges, France
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25
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Busato A, De Francesco F, Biswas R, Mannucci S, Conti G, Fracasso G, Conti A, Riccio V, Riccio M, Sbarbati A. Simple and Rapid Non-Enzymatic Procedure Allows the Isolation of Structurally Preserved Connective Tissue Micro-Fragments Enriched with SVF. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010036. [PMID: 33383682 PMCID: PMC7824313 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) consists of a heterogeneous population of stem and stromal cells, generally obtained from adipose tissue by enzymatic digestion. For human cell-based therapies, mechanical process methods to obtain SVF represent an advantageous approach because they have fewer regulatory restrictions for their clinical use. The aim of this study was to characterize a novel commercial system for obtaining SVF from adipose tissue by a mechanical approach without substantial manipulations. Lipoaspirate samples collected from 27 informed patients were processed by a simple and fast mechanical system (by means of Hy-Tissue SVF). The Hy-Tissue SVF product contained a free cell fraction and micro-fragments of stromal connective tissue. The enzymatic digestion of the micro-fragments increased the yield of free cells (3.2 times) and CFU-F (2.4 times). Additionally, 10% of free cells from SVF were positive for CD34+, suggesting the presence of endothelial cells, pericytes, and potential adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC). Moreover, the SVF cells were able to proliferate and differentiate in vitro toward adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. The immunophenotypic analysis of expanded cells showed positivity for typical mesenchymal stem cell markers. The Hy-Tissue SVF system allows the isolation of stromal vascular fraction, making this product of potential interest in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Busato
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco De Francesco
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.D.F.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-596-3945
| | - Reetuparna Biswas
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Silvia Mannucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giamaica Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Giulio Fracasso
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy;
| | - Anita Conti
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Valentina Riccio
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy;
| | - Michele Riccio
- Department of Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery, AOU “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (F.D.F.); (M.R.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate, Italy
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, University of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy; (A.B.); (R.B.); (S.M.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (A.S.)
- Research and Training Center in Regenerative Surgery, Accademia del Lipofilling, 61025 Montelabbate, Italy
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26
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Extracellular Vesicles from Adipose Tissue Stem Cells in Diabetes and Associated Cardiovascular Disease; Pathobiological Impact and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249598. [PMID: 33339409 PMCID: PMC7766415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells found in relatively high percentages in the adipose tissue and able to self-renew and differentiate into many different types of cells. “Extracellular vesicles (EVs), small membrane vesicular structures released during cell activation, senescence, or apoptosis, act as mediators for long distance communication between cells, transferring their specific bioactive molecules into host target cells”. There is a general consensus on how to define and isolate ADSCs, however, multiple separation and characterization protocols are being used in the present which complicate the results’ integration in a single theory on ADSCs’ and their derived factors’ way of action. Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are mainly caused by abnormal adipose tissue size, distribution and metabolism and so ADSCs and their secretory factors such as EVs are currently investigated as therapeutics in these diseases. Moreover, due to their relatively easy isolation and propagation in culture and their differentiation ability, ADSCs are being employed in preclinical studies of implantable devices or prosthetics. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on EVs secreted from ADSCs both as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics in diabetes and associated cardiovascular disease, the molecular mechanisms involved, as well as on the use of ADSC differentiation potential in cardiovascular tissue repair and prostheses.
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27
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Current Applications and Future Directions in the Regeneration of Multiple Tissues. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8810813. [PMID: 33488736 PMCID: PMC7787857 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8810813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can maintain self-renewal and enhanced multidifferentiation potential through the release of a variety of paracrine factors and extracellular vesicles, allowing them to repair damaged organs and tissues. Consequently, considerable attention has increasingly been paid to their application in tissue engineering and organ regeneration. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of ADSC preparation, including harvesting, isolation, and identification. The advances in preclinical and clinical evidence-based ADSC therapy for bone, cartilage, myocardium, liver, and nervous system regeneration as well as skin wound healing are also summarized. Notably, the perspectives, potential challenges, and future directions for ADSC-related researches are discussed. We hope that this review can provide comprehensive and standardized guidelines for the safe and effective application of ADSCs to achieve predictable and desired therapeutic effects.
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28
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Shafaei H, Kalarestaghi H. Adipose-derived stem cells: An appropriate selection for osteogenic differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8371-8386. [PMID: 32239731 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of various forms of tissue engineering. MSCs have self-renewal and multidifferential potential. Osteogenic differentiation of MSCs is an area of attention in bone regeneration. One form of MSCs are adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), which can be simply harvested and differentiated into several cell lineages, such as chondrocytes, adipocytes, or osteoblasts. Due to special properties, ASCs are frequently used in vitro and in vivo bone regeneration. Identifying factors involved in osteogenic differentiation of ASCs is important for better understanding the mechanism of osteogenic differentiation. Different methods are used to stimulate osteogenesis of ASCs in literature, including common osteogenic media, growth factors, hormones, hypoxia, mechanical and chemical stimuli, genetic modification, and nanotechnology. This review article provides an overview describing the isolation procedure, characterization, properties, current methods for osteogenic differentiation of ASCs, and their basic biological mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Shafaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kalarestaghi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Li Z, Mu D, Liu C, Xin M, Fu S, Li S, Qi J, Wang Q, Luan J. The cell yields and biological characteristics of stromal/stem cells from lipoaspirate with different digestion loading ratio. Cytotechnology 2020; 72:203-215. [PMID: 31993890 PMCID: PMC7193004 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-020-00369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective harvesting procedure for adipose tissue is demanded by the affordable Good Manufacturing Practice-Compliant Production of clinical-grade adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs). Enzymatic digestion using collagenase is the most reliable method of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) isolation, while the optimized loading volume ratios of digestion to container during the shaking process of adipose tissue and collagenase mixture are still lacking. This study was conducted to determine the optimized loading volume ratio (mixture to container) for enzymatic digestion of Stromal/Stem Cells from lipoaspirate. Lipoaspirates were obtained from twelve women immediately after liposuction. Then tissue from each patient was divided into four groups according to different loading volume ratios in 50 ml centrifugal tube: 0.2 group, 0.4 group, 0.6 group, 0.8 group. Stromal vascular fractions (SVF) were obtained from each group, then total cell counts, viability and viable cell count were performed. hADSCs were harvested at passage (P) 2, whose morphologies, immunophenotypes, proliferation, and tri-differentiation abilities were compared. 0.4 loading volume ratio provided the highest cell yield, favorable viability and viable cell yield. The proliferation and triple differentiation ability of hADSCs obtained by 0.4 group was not inferior to that of other groups. Therefore, 0.4 may be the optimal loading volume ratio for hADSCs isolation from lipoaspirate by enzymatic digestion in current setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifei Li
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Mu
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjun Liu
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Minqiang Xin
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Fu
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangshan Li
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qi
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Research Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union of Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Luan
- Breast Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center of Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Ba-Da-Chu Rd, Shijingshan Dist, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
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30
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da Silva LL, Silveira MD, da Costa Garcia CAS, Grudzinski PB, Martins CF, Nardi NB. Coronary corium, a new source of equine mesenchymal stromal cells. Vet Res Commun 2020; 44:41-49. [PMID: 32130648 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-020-09771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted great attention for therapeutic applications. Since cells derived from different tissues have different properties, using the right tissue source may impact their efficiency in regenerative medicine. This study describes for the first time the isolation and characterization of MSCs derived from the equine coronary corium, which may be useful for treating diseases such as laminitis. Seven coronary corium samples were used for isolation of cells (ccMSCs). Adherent cells were characterized for morphology, immunophenotype, proliferation and differentiation potential, in vitro migration and colony-forming capacity. The cells displayed the characteristic fibroblastoid morphology, with population doubling time increasing until passage 7 and reaching a plateau in passage 10. Cells were negative for CD14 and CD45, and positive for CD73 and CD90. ccMSCs showed chondrogenic and osteogenic, but not adipogenic differentiation, and migrated with nearly total closing of the empty area in 48 h, in the scratch assay. The clonogenic potential was in average 18% to 23%. This study describes for the first time the establishment of mesenchymal stromal cell cultures from the equine coronary corium. The results are similar to MSCs isolated from many other equine tissues, except for restricted differentiation potential. As coronary corium stem cell regulation may contribute to the pathogenesis of equine chronic laminitis, the use of ccMSCs in cell therapy for this significantly debilitating disease should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Lopes da Silva
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, 96010900, Brazil
| | - Maiele Dornelles Silveira
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, 92425-900, Brazil.,CellMed Medicina Regenerativa e Consultoria Científica, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Bencke Grudzinski
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Av Princesa Isabel 395, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-371, Brazil
| | - Charles Ferreira Martins
- Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, Pelotas, RS, 96010900, Brazil
| | - Nance Beyer Nardi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, 92425-900, Brazil. .,CellMed Medicina Regenerativa e Consultoria Científica, Porto Alegre, RS, 90619-900, Brazil. .,Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Av Princesa Isabel 395, Porto Alegre, RS, 90040-371, Brazil.
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31
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Lee SJ, Lee CR, Kim KJ, Ryu YH, Kim E, Han YN, Moon SH, Rhie JW. Optimal Condition of Isolation from an Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction for the Development of Automated Systems. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 17:203-208. [PMID: 31997256 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from adipose tissue, which contains stem cells as well as other cell types, has been applied in various research fields. Although different enzymatic concentrations and treatment durations have been applied to isolate the SVF, optimal conditions have not been established. Thus, we aimed to establish the optimal conditions for isolation of the SVF from adipose tissue by automated systems. METHODS The SVF was collected from removed adipose tissues of five donors during surgery. The SVF was treated with 0.1% or 0.2% collagenase type I for 20, 40, or 60 min. Then, colony forming unit (CFU) assays and flow cytometry were performed to characterize the adipose stem cells (ASCs). A cytokine array was used to investigate the correlation between colony-formation ability and the secretion of isolated ASCs. RESULTS Treatment with 0.1% collagenase type I for 60 min resulted in a higher SVF yield, whereas treatment with 0.1% collagenase for 40 min resulted in higher CFU values. In addition, expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the SVF was higher in the high-CFU group than in the low-CFU group. CONCLUSION The optimal conditions for isolation of the SVF from adipose tissue were treatment with 0.1% collagenase type I for 40 min. We identified the conditions required for efficient SVF isolation based on high CFU values, and our results will facilitate the development of automated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Lee
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Rim Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Joo Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Ryu
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Na Han
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ho Moon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Rhie
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Gersch RP, Raum JC, Calvert C, Percec I. Fibroblasts Derived From Human Adipose Stem Cells Produce More Effective Extracellular Matrix and Migrate Faster Compared to Primary Dermal Fibroblasts. Aesthet Surg J 2020; 40:108-117. [PMID: 30873530 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) to improve wound healing has been extensively investigated. Unfortunately, no consistent reports have described significant improvements in healing time or outcomes in large-scale clinical trials utilizing human ASCs. Primarily, these studies examined undifferentiated ASCs as opposed to specific cells differentiated from ASCs. OBJECTIVES The authors sought to examine the properties of fibroblasts differentiated from human ASCs (dFib cells) compared with those of primary dermal fibroblasts. METHODS ASCs were isolated from healthy female patients, differentiated into dFib cells, and compared with intra-patient primary dermal fibroblasts for morphology, extracellular matrix (ECM) marker expression, and cell migration employing qPCR, western blot, and scratch test assays. RESULTS De novo differentiated fibroblasts produce higher levels of the healthy ECM markers Elastin, Fibronectin, and Collagen 1 compared with primary fibroblasts. In contrast, dFib cells have reduced expression of the scar tissue markers αSMA, Collagen 3, and MMP-1. Further, dFib cells close scratch defects more quickly than primary dermal fibroblasts (32 ± 12.85 hours vs 64 ± 13.85 hours, P < 0.01) in a scratch test assay. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that fibroblasts newly differentiated from human ASCs migrate well and produce a robust ECM, the combination of which may contribute to improved wound healing, and thus should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Gersch
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jeffrey C Raum
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Catherine Calvert
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ivona Percec
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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33
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Structural and Functional Characterization of Deceased Donor Stem Cells: A Viable Alternative to Living Donor Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5841587. [PMID: 31885618 PMCID: PMC6899284 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5841587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells can be isolated from various human tissues including bone marrow (BM) and adipose tissue (AT). Our study outlines a process to isolate adult stem cells from deceased donors. We have shown that cell counts obtained from deceased donor BM were within established living donor parameters. Evaluation of demographic information exhibited a higher percentage of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in males versus females, as well as a higher percentage of HSC in the age bracket of 25 years and under. For the first time, we show that deceased donor femur BM grew cell colonies. Our introduction of new technology for nonenzymatic AT processing significantly increased cell recovery over the traditional enzymatic processing method. Cell counts from the deceased donor AT exceeded living donor parameters. Furthermore, our data illustrated that AT from female donors yielded a much higher number of total nucleated cells (TNC) than males. Together, our data demonstrates that our approach to isolate stem cells from deceased donors could be a routine practice to provide a viable alternative to living donor stem cells. This will offer increased accessibility for patients awaiting stem cell therapies.
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34
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Gentile P, Calabrese C, De Angelis B, Pizzicannella J, Kothari A, Garcovich S. Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5471. [PMID: 31684107 PMCID: PMC6862236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous therapies using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVFs) and adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) warrant careful preparation of the harvested adipose tissue. Currently, no standardized technique for this preparation exists. Processing quantitative standards (PQSs) define manufacturing quantitative variables (such as time, volume, and pressure). Processing qualitative standards (PQLSs) define the quality of the materials and methods in manufacturing. The purpose of the review was to use PQSs and PQLSs to report the in vivo and in vitro results obtained by different processing kits that use different procedures (enzymatic vs. non-enzymatic) to isolate human AD-SVFs/AD-MSCs. PQSs included the volume of fat tissue harvested and reagents used, the time/gravity of centrifugation, and the time, temperature, and tilt level/speed of incubation and/or centrifugation. PQLSs included the use of a collagenase, a processing time of 30 min, kit weight, transparency of the kit components, the maintenance of a closed sterile processing environment, and the use of a small centrifuge and incubating rocker. Using a kit with the PQSs and PQLSs described in this study enables the isolation of AD-MSCs that meet the consensus quality criteria. As the discovery of new critical quality attributes (CQAs) of AD-MSCs evolve with respect to purity and potency, adjustments to these benchmark PQSs and PQLs will hopefully isolate AD-MSCs of various CQAs with greater reproducibility, quality, and safety. Confirmatory studies will no doubt need to be completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara De Angelis
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Chief of Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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35
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Winnier GE, Valenzuela N, Peters-Hall J, Kellner J, Alt C, Alt EU. Isolation of adipose tissue derived regenerative cells from human subcutaneous tissue with or without the use of an enzymatic reagent. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221457. [PMID: 31479463 PMCID: PMC6719836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Freshly isolated, uncultured, autologous adipose derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) have emerged as a promising tool for regenerative cell therapy. The Transpose RT system (InGeneron, Inc., Houston, TX, USA) is a system for isolating ADRCs from adipose tissue, commercially available in Europe as a CE-marked medical device and under clinical evaluation in the United States. This system makes use of the proprietary, enzymatic Matrase Reagent for isolating cells. The present study addressed the question whether the use of Matrase Reagent influences cell yield, cell viability, live cell yield, biological characteristics, physiological functions or structural properties of the ADRCs in final cell suspension. Identical samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue from 12 subjects undergoing elective lipoplasty were processed either with or without the use of Matrase Reagent. Then, characteristics of the ADRCs in the respective final cell suspensions were evaluated. Compared to non-enzymatic isolation, enzymatic isolation resulted in approximately twelve times higher mean cell yield (i.e., numbers of viable cells/ml lipoaspirate) and approximately 16 times more colony forming units. Despite these differences, cells isolated from lipoaspirate both with and without the use of Matrase Reagent were independently able to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers. This indicates that biological characteristics, physiological functions or structural properties relevant for the intended use were not altered or induced using Matrase Reagent. A comprehensive literature review demonstrated that isolation of ADRCs from lipoaspirate using the Transpose RT system and the Matrase Reagent results in the highest viable cell yield among published data regarding isolation of ADRCs from lipoaspirate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Eckhard U. Alt
- InGeneron, Inc., Houston, TX, United States of America
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
- Sanford Health, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Isar Klinikum Munich, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail: ,
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36
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Doornaert M, De Maere E, Colle J, Declercq H, Taminau J, Lemeire K, Berx G, Blondeel P. Xenogen-free isolation and culture of human adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 40:101532. [PMID: 31421383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose-derived Stem Cells (ASCs) present great potential for reconstructive procedures. Currently, isolation by enzyme digestion and culturing using xenogenic substances remain the gold standard, impairing clinical use. METHODS Abdominal lipo-aspirate and blood samples were obtained from healthy patients. A novel mechanical isolation method for ASCs was compared to (the standard) collagenase digestion. ASCs are examined by flowcytometry and multilineage differentiation assays. Cell cultures were performed without xenogenic or toxic substances, using autologous plasma extracted from peripheral blood. After eGFP-transfection, an in vivo differentiation assay was performed. RESULTS Mechanical isolation is more successful in isolating CD34+/CD31-/CD45-/CD13+/CD73+/CD146- ASCs from lipo-aspirate than isolation via collagenase digestion (p <0 .05). ASCs display multilineage differentiation potential in vitro. Autologous plasma is a valid additive for ASCs culturing. eGFP-ASCs, retrieved after 3 months in vivo, differentiated in adipocytes and endothelial cells. CONCLUSION A practical method for human ASC isolation and culturing from abdominal lipo-aspirate, without the addition of xenogenic substances, is described. The mechanical protocol is more successful than the current gold standard protocol of enzyme digestion. These results are important in the translation of laboratory-based cell cultures to clinical reconstructive and aesthetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Doornaert
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - E De Maere
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - J Colle
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | - H Declercq
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, UGent, Gent, Belgium.
| | - J Taminau
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Gent (CRIG), Belgium.
| | - K Lemeire
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), VIB, Gent, Belgium.
| | - G Berx
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Gent, Belgium; Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), VIB, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Ph Blondeel
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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Characterization and Optimization of the Seeding Process of Adipose Stem Cells on the Polycaprolactone Scaffolds. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:1201927. [PMID: 30915123 PMCID: PMC6402208 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1201927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the usefulness of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for bone injury therapy. Lipoaspirates were collected from the abdomen regions of 17 healthy female donors (mean age 49 ± 6 years) using Coleman technique or Body-jet liposuction. In the present study, the primary objective was the in vitro characteristics of human ASCs. The secondary objective was the optimization of the cell seeding process on 3D-printed scaffolds using polycaprolactone (PCL) or polycaprolactone covered with tricalcium phosphate (PCL + 5% TCP). Biological evaluation of human ASC showed high efficiency of isolation obtaining a satisfying amount of homogeneous cell populations. Results suggest that ASCs can be cultured in vitro for a long time without impairing their proliferative capacity. Growth kinetics shows that the highest number of cells can be achieved in passage 5 and after the 16th passage; there is a significant decrease of cell numbers and their proliferative potential. The percentage of colony forming units from the adipose stem cells is 8% ± 0.63% (p < 0.05). It was observed that the accumulation of calcium phosphate in the cells in vitro, marked with Alizarin Red S, was increased along with the next passage. Analysis of key parameters critically related to the cell seeding process shows that volume of cell suspension and propagation time greatly improve the efficiency of seeding both in PCL and PCL + 5% TCP scaffolds. The cell seeding efficiency did differ significantly between scaffold materials and cell seeding methods (p < 0.001). Increased seeding efficiency was observed when using the saturation of cell suspension into scaffolds with additional incubation. Alkaline phosphatase level production in PCL + 5% TCP scaffold was better than in PCL-only scaffold. The study results can be used for the optimization of the seeding process and quantification methods determining the successful implementation of the preclinical model study in the future tissue engineering strategies.
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Pereira MRDJ, Pinhatti VR, Silveira MDD, Matzenbacher CA, Freitas TROD, Silva JD, Camassola M, Nardi NB. Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from Ctenomys minutus. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:870-877. [PMID: 30508008 PMCID: PMC6415614 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells distributed in all tissues and characterized by adherence, morphology, immunophenotype and trilineage differentiation potential. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize adherent MSC-like populations from different tissues of Ctenomys minutus, a threatened wildlife rodent popularly known as tuco-tuco. Adherent cells were isolated from bone marrow, brain, liver, pancreas and adipose tissue of three adult animals collect in southern Brazil. Cultures showed typical morphology and proliferation potential. Adipose-derived MSCs showed trilineage potential. Cultures derived from adipose tissue, bone marrow and brain were immunophenotyped with negative results for CD31, CD44, CD45, CD106, and MHC class II, as well as strong positive results for CD29. Low fluorescence levels were seen for CD49d, CD90.2 and CD117. Cultures were negative for CD49e, except for brain-derived cultures that were weakly positive. CD11b was negative in adipose-derived MSCs, but positive in brain and bone marrow-derived cultures. The scratch assay showed high migration potential for pancreas and adipose tissue-derived cells. This study represents the first report of isolation and characterization of cultures having characteristics of MSCs from Ctenomys minutus. The collection of biological information for biobanks represents an important contribution to the creation of strategies for prevention of loss of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Melissa Camassola
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Nance Beyer Nardi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil
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Calcitriol combined with calcium chloride causes apoptosis in undifferentiated adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells, but this effect decreases during adipogenic differentiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:914-924. [PMID: 30372903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcitriol, the bioactive hormone of vitamin D, is currently linked to several diseases, such as obesity and gain of adipose mass, due to its liposolubility and, consequently, its sequestration by adipocytes. As rates of obesity continue to increase, research on the biology of weight gain should be encouraged. This study evaluated the effects of calcitriol combined with CaCl2 on adipose tissue-derived human mesenchymal stem cells. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of the combination by MTT assays, in which undifferentiated cells and cells undergoing adipogenic differentiation were tested for 7 and 14 days. The results demonstrated that the combination of calcitriol at the IC50 and CaCl2 at the IC20 was effective at reducing the viability of mesenchymal stem cells, but with the progression of cell differentiation towards adipocytes, cell resistance to the cytotoxic effects increased. The percentages of dead cells were 88.29, 57.45 and 28.81% for undifferentiated cells and cells exposed to differentiation medium for 7 and 14 days, respectively. Undifferentiated cells were evaluated for apoptosis in response to the same combination using Annexin V assays, and a possible onset of programmed cell death in undifferentiated cells was detected. Additionally, the combination of the compounds altered the membrane permeability of undifferentiated cells by 16 percentage points and induced cell cycle arrest in S phase due to the accumulation of damage. An evaluation of gene expression revealed the overexpression of the GADD45 and ATM genes and the underexpression of the P21, P53, ATR, BCL-2, EIF2 AK3, IGF1R, DNAse-2, ATF, MAP3K4, ENGO-G, CASP3, CASP7 and CASP8 genes. Our results provide valuable insights into the biology of obesity and may contribute to the development of new anti-obesity therapies focusing on the inhibition of adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cell hyperplasia and adipogenic differentiation.
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Hahn HM, Jeong KS, Yoo BY, Park JH, Jung HJ, Lee IJ. Effect of the Bowl Structure in an Automated Cell-Isolation Device on Stromal Vascular Fraction's Isolation Yield. J Med Device 2018. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4041191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The enzymatic digestion of lipoaspirate is used to isolate the heterogeneous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) that contains the adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs). Several automated SVF isolation systems are used to operate standard technical procedures and avoid human errors. However, the yield of isolated cells and the residual collagenase activities of the SVF samples obtained from automated systems are not satisfactory compared to those from manual isolation methods. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency and the reliability of a new automated SVF isolation system in which the bowl was designed in the shape of a radial protrusion at each angle (a top-type bowl). The viability and yield of cells and the residual collagenase activities of SVFs obtained in a top-type bowl were compared with the SVFs obtained in a conventional bowl. We achieved a significantly higher yield of cells and decreased residual collagenase activity in the SVFs obtained from a top-type bowl (18.0 × 105 cells/mL of fat) compared to a conventional bowl (2.3 × 105 cells/mL). There was no significant difference in the cell viability between the two groups. These results suggest that the automated SVF isolation system with an improved bowl structure will potentially yield higher numbers of nucleated cells and decreased residual collagenase activity compared to conventional automated systems in cell-based clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Min Hahn
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu 16499, Suwon, South Korea e-mail:
| | - Kwang Sik Jeong
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University Hospital, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu 16499, Suwon, South Korea e-mail:
| | - Bo Young Yoo
- Medical and Scientific Affairs Team, Research Center, CGBIO Co., Ltd, 12, Bongeunsa-ro 114-gil, Gangnam-gu 06170, Seoul, South Korea e-mail:
| | - Jong Ha Park
- Research Center, CGBIO Co., Ltd, Seongnam-si 462-120, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea e-mail:
| | - Hyun Joo Jung
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ajou University Hospital, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu 16499, Suwon, South Korea e-mail:
| | - Il Jae Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu 16499, Suwon, South Korea e-mail:
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41
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Dubey NK, Mishra VK, Dubey R, Deng YH, Tsai FC, Deng WP. Revisiting the Advances in Isolation, Characterization and Secretome of Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082200. [PMID: 30060511 PMCID: PMC6121360 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) seems to be a promising regenerative therapeutic agent due to the minimally invasive approach of their harvest and multi-lineage differentiation potential. The harvested adipose tissues are further digested to extract stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which is cultured, and the anchorage-dependent cells are isolated in order to characterize their stemness, surface markers, and multi-differentiation potential. The differentiation potential of ASCs is directed through manipulating culture medium composition with an introduction of growth factors to obtain the desired cell type. ASCs have been widely studied for its regenerative therapeutic solution to neurologic, skin, wound, muscle, bone, and other disorders. These therapeutic outcomes of ASCs are achieved possibly via autocrine and paracrine effects of their secretome comprising of cytokines, extracellular proteins and RNAs. Therefore, secretome-derivatives might offer huge advantages over cells through their synthesis and storage for long-term use. When considering the therapeutic significance and future prospects of ASCs, this review summarizes the recent developments made in harvesting, isolation, and characterization. Furthermore, this article also provides a deeper insight into secretome of ASCs mediating regenerative efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Ceramics and Biomaterials Research Group, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Viraj Krishna Mishra
- Applied Biotech Engineering Centre (ABEC), Department of Biotechnology, Ambala College of Engineering and Applied Research, Ambala 133101, India.
| | - Rajni Dubey
- Graduate Institute Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yue-Hua Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Chou Tsai
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Win-Ping Deng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Basic medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan.
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42
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Shi R, Huang Y, Ma C, Wu C, Tian W. Current advances for bone regeneration based on tissue engineering strategies. Front Med 2018; 13:160-188. [PMID: 30047029 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-018-0629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a rapidly developing strategy for repairing critical-sized bone defects to address the unmet need for bone augmentation and skeletal repair. Effective therapies for bone regeneration primarily require the coordinated combination of innovative scaffolds, seed cells, and biological factors. However, current techniques in bone tissue engineering have not yet reached valid translation into clinical applications because of several limitations, such as weaker osteogenic differentiation, inadequate vascularization of scaffolds, and inefficient growth factor delivery. Therefore, further standardized protocols and innovative measures are required to overcome these shortcomings and facilitate the clinical application of these techniques to enhance bone regeneration. Given the deficiency of comprehensive studies in the development in BTE, our review systematically introduces the new types of biomimetic and bifunctional scaffolds. We describe the cell sources, biology of seed cells, growth factors, vascular development, and the interactions of relevant molecules. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and perspectives that may propel the direction of future clinical delivery in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Chengai Wu
- Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China. .,Department of Spine Surgery of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100035, China.
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43
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Tsurumachi N, Akita D, Kano K, Matsumoto T, Toriumi T, Kazama T, Oki Y, Saito-Tamura Y, Tonogi M, Shimizu N, Honda M. Effect of collagenase concentration on the isolation of small adipocytes from human buccal fat pad. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:14-23. [PMID: 29479028 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells were isolated from mature adipocytes using the ceiling culture method. Recently, we successfully isolated DFAT cells from adipocytes with a relatively small size (<40 μm). DFAT cells have a higher osteogenic potential than that of medium adipocytes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of collagenase solution for isolating small adipocytes from human buccal fat pads (BFPs). Four concentrations of collagenase solution (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.1%, and 0.5%) were used, and their effectiveness was assessed by the number of small adipocytes and DFAT cells isolated. The total number of floating adipocytes that dissociated with 0.02% collagenase was 2.5 times of that dissociated with 0.1% collagenase. The number of floating adipocytes with a diameter of ≤29 μm that dissociated with 0.02% collagenase was thrice of those dissociated with 0.1% and 0.5% collagenase. The number of DFAT cells that dissociated with 0.02% collagenase was 1.5 times of that dissociated with 0.1% collagenase. In addition, DFAT cells that dissociated with 0.02% collagenase had a higher osteogenic differentiation potential than those that dissociated with 0.1% collagenase. These results suggest that 0.02% is the optimal collagenase concentration for isolating small adipocytes from BFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niina Tsurumachi
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Daisuke Akita
- Department of Partial Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Koichiro Kano
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Taro Matsumoto
- Department of Functional Morphology Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Taku Toriumi
- Department of Anatomy, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Tomohiko Kazama
- Department of Functional Morphology Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Nihon University School of Medicine
| | - Yoshinao Oki
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University
| | | | - Morio Tonogi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry
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44
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Mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue and bone repair: a literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biori.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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Mahmood R, Shaukat M, S Choudhery M. Biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue, umbilical cord tissue and bone marrow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/celltissue.2018.2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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46
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A Method for Isolation of Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells in a Clinically Relevant Time Frame. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1773:11-19. [PMID: 29687377 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7799-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the clinical applications of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) based on promising preclinical data. As adipose-derived therapeutics begin to translate into the clinical setting, it is important to maintain patient safety as well as uniformity in technique. Here, we describe a method for isolation of stromal vascular fraction cells in a clinically relevant time frame. Analytical laboratory techniques are mentioned, but respective protocols are not provided here.
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47
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Schweich LDC, Oliveira EJTD, Pesarini JR, Hermeto LC, Camassola M, Nardi NB, Brochado TMM, Antoniolli-Silva ACMB, Oliveira RJ. All-trans retinoic acid induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of human adipose-derived stem cells and affects the balance of the adipogenic differentiation. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1267-1274. [PMID: 29239820 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is the most active form of vitamin A that helps to regulate the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of several types of cells, mainly the adipocytes, and causes weight loss through the reduction of adipogenesis and lipogenesis. In this present study we demonstrated that ATRA concentrations of 20.75, 50 and 100 μM decreased the cell viability in vitro of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and in ADSCs during adipogenic differentiation. The cells cycle assessment showed that ATRA increased the cell frequency in Sub-G1 at 4.02x and decreased it in G1 in 2.54x. Moreover, the membrane integrity loss increased by 4.66x and apoptosis increased by 33.56x in ATRA-treated cultures. The gene expression assay suggested that the treatment using ATRA leads to mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and to consequent release of proapoptotic BAK and BAX molecules (increased expression 5.5 and 5.4x respectively); in addition, it increased CASP3 expression (by 8.8x). These events may activate the Bcl-2 (4.1x increase), GADD45 (increase 3.14x) and PPAR-γ (16x increase) expressions, as well as, to reduce the p53 (by -1.38x) expression; therefore, these events should be further mediated by increased RARα expression (by 3.8x). The results evidenced that ATRA may be a good proposal for mesotherapy strategies in order to control the development of subcutaneous adipose tissue; as this tissue have a higher development in some specific areas and ATRA interferes not only in the ADSCs differentiation but also in the apoptosis of ADSCs, preadipocytes and adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laynna de Carvalho Schweich
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Graduate Programme in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, School of Medicine (FAMED), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Edwin José Torres de Oliveira
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; State University of Londrina (UEL), Graduate Programme in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of General Biology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - João Renato Pesarini
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Graduate Programme in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, School of Medicine (FAMED), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Larissa Corrêa Hermeto
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Graduate Programme in Veterinary Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Melissa Camassola
- Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nance Beyer Nardi
- Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Themis Maria Milan Brochado
- Brazilian Institute of Therapies and Education (IBRATE), Graduate Programme in Dermatofunctional Physiotherapy, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andréia Conceição Milan Brochado Antoniolli-Silva
- Coordinator of CeTroGen, "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Associate Professor of Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) in Graduate Programme in Health and Development in the Central-West Region and School of Medicine (FAMED), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira
- Stem Cell, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics Research Centre (CeTroGen), "Maria Aparecida Pedrossian" University Hospital, Brazilian Hospital Services Company (EBSERH), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Graduate Programme in Health and Development in the Central-West Region, School of Medicine (FAMED), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; State University of Londrina (UEL), Graduate Programme in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of General Biology, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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48
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Combined Analysis of Endothelial, Hematopoietic, and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Compartments Shows Simultaneous but Independent Effects of Age and Heart Disease. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:5237634. [PMID: 28819363 PMCID: PMC5551513 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5237634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical trials using stem cell therapy for heart diseases have not reproduced the initial positive results obtained with animal models. This might be explained by a decreased regenerative capacity of stem cells collected from the patients. This work aimed at the simultaneous investigation of endothelial stem/progenitor cells (EPCs), mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs), and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs) in sternal bone marrow samples of patients with ischemic or valvular heart disease, using flow cytometry and colony assays. The study included 36 patients referred for coronary artery bypass grafting or valve replacement surgery. A decreased frequency of stem cells was observed in both groups of patients. Left ventricular dysfunction, diabetes, and intermediate risk in EuroSCORE and SYNTAX score were associated with lower EPCs frequency, and the use of aspirin and β-blockers correlated with a higher frequency of HSCs and EPCs, respectively. Most importantly, the distribution of frequencies in the three stem cell compartments showed independent patterns. The combined investigation of the three stem cell compartments in patients with cardiovascular diseases showed that they are independently affected by the disease, suggesting the investigation of prognostic factors that may be used to determine when autologous stem cells may be used in cell therapy.
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49
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Lockhart RA, Aronowitz JA, Dos-Anjos Vilaboa S. Use of Freshly Isolated Human Adipose Stromal Cells for Clinical Applications. Aesthet Surg J 2017; 37:S4-S8. [PMID: 29025212 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjw270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of adipose-derived cells is being explored very actively around the world for various human diseases. Adipose tissue is an abundant tissue source that can be easily harvested using liposuction. Human lipoaspirates contain a significant amount of mesenchymal stromal cells, as well as other progenitors and terminally differentiated cell types. This review covers the isolation of adipose stromal vascular fraction (SVF), the quality control and safety analysis of freshly isolated cell suspensions. The comparison between freshly isolated stromal cells and culture expanded cells from adipose tissue samples is also highlighted. This article provides a brief but comprehensive review about SVF isolation in the clinical setting, cell characterization, and biological potency of freshly obtained adipose stromal cells.
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50
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Pesarini JR, Oliveira RJ, Pessatto LR, Antoniolli-Silva ACMB, Felicidade I, Nardi NB, Camassola M, Mantovani MS, Ribeiro LR. Vitamin D: Correlation with biochemical and body composition changes in a southern Brazilian population and induction of cytotoxicity in mesenchymal stem cells derived from human adipose tissue. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:861-871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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