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Mishra BK, Mohanty SN, Baidyanath RR, Ali S, Abduvalieva D, Awwad FA, Ismail EAA, Gupta M. An efficient framework for obtaining the initial cluster centers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20821. [PMID: 38012340 PMCID: PMC10682192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Clustering is an important tool for data mining since it can determine key patterns without any prior supervisory information. The initial selection of cluster centers plays a key role in the ultimate effect of clustering. More often researchers adopt the random approach for this purpose in an urge to get the centers in no time for speeding up their model. However, by doing this they sacrifice the true essence of subgroup formation and in numerous occasions ends up in achieving malicious clustering. Due to this reason we were inclined towards suggesting a qualitative approach for obtaining the initial cluster centers and also focused on attaining the well-separated clusters. Our initial contributions were an alteration to the classical K-Means algorithm in an attempt to obtain the near-optimal cluster centers. Few fresh approaches were earlier suggested by us namely, far efficient K-means (FEKM), modified center K-means (MCKM) and modified FEKM using Quickhull (MFQ) which resulted in producing the factual centers leading to excellent clusters formation. K-means, which randomly selects the centers, seem to meet its convergence slightly earlier than these methods, which is the latter's only weakness. An incessant study was continued in this regard to minimize the computational efficiency of our methods and we came up with farthest leap center selection (FLCS). All these methods were thoroughly analyzed by considering the clustering effectiveness, correctness, homogeneity, completeness, complexity and their actual execution time of convergence. For this reason performance indices like Dunn's Index, Davies-Bouldin's Index, and silhouette coefficient were used, for correctness Rand measure was used, for homogeneity and completeness V-measure was used. Experimental results on versatile real world datasets, taken from UCI repository, suggested that both FEKM and FLCS obtain well-separated centers while the later converges earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Mishra
- Silicon Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Sachi Nandan Mohanty
- School of Computer Science & Engineering (SCOPE), VIT-AP University, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, 522237, India
| | - R R Baidyanath
- Silicon Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Shahid Ali
- School of Electronics Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - D Abduvalieva
- Doctor of Philosophy in Pedagogical Sciences, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Bunyodkor Avenue, 27, 100070, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fuad A Awwad
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, 11587, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A A Ismail
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, P.O. Box 71115, 11587, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Gupta
- Division of Research and Technology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
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Hati S, Ramanuj K, Basaiawmoit B, Koringa P, Desai M, Ghodasara DJ, Joshi KV, Pathan M, V S, Bhagora NJ, Savaliya FP, Mishra BK. Significance of Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Growth Performance, Haematological Traits, Serum Biochemistry, Faecal and Caeca Microbiota of Broiler Chickens. J Am Nutr Assoc 2023; 42:706-725. [PMID: 36449022 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2149634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to supplement Lactobacillus and yeast in broiler feed by replacing immunomodulators to develop antibiotic free meat and egg production by analyzing broiler performance, haematological traits, serum biochemistry, histopathology, fecal bacterial count, and metagenomic analysis of broiler ceca. METHOD Two cultures i.e. KGL4 (Limosilactobacillus fermentum MTCC 25515) and WBS2A (Saccharomyces cerevisiae GI: MG101828) were considered for the evaluation of Broiler chicken's health and growth during 42 days study without supplementing immunomodulators and commercial probiotics in poultry feeds. The 96-day-old broiler chickens were grouped into: T1 [Control: basal diet + immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic], T2 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + KGL4 (108 CFU/mL), T3 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + WBS2A (107 CFU/mL), and T4 [Basal diet without immunomodulatory factor and commercial probiotic + KGL4 + WBS2A in a 1:1 ratio] (Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) No. 365/PRS/2022). The following parameters, i.e., body weight gain, feed consumption ratio (FCR), white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin content, platelet count, cholesterol content, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), fecal counts and metagenomic analysis of broiler ceca samples, were measured. RESULTS In the study, amongst various traits, the overall performance of the group treated along with Limosilactobacillus fermentum (KGL4) showed improved results as compared to control group. Limosilactobacillus fermentum (KGL4) treated group had higher body weight gain (2583.04 ± 35.421 g), FCR (1.60 ± 0.019), WBC (235.60 ± 2.562 × 103/µL), hemoglobin content (14.10 ± 0.442 g/dl), and HDL (131.40 ± 11.400 mg/dl). The investigation did not show significant variations in the relative proportions of genus or phylum among various groups during metagenomic analysis of ceca samples. There was also an improvement in haematological traits; no evidence of necrosis in heart, intestine and liver tissues. CONCLUSIONS The present study conclude that it is safe to feed Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to broilers as feed supplements and also supports the current knowledge regarding the use of yeast and lactic acid bacteria as an effective alternative stimulant for maintaining health and growth of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrota Hati
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Krupali Ramanuj
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Bethsheba Basaiawmoit
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Chasingre, Meghalaya, India
| | - Prakash Koringa
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - Mansi Desai
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Dinesh J Ghodasara
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Kuldip V Joshi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Mohsin Pathan
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Anand, India
| | - Sreeja V
- Dairy Microbiology Department, SMC College of Dairy Science, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Nikesh J Bhagora
- Poultry Research Station, Veterinary and Dairy Science Unit, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - Fulabhai P Savaliya
- Poultry Research Station, Veterinary and Dairy Science Unit, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Chasingre, Meghalaya, India
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Saharia A, Mahato B, Mishra BK, Panda AN. Effect of Fluorine Substitution on Absorption and Emission Properties of Figure-eight-shaped [5]Helicene Dimer : A Computational Study at RI-MP2/RI-ADC(2) Level. Chemphyschem 2023:e202300006. [PMID: 36988003 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Chirality is a very important characteristic of optically active molecules and polyaromatics with helical structures, and plays a vital role in various applications in material science. In the present work, we show the effects of fluorine substitution at various positions in a figure-8-shaped [5]helicene dimer on the ground and excited state $g$-factors. Calculations for the ground and excited states are performed at the MP2 and ADC(2) levels of theory, respectively. The results reveal that fluorination has a large effect on the excited state structures. The values of the excited state dissymmetry factors for the molecules with fluorinations at both ends of the figure-8 systems are smaller than that of the parent system. On the other hand, fluorinations only in the stacked-phenyl region results in an increase in the value of |gcpl|. The perfluorinated system shows the smallest |gcpl|.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saharia
- IIT Guwahati: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Chemistry, INDIA
| | - Bishwanath Mahato
- IIT Guwahati: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Chemistry, INDIA
| | | | - Aditya N Panda
- IIT Guwahati, Chemistry, IIT Guwahati, 781039, Guwahati, INDIA
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Raizada N, Aslam M, Mishra BK, Chawla D, Madhu SV. Can Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase be a Marker of Vascular Calcification in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2023; 27:127-132. [PMID: 37292071 PMCID: PMC10245301 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_418_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme has been linked to vascular calcification. Unexplained elevations in serum ALP levels have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We assessed bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) levels in patients with T2DM who had unexplained ALP elevations and studied the association between BAP and other markers of vascular calcification. Methods Patients with T2DM who had high serum ALP in the absence of known causes of ALP elevation were studied. The control group was T2DM patients with normal ALP. We measured the serum levels of BAP along with the leptin, fetuin-A, and vitamin K2 levels. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) was also measured in both groups. Results Serum BAP levels were significantly higher in the group with high ALP when compared with the normal ALP group. A significant positive correlation was present between BAP and serum fetuin-A as well as between BAP and Vit K2 levels. There was no correlation between BAP and serum leptin. ABI was comparable between the two groups. Conclusions Patients with T2DM may have unexplained elevation in ALP due to an increase in BAP. Elevation in BAP may be associated with other markers of vascular calcification suggesting an increased risk of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Raizada
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - BK Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Diwesh Chawla
- Central Research Laboratory, Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - SV Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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Chopada K, Basaiawmoit B, Sakure AA, Maurya R, Bishnoi M, Kondepudi KK, Solanki D, Singh BP, Padhi S, Rai AK, Liu Z, Mishra BK, Hati S. Purification and Characterization of Novel Antihypertensive and Antioxidative Peptides From Whey Protein Fermentate: In Vitro, In Silico, and Molecular Interactions Studies. J Am Nutr Assoc 2022:1-20. [PMID: 36416542 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2110966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this research was to purify and characterize the novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory and antioxidant peptides from fermented whey protein concentrate produced by Lactobacillus paracasei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a co-fermentation system. METHOD Whey protein fermented with lactic acid bacteria and yeast culture was analyzed for antioxidative, ACE inhibition, as well as anti-inflammatory activity followed by SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing, and 2-dimensional (2D) analysis. Anti-inflammatory activity of whey protein fermentate was also studied on the RAW 264.7 cell line. The bioactive peptides were separated from the whey protein fermentate using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and reverse-phase liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (RPLC/MS), and thus identification and characterization of purified bioactive peptide was performed. RESULTS Whey protein fermentate samples' bioactivity was analyzed at specific time intervals at 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours at 37 °C for M11 and at 25 °C for WBS2A. The development settings (incubation time [12, 24, 36, and 48 hours) and inoculation rates [1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%]) were optimized for peptide synthesis via the o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method (proteolytic activity). Maximum proteolytic activity was observed at 37 °C for M11 (6.50 mg/mL) and at 25 °C for WBS2A (8.59 mg/mL) for 48 hours of incubation. Protein profiling was carried out using SDS-PAGE and 2D gel electrophoresis, in which Sodium dodecyl-sulfate (SDS) exhibited protein bands in the 10- to 55-kDa range, while 2D showed protein bands varying from 10 to 70 kDa. Every spot from 2D was digested by trypsin and identified by RPLC/MS. Protein fractionations (3- and 10-kDa permeates) were carried out employing RP-HPLC. Whey protein fermentate has anti-inflammatory action in RAW 264.7 macrophages that have been exposed to lipopolysaccharide. A molecular docking system was also used to investigate the interactions of peptides (AFLDSRTR, ILGAFIQIITFR) with human myeloperoxidase enzyme. CONCLUSIONS The antihypertensive and antioxidative peptides discovered from whey protein fermentate may be helpful in the design of pharmacologically active healthy ingredients in the upcoming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keval Chopada
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science, Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bethsheba Basaiawmoit
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Tura, Meghalaya, India
| | - Amar A Sakure
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Ruchika Maurya
- Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City, Punjab, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City, Punjab, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Healthy Gut Research Group, Food & Nutritional Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City, Punjab, India
| | - Divyang Solanki
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - B P Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, Haryana, India
| | - Srichandan Padhi
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Regional Centre, Tadong, Sikkim, India
| | - Amit Kumar Rai
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Regional Centre, Tadong, Sikkim, India
| | - Zhenbin Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production, North-Eastern Hill University, Tura, Meghalaya, India
| | - Subrota Hati
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science, Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Kala S, Jawle CKD, Sogan N, Agarwal A, Kant K, Mishra BK, Kumar J. Analogous foliar uptake and leaf-to-root translocation of micelle nanoparticles in two dicot plants of diverse families. NanoImpact 2022; 28:100431. [PMID: 36206944 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bio-inspired nanoparticles, including metallic, micelles, and polymeric, have been explored as a novel tool in the quest for effective and safe agrochemicals. Although nanoparticles (NPs) are being rapidly investigated for their usefulness in agricultural production and protection, little is known about the behaviour and interaction of oil-in-water micelle nanoparticles or nano-micelles (NM) with plants. We loaded a bio-based resin inherent of tree from the Pinaceae family as active material and produced stable nano-micelles using a natural emulsifier system. Here, we show that foliar-applied nano-micelle can translocate in two dicot plants belonging to diverse families (Coriandrum sativum -Apiaceae and Trigonella foenumgraecum -Fabaceae) via similar mode. Fluorescent-tagged NM (average diameter 11.20nm) showed strong signals and higher intensities as revealed by confocal imaging and exhibited significant adhesion in leaf compared to control. The NM subsequently translocates to other parts of the plants. As observed by SEM, the leaf surface anatomies revealed higher stomata densities and uptake of NM by guard cells; furthermore, larger extracellular spaces in mesophyll cells indicate a possible route of NM translocation. In addition, NM demonstrated improved wetting-spreading as illustrated by contact angle measurement. In a field bioassay, a single spray application of NM offered protection from aphid infestation for at least 9 days. There were no signs of phytotoxicity in plants post-application of NM. We conclude that pine resin-based nano-micelle provides an efficient, safe, and sustainable alternative for agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Kala
- Formulation Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT), Gurugram 122016, Haryana, India.
| | - Chetan K D Jawle
- Formulation Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT), Gurugram 122016, Haryana, India
| | - Nisha Sogan
- Deapartment of Botany, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Kalkaji, New Delhi 110019, India
| | - Amrish Agarwal
- Formulation Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT), Gurugram 122016, Haryana, India
| | - Krishna Kant
- National Research Center for Seed Spice Research, Ajmer 305206, India
| | - B K Mishra
- National Research Center for Seed Spice Research, Ajmer 305206, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Formulation Division, Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology (IPFT), Gurugram 122016, Haryana, India
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Saroj A, Venkatnarayan R, Mishra BK, Panda AN, Narayanasami S. Improved Estimates of Host‐Guest Interaction Energies for Endohedral Fullerenes Containing Rare Gas Atoms, Small Molecules, and Cations. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200413. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arti Saroj
- IIT BHU: Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi Chemistry 221005 Varanasi INDIA
| | | | | | - Aditya N. Panda
- IIT Guwahati: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Chemistry 781039 INDIA
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Sonal S, Acharya S, Mishra BK. Mesoporous carbon structure impregnated with 2D engineered zirconium: A sustainable adsorbent for the removal of dyes from the aqueous solution. J Environ Manage 2022; 314:115009. [PMID: 35421720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The key designing of new breeds of the adsorbents aimed to improve the physical, chemical and textural morphology along with surface functionalization, selectivity toward the contaminants, and regenerations efficiency. In this aspect, two adsorbents named wet oxidative and ultrasonicated zirconium impregnated composite, have been synthesized through two routes, i.e., wet oxidation and ultrasonication. In wet oxidation method, carbon-based materials are oxidized using an oxidant followed by impregnation, while in ultrasonication assisted route, the impregnation is carried out using acoustic phenomenon. The characterization study revealed that the wet oxidation process is more competent in impregnating zirconium and developing diverse porosity and functionalities. The maximum adsorption capacity of wet oxidative adsorbent was 812 mg/g for Reactive Blue 19 and 203.18 mg/g for Methylene Blue, that accentuated the efficiency of the adsorbent over raw activated carbon. The electrostatic interaction, hydrogen-bonding and ligand exchange phenomenon are the involved adsorption mechanism for dyes. The regeneration study finally asserts that the wet oxidative adsorbent shows an insignificant decrease in its capacity up to the 5th-cycle (i.e., 87.67% removal at 5th cycle) as compared to raw AC (46.71% removal at 5th cycle). Further, a continuous fixed-bed column study revealed a significant correlation between experimental breakthrough data and kinetic data. Thus, the developed adsorbent has a sedulous adsorption capacity to remove the most stubborn toxic dyes and can be used in industrial-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonalika Sonal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India
| | - Sourav Acharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India.
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Singh A, Mishra BK. Solar light-driven photocatalysis using BaFe 2O 4/rGO for chlorhexidine digluconate-contaminated water: comparison with artificial UV and visible light-mediated photocatalysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:30739-30753. [PMID: 34993796 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and characterization of dual functioning material is an effective approach for the promotion of organic pollutant degradation through adsorption as well as photocatalysis. Herein, graphene oxide was modified by the addition of barium nitrate and iron to construct a smooth sheet-like structure (BaFe2O4/rGO) for the removal of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHD). Compared with GO (75.69%-UV light; 88.17%-visible light), BaFe2O4/rGO showed significant adsorption-photocatalysis effect under visible light (93.95%) than that under UV light (78.17%). The introduction of barium nitrate and iron into graphene oxide leads to a smooth porous structure with increased surface area (93.66 m2 g-1), which resulted in a large number of adsorption active sites and great photocatalytic activity with efficient charge separation. Although catalysts did not mineralize CHD completely, but the parent compound mineralized to some extent, which was confirmed by the TOC measurement and UV254 absorbance variation. In addition, toxicity of degraded products was analysed by bacterial susceptibility test on Bacillus cereus DPAML065, suggesting that nontoxic by-products of CHD were formed, which leads to their safe disposal. Based on the identified transformed products, the possible degradation pathway was proposed. Batch studies demonstrated that BaFe2O4/rGO is highly photoactive based on reaction rate constant (R2 = 0.984), where the kinetics data were well-fitted using the pseudo-first order. Moreover, efficiency of catalysts was examined under solar light to achieve the sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astha Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines), Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines), Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad-826004, India.
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Kesari S, Mishra BK, Panda AN. Excited states in RED/near infrared region TADF molecules: TDDFT vs ADC(2). Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dubey CS, Usham AL, Mishra BK, Shukla DP, Singh PK, Singh AK. Anthropogenic arsenic menace in contaminated water near thermal power plants and coal mining areas of India. Environ Geochem Health 2022; 44:1099-1127. [PMID: 34173907 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coal mining and coal combustion in thermal power plants (TPPs) are the major anthropogenic sources of arsenic (As) contamination in many different industrial regions. In this study of industrial regions of West Bengal and Singrauli, it is observed that there is an anthropogenic contribution to the contamination from As-bearing coal. Up to 14.53 mg/kg of As is obtained in coal of West Bengal which also has very high average Fe concentration (16,095 mg/kg) along with high concentration of Cu, Mn and Hg. Similar observations are also found in Singrauli Industrial Region where 3.14 mg/kg of As with very high concentration of Fe 43,867 mg/kg along with high Cu, Mn and Hg concentration is found in coal samples. This low-grade bituminous coal contains arsenopyrite as observed by SEM-EDX. Arsenopyrite is converted to arsenolite upon combustion in these TPPs as observed in XRD. The fly ash has average As concentration of 1.53 mg/kg for West Bengal and 2.38 mg/kg for Singrauli Industrial Region and high concentration of toxic elements. The soil near these TPPs and mining areas is enriched in As, Fe, Hg, Cu and Mn. Not only As but high concentrations of Fe, Hg, Mn are also observed from analysis of water which relates to the anthropogenic inputs. The dissolution of arsenolite in reducing environments caused by periodic flooding releases As into water. Hence, the As contamination in the study area also has anthropogenic origin from coal consumption in TPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Dubey
- Faculty of Science, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha, 754006, India
| | - A L Usham
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826015, India.
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Mining, AKS University, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, 485001, India
| | - D P Shukla
- School of Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, HP, 175001, India
| | - P K Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826015, India
| | - A K Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826015, India
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Madhu SV, Mishra BK, Mannar V, Aslam M, Banerjee B, Agrawal V. TCF7L2 gene associated postprandial triglyceride dysmetabolism- a novel mechanism for diabetes risk among Asian Indians. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:973718. [PMID: 36263318 PMCID: PMC9573951 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.973718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM TCF7L2 gene is believed to increase the risk of T2DM by its effects on insulin secretion. However, the exact mechanism of this enhanced risk is not clearly known. While TCF7L2 gene has been shown to affect lipid metabolism, these effects have remained largely unexplored in the context of diabetes risk. METHODS Postprandial lipid responses to a standardized fat challenge test were performed in 620 Asian Indian subjects (310 with NGT and 310 with T2DM/prediabetes) and compared between the risk and wild genotypes of the rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene. In 30 subjects scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery (10 each with NGT, Prediabetes and T2DM), adipocyte TCF7L2 gene expression was also performed by real time qPCR and confirmed by protein expression in western blot. RESULTS T allele of rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene was confirmed as the risk allele for T2DM (OR=1.8(1.2-2.74), p=0.005). TT+CT genotypes of rs7903146 TCF7L2 gene showed significantly higher 4hrTg (p<0.01), TgAUC (p<0.01), peakTg (p<0.01) as well as higher postprandial plasma glucose (p=.006) levels and HOMA-IR (p=0.03) and significantly lower adiponectin levels (p=0.02) as compared to CC genotype. The expression of TCF7L2 gene in VAT was 11-fold higher in prediabetes group as compared to NGT (P<0.01) and 5.7-fold higher in T2DM group as compared to NGT group(P=0.003) and was significantly associated with PPTg and glucose levels. CONCLUSION There is significant PPTg dysmetabolism associated with the risk allele of rs7903146 polymorphism as well as adipocyte expression of TCF7L2 gene. Significant upregulation of TCF7L2 gene expression in VAT that correlates with PPTg and glycaemia is also seen in Asian Indians with glucose intolerance. Modulation of PPTg metabolism by TCF7L2 gene and the resultant PPHTg may be a novel mechanism that contributes to its diabetes risk in them.
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Mishra BK, Madhu SV, Aslam M, Agarwal V, Banerjee BD. Adipose tissue expression of UCP1 and PRDM16 genes and their association with postprandial triglyceride metabolism and glucose intolerance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 182:109115. [PMID: 34718051 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS UCP1 and PRDM16 genes, primarily involved in browning of adipose tissue that can affect lipid metabolism are also associated with diabetes risk. Therefore, we planned to study the adipose tissue expression of UCP1 and PRDM 16 genes in subjects with glucose intolerance to find out its association with postprandial triglyceride (PPTg) measures and T2DM. METHODS A total of 30 subjects were recruited in three groups i.e., NGT, prediabetes and T2DM (NDDM + known T2DM) who were matched for age, sex and BMI. An 8-hour standardized fat challenge test was performed to study lipemic responses. UCP1 and PRDM16 genes quantification in adipose tissue was performed by real-time PCR followed by SDS PAGE. RESULTS UCP1 gene expression in SAT was significantly lower in T2DM and prediabetes as compared to NGT group while PRDM16 gene expression was significantly lower in T2DM group as compared to NGT group. UCP1 gene expression correlated with PPTg measures as well as with glycaemic measures while PRDM16 gene expression correlated with glycaemic measures only. CONCLUSION This study found downregulation of PRDM16 and UCP1 gene expression in SAT in subjects with glucose intolerance. The association of UCP1 gene expression with PPTg dysmetabolism may contribute to greater predisposition to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, India
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, India.
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, India
| | - V Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, India
| | - B D Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, India
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Choudhary S, Mishra BK, Singh R, Sharma R. Bacterial diversity and bio-chemical properties in the rhizosphere soils of Cumin and Coriander. Trop Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-021-00155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Singh H, Kumar N, Mishra BK. Understanding the by-product formation potential during phenol oxidation from in-situ electro-generated radicals by microalgae harvesting. Environ Technol 2021; 42:3533-3545. [PMID: 32085687 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1733675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced oxidation processes have gained colossal attention owing to the prospect of accessible mineralization, but by-product formation and its toxicity evaluation are still inconclusive. The present study demonstrated the performance of electrochemical oxidation process supported with graphite electrodes for the oxidation of phenol from modulated coke oven wastewater. The results suggested that the hydrogen peroxide along with the in-situ synthesized oxidizing agents has the ability to increase the phenol mineralization 1.5 times and by-product toxicity potential on microalgae, Scenedesmus sp. CBIIT(ISM) also revealed that chlorophyll-a synthesis has increased after the electro-oxidation process in coke oven wastewater. The experimental results for phenol mineralization and by-product formation were validated using a mass spectrophotometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariraj Singh
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India
| | - Niwas Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India
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Raghav A, Tripathi P, Mishra BK, Jeong GB, Banday S, Gautam KA, Mateen QN, Singh P, Singh M, Singla A, Ahmad J. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Tailored Exosomes Treat Bacteria-Associated Diabetes Foot Ulcers: A Customized Approach From Bench to Bed. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:712588. [PMID: 34385994 PMCID: PMC8354005 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.712588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-vesicles of endosomal origin inherited with characteristics of drug delivery and cargo loading. Exosomes offer a diverse range of opportunities that can be exploited in the treatment of various diseases post-functionalization. This membrane engineering is recently being used in the management of bacteria-associated diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is among the most crippling disease of society with a large share of its imposing economic burden. DM in a chronic state is associated with the development of micro- and macrovascular complications. DFU is among the diabetic microvascular complications with the consequent occurrence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-derived exosomes post-tailoring hold promise to accelerate the diabetic wound repair in DFU associated with bacterial inhabitant. These exosomes promote the antibacterial properties with regenerative activity by loading bioactive molecules like growth factors, nucleic acids, and proteins, and non-bioactive substances like antibiotics. Functionalization of MSC-derived exosomes is mediated by various physical, chemical, and biological processes that effectively load the desired cargo into the exosomes for targeted delivery at specific bacterial DFUs and wound. The present study focused on the application of the cargo-loaded exosomes in the treatment of DFU and also emphasizes the different approaches for loading the desired cargo/drug inside exosomes. However, more studies and clinical trials are needed in the domain to explore this membrane engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Raghav
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, MoHFW, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | | | | | - Goo-Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Shahid Banday
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Kirti Amresh Gautam
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, MoHFW, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | - Qazi Noorul Mateen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Prem Singh
- Department of Medicine, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | - Manish Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, India
| | - Akhil Singla
- Department of Medicine, Maharishi Markandeshwar College and Hospital, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, India
| | - Jamal Ahmad
- Faculty of Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, JN Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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17
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Tyagi S, Mishra BK, Sharma T, Tawar N, Urfi AJ, Banerjee BD, Madhu SV. Level of Organochlorine Pesticide in Prediabetic and Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Varying Degree of Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance among North Indian Population. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:558-568. [PMID: 33440917 PMCID: PMC8369217 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) exposure may induce an endocrine disruption which may lead to the risk of developing diabetes through alteration and disturbance of glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and destruction of β-cells. The present study determines the recent trend of OCPs residue in blood samples and their association with the known risk factors responsible for developing the risk of diabetes among the North Indian population. METHODS Blood sample of 300 patients (100 each of normal glucose tolerance [NGT], prediabetes and newly detected diabetes mellitus [DM]) between the age group of 30 to 70 years were collected. OCPs residue in whole blood samples was analyzed by using gas chromatography equipped with a 63Ni selective electron capture detector. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dieldrin, and p,p'-dichloro-diphenyl-dichloroethylene (DDE) were found in the prediabetes and newly detected DM groups as compared to NGT group. Insulin resistance showed to be significantly positive correlation with β-HCH and dieldrin. Also, fasting and postprandial glucose levels were significantly positively correlated with levels of β-HCH, dieldrin, and p,p'-DDE. Further, when OCPs level was adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), it was found that β-HCH, dieldrin, and p,p'-DDE levels in blood increases the risk of diabetes by 2.70, 2.83, and 2.55 times respectively. Moreover, when we adjust OCPs level based on BMI categories (BMI <23, ≥23, and ≤25, and >25 kg/m2); β-HCH and p,p'-DDE showed a significant risk of developing newly detected DM with BMI >25 and ≥23 and ≤25 kg/m2. CONCLUSION The OCPs level present in the environment may be responsible for biological, metabolic, and endocrine disruptions within the human body which may increase the risk of developing newly detected DM. Hence, OCPs exposure can play a crucial role in the etiology of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Neha Tawar
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Jamil Urfi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Corresponding author: Basu Dev Banerjee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8348-3989 Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India E mail:
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Singh H, Sonal S, Mishra BK. Understanding the toxicity effect and mineralization efficiency of in-situ electrogenerated chlorine dioxide for the treatment of priority pollutants of coking wastewater. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 211:111907. [PMID: 33453637 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of phenol, cyanide and aniline have been analyzed by the enhanced electro-oxidation process in which sodium chlorite was used as an electrolyte and results were validated using statistical tool based on Box-Behnken design. The mineralization efficiency of 78.4%, and 98.18% were predicted at optimized variables condition for phenol, and aniline respectively, whereas complete mineralization has been observed for the cyanide at the optimized conditions, which describes the significance of the design model approach.The process mineralizes the higher phenol concentration revealing a drastic reduction in power consumption in comparison of direct oxidation, i.e., 799.36 kWh/kg to 138.18 kWh/kg for more than 90% mineralization of phenol even at a higher current density of 13.63 mA/cm2. The kinetic modelling approach justified that higher current density has also played a role in higher mineralization of pollutants at the specific operating conditions. The by-product formation and toxicity effect on microalgae in wastewater were assessed by the full scan mass spectrometry and microalgae pigment inhibition test after the electro-oxidation of coking wastewater. The pigment growth inhibition rate of Chlorella sp. NCQ and Micractinium sp. NCS2 suggests that sodium chlorite as an electrolyte aid can also effectively used as an oxidizing agent and algal inhibiter in the coking wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariraj Singh
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
| | - Sonalika Sonal
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
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Raghav A, Khan ZA, Upadhayay VK, Tripathi P, Gautam KA, Mishra BK, Ahmad J, Jeong GB. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Exhibit Promising Potential for Treating SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients. Cells 2021; 10:587. [PMID: 33799966 PMCID: PMC8001291 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the worst global threats in the 21st century since World War II. This pandemic has led to a worldwide economic recession and crisis due to lockdown. Biomedical researchers, pharmaceutical companies, and premier institutes throughout the world are claiming that new clinical trials are in progress. During the severe phase of this disease, mechanical ventilators are used to assist in the management of outcomes; however, their use can lead to the development of pneumonia. In this context, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes can serve as an immunomodulation treatment for COVID-19 patients. Exosomes possess anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory properties that can be explored in an effort to improve the outcomes of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Currently, only one ongoing clinical trial (NCT04276987) is specifically exploring the use of MSC-derived exosomes as a therapy to treat SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia. The purpose of this review is to provide insights of using exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in management of the co-morbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2-infected persons in direction of improving their health outcome. There is limited knowledge of using exosomes in SARS-CoV-2; the clinicians and researchers should exploit exosomes as therapeutic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Raghav
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.R.); (P.T.); (K.A.G.)
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan-si 31253, Korea;
| | | | - Prashant Tripathi
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.R.); (P.T.); (K.A.G.)
| | - Kirti Amresh Gautam
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur 208002, Uttar Pradesh, India; (A.R.); (P.T.); (K.A.G.)
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, UCMS, GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India;
| | - Jamal Ahmad
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, J.N Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Goo-Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 155 Getbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Korea
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20
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Tawar N, Banerjee BD, Mishra BK, Sharma T, Tyagi S, Madhu SV, Agarwal V, Gupta S. Adipose Tissue Levels of DDT as Risk Factor for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2021; 25:160-165. [PMID: 34660245 PMCID: PMC8477732 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_198_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a potent lipophilic organochlorine pesticide, has long been linked as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its presence in the adipose tissues of the T2DM subjects has not been explored in the Indian population, where this long-banned pesticide is still in use. The present study was conducted to evaluate the possible association of DDT and its metabolites in obese and non-obese T2DM subjects. METHODS Subjects with normal glucose tolerance (n = 50) and T2DM (n = 50) were divided into equal numbers in obese and non-obese groups. Their plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, and lipid profile were measured. The adipose tissues were collected intraoperatively, and DDT and its metabolites were measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. RESULTS Obese subjects, irrespective of their glycemic status, and T2DM subjects had higher concentrations of DDT. p, p' DDT was found to increase the odds for diabetes, and o, p' DDT for central obesity. p, p' DDD was also strongly correlated with central obesity, glycemic parameters, and triglycerides. CONCLUSION The excess deposition of p, p' DDD, o, p' DDT, and p, p' DDT in obese subjects may proceed to T2DM by disrupting triglycerides and glycemic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tawar
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Tusha Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Shipra Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) and GTB Hospital (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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Aslam M, Madhu SV, Keithellakpam K, Mehndiratta M, Mishra BK, Neh V. Longterm effects of rotational night shift work on expression of circadian genes and its association with postprandial triglyceride levels - A pilot study. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:629-637. [PMID: 33602006 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1881108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of lipid metabolism in the form of high fasting as well as postprandial triglyceride levels immediately after night shift work and under simulated night shift conditions have been reported in the literature. Whether dysregulation of circadian genes in the long term is associated with abnormal triglyceride metabolism has not been previously investigated. This pilot study aimed to investigate the long-term effect of rotational night shift work on the expression of circadian genes among healthcare workers and to ascertain the association between the expression of circadian genes and postprandial triglyceride and insulin resistance parameters. The study was conducted on two groups of healthcare workers (n = 20/group). Group 1 included day shift workers who had not done night shift duty during the past one year or ever. Group 2 included healthcare workers doing rotational night shift duties (≥4 night shift duties/month). Fasting blood samples were collected at 08:00 h to study the expression of circadian genes CLOCK, NPAS2, BMAL1, CRY1, CRY2, PER1, PER2, PER3, REVERBα, and biochemical parameters after which a standardized fat challenge test was done to measure postprandial triglyceride levels. Study of Group 2 individuals was conducted after a minimum of one week after the last night shift duty. Expression of CLOCK, NPAS2, PER1, PER3, and REV-ERBα genes was higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1 subjects, and expression of BMAL1 and CRY1 genes were lower in Group 2 compared to Group 1. Several of these genes showed significant correlations with postprandial triglyceride and insulin resistance parameters in Group 2 but not in Group 1 subjects. The present study showed altered expression of several circadian genes in healthcare workers involved in rotational night shift duties associated with postprandial triglyceride and insulin resistance parameters. This study therefore suggests that long term circadian gene dysregulation could have serious metabolic consequences in individuals engaged in rotational night shift duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - K Keithellakpam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - M Mehndiratta
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - V Neh
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
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22
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Tyagi S, Siddarth M, Mishra BK, Banerjee BD, Urfi AJ, Madhu SV. High levels of organochlorine pesticides in drinking water as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes: A study in north India. Environ Pollut 2021; 271:116287. [PMID: 33388674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are well known synthetic pesticides widely used in agricultural practices and public health program. Higher toxicity, slow degradation, and bioaccumulation are the significant challenges of OCPs. Due to its uses in agricultural and public health, contamination of drinking water and water table also increases day by day. Contaminated drinking water has become a significant issue and alarming signal for public health globally. The purpose of this study was to assess the recent trend of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) level in drinking water and blood samples of the North Indian population and also to find out its association with glucose intolerance, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance, which are known risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A case-control study was conducted on 130 Non-Glucose intolerance (NGT), 130 pre-diabetes and 130 recently diagnosed T2DM subjects of the age group of 30-70 years. Patients consuming drinking water from the same source for at least ten years were included in this study for blood and water samples collection. Significantly higher levels of α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'-DDT were found in groundwater samples. However, in tap water samples, the level of α-HCH was found to be slightly higher than the permissible limit of 0.001. Among all recruited subjects consuming contaminated groundwater, 42% had T2DM, 38% pre-diabetes, and the remaining 20% were found normal. We also observed that OCP contamination in groundwater is higher than tap and filter water. The levels of β-HCH, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'-DDT were higher in the pre-diabetes and T2DM group than the NGT group. With an increase of OCPs level in groundwater, the blood OCPs level tends to increase T2DM risk. It depicts that the elevated OCPs level in consumed groundwater may contribute to increased risk for the development of T2DM after a certain period of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Tyagi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, North Campus, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Manushi Siddarth
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit and Central Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, UCMS (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, UCMS (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - Basu Dev Banerjee
- Environmental Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, UCMS (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India.
| | - Abdul Jamil Urfi
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, North Campus, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, UCMS (University of Delhi), Dilshad Garden, Delhi, 110095, India
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Gupta S, Mishra BK, Banerjee BD, Jhamb R, Aslam M, Madhu SV. Effect of postprandial triglycerides on DDT/ppDDE levels in subjects with varying degree of glucose intolerance. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105635. [PMID: 33160045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organochlorine pesticides such as DDT as well as postprandial hypertriglyceridemia have been linked with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. The cardiometabolic risk of PPhTg could also be due to its potential to increase the serum levels of this highly lipophilic pesticide. We studied the effect of postprandial triglyceride responses to a standard oral fat challenge on the levels of DDT and its metabolites in subjects with varying degree of glucose intolerance METHODS: A standard fat challenge was performed in 60 subjects who were categorized as NGT, prediabetes, and NDDM based on an earlier OGTT. Fasting and postprandial levels of serum triglycerides, plasma DDT and its metabolites were estimated and compared in the 3 groups and their association with each other, and measures of glycemia and insulin resistance were also determined. RESULTS Peak Tg and TgAUC levels were significantly higher in NDDM group as compared to NGT and PD groups. TgAUC showed positive correlation with fasting plasma glucose (r=0.33, p=0.01), postprandial plasma glucose (r=0.39, p=0.002) and HOMA IR(r=0.63, p=0.001). ppDDE levels were found to be significantly higher in NDDM subjects compared with NGT group. ppDDE-AUC was significantly higher in the NDDM group compared with the other two study groups. Mean ppDDE levels also showed strong positive correlation with peak Tg (r=0.295 p=0.022), TgAUC (r=0.303 p=0.018), iPPTgAUC(r=0.57 p≤0.001) and iPPpeakTg(r=0.51 p≤0.001) as well as with FPG (r=0.269 p=0.038) PPPG (r=0.424 p=0.001) and HbA1c (r=0.321 p=0.012). CONCLUSION The findings of this study support the concept that the cardiometabolic risk associated with PPhTg may at least in part be related to the associated increase in serum levels of lipophilic OCPs like DDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - B D Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi..
| | - R Jhamb
- Department of Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi.
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Deepa A, Singh A, Singh A, Mishra BK. An experimental approach for the utilization of tannery sludge-derived Bacillus strain for biosorptive removal of Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:9864-9876. [PMID: 33159227 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biosorption efficacy of Bacillus strain DPAML065, isolated from the tannery sludge, was appraised for the removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (VI) ions from synthetic wastewater. Effects of the process variable on biosorbent surface by variation in pH, metal Cr(VI) concentration and retention time were examined using batch experiments. The isolated Bacillus strain biosorbent was studied for its morphology and surface chemistry through FE-SEM, EDX and FTIR. It discloses that, the reduction mechanism of Cr(VI) during the process is mainly attributed to precipitation in addition to the functional groups (such as -COOH, -OH, C-O, P=O) present on the cellular matrix of Bacillus. Biochemical tests and 16s rRNA sequencing were also performed to identify the biosorbent at the genus level. A 95% Cr(VI) removal efficiency was procured by Bacillus strain DPAML065 biosorbent at pH 6, incubation period 24 h, 80 mg/L initial feed concentration and operational temperature 35 °C. Equilibrium behaviour of chromium binding follows the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.968) with an adsorption capacity of 106.38 mg/g. Kinetic modelling disseminates that biosorption of Cr(VI) ions by Bacillus strain DPAML065 obeyed pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.984) rather than the pseudo-first-order model. Concisely, the results indicate that the Bacillus strain DPAML065 is a potential, economically feasible and eco-friendly biosorbent which can be effectively used for removal of chromium (VI) from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arukula Deepa
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand,, 826004, India
| | - Astha Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand,, 826004, India
| | - Aakansha Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand,, 826004, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand,, 826004, India.
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Deepa A, Prakash P, Mishra BK. Performance of biochar-based filtration bed for the removal of Cr(VI) from pre-treated synthetic tannery wastewater. Environ Technol 2021; 42:257-269. [PMID: 31179905 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1626912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the performance of biochar-based filtration bed was assessed to enhance the removal efficiency of Cr(VI), from the pre-treated synthetic tannery wastewater. The pre-treatment of wastewater was carried out with aluminium formate (AF) as a coagulant and 80% Cr(VI) removal was observed which might be due to the formation of carboxylic complexation reaction. The purity of coagulant and the sludge components were validated with XRD analysis and the results revealed the formation of pure aluminium formate compound as well as a clear change in the crystalline structure in the treated sludge. FT-IR spectra demonstrated the carboxylic compound participated in the removal of Cr(VI) during the coagulation process. The pre-treated wastewater having 20 mg/L (residual) Cr(VI) was passed through a three-layered filtration bed containing biochar, which showed complete removal of Cr(VI) ∼ 99.99% by precipitating into bind form under the influence of CaCO3 and formate ions. The possible mechanistic approach might be due to the presence of formate ions in the pre-treated wastewater, the precipitation of Cr(VI) occurred in the form of Cr(OH)2 by the release of bicarbonate (HCO3-), carbonate ion (CO3 2-) and hydroxide (OH-) ions in the filtration bed. The properties of the biochar were investigated by XRD and FTIR analysis and the results revealed the existence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and carbonyl groups, which participated during the removal of Cr(VI). The results suggest that biochar-based filtration bed could be a promising method for the treatment of pre-treated tannery wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arukula Deepa
- Department of Environmental science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Department of Environmental science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
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Naz A, Chowdhury A, Chandra R, Mishra BK. Potential human health hazard due to bioavailable heavy metal exposure via consumption of plants with ethnobotanical usage at the largest chromite mine of India. Environ Geochem Health 2020; 42:4213-4231. [PMID: 32495026 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Usage of native plant species for traditional medicine or nutritional supplement is a popular practice among various cultures. But consumption of plants growing on polluted soil can cause serious human health hazard due to bioaccumulation of toxic heavy metals. Present study deals with the ecological and human health impact of heavy metals, in six native plant species with ethnobotanical significance growing at the largest chromite mine of India. Exchangeable, oxidizable, reducible and residual fractions of the metals in plant rhizosphere were analyzed. Only 2-6% of total Cr (270-330 mg/kg) and Ni (150-190 mg/kg) at the mining site is bioavailable. Cd showed highest bioavailability (~ 60%) in mining site posing very high ecological risk (1055-5291) followed by Ni (1297-2124) and Cr (309-1105). The heavy metals in the shoot of the targeted plants were about 0.7 to 80 times higher than the standard limit as per Indian statutory body. The total hazard quotient (THQ) by the consumption of plants growing in mining region was very high (> 1) and varied from 2.6 to 5.9 in adult and 0.6-1.3 in children, while in non-mining region the THQ of same plants indicates low risk (< 1). This study indicates THQ (adult) in the order of, Euphorbia hirta (5.9) > Calotropis procera (4.9) > Argemone mexicana (3.6) > Vernonia cinerea (3.5) > Pteridium latiusculum (3.4) > Tridax procumbens (2.6) through consumption pathway growing in mine soil. This study concludes that consumption of plants growing in heavy metal polluted soil should be avoided due to their potential health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Naz
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India
| | - Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur-Ajmer Express Way, Dehmi Kalan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India.
- Jindal School of Environment & Sustainability, O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat Narela Road, Sonipat, Haryana, 131001, India.
| | - Rachna Chandra
- Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology (GUIDE), P.O. 83, Opp. Changleshwar Temple, Mundra Road, Bhuj-Kachchh, Gujarat, 370001, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826007, India
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Aslam M, Mishra BK, Goyal S, Siddiqui AA, Madhu SV. Family history of diabetes determines the association of HOMA-IR with fasting and postprandial triglycerides in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. J Clin Lipidol 2020; 15:227-234. [PMID: 33334713 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with family history of diabetes carry nearly double the risk of diabetes than those without. However, the mechanism for this increased risk of diabetes in them is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To study fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) who had family history of diabetes and to ascertain their association with insulin resistance. METHODS Fasting triglyceride levels and HOMA-IR were compared in 671 NGT individuals with and without a family history of diabetes. A standardized fat challenge test was also done in one tenth of individuals of each group and postprandial triglyceride responses were compared between them. Association of HOMA-IR with fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels was ascertained through pearson's coefficient of correlation. RESULTS Individuals with family history of diabetes had significantly higher HOMA-IR (P < 0.001) and significantly higher postprandial triglyceride AUC (P = 0.04) after standardized fat meal despite having similar fasting triglyceride levels (P = 0.51) as those without family history of diabetes. Fasting as well as postprandial triglyceride levels significantly correlated with HOMA-IR (r = 0.35, P < 0.001 and r = 0.39, P = 0.04) only in those with a positive family history of diabetes but not in those without. Triglyceride levels mediated the associations of BMI (Δ β = -0.053) and waist circumference (Δ β = -0.075) with HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION Triglyceride levels, both in the fasting and the postprandial state are associated with insulin resistance in NGT individuals with a family history of diabetes but not in those without.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Goyal
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Azaz Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, India.
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Mohanta VL, Mishra BK. Integration of cancer and non-cancer human health risk assessment for Aniline enriched groundwater: a fuzzy inference system-based approach. Environ Geochem Health 2020; 42:3623-3639. [PMID: 32419090 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00590-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study outlines a methodological approach to evaluate the environmental risk from integrating data of Aniline in groundwater near to coal-based industries using fuzzy logic, and a comprehensive artificial intelligence approach and the results were validated using conventional risk assessment approach. The Aniline is well-known carcinogenic pollutant released from coal-based industries, so to understand the associated cancer and non-cancer risks (CR and NCR), 15 groundwater samples were analyzed for Aniline, whose concentration was found within the range 0.10-0.34 mg/L, which is up to 68 times higher than the permissible limit. The alkaline pH of water samples resulted in reduced attractive forces between the soil particles with Aniline, and thereby increased percolation of Aniline into the groundwater. Women were at least risk in terms of Mamdani cancer risk (MCR) and Mamdani hazard index (MHI) which was observed up to 1.04E-04 and 3.04, respectively, while maximum MCR and MHI were observed in case of children, i.e., 1.21-E04 and 3.26, respectively. The newly proposed fuzzy inference rule-based Mamdani combined index (MCI) depicts the combined effect of both CR and NCR and was found to be highly correlated with each other. The detailed comparison analysis exhibited that the fuzzy inference rule-based MCI has better resolving ability to find out priority risk prediction over conventional methods under efficient parameter uncertainty control. Hence, it can be concluded that the fuzzy analyses can reflect human considerations and expertise in indices, empowering them to manage nonlinear, questionable, uncertain and subjective data. Therefore, this tool can predict the more meaningful risk estimation of any pollutants on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Laxmi Mohanta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, India.
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Andersson CD, Mishra BK, Forsgren N, Ekström F, Linusson A. Physical Mechanisms Governing Substituent Effects on Arene-Arene Interactions in a Protein Milieu. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:6529-6539. [PMID: 32610016 PMCID: PMC7467712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c03778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Arene-arene interactions play important roles in protein-ligand complex formation. Here, we investigate the characteristics of arene-arene interactions between small organic molecules and aromatic amino acids in protein interiors. The study is based on X-ray crystallographic data and quantum mechanical calculations using the enzyme acetylcholinesterase and selected inhibitory ligands as a model system. It is shown that the arene substituents of the inhibitors dictate the strength of the interaction and the geometry of the resulting complexes. Importantly, the calculated interaction energies correlate well with the measured inhibitor potency. Non-hydrogen substituents strengthened all interaction types in the protein milieu, in keeping with results for benzene dimer model systems. The interaction energies were dispersion-dominated, but substituents that induced local dipole moments increased the electrostatic contribution and thus yielded more strongly bound complexes. These findings provide fundamental insights into the physical mechanisms governing arene-arene interactions in the protein milieu and thus into molecular recognition between proteins and small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- International
Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka 560003, India
| | - Nina Forsgren
- CBRN
Defense and Security, Swedish Defense Research
Agency, SE-90621 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Ekström
- CBRN
Defense and Security, Swedish Defense Research
Agency, SE-90621 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anna Linusson
- Department
of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden
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Mishra BK, Banerjee BD, Agrawal V, Madhu SV. Association of PPARγ gene expression with postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine 2020; 68:549-556. [PMID: 32180115 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02257-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) gene is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as postprandial lipemia, and plays an important role in Wnt dependent adipogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). We aimed to study the expression of PPARγ gene in SAT and VAT to find out its correlation with postprandial hypertriglyceredemia and glucose intolerance. METHODS Thirty subjects who were scheduled to undergo abdominal surgery were recruited in three groups (n = 10 in NGT, n = 10 in prediabetes, and n = 10 in T2DM). A standardized oral fat challenge was performed. Anthropometry, plasma glucose, HbA1c, and fasting serum insulin were also measured. SAT and VATs were collected during surgery for PPARγ gene expression studies by real-time PCR. RESULTS PPARγ gene expression was 5.5-fold lower in T2DM and 1.7-fold lower in prediabetes as compared with NGT subjects in VAT. There was a significant negative correlation of expression of PPARγ gene in VAT {Tgauc (r = -0.57, p < 0.007), Peak Tg (r = -0.51, p < 0.01)} as well as in subcutaneous adipose tissue {Tgauc (r = -0.45, p < 0.02)} with PPTg responses measures. CONCLUSION Reduced adipocyte expression of PPARγ gene and the resultant postprandial hypertriglyceredemia is associated with greater risk of diabetes and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - B D Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - V Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Kumar A, Mallick S, Mishra BK, Kumar P. Effect of ammonia and formic acid on the CH 3O˙ + O 2 reaction: a quantum chemical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:2405-2413. [PMID: 31939476 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04612g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the catalytic effect of ammonia and formic acid on the CH3O˙ + O2 reaction has been investigated employing the MN15L density functional. The investigations suggest that, in the presence of ammonia, the reaction can proceed through two different pathways, namely a single hydrogen atom transfer and a double hydrogen atom transfer path, but due to the high energy barrier associated with the double hydrogen atom transfer channel, it prefers the single hydrogen atom transfer channel. On the other hand, in the case of formic acid, only the single hydrogen atom transfer path is found to be feasible. Interestingly, it has been found that, in the presence of ammonia and formic acid, the reaction becomes a barrierless reaction. The calculated rate constant values at various temperatures indicate an anti-Arrhenius behavior for both the ammonia and formic acid catalyzed channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
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Mishra BK, Roy S, Mandal T, Das S, Srinivas S, Agarwal A, Gupta A, Singh A, Singh A, Kuraparthy S, Kapoor A, Ghosh R. Demography and pattern of care of patients with head-and-neck carcinoma: Experience from a tertiary care center in North India. Cancer Res Stat Treat 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/crst.crst_286_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Sonal S, Prakash P, Mishra BK, Nayak GC. Synthesis, characterization and sorption studies of a zirconium(iv) impregnated highly functionalized mesoporous activated carbons. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13783-13798. [PMID: 35493016 PMCID: PMC9051575 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10103a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a highly functionalized adsorbent material for the removal of persistent anionic reactive dye. The modification process was commenced via a wet oxidation method by using zirconium salt as an impregnating material. The process led to an increase in the overall porosity, thermal stability and its oxidative functionality. The newly synthesised material was named ZrAC. The morphological and textural images revealed the irregular and eroded structures with an increase in porosity of the modified adsorbent. The results of chemical and spectral analysis disclosed that the material had successfully gained the oxidative functionality over the surface that will favour the removal of anionic dye. Equilibrium isotherms and adsorption kinetics studies insinuate that the overall process of adsorption follows the Sips isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic model, respectively. The monolayer adsorption capacity of ZrAC was found to be superior (506 mg g−1) to AC at 500 mg L−1 concentration of persistent reactive dye. Moreover, the desorption capabilities of ZrAC were found to be more prominent, which finally affirms its potential use in a continuous flow system as a reusable adsorbent. Additionally, the stability of zirconium, corroborated from ICP-MS and XPS data, revealed the stability of zirconium after adsorption cycles thus verified its reusability. Thus, the characterization and experimental results of ZrAC strongly advocated its potential as a future adsorbent for removal of reactive dyes. The present work focuses to develop a varied meso-microporous sorbent by using Zr(iv) as an impregnated metal. The modification develops the oxidative functionalities and porosity of the sorbent that enhances its efficiency for the removal of RB19.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonalika Sonal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - G. C. Nayak
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
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Sarkar S, Singh IV, Mishra BK, Shedbale AS, Poh LH. Source codes and simulation data for the finite element implementation of the conventional and localizing gradient damage methods in ABAQUS. Data Brief 2019; 26:104533. [PMID: 31667295 PMCID: PMC6812118 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This data article presents the source codes and obtained simulation data for running numerical fracture simulation in the commercial finite element package, ABAQUS. The computational models implemented through these source codes pertain to the conventional and localizing gradient damage method which are used for the modelling of the fracture phenomena in the components and structures. For a detailed description refer to "A comparative study and ABAQUS Implementation of Conventional and Localizing Gradient Enhanced Damage Models [1]". The implementation is carried out using a feature in the ABAQUS software called the user defined subroutines. The subroutines are a set of coded files which are used to implement any newly developed computational models depicting actual physical phenomena which are not already available in any commercial software. The user subroutines used in this implementations are UEL and UMAT. The present implementation is very user friendly in the sense that the user needs to just type a couple of commands in the ABAQUS command application to run the simulations. Moreover, the ability of the ABAQUS to run large scale simulations using a very sparse amount of computational resources enables researchers and engineers with limited resources to take advantage of a very advanced computational fracture simulation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrato Sarkar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - I V Singh
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - A S Shedbale
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, E1A-07-03, 117576, Singapore
| | - L H Poh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, E1A-07-03, 117576, Singapore
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Remya PR, Mishra BK, Ramachandran C, Sathyamurthy N. Effect of confinement on structure, energy and vibrational spectra of (HF) , n = 1–4. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.136670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory have been used to study the effect of a single water molecule on the CH3O˙ + O2 → CH2O + HO2˙ reaction. The investigation suggests that in the presence of water the reaction barrier reduces from 3.01 kcal mol-1 to -1.86 kcal mol-1. Consequently, when we consider the bimolecular rate constants for the water catalyzed channel, they were found to be 104 to 105 times higher than that of the uncatalyzed reaction. Interestingly, the Arrhenius plot indicates a negative temperature dependency of the catalyzed channel (anti-Arrhenius behavior); as a result of this the domination of the catalyzed channel over the bare reaction increases with the lowering of the temperature. But the effective bimolecular rate constant values for the catalyzed channel were found to be approximately four orders of magnitude lower than that of the uncatalyzed one, which implies that the contribution of the catalyzed channels to the overall rate of the reaction is very small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasish Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore, Bangalore, 560100, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur, Jaipur, 302017, India.
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Priyamvada S, Mishra BK. Economic analysis of dairy cattle farms under town milk supply scheme in Jorhat district of Assam. IJDS 2019. [DOI: 10.33785/ijds.2019.v72i03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kiranmala K, Aslam M, Mishra BK, Jhamb R, Madhu SV. Association of postprandial triglyceride responses with insulin resistance among rotational night shift healthcare workers. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:819-825. [DOI: 10.1113/ep087514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keithellakpam Kiranmala
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre for Diabetes Endocrinology & MetabolismUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
- Department of MedicineUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre for Diabetes Endocrinology & MetabolismUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre for Diabetes Endocrinology & MetabolismUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
| | - Rajat Jhamb
- Department of MedicineUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
| | - Sri Venkata Madhu
- Department of EndocrinologyCentre for Diabetes Endocrinology & MetabolismUniversity College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital Delhi India
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Sonal S, Mishra BK. Optimization of the Operational Conditions for the Treatment of Reactive Dyes through a Statistical Tool: Response Surface Methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.18178/ijesd.2019.10.6.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Singh H, Mishra BK. Degradation of cyanide, aniline and phenol in pre-treated coke oven wastewater by peroxide assisted electro-oxidation process. Water Sci Technol 2018; 78:2214-2227. [PMID: 30629549 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study explored the feasibility of using graphite electrodes for the electrochemical oxidation of cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline with hydrogen peroxide. The dosing effects of hydrogen peroxide and current density were examined in the pre-treated coke oven wastewater. It was found that 0.025 M hydrogen peroxide and 13.63 mA/cm2 of current density were more favorable for the removal of 100%, 90%, 71% and 40% cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline respectively. The increased removal of phenol in the coke oven wastewater was attributed to the pre-treatment of wastewater. Initially, 28% phenol was converted to phenolate ion by air stripping process, which increased the removal rate of phenol by the electro-oxidation process as the removal of phenolate is quite easy compared to phenol. The advanced oxidation process degrades the more toxic cyanide into less toxic intermediate cyanate ions (CNO─), which further cut down into nontoxic end products such as N2, HCO3 and CO2. The experimental results show that the primary mechanisms in the oxidation of cyanide and phenol are mediated electro-oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and hypochlorite ions. The operating cost under the optimized conditions for the removal of 100% cyanide and 71% phenol was estimated to be 616.95 INR/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hariraj Singh
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India E-mail:
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India E-mail:
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Mishra BK, Shukla P, Aslam M, Siddiqui AA, Madhu SV. Prevalence of double diabetes in youth onset diabetes patients from east Delhi and neighboring NCR region. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:839-842. [PMID: 28899639 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is being increasingly reported that some of the youth onset diabetes patients cannot be classified clearly as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on usual criteria and the term double diabetes (DD) coined for these cases. AIM The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of DD in youth onset diabetes patients from east Delhi and neighboring NCR region. METHODS A total of 200 patients with youth onset diabetes below 25 years of age were recruited from a tertiary care hospital in East Delhi. Clinical history, family history of diabetes and anthropometry of patients were recorded. Fasting serum C-peptide, Anti-IA2-antibody and Anti-GAD-antibody were measured in all patients. Patients positive for Anti-GAD-antibody (>1.05U/ml) and C-peptide level >0.3nmol/l were characterized as DD patients. Patients negative for Anti-GAD-antibody and C-peptide >0.3nmol/l were kept under the category of T2DM. Patients with low C-peptide level along with one of the following, positive Anti-GAD-antibody, positive Anti-IA2-antibody and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) were considered as T1DM. Remaining patients were kept under the unknown category. RESULTS Mean age of study subjects was 18.2±7.1years. Seven percent (7%) of the subjects were classified as DD, 51% as T1DM, 13% as T2DM and 29% were kept under the unknown category. Mean age of subjects with 22.2±9.7, 16.9±6.7, 20.6±7.7 and 19.4±7.4 years in DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category respectively. Mean BMI of subjects with DD, T1DM, T2DM and unknown category was 19.8±5.7, 16.6±3.7, 19.3±4.1 and 18.0±4.6 kg/m2 respectively. CONCLUSION Double diabetes is an important occurrence among youth onset diabetes subjects. Only half of the subjects with youth onset of diabetes had T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - P Shukla
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - A A Siddiqui
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences & Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
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Madhu SV, Sandeep G, Mishra BK, Aslam M. High prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes and obesity among residents of East Delhi - The Delhi urban diabetes survey (DUDS). Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:923-927. [PMID: 29803508 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The burden of diabetes is very high in our country particularly in the urban metros. The present survey was planned to ascertain the current prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in Delhi since the available prevalence estimates are over a decade old. METHODS The present study was conducted in urban area of east Delhi and followed a multistage random sampling design. The prevalence of known diabetes was ascertained based on self reporting and prevalence of newly detected diabetes and prediabetes was based on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS We surveyed 470 households and included 1317 individuals. Prevalence of diabetes was 18.3% (known 10.8% and newly detected 7.5%). Prevalence of prediabetes was 21% as per WHO criteria and 39.5% as per ADA criteria. The ratio of known to unknown diabetes was 1.44:1. Every third household (35.77%) had at least one known case of diabetes. High rates of obesity and central obesity were also observed in the study population. CONCLUSION The present study found a strikingly high prevalence of diabetes, prediabetes and obesity in Delhi. This calls for urgent and effective preventive measures to prevent diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Madhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India.
| | - G Sandeep
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
| | - M Aslam
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism, University College of Medical Sciences (University of Delhi) & GTB Hospital, Delhi, 110095, India
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Naz A, Chowdhury A, Mishra BK, Karthikeyan K. Distribution of heavy metals and associated human health risk in mine, agricultural and roadside soils at the largest chromite mine of India. Environ Geochem Health 2018; 40:2155-2175. [PMID: 29582262 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study accessed the levels of Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn concentration in soils of different locations (mine, roadside, agricultural and control sites) of Sukinda chromite mine (the India's largest Chromite mine and listed among the world's ten most polluted regions). Geo-accumulation (Igeo) index indicates that the mine, agricultural and roadside soils are 'heavily to extremely contaminated' due to Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd, hence human residing/working in this region can have health hazards due to contaminated soil via different exposure pathways. The concentration of heavy metals (mg/kg) in mine site vary between 52.35 and 244.8 (Cr6+), 12,030.2 and 31,818.6 (Cr3+), 5460.4 and 8866.0 (Ni), 70.02 and 208.6 (Pb), 0.95 and 5.3 (Cd), 209.1 and 360.4 (Mn), 21,531.8 and 28,847 (Fe) and 221 and 349.3 (Zn). Fe, Cr6+, Cr3+ and Ni concentration in soil follows an order of mine site > road sites > agricultural lands > control forest sites. Principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis indicate Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni and Pb as major pollutants in the region. Cancer Risk is 'high' in both adult (5.38E-04) and children (4.45E-04) in mining sites and 'low' to 'very low' in agricultural and road side soils. The hazard index for all the heavy metals in a mining areas is varied from 2.9 to 5.2 in adult and 2.8-5.1 in children, indicating 'high' to 'very high' non-cancer risk due to significant contribution of Ni, Pb and Cr6+ concentration (73, 11 and 10%, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Naz
- Environmental Laboratory Division, Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, P.O. 83, Mundra Road, Bhuj, Gujarat, 370001, India
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - Abhiroop Chowdhury
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India.
- Coastal and Marine Ecology Division, Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, P.O. 83, Mundra Road, Bhuj, Gujarat, 370001, India.
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India
| | - K Karthikeyan
- Environmental Laboratory Division, Gujarat Institute of Desert Ecology, P.O. 83, Mundra Road, Bhuj, Gujarat, 370001, India
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Priya T, Prakash P, Mishra BK. Understanding the coagulant activity of zirconium oxychloride to control THMs formation using response surface methodology. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 159:28-37. [PMID: 29730406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, impact of coagulant activity of zirconium oxychloride and aluminium sulphate on the kinetics of chlorine consumption and trihalomethanes (THMs) formation has been delineated. Zirconium Oxychloride showed rapid chlorine decay within the first 30 min, which further achieved steady rate after 60 min, but in case of aluminium sulphate chlorine consumption has been increased drastically throughout the chlorine decay. Zirconium oxychloride has effectively reduced significant amount of slow reducing agents (SRA) as well as fast reducing agents (FRA), which correspond to the rate of reduction in phenolic groups from water enriched with Natural Organic Matter (NOM) which eventually decreased trihalomethane mediated cancer risk by ~ 2.3 times among adults as compared to aluminium sulphate. Result depicts the outstanding coagulant activity of zirconium oxychloride as it tends to surpass aluminium sulphate in reducing NOM "measured as Absorbance Slope Index (ASI)" and phenol by 57.98% and 49.02% respectively from NOM enriched chlorinated water, which also resembles the THMs removal trend observed during cancer risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanwi Priya
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - B K Mishra
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India.
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Panneer SVK, Ravva MK, Mishra BK, Subramanian V, Sathyamurthy N. Co-operativity in non-covalent interactions in ternary complexes: a comprehensive electronic structure theory based investigation. J Mol Model 2018; 24:258. [PMID: 30159795 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The structure and stability of various ternary complexes in which an extended aromatic system such as coronene interacts with ions/atoms/molecules on opposite faces of the π-electron cloud were investigated using ab initio calculations. By characterizing the nature of the intermolecular interactions using an energy decomposition analysis, it was shown that there is an interplay between various types of interactions and that there are co-operativity effects, particularly when different types of interactions coexist in the same system. Graphical abstract Weak OH-π, π-π and van der Waals-π ternary systems are stabilized through dispersion interactions. Cation-π ternary systems are stabilized by through-space electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Venkatesan Subramanian
- Chemical Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, 600020, India.
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Sonal S, Singh A, Mishra BK. Decolorization of reactive dye Remazol Brilliant Blue R by zirconium oxychloride as a novel coagulant: optimization through response surface methodology. Water Sci Technol 2018; 78:379-389. [PMID: 30101773 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the performance of a novel coagulant, i.e. ZrOCl2, for the removal of anthraquinone-based reactive dye from aqueous solution. An ideal experimental setup was designed based on central composite design using response surface methodology to determine the individual and interactive effects of different operational variables (i.e. pH, coagulant dose and dye concentration) on treatment performance in terms of dye and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. Total 92.58% dye and 85.33% COD removal were experimentally attained at optimized conditions at low coagulant dose, i.e. 156.67 mg/L for the dye concentration of 105.67 mg/L at pH 2. To validate the working pH of the metal coagulant, the static charge of ZrOCl2 was measured using Eh value. The performance of the coagulant was validated with experimental and predicted values in the selected data set, and R2 values for both responses were found to be 0.99 and 0.95 respectively, which shows the reliability of the experimental design. Further, the toxicity of the coagulant was assessed and no such toxicity was found even up to the concentration of 500 mg/L, proclaiming the disposal of sludge may not exhibit any threat to humans. Experimental results suggested that the ZrOCl2 could be used as an eco-friendly coagulant for dye wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonalika Sonal
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India E-mail:
| | - Astha Singh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India E-mail:
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India E-mail:
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Priya T, Tarafdar A, Gupta B, Mishra BK. Effect of bioflocculants on the coagulation activity of alum for removal of trihalomethane precursors from low turbid water. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 70:1-10. [PMID: 30037396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Reactivity of chlorine towards hydrophobic groups present in natural organic matter (NOM) provokes the formation of carcinogenic disinfection byproducts such as trihalomethanes in chlorinated water. The present study aimed to investigate the variations in coagulant activity of alum using two different bioflocculants (coagulant aid) namely, Moringa oleifera and Cyamopsistetragonoloba for the removal of hydrophobic fractions of NOM and subsequent chlorine consumption by treated water. Effect of dual coagulants on trihalomethane surrogate parameters such as total organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, UV absorbing materials and prominent hydrophobic species such as phenolic groups along with aromatic chromophores, polyhydroxy aromatic moiety have also been studied. The concept of differential spectroscopy and absorbance slope index has been employed to understand the combined effects of alum-bioflocculants on the reactivity of NOM with chlorine. Our result shows that the combination of alum and C. tetragonoloba is more efficient for reducing trihalomethane surrogates from chlorinated water as compared to M. oleifera. C. tetragonoloba elicited synchronized effects of sweep coagulation and particle bridging-adsorption which eventually facilitated efficient removal of hydrophobic fractions of NOM. The variation in the mechanistic approach of bioflocculants was due to the presence of cationic charge on M. oleifera and adhesive property of C. tetragonoloba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanwi Priya
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Abhrajyoti Tarafdar
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Bramha Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad 826004, India.
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Prakash P, Chakraborty PK, Priya T, Mishra BK. Performance evaluation of saponin over other organic acid and tap water for removal of chromium in tannery sludge by electrokinetic enhancement. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2018.1467449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prakash
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Prasun Kumar Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Tanwi Priya
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, India
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