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Saharan US, Kumar R, Singh S, Mandal TK, Sateesh M, Verma S, Srivastava A. Hotspot driven air pollution during crop residue burning season in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, India. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:124013. [PMID: 38670421 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Intensive crop residue burning (CRB) in northern India triggers severe air pollution episodes over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) each year during October and November. We have quantified the contribution of hotspot districts (HSDs) and total CRB to poor air quality over the IGP. Initially, we investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of CRB fire within the domain and pinpointed five HSD in each Punjab and Haryana. Furthermore, we have simulated air quality and quantified the impact of CRB using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), incorporating recent anthropogenic emissions (EDGAR v5) and biomass burning emissions (FINN v2.4) inventories, along with MOZART-MOSAIC chemistry. The key finding is that HSDs contributed ∼80% and ∼50% of the total fire counts in Haryana and Punjab, respectively. The model effectively captured observed PM₂.₅ concentrations, with a normalized mean bias (NMB) below 0.2 and R-squared (R2) exceeding 0.65 at the majority of validation sites. However, some discrepancies were observed at a few sites in Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, and West Bengal. The National Capital Region experienced the highest PM₂.₅ concentrations, followed by Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal. Moreover, HSDs were responsible for about 70% of the total increase in CRB-induced PM₂.₅ in the western, central, and eastern cities, and around 50% in the northern cities. By eliminating CRB emissions across the domain, we could potentially save approximately 18,000 lives annually. Policymakers, scientists, and institutions can leverage the framework to address air pollution at national and global scales by targeting source-specific hotspots. This approach, coupled with appropriate technological and financial solutions, can contribute to achieving climate change and sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ummed Singh Saharan
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110012, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Tuhin Kumar Mandal
- CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi, 110012, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - M Sateesh
- Climate Change Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shubha Verma
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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Zeren Cetin I, Varol T, Ozel HB, Sevik H. The effects of climate on land use/cover: a case study in Turkey by using remote sensing data. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:5688-5699. [PMID: 35978246 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Economic and industrial development results in worldwide population concentration in cities, leading to increases in impervious surfaces. Thus, the surface temperatures increase and cities are exposed to the urban heat island effect. This study analyzed the changes in the urban heat island effect in the 30 years (from 1990 to 2021) in the central district of Bartin. In this sense, there were two primary goals. Firstly, land use/land cover change, land surface temperature (LST), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were analyzed by using remote sensing methods between 1990 and 2021. Secondly, a linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the factors associated with LST, NDVI, and NDBI. The study results revealed increases in urban surfaces and the average land surface temperature values in the past 30 years and showed a decline in the vegetation. Regression analysis results indicated a strong negative relationship between LST and NDVI and a strong positive relationship between LST and NDBI. It was also found a robust negative relationship between NDBI and NDVI. In light of the findings, it was stated that the amount of open and green areas should be increased in order to prevent the negative effects of the urban heat island in the central district of Bartin. For this purpose, it has been proposed to encourage green roof systems throughout the city, to create city parks and to create a green belt system. In addition, as a result of the study, the importance of preventing forest destruction caused by over settlement in the Mountains, which is one of the rare habitats of the world with different plant species, was emphasized. In this sense, legal sanctions should be employed to protect those areas and prevent construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Zeren Cetin
- Department of Forest Engineering, Program of Sustainable Forestry, Institute of Graduate School, Bartin University, YOK 100/2000 Scholarship, Bartin, Turkey.
- Department of Park and Garden Plants, Program of Landscape and Ornamental Plants Cultivation, Samsun Vocational School, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Tugrul Varol
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Halil Baris Ozel
- Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Bhadauria S, Dixit A, Singh D. Estimation of air pollution tolerance and anticipated performance index of roadside plants along the national highway in a tropical urban city. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:808. [PMID: 36125576 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
One of the most serious environmental issues is air pollution. Unlike other environmental concerns, this form of pollution is extremely challenging to regulate. The greenery of roadside trees plays a significant role in air purification and pollutant absorption, therefore helping to mitigate environmental pollution. Several plants can absorb and store toxins in their leaves from the atmosphere. Green plants have the potential to work as sinks and filters for air pollutants. Green belt development along national highways is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable method of reducing air pollution. Sensitive and tolerant plants against air pollution can be identified by evaluating their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) values. In this study, the susceptibility level of plant species to air pollution was assessed using APTI and API. The four parameters on which APTI depends are ascorbic acid content, total chlorophyll content, relative water content, and leaf extract pH. For the estimation of API, the plant's biological and socioeconomic factors like tree habit, canopy structure, type, size, texture, and hardness of the plant are also assessed. These parameters were determined and incorporated into a formula that represents the APTI and API of plants. Moreover, multilinear regression modeling was performed using a Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, V25) and found that pH and ascorbic acid content in plant leaves have a significant role in the calculation of APTI and tolerance potential of plants. Therefore, APTI was assessed with seventeen plant species that are abundant in the area along the national highway in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, from Jan to Mar 2020. The APTI showed that Saraca asoca was the most resistant to air pollution, whereas Vachellia nilotica was the most sensitive. In addition, plants with higher APTI can also be used to reduce air pollution, while plants with lower APTI can be utilized to monitor air pollution. Based on the calculated API score, it is found that Ficus elastica (% score > 90) is the best option for green belt development. Urban local body (ULB) can also adopt Ficus religiosa, Saraca asoca, and Aucuba japonica (having % a grade score of 80-90) for mitigation of air pollution. The study indicates that plantations of tolerant species are useful for biomonitoring and developing green belts on and along national highways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abhishek Dixit
- Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, UP, India.
- Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology, Kanpur, UP, India.
| | - Deepesh Singh
- Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, UP, India
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Kilicoglu C. GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis for settlement areas: a case study in Canik. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35746-35759. [PMID: 35060034 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17970-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to global population growth due to migration from rural areas to urban areas, population density is constantly increasing in certain regions, thereby necessitating the introduction of new settlements in these regions. However, in the selection of settlement areas, no sufficient preliminary examinations have been conducted; consequently, various natural disasters may cause significant life and property losses. Herein, the most suitable settlement areas were determined using GIS (geographic information systems) in Canik District, where the population is continuously increasing. Therefore, this study aimed to incorporate a new perspective into studies on this subject. Within the scope of the study, landslide and flood risks, which are among the most important natural disasters in the region, were primarily evaluated, and high-risk areas were determined. Elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, lithology, topographic humidity index (TWI), and proximity to river parameters were used to produce flood susceptibility maps. A digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was produced using contours on the 1/25,000 scaled topographic map. The elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, and TWI parameters were produced from the DEM using the relevant analysis routines of ArcGIS software. The raster map of each parameter was divided into 5 subclasses using the natural breaks classification method. In the reclassified raster maps, the most flood-sensitive or flood-prone subclasses were assigned a value of 5, and the least sensitive subclasses were assigned a value of 1. Then, the reclassified maps of the 7 parameters were collected using the "map algebra" function of ArcGIS 10.5 software, and the flood susceptibility index (FSI) map of the study area was obtained. The flood susceptibility map of the study area was obtained by dividing the FSI into 5 subclasses (very low, low, moderate, high, and very high) according to the natural breaks classification method. Thereafter, suitable and unsuitable areas in terms of biocomfort, which affects people's health, peace, comfort, and psychology and is significant in terms of energy efficiency, were determined. At the last stage of the study, the most suitable settlement areas that were suitable in terms of both biocomfort and low levels of landslide and flood risks were determined. The calculated proportion of such areas to the total study area was only 2.1%. Therefore, because these areas were insufficient for the establishment of new settlements, areas that had low landslide and flood risks but were unsuitable for biocomfort were secondarily determined; the ratio of these areas was calculated as 56.8%. The remaining areas were inconvenient for the establishment of settlements due to the risk of landslides and floods; the ratio of these areas was calculated as 41.1%. This study is exemplary in that the priority for the selection of settlement areas was specified, and this method can be applied for selecting new settlements for each region considering different criteria. Due to the risk of landslides or flooding in the study area, the areas unsuitable for establishing a settlement covered approximately 41.1% of the total study area. The areas that had low flood and landslide risks but were suitable for biocomfort constituted only 2.1% of the study area. In approximately 56.8% of the study area, the risk of landslides or floods was low, and these areas were unsuitable in terms of biocomfort. Therefore, these areas were secondarily preferred as settlement areas. The most suitable areas for settlements constituted only 0.19% of the total study area, and these areas will not be able to meet the increasing demand for settlement area. Therefore, it is recommended to select areas that do not have the risk of landslides and floods but are unsuitable for biocomfort. This study reveals that grading should be performed in the selection of settlement areas. When choosing a settlement area in any region, possible natural disasters in the region should be identified first, and these disasters should be ordered in terms of their threat potential. Moreover, biocomfort areas suitable for settlements should be considered. In the next stages of settlement area selection, the criteria that affect the peace and comfort of people, such as distance to pollution sources, distance to noise sources, and proximity to natural areas, should also be evaluated. Thus, a priority order should be created for the selection of settlement areas using various other criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kilicoglu
- Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kavak Vocational School, Samsun University, Samsun, Turkey.
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A Novel Urban Tourism Path Planning Approach Based on a Multiobjective Genetic Algorithm. ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/ijgi10080530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the most important variables that leads to effective individual and group tours is the tourism route planning approach, which enables tourists to engage with tourism with ease, speed, and safety. However, current methods of designing tourist routes have some glitches, such as relying only on external objectives to find the best route. In this paper, a novel urban tourism path planning method based on a multiobjective genetic algorithm is proposed. The main goal of this paper is to enhance the accuracy of the genetic algorithm (GA) by adopting new parameters and selecting the optimal tourism path by combining external and internal tourist site potentials. Moreover, the GA and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were used in our proposed approach to evaluate urban tourism route planning under multiple conflicting objectives. To visualize and execute the proposed approach, the geographic information system (GIS) environment was used. Our suggested approach has been applied to develop the tourist road network of Chengdu City in China. Compared with existing tourism path planning approaches, our proposed approach is more accurate and straightforward than other approaches used to choose routes.
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Gea-García GM, Fernández-Vicente C, Barón-López FJ, Miranda-Páez J. The Recreational Trail of the El Caminito del Rey Natural Tourist Attraction, Spain: Determination of Hikers' Flow. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041809. [PMID: 33673288 PMCID: PMC7917633 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hiking is a very popular outdoor activity, and has led to an exponential increase in the number of visitors to natural spaces. The objective of this study was to analyze the circulation pattern of visitors to the Caminito del Rey trail, based on the three zones into which the trail can be divided. The sample consisted of 1582 hikers distributed into three different profiles. Of these, 126 utilized an eye-tracking device during the hike, while, for the rest (1456), only their travel speed along the trail was recorded. The use of eye tracking devices identified a greater number of interesting landscapes located in zones 1 and 3 of the trail, and it was observed that the mean travel speed was greater for zone 2 (42.31 m/min) (p < 0.01). Additionally, when the three different visitor profiles were analyzed, significant differences were found between the mean travel speeds according to sectors (p < 0.05). This information is crucial for more efficient management of the trail, as it allows for the development of measures to control and regulate the flow of visitors according to zone, and the design of additional strategies to increase the awareness of the hiker about specific areas of the hike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma María Gea-García
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Sport Sciences, San Antonio Catholic University, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (G.M.G.-G.); (C.F.-V.)
| | - Carmelo Fernández-Vicente
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
- Correspondence: (G.M.G.-G.); (C.F.-V.)
| | - Francisco J. Barón-López
- Department of Public Health and Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Jesús Miranda-Páez
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
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Ertugrul M, Varol T, Ozel HB, Cetin M, Sevik H. Influence of climatic factor of changes in forest fire danger and fire season length in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:28. [PMID: 33392829 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the expectations of an increase in annual fire activity and the severity of fire season due to climate change and large fires, which have been occurring in recent years, a downtrend has been identified in fire activity in many studies conducted for the whole of Europe in recent years. Similarly, in Turkey, according to the General Directorate of Forestry statistics, while there is an increase in the number of annual fires, the burnt area has a downtrend pattern. In this study, fire activity and climate data statistics for Turkey were examined along with the fire season length and severity. The results obtained conform with the studies conducted in places from Spain at the westernmost part of Mediterranean Europe to Israel at the easternmost part of the Mediterranean. Considering the changes in temperatures, temperature rise of 2 to 3 °C was detected at all stations in the study area. No decrease was observed in the average temperatures at any of the stations within the study period between 1940 and 2018. On the other hand, the precipitation trend varied according to the stations. Although there have been increases in precipitation in Fethiye, Isparta, and Marmaris since 1960, the decrease in precipitation by 132 mm in Afyon since 1970 and the decrease in precipitation by 137 mm in Bodrum since 1940 are attention-grabbing. These stations are followed by Izmir station with 66 mm and Cesme station with 37 mm of decrease, despite being smaller decreases. In the study, the long-term (1940-2018) data of the meteorological stations discussed within the study, the Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) and the Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC) values were calculated. According to the FWI results used in determining the severity and length of fire season on the coastline of Turkey from the northern Aegean to Antalya, the likelihood of large fires decreased by about 52% in 2018 compared to 1970. This decrease in FWI value indicates that the fire severity is reduced. The specified decrease in fire severity also explains the reason of the decrease in the burnt area that occurred over the years in Turkey. No significant change was observed in the FFMC values indicating the possibility of human-induced fires between 1970 and 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mertol Ertugrul
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Tugrul Varol
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Halil Baris Ozel
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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8
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Abstract
Abstract
Tourism is an industry with a strong long-term potential of becoming one of the key industries in securing the country’s economic growth. Tourists are nowadays interested in not only getting to know the cultural-historical peculiarities, but also the way of life and cultural traditions of the inhabitants of the individual regions. Kysuce region is characterised by scattered settlement, which used to be a significant type of settlement in remote and inaccessible parts of the area in the past. Nowadays, however, the majority of the objects of the scattered settlement either serve as holiday chalets or are uninhabited.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the recreational potential of tourism in Kysuce region. Based on the established methodology, the individual villages were divided into five categories: areas with less suitable potential of tourism development (PTD), areas with suitable PTD, areas with quality PTD, areas with PTD of high quality and areas with the most significant PTD. These categories have been established based on the point evaluation of the potential of input indicators – natural potential, cultural-historical potential, recreational infrastructure and environmental infrastructure. The most significant PTD in the monitored area is the village of Oščadnica (279 points), and the villages of Horný Vadičov (231 points), Raková (224 points) and Nová Bystrica (219.5 points) were evaluated as the areas with PTD of high quality. Agro-tourism in this region is, however, the least developed, despite the location of the region being very favourable for such an activity. Its development could lower unemployment and offer a source of income of the inhabitants, or reduce movement of the inhabitants into other regions of Slovakia. Subsequently, the character of the landscape with all its key functions for sustaining the quality of the environment could be preserved.
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Kravkaz Kuscu IS. Certain soil characteristics and light conditions of enzyme activities and variance conditional to plant type. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:229. [PMID: 32162040 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil is one of the most important factors in plant cultivation, and its content affects plant growth significantly. However, soil composition and characteristics vary depending on the environmental conditions in the area where the soil is located. In this study, urease and catalase enzyme activities in plant soils grown under different shade conditions were examined. The Prunus cerasifera, Tilia tomentosa, Gleditsia triacanthos, Euonymus japonica, and Betula pendula species were grown in five different light conditions during one vegetation period, and the urease and catalase enzyme activities and Ph, EC (mS.cm ̄1), CaCO3 (%), OM (%), P (ppm), and K (ppm) changes were examined within the scope of the study. As a result, it was found that characteristics other than Ph, which was the subject of the study, changed to a great extent depending on the plant species and light conditions; however, in the areas where different plant species were grown, the soil characters changed at different levels depending on the light. As a result of the study, the highest values in many characteristics were obtained under 45% and 65% light conditions.
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10
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Zeren Cetin I, Sevik H. Investigation of the relationship between bioclimatic comfort and land use by using GIS and RS techniques in Trabzon. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:71. [PMID: 31894417 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-8029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between bioclimatic comfort and land use in Trabzon by using geographical information systems and remote sensing technologies. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the bioclimatic conditions of the years 1985, 1994, 2005, and 2018 with the use of land in the same years in the province of Trabzon in seasonal and annual periods. Physiological equivalent temperature (PET) index, which takes into consideration the physiological characteristics of humans, was used when determining bioclimatic comfort zones. The meteorological parameters used in the calculation of this index are as follows: daily average temperature values reduced to sea level, daily average relative humidity, and wind speed. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) method was preferred in the calculation of the spatial distribution of the obtained values at sea level. Using DEM data, height-dependent PET values were obtained and bioclimatic comfort maps were generated. According to the years of the bioclimatic comfort maps produced, land use maps were created by using CORINE land cover data. Then, the relationship between bioclimatic comfort zones and land use was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Zeren Cetin
- Institute of Science, Programs of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, 37150, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
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Li W, Zhao M, Scaioni M, Hosseini SR, Wang X, Yao D, Zhang K, Gao J, Li X. Extreme rainfall trends of 21 typical urban areas in China during 1998-2015 based on remotely sensed data sets. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:709. [PMID: 31677005 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of population, many cities are growing in size at a phenomenal rate. Urbanization changes the urban underlying surface, influences the micro-climate, and sometimes affects the local precipitation process. In this study, we investigated the trends of extreme rainfall in China's 21 typical urban areas. Based on a series of daily rainfall and "Urban/built-up" dataset from TMPA 3B42 and MCD12Q1 products in China, trends in extreme precipitation, with the threshold defined as 95th (pre95p) and 99th (pre99p) percentiles of annual rain days during 1998-2015, have been assessed in China, and especially in 21 typical urban areas from 1998 to 2015. The tendency curves in extreme rainfall of different years are presented. In this period, more than 66% regions of China covered by TMPA 3B42 have increasing trends in extreme rainfall with pre95p threshold. The 21 typical urban areas showed different trends-in over half of these areas, upward tendencies in extreme rainfall were observed, particularly in Dalian, Beijing, and Chongqing. Seventeen urban areas showed increasing tendencies in pre95p extreme rainfall days, including Shanghai, Nanjing, Hangzhou, and Suzhou in the Yangtze River Delta region. The results also illustrate that southeastern coastal urban areas of China may have experienced decreasing occurrences in extreme rainfall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Li
- Institute of Urban Studies, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi, 276005, China.
| | - Marco Scaioni
- Department of Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Xiang Wang
- Linyi Natural Resources and Planning Bureau, Linyi, 276001, China
| | - Dongjing Yao
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Kaihang Zhang
- Institute of Tourism, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Institute of Urban Studies, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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12
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Evaluation and comparison of eight machine learning models in land use/land cover mapping using Landsat 8 OLI: a case study of the northern region of Iran. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-1527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Dutta D, Rahman A, Paul SK, Kundu A. Changing pattern of urban landscape and its effect on land surface temperature in and around Delhi. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:551. [PMID: 31399777 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The last couple of decades have seen remarkable spatial growth in the urban areas of developing countries. The process of urbanization is directly linked with land transformation which can be an effective way to monitor the spatio-temporal pattern of urban growth. New Delhi, the capital city of India has experienced a large-scale urban growth during the last decade. In order to identify the pattern of urban expansion in and around Delhi, the present study aims to assess the process of land transformation using multi-temporal Landsat datasets (1977-2014). The areas under various land use and land cover (LULC) extracted by support vector machine (SVM) hybrid classifier reveal asignificant change in the LULC pattern of the area. A good agreement was found between field-based information and maps generated using satellite images (kappa ≥ 0.84). Land transformation maps indicate rapid growth of few urban centres located outside Delhi National Capital Territory (NCT), like Gurgaon, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Faridabad and Ghaziabad. These centres have been remarkably expanded because of transformation of agricultural and vegetated lands. However, green patches within the city have not been affected by the consequences of urbanization. In tune with the rapid urbanization in the periurban centres of Delhi, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS)-derived land surface temperature (LST) images revealed significant change in the level of LST. The inter-relationship of impervious surface fraction (ISF) and LST proves a good agreement between them. The increasing trend observed in the long-term (1987-2011) summer temperature data obtained from India Meteorological Department (IMD) indicates the rise of mean summer temperature in the last few decades. Land transformation along with rapid urbanization especially in the periurban areas of Delhi NCT played a key role in the increasing trend of surface temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanwita Dutta
- Department of Remote Sensing and GIS, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Paul
- Department of Architecture and Regional Planning, Indian Institute of Technology-Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Kundu
- DST-Mahamana Centre of Excellence in Climate Change Research, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Vijith H, Dodge-Wan D. Spatial and statistical trend characteristics of rainfall erosivity (R) in upper catchment of Baram River, Borneo. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:494. [PMID: 31302794 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The upper catchment region of the Baram River in Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo) is undergoing severe land degradation due to soil erosion. Heavy rainfall with high erosive power has led to a number of soil erosion hotspots. The goal of the present study is to generate an understanding about the spatial characteristics of seasonal and annual rainfall erosivity (R), which not only control sediment delivery from the region but also determine the quantity of material potentially eroded. Mean annual rainfall and rainfall erosivity range from 2170 to 5167 mm and 1632 to 5319 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1, respectively. Seasonal rainfall and rainfall erosivity range from 848 to 1872 mm and 558 to 1883 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1 for the southwest (SW) monsoon, 902 to 2200 mm and 664 to 2793 MJ mm ha-1h-1year-1 for the northeast (NE) monsoon and 400 to 933 mm and 331 to 1075 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1 during the inter-monsoon (IM) period. Linear regression, Spearman's Rho and Mann Kendall tests were applied. Considering the regional mean rainfall erosivity in the study area, all the methods show an overall non-significant decreasing trend (- 9.34, - 0.25 and - 0.30 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1, respectively for linear regression, Spearman's Rho and Mann Kendall tests). However, during SW monsoon and IM periods, rainfall erosivity showed a non-significant decreasing trend (- 25.45, - 0.52, - 0.40, and - 8.86, - 1.07, - 0.77 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1, respectively) whereas in NE, monsoon season erosivity showed a non-significant increasing trend (14.90, 1.59 and 1.60 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1, respectively). The mean erosivity density ranges from 0.77 to 1.38 MJ ha-1 h-1 year-1 and shows decreasing trend. Spatial distribution pattern of erosivity density indicates significantly higher occurrence of erosive rainfall in the lower elevation portion of the study area. The spatial pattern of mean rainfall erosivity trends (linear, Spearman's Rho and Mann Kendall) suggests that the study area can be divided into two zones with increasing rainfall erosivity trends in the northern zone and decreasing trends in the southern zone. These results can be used to plan conservation measures to reduce sediment delivery from localized soil erosion hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vijith
- Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - D Dodge-Wan
- Department of Applied Geology, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
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15
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Aliani H, Kafaky SB, Monavari SM, Dourani K. Modeling and prediction of future ecotourism conditions applying system dynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:729. [PMID: 30456566 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ecotourism industry is one of the largest industries and has an important role in the economic social and cultural development of societies, especially in developing countries. Policymaking and planning procedures in this industry require the application of the methods that can appropriately model mutual and complex interactions and contacts. System dynamics is an accurate modeling method to simulate complex systems in a structured way and to design more effective policies by using these complex systems. In this study, the interactions and dynamics of the main components of ecotourism (effective variables) in the Taleghan area are modeled using system dynamics. To formulate and model simulations in the period between 2005 and 2015 was considered, and then extending the period of investigation, the model simulation was performed till the year 2025. Among the most important results of this study is the effect of the environment on the demand for ecotourism. Environmental degradation and the degradation of the quality of the environment lead to a reduced demand for ecotourism. This study predicts the future of ecotourism by this dynamic and designs a group of policies for the sustainable and comprehensive development of ecotourism on the basis of the behavior of the model variables in order to prevent the degradation of environment and simultaneously ensure that ecotourism demand is not negatively affected. Finally, the best policy "depending construction to the state of the area environment" was selected among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamide Aliani
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sasan Babaie Kafaky
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Monavari
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiumars Dourani
- Industrial Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Kim Y, You K. The study to environmental factors using microclimate survey of traditional wooden Silsang Temple in Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:630. [PMID: 30284058 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Weathering of wooden temples is attributable to temperature and humidity. Here, we explore the microclimatic characteristics of a traditional Korean temple; we measured temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, and wind direction at one internal and five external points in/near Silsang Temple. Both the temperature and humidity varied by season. The internal and external daily temperature ranges were most similar in autumn, followed by spring, winter, and summer. The relative humidity inside was 40% greater (compared to outside) in spring and winter, but not in summer and autumn. Wind velocity variations within the temple were significant in certain seasons. Neither the outside temperature nor internal relative humidity was greatly affected by location. Correlations were evident between the outside temperature and relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsang Kim
- Department of Architecture Engineering, Chonbuk National University, JeonJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kipyo You
- Department of Architecture Engineering, Chonbuk National University, JeonJu, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Şen G, Güngör E, Şevik H. Defining the effects of urban expansion on land use/cover change: a case study in Kastamonu, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:454. [PMID: 29982946 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the growing world population, continuous migration from rural areas to city centers leads to rapid population growth in urban centers, bringing with it a change in land use/cover in those areas. This change usually manifests itself as an increase in artificial surfaces and a decrease in agricultural areas and forestlands. However, agricultural areas and forests in the vicinity of city centers contain sensitive ecosystems that require careful monitoring. It is crucial that the impact of population growth in the city centers on these areas is determined. This study aims to determine the changes in the land cover in Kastamonu city center between 1999 and 2014. As part of the study, changes in the population of the city center, as well as in the use of urban spaces within the past 15 years, were investigated to determine how population growth affected land use/cover. Changes in land use/cover were assessed under 12 classes with the use of remote sensing methods on stand-type maps created by the aerial photos. According to the results of the study, a 519.5-ha agricultural area and a 86-ha forest area became artificial surfaces in 1999 and 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Şen
- Forestry Faculty Department of Forest Engineering, Kastamonu University, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Ersin Güngör
- Forestry Faculty Department of Forest Engineering, Bartın Univerisity, 74100, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Hakan Şevik
- Engineering and Architecture Faculty Department of Environmental Engineering, Kastamonu Univerisity, 37200, Kastamonu, Turkey
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18
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Use of track counts and camera traps to estimate the abundance of roe deer in North-Eastern Italy: are they effective methods? MAMMAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-018-0386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Cetin M, Sevik H, Yigit N. Climate type-related changes in the leaf micromorphological characters of certain landscape plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:404. [PMID: 29905888 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to determine changes to some micromorphological characteristics of certain landscape plants grown in areas with different dominant climate types. Leaf samples were collected from eight woody plant species in areas with terrestrial, Black Sea, and Mediterranean climate types in Turkey. Then, scaled images of the collected leaf samples were obtained using SEM. StomaLength, StomaWidth, PoreLength, PoreWidth, and StomaDensity were determined using measurements made on the images. Data were statistically evaluated, and the changes to these characteristics by climate type and species were determined. The results show that the lowest values were for plants grown in the terrestrial climate, while the highest values were for plants grown in the Mediterranean climate for all characteristics except SDEN. For SDEN, the lowest value was for plants grown in the Mediterranean climate, while the highest value was obtained for plants grown in the terrestrial climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Yigit
- Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
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20
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Zhang H, Sun T, Xue S, Yang W, Shao D. Habitat-mediated, density-dependent dispersal strategies affecting spatial dynamics of populations in an anthropogenically-modified landscape. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 625:1510-1517. [PMID: 29996447 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in managing natural populations in ecosystems is understanding and predicting the complexity and consequences of population dispersal. Although many studies have documented the importance of conspecific density and habitat quality in the dispersal process, we lack an understanding of how to integrate these factors in determining the spatial dynamics of populations or how habitat quality can mediate density-dependent dispersal. In this study, we propose a Habitat-mediated, Density-dependent, Spatial Population Dynamics model (HD-SPDM), in which we combined a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) with a migration function, to explore the emergent effects of habitat mediated, density-dependent dispersal strategies on the spatial dynamics of a population. Our results show that habitat condition (based on HSI score) can influence ranges in conspecific density (which in turn can alter spatial patterns of populations distributed in homogeneous patches). We tested this model using the spatial distribution of Chinese mitten crab in the Yangtze River Estuary, which has been subjected to excessive sea reclamations over time, this allowed us to obtain insight into spatial distribution of population by determining how habitat-mediated, density-dependent dispersal at a small scale interacts with habitat heterogeneity and fragmentation at a landscape scale. We found that each progressive sea reclamation reduced suitable habitat area and habitat connectivity in the estuary. However, the model predicts that intermediate intensities of habitat compression and fragmentation could improve habitat utilization somewhat by facilitating population dispersal. Our model could be used to improve resource management of populations being increasingly impacted by anthropogenic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - SuFeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongdong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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21
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Impacts of Land-Use and Land-Cover Changes on Water Yield: A Case Study in Jing-Jin-Ji, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Cetin M, Zeren I, Sevik H, Cakir C, Akpinar H. A study on the determination of the natural park's sustainable tourism potential. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:167. [PMID: 29476271 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The surface site of Yesilyuva Nature Park encompasses natural, social, economic, and cultural characteristics and has become a marker of the region's natural and cultural heritage. To support the preservation of this site, promotional activities should be planned. In this study, because of tourism and related opinions of residents and visitors alike in terms of their natural determination, an important cultural and historical feature is aimed at evaluating the tourism potential of Yesilyuva Nature Park. This framework is designed to establish prospective tourism sustainability. As a result, Yesilyuva Nature Park's natural and cultural properties have been determined to be suitable for sustainable tourism activities using geographic information systems (GIS). This protection in the field, which balances sustainability and landscape design, will provide for the development of tourism activities. In the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis and survey, residents and visitors reported that the most important feature of the Yesilyuva Nature Park was its natural beauty. Visitors often come to observe traditional and natural life and to engage in tourism activities. All the data, which includes maps derived from GIS, represents landscape planning for sustainable tourism areas in Yesilyuva Nature Park.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Ilknur Zeren
- Institute of Science, Programs of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Hakan Sevik
- Faculty of Engineering and Agriculture, Department of Environmental Engineering, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Cansel Cakir
- Faculty of Engineering and Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Akpinar
- Institute of Science, Programs of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
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23
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Yu J, Lim J, Lee KS. Investigation of drought-vulnerable regions in North Korea using remote sensing and cloud computing climate data. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:126. [PMID: 29423574 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most severe natural disasters in the world and leads to serious challenges that affect both the natural environment and human societies. North Korea (NK) has frequently suffered from severe and prolonged droughts since the second half of the twentieth century. These droughts affect the growing conditions of agricultural crops, which have led to food shortages in NK. However, it is not easy to obtain ground data because NK is one of the most closed-off societies in the world. In this situation, remote sensing (RS) techniques and cloud computing climate data (CCCD) can be used for drought monitoring in NK. RS-derived drought indices and CCCD were used to determine the drought-vulnerable regions in the spring season in NK. After the results were compared and discussed, the following conclusions were derived: (1) 10.0% of the total area of NK is estimated to be a drought-vulnerable region. The most susceptible regions to drought appear in the eastern and western coastal regions, far from BaekDu-DaeGan (BDDG), while fewer drought regions are found near BDDG and the Nahngrim Mountains. The drought-vulnerable regions are the coastal regions of South Hamgyong Province, North Hamgyong Province, South Pyongan Province, and South Hwanghae Province. The latter region is the food basket of NK. (2) In terms of land cover, the drought-vulnerable regions mainly consisted of croplands and mixed forest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Yu
- Patent Examination Cooperation Hubei Center of the Patent Office, SIPO, Building B14, Guang Gu Jin Rong Gang, 77 Guang Gu Da Dao, East Lake High-Tech Development District, Wuhan, China
| | - Joongbin Lim
- Inter-Korean Forest Research Team, Division of Global Forestry, National Institute of Forest Science, 57 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul, 02455, South Korea
| | - Kyoo-Seock Lee
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
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24
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Comparing Social Media Data and Survey Data in Assessing the Attractiveness of Beijing Olympic Forest Park. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Li Y, Kang W, Han Y, Song Y. Spatial and temporal patterns of microclimates at an urban forest edge and their management implications. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:93. [PMID: 29362913 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fragmented forests generate a variety of forest edges, leading to microclimates in the edge zones that differ from those in the forest interior. Understanding microclimatic variation is an important consideration for managers because it helps when making decisions about how to restrict the extent of edge effects. Thus, our study attempted to characterize the changing microclimate features at an urban forest edge located on Mt. Gwanak, Seoul, South Korea. We examined edge effects on air temperature, relative humidity, soil temperature, soil moisture, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) during the hottest three consecutive days in August 2016. Results showed that each variable responded differently to the edge effects. This urban forest edge had an effect on temporal changes at a diurnal scale in all microclimate variables, except soil moisture. In addition, all variables except relative humidity were significantly influenced by the edge effect up to 15 m inward from the forest boundary. The relative humidity fluctuated the most and showed the deepest extent of the edge effect. Moreover, the edge widths calculated from the relative humidity and air temperature both peaked in the late afternoon (16:00 h). Our findings provide a reference for forest managers in designing urban forest zones and will contribute to the conservation of fragmented forests in urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Li
- Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanmo Kang
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiwen Han
- Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkeun Song
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Yucedag C, Kaya LG, Cetin M. Identifying and assessing environmental awareness of hotel and restaurant employees' attitudes in the Amasra District of Bartin. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:60. [PMID: 29305729 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental damage occurring on individual, institutional, and societal levels is one of the major problems in the world and results from mostly unconscious human behavior. This damage poses serious threats to human health and other habitats. The aim of this study is to determine the level of environmental awareness of hotel and restaurant employees in the Amasra District of Bartin, Turkey. For this purpose, a descriptive survey method is used to measure 16 items with a 5-point Likert scale. Data are obtained from 200 employees in the hotels and restaurants as of 2015. The reliability coefficient is found to be 0.74. This data reveals that only 43% of hotels and 72% of restaurants in Amasra have recycling bins. Males and Bachelor's degree holders have more environmental awareness. Enterprises established after 2011 follow popular journals related to environment more than those before 2011. As a result, it is essential to organize educational meetings and seminars related to environmental awareness for hotel and restaurant employees in order to improve the tourism industry's environmental impact. The results show that the legislation has resulted in general environmental awareness and that the organizations are willing to change their business processes and environmental strategies. Nevertheless, despite their actions, there is little awareness of the benefits that can result from cost reductions resulting from environmentally friendly practices. Those affected by their suppliers act to reduce waste but do not deploy formal environmental management systems or use environmental messages to market their goods or services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Yucedag
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Istiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Latif Gurkan Kaya
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Istiklal Campus, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cetin
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kuzeykent Campus, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey.
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27
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Nichani V, Dirks K, Burns B, Bird A, Grant C. Green Space and Depression during Pregnancy: Results from the Growing Up in New Zealand Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14091083. [PMID: 28927014 PMCID: PMC5615620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Antenatal depression is an important contributor to poor maternal health experienced by some women. This study aimed to determine whether exposure to green space during pregnancy is associated with less depression, and whether this association is moderated by relevant factors, such as age, education, self-identified ethnicity, physical activity, residential rurality, and socioeconomic status. Methods: Health data were sourced from the cohort study “Growing Up in New Zealand” comprised of 6772 participants. Green space was estimated based on the proportion of green space within the Census Area Unit. Adjusted logistic mixed effect models were used to investigate the association between green space and antenatal depression after controlling for confounding variables. Results: Maternal exposure to green space were not associated with lower odds of antenatal depression. Indications of effect modifications due to relevant factors were not observed. Conclusions: This study did not determine an association between access to green space (measured based on the distance to the nearest green space) and antenatal depression. Therefore, a link between green space and antenatal depression was not established. For that reason, ensuring residential areas contain adequate green space may or may not be helpful in preventing antenatal depression and adverse health outcomes associated with this depression. More studies focusing on pregnant women in a range of social contexts, and considering both exposure and access to green space, are warranted to determine the relationships between green space and antenatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Nichani
- Section of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Kim Dirks
- Section of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Bruce Burns
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Amy Bird
- Centre for Longitudinal Research he Ara ki Mua, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Cameron Grant
- Centre for Longitudinal Research he Ara ki Mua, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Department of Pediatrics: Child and Youth Health, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- General Pediatrics, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland 1023, New Zealand.
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28
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Hubert ODY, Fifanou GV, Achille EA, Brice S. Environmental education and ecotourism using termitaria research findings: A case study of Pendjari reserve, Benin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5897/jene2016.0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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