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Islam MS, Nur-E-Alam M, Iqbal MA, Khan MB, Mamun SA, Miah MY, Rasheduzzaman M, Appalasamy S, Salam MA. Spatial distribution of heavy metal abundance at distance gradients of roadside agricultural soil from the busiest highway in Bangladesh: A multi-index integration approach. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 250:118551. [PMID: 38408626 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bangladesh is currently experiencing significant infrastructural development in road networking system through the construction or reconstruction of multiple roads and highways. Consequently, there is a rise in traffic intensity on roads and highways, along with a significant contamination of adjacent agricultural soils with heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecological risk, health risk and the abundance of seven heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Ni) in three distance gradients (0, 300, and 500 m) of agricultural soil along the Dhaka-Chattogram highway. The concentration of heavy metals was measured with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) on a total of 36 soil samples that were taken from 12 different sampling sites. Based on the findings, Cd had a high contamination factor for all distance gradients, whereas Cr had a moderate contamination factor in 67% of the study areas. According to the Pollution Load Index (PLI), Cd, Cr, and Pb were the predominant pollutants. Principal component analysis (PCA) result shows these metals mainly came from anthropogenic sources. The considerable positive correlations between Cu-Pb, Cu-Cd, Pb-Cd, and Cr-Ni all pointed to shared anthropogenic origins. As per Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (PERI) analysis, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni each contribute significantly and pose a moderate threat. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values for all pathways of exposure to Pb and Cr in soils were more than 1, which would pose a significant risk to human health in the following order: THQadult female > THQadult male > THQchildren. This study will help to evaluate the human health risk and develop a better understanding of the heavy metal abundance scenario in the agricultural fields adjacent to this highway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saydul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nur-E-Alam
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Anwar Iqbal
- Institute of Water and Flood Management (IWFM), Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Badiuzzaman Khan
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shamim Al Mamun
- Department of Environmental Science and Resource Management, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Yunus Miah
- Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rasheduzzaman
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - S Appalasamy
- Institute of Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture (IFSSA), Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia; Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Abdus Salam
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh.
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Sharma D, Inbaraj MP, Naz A, Chowdhury A. Fate, source apportionment and fractionation of potentially toxic elements in agricultural soil around a densely populated, semiarid urban center of India: baseline study and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:207. [PMID: 38767770 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This study is on the outskirts of the rapidly growing city of Jaipur, located in the semiarid region of India and gateway to the 'Great Indian Thar' desert, and focused on potentially toxic elements (PTE) pollution in the farmlands around the city. Concentrations of PTE, along with associated soil parameters such as pH, available nitrogen, organic carbon, phosphorus, and potassium, were estimated in agricultural soil samples near an industrial region on the outskirts of the capital city of the largest state of India. The PTE concentrations in the soil were in the following order: Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cu > Cd. Soil pollution indices, such as the geochemical accumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), and ecological risk index (ERI), indicated that the soil was moderately to highly polluted. The result of BCR extraction techniques showed Cd is found mainly in the exchangeable and residual fractions, Pb, Mn were found in the reducible as well as residual fractions, while other PTE were mostly bound to residual fraction. All other PTEs are primarily found in the residual fraction, tightly linked with the silicate lattice of soil minerals. Multivariate analysis and the Pearson correlation matrix indicate a common source apportionment for Pb and Cd. Cd, and Pb concentrations in agricultural soil indicate ecological harm that warrants immediate attention and policy-level intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India
| | - Michel Prabhu Inbaraj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Science, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India
| | - Aliya Naz
- Jindal School of Liberal Arts and Humanities, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India
| | - Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Jindal School of Environment and Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India.
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Su C, Hua Y, Liu Y, Tao S, Jia F, Zhao W, Lin W. Identification of the single and combined acute toxicity of Cr and Ni with Heterocypris sp. and the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300800. [PMID: 38512976 PMCID: PMC10957083 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mining wastewater with heavy metals poses a serious threat to the ecological environment. However, the acute single and combined ecological effects of heavy metals, such as chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni), on freshwater ostracods, and the development of relevant prediction models, remain poorly understood. In this study, Heterocypris sp. was chosen to investigate the single and combined acute toxicity of Cr and Ni. Then, the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model was used to predict the combined toxicity of Cr and Ni. The single acute toxicity experiments revealed high toxicity for both Cr and Ni. In addition, Cr exhibited greater toxicity compared to Ni, as evidenced by its lower 96-hour half-lethal concentration (LC50) of 1.07 mg/L compared to 4.7 mg/L for Ni. Furthermore, the combined acute toxicity experiments showed that the toxicity of Cr-Ni was higher than Ni but lower than Cr. Compared with the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models, the predicted results of the QSAR model were more consistent with the experimental results for the Cr-Ni combined acute toxicity. So, the high accuracy of QSAR model identified its feasibility to predict the toxicity of heavy metal pollutants in mining wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Su
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yilong Hua
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Shu Tao
- School of Mathematics and Physics, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Fei Jia
- School of Civil Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Shanxi Province Changzhi City Wuxiang County Jia Huo Township People’s Government, Changzhi, China
| | - Wangyang Lin
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Barreto MSC, Elzinga EJ, Kubicki JD, Sparks DL. A multi-scale assessment of the impact of salinity on the desorption of chromate from hematite: Sea level rise implications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133041. [PMID: 38043423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The solubility and transport of Cr(VI) is primarily controlled by adsorption-desorption reactions at the surfaces of soil minerals such as iron oxides. Environmental properties such as pH, ionic strength, and ion competition are expected to affect the mobility and fate of Cr(VI). Sea level rise (SLR), and consequent seawater intrusion, is creating a new biogeochemical soil environment at coastal margins, potentially impacting Cr(VI) retention at contaminated sites. We employed in-situ ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and DFT calculations to investigate at the molecular level the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the hematite surface and its desorption by sulfate, as a function of pH and ionic strength. We further used a batch experiment to assess Cr(VI) desorption at varying artificial seawater (ASW) concentrations. IR results demonstrate the complexity of Cr(VI) adsorption, showing a combination of monodentate inner-sphere complexation at high pH and dichromate outer-sphere (∼75%) at low pH. The Cr(VI)-complexes exhibited desorption induced by increasing pH values (58% of desorption) and sulfate competition (∼40% desorption). ASW desorbed ∼20% more Cr(VI), even at just 1% concentration. Our findings provide insight into Cr(VI)-adsorption complexation that controls the retention and remobilization of Cr(VI) on Fe-oxide minerals. The results point to an elevated risk of Cr(VI) mobilization in contaminated soils affected by SLR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evert J Elzinga
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - James D Kubicki
- Department of Earth, Environmental & Resource Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Donald L Sparks
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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Barreto MSC, Gomes FP, de Carvalho HWP, Alleoni LRF. Desorption kinetic and sequential extraction of Pb and Zn in a contaminated soil amended with phosphate, lime, biochar, and biosolids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:120793-120804. [PMID: 37940822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30643-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
The mining and metallurgical industry sector activities often release potential toxic elements (PTE) surrounding exploitation area. We evaluated the addition of phosphate and lime using the dosage of 0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1 molar ratio of PO43- and CO32- to the sum of PTE, respectively, and also, biochar and biosolids using the dosage of 2.5, 5, and 10% (m:m) to immobilize PTE in contaminated forest soil (Pb (270 mg kg-1) and Zn (858 mg kg-1)) near an abandoned mine site in Brazil. The desorption by stirred flow kinetics revealed that 15% of the total Zn and 12% Pb contents are mobile before any amendment application. Phosphate amendment decreased Pb desorption but increased Zn desorption. Biochar and biosolids immobilize high amounts of Zn and Pb because of their high cation exchange capacities and alkaline properties; however, 20% biosolid dose increased Pb desorption. X-ray absorption spectroscopy suggested Zn-kerolite as the major species in the contaminated soil, likely from mine dust. The change in Zn speciation after soil amendment addition indicated that biochar and lime kept a high proportion of Zn-Al species, whereas phosphate and biosolids led to more Zn-Fe species. Our results pointed out that lime might reduce both Pb and Zn mobilities; however, field trials are crucial to confirm the immobilization efficiency of lime and other amendments over long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Sampaio Carneiro Barreto
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, 476 Harker ISE Lab, Newark, DE, 19716, USA.
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil.
| | - Frederico Prestes Gomes
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho
- College for Sustainable Agriculture and Environmental Science, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, BenGuerir, 43150, Morocco
- Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenida Centenário, São Paulo, Piracicaba, 303, 13416-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Paulo, Piracicaba, 13418-900, Brazil
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Chowdhury A, Naz A, Maiti SK. Distribution, speciation, and bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in the grey mangroves at Indian Sundarbans, in relation to vessel movements. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 189:106042. [PMID: 37329607 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sundarban is the world's largest mangrove wetland and home of 4.6 million people (Indian part), whose principal mode of communication is motorized boats (ferries). This study shed light on the role played by ferry movement in the speciation (following the BCR three-step sequential extraction method), ecological impact and bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in plant tissues (root and lamina) of grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) found near the five ferry ghats (ports). One-way ANOVA showed variation in major soil parameters (silt, clay, organic carbon, pH, Electrical conductivity) and PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, and Pb) between sites. Sequential extraction revealed that Cd was present in the 'exchangeable' form across the sites, Pb was in the 'reducible' form, and the rest of the PTEs were majorly found in 'residual' phase. Pollution indices revealed moderate to heavy contamination and considerable potential ecological risk due to Cd. Pearson correlation statistics and concentration variations indicate a relation between Pb and ferry movement frequency in the sites. Higher bioconcentration of Pb in the roots of A. marina, indicates phytostabilization action. Translocation factor for Cd in the leaves, indicates phytoextraction by A. marina. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed a close association between vehicle movement and Hg, Pb, Silt fraction, electrical conductivity, Cr, and As. This study recommends regular pollution monitoring across Sundarbans, as the PTEs in sediment-plant matrix can impact the higher trophic levels, human health through possible biomagnification in the detritus food chain, and can adversely impact the existing conservation initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Jindal School of Environment and Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana 131001, India; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Aliya Naz
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India; Jindal School of Liberal Arts and Humanities, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
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Sultana Z, Rehman MYA, Khan HK, Malik RN. Health risk assessment associated with heavy metals through fractioned dust from coal and chromite mines in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1617-1633. [PMID: 35552963 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals exposure through dust emissions pose a health risk to workers in coal and chromite mines. The processes involved in mining are noteworthy for the generation of heavy metal-contaminated dust which causes human health implications, especially to the workers that are mainly exposed to such toxins. This study determined pollution levels in coal and chromite mines and calculated the health risk of workers being exposed to heavy metal-contaminated dust. We used fractioned dust with particle sizes < 75, 75-106, and 107-150 µm to assess the pollution levels, anthropogenic impacts, geo-accumulation index, and enrichment factor for selected coal and chromite mines. Through a probabilistic approach, Monte Carlo simulations were used to determine health risks. The findings revealed that the smallest size dust fraction (< 75 μm) contained the highest metal concentrations. Ingestion was considered a prominent exposure route contributing to health risk. In the dust fraction (< 75 μm), chromite mines exhibited the highest Cr (340.6 mg/kg) and lowest Cd (8.4 mg/kg) concentrations. In coal mines, Mn (284.9 mg/kg) and Cd (2.1 mg/kg) were measured highest and lowest, respectively. Pollution assessment revealed dust to be moderately polluted. Health risk assessment showed that Cr in chromite mines exhibited a mean HI value of 1.16E + 00 that was higher than the safe level (HI > 1) having the potential to cause significant health risk to workers. In coal mines, the estimated total HI was 6E-1. Sensitivity analysis revealed concentration and exposure time to be the most influential parameters contributing to risk. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental organizations must develop dust pollution control guidelines and mitigation measures to safeguard the health of mineworkers by limiting heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hudda Khaleeq Khan
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Lazo P, Lazo A, Hansen HK, Ortiz-Soto R, Hansen ME, Arévalo F, Gutiérrez C. Removal of Heavy Metals from Mine Tailings in Central Chile Using Solidago chilensis Meyen, Haplopappus foliosus DC, and Lycium chilense Miers ex Bertero. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2749. [PMID: 36768113 PMCID: PMC9916048 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities have been a part of the history of Chile since time immemorial, generating pollution and environmental liabilities. Due to the lack of regulation, many tailings are deposited close to rivers or/and on unstable ground, near which towns have been built, generally in locations with no budget for their treatment. This study tested three plant species from Northern and Central Chile to remove total chromium, nickel, and zinc from tailings: Solidago chilensis, Haplopappus foliosus, and Lycium chilense, which complements the few existing studies on heavy metals removal with native or endemic Chilean shrubs. The experiments were conducted ex situ, and the initial and final concentrations of metals were determined in tailings and plants to obtain the removal efficiency, translocation and bioconcentration factors. Among these species, the best performance was obtained using Solidago chilensis, achieving removal efficiencies of 24% for Cr, 19% for Ni, and 17% for Zn, showing the ability to phytostabilize chromium and the higher resistance concerning the toxicity threshold. Haplopappus foliosus and Lycium chilense presented a slight tendency to stabilize chromium. Only Solidago chilensis showed little ability to extract Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Lazo
- Instituto de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Andrea Lazo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Henrik K. Hansen
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ortiz-Soto
- Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Avenida Brasil 2162, Valparaíso 2340025, Chile
| | - Marcela E. Hansen
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Felipe Arévalo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Claudia Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
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Mathee A, Haman T, Nkosi V, Naicker N, Street R. Elevated soil and blood lead levels with increasing residential proximity to a mine tailings facility in Soweto, South Africa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158158. [PMID: 35988623 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mining has long been associated with the release of a range of toxic metals including lead, elevated levels of which have been found in land surrounding mine dumps as far afield as Spain, India, Macedonia and Nigeria. Mining has been a key pillar of economic development in South Africa for around a century and a half, and has left a legacy of major environmental contamination, with the poorest experiencing the highest burden of exposure. The current study was undertaken to ascertain the concentrations of lead in soil and in the blood of adults and children residing at increasing distances from a cluster of large tailings facilities (MTFs) in greater Johannesburg, South Africa. Through a cross-sectional survey data on household characteristics were collected through a questionnaire survey, and supplemented with samples of soil from household gardens, together with blood samples from child-adult pairs from all households included in the study. Soil lead concentrations decreased significantly (median = 35.7 mg/kg closest to the mine tailings facility (MTF) and 8.6 mg/kg at the furthest point in the study site) with increasing distance from the MTF. Blood lead levels were highest in both adults (median = 3.0 μg/dL) and children (median = 4.0 μg/dL) who lived closest (≤500 m) to the MTF, and lowest (1.4 μg/dL in adults and 2.5 μg/dL in children) in those who lived furthest away (4-5 km). The study findings point to a need for greater emphasis on the precautionary principle in environmental health and for health impact assessments to inform decisions on planning, especially with regard to the location of human settlements relative to major, polluting development initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Mathee
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, PO Box 87373, Houghton, 2041, South Africa; Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Tanya Haman
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, PO Box 87373, Houghton, 2041, South Africa.
| | - Vusumuzi Nkosi
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, PO Box 87373, Houghton, 2041, South Africa; Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa; School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Nisha Naicker
- Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Renée Street
- Environment and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Johannesburg, PO Box 87373, Houghton, 2041, South Africa; Environmental Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
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10
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Li C, Gao T, Wang X, Qu S, Yang Y, Zuo M, Wang J, Wang H, Zhou G, Liu Y. Phytoremediation Potential and Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Metallic Extraction of Suaeda glauca, Artemisia desertorum, and Atriplex canescens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16035. [PMID: 36498118 PMCID: PMC9736508 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mining activities have led to serious environmental (soil erosion, degradation of vegetation, and groundwater contamination) and human health (musculoskeletal problems, diarrheal conditions, and chronic diseases) issues at desert mining areas in northwest China. Native plant species grown naturally in desert regions show a unique tolerance to arid and semiarid conditions and are potential candidates for soil phytoremediation. Here, an ex situ experiment involving pot planting of seedlings of three native plant species (Suaeda glauca, Artemisia desertorum, and Atriplex canescens) was designed to explore their phytoremediation potential and the underlying physiological mechanism. For Zn and Cu, the three plants were all with a biological accumulation coefficient (BAC) greater than 1. For Cd, Ni, and Pb, Atriplex canescens had the highest bioaccumulation concentrations (521.52, 862.23, and 1734.59 mg/kg), with BAC values (1.06, 1.30, 1.25) greater than 1, which indicates that Atriplex canescens could be a broad-spectrum metal extraction plant. Physiological analysis (antioxidation, extracellular secretions, photosynthesis, and hydraulics) showed that the three desert plants exploited their unique strategy to protect against the stress of complex metals in soils. Moreover, the second growing period was the main heavy metal accumulation and extraction stage concomitant with highest water use efficiency (iWUE). Taken together, the three desert plants exhibited the potent heavy metal extraction ability and physiological and ecological adaptability to a harsh polluted environment in arid desert areas, providing potential resources for the bioremediation of metal-contaminated soils in an arid and semiarid desert environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
| | - Tianpeng Gao
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Xi’an Institute of Environment Sanitation Sciences, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Shipeng Qu
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- Gansu Jinchang Environmental Monitoring Center, Jinchang 737100, China
| | - Yingli Yang
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Mingbo Zuo
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Haoming Wang
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guixiang Zhou
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Yubing Liu
- Research Center of Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Engineering in Mining Area of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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Filipoiu DC, Bungau SG, Endres L, Negru PA, Bungau AF, Pasca B, Radu AF, Tarce AG, Bogdan MA, Behl T, Nechifor AC, Hassan SSU, Tit DM. Characterization of the Toxicological Impact of Heavy Metals on Human Health in Conjunction with Modern Analytical Methods. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10120716. [PMID: 36548549 PMCID: PMC9785207 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increased environmental pollution, urbanization, and a wide variety of anthropogenic activities have led to the release of toxic pollutants into the environment, including heavy metals (HMs). It has been found that increasing concentrations of HMs lead to toxicity, mineral imbalances, and serious diseases, which are occurring more and more frequently. Therefore, testing has become imperative to detect these deficiencies in a timely manner. The detection of traces of HMs, especially toxic ones, in human tissues, various biological fluids, or hair is a complex, high-precision analysis that enables early diagnosis, addressing people under constant stress or exposed to a toxic environment; the test also targets people who have died in suspicious circumstances. Tissue mineral analysis (TMA) determines the concentration of toxic minerals/metals at the intracellular level and can therefore determine correlations between measured concentrations and imbalances in the body. Framing the already-published information on the topic, this review aimed to explore the toxicity of HMs to human health, the harmful effects of their accumulation, the advantages vs. the disadvantages of choosing different biological fluids/tissues/organs necessary for the quantitative measurement of HM in the human body, as well as the choice of the optimal method, correlated with the purpose of the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Claudia Filipoiu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.G.B.); (L.E.)
| | - Laura Endres
- Department of Psycho-neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.G.B.); (L.E.)
| | - Paul Andrei Negru
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Alexa Florina Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Bianca Pasca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Alexandra Georgiana Tarce
- Medicine Program of Study, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mihaela Alexandra Bogdan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences & Technology (SoHST), University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Bidholi 248007, India
| | - Aurelia Cristina Nechifor
- Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Department, Polytechnic University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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12
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Calabró MR, Roqueiro G, Tapia R, Crespo DC, Bargiela MF, Young BJ. Chronic toxicity, bioavailability and bioaccumulation of Zn, Cu and Pb in Lactuca sativa exposed to waste from an abandoned gold mine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135855. [PMID: 35961448 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned mines with untreated waste cause environmental pollution. The complex mixture of mining waste includes high metal content, anthropogenic chemicals and sterile rocks. Adverse effects of contaminated soils have been widely assessed by the use of plants. The aim of this study was to assess the chronic toxicity of a contaminated soil by waste from an abandoned gold mine on Lactuca sativa and its relationship with the bioavailability and bioaccumulation of Zn, Cu and Pb. Soil samples were taken from the site of mining waste stacking and a reference site in La Planta (Argentina). Contamination indices were calculated and acute and chronic exposures on L. sativa were carried out. Phytotoxicity indices, morphological and biochemical parameters, and concentrations of Zn, Cu and Pb in pseudo total and bioavailable soil fractions and in plant tissue were determined. Concentration- and time-dependent toxicity effects were observed, especially on plant width, fresh aerial biomass, leaf area and percentage of plants with completely necrotic aerial biomass. High levels of Zn (1453.3 ± 220.3 μg g-1) were found in plant tissue compared to Pb (277.2 ± 18.0 μg g-1) and Cu (255.3 ± 25.6 μg g-1). Toxicological endpoints correlated with metal uptake and mining waste concentration. In addition, bioaccumulation factors correlated with mobilisable and water soluble fractions. The concentration of Pb in aerial biomass surpassed the permissible concentrations in leaf vegetables, even at the reference site, indicating that lettuce crop consumption could be risky for the local population's health. This study demonstrated a strong relationship between metal bioavailability, toxicity endpoints and bioaccumulation, contributing with novel information to future ecotoxicological risk assessments and remediation plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rosario Calabró
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMYZA). Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Química Inorgánica y Analítica. Av. San Martín 4453 (1417), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Roqueiro
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Calle 11 y Vidart, Pocito (5427), San Juan, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (5400), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Raúl Tapia
- Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Av. Libertador General San Martín 1109 (5400), San Juan, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET-CCT San Juan), Calle 11 y Vidart, Pocito (5427), San Juan, Argentina
| | - Diana Cristina Crespo
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMYZA). Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Martha Fidela Bargiela
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Química Inorgánica y Analítica. Av. San Martín 4453 (1417), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brian Jonathan Young
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMYZA). Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n (1686), Hurlingham, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Química Inorgánica y Analítica. Av. San Martín 4453 (1417), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Geochemical Speciation, Risk Assessment, and Sources Identification of Heavy Metals in Mangrove Surface Sediments from the Nanliu River Estuary of the Beibu Gulf, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To better understand heavy metal pollution and the potential ecological risk of mangrove sediments in the Nanliu River estuary, the speciation and distribution characteristics of heavy metals Fe, Mn, Zn, Co, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb in 13 surface sediments in the study area were determined and analyzed using a modified four-step BCR extraction method, and the ecological risk of heavy metals was assessed using the Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Index (RI), Risk Assessment Code (RAC), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Individual contamination factors (ICF) and Global contamination factor (GCF) methods, and source analyses were performed using correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the heavy metal was in the order of Fe > Mn > Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb > Co > Ni > Cd. Except for Fe, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Co, the average heavy metal content of Mn, Cd, and Cu all exceeded the environmental background value; the Fe, Zn, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, and Pd are mainly in the residual speciation, while Mn and Cd are mainly weak acid extraction and oxidation, respectively, both of which are predominantly in unstable speciation and are easily released into the environment. Mn and Cd pose a substantial ecological risk, while Cu and Pb present a moderate risk and require precaution. The source analysis results indicate that Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cr, and Pb are most likely to originate from natural sources and the transportation industry, Co and Cu are likely to be mainly from ship manufacturing industrial activities, and Cd is likely to be mainly from agriculture and aquaculture. The GCF and PLI results show that places with high heavy metal enrichment and ecological risk are primarily located in areas with high industrial, agricultural, or human activity impacts.
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Yoon SJ, Hong S, Lee C, Lee J, Kim T, Lee J, Kim B, Noh J, Kwon BO, Khim JS. 10 years long-term assessment on characterizing spatiotemporal trend and source apportionment of metal(loid)s in terrestrial soils along the west coast of South Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154214. [PMID: 35240181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Long-term trends in the spatial distributions and sources of metal(loid)s in soils adjacent to the west coastal areas of South Korea have been systematically investigated for 10 years (2010-2019). Monitoring in 17 sites clearly showed site- and region-specific distributions, being associated with land use type (significant differences, as road > agriculture > wild) (P < 0.05), rather than temporal variation. The great concentrations of all metal(loid)s were found near Lake Shihwa (LS) and Geum River (GG), near the road, indicating that transportation activity was the main source of metal(loid)s contamination in soil. Especially, Cd (0.5 mg kg-1), Hg (0.04 mg kg-1), Pb (65 mg kg-1), and Zn (184 mg kg-1), related to the transportation activity near the road, showed twice greater than other land use types, on average. The concentration of metal(loid)s in each site and with the same land use type did not greatly vary over the years, with no significant annual difference (P > 0.05). The degree of metal(loid)s contamination compared to the background levels was identified in the order of Pb > Zn > Cr > Cu > As>Cd > Ni > Hg, with the contaminated hotspots mostly in LS or GG. The potential ecological risk was evidenced for Cd and Hg, but such a trend was temporally irregular over the years, indicating site-specificity. The sources of metal(loid)s were carefully determined as natural (20%), fuel combustion & agricultural pollution (43%), and vehicular emissions (37%) using the Positive Matrix Factorization model. The relative contribution of each source to contamination over the last decade was found to be similar, supporting that site-dependent lesser variation in metal(loid)s contamination in the coastal areas of South Korea. Overall, the distribution of metal(loid)s in the soil near the west coastal areas over the last decade largely depended on land use activities, and contamination degree was associated with non-point sources, such as transportation and fuel combustion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Joon Yoon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Changkeun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Beomgi Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsung Noh
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Khan C, Rehman MYA, Malik RN. Metal biomonitoring using fractioned dust to investigate urinary and oxidative stress biomarkers among occupationally exposed chromite mine workers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:31164-31179. [PMID: 35006571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals has been associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) among exposed individuals in occupational and environmental settings. Dust is considered a significant contributor to airborne metal exposure, and previous data suggest that their levels in dust may vary based on its particle sizes. However, no biomonitoring study has been reported so far to address the metal-induced oxidative stress using different dust fractions, particularly in occupational settings. We designed a systematic cross-sectional study involving 110 chromite mine workers stratified into loaders (n = 28), extractors (n = 47) and operators (n = 35), and controls (n = 30) to find out the association between dust-bound metal exposure and oxidative stress using urinary creatinine-adjusted metal level as a biomarker of metal exposure. Results suggested elevated urinary levels of Cr 51.34 ± 8.6 along with Pb 34.29 ± 4.39, Cd 21.1 ± 2.6, and Ni 18.98 ± 3.01 µg/g creatinine in exposed (extractor group) workers. Correlating metal levels with oxidative stress revealed elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of 62.28 ± 5.52 nM/dl among the extractors showing high levels of lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) was also found significantly correlated (P = 0.000) with urinary toxic metal levels among exposed workers. We report the association between metal exposure and oxidative stress in exposed mining workers that may give rise to workers' susceptibility towards genetic and non-genetic health implications. The current study emphasized on the need for exposure control measures in the chromite ore mining activity areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changaiz Khan
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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16
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Assessment of the Heavy Metal Contamination of Roadside Soils Alongside Buddha Nullah, Ludhiana, (Punjab) India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031596. [PMID: 35162623 PMCID: PMC8834879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the physico-chemical characteristics and heavy metal contents in roadside soil samples collected during 2 sampling periods (September 2018 and April 2019) from 8 different roadside sites lying parallel to the Buddha Nullah, an old rivulet, flowing through Ludhiana, (Punjab) India. The contents (mg/kg) of seven metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, nickel and zinc) were estimated using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Among the metals analyzed, the contents of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb and Zn were found above the permissible limits. The results of the index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), contamination degree (Cdeg), modified contamination degree (mCdeg), the Nemerow pollution index (PI) and pollution load index (PLI) indicate a moderate to high heavy metal contamination of the analyzed soil samples. The results of the potential ecological risk factor (ERi) and potential ecological risk index (RI) indicate a low to moderate risk of heavy metals in the studied soil samples. The Pearson correlation analysis revealed that most of the variables exhibited a statistically significant correlation with one or more variables during the two samplings. Multivariate analysis demonstrates that contents of heavy metals in the study area are influenced by anthropogenic and geogenic factors.
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17
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Mary Isabella Sonali J, Kavitha R, Kumar PS, Rajagopal R, Gayathri KV, Ghfar AA, Govindaraju S. Application of a novel nanocomposite containing micro-nutrient solubilizing bacterial strains and CeO 2 nanocomposite as bio-fertilizer. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131800. [PMID: 34399258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemical fertilizers are used in modern agricultural practice to increase plant output. They possess anthropogenic compounds which are hazardous, result in poor soil quality, poor crop nutrition and pollutes the water table. Currently, food crops that lack in micro-nutrients (Zn, silicates and Se) can be enriched with micronutrients by use of fertilizers. Eco-friendly bio-fertilizers have been proved to provide a known population of microorganisms that create a mutual benefit to the plants & the rhizosphere soil. Nanomaterials are often used in plant fertilizer formulation, allowing for controlled release and targeted delivery of beneficial nanoscale components, as well as to boost plant production and reduce environmental pollutants. In the present study we identified a multipotent micronutrient solubilizing bacterium (MSB) - Pseudomonas gessardi and Pseudomonas azotoformans as a bio-fertiliser. Comparative study of the formulated MSB, with nanocomposite prepared with the soya chunks as natural carrier material and chemically synthesized cerium oxide was performed on the growth of fenugreek for its effectiveness. The SEM images of nanocomposite showed the non-uniform distribution of CeO2 in bio-inoculant with an average size of 25.24 nm. The current study deals with increase in the shoot and root length of the fenugreek plant with only 75 ppm of CeO2 in nanocomposite, thereby preventing bioaccumulation of Ce in soil. This work gives a potential use of CeO2 nanocomposite with MSB bio-inoculants which could be applied to soil deficient with the micronutrients that can enhance the crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Kavitha
- Department of Chemistry, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India.
| | - Revathy Rajagopal
- Department of Chemistry, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
| | - K Veena Gayathri
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India.
| | - Ayman A Ghfar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Molinari S, Magro M, Carbone C, Baratella D, Ugolotti J, Ianni MC, Badocco D, Canepa M, Zboril R, Vianello F, Salviulo G. Environmental implications of one-century COPRs evolution in a single industrial site: From leaching impact to sustainable remediation of Cr VI polluted groundwater. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131211. [PMID: 34153913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Stoppani factory manufactured chromium for more than one century, dumping millions of tons of Chromite Ore Processing Residues (COPRs) over decades. The massive presence of COPRs resulted in an intense CrVI leaching and consequent contamination of percolating groundwater. The site offers a unique opportunity to follow COPRs evolution from the primary roasting process to the aged Cr-bearing mineral phases. Herein, new insights on COPRs mineralogy evolution and their role in CrVI release are provided by a dry sample preparation protocol, coupled with in-depth multi-technique characterization. Besides typical COPRs mineral assemblages, highly soluble Na2CrO4 and the first evidence of crocoite (PbCrO4) in a COPR contaminated site are revealed. Selective extraction experiments confirmed a strong reactivity for Cr-bearing minerals as confirmed by concentrations as high as 375 mg L-1 of leached CrVI. The mineralogical approach was combined with a nanotechnological solution for CrVI wastewater remediation. The application of naked colloidal maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles (SAMNs) on the complex industrial wastewater, led to > 90% CrVI removal, either under acidic or in-situ conditions. The present case study of a highly polluted site, ranging from mineral characterization to wastewater remediation, highlights the use of multidisciplinary approaches to cope with complex environmental issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Molinari
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padua, via Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano Magro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Cristina Carbone
- Department for the Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DiSTAV), University of Genoa, Corso Europa 26, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
| | - Davide Baratella
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Juri Ugolotti
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Maria Carmela Ianni
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, 16132, Italy.
| | - Denis Badocco
- Department of Chemical Sciences. University of Padua, Via Francesco Marzolo 1, Padova, 35131, Italy.
| | - Marco Canepa
- Ecology Sector, Liguria Region, Via D'Annunzio 111 Genova (GE), 16121, Italy.
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Fabio Vianello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell' Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Salviulo
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padua, via Gradenigo 6, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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Human risk associated with the ingestion of artichokes grown in soils irrigated with water contaminated by potentially toxic elements, Junin, Peru. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5952-5962. [PMID: 34588912 PMCID: PMC8459158 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of water, air and soil with potentially toxic elements (PTE) compromises the supply of contaminant free food. Vegetables grown in contaminated soils can absorb and accumulate PTE at concentrations that are toxic to human health. In this context, the human risk associated with the intake of artichokes grown in soils irrigated with PTE contaminated water was assessed. 120 samples of surface soil and artichoke heads were collected and the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn and As were determined. The results showed that the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn in soil did not exceed the standards of the Ministry of Environment of Peru, but they did exceed those of Pb (125.45 mg kg-1) and As (28.70 mg kg-1). The decreasing order of mean PTE concentration in artichoke heads was Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > As, exceeding the permissible levels of FAO/WHO CODEX Alimentarius. However, the concentrations of As comply with the maximum limits of inorganic contaminants in vegetables (0.3 mg kg-1) established in the MERCOSUR regulations. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of Pb and As indicated that the ingestion of artichoke heads does not represent a health risk.
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Chowdhury A, Naz A, Maiti SK. Bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in three mangrove species and human health risk due to their ethnobotanical uses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-12566-w. [PMID: 33638081 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess probabilistic human health risk due to ethnobotanical usage of Avicennia officinalis, Porteresia coarctata and Acanthus ilicifolius. The study was conducted at the tannery outfall near Sundarban (Ramsar wetland, India) mangrove ecosystem affected by potentially toxic elements (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn). Total metal concentrations (mg kg-1) were considerably higher in the polluted rhizosphere namely, Cd (1.05-1.97), Cu (36.3-38.6), Cr (144-184), Hg (0.04-0.19), Mn (163-184), Ni (37.7-46.4), Pb (20-36.6), and Zn (97-104). Ecological risk index indicated low to moderate ecological risk in this site, whereas the ecological risk factor showed high potential ecological risk due to Cd pollution. BCR Sequential extraction of metals showed more exchangeable fraction of Cd (47-55%), Cr (9-13%), Hg (11-13%), and Pb (11-15%), at the polluted site. Mercury, though present in trace amount in sediment, showed the highest bioaccumulation in all the three plants. Among the toxic trio, Hg showed the highest bioaccumulation in A. officinalis, Cd in P. coarctata but Pb has the lowest bioaccumulation potential in all the three species. Occasional fruit consumption of A. officinalis and dermal application of leaf, bark of A. officinalis (antimicrobial), A. ilicifolius (anti-inflammatory, pain reliever when applied on wounds) indicated negligible human health risk. However, long-term consumption of P. coarctata (wild rice variety) seeds posed health risk (THQ>1) both in adults and children age groups. This study concludes that nature of ethnobotanical use and metal contamination levels of the mangrove rhizosphere can impact human health. The transfer process of potentially toxic elements from rhizosphere to plants to human body should be considered while planing pollution mitigation measures. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhiroop Chowdhury
- School of Environment & Sustainability, O.P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India.
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
| | - Aliya Naz
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Maiti
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
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21
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Naz A, Chowdhury A, Chandra R, Mishra BK. Potential human health hazard due to bioavailable heavy metal exposure via consumption of plants with ethnobotanical usage at the largest chromite mine of India. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:4213-4231. [PMID: 32495026 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Usage of native plant species for traditional medicine or nutritional supplement is a popular practice among various cultures. But consumption of plants growing on polluted soil can cause serious human health hazard due to bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals. Present study deals with the ecological and human health impact of heavy metals, in six native plant species with ethnobotanical significance growing at the largest chromite mine of India. Exchangeable, oxidizable, reducible and residual fractions of the metals in plant rhizosphere were analyzed. Only 2-6% of total Cr (270-330 mg/kg) and Ni (150-190 mg/kg) at the mining site is bioavailable. Cd showed highest bioavailability (~ 60%) in mining site posing very high ecological risk (1055-5291) followed by Ni (1297-2124) and Cr (309-1105). The heavy metals in the shoot of the targeted plants were about 0.7 to 80 times higher than the standard limit as per Indian statutory body. The total hazard quotient (THQ) by the consumption of plants growing in mining region was very high (> 1) and varied from 2.6 to 5.9 in adult and 0.6-1.3 in children, while in non-mining region the THQ of same plants indicates low risk (< 1). This study indicates THQ (adult) in the order of, Euphorbia hirta (5.9) > Calotropis procera (4.9) > Argemone mexicana (3.6) > Vernonia cinerea (3.5) > Pteridium latiusculum (3.4) > Tridax procumbens (2.6) through consumption pathway growing in mine soil. This study concludes that consumption of plants growing in heavy metal polluted soil should be avoided due to their potential health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Naz
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India
| | - Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur-Ajmer Express Way, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India.
- Jindal School of Environment & Sustainability, O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat Narela Road, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India.
| | - Rachna Chandra
- Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology (GUIDE), P.O. 83, Opp. Changleshwar Temple, Mundra Road, Bhuj-Kachchh, Gujarat, 370001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India
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22
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Adimalla N, Qian H, Nandan MJ, Hursthouse AS. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in surface soils in a typical urban region of south India: An application of health risk assessment and distribution pattern. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:111055. [PMID: 32888617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The pollution level of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in surface soils is detrimental to the ecosystem and human health. In this research, various indices such as an index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (DC), and principal component analysis (PCA) were implemented to identify and evaluate the soil PTEs pollution; and then human health risk assessment model used to establish the link between heavy metals pollution and human health in the urban region of south India. Results exhibited that the mean concentration of Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn were found to be 1.45-6.03 times greater than the geochemical background values. Cr and Cu were the most profuse PTEs measured in the soils. The pollution indices suggest that soil of the study region is mainly moderate to highly polluted. The non-carcinogenic health risk assessment proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) suggested the mean hazard indices (HIs) were below one which denotes no significant of non-carcinogenic risks to both children and adults. Furthermore, carcinogenic risk assessment results advised ~80% of cancer risk was caused by Cr contents, while other heavy metals indicate that neither children nor adults in the study region were of carcinogenic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narsimha Adimalla
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hui Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - M J Nandan
- CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, 500 007, Telangana, India
| | - Andrew S Hursthouse
- School of Computing Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
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Mahalakshmi R, Pugazhendhi A, Brindhadevi K, Ramesh N. Analysis of Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) from tannery sediments using LC–MS and their environmental risks. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Lv C, Zhang W, Ling M, Li H, Zhang G. Quantitative analysis of eco-economic benefits of reclaimed water for controlling urban dust. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2963-2973. [PMID: 32100241 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, urban air pollution, especially dust pollution, has become a global problem. The traditional method to control dust problem is to spray roads with tap water. However, this method will inevitably lead to a huge waste of water resources. Using reclaimed water instead of tap water for dust control can not only achieve the same effect of reducing dust and haze, but also save water resources. In addition, the saved tap water can be used for production and life, thereby obtaining additional benefits. In order to quantify the eco-economic benefits of sprinkling water for dust control, a quantitative method was proposed based on the emergy theory of ecological economics. It was used to calculate the cost of different water resources, the cooling and humidifying benefit, the dust control and haze reduction benefit, and the other use benefit. Taking the 2017 data of Zhengzhou as an example, the results indicated that the cost of using reclaimed water to control dust was reduced by 54%. The total benefit of using reclaimed water was about 1.30-1.80 times that of using tap water, and the net benefit was 4.65-7.17 times. Therefore, the use of reclaimed water instead of tap water for road dust control has advantages of low cost and high eco-economic benefits. The method proposed in this paper can provide quantitative basis for the popularization of using reclaimed water to dust control in cities with serious air pollution and water resource shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimei Lv
- School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuyue Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhua Ling
- School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huiqin Li
- School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjun Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
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25
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Li J, Mu Q, Du Y, Luo J, Liu Y, Li T. Growth and Photosynthetic Inhibition of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Soybean (Glycine max). BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:119-126. [PMID: 32468075 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02892-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are widely used in industries and have caused environmental problems. However, the phytotoxicity induced by CeO2 NPs lacks detailed information on phytotoxicity. In this research, the effect of CeO2 NPs on soybean plants (Glycine max) was studied. Scanning electron microscopy with the energy dispersion spectroscopy was used to characterize the NPs form in soybean. The growth of the root was increased, whereas the growth of shoot was inhibited. Besides, Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imager (CF Imager) showed that chlorophyll synthesis was inhibited: the maximum quantum yield of Photosystem II complex (PSII) (Fv/Fm) and photochemical quenching (qP) decreased. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed that the chloroplast thylakoid structure was changed, and thus reduced the energy conversion in the Calvin cycle from C5 to C3. Our work suggests that CeO2 NPs will cause growth changes as well as irreversible damage to soybean plants. Our findings will provide evidence for estimation of plant toxicity induced by CeO2 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxing Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qili Mu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yilin Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jipeng Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuankun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tingqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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