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Ning B, Ge T, Wu Y, Wang Y, Zhao M. Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Anxiety or Depression After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2921-2937. [PMID: 37946008 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety or depression after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the key clinical problems in cardiology that need to be solved urgently. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may be a potential biomarker for the pathogenesis and treatment of anxiety or depression after PCI. This article reviews the correlation between BDNF and cardiovascular system and nervous system from the aspects of synthesis, release and action site of BDNF, and focuses on the latest research progress of the mechanism of BDNF in anxiety or depression after PCI. It includes the specific mechanisms by which BDNF regulates the levels of inflammatory factors, reduces oxidative stress damage, and mediates multiple signaling pathways. In addition, this review summarizes the therapeutic potential of BDNF as a potential biomarker for anxiety or depression after PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ning
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Teng Ge
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yongqing Wu
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
- Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Mingjun Zhao
- First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
- Affiliated Hospital, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xianyang, 712046, China.
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Valls-Lacalle L, Consegal M, Ganse FG, Yáñez-Bisbe L, Pastor J, Ruiz-Meana M, Inserte J, Benito B, Ferreira-González I, Rodríguez-Sinovas A. Long-Term Protective Effects of Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibition during Reperfusion with Malonate on Post-Infarction Left Ventricular Scar and Remodeling in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4366. [PMID: 38673951 PMCID: PMC11050251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition with malonate during initial reperfusion reduces myocardial infarct size in both isolated mouse hearts subjected to global ischemia and in in situ pig hearts subjected to transient coronary ligature. However, the long-term effects of acute malonate treatment are unknown. Here, we investigated whether the protective effects of succinate dehydrogenase inhibition extend to a reduction in scar size and adverse left ventricular remodeling 28 days after myocardial infarction. Initially, ten wild-type mice were subjected to 45 min of left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion, followed by 24 h of reperfusion, and were infused during the first 15 min of reperfusion with saline with or without disodium malonate (10 mg/kg/min, 120 μL/kg/min). Malonate-treated mice depicted a significant reduction in infarct size (15.47 ± 3.40% of area at risk vs. 29.34 ± 4.44% in control animals, p < 0.05), assessed using triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Additional animals were then subjected to a 45 min LAD ligature, followed by 28 days of reperfusion. Treatment with a single dose of malonate during the first 15 min of reperfusion induced a significant reduction in scar area, measured using Picrosirius Red staining (11.94 ± 1.70% of left ventricular area (n = 5) vs. 23.25 ± 2.67% (n = 9), p < 0.05), an effect associated with improved ejection fraction 28 days after infarction, as determined using echocardiography, and an attenuated enhancement in expression of the pro-inflammatory and fibrotic markers NF-κB and Smad2/3 in remote myocardium. In conclusion, a reversible inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase with a single dose of malonate at the onset of reperfusion has long-term protective effects in mice subjected to transient coronary occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valls-Lacalle
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Consegal
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Freddy G. Ganse
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Yáñez-Bisbe
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pastor
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Inserte
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Benito
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ferreira-González
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Sinovas
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (L.V.-L.); (M.C.); (F.G.G.); (L.Y.-B.); (J.P.); (M.R.-M.); (J.I.); (B.B.); (I.F.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Liang Q, Zhang Y, Liang J. Elevated Serum Total Bilirubin Might Indicate Poor Coronary Conditions for Unstable Angina Pectoris Patients beyond as a Cardiovascular Protector. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:5532917. [PMID: 37705934 PMCID: PMC10497366 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5532917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Serum total bilirubin (STB) is recently more regarded as an antioxidant with vascular protective effects. However, we noticed that elevated STB appeared in unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients with diffused coronary lesions. We aimed to explore STB's roles in UAP patients, which have not been reported by articles. Methods and Results 1120 UAP patients were retrospectively screened, and 296 patients were finally enrolled. They were grouped by Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina grades. The synergy between PCI with TAXUS stent and cardiac surgery score (SYNTAX score) and corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow count (CTFC) were adopted to profile coronary features. The results showed that STB, mean platelet volume (MPV), hs-CRP, fasting blood glucose (FBG), red blood cell width (RDW), and CTFC elevated significantly in the CCS high-risk group. STB (B = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.74, P < 0.01) and MPV (B = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.42-1.31, P < 0.01) could indicate SYNTAX score changes for these patients. STB (≥21.7 μmol/L) could even indicate a coronary slow flow condition (AUC: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.93, P < 0.01). Moreover, UAP patients with elevated STB had a lower event-free survival rate by the Kaplan-Meier curve. STB ≥21.7 μmol/L could reflect a poor coronary flow status and indicate 1-year poor outcomes for these patients (HR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.06-3.84, P < 0.01). Conclusion Elevated STB in UAP patients has a close relationship with changes in SYNTAX score. STB (over 21.7 μmol/L) could even indicate a coronary slow flow condition and poor outcomes for the UAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Rd, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277 Yanta Rd, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin Liang
- Department of Medical Insurance, Xi'an Affiliated Hospital of the Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
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Wen H, Yu H. Correlation analysis of carotid plaque in young patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Vascular 2023; 31:90-97. [PMID: 35085053 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211052362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been reported to be related to atherosclerosis. The relationship between PLR, NLR, and carotid atherosclerotic plaque in young patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes has not been clinically reported. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between PLR, NLR, and carotid plaques in young patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. METHOD The total 268 patients were divided into the intima-media-thickening (IMT) group (116 cases) and plaque group (152 cases). The plaque group was divided into grade I (62 cases), grade II (47 cases), and grade III groups (43 cases). The counts of platelets, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were determined. RESULTS The diagnostic effect of PLR and NLR was evaluated by the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) and areas under the curve (AUC). The PLR and NLR values in the observation group were higher than those in the control group; these two values in the plaque group were also higher than those in the IMT group. The two values in the grade III plaque group were higher than those in grade II. The values in the grade II plaque group were also higher than those in the grade I plaque group. The ROC of PLR and NLR were 0.722 and 0.653, and the AUC of PLR and NLR were 111.086 and 2.240. PLR yielded a sensitivity of 0.789 and a specificity of 0.612. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio yielded a sensitivity of 0.809 and a specificity of 0.511. CONCLUSION The PLR and NLR may be related to carotid inflammation in patients and positively correlated with carotid plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Wen
- Department of Neurology, Baoji Municipal Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Hai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Baoji Municipal Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Protective Biomolecular Mechanisms of Glutathione Sodium Salt in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243964. [PMID: 36552727 PMCID: PMC9777519 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is responsible for adverse outcomes in patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Oxidative stress, resulting from the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and low availability of Glutathione (GSH), are the two main mediators of IRI. The effectiveness of exogenous antioxidant therapy in this scenario is still debated, since the encouraging results obtained in animal models have not been fully reproduced in clinical studies. In this review we focus on the role of GSH, specifically on the biomolecular mechanisms that preserve myocardial cells from damage due to reperfusion. In this regard, we provide an extensive discussion about GSH intrinsic antioxidant properties, its current applications in clinical practice, and the future perspectives.
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Peng YW, Major T, Deatrick KB, Mohammed A, Jeakle M, Charpie JR. Nicorandil attenuates ventricular dysfunction and organ injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. Int J Cardiol 2022; 368:62-68. [PMID: 35987313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicorandil, an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel agonist and nitric oxide donor, is a coronary vasodilator used to treat ischemia-induced chest pain, but it's potential cardioprotective benefits during open heart surgery have not been thoroughly investigated. The study objective was to assess the impact of nicorandil on postoperative ventricular dysfunction and end-organ injury in an established experimental model of open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegic arrest. We hypothesized that nicorandil would attenuate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, preserve ventricular function, and reduce end-organ injury. METHODS Rabbits were cannulated for CPB, followed by 60 min of aortic cross-clamp (ACC) with cold cardioplegic arrest, and 120 min of recovery after ACC removal. Nicorandil (or normal saline vehicle) was given intravenously 5 min before ACC and continued throughout the recovery period. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), systolic contractility (LV + dP/dt), and diastolic relaxation (LV -dP/dt) were continuously recorded, and blood and tissue samples were collected for measurement of oxidant stress (OS), inflammation, apoptosis, and organ injury. RESULTS Nicorandil significantly attenuated IR-induced LV dysfunction compared to saline control (R-120: LV + dP/dt: 1596 ± 397 vs. 514 ± 269 mmHg/s, p = 0.010; LV -dP/dt: -1524 ± 432 vs. -432 ± 243 mmHg/s, p < 0.001; LVDP: 55 ± 11 vs. 22 ± 5 mmHg, p = 0.046). Furthermore, nicorandil inhibited IR-induced increases in OS, inflammation, apoptosis, and organ injury. CONCLUSIONS Nicorandil exhibits myocardial protection by attenuation of IR-induced LV dysfunction associated with OS, inflammation, apoptosis, and organ injury. Nicorandil should be explored further as a potential therapeutic strategy for limiting global IR injury during open-heart surgery in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Peng
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Terry Major
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kristopher B Deatrick
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Azmath Mohammed
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mark Jeakle
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - John R Charpie
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Rotariu D, Babes EE, Tit DM, Moisi M, Bustea C, Stoicescu M, Radu AF, Vesa CM, Behl T, Bungau AF, Bungau SG. Oxidative stress - Complex pathological issues concerning the hallmark of cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113238. [PMID: 35687909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a complex biological process characterized by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as destroyers of the REDOX balance in the body and, implicitly, inducing oxidative damage. All the metabolisms are impaired in oxidative stress and even nucleic acid balance is influenced. ROS will promote structural changes of the tissues and organs due to interaction with proteins and phospholipids. The constellation of the cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) will usually develop in subjects with predisposition to cardiac disorders. Oxidative stress is usually related with hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) like coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiomyopathy or heart failure (HF), that can develop in subjects with the above-mentioned diseases. Elements describing the complex relationship between CVD and oxidative stress should be properly explored and described because prevention may be the optimal approach. Our paper aims to expose in detail the complex physiopathology of oxidative stress in CVD occurrence and novelties regarding the phenomenon. Biomarkers assessing oxidative stress or therapy targeting specific pathways represent a major progress that actually change the outcome of subjects with CVD. New antioxidants therapy specific for each CVD represents a captivating and interesting future perspective with tremendous benefits on subject's outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragos Rotariu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Emilia Elena Babes
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Madalina Moisi
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Manuela Stoicescu
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oradea, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
| | - Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India.
| | | | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania.
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Su H, Lu D, Shen M, Feng L, Xu C. Evaluating the cardioprotective effect of metformin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury using dynamic 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT imaging. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:310. [PMID: 35811313 PMCID: PMC9272551 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The molecular mechanisms of protective effect of metformin (Met) on ischemic myocardium have not been fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of metformin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in rat models at different time points using dynamic 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT imaging. METHODS The I/R injury model in SD rats was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery near the pulmonary arch root for 30 min. SD rats (n = 12) were randomly divided into 2 groups: Control group (n = 6) without any intervention and Met group (n = 6) with oral administration of metformin (50 mg/kg) twice a day. Gated 18F-FDG (40Mbq) micro-PET/CT imaging was performed for 10 min at different time points (day 1st, day 7th, day 14th and day 30th after operation). Volumes of interest were drawn to identify different myocardium regions (ischemia center, peri-ischemia area and remote area). Standardized uptake values (SUVs) (SUVmean and SUVmax) were analyzed to evaluate the FDG uptake activity, and then the center/remote ratio was calculated. In addition, the left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were obtained. On the 30th day, all rats were scarified and myocardial ischemia was analyzed by HE staining and confirmed by pathology. RESULTS In the Control group, the center/remote ratio showed no obvious change trend at each time point after reperfusion, while the LV EDV increased gradually over time, and they were significantly negatively correlated (r = - 0.507, p < 0.05). In the Met group, the center/remote ratio gradually increased with time, there was no significant correlation between center/remote ratio and LV EDV (r = - 0.078, p > 0.05). On the 30th day, the center/remote ratio of the Met group was significantly higher than that of the Control group (0.81 ± 0.06 vs. 0.65 ± 0.09, p < 0.05), while LV EDV in Met group was significantly lower than in Control group (358.21 ± 22.62 vs. 457.53 ± 29.91, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference of LVEF between Met group and Control group at different time points after reperfusion (p < 0.05). HE staining showed that the myocardial infarction and fibrosis in ischemic center area of the Control group was more serious than that of the Met group. CONCLUSIONS Met could attenuate the severity of MIRI, delay and prevent the progress of LV remodeling. The cardioprotective progress could be dynamically assessed by 18F-FDG micro-PET/CT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Diyu Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingkui Shen
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuangye Xu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
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Cao Y, Dong Z, Yang D, Ma X, Wang X. LSD1 regulates the expressions of core cardiogenic transcription factors and cardiac genes in oxygen and glucose deprivation injured mice fibroblasts in vitro. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113228. [PMID: 35688282 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac reprogramming has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach to regenerating the damaged heart by directly converting endogenous cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) into induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs). Cardiac reprogramming requires the activation of the cardiogenic transcriptional program in concert with the repression of the fibroblastic transcriptional program. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) plays an instrumental role in many physiological processes such as cell growth, differentiation and metabolism. The epigenetic modifications of histones are essential for the accurate expression of genes in cardiomyocytes and the normal functioning of the heart. However, the effect of LSD1 in regulating the cardiogenic transcriptional program under myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Thus, mice I/R injury was induced by 4 and 24 h reperfusion after 1-h occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The primary CFs and CMs were exposed under oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic I/R injury. The expression of LSD1 significantly decreased in I/R injured heart tissue and OGD-injured primary CFs and CM, and methylated histone presented a notable increase in OGD-injured primary CFs. Overexpression of LSD1 inhibited the injury of primary CFs induced by OGD, but showed limited inhibition on injured primary CMs. Under the OGD condition, LSD1 overexpression significantly increased cell viability, decreased cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of primary CFs. The expression of core cardiogenic transcription factors and cardiac genes were significantly decreased in OGD injured primary CFs, whereas LSD1 overexpression reversed the decrease of transcription factors and cardiac genes under the OGD condition. In conclusion, the overexpression of LSD1 has a protective role in I/R injury by inhibiting the histone methylation of primary CFs and regulates the expressions of core cardiogenic transcription factors and cardiac genes, which can prove to be a potential approach for direct cardiac reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Cao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, 510170, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhu Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongpeng Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Jinan University, 510235, People's Republic of China
| | - Ximiao Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, 570208, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, People's Liberation Army General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, 510170, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Zong Y, Li J, Xu X, Xu X. Effects of nicorandil on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary heart disease. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211058873. [PMID: 34871513 PMCID: PMC8652181 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211058873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study investigated the effects of a bolus intracoronary injection of nicorandil on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress induced by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods Patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) were enrolled into the CAG group (n = 30). Patients undergoing PCI were randomly divided into the PCI (n = 30) and PCI + nicorandil groups (n = 30). Results Blood taken from patients in the placebo group 24 hours after PCI exhibited significant increases in the expression of inflammatory indicators and mild increases in the expression of anti-inflammatory indicators. The intracoronary injection of nicorandil reversed the elevation of inflammatory indicators and significantly increased the levels of anti-inflammatory indicators in the blood of patients with PCI. Blood taken from patients in the placebo group 24 hours after PCI also displayed significant decreased superoxide dismutase levels and increased malondialdehyde levels. Nicorandil treatment reversed these changes of oxidative stress marker levels. Conclusions These results indicated the possible medical application of intracoronary injections of nicorandil for reducing systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the peripheral blood of patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zong
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Cardiology, 66310First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinghua Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
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11
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Fischesser DM, Bo B, Benton RP, Su H, Jahanpanah N, Haworth KJ. Controlling Reperfusion Injury With Controlled Reperfusion: Historical Perspectives and New Paradigms. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:504-523. [PMID: 34534022 DOI: 10.1177/10742484211046674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac reperfusion injury is a well-established outcome following treatment of acute myocardial infarction and other types of ischemic heart conditions. Numerous cardioprotection protocols and therapies have been pursued with success in pre-clinical models. Unfortunately, there has been lack of successful large-scale clinical translation, perhaps in part due to the multiple pathways that reperfusion can contribute to cell death. The search continues for new cardioprotection protocols based on what has been learned from past results. One class of cardioprotection protocols that remain under active investigation is that of controlled reperfusion. This class consists of those approaches that modify, in a controlled manner, the content of the reperfusate or the mechanical properties of the reperfusate (e.g., pressure and flow). This review article first provides a basic overview of the primary pathways to cell death that have the potential to be addressed by various forms of controlled reperfusion, including no-reflow phenomenon, ion imbalances (particularly calcium overload), and oxidative stress. Descriptions of various controlled reperfusion approaches are described, along with summaries of both mechanistic and outcome-oriented studies at the pre-clinical and clinical phases. This review will constrain itself to approaches that modify endogenously-occurring blood components. These approaches include ischemic postconditioning, gentle reperfusion, controlled hypoxic reperfusion, controlled hyperoxic reperfusion, controlled acidotic reperfusion, and controlled ionic reperfusion. This review concludes with a discussion of the limitations of past approaches and how they point to potential directions of investigation for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetria M Fischesser
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bin Bo
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rachel P Benton
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Haili Su
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Newsha Jahanpanah
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin J Haworth
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, 2514University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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12
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Früh A, Bileck A, Muqaku B, Wurm R, Neuditschko B, Arfsten H, Galli L, Kriechbaumer L, Hubner P, Goliasch G, Heinz G, Holzer M, Sterz F, Adlbrecht C, Gerner C, Distelmaier K. Catalase Predicts In-Hospital Mortality after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173906. [PMID: 34501367 PMCID: PMC8432041 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide, in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors causes systemic ischemia/reperfusion injury that may lead to multiple organ dysfunction and mortality. We hypothesized that the antioxidant enzyme catalase may attenuate these pathophysiological processes after cardiac arrest. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the predictive value of catalase levels for mortality in OHCA survivors. In a prospective, single-center study, catalase levels were determined in OHCA survivors 48 h after the return of spontaneous circulation. Thirty-day mortality was defined as the study end point. A total of 96 OHCA survivors were enrolled, of whom 26% (n = 25) died within the first 30 days after OHCA. The median plasma intensity levels (log2) of catalase were 8.25 (IQR 7.64–8.81). Plasma levels of catalase were found to be associated with mortality, with an adjusted HR of 2.13 (95% CI 1.07–4.23, p = 0.032). A Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant increase in 30-day mortality in patients with high catalase plasma levels compared to patients with low catalase levels (p = 0.012). High plasma levels of catalase are a strong and independent predictor for 30-day mortality in OHCA survivors. This indicates that ROS-dependent tissue damage is playing a crucial role in fatal outcomes of post-cardiac syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Früh
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Andrea Bileck
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Joint Metabolome Facility, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Besnik Muqaku
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
| | - Raphael Wurm
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Benjamin Neuditschko
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrike Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Lukas Galli
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Lukas Kriechbaumer
- University Clinic of Orthopedics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Pia Hubner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Gottfried Heinz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
| | - Michael Holzer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | - Fritz Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (P.H.); (M.H.); (F.S.)
| | | | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (B.M.); (B.N.)
- Joint Metabolome Facility, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.F.); (H.A.); (L.G.); (G.G.); (G.H.); (K.D.)
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Xu W, Sakran M, Fei J, Li X, Weng C, Yang W, Zhu G, Zhu W, Zhou X. Electrochemical Biosensor Based on HRP/Ti 3C 2/Nafion Film for Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide in Serum Samples of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2767-2773. [PMID: 33940791 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been reported to mediate a variety of physiological and pathological processes in living systems. In this work, a biosensor for determination of H2O2 was prepared by using an HRP/Ti3C2/Nafion film-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Ti3C2 nanosheets with remarkable conductivity and high specific surface area were chosen as carriers for HRP. Moreover, this biosensor modified with HRP has a specific catalytic effect on H2O2. The difference in peak current could reflect the quantitative change of H2O2. The linear range of the biosensor is 5-8000 μM, and the detection limit is 1 μM (S/N = 3). This biosensor was used to detect H2O2 in clinical serum samples of normal controls and patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The results showed that the difference between normal controls and patients is significant (P < 0.05), as well as the difference for patients before and after PCI (P < 0.01), but no significant difference existed between postoperative patients and normal controls. This biosensor has the advantages of simple preparation, high sensitivity, and quick detection, showing potential application in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Marwan Sakran
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Jianwen Fei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Chenyuan Weng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Wei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Guomin Zhu
- Nanjing Yimin Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100, China
| | - Wanying Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Xuemin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Daiber A, Andreadou I, Oelze M, Davidson SM, Hausenloy DJ. Discovery of new therapeutic redox targets for cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:325-343. [PMID: 33359685 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Global epidemiological studies reported a shift from maternal/infectious communicable diseases to chronic non-communicable diseases and a major part is attributable to atherosclerosis and metabolic disorders. Accordingly, ischemic heart disease was identified as a leading risk factor for global mortality and morbidity with a prevalence of 128 million people. Almost 9 million premature deaths can be attributed to ischemic heart disease and subsequent acute myocardial infarction and heart failure, also representing a substantial socioeconomic burden. As evidenced by typical oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation products or oxidized DNA/RNA bases, the formation of reactive oxygen species by various sources (NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase and mitochondrial resperatory chain) plays a central role for the severity of ischemia/reperfusion damage. The underlying mechanisms comprise direct oxidative damage but also adverse redox-regulation of kinase and calcium signaling, inflammation and cardiac remodeling among others. These processes and the role of reactive oxygen species are discussed in the present review. We also present and discuss potential targets for redox-based therapies that are either already established in the clinics (e.g. guanylyl cyclase activators and stimulators) or at least successfully tested in preclinical models of myocardial infarction and heart failure (mitochondria-targeted antioxidants). However, reactive oxygen species have not only detrimental effects but are also involved in essential cellular signaling and may even act protective as seen by ischemic pre- and post-conditioning or eustress - which makes redox therapy quite challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, United Kingdom; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan.
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15
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Gong L, Wang X, Pan J, Zhang M, Liu D, Liu M, Li L, An F. The co-treatment of rosuvastatin with dapagliflozin synergistically inhibited apoptosis via activating the PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury rats. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:47-57. [PMID: 33385063 PMCID: PMC7754177 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of co-treatment of rosuvastatin (RSV) and dapagliflozin (DGZ) preconditioning in myocardium ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and to further investigate the underlying mechanism. Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 25) were divided into five groups randomly: (1) Sham, (2) I/R, (3) I/R + RSV (10 mg/kg), (4) IR + DGZ (1 mg/kg), and (5) I/R + RSV (10 mg/kg) + DGZ (1 mg/kg). The I/R model was induced with 30 min of left anterior descending occlusion followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Results In vivo pretreatment with RSV and DGZ, respectively, showed a significant reduction of infarction size, a significant increase in the levels of left ventricular systolic pressure, and maximal rate increase in left ventricular pressure (+dp/dtmax), decrease in the levels of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), maximal rate of decrease of left ventricular pressure (−dp/dtmax) and activity of cardiac enzymes of creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase MB isoenzymes (CK-MB), and hyper-tensive cardiac troponin I compared with the I/R group. H9C2 cells were exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation to simulate an I/R model. In vitro administration of 25 µM RSV and 50 µM DGZ significantly enhanced cell viability, upregulated the expression levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR, and Bcl-2, whereas it downregulated cleaved-caspase3, Bax. TUNEL assay indicated that pretreatment with RSV and DGZ decreased the apoptosis of H9C2 cells. Conclusion The combination of RSV and DGZ significantly enhances the cardioprotective effects compared with RSV or DGZ alone. RSV and DGZ have the potential cardioprotective effects against I/R injury by activating the PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 MeiJian Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jinyu Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Dian Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ming Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Li Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No.32 MeiJian Road, Quanshan District, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
| | - Fengshuang An
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 WenHuaXi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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16
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The Association of Ascorbic Acid, Deferoxamine and N-Acetylcysteine Improves Cardiac Fibroblast Viability and Cellular Function Associated with Tissue Repair Damaged by Simulated Ischemia/Reperfusion. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120614. [PMID: 31817022 PMCID: PMC6943610 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and thus, an extensively studied disease. Nonetheless, the effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury elicited by oxidative stress on cardiac fibroblast function associated with tissue repair are not completely understood. Ascorbic acid, deferoxamine, and N-acetylcysteine (A/D/N) are antioxidants with known cardioprotective effects, but the potential beneficial effects of combining these antioxidants in the tissue repair properties of cardiac fibroblasts remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether the pharmacological association of these antioxidants, at low concentrations, could confer protection to cardiac fibroblasts against simulated ischemia/reperfusion injury. To test this, neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion in the presence or absence of A/D/N treatment added at the beginning of simulated reperfusion. Cell viability was assessed using trypan blue staining, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed using a 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate probe. Cell death was measured by flow cytometry using propidium iodide. Cell signaling mechanisms, differentiation into myofibroblasts and pro-collagen I production were determined by Western blot, whereas migration was evaluated using the wound healing assay. Our results show that A/D/N association using a low concentration of each antioxidant increased cardiac fibroblast viability, but that their separate administration did not provide protection. In addition, A/D/N association attenuated oxidative stress triggered by simulated ischemia/reperfusion, induced phosphorylation of pro-survival extracellular-signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and PKB (protein kinase B)/Akt, and decreased phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic proteins p38- mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, treatment with A/D/N also reduced reperfusion-induced apoptosis, evidenced by a decrease in the sub-G1 population, lower fragmentation of pro-caspases 9 and 3, as well as increased B-cell lymphoma-extra large protein (Bcl-xL)/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) ratio. Furthermore, simulated ischemia/reperfusion abolished serum-induced migration, TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta 1)-mediated cardiac fibroblast-to-cardiac myofibroblast differentiation, and angiotensin II-induced pro-collagen I synthesis, but these effects were prevented by treatment with A/D/N. In conclusion, this is the first study where a pharmacological combination of A/D/N, at low concentrations, protected cardiac fibroblast viability and function after simulated ischemia/reperfusion, and thereby represents a novel therapeutic approach for cardioprotection.
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Xu X, Liu X, Yu L, Ma J, Yu S, Ni M. Impact of intracoronary nicorandil before stent deployment in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:137-146. [PMID: 31853283 PMCID: PMC6909796 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the effect of bolus intracoronary nicorandil on inflammatory, oxidative and adherent indicators in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed to detect the inflammation and oxidative stress in intracoronary blood both before and after PCI. In total, 65 consecutive patients undergoing PCI were classified into a nicorandil therapy group (n=32) or a placebo group (n=33). All procedures were performed at Shandong University Qilu Hospital, China, during the period from March, 2016 to May, 2017. Intracoronary blood from patients who received nicorandil therapy during PCI showed no change in soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) concentration (1.86±0.08 vs. 1.90±0.09 ng/ml, P=0.12) but a significant increase was noted in the control group (1.87±0.17 vs. 2.82±0.26 ng/ml, P<0.01). This indicated a relative reduction in sCD40L level after PCI in the nicorandil group. We further demonstrated an increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (29.37±0.81 vs. 31.03±0.60 U/ml, P<0.001) and a reduction in lipid peroxidation (3.84±0.99 vs. 4.23±0.13 U/ml, P=0.001) in the nicorandil group but observed no change in the placebo group. ICAM-1 levels showed no change in the nicorandil group (69.54±6.89 vs. 72.01±8.25 ng/ml, P=0.83) but a significant increase in the control group after PCI in intracoronary blood (56.57±4.96 vs. 76.81±6.88 ng/ml, P=0.002). No changes were found in hs-CRP, TNFα and sVCAM-1 levels in coronary blood for both groups before and after PCI in ACS patients. Our findings demonstrate that intracoronary bolus nicorandil therapy has a significant effect on the inhibition of inflammatory indicators and oxidative stress in patients with ACS during PCI. This suggests a possible medical application of nicorandil for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Sufang Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252002, P.R. China
| | - Mei Ni
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Bai J, Wang Q, Qi J, Yu H, Wang C, Wang X, Ren Y, Yang F. Promoting effect of baicalin on nitric oxide production in CMECs via activating the PI3K-AKT-eNOS pathway attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153035. [PMID: 31377586 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Baicalin, which is isolated from Scutellariae Radix, has been shown to possess therapeutic potential for different diseases. Cardiac microvessel injury in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) has been extensively explored. However, there have been no studies investigating the physiological regulatory mechanisms of baicalin on nitric oxide production and the necroptosis of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) in myocardial IR injury. This study was designed to investigate the contribution of baicalin to repressing necroptosis and preventing IR-mediated CMEC dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Indicators of ventricular structure and function were measured by an echocardiographic system. An MTT assay was performed to assess cell viability. Nitrite detection was performed to detect nitric oxide content, and cGMP content was determined using a commercially available cGMP complete ELISA kit. Morphology and molecular characteristics were detected by electron micrographs, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. RESULT Our results demonstrated that baicalin significantly improved cardiac function, decreased the myocardial infarction area, and inhibited myocardial cell apoptosis. Moreover, baicalin had a protective effect on cardiac microvessels and promoted the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the level of cGMP in rats that underwent myocardial IR injury. The results of the in vitro experiments showed that baicalin markedly improved cell activity and function in CMECs exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR). Further experiments indicated that baicalin supplementation suppressed the protein expression of RIP1, RIP3 and p-MLKL to interrupt CMEC necroptosis. In addition, baicalin promoted the production of NO via activating the PI3K-AKT-eNOS signaling pathway. Taken together, our results identified the PI3K-AKT-eNOS axis as a new pathway responsible for reperfusion-mediated microvascular damage. CONCLUSION Baicalin protected CMECs in IR rats by promoting the release of NO via the PI3K-AKT-eNOS pathway and mitigated necroptosis by inhibiting the protein expression of RIP1, RIP3 and p-MLKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiannan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Qingchao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Jiaxin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Hongqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China
| | - Yanru Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daqing People's Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
| | - Fude Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daqing People's Hospital, 213 Jianshe Road, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China.
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Jiang L, Zeng H, Ni L, Qi L, Xu Y, Xia L, Yu Y, Liu B, Yang H, Hao H, Li P. HIF-1α Preconditioning Potentiates Antioxidant Activity in Ischemic Injury: The Role of Sequential Administration of Dihydrotanshinone I and Protocatechuic Aldehyde in Cardioprotection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:227-242. [PMID: 30799630 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The management of myocardial ischemia has been challenged by reperfusion injury. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is the critical cause of reperfusion injury, but antioxidant treatment failed to gain satisfactory effects. We hypothesized that improvement of redox homeostasis by preconditioning regulation should potentiate the ability of antioxidants to protect the heart from reperfusion injury. Results: By phenotype-based screening, we identified that dihydrotanshinone I (DT) and protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) potently protected cardiomyocytes through preconditioning regulation and antioxidant activity, respectively. DT induced transient ROS generation via reversible inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I and thereby stabilizing HIF-1α, while PCA elevated the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) by providing reducing equivalents to scavenge ROS. HIF-1α, stabilized by DT, transcriptionally upregulated Nrf2 and thereby activated antioxidant enzymes, potentiating PCA to protect cardiomyocytes from reperfusion injury by strengthening intrinsic ROS scavenging capacity. In rat ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) model, sequential administration of DT and PCA, but not in reverse, additively protected the heart from I/R injury, manifested by reduced infarct size and improved cardiac function. These results were further supported by sequential administration of metformin and vitamin E in the rat and porcine I/R models. Innovation and Conclusion: Our work demonstrates that preconditioning regulation of redox state is essential for antioxidants to protect the heart from I/R injury, providing a new direction for the treatment of myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Jiang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihong Ni
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lifengrong Qi
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanmin Xu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ludan Xia
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinghua Yu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolin Liu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiping Hao
- 2 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Li
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Pi SF, Liu YW, Li T, Wang Y, Zhou Q, Liu BJ, Peng WJ, Li X, Wang YY, Huang L. Effect of sequential nicorandil on myocardial microcirculation and short-term prognosis in acute myocardial infarction patients undergoing coronary intervention. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:744-752. [PMID: 31019762 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.02.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aims to observe the effects of the intracoronary and peripheral venous administration of nicorandil for the postoperative myocardial microcirculation and short-term prognosis of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) treatment. Methods A total of 140 STEMI patients were divided into three groups according to different patterns of administration: sequential nicorandil group, intracoronary nicorandil group and control group. The main observation indexes included coronary blood flow and myocardial perfusion immediately after PPCI, while the secondary observation indexes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) during the period of hospitalization. Results After PPCI, the difference in the proportion of patients with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade 3 among the three groups was statistically significant (P=0.036), where this proportion was higher in the sequential nicorandil group and intracoronary nicorandil group than in the control group (P=0.022 and P=0.047); The difference in corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) among the three groups was statistically significant (P=0.022), where CTFC was lower in the sequential nicorandil group and intracoronary nicorandil group than in the control group (P=0.010, P=0.031); The differences in the proportion of patients with complete ST resolution (STR) and advancing of enzyme peak time to within 12 h between each two groups were statistically significant (P<0.001), where this proportion was the highest in the sequential nicorandil group; The difference in the CK-MB peak among the three groups was statistically significant (P=0.036), where the CK-MB peak was lower in the sequential nicorandil group than in the control group (P=0.012); The difference in the incidence of MACE between each two groups was statistically significant (P<0.001), where this incidence was the lowest in the sequential nicorandil group; The differences in the proportion of patients with advancing of enzyme peak time to within 14 h and LVEF among the three groups were not statistically significant (P=0.722 and P=0.284). Conclusions Compared with intracoronary use alone, the intracoronary and peripheral intravenous use of nicorandil can better improve myocardial microcirculation and short-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Fang Pi
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Ying-Wu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Bo-Jiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Wen-Jin Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Tianjin 300170, China
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21
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Shen P, Chen J, Pan M. The protective effects of total paeony glycoside on ischemia/reperfusion injury in H9C2 cells via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3332-3340. [PMID: 30066927 PMCID: PMC6102630 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, cardiovascular disease is the global leading cause of mortality. Total paeony glycoside (TPG) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which serves a pivotal role in the cardiovascular system. In the present study, the effects and underlying mechanisms of TPG on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were investigated in vitro. Cell Counting kit-8 and flow cytometry were used to assess the viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and apoptosis of H9C2 cells. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were analyzed by commercial detection kits. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were conducted to evaluate the expression levels of various factors. The results demonstrated that the viability of H9C2 cells was not significantly altered in response to various concentrations of TPG. However, following I/R injury, TPG markedly enhanced cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, TPG decreased the rate of apoptosis and ROS levels, and reduced the activities of MDA and LDH. Conversely, TPG increased SOD and GPX activities. In addition, TPG upregulated the expression levels of pro-caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma2 (Bcl-2), whereas it downregulated cleaved-caspase-3, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, Bcl-2-associated X protein, phosphorylated (p)-phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) and p-protein kinase B (Akt) expression. Treatment with insulin-like growth factor-1 increased the apoptosis of H9C2 cells, thus suggesting that activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway reversed the protective effects of TPG. Taken together, TPG may suppress I/R-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress of H9C2 cells possibly by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; such a phenomenon may have a therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Shen
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine and General Family Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- Department of Respiration, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine and General Family Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang 317500, P.R. China
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22
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Ravindran S, Boovarahan SR, Shanmugam K, Vedarathinam RC, Kurian GA. Sodium Thiosulfate Preconditioning Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hearts Via Reduction of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2018; 31:511-524. [PMID: 28965151 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-017-6751-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sodium thiosulfate (STS) has of late been proven efficacious in models of urolithiasis and vascular calcification. However, its cardiovascular effects on ischemia reperfusion injury (IR) have not been revealed. Being an antioxidant and calcium chelator, it is assumed to play a vital role in IR as ROS production and calcium overload are major perpetrators of IR injury. METHODS The cardioprotective effect of STS was evaluated in vitro using H9C2 cardiomyocytes and in vivo using both isolated rat heart and intact left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion models of ischemia reperfusion injury. Finally, in silico tools were utilized to establish its possible mode of action. Myocardial injury markers and expression of apoptotic proteins were studied along with myocardial histopathology. RESULTS STS of 1 mM recovered H9C2 cells from glucose oxidase/catalase-induced apoptosis. The isolated rat heart treated with STS prior to IR injury improved its hemodynamics and reduced the infarct size to 9%. This was supported by the absence of derangement of cardiac fibers from H&E stained section of LAD-occluded rats. Plasma troponin levels decreased by 15% compared to IR and the myocardium showed diminished apoptotic proteins. An in silico docking analysis revealed higher binding affinity of STS for caspase-3 with a binding energy of - 60.523 kcal/mol for the complex. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of STS as a cardioprotective agent is attributed to the reduction of apoptosis by binding to the active site of caspase-3 in silico, which was substantiated by the reduced expression of caspase-3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Ravindran
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, 613401, India
| | | | - Karthi Shanmugam
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, 613401, India
| | | | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu, 613401, India.
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Morihara H, Obana M, Tanaka S, Kawakatsu I, Tsuchiyama D, Mori S, Suizu H, Ishida A, Kimura R, Tsuchimochi I, Maeda M, Yoshimitsu T, Fujio Y, Nakayama H. 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate provides an anti-oxidative effect and mediates cardioprotection during ischemia reperfusion in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189948. [PMID: 29267336 PMCID: PMC5739451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired Ca2+ homeostasis play central roles in the development of multiple cardiac pathologies, including cell death during ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. In several organs, treatment with 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) was shown to have protective effects, generally believed to be due to Ca2+ channel inhibition. However, the mechanism of 2-APB-induced cardioprotection has not been fully investigated. Herein we investigated the protective effects of 2-APB treatment against cardiac pathogenesis and deciphered the underlying mechanisms. In neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, treatment with 2-APB was shown to prevent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -induced cell death by inhibiting the increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, no 2-APB-sensitive channel blocker inhibited H2O2-induced cell death and a direct reaction between 2-APB and H2O2 was detected by 1H-NMR, suggesting that 2-APB chemically scavenges extracellular ROS and provides cytoprotection. In a mouse I/R model, treatment with 2-APB led to a considerable reduction in the infarct size after I/R, which was accompanied by the reduction in ROS levels and neutrophil infiltration, indicating that the anti-oxidative properties of 2-APB plays an important role in the prevention of I/R injury in vivo as well. Taken together, present results indicate that 2-APB treatment induces cardioprotection and prevents ROS-induced cardiomyocyte death, at least partially, by the direct scavenging of extracellular ROS. Therefore, administration of 2-APB may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ROS-related cardiac pathology including I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Morihara
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Obana
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Tanaka
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ikki Kawakatsu
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuchiyama
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shota Mori
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suizu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishida
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rumi Kimura
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izuru Tsuchimochi
- Laboratory of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makiko Maeda
- Educational and Research Unit of Pharm.D. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takehiko Yoshimitsu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Distelmaier K, Schrutka L, Seidl V, Winter MP, Wurm R, Mangold A, Perkmann T, Maurer G, Adlbrecht C, Lang IM. Pro-oxidant HDL predicts poor outcome in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2017; 114:133-8. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-10-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
SummaryOxidative stress affects clinical outcome in patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE-ACS). Although high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are generally considered protective, deleterious properties of HDL have been observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Here, we analysed the association between pro oxidant HDL and all-cause mortality in STE-ACS patients. We determined the antioxidant function of HDL in 247 prospectively enrolled patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STE-ACS. Patients were stratified as by a pro-oxidant serum HDL oxidant index (HOI 1) or with an antioxidant serum HOI (HOL< 1) capacity. Multivariate regression analysis was used to relate HOI to survival. The median follow-up time was 23 months (IQR 14.4–40.0 months). Pro-oxidant HDL was observed in 44.1 % of STE-ACS patients and was independently associated with all-cause mortality with a hazard ratio of 3.30(95 %CI 1.50–7.27, p = 0.003). Mortality rates were higher in patients with baseline pro-oxidant HDL compared to patients with preserved HDL function at 30 days (11.9 % vs 2.2 %, p=0.002), and at 4 years (22.9 % vs 8.7 %, p=0.002). Elevated neutrophil counts were a strong and independent predictor for pro-oxidant HDL with an odds ratio per standard deviation of 1.50 (95 %CI 1.11–2.03, p=0.008), as was history of prior acute myocardial infarction, elevated triglycerides levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate. In conclusion, pro-oxidant HDL represents a strong and independent predictor of long-term as well as short-term all-cause mortality in STE-ACS patients. Elevated neutrophil counts predicted the presence of serum pro-oxidant HDL. The maintenance of HDL functions might be a promising therapeutic target in STE-ACS patients.
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Wang X, Yang L, Kang L, Li J, Yang L, Zhang J, Liu J, Zhu M, Zhang Q, Shen Y, Qi Z. Metformin attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182777. [PMID: 28817623 PMCID: PMC5560646 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to examine the protective effect of metformin (Met) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and whether the mechanism was related to the AMPK/ antioxidant enzymes signaling pathway. Rat Langendorff test and H2O2-treated rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2) were used in this study. Met treatment significantly improved left ventricular (LV) function, reduced infarct size and CK-MB release in comparison with IR group. Decreased TUNEL staining positive cells were also observed in IR+Met group ex vivo. Met treatment markedly inhibited IR inducing cell death and significantly decreased apoptosis with few generations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H9c2 cells in comparison with IR group. Up-regulated expressions of phosphorylated LKB1/AMPK/ACC, as well as down-regulated expressions of apoptotic proteins (Bax and cleaved caspase 3) were found in IR+Met group when compared to the IR group. Importantly, Met significantly up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzymes (MnSOD and catalase) during IR procedure either ex vivo or in vitro. Compound C, a conventional inhibitor of AMPK, abolished the promoting effect of Met on antioxidant enzymes, and then attenuated the protective effect of Met on IR injury in vitro. In conclusion, Met exerted protective effect on myocardial IR injury, and this effect was AMPK/ antioxidant enzymes dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Licheng Kang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jincai Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanna Shen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Qi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
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Maksimenko AV. Modified enzymes for pharmaceutical purposes. Extension of the goals and objectives for consistent investigation. Russ Chem Bull 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-017-1691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huang GY, Yang LJ, Wang XH, Wang YL, Xue YZ, Yang WB. Relationship between platelet-leukocyte aggregation and myocardial perfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Heart Lung 2016; 45:429-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Cheow ESH, Cheng WC, Lee CN, de Kleijn D, Sorokin V, Sze SK. Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles Contain Predictive Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Myocardial Ischemic (MI) Injury. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2628-40. [PMID: 27234505 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.055731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) triggers a potent inflammatory response via the release of circulatory mediators, including extracellular vesicles (EVs) by damaged cardiac cells, necessary for myocardial healing. Timely repression of inflammatory response are critical to prevent and minimize cardiac tissue injuries, nonetheless, progression in this aspect remains challenging. The ability of EVs to trigger a functional response upon delivery of carried bioactive cargos, have made them clinically attractive diagnostic biomarkers and vectors for therapeutic interventions. Using label-free quantitative proteomics approach, we compared the protein cargo of plasma EVs between patients with MI and from patients with stable angina (NMI). We report, for the first time, the proteomics profiling on 252 EV proteins that were modulated with >1.2-fold after MI. We identified six up-regulated biomarkers with potential for clinical applications; these reflected post-infarct pathways of complement activation (Complement C1q subcomponent subunit A (C1QA), 3.23-fold change, p = 0.012; Complement C5 (C5), 1.27-fold change, p = 0.087), lipoprotein metabolism (Apoliporotein D (APOD), 1.86-fold change, p = 0.033; Apolipoprotein C-III (APOCC3), 2.63-fold change, p = 0.029) and platelet activation (Platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain (GP1BA), 9.18-fold change, p < 0.0001; Platelet basic protein (PPBP), 4.72-fold change, p = 0.027). The data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002950. This novel biomarker panel was validated in 43 patients using antibody-based assays (C1QA (p = 0.005); C5 (p = 0.0047), APOD (p = 0.0267); APOC3 (p = 0.0064); GP1BA (p = 0.0031); PPBP (p = 0.0465)). We further present that EV-derived fibrinogen components were paradoxically down-regulated in MI, suggesting that a compensatory mechanism may suppress post-infarct coagulation pathways, indicating potential for therapeutic targeting of this mechanism in MI. Taken together, these data demonstrated that plasma EVs contain novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets that can be further developed for clinical use to benefit patients with coronary artery diseases (CADs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Sok Hwee Cheow
- From the ‡School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551
| | - Woo Chin Cheng
- §Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore 119228
| | - Chuen Neng Lee
- §Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore 119228; ¶National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic & Vascular Surgery, Singapore 119228; ‖Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Dominique de Kleijn
- §Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore 119228; **Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands & Interuniversity Cardiovascular Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Vitaly Sorokin
- §Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Singapore 119228; ¶National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic & Vascular Surgery, Singapore 119228
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- From the ‡School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551;
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Widening and Elaboration of Consecutive Research into Therapeutic Antioxidant Enzyme Derivatives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3075695. [PMID: 27148430 PMCID: PMC4842371 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3075695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Undiminishing actuality of enzyme modification for therapeutic purposes has been confirmed by application of modified enzymes in clinical practice and numerous research data on them. Intravenous injection of the superoxide dismutase-chondroitin sulfate-catalase (SOD-CHS-CAT) conjugate in preventive and medicative regimes in rats with endotoxin shock induced with a lipopolysaccharide bolus has demonstrated that antioxidant agents not only effectively prevent damage caused by oxidative stress (as believed previously) but also can be used for antioxidative stress therapy. The results obtained emphasize the importance of investigation into the pathogenesis of vascular damage and the role of oxidative stress in it. The effects of intravenous medicative injection of SOD-CHS-CAT in a rat model of endotoxin shock have demonstrated a variety in the activity of this conjugate in addition to prevention of NO conversion in peroxynitrite upon interaction with O2∙− superoxide radical. Together with the literature data, these findings offer a prospect for the study of NO-independent therapeutic effects of SOD-CHS-CAT, implying the importance of a better insight into the mechanisms of the conjugate activity in modeled cardiovascular damage involving vasoactive agents other than NO.
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Abstract
Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Attempts at targeting reactive oxygen species by scavenging using antioxidants have, however, been clinically disappointing. This review will provide an overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in ischemia/reperfusion injury. We will outline novel therapeutic approaches designed to directly target the mitochondrial respiratory chain and prevent excessive reactive oxygen species production and its associated pathology. This approach could lead to more effective interventions in an area where there is an urgent need for new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R Pell
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (V.R.P., T.K.); Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.P.M.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (P.S.B.)
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (V.R.P., T.K.); Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.P.M.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (P.S.B.)
| | - Michael P Murphy
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (V.R.P., T.K.); Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.P.M.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (P.S.B.)
| | - Paul S Brookes
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (V.R.P., T.K.); Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.P.M.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (P.S.B.)
| | - Thomas Krieg
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (V.R.P., T.K.); Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (E.T.C.); MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom (M.P.M.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (P.S.B.).
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Cardioprotective Effects of Astragalin against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Isolated Rat Heart. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2016:8194690. [PMID: 26788251 PMCID: PMC4695676 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8194690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of astragalin against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in isolated rat heart. The cardioprotective effects of astragalin on myocardial I/R injury were investigated on Langendorff apparatus. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. The results showed that astragalin pretreatment improved myocardial function. Compared with I/R group, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activities in coronary flow decreased in astragalin pretreatment groups, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione/glutathione disulfide (GSH/GSSG) ratio significantly increased. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) decreased in astragalin-treated groups. The infarct size (IS) and apoptosis rate in hearts from astragalin-treated groups were lower than those in hearts from the I/R group. Western blot analysis also revealed that astragalin preconditioning significantly reduced Bax level, whereas Bcl-2 was increased in the myocardium. Therefore, astragalin exhibited cardioprotective effects via its antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Lycopene Protects against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Alleviating ER Stress Induced Apoptosis in Neonatal Mouse Cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136443. [PMID: 26291709 PMCID: PMC4546295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced apoptosis plays a pivotal role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-injury. Inhibiting ER stress is a major therapeutic target/strategy in treating cardiovascular diseases. Our previous studies revealed that lycopene exhibits great pharmacological potential in protecting against the I/R-injury in vitro and vivo, but whether attenuation of ER stress (and) or ER stress-induced apoptosis contributes to the effects remains unclear. In the present study, using neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes to establish an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic myocardium I/R in vivo, we aimed to explore the hypothesis that lycopene could alleviate the ER stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis in H/R-injury. We observed that lycopene alleviated the H/R injury as revealed by improving cell viability and reducing apoptosis, suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and improved the phosphorylated AMPK expression, attenuated ER stress as evidenced by decreasing the expression of GRP78, ATF6 mRNA, sXbp-1 mRNA, eIF2α mRNA and eIF2α phosphorylation, alleviated ER stress-induced apoptosis as manifested by reducing CHOP/GADD153 expression, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-12 and caspase-3 activity in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. Thapsigargin (TG) is a potent ER stress inducer and used to elicit ER stress of cardiomyocytes. Our results showed that lycopene was able to prevent TG-induced ER stress as reflected by attenuating the protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP/GADD153 compared to TG group, significantly improve TG-caused a loss of cell viability and decrease apoptosis in TG-treated cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that the protective effects of lycopene on H/R-injury are, at least in part, through alleviating ER stress and ER stress-induced apoptosis in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes.
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