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Colman CB, Guerra A, Almagro A, de Oliveira Roque F, Rosa IMD, Fernandes GW, Oliveira PTS. Modeling the Brazilian Cerrado land use change highlights the need to account for private property sizes for biodiversity conservation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4559. [PMID: 38402243 PMCID: PMC10894285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55207-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Simulating future land use changes can be an important tool to support decision-making, especially in areas that are experiencing rapid anthropogenic pressure, such as the Cerrado-Brazilian savanna. Here we used a spatially-explicit model to identify the main drivers of native vegetation loss in the Cerrado and then extrapolate this loss for 2050 and 2070. We also analyzed the role of property size in complex Brazilian environmental laws in determining different outcomes of these projections. Our results show that distance to rivers, roads, and cities, agricultural potential, permanent and annual crop agriculture, and cattle led to observed/historical loss of vegetation, while protected areas prevented such loss. Assuming full adoption of the current Forest Code, the Cerrado may lose 26.5 million ha (± 11.8 95% C.I.) of native vegetation by 2050 and 30.6 million ha (± 12.8 95% C.I.) by 2070, and this loss shall occur mainly within large properties. In terms of reconciling conservation and agricultural production, we recommend that public policies focus primarily on large farms, such as protecting 30% of the area of properties larger than 2500 ha, which would avoid a loss of more than 4.1 million hectares of native vegetation, corresponding to 13% of the predicted loss by 2070.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Barbosa Colman
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, CxP 549, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Angélica Guerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Instituto Terra Brasilis de Desenvolvimento Socioambiental (ITB), Brasília, Brazil
| | - André Almagro
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, CxP 549, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Fabio de Oliveira Roque
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
- Knowledge Center for Biodiversity -Brazil, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Isabel M D Rosa
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2DG, UK
| | - Geraldo Wilson Fernandes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Brazilian Knowledge Center on Biodiversity, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Paulo Tarso S Oliveira
- Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Urbanism, and Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, CxP 549, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil.
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Serafim ME, Mendes IC, Wu J, Ono FB, Zancanaro L, Valendorff JDP, Zeviani WM, Pierangeli MAP, Fan M, Lal R. Soil physicochemical and biological properties in soybean areas under no-till Systems in the Brazilian Cerrado. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 862:160674. [PMID: 36493825 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
No-till (NT) as a conservation practice aims to minimize soil disturbance and enhance soil sustainability. However, how NT practice affects soil physicochemical and biological properties in soybean areas remains unclear. This study selected 65 high-yielding soybean farms under a long-term NT system in the Brazilian Cerrado and collected soil samples at 0.0-0.10 m (L1), 0.10-0.20 m (L2) and 0.20-0.40 m (L3) depths. The effect of NT on soil properties and interactions with soybean productivities were assessed. Results showed that the average soybean yield of the study areas in the last three years was 4.13 Mg ha-1, with 26 areas presenting yields over 4.20 Mg ha-1. Most studied soil properties showed a depth stratification and were strongly concentrated in L1, except for S, Al3+ and aluminum saturation, which displayed lower surface and higher subsurface concentrations. Moreover, a high proportion of SOM is composed of light SOM fraction in areas of high soybean yield, with the average SOM values of 39.9, 27.8 and 19.6 g kg-1 in L1, L2 and L3, respectively. Soils under long-term NT present moderate values of enzyme activity compared with the relatively low values under conventional tillage system, especially 94 % of the plots have moderate values of activity of arylsulfatase enzymes. The data presented support the conclusion that NT system can enhance soil fertility and biological quality in soybean cultivation. Our results suggest that it is necessary to adopt NT practice because it allows increasing soybean productivity in Brazil without the need to increase the sown area, in addition to increasing productivity associated with an improvement in the agroecosystem quality, thus moving toward a more sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milson Evaldo Serafim
- Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Technology de Mato grosso, Avenida Europa, n° 3000, Vila Real/Distrito Industrial, 78201-382 Cáceres, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Jingtao Wu
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | | | | | | | - Walmes Marques Zeviani
- Department of Statistics, Federal University of Paraná, R. Evaristo F. Ferreira da Costa, 393 Jardim das Americas, 81531-980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Manman Fan
- School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China.
| | - Rattan Lal
- Carbon Management and Sequestration Center (CMASC), The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
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Rudke A, Xavier A, Martins L, Freitas E, Uvo C, Hallak R, Souza R, Andreoli R, de Almeida Albuquerque T, Martins J. Landscape changes over 30 years of intense economic activity in the upper Paraná River basin. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Benvindo-Souza M, Hosokawa AV, Dos Santos CGA, de Assis RA, Pedroso TMA, Borges RE, Pacheco SM, de Souza Santos LR, de Melo E Silva D. Evaluation of genotoxicity in bat species found on agricultural landscapes of the Cerrado savanna, central Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118579. [PMID: 34843846 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Habitat loss and fragmentation together represent the most significant threat to the world's biodiversity. In order to guarantee the survival of this diversity, the monitoring of bioindicators can provide important insights into the health of a natural environment. In this context, we used the comet assay and micronucleus test to evaluate the genotoxic susceptibility of 126 bats of eight species captured in soybean and sugarcane plantation areas, together with a control area (conservation unit) in the Cerrado savanna of central Brazil. No significant differences were found between the specimens captured in the sugarcane and control areas in the frequency of micronuclei and DNA damage (comet assay). However, the omnivore Phyllostomus hastatus had a higher frequency of nuclear abnormalities than the frugivore Carollia perspicillata in the sugarcane area. Insectivorous and frugivorous bats presented a higher frequency of genotoxic damage than the nectarivores in the soybean area. In general, DNA damage and micronuclei were significantly more frequent in agricultural environments than in the control area. While agricultural development is an economic necessity in developing countries, the impacts on the natural landscape may result in genotoxic damage to the local fauna, such as bats. Over the medium to long term, then DNA damage may have an increasingly negative impact on the wellbeing of the local species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74.690-900, Brazil; Laboratory of Ecotoxicologia e Sistemática Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
| | - Akemi Vieira Hosokawa
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Cirley Gomes Araújo Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Rhayane Alves de Assis
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicologia e Sistemática Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil; Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Josédo Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15.054-000, Brazil
| | - Thays Millena Alves Pedroso
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Rinneu Elias Borges
- Laboratory of Zoology, Universidade de Rio Verde, UniRV, Fazenda Fontes do Saber, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Susi Missel Pacheco
- Research Department, Instituto Sauver, Rua Dr. Paulo Franco dos Reis 40. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP 90.480-090, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicologia e Sistemática Animal, Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Km 01, Zona Rural, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75.901-970, Brazil.
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, ICB I - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74.690-900, Brazil
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de Souza LC, Procópio L. The profile of the soil microbiota in the Cerrado is influenced by land use. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4791-4803. [PMID: 34061229 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Extensive areas of the Cerrado biome have been deforested by the rapid advance of agricultural frontiers, especially by agricultural monocultures, and cultivated pastures. The objective of this study was to characterize the soil microbial community of an environment without anthropogenic interference and to compare it with soybean soil and pasture areas. For that, metagenomic sequencing techniques of the 16S rRNA gene were employed. Consistent changes in the profiles of diversity and abundance were described between communities in relation to the type of soil. The soil microbiome of the native environment was influenced by the pH level and content of Al3+, whereas the soil microbiomes cultivated with soybean and pasture were associated with the levels of nutrients N and P and the ions Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively. The analysis of bacterial communities in the soil of the native environment showed a high abundance of members of the Proteobacteria phylum, with emphasis on the Bradyrhizobium and Burkholderia genera. In addition, significant levels of species of the Bacillus genus, and Dyella ginsengisoli, and Edaphobacter aggregans of the Acidobacteria phylum were detected. In the soil community with soybean cultivation, there was a predominance of Proteobacteria, mainly of the Sphingobium and Sphingomonas genera. In the pasture, the soil microbiota was dominated by the Firmicutes, which was almost entirely represented by the Bacillus genus. These results suggest an adaptation of the bacterial community to the soybean and pasture cultivations and will support understanding how environmental and anthropogenic factors shape the soil microbial community. KEY POINTS: • The Cerrado soil microbiota is sensitive to impacts on the biome. • Microbial communities have been altered at all taxonomic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Conceição de Souza
- Faculty of Geosciences (FAGEO), Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
| | - Luciano Procópio
- Industrial Microbiology and Bioremediation Department, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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da Cunha ER, Santos CAG, da Silva RM, Bacani VM, Teodoro PE, Panachuki E, de Souza Oliveira N. Mapping LULC types in the Cerrado-Atlantic Forest ecotone region using a Landsat time series and object-based image approach: A case study of the Prata River Basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:136. [PMID: 31980935 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last 30 years, the growth of the agriculture and livestock industries in the Cerrado biome has caused severe changes in land use and land cover (LULC), and areas previously occupied by native vegetation are changing to agricultural monocultures (e.g., soybean or corn) and/or pastures. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the LULC changes for the years 1986, 1999, 2007, and 2016 based on Landsat time series and object-based image analysis (OBIA) for the Prata River Basin. Twelve LULC classes were mapped: riparian forest, cerrado, swampy grasslands, wetlands, semideciduous forest, pasture, agriculture, fallow agricultural land, barren land, eucalyptus, water bodies, and burnt area. The classifications presented results with an overall accuracy of more than 93% and a kappa coefficient of 0.92. In 2007, the pasture class had the highest increase in area (48.5%), with a total area of 118.32 km2 of Cerrado biome vegetation converted to pasture, and the classes banhado, riparian forest, swampy grasslands, and cerrado had the greatest reductions in area (41.58%, 29.67%, 25.44%, and 21.63%, respectively). More precisely, the wetlands class underwent the greatest decrease under the advancement of pasture in the studied period (- 36.2%). These changes are due to factors favorable to agropastoral practices, such as a flat relief and soil with good agricultural suitability. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Rodrigues da Cunha
- Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Vitor Matheus Bacani
- Department of Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Teodoro
- Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Chapadão do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elói Panachuki
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Naelmo de Souza Oliveira
- Department of Agronomy, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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