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Huang Y, Zhang L, Ainiwan D, Alifu X, Cheng H, Qiu Y, Zhou H, Liu H, Yu Y. Breastfeeding, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Size at Birth and Overweight/Obesity in Early Childhood. Nutrients 2024; 16:1351. [PMID: 38732598 PMCID: PMC11085597 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding appears to reduce the risk of childhood overweight/obesity. However, it remains unclear whether this protective effect persists among high-risk populations. This study aims to investigate the association of breastfeeding with the risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood and whether this association is altered by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or size at birth. Methods: Feeding practices during the first 12 months of age and weight and length at 12-36 months of age were collected. Full breastfeeding includes exclusive and predominant breastfeeding. Children with body mass index (BMI) values greater than 1 standard deviation from the mean of sex- and age-specific BMI were classified as overweight/obese. Multiple generalized estimating equations models were applied to analyze the associations of full breastfeeding duration with overweight/obesity risk. Results: Among all participants (n = 9329), infants with a longer full-breastfeeding duration had a reduced risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood compared with those breastfed for less than one month. Infants exposed to GDM and those born large for gestational age (LGA) had a higher risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood. Among infants of mothers with GDM (n = 1748), infants with full breastfeeding for greater than 6 months (aOR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.78) showed a decreased risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood compared with those breastfed for less than one month. Among LGA infants (n = 1279), infants with full breastfeeding for 3-5 months (aOR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.76) and greater than 6 months (aOR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.88) showed a decreased risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood. Similar results were observed among LGA infants of mothers with GDM. Conclusions: Initiating and prolonging breastfeeding would reduce the risk of overweight/obesity in early childhood, and LGA infants and infants born to mothers with GDM would experience greater benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Huang
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Libi Zhang
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Diliyaer Ainiwan
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xialidan Alifu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haoyue Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiwen Qiu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Haibo Zhou
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China;
| | - Yunxian Yu
- Department of Public Health and Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; (Y.H.); (L.Z.); (D.A.); (X.A.); (H.C.); (Y.Q.); (H.Z.)
- Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Mosquera PS, Lourenço BH, Matijasevich A, Castro MC, Cardoso MA. Prevalence and predictors of breastfeeding in the MINA-Brazil cohort. Rev Saude Publica 2024; 57Suppl 2:2s. [PMID: 38422331 PMCID: PMC10897961 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057005563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and factors associated with exclusive (EBF) and continued breastfeeding (BF) practices among Amazonian children. METHODS Data from 1,143 mother-child pairs recorded on the Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition in Acre (MINA-Brazil) birth cohort were used. Information on EBF and BF was collected after childbirth (July 2015-June 2016) and during the follow-up visits at 1 and 6 months postpartum, 1, 2, and 5 years of age. For longitudinal analysis, the outcomes were EBF and BF duration. Probability of breastfeeding practices were estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Associations between baseline predictors variables and outcomes among children born at term were assessed by extended Cox regression models. RESULTS EBF frequencies (95% confidence interval [95%CI]) at 3 and 6 months of age were 33% (95%CI: 30.2-36.0) and 10.8% (95%CI: 8.9-12.9), respectively. Adjusted hazard ratio for predictors of early EBF cessation were: being a first-time mother = 1.47 (95%CI: 1.19-1.80), feeding newborns with prelacteals = 1.70 (95%CI: 1.23-2.36), pacifier use in the first week of life = 1.79 (95%CI: 1.44-2.23) or diarrhea in the first two weeks of life = 1.70 (95%CI: 1.15-2.52). Continued BF frequency was 67.9% (95%CI: 64.9-70.8), 29.3% (95%CI: 26.4-32.4), and 1.7% (95%CI: 0.9-2.8) at 1, 2 and 5 years of age, respectively. Adjusted hazard ratio for predictors of early BF cessation were: male sex = 1.23 (95%CI: 1.01-1.49), pacifier use in the first week of life = 4.66 (95%CI: 2.99-7.26), and EBF less than 3 months = 2.76 (95%CI: 1.64-4.66). CONCLUSIONS EBF and continued BF duration among Amazonian children is considerably shorter than recommendations from the World Health Organization. Significant predictors of breastfeeding practices should be considered for evaluating local strategies to achieve optimal breastfeeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola S. Mosquera
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaDepartamento de NutriçãoSão PauloBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Bárbara H. Lourenço
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaDepartamento de NutriçãoSão PauloBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Alicia Matijasevich
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de MedicinaDepartamento de Medicina PreventivaSão PauloBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva. São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marcia C. Castro
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public HealthDepartment of Global Health and PopulationBostonMAEstados UnidosHarvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Department of Global Health and Population. Boston, MA, Estados Unidos.
| | - Marly A. Cardoso
- Universidade de São PauloFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaDepartamento de NutriçãoSão PauloBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Saúde Pública. Departamento de Nutrição. São Paulo, Brasil
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Abrmanová M, Brabcová I, Tóthová V, Červený M. Social predictors of breastfeeding and the impact of interventions on breastfeeding of preterm infants: A longitudinal study. Eur J Midwifery 2023; 7:44. [PMID: 38125554 PMCID: PMC10731748 DOI: 10.18332/ejm/174125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The multifaceted benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants include enhanced neurodevelopment and immune function in preterm infants. However, more research is needed to understand the unique factors affecting breastfeeding practices in preterm infants. This study aimed to identify key social predictors of breastfeeding in preterm infants and assess the effectiveness of specific interventions on their feeding practices during the first six months postpartum. METHODS A prospective, monocentric, longitudinal study involving a cohort of 201 preterm infants was executed at the Neonatology Department, Ceske Budejovice Hospital, Czech Republic, from January 2020 to January 2023. The STROBE guidelines were used. RESULTS The study results elucidated a transition from breastfeeding to bottle feeding and formula within the infants' first six months. Notable social predictors of breastfeeding encompassed factors such as the number of children in the household, the mother's marital status, and the nature of housing. Certain interventions, including immediate skin-to-skin contact between mother and child, and initiation of nutritive feeding within the first half-hour post-birth, significantly influenced the probability of breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS The data underscored that social predictors and nursing interventions substantially shape the breastfeeding practices of preterm infants during the first six months postpartum. Inequities in health outcomes among premature infants can be effectively curbed through comprehensive care models that account for socioeconomic factors influencing breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Abrmanová
- Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Česke Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Brabcová
- Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Česke Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Valérie Tóthová
- Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Česke Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Červený
- Institute of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Care, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Česke Budějovice, Czech Republic
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Zhan XL, Pan N, Karatela S, Shi L, Wang X, Liu ZY, Jing J, Li XH, Cai L, Lin LZ. Infant feeding practices and autism spectrum disorder in US children aged 2-5 years: the national survey of children's health (NSCH) 2016-2020. Int Breastfeed J 2023; 18:41. [PMID: 37568201 PMCID: PMC10422796 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-023-00580-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between infant feeding practices and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among children aged 2-5 years in the United States (US). METHODS Data from the 2016-2020 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey, were utilized for this study. Questionnaires were administered to parents of children aged 2-5 years to gather information on ASD diagnosis, infant feeding practices, and demographic factors (e.g., child sex, ethnic group, and maternal age at birth). Logistic regression with sample weights was employed to assess the association between infant feeding practices and ASD, while controlling for demographic variables. Polynomial regression models were used to examine trends in exclusive breastfeeding and ever breastfeeding rates among children with and without ASD. RESULTS A total of 35,050 children aged 2-5 years were analyzed, including 616 diagnosed with ASD, after excluding participants with missing information on breastfeeding and ASD diagnosis. Of these children with ASD, 76.6% (n = 472) had a breastfeeding history, with 67.5% (n = 416) engaged in partial breastfeeding and 9.1% (n = 56) exclusively breastfed. Adjusted odds ratios for each additional month of breastfeeding compared to never being breastfed were 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96-1.01). The adjusted odds ratios for breastfeeding durations of > 0-6 months, > 6-12 months, > 12-24 months, and > 24 months were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.50-1.31), 0.65 (95% CI, 0.36-1.18), 0.81 (95% CI, 0.44-1.49), and 0.48 (95% CI, 0.23-1.01), respectively. Compared to children who were never breastfed, the adjusted odds ratio for children who were ever breastfed was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.47-1.18). Among children with ASD, the proportion of ever breastfeeding declined from 82.0% in 2017 to 64.3% in 2020, while exclusive breastfeeding decreased from 12.0% in 2016 to 4.2% in 2020. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Although no significant association was found between infant feeding practices and ASD among US children aged 2-5 years, the rates of breastfeeding, particularly exclusive breastfeeding, were suboptimal among children with ASD. This highlights the need for specific policies and practices to promote and support breastfeeding among parents of children with ASD or those at high risk of having a child with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ling Zhan
- Research Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shamshad Karatela
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine (AITHM), James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Lei Shi
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, 510631, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Research Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Li
- Research Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Cai
- Research Center of Children and Adolescent Psychological and Behavioral Development, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuexiu District, 510080, Guangzhou, China.
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Lima Dos Santos SP, Azulay Chertok I, Haile ZT. Influence of the Quality of Antenatal Care on Early Breastfeeding Initiation and Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Haitian Women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2023; 52:296-308. [PMID: 37178711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the influence of the quality of antenatal care on early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding among Haitian women. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional household survey. SETTING Haiti Demographic and Health Survey, 2016 to 2017. PARTICIPANTS Women (N = 2,489) who were 15 to 49 years of age with children younger than 24 months of age. METHODS We used multivariable adjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the independent associations between quality of antenatal care and early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding. RESULTS The prevalence of early breastfeeding initiation and exclusive breastfeeding were 47.7% and 39.9%, respectively. Approximately 76.0% of the participants received intermediate antenatal care. The odds of early breastfeeding initiation were greater among participants who received antenatal care of intermediate quality than among those who did not receive antenatal care, adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.13, 2.20]. Additionally, maternal age of 35 to 49 years (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.10, 2.12]) was positively associated with early breastfeeding initiation. Factors negatively associated with early breastfeeding initiation were cesarean birth (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI [0.12, 0.42]), birth at home (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI [0.34, 0.96]), and birth in a private facility (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.34, 0.96]). Factors negatively associated with exclusive breastfeeding were employment (AOR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.36, 0.90]) and birth in a private facility (AOR = 0.21, 95% CI [0.08, 0.52]). CONCLUSION Antenatal care of intermediate quality was positively associated with early breastfeeding initiation among women in Haiti, which highlights the influence that care during pregnancy can have on breastfeeding outcomes.
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Nejsum FM, Måstrup R, Torp-Pedersen C, Løkkegaard ECL, Wiingreen R, Hansen BM. Exclusive breastfeeding: Relation to gestational age, birth weight, and early neonatal ward admission. A nationwide cohort study of children born after 35 weeks of gestation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285476. [PMID: 37224110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prematurity, being small for gestational age and early neonatal ward admission are the major neonatal conditions that may interfere with breastfeeding supportive practices in infants born at gestational age ≥35+0 weeks. We aimed to investigate the associations between gestational age, small for gestational age, early neonatal ward admission and exclusive breastfeeding at one and four months. METHODS A register-based cohort-study of all Danish singletons with gestational age ≥35+0 weeks born in 2014-2015. In Denmark, health visitors routinely conduct free home visits throughout infants' first year and thereby report breastfeeding data to The Danish National Child Health Register. These data were linked with data from other national registers. Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratio for exclusive breastfeeding at one and four months, adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS The study population comprised 106,670 infants. Compared to gestational age 40 weeks, the adjusted odds ratio for exclusive breastfeeding at one month showed a decreasing tendency from gestational age ≥42 (n = 2,282) (1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.17) to 36 weeks (n = 2,062) (0.80; 95% CI 0.73-0.88). Small for gestational age (n = 2,342) was associated with decreased adjusted odds ratio for exclusive breastfeeding at one month (0.84; 95% CI 0.77-0.92). Neonatal ward admission was associated with increased adjusted odds ratio for exclusive breastfeeding at one month among late preterm infants (gestational age 35-36 weeks; n = 3,139) (1.31; 95% CI 1.12-1.54), as opposed to among early term (gestational age 37-38 weeks; n = 19,171) (0.84; 95% CI 0.77-0.92) and term infants (gestational age >38 weeks; n = 84,360) (0.89; 95% CI 0.83-0.94). The associations seemed to persist at four months. CONCLUSIONS Decreasing gestational age and small for gestational age were associated with decreased exclusive breastfeeding rates. Neonatal ward admission was associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding rates among late preterm infants, whereas the opposite was observed among early term and term infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freja Marie Nejsum
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Ragnhild Måstrup
- Department of Neonatology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Torp-Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen Christine Leth Løkkegaard
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Wiingreen
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Mølholm Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mosli RH. Early feeding practices and body mass index z-score among Saudi preschoolers: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:609. [PMID: 36266622 PMCID: PMC9585734 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Feeding practices during early years may have long-lasting influences on eating behaviors, growth patterns and body mass index (BMI) trajectory. The objectives of this study were to characterize early feeding practices among mothers in Saudi Arabia and examine their associations with child birthweight and BMI z-score (BMIz) at preschool. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 209 mother-child dyads who were recruited from different preschools around the city of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Mothers completed the study questionnaire over the telephone and preschoolers’ anthropometric measurements were objectively measured using standardized procedures. Primary predictors included variables pertaining to breastfeeding initiation, breastfeeding duration, formula milk introduction, complementary feeding, and offering fruit juice, date syrup-milk mixture, and soda drinks in a baby bottle. The study’s primary outcome was BMIz at preschool. Mothers reported child’s birthweight and sociodemographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize early feeding practices. Bivariate analyses and linear regression analysis were used to examine the association of early feeding practices with child birthweight and BMIz at preschool. Results: About half of the mothers reported that they have offered fruit juice and/or date syrup-milk mixture in a baby bottle (52.2% and 45.9% respectively), with an average duration of 11.5 months (SD = 7.73) and 5.90 months (SD = 6.13), respectively. Children who were offered fruit juice and/or date syrup-milk mixture in a baby bottle had significantly lower birthweights compared to children who were not (M = 2.79, SD = 0.59 vs. M = 3.06, SD = 0.69, P < 0.01 and M = 2.79, SD = 0.67 vs. M = 3.03, SD = 0.62, P < 0.01, respectively). There was a negative association between introducing fruit juice in a baby bottle and child BMIz at preschool (β: -0.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.83, -0.11); This association was not significant after adjusting for child birthweight and other covariates (β: -0.10, 95% CI: -0.64, 0.09). Conclusion: A large proportion of mothers reported offering fruit juice and date syrup-milk mixture in a baby bottle. Additional research is needed to understand associations with child birthweight and BMIz. Longitudinal and interventions studies can help inform counseling guidelines and community campaigns in order to improve early feeding practices in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana H Mosli
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Strow CW, Strow BK. Seasonal differences in breastfeeding in the United States: a secondary analysis of longitudinal survey data. Int Breastfeed J 2022; 17:51. [PMID: 35799249 PMCID: PMC9261048 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-022-00479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both the consumption of breastmilk in infancy and a person's season of birth influences his or her health, educational, professional, and behavioral outcomes. Further, season of birth effects differ by sex. However, current research, for the most part, neglects to examine if season of birth and breastfeeding are related. This paper examines the impact of sex-based variations in season of birth on breastfeeding likelihood and duration in the U.S. METHODS Using data from children born to female respondents of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (born between 1970 and 2012), this study examines with Probit, Negative Binomial, and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regressions if a child's season of birth and sex are correlated with breastfeeding incidence and duration. The breastfeeding incidence and duration data are self-reported by the mother. RESULTS Season of birth has a small but statistically significant impact on the incidence and duration of breastfeeding, which varies depending on the sex of the infant. Mothers giving birth to sons in the spring are 13.5% less likely to breastfeed than those giving birth to sons in the winter (with a p - value of 0.0269). Mothers with daughters born in the summer or fall (autumn) breastfeed slightly longer than mothers with daughters born in the spring. On average, mothers of summer-born daughters breastfeed 4.1% longer (with a 95% confidence interval of 0.3 - 7.8) and those with fall-born daughters 3.8% longer (with a 95% confidence interval of 0 - 7.5). Mothers giving birth to daughters in the spring are also significantly less likely to reach the breastfeeding six-week duration target (compared to fall and winter births) and the one-year duration target (compared to fall births). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the costs and benefits of breastfeeding an infant vary with the season of birth and the sex of the child. This finding could explain some of the season of birth effects previously identified in the literature. Further, policymakers seeking to increase breastfeeding rates should consider the reduced breastfeeding rates and durations for children born in the spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia W Strow
- Rinker School of Business, Palm Beach Atlantic University, Florida, USA.
| | - Brian K Strow
- Rinker School of Business, Palm Beach Atlantic University, Florida, USA
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Chaparro MP, Anderson CE. Differences in Early Childhood Dietary Behaviors by Infant Feeding Type and Sex. J Nutr 2021; 151:2001-2009. [PMID: 33847341 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type of infant feeding has been linked to later nutritional outcomes, including dietary diversity and obesity in childhood. Little is known about how introduction to complementary feeding and diet quality in early childhood vary by infant feeding type and sex. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to investigate whether early childhood dietary patterns vary by infant feeding type and sex. METHODS Data from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) Infants and Toddler Feeding Practices Study 2 (ITFPS-2) was used, including children with complete information on the WIC infant food package received at ages 1, 7, and 11 mo (N = 2839). Based on this information, children were grouped as fully breastfed, mostly breastfed, mostly formula fed, and fully formula fed. Outcomes include introduction of complementary foods; caloric intake aged between 1 and 36 mo; and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 between 13 and 36 mo. Mixed models were used adjusting for child's, mother's, and family's sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Across all infant feeding groups, the mean age of introduction to any solids was before the age of 6 mo; fully breastfed children were introduced to complementary foods closer to the recommended age (mean 5.1-5.2 mo) compared with other feeding groups (mean 4.6-4.8 mo). Fully formula fed infants consumed significantly more energy than fully breastfed infants at ages 1 mo (boys = 55 kcal/d, girls = 47 kcal/d), 12 mo (boys = 68 kcal/d, girls = 59 kcal/d), 24 mo (boys = 81 kcal/d, girls = 71 kcal/d), and 36 mo (boys = 95 kcal/d, girls = 83 kcal/d). No meaningful differences were observed for HEI-2015 between infant feeding groups or child sex, with average scores of HEI-2015 for all children being 61-63 out of 100. CONCLUSION Early childhood dietary patterns were slightly better among children who were fully breastfed as infants, compared with children in other infant feeding groups. The diets of all WIC-participating children could be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pia Chaparro
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Christopher E Anderson
- Division of Research and Evaluation, Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, Irwindale, CA, USA
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10
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Laine MK, Kautiainen H, Gissler M, Pennanen P, Eriksson JG. Impact of gestational diabetes mellitus on the duration of breastfeeding in primiparous women: an observational cohort study. Int Breastfeed J 2021; 16:19. [PMID: 33593367 PMCID: PMC7885226 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-021-00369-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the duration of breastfeeding varies between shortening and no impact. Breastfeeding seems to reduce both maternal and offspring risk for type 2 diabetes and offspring risk for overweight or obesity later in life. The aim of our study was to evaluate in primiparous women whether GDM had an influence on the duration of breastfeeding, and further, to evaluate the factors that influenced on the duration of breastfeeding. Methods The study cohort (N = 1089) consisted of all primiparous women with a Finnish background excluding women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus who lived in the city of Vantaa, Finland, gave birth to a singleton living child between 2009 and 2015, and with valid data on breastfeeding available. The diagnosis of GDM was based on a standard 75 g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test. Data were obtained from Finnish national registers and from the medical records of the city of Vantaa. Results No differences were observed in the duration of breastfeeding between women diagnosed with GDM and without GDM, 7.5 (Standard Deviation [SD] 3.7) months versus 7.9 (SD 3.5) months (p = 0.17). Women diagnosed with GDM breastfed boys for a longer duration than girls (maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, marital status, educational attainment, duration of pregnancy, and smoking habits adjusted p = 0.042). Women who breastfed < 6 months were younger, were more likely smokers, had shorter education, and higher pre-pregnancy body mass index than women who breastfed over 6 months (p < 0.001 for linearity). Conclusions In primiparous women GDM did not influence breastfeeding duration. The positive health effects of breastfeeding should be emphasized especially in young, overweight and less educated women in order to minimize the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes for themselves and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja K Laine
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. .,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Gissler
- Information Services Department Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.,National University Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Human Potential Translational Research programme and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SCIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Kronborg H, Foverskov E. Multifactorial influence on duration of exclusive breastfeeding; a Danish cohort study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238363. [PMID: 32870906 PMCID: PMC7462295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifactorial aspects of breastfeeding require measures at many levels to identify mothers in need of breastfeeding support from healthcare professionals. Our objective was to examine the relative importance of sociodemographic, pre/perinatal-, infant-, psychosocial-, and interaction-related factors affecting duration of exclusive breastfeeding. We used self-reported data from a community-based trial including 1265 women (response rate 49%) giving birth from January 2017 to February 2018. Data on outcome, duration of exclusive breastfeeding, were collected three and nine months postpartum; data on the study variables concerning known risk factors for breastfeeding cessation were collected two weeks postpartum. Crude and multiple Cox proportional hazards models were used for statistical analyses with additional analyses for time varying effects. Factors with an independent prognostic influence on duration of exclusive breastfeeding in fully adjusted models included early skin-to-skin contact (HR = 1.18 CI:1.04–1.33), intention to breastfeed (HR = 0.77 CI: 0.73–0.80), positive outcome evaluation, meaning the value mothers attributed to breastfeeding (HR = 1.33 CI: 1.08–1.63), higher level of self-efficacy (HR = 1.46 CI: 1.24–1.72), and maternal sense of security in relation to breastfeeding (HR = 1.31 CI: 1.14–1.50). Higher maternal BMI, lower self-efficacy, shorter breastfeeding duration of previous child, and hospitalization during birth were time dependent by affecting the exclusive breastfeeding duration primarily in the first months following birth. The results suggest that target groups in special need of early breastfeeding support are defined by being hospitalized, obese, having low self-efficacy or short previous breastfeeding experience. The extensive influence of psychosocial factors emphasizes the importance of including both practical facilitating guidance and positive verbal encouragement to ensure effective breastfeeding support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Kronborg
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Else Foverskov
- Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Jones JD, Beijers R, Fraley RC, Gross JT, Cassidy J, de Weerth C. Mothers' Attachment Style as a Predictor of Breastfeeding and Room-Sharing Practices. J Pediatr Psychol 2020; 45:654-662. [PMID: 32403128 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prospectively assess breastfeeding and room-sharing practices during the infant's first 6 months and investigate whether mothers' own adult attachment style predicts the initiation and course of these recommended parenting behaviors. METHOD This study included 193 mother-infant dyads living in the Netherlands. Diary methodology was used to generate 27 weekly measures of breastfeeding and room-sharing during the infant's first 6 months. Multilevel mixed effects models were used to examine trajectories of breastfeeding and room-sharing and to test whether mothers' own adult attachment style predicted the initiation and course of these behaviors, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Most (86%) mothers initiated breastfeeding immediately after birth and the rates of breastfeeding declined steadily over the 6 months (b = -2.47, SE = 0.19, p < .001). Mothers with higher attachment avoidance showed faster decreases in breastfeeding than less avoidant mothers (b = -1.07, SE = 0.21, p < .001). Sixty-four percent of mothers engaged in room-sharing after birth which also decreased steadily over the 6 months (b = -3.51, SE = 0.21, p < .001). Mothers' attachment style did not predict the initiation or course of room-sharing. CONCLUSIONS Given the major implications of breastfeeding and room-sharing for infants' health, safety, and development, the pediatrics community has issued clear guidelines encouraging these behaviors. Yet many new parents do not adhere to the recommended practices. This study identifies mothers' adult attachment style as a predictor of breastfeeding over time that could be incorporated into interventions for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D Jones
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
| | - Roseriet Beijers
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
| | - R Chris Fraley
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | | | - Jude Cassidy
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland-College Park
| | - Carolina de Weerth
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center
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13
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Anderson CE, Whaley SE, Crespi CM, Wang MC, Chaparro MP. Every month matters: longitudinal associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration, child growth and obesity among WIC-participating children. J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:785-791. [PMID: 32611693 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2019-213574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has found breastfeeding to be protective of obesity; however, this link remains contentious. We examined longitudinal associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration, growth trajectories and obesity at 4 years among children participating in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC), and whether these associations differed in the context of the 2009 WIC food package change, implemented to improve alignment with dietary guidelines and promote breastfeeding. METHODS Longitudinal data from 260 935 WIC-participating children in Los Angeles County, California, 2003-2016, were used to assess the relationship between duration of receipt of the fully breastfeeding package (an exclusive breastfeeding proxy) with childhood growth and obesity using mixed effects and Poisson regression models. RESULTS Children exclusively breastfed for longer duration had healthier growth trajectories and lower obesity risk at age 4. Compared with infants with no fully breastfeeding package receipt, any receipt (a breastfeeding initiation proxy) was associated with reduced obesity risk. Obesity risk was lowest for boys and girls exclusively breastfed for 7 (risk ratio (RR)=0.73, 95% CI=0.64 to 0.82) and 13 months (RR=0.63, 95% CI=0.58 to 0.69), respectively. Exclusive breastfeeding duration increased, but associations between exclusive breastfeeding duration and growth and obesity were not modified, following the 2009 WIC food package change. CONCLUSION Increased duration of exclusive breastfeeding was associated with reduced obesity risk. The greatest incremental benefit was observed going from none to any exclusive breastfeeding, and the maximum cumulative benefit was among children receiving the fully breastfeeding package for more than 6 months. Breastfeeding promotion in WIC remains important for obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E Anderson
- Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Public Health Foundation Enterprises-Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (PHFE-WIC), Irwindale, California, USA
| | - Shannon E Whaley
- Public Health Foundation Enterprises-Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (PHFE-WIC), Irwindale, California, USA
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- Biostatistics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - May C Wang
- Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M Pia Chaparro
- Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, California, USA
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14
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Association between duration of breastfeeding based on maternal reports and dorsal and ventral striatum and medial orbital gyrus volumes in early adolescence. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117083. [PMID: 32593803 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal breastfeeding has an impact on motor and emotional development in children of the next generation. Elucidating how breastfeeding during infancy affects brain regional structural development in early adolescence will be helpful for promoting healthy development. However, previous studies that have shown relationships between breastfeeding during infancy and cortical brain regions in adolescence are usually based on maternal retrospective recall of breastfeeding, and the accuracy of the data is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between breastfeeding duration and brain regional volume in a population-neuroimaging study of early adolescents in Japan (N = 207; 10.5-13.4 years) using voxel-based morphometry, which enabled us to analyze the whole brain. We evaluated breastfeeding duration as indexed by maternal and child health handbook records during infancy. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the duration of breastfeeding and gray matter volume in the dorsal and ventral striatum and the medial orbital gyrus. Post hoc exploratory analyses revealed that the duration of breastfeeding was significantly correlated with emotional behavior. Additionally, the volume in the medial orbital gyrus mediated an association between breastfeeding duration and emotional behavior. This is the first study to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding during infancy on regional brain volumes in early adolescence based on maternal and child health handbook records. Our findings shed light upon the importance of maternal breastfeeding for brain development related to emotional and motivational processing in early adolescence.
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15
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Silva LAT, Fonseca VM, Oliveira MICD, Silva KSD, Ramos EG, Gama SGND. Professional who attended childbirth and breastfeeding in the first hour of life. Rev Bras Enferm 2020; 73:e20180448. [PMID: 32074234 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between the professionals who attended vaginal delivery and breastfeeding in the first hour of life. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Nascer no Brasil (Born in Brazil) survey, conducted in the 2011-2012 period. Data from 8,466 puerperae were analyzed using a logistic regression model with a hierarchical approach. RESULTS The proportion of mothers who breastfed at birth was higher in deliveries attended by nurses (70%). A nurse-assisted delivery was 64% more likely to breastfeed in the first hour of life. Other factors associated with the outcome: residing in the North; age less than 35 years; multiparity; prenatal guidance on breastfeeding in the first hour of life; birth at Baby-Friendly Hospital; companion at birth; and female newborn. CONCLUSIONS Obstetrician nurse/nurse-assisted delivery was a significant independent factor associated with breastfeeding in the first hour of life, suggesting the importance of strengthening the role of the obstetrician nurse.
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16
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Rutagwera DG, Molès JP, Kankasa C, Mwiya M, Tuaillon E, Peries M, Nagot N, Van de Perre P, Tylleskär T. Prevalence and determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk during continued breastfeeding among Zambian mothers not on antiretroviral treatment (ART): A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17383. [PMID: 31689745 PMCID: PMC6946397 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of postnatal HIV transmission exists throughout the breastfeeding period. HIV shedding in breast milk beyond six months has not been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk during continued breastfeedingA cross-sectional study was nested in the PROMISE-PEP trial in Lusaka, Zambia to analyze breast milk samples collected from both breasts at week 38 post-partum (mid-way during continued breastfeeding). We measured concurrent HIV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) as proxies for cell-associated HIV (CAV) and cell-free HIV (CFV) shedding in breast milk respectively. Participants' socio-demographic date, concurrent blood test results, sub clinical mastitis test results and contraceptive use data were available. Logistic regression models were used to identify determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk (detecting either CAV or CFV).The prevalence of HIV shedding in breast milk at 9 months post-partum was 79.4% (95%CI: 74.0 - 84.0). CAV only, CFV only and both CAV and CFV were detectable in 13.7%, 17.3% and 48.4% mothers, respectively. The odds of shedding HIV in breast milk decreased significantly with current use of combined oral contraceptives (AOR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.17 - 0.83) and increased significantly with low CD4 count (AOR: 3.47; 95%CI: 1.23 - 9.80), unsuppressed plasma viral load (AOR: 6.27; 95%CI: 2.47 - 15.96) and severe sub-clinical mastitis (AOR: 12.56; 95%CI: 2.48 - 63.58).This study estimated that about 80% of HIV infected mothers not on ART shed HIV in breast milk during continued breastfeeding. Major factors driving this shedding were low CD4 count, unsuppressed plasma viral load and severe sub-clinical mastitis. The inverse relationship between breast milk HIV and use of combined oral contraceptives needs further clarification. Continued shedding of CAV may contribute to residual postnatal transmission of HIV in mothers on successful ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gatsinzi Rutagwera
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement français du Sang
| | - Chipepo Kankasa
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mwiya Mwiya
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement français du Sang
- University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement français du Sang
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement français du Sang
- University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement français du Sang
- University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Chaparro MP, Anderson CE, Crespi CM, Whaley SE, Wang MC. The effect of the 2009 WIC food package change on childhood obesity varies by gender and initial weight status in Los Angeles County. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12526. [PMID: 30942561 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether the effect of the 2009 women, infants, and children (WIC) food package change on obesity outcomes varies by initial weight status and gender. METHODS Using 2003 to 2016 data from Los Angeles County, we compared growth trajectories and obesity at age 4 years among children exposed to WIC after the food package change (n = 53 075) vs children exposed before (n = 53 075). Analyses were stratified by gender and initial weight status: low weight-for-height z-score (WHZ ≤ 25th percentile), average WHZ (25th < WHZ < 75th percentile), and high WHZ (WHZ ≥ 75th percentile). Within strata, children exposed to the new vs old packages were matched on sociodemographic characteristics and compared using growth models and Poisson regression. RESULTS Mean WHZ trajectories for children exposed to the new food package, compared with the old, tended to be lower during ages 1 to 5 years. For boys, the new food package was associated with 10% to 14% lower obesity risk at age 4 years in all initial weight status strata. For girls, the new package was associated with 16% lower obesity risk at age 4 years only for those with average WHZ at baseline. CONCLUSIONS The change in WIC food packages appears to be associated with obesity prevention benefits for boys regardless of initial weight status, with more limited benefits for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pia Chaparro
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Christopher E Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Catherine M Crespi
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
| | - Shannon E Whaley
- Research and Evaluation, Public Health Foundation Enterprises (PHFE) WIC, Irwindale, California
| | - May C Wang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California
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Verd S, de Sotto D, Fernández C, Gutiérrez A. Impact of in-hospital birth weight loss on short and medium term breastfeeding outcomes. Int Breastfeed J 2018; 13:25. [PMID: 29988668 PMCID: PMC6029158 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-018-0169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The definition for lower limit of safe birthweight loss among exclusively breastfed neonates is arbitrary. Despite this, in cases of great in-hospital weight loss, breastfeeding adequacy is immediately questioned. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between weight loss at discharge from hospital, when babies are ready to go home, and eventual cessation of exclusive breastfeeding since birth. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a cohort study. Study participants were 788 full term, breastfed and stable babies, born in 2007–2012 consecutively enrolled to primary care pediatric clinics in Majorca, Spain. Data were collected by chart review. The main predictor was birthweight loss at discharge. Extreme weight loss was defined as the 90th and 95th centiles of birthweight loss for babies who were delivered by vaginal delivery and by cesarean section. Main outcomes were cessation of exclusive breastfeeding by 7, 15, 30 and 100 days of life. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to study the relationship of selected variables with exclusive breastfeeding cessation since birth. Results We observed a median weight loss of 6%. In bivariate analysis, quartiles of birthweight loss at discharge were predictive of exclusive breastfeeding cessation at 15, 30 and 100 days postpartum. In multivariate analysis: in-hospital weight loss above the median did predict exclusive breastfeeding cessation by 15, 30 and 100 days of life, Adjusted Odds Ratios (AORs) (95% Confidence Intervals [CIs]): 1.57 (1.12, 2.19), 1.73 (1.26, 2.38) and 1.69 (1.25, 2.29), respectively. In contrast, we did not find that newborn extreme weight losses were associated with exclusive breastfeeding cessation. Conclusions We report that extreme birthweight loss does not trigger immediate formula supplementation. We do not identify any cut-off values to be used as predictors for the initiation of supplementary feeding, this research question remains unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Verd
- Department of Primary Care, Balearic Health Authority, 07003 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Diego de Sotto
- 2Endocrinology Unit. Department of Paediatrics, Son Espases University Hospital, Valldemossa Road, 79, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Consuelo Fernández
- Department of Primary Care, Balearic Health Authority, 07003 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Gutiérrez
- 3Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Hematology, Son Espases University Hospital, Valldemossa Road, 79, 07010 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Kersuzan C, Tichit C, Thierry X. Les pratiques d’allaitement des immigrées et des natives en France, à partir de la cohorte Elfe. POPULATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3917/popu.1803.0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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