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Shmakova A, Tsimailo I, Kozhevnikova Y, Gérard L, Boutboul D, Oksenhendler E, Tuaillon E, Rivault A, Germini D, Vassetzky Y, Beaumelle B. HIV-1 Tat is present in the serum of people living with HIV-1 despite viral suppression. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 142:106994. [PMID: 38447753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.106994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite successful human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), individuals with HIV still face health risks, including cancers, cardiovascular and neurocognitive diseases. An HIV protein, Tat, is potentially involved in these HIV-related diseases. Previous studies demonstrated circulating Tat in the blood of untreated people with HIV. Here, we measured Tat levels in the serum of cART-treated people with HIV to examine the effect of cART on Tat production. METHODS Serum samples from 63 HIV-positive and 20 HIV-seronegative individuals were analyzed using an ELISA assay that detected Tat concentrations above 2.5 ng/mL. RESULTS Among HIV-positive individuals, the Tat level ranged from 0 to 14 ng/mL. 25.4% (16 out of 63) exceeded the 2.5 ng/mL cut-off, with a median HIV Tat level of 4.518 [3.329-8.120] ng/mL. No correlation was revealed between Tat levels and CD4+ T cell counts, serum HIV RNA, p24 antigen, or anti-Tat levels. CONCLUSIONS Despite cART, circulating HIV Tat persists and may contribute to HIV-related diseases. This emphasizes the need for further research on the mechanisms of Tat action in non-infected cells where it can penetrate upon circulation in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Shmakova
- CNRS, UMR 9018, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94800 France; Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, 119334 Russia
| | - Ivan Tsimailo
- CNRS, UMR 9018, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94800 France
| | - Yana Kozhevnikova
- CNRS, UMR 9018, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94800 France
| | - Laurence Gérard
- Service d'Immunopathologie Clinique, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, 75012 France
| | - David Boutboul
- Service d'Immunopathologie Clinique, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, 75012 France
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Service d'Immunopathologie Clinique, Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Paris, 75012 France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM U1058, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Rivault
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, Montpellier, France
| | - Diego Germini
- CNRS, UMR 9018, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94800 France
| | - Yegor Vassetzky
- CNRS, UMR 9018, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, 94800 France; Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, 119334 Russia.
| | - Bruno Beaumelle
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 9004, Montpellier, France
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Marsile-Medun S, Souchard M, Abba Moussa D, Reynaud É, Tuaillon E, Naranjo-Gomez M, Pelegrin M. Fc receptors are key discriminatory markers of granulocytes subsets in people living with HIV-1. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345422. [PMID: 38384451 PMCID: PMC10879334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Granulocytes are innate immune cells that play a key role in pathogen elimination. Recent studies revealed the diversity of granulocytes in terms of phenotype and function. In particular, a subset of granulocytes identified as low-density granulocytes (LDG) has been described in physiological conditions and with increased frequencies in several pathological contexts. However, the properties of LDG are still controversial as they vary according to the pathophysiological environment. Here we investigated the heterogeneity of granulocyte populations and the potential differences in phenotype and immunomodulatory capacity between LDG and normal density granulocytes (NDG) in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). Methods To this end, we developed an optimized method to purify LDG and NDG from a single blood sample, and performed in-depth, comparative phenotypic characterization of both granulocyte subtypes. We also assessed the impact of purification steps on the expression of cell surface markers on LDG by immunophenotyping them at different stages of isolation. Results We identified 9 cell surface markers (CD16, CD32, CD89, CD62L, CD177, CD31, CD10, CXCR4 and CD172α) differentially expressed between LDG and NDG. Noteworthy, markers that distinguish the two subsets include receptors for the Fc part of IgG (CD16, CD32) and IgA (CD89). Importantly, we also highlighted that the purification procedure affects the expression of several cell surface markers (i.e.CD63, CD66b, …) which must be taken into account when characterizing LDG. Our work sheds new light on the properties of LDG in PLWH and provides an extensive characterization of this granulocyte subset in which Fc receptors are key discriminatory markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manon Souchard
- IRMB, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Élisa Reynaud
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Zida S, Kania D, Bolloré K, Bandaogo O, Pisoni A, Dicko A, Tinto B, Traoré J, Van de Perre P, Ouédraogo HG, Tuaillon E. Leptospirosis Cases among Outpatients with Non-Malaria Fever Attending Primary Care Clinics during the Rainy Season in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:127-132. [PMID: 38011730 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is presumably an important cause of non-malarial fever in West Africa. In this study, outpatients consulting in primary care clinics during the rainy season were tested for leptospirosis, and clinical characteristics associated with leptospirosis cases were explored. Patients with fever ≥ 39°C were recruited in nine primary health care centers in Bobo Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Diagnosis of malaria was ruled out using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT; SD Bioline Malaria®). Leptospirosis cases were defined as patients who tested positive for Leptospira IgM (Leptocheck-WB RDT and Leptospira IgM ELISA assay, Panbio) or DNA in plasma (LipL32 polymerase chain reaction [PCR]). Among 350 patients, 202 tested positive for malaria and were excluded, and 148 met the eligibility criteria and were included. Among these, 26 subjects were considered to be leptospirosis cases: 23 tested positive for Leptospira IgM (15.5%) and three tested positive by PCR (2.2%). Headaches, abdominal symptoms, and myalgia were frequently reported without any difference between leptospirosis cases and negative cases. Cough was more frequently observed among subjects testing positive for leptospirosis (P = 0.02). Water exposure, presence of a skin injury, and walking barefoot were associated with a Leptospira-positive test. All leptospirosis cases recovered without sequelae. A significant portion of outpatients with non-malarial febrile illness during the rainy season in Burkina Faso had epidemiological factors associated with leptospirosis and tested positive for Leptospira. The favorable outcome of leptospirosis cases was reassuring; this could be due in particular to the young age of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Zida
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Dramane Kania
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Centre MURAZ, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ousséni Bandaogo
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Centre MURAZ, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amadou Dicko
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Centre MURAZ, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Bachirou Tinto
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Centre MURAZ, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Traoré
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Centre MURAZ, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Capelli N, Domitien Payet L, Alcocer Cordellat C, Pisoni A, Engelmann I, Van de Perre P, Jeziorski E, Tuaillon E. SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen in plasma of children hospitalized for COVID-19 or with incidental detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29358. [PMID: 38180230 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In hospitalized children, SARS-CoV-2 infection can present as either a primary reason for admission (patients admitted for COVID-19) or an incidental finding during follow-up (patients admitted with COVID-19). We conducted a nested case-control study within a cohort of pediatric patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, to investigate the concentration of plasma nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) in children admitted for COVID-19 or with COVID-19. While reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction Ct values in nasopharyngeal swab were similar between the two groups, children admitted for COVID-19 had a higher rate of detectable N-Ag (12/18 (60.7%) versus 6/18 (33.3%), p = 0.0455) and a higher concentration of N-Ag (medians: 19.51 g/mL vs. 1.08 pg/mL, p = 0.0105). In children hospitalized for COVID-19, the youngest had higher concentration of N-Ag (r = -0.74, p = 0.0004). We also observed a lower prevalence of detectable spike antibodies in children hospitalized for COVID-19 compared to those hospitalized for other medical reasons (3/15 [20%] vs. 13/16 [81.25%], respectively, p = < 0.0011), but similar rates of IgG nucleocapsid antibodies (5/14 [35.7%] vs. 6/17 [35.3%], respectively, p = 0.99). Our findings indicate that N-Ag is associated with COVID-19-related hospitalizations in pediatric patients, and less frequently detected in children tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 but hospitalized for another medical reason. Further studies are needed to confirm the value of N-Ag in identifying COVID-19 disease infections in which SARS-CoV-2 is the main pathogen responsible for symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Capelli
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Léa Domitien Payet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Carmen Alcocer Cordellat
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Ilka Engelmann
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of General Pediatrics, Infectiology and Clinical Immunology, CEREMIA, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Owens TS, Marley CJ, Calverley TA, Stacey BS, Fall L, Tsukamoto H, Iannetelli A, Filipponi T, Davies B, Jones GL, Hirtz C, Lehmann S, Tuaillon E, Marchi N, Bailey DM. Lower systemic nitric oxide bioactivity, cerebral hypoperfusion and accelerated cognitive decline in formerly concussed retired rugby union players. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1029-1046. [PMID: 37423736 PMCID: PMC10988504 DOI: 10.1113/ep091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What are the molecular, cerebrovascular and cognitive biomarkers of retired rugby union players with concussion history? What is the main finding and its importance? Retired rugby players compared with matched controls exhibited lower systemic nitric oxide bioavailability accompanied by lower middle cerebral artery velocity and mild cognitive impairment. Retired rugby players are more susceptible to accelerated cognitive decline. ABSTRACT Following retirement from sport, the chronic consequences of prior-recurrent contact are evident and retired rugby union players may be especially prone to accelerated cognitive decline. The present study sought to integrate molecular, cerebrovascular and cognitive biomarkers in retired rugby players with concussion history. Twenty retired rugby players aged 64 ± 5 years with three (interquartile range (IQR), 3) concussions incurred over 22 (IQR, 6) years were compared to 21 sex-, age-, cardiorespiratory fitness- and education-matched controls with no prior concussion history. Concussion symptoms and severity were assessed using the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool. Plasma/serum nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (reductive ozone-based chemiluminescence), neuron specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light-chain (ELISA and single molecule array) were assessed. Middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv, doppler ultrasound) and reactivity to hyper/hypocapnia (CVR CO 2 hyper ${\mathrm{CVR}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{hyper}}}$ /CVR CO 2 hypo ${\mathrm{CVR}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{hypo}}}$ ) were assessed. Cognition was determined using the Grooved Pegboard Test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Players exhibited persistent neurological symptoms of concussion (U = 109(41) , P = 0.007), with increased severity compared to controls (U = 77(41) , P < 0.001). Lower total NO bioactivity (U = 135(41) , P = 0.049) and lower basal MCAv were apparent in players (F2,39 = 9.344, P = 0.004). This was accompanied by mild cognitive impairment (P = 0.020, 95% CI, -3.95 to -0.34), including impaired fine-motor coordination (U = 141(41) , P = 0.021). Retired rugby union players with history of multiple concussions may be characterised by impaired molecular, cerebral haemodynamic and cognitive function compared to non-concussed, non-contact controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Owens
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Christopher J. Marley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Thomas A. Calverley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Benjamin S. Stacey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Lewis Fall
- Faculty of Computing, Engineering and ScienceUniversity of South WalesUK
| | | | - Angelo Iannetelli
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Teresa Filipponi
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Bruce Davies
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Gareth L. Jones
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- LBPC‐PPCUniversity of Montpellier, Institute of Regenerative Medicine‐Biotherapy IRMB, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, INSERMMontpellierFrance
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- LBPC‐PPCUniversity of Montpellier, Institute of Regenerative Medicine‐Biotherapy IRMB, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, INSERMMontpellierFrance
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- CHU Montpellier, Department of Bacteriology‐VirologyCentre University ofMontpellierFrance
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Cerebrovascular and Glia Research, Department of NeuroscienceInstitute of Functional Genomics (University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM)MontpellierFrance
| | - Damian M. Bailey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesUK
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6
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Donnadieu H, Quillet C, D'Ottavi M, Castellani J, Debellefontaine A, Guichard S, Baglioni R, Langendorfer N, Faucherre V, Hanslik B, Tuaillon E, Laureillard D, Nagot N. Community-based respondent-driven sampling as a strategy for drug use surveillance in a large French urban area. Harm Reduct J 2023; 20:82. [PMID: 37386636 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-023-00814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding drug use and behavior within the PWUD population is crucial to adapt harm reduction and prevention strategies, and provide improved addiction and medical treatment. However, in most countries such as France, the knowledge of drug use behaviors is likely biased as it originates from addiction centers which are attended by only an unknown proportion of PWUD. The objectives of this study were to describe drug use behavior in a population of active PWUD in the urban area of Montpellier, South of France. METHODS We implemented a community-based respondent-driven sampling survey (RDSS), a validated strategy to obtain a representative sample of a population, to recruit PWUD in the city. Adult individuals reporting frequent psychoactive drug use other than cannabis, with confirmation by urine test, were eligible. Beside HCV and HIV testing, trained peers interviewed participants on their drug consumption and behavior using standardized questionnaires. Fifteen seeds launched the RDSS. RESULTS During the 11 weeks of the RDSS, 554 actives PWUD were consecutively included. They were mostly men (78.8%), had a median age of 39 years, and only 25.6% had a stable living place. On average, participants consumed 4.7 (± 3.1) different drugs, and 42.6% smoked free-base cocaine. Unexpectedly, heroin and methamphetamine were consumed by 46.8% and 21.5% of participants, respectively. Among the 194 participants injecting drugs, 33% declared sharing their equipment. CONCLUSION This RDSS highlighted a high consumption of heroin, crack and methamphetamine in this PWUD population. These unexpected results can be explained by low attendance to addiction centers, the source of drug use reports. Despite free care and risk reduction equipment in the city, sharing was very frequent among injectors, challenging the current program of harm reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Donnadieu
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France.
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France.
| | - Catherine Quillet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgana D'Ottavi
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Joëlle Castellani
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Debellefontaine
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
- AXESS, Harm Reduction Center, SOS Solidarités, 66 Avenue Charles Flahaut, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Guichard
- Association of Marginality and Drug Addiction (AMT), 10 Boulevard Victor Hugo, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - René Baglioni
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Langendorfer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Faucherre
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Hanslik
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, 80 Rue Augustin Fliche, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Laureillard
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caremeau University Hospital, Place du Professeur Robert Debré, 30029, Nîmes, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Etablissement Français du Sang, INSERM, University of Antilles-Guyane, University of Montpellier, 60 Rue de Navacelles, 34394, Montpellier, France
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Schaub R, Ottevanger MSMD, Harkisoen S, Pesna B, Duijves C, Heemskerk M, Polime T, Tuaillon E, Vreden S, Nacher M. Involving hard-to-reach populations is pivotal for the tailoring and implementation of an epidemiological study in cross-border communities of French Guiana and Suriname. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1162705. [PMID: 37325314 PMCID: PMC10266529 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1162705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hard-to-reach, vulnerable and cross-border populations are often disproportionately affected by communicable diseases. Epidemiological data on viral hepatitis in French Guiana and Suriname are available for urban areas, but not for remote communities. The Maroni River, which separates FG and Suriname, is home to Tribal and Indigenous communities. Reaching these populations is challenging due to logistical constraints, cultural and language barriers, and mistrust of outsiders. Objectives We aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of viral hepatitis [Maroni Hepatites Virales (MaHeVi)] in this remote and complex area. Here, we describe the operational hurdles and solutions required to achieve this. Methods We undertook a preliminary assessment of the area with local community leaders and health workers to gain approval of MaHeVi, acceptance of blood sampling, and suggestions for adapting the study to cultural and logistical constraints. Anthropological assessments were conducted through focus groups and interviews with key individuals to assess knowledge, beliefs and risk factors for VH. Results MaHeVi was well received by the local communities. The approval of the community leaders was crucial for the implementation and acceptance of the study. The main adaptations were hiring community health mediators to overcome cultural and language differences, using blotting paper instead of venipuncture for logistical and acceptability reasons, and adapting communication materials. Conclusion Careful preparation and tailoring of the communication materials and research protocol have enabled the successful implementation of the study. This process could be replicated in this area and transferred to other complex contexts combining borders, logistical hurdles and populations requiring cultural adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Schaub
- CIC AG/Inserm 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
- UMR Tropical Biome and Immuno-pathophysiology, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - M. Sigrid Mac Donald Ottevanger
- Foundation for Scientific Research Suriname (SWOS), Paramaribo, Suriname
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Soeradj Harkisoen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Béatrice Pesna
- Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | | | | | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques, INSERM U1058, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephen Vreden
- Foundation for Scientific Research Suriname (SWOS), Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- CIC AG/Inserm 1424, Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne Andrée Rosemon, Cayenne, French Guiana
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Blain H, Tuaillon E, Gamon L, Pisoni A, Aouinti S, Picot M, Bousquet J. COVID‐19 after BNT162b2 two‐dose primary series does not improve the efficacy of a booster dose in nursing home residents. Clin Transl Allergy 2023; 13:e12224. [PMID: 36973956 PMCID: PMC10033849 DOI: 10.1002/clt2.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Blain
- Department of Internal Medicine and GeriatricsMUSE UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Lucie Gamon
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology UnitUniversity HospitalMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Safa Aouinti
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology UnitUniversity HospitalMontpellierFrance
| | | | - Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyUniversitätsmedizinBerlinGermany
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9
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Stacey BS, Hoiland RL, Caldwell HG, Howe CA, Vermeulen T, Tymko MM, Vizcardo‐Galindo GA, Bermudez D, Figueroa‐Mujíica RJ, Gasho C, Tuaillon E, Hirtz C, Lehmann S, Marchi N, Tsukamoto H, Villafuerte FC, Ainslie PN, Bailey DM. Lifelong exposure to high-altitude hypoxia in humans is associated with improved redox homeostasis and structural-functional adaptations of the neurovascular unit. J Physiol 2023; 601:1095-1120. [PMID: 36633375 PMCID: PMC10952731 DOI: 10.1113/jp283362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
High-altitude (HA) hypoxia may alter the structural-functional integrity of the neurovascular unit (NVU). Herein, we compared male lowlanders (n = 9) at sea level (SL) and after 14 days acclimatization to 4300 m (chronic HA) in Cerro de Pasco (CdP), Péru (HA), against sex-, age- and body mass index-matched healthy highlanders (n = 9) native to CdP (lifelong HA). Venous blood was assayed for serum proteins reflecting NVU integrity, in addition to free radicals and nitric oxide (NO). Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was examined in conjunction with cerebral substrate delivery, dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA), cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide (CVRCO2 ) and neurovascular coupling (NVC). Psychomotor tests were employed to examine cognitive function. Compared to lowlanders at SL, highlanders exhibited elevated basal plasma and red blood cell NO bioavailability, improved anterior and posterior dCA, elevated anterior CVRCO2 and preserved cerebral substrate delivery, NVC and cognition. In highlanders, S100B, neurofilament light-chain (NF-L) and T-tau were consistently lower and cognition comparable to lowlanders following chronic-HA. These findings highlight novel integrated adaptations towards regulation of the NVU in highlanders that may represent a neuroprotective phenotype underpinning successful adaptation to the lifelong stress of HA hypoxia. KEY POINTS: High-altitude (HA) hypoxia has the potential to alter the structural-functional integrity of the neurovascular unit (NVU) in humans. For the first time, we examined to what extent chronic and lifelong hypoxia impacts multimodal biomarkers reflecting NVU structure and function in lowlanders and native Andean highlanders. Despite lowlanders presenting with a reduction in systemic oxidative-nitrosative stress and maintained cerebral bioenergetics and cerebrovascular function during chronic hypoxia, there was evidence for increased axonal injury and cognitive impairment. Compared to lowlanders at sea level, highlanders exhibited elevated vascular NO bioavailability, improved dynamic regulatory capacity and cerebrovascular reactivity, comparable cerebral substrate delivery and neurovascular coupling, and maintained cognition. Unlike lowlanders following chronic HA, highlanders presented with lower concentrations of S100B, neurofilament light chain and total tau. These findings highlight novel integrated adaptations towards the regulation of the NVU in highlanders that may represent a neuroprotective phenotype underpinning successful adaptation to the lifelong stress of HA hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S. Stacey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesPontypriddUK
| | - Ryan L. Hoiland
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vancouver General HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Hannah G. Caldwell
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular HealthUniversity of British Columbia‐Okanagan CampusKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Connor A. Howe
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular HealthUniversity of British Columbia‐Okanagan CampusKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Tyler Vermeulen
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular HealthUniversity of British Columbia‐Okanagan CampusKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Michael M. Tymko
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular HealthUniversity of British Columbia‐Okanagan CampusKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Gustavo A. Vizcardo‐Galindo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y FilosofíaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 31Peru
| | - Daniella Bermudez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y FilosofíaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 31Peru
| | - Rómulo J. Figueroa‐Mujíica
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y FilosofíaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 31Peru
| | - Christopher Gasho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical CareLoma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaCAUSA
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Department of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- LBPC‐PPCUniversité de Montpellier, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, INM INSERMMontpellierFrance
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- LBPC‐PPCUniversité de Montpellier, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, INM INSERMMontpellierFrance
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Glia Research, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Functional GenomicsUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Hayato Tsukamoto
- Faculty of Sport and Health ScienceRitsumeikan UniversityKusatsuShigaJapan
| | - Francisco C. Villafuerte
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Comparada, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Fisiológicas, Facultad de Ciencias y FilosofíaUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaLima 31Peru
| | - Philip N. Ainslie
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesPontypriddUK
- Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular HealthUniversity of British Columbia‐Okanagan CampusKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Damian M. Bailey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and EducationUniversity of South WalesPontypriddUK
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10
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Vernisse C, Tuaillon E, Suehs C, Gras D, Bedin AS, Charriot J, Knabe L, Vachier I, Chanez P, Petit A, Bourdin A. Airway epithelial type-2 alarmin profiles: Blood eosinophil counts remain in memory. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250101. [PMID: 36793156 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cytokines are involved in the orchestration of T1/T2 inflammatory patterns. We question the persistence of this trait in air-liquid interface (ALI) epithelial cultures and whether this local orientation can be related to systemic patterns (e.g., blood eosinophil counts [BECs]). We investigated alarmin release related to high versus low T2 phenotypes associated with chronic airway diseases. ALIs were reconstituted from 32 control, 40 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 20 asthmatic patients. Interleukin-8 (IL-8; a T1-cytokine), IL-25, IL-33, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (T2-alarmins) concentrations were assessed in subnatants at steady state and used to explain blood neutrophil and eosinophil counts. IL-25 and IL-8 levels were highest in asthma ALI-subnatants, whereas IL-33 was sparsely detected. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels were similar among groups. All asthma cell cultures were T1-high/T2-high, while chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and controls tended to be mixed. BECs were independently explained by both disease and in-culture T2-alarmin levels, irrespective of the T2-alarmin considered. The epithelial ALI-T2 signature was more frequently high in patients with a BEC > 300/mm3 . Despite removal from an in vivo environment for ≥2 months, ALIs release disease-specific cytokine "cocktails" into their subnatants, suggesting continued persistence of alarmin orientation in differentiated cell line environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Vernisse
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Medicine Biology Mediterranee, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Addictology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Inserm U1058, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Virology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carey Suehs
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Medical Information, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Gras
- C2VN INSERM INRAE, UMR 1263, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Inserm U1058, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Virology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jeremy Charriot
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lucie Knabe
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Vachier
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Medicine Biology Mediterranee, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Addictology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Chanez
- C2VN INSERM INRAE, UMR 1263, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Clinique des bronches, allergies, sommeil, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Aurélie Petit
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Medicine Biology Mediterranee, Department of Respiratory Diseases and Addictology, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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11
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Pisoni A, Reynaud E, Douine M, Hureau L, Alcocer Cordellat C, Schaub R, Poland D, Monkel R, Lommen J, Yenkoyan K, Vreden S, Nacher M, Tuaillon E. Automated and combined HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis testing among illegal gold miners in French Guiana using a standardized dried blood device. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106731. [PMID: 36395882 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Blood spotted onto filter paper can be easily collected outside healthcare facilities and shipped to a central laboratory for serological testing. However, dried blood testing generally requires manual processing for pre-analytical steps. In this study, we used a standardized blood collection device combined with an automated elution system to test illegal gold miners living in French Guiana for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis. We included 378 participants, 102 females and 266 males, in three illegal gold mining resting sites. Blood collected on the Ser-Col device (Labonovum) was eluted using an automated system (SCAUT Ser-Col automation, Blok System Supply) and an automated analyzer (Alinity i, Abbott). Ser-Col results were compared to both plasma results, considered the gold standard, and to Dried blood Spot (DBS) results, considered the reference sampling method using dried blood. In plasma samples, two participants (0.5%) tested positive for HIV, six (1.5%) tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), eight were weakly positive for anti-HCV antibodies but negative for HCV RNA, and 47 tested positive for treponemal antibodies (12.4%), including 20 females (19.6%) and 27 males (9.8%, p= 0.010179). We observed a full concordance of Ser-Col and DBS results for HIV diagnosis compared to plasma results. Ser-Col and DBS samples tested positive in five HBsAg carriers and negative for one participant with a low HBsAg level in plasma (0.5 IU/mL). All participants tested negative for HCV in Ser-Col and DBS samples, including the eight participants who tested low positive for HCV antibodies and HCV RNA negative in plasma. Among syphilis seropositive participants, 41 (87.2%) and 40 (85.1%) tested positive for treponemal antibodies in Ser-Col and DBS samples, respectively. The Ser-Col method allows automated dried blood testing of HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis with performances comparable to DBS. Automated approaches to test capillary blood transported on dried blood devices may facilitate large-scale surveys and improve testing of populations living in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisa Reynaud
- Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Maylis Douine
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Cayenne Hospital, Epidemiology of Tropical Parasitoses, Universite de Guyane, EA 3593, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Louise Hureau
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Cayenne Hospital, Epidemiology of Tropical Parasitoses, Universite de Guyane, EA 3593, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | - Roxane Schaub
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Cayenne Hospital, Epidemiology of Tropical Parasitoses, Universite de Guyane, EA 3593, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | | | | | | | - Konstantin Yenkoyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Neuroscience Laboratory, Cobrain Center Yerevan State Medical University named after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Stephen Vreden
- Foundation for Scientific Research of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Mathieu Nacher
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (Inserm 1424), Cayenne Hospital, Epidemiology of Tropical Parasitoses, Universite de Guyane, EA 3593, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.
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12
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Takoudjou Dzomo GR, Mbario E, Djarma O, Soumbatingar N, Madengar M, Djimera N, Djindimadje A, Nguemadjita C, Nassaringar G, Bernales M, Nangerngar T, Naissem D, Paningar E, Gomez-Virseda C, Lopez Barreda R, Robbins I, Cournil A, Visier L, Tuaillon E, Mennechet FJD. Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Chad: A cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1063954. [PMID: 36684864 PMCID: PMC9846328 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1063954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against the COVID-19 virus is currently the best option to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic worldwide. However, in addition to logistical and economic barriers, hesitancy to be vaccinated threatens to jeopardize efforts to contain the disease. An increasing number of people in Africa are delaying or rejecting recommended vaccines. Since their launch, COVID-19 vaccines have frequently faced rejection worldwide. In this study, we interviewed 5,174 participants from Chad that were representative of the general population, on their perception of COVID-19 vaccines. The survey was conducted from April to May 2021, before the rollout of the COVID-19 vaccination. We found that 47.9% of respondents were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 29.8% were undecided and 22.3% would not accept the vaccine. We found that urban residents were much more likely to refuse the vaccine than rural residents. We also observed that distrust of COVID-19 vaccines and mistaken beliefs played a crucial role in the reluctance to be vaccinated. Hesitancy to vaccinate against COVID-19 was strongly associated with lack of knowledge, and acceptance of vaccination was primarily associated with fear of the disease. Finally, we identified population profiles among the undecided and the refractors, which will help in developing strategies to combat COVID-19 vaccine resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edmond Mbario
- Association for the Promotion of Village Health in Chad (APSVT), Bekamba, Chad
| | - Oumaima Djarma
- Republic of Chad, Ministry of Public Health and National Solidarity, N'Djamena, Chad
| | | | | | - Nadia Djimera
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | | | | | | | - Margarita Bernales
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Denise Naissem
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - Ephrem Paningar
- University Hospital Complex “Le Bon Samaritain”, N'Djamena, Chad
| | - Carlos Gomez-Virseda
- Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Ian Robbins
- The Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Cournil
- Institute of Research for Development (IRD), Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Visier
- Center for Political and Social Studies (CEPEL), CNRS - University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, French Blood Establishment (EFS), University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University Hospital (CHU), Montpellier, France
| | - Franck J. D. Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections (PCCEI), INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, French Blood Establishment (EFS), University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
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13
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Tuaillon E, Pisoni A, Veyrenche N, Rafasse S, Niel C, Gros N, Muriaux D, Picot MC, Aouinti S, Van de Perre P, Bousquet J, Blain H. Antibody response after first and second BNT162b2 vaccination to predict the need for subsequent injections in nursing home residents. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13749. [PMID: 35962053 PMCID: PMC9373891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We explored antibody response after first and second BNT162b2 vaccinations, to predict the need for subsequent injections in nursing home (NH) residents. 369 NH residents were tested for IgG against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD-IgG) and nucleoprotein-IgG (SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant and SARS-CoV-2 IgG Alinity assays, Abbott Diagnostics). In NH residents with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, the first dose elicited high RBD-IgG levels (≥ 4160 AU/mL) in 99/129 cases (76.9%), with no additional antibody gain after the second dose in 74 cases (74.7%). However, a low RBD-IgG level (< 1050 AU/mL) was observed in 28 (21.7%) residents. The persistence of nucleoprotein-IgG and a longer interval between infection and the first dose were associated with a higher RBD-IgG response (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0013, respectively). RBD-IgG below 50 AU/mL after the first dose predicted failure to reach the antibody concentration associated with a neutralizing effect after the second dose (≥ 1050 AU/mL). The BNT162b2 vaccine elicited a strong humoral response after the first dose in a majority of NH residents with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, about one quarter of these residents require a second injection. Consideration should be given to immunological monitoring in NH residents to optimize the vaccine response in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Veyrenche
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophia Rafasse
- CEMIPAI, University of Montpellier, UAR3725 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Clémence Niel
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Gros
- CEMIPAI, University of Montpellier, UAR3725 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- CEMIPAI, University of Montpellier, UAR3725 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Safa Aouinti
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University Montpellier, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Univeersitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany.,University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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14
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Gomez-Martinez J, Henry S, Tuaillon E, Van de Perre P, Fournier-Wirth C, Foulongne V, Brès JC. Novel Lateral Flow-Based Assay for Simple and Visual Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:902914. [PMID: 35909973 PMCID: PMC9329616 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.902914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of the main SARS-CoV-2 variants in real time is of interest to control the virus and to rapidly devise appropriate public health responses. The RT-qPCR is currently considered to be the reference method to screen SARS-CoV-2 mutations, but it has some limitations. The multiplexing capability is limited when the number of markers to detect increases. Moreover, the performance of this allele-specific method may be impacted in the presence of new mutations. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept study of a simple molecular assay to detect key SARS-CoV-2 mutations. The innovative features of the assay are the multiplex asymmetric one-step RT-PCR amplification covering different regions of SARS-CoV-2 S gene and the visual detection of mutations on a lateral flow DNA microarray. Three kits (Kit 1: N501Y, E484K; Kit 2: L452R, E484K/Q; Kit 3: K417N, L452R, E484K/Q/A) were developed to match recommendations for surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants between January and December 2021. The clinical performance was assessed using RNA extracts from 113 SARS-CoV-2-positive samples with cycle thresholds <30, and results demonstrated that our assay allows specific and sensitive detection of mutations, with a performance comparable to that of RT-qPCR. The VAR-CoV assay detected four SARS-CoV-2 targets and achieved specific and sensitive screening of spike mutations associated with the main variants of concern, with a performance comparable to that of RT-qPCR. With well-defined virus sequences, this assay can be rapidly adapted to other emerging mutations; it is a promising tool for variant surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gomez-Martinez
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Steven Henry
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Charles Brès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, Etablissement français du sang, INSERM, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Charles Brès,
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15
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Renault C, Bolloré K, Pisoni A, Motto-Ros C, Van de Perre P, Reynes J, Tuaillon E. Accuracy of real-time PCR and digital PCR for the monitoring of total HIV DNA under prolonged antiretroviral therapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9323. [PMID: 35665775 PMCID: PMC9167282 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Total HIV DNA is a standard marker to monitor the HIV reservoir in people living with HIV. We investigated HIV DNA quantification accuracy by a real-time PCR kit (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) method within the same set of primers and probes. Among 48 aviremic patients followed for up to 7 years with qPCR, the mean coefficient of variation of total HIV DNA between two successive measurements was 77% (± 0.42log10 HIVDNA copies/106 PBMC). The total HIV DNA quantified by the two PCR methods has a high correlation (0.99 and 0.83, for 8E5 and PLHIV samples, respectively), but we observed better repeatability and reproducibility of the dPCR compared to the qPCR (CV of 11.9% vs. 24.7% for qPCR, p-value = 0.024). Furthermore, we highlighted a decay of the number of HIV copies in the 8E5 cell line qPCR standard over time (from 0.73 to 0.43 copies per cell), contributing to variations of HIV DNA results in patients whose HIV reservoir should be theoretically stabilized. Our study highlighted that absolute quantification of total HIV DNA by dPCR allows more accurate monitoring of the HIV reservoir than qPCR in patients under prolonged antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Renault
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France.,CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Motto-Ros
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France.,CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- IRD UMI 233, INSERM U1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Infectious Diseases Department, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France. .,CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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16
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Blain H, Tuaillon E, Gamon L, Pisoni A, Miot S, Delpui V, Si‐Mohamed N, Niel C, Rolland Y, Montes B, Groc S, Rafasse S, Dupuy A, Gros N, Muriaux D, Picot M, Bousquet J. Receptor binding domain-IgG levels correlate with protection in residents facing SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 outbreaks. Allergy 2022; 77:1885-1894. [PMID: 34652831 PMCID: PMC8652754 DOI: 10.1111/all.15142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Limited information exists on nursing home (NH) residents regarding BNT162b2 vaccine efficacy in preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 and severe COVID‐19, and its association with post‐vaccine humoral response. Methods 396 residents from seven NHs suffering a SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1.1.7 (VOC‐α) outbreak at least 14 days after a vaccine campaign were repeatedly tested using SARS‐CoV‐2 real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction on nasopharyngeal swab test (RT‐qPCR). SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor‐binding domain (RBD) of the S1 subunit (RBD‐IgG) was measured in all residents. Nucleocapsid antigenemia (N‐Ag) was measured in RT‐qPCR‐positive residents and serum neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated residents from one NH. Results The incidence of positive RT‐qPCR was lower in residents vaccinated by two doses (72/317; 22.7%) vs one dose (10/31; 32.3%) or non‐vaccinated residents (21/48; 43.7%; p < .01). COVID‐19–induced deaths were observed in 5 of the 48 non‐vaccinated residents (10.4%), in 2 of the 31 who had received one dose (6.4%), and in 3 of the 317 (0.9%) who had received two doses (p = .0007). Severe symptoms were more common in infected non‐vaccinated residents (10/21; 47.6%) than in infected vaccinated residents (15/72; 21.0%; p = .002). Higher levels of RBD‐IgG (n = 325) were associated with a lower SARS‐CoV‐2 incidence. No in vitro serum neutralization activity was found for RBD‐IgG levels below 1050 AU/ml. RBD‐IgG levels were inversely associated with N‐Ag levels, found as a risk factor of severe COVID‐19. Conclusions Two BNT162b2 doses are associated with a 48% reduction of SARS‐CoV‐2 incidence and a 91.3% reduction of death risk in residents from NHs facing a VOC‐α outbreak. Post‐vaccine RBD‐IgG levels correlate with BNT162b2 protection against SARS‐CoV‐2 B.1.1.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Blain
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections University of Montpellier INSERM EFS Antilles University, University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Lucie Gamon
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections University of Montpellier INSERM EFS Antilles University, University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Stéphanie Miot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | - Valentin Delpui
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | - Nejm Si‐Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | - Clémence Niel
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections University of Montpellier INSERM EFS Antilles University, University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse INSERM 1027 Toulouse France
| | - Brigitte Montes
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections University of Montpellier INSERM EFS Antilles University, University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Soraya Groc
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections University of Montpellier INSERM EFS Antilles University, University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Sophia Rafasse
- CEMIPAI University of Montpellier UAR3725 CNRS Montpellier France
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM) University of Montpellier UMR9004 CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Anne‐Marie Dupuy
- Biochemistry and Hormonology Laboratory University Hospital Montpellier France
| | - Nathalie Gros
- CEMIPAI University of Montpellier UAR3725 CNRS Montpellier France
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM) University of Montpellier UMR9004 CNRS Montpellier France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- CEMIPAI University of Montpellier UAR3725 CNRS Montpellier France
- Institute of Research in Infectiology of Montpellier (IRIM) University of Montpellier UMR9004 CNRS Montpellier France
| | | | - Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
- University Hospital Montpellier France
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17
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Tuaillon E, Pisoni A, Gamon L, Henry S, Mondain AM, Pastor P, Van De Perre P, Bousquet J, Picot MC, Blain H. Amplitudes and kinetic of antibodies after second and third doses of BNT162b2 vaccine in nonagenarians and centenarians with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2022; 28:1393-1395. [PMID: 35659927 PMCID: PMC9151454 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis & Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1058, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS), Montpellier University and Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France.
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis & Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1058, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS), Montpellier University and Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - Lucie Gamon
- Clinical research and epidemiology unit, University hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Steven Henry
- Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Van De Perre
- Pathogenesis & Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1058, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS), Montpellier University and Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Charité, Univeersitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
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18
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Nagot N, D’Ottavi M, Quillet C, Debellefontaine A, Castellani J, Langendorfer N, Hanslik B, Guichard S, Baglioni R, Faucherre V, Tuaillon E, Pageaux GP, Laureillard D, Donnadieu-Rigole H. Reaching hardly reached people who use drugs: a community-based strategy for the elimination of hepatitis C. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac181. [PMID: 35774932 PMCID: PMC9239554 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elimination of HCV among people who use drugs (PWUD) remains a challenge even in countries in which HCV care is provided free of cost. We assessed whether an innovative community-based respondent-driven sampling (RDS) survey, coupled with HCV screening and immediate treatment, could be efficient to detect and cure active PWUD with chronic HCV in a large city of Southern France.
Methods
At a community site with peers, PWUD (cannabis not included) were enrolled after confirmation by a urine drug test. Participants were then screened for HBV/HCV/HIV and benefited from on-site HCV treatment evaluation and prescription. Peer support was provided during treatment, and a systematic visit was scheduled 12 weeks after the end of treatment. The cost of the intervention was estimated.
Results
554 participants were enrolled. Most were male (78.8%) with a median age of 39 years (IQR: 33-46). Cocaine (73.1%) and heroine (46.8%) were the main drugs consumed. Overall, 32.6% of PWUD (N = 181) were HCV seropositive, of which 49 (27.1%) had detectable HCV RNA and were thus eligible for treatment. Ten of these patients had severe fibrosis. HCV treatment was initiated for 37 (75.5%) patients among whom 30 (81.1%) completed their treatment and 27 (73.0%) achieved sustained viral response at week 12. The total cost was 161€ per screened patient and 1,816€ per patient needing treatment.
Conclusions
Community-based RDS survey approach, involving peers, proved efficient and cost-effective to reach and cure PWUD for HCV. This innovative strategy could be key for the final step of HCV elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgana D’Ottavi
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Quillet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Debellefontaine
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
- Groupe SOS Solidarité, Montpellier, France
| | - Joëlle Castellani
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Langendorfer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Hanslik
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Guichard
- Association of Marginality and Drug Addiction (AMT), Montpellier, France
| | - René Baglioni
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Faucherre
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
| | - Georges-Philippe Pageaux
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Laureillard
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Caremeau University Hospital, Nimes, France
| | - Hélène Donnadieu-Rigole
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic & Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Antilles-Guyane, Montpellier, France
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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19
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Carrère-Kremer S, Kolia-Diafouka P, Pisoni A, Bolloré K, Peries M, Godreuil S, Bourdin A, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Assay in Patients With Latent vs. Active Tuberculosis in a Low Incidence Setting: Level of IFN-γ, CD4/CD8 Responses, and Release of IL-2, IP-10, and MIG. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:825021. [PMID: 35464936 PMCID: PMC9026190 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.825021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesWe analyzed the results of the QuantiFERON Glod Plus assay (QFT) and cytokine patterns associated with active tuberculosis (ATB) among patients with positive QFT.MethodsA total of 195 patients are QFT-positive, among which 24 had an ATB and 171 had a latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion was analyzed relative to interleukin-2 (IL-2), IFN-γ inducible protein or CXCL-10 (IP-10), and monokine induced by IFN-γ or CXCL-9 (MIG) secretion, and then compared between two sets of peptide antigens [tube 1 - cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) T cell stimulation; tube 2 - CD4+/CD8+ T cell response].ResultsHigher IFN-γ responses were measured in the ATB group (p = 0.0089). The results showed that there was a lower ratio of tube 1/tube 2 IFN-γ concentrations in the ATB group (p = 0.0009), and a median [interquartile ranges (IQR)] difference between the two sets at −0.82 IU/ml (−1.67 to 0.18) vs. −0.07 IU/ml (−0.035 to 0.11, p < 0.0001) in the ATB group compared to the LTBI group, respectively. In addition, patients with low ratios of IL-2/IFN-γ, IP-10/IFN-γ, and MIG/IFN-γ were much more likely to have ATB.ConclusionHigh levels of IFN-γ secretion, preferential IFN-γ response in tube 2, and lower secretion of IL-2, IP-10, and MIG release relative to IFN-γ secretion were more likely observed in subjects with ATB. These features of T cell response may be helpful in low prevalence settings to suspect ATB in patients tested positive for IFN-γ release assays (IGRA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Carrère-Kremer
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Pratt Kolia-Diafouka
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Godreuil
- UMR MIVEGEC IRD-Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp, INSERM U1046, Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM U1058, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Edouard Tuaillon,
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20
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Guingané AN, Kaboré R, Shimakawa Y, Somé EN, Kania D, Pisoni A, Nagot N, King R, Sombié R, Meda N, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. Screening for Hepatitis B in partners and children of women positive for surface antigen, Burkina Faso. Bull World Health Organ 2022; 100:256-267. [PMID: 35386558 PMCID: PMC8958837 DOI: 10.2471/blt.21.287015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the implementation of a screening strategy for the partners and children of pregnant women with hepatitis B virus (HBV) attending antenatal care. Methods We identified pregnant women positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) at antenatal consultation in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. At post-test counselling, women were advised to disclose their HBV status to partners and to encourage their partner and children to be screened for HBsAg. We used multivariable logistic regression to explore factors associated with uptake of screening and HBsAg positivity among family members. Findings Of 1000 HBsAg-positive women, 436/1000 partners and 215/1281 children were screened. HBsAg was detected in 55 (12.6%) partners and 24 (11.2%) children. After adjusting for confounders, uptake of screening was higher in partners who were married, who attended the woman’s first post-test consultation and to whom the woman had disclosed her HBV status. In children, HBsAg positivity was associated with being born before the introduction of infant hepatitis B vaccination in Burkina Faso (not significant in the multivariable analysis), having a mother positive for HBV e-antigen (adjusted OR: 8.57; 95% CI: 2.49–29.48) or having a mother with HBV DNA level ≥ 200 000 IU/mL (OR: 6.83; 95% CI: 1.61–29.00). Conclusion In low-income countries, the antenatal consultation provides a cost-effective opportunity to identify HBV-infected household contacts and link them to care. Children born before the introduction of infant hepatitis B vaccination and whose mother has higher viral load or infectivity should be a priority for testing and linkage to care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Nanelin Guingané
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Bogodogo University Hospital Center, 01 BP 3479 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Rémi Kaboré
- Institut de Santé Publique d'Épidémiologie et du Développement, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yusuke Shimakawa
- Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Eric Nagaonlé Somé
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Rachel King
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Roger Sombié
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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21
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Rutagwera DG, Molès JP, Kankasa C, Mwiya M, Tuaillon E, Peries M, Nagot N, Van de Perre P, Tylleskär T. Recurrent Severe Subclinical Mastitis and the Risk of HIV Transmission Through Breastfeeding. Front Immunol 2022; 13:822076. [PMID: 35309352 PMCID: PMC8931278 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.822076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an important risk factor of postnatal HIV-1 transmission that is still poorly understood. A longitudinal sub-study of the ANRS12174 trial including 270 breastfeeding mothers in Lusaka, Zambia measured sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) in archived paired breast milk samples collected at week 14, 26 and 38 postpartum to determine cumulative incidence of SCM and the effects of recurrent severe SCM on HIV-1 shedding in breast milk. A nested retrospective cohort study including 112 mothers was also done to determine longitudinal effects of SCM on four pro-inflammatory cytokines; IL6, IL8, IP10 and RANTES. The cumulative incidence for any SCM (Na+/K+ ratio > 0.6) and severe SCM (Na+/K+ ratio > 1) were 58.6% (95%CI: 52.7 – 64.5) and 27.8% (95%CI: 22.5 – 33.1), respectively. In majority of affected mothers (51.4%) severe SCM was recurrent. Both breasts were involved in 11.1%, 33.3% and 70% of the mothers with a single episode, 2 and 3 episodes respectively. In affected breasts, an episode of severe SCM resulted in steep upregulation of the four cytokines considered (IL8, IP10, RANTES and IL6) compared to: before and after the episode; contralateral unaffected breasts; and SCM negative control mothers. Recurrent severe SCM significantly increased the odds of shedding cell-free HIV-1 in breast milk (OR: 5.2; 95%CI: 1.7 – 15.6) whereas single episode of severe SCM did not (OR: 1.8; 95%CI: 0.8 – 4.2). A Na+/K+ ratio > 1 indicative of severe SCM is an excellent indicator of breast inflammation characterized by a steep, localized and temporal upregulation of several pro-inflammatory cytokines that favor HIV-1 shedding in mature breast milk and may facilitate postnatal HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gatsinzi Rutagwera
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Children's Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Chipepo Kankasa
- Children's Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Mwiya Mwiya
- Children's Hospital, University Teaching Hospitals, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Université des Antilles, Etablissement français du Sang, Montpellier, France
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22
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Veyrenche N, Pisoni A, Debiesse S, Bollore K, Bedin AS, Makinson A, Niel C, Alcocer-Cordellat C, Mondain AM, Le Moing V, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid urine antigen in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:812-821. [PMID: 35230450 PMCID: PMC8903449 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) can be detected in the blood of patients with Covid-19. We used a highly sensitive and specific assay to explore the presence of N-Ag in urine during the course of Covid-19, and explore its relationship with the severity of the disease. Methods We studied urine and blood N-Ag using highly sensitive immunoassay in 82 patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by PCR. Results In the first and second weeks of Covid-19, hospitalized patients tested positive for urinary N-Ag (81.25% and 71.79%, respectively), and blood N-Ag (93.75% and 94.87%, respectively). High urinary N-Ag levels were associated with the absence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antibodies, admission in intensive care units, high C-reactive protein levels, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and high lactate dehydrogenase. A higher accuracy was observed for urine N-Ag as a predictor of severe Covid-19 compared to blood N-Ag. Conclusions Our study demonstrate that N-Ag is present in the urine of patients hospitalized in the early phase of Covid-19. As a direct marker of SARS-CoV-2, urinary N-Ag reflects the dissemination of viral compounds in the body. Urine N-Ag may be a useful marker for disease severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Veyrenche
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles; CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles; CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Debiesse
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bollore
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Montpellier, France. INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Clémence Niel
- Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Vincent Le Moing
- Tropical and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Montpellier, France. INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles; CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles; CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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23
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Rahib D, Bercot B, Delagreverie H, Gabassi A, Delaugerre C, Salord H, Icard V, Le Thi TT, Leveau B, Khiri H, Digne J, Didelot MN, Pisoni A, Tuaillon E, Lydié N, Vandentorren S. Online self-sampling kits for human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections: Feasibility, positivity rates, and factors associated with infections in France. Int J STD AIDS 2022; 33:355-362. [PMID: 35144493 DOI: 10.1177/09564624211066447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men who have sex with men are increasingly diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STI) in France. To address this situation, quarterly screening for HIV combined with hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), as well as annual screening for C.trachomatis (CT) and N.gonorrhoeae (NG) are recommended. The MemoDepistages program offered an at-home screening solution for these infections. This study describes the feasibility of this screening process, the rate of positive test results, and the factors associated with positivity. METHODS Participants were recruited online. Laboratories verified the quantity and quality of the samples. Logistic regression was used to determine the associated factors for infection. RESULTS Overall, 1556 out of 1908 (81.6%) blood samples were tested for at least HIV. A total of eight participants (0.5%) were newly diagnosed with HIV and four with HCV (0.3%). No new infection was confirmed for HBV. Overall positivity was 9.3% for CT and 9.6% for NG. The highest positivity was reported in rectal swabs for CT (7.3%) and in pharyngeal swabs for NG (7.2%). Factors associated with extragenital CT/NG were age under 30 years (for pharyngeal and rectal infections) and having at least 10 partners in the past 6 months (p<0.001) (for pharyngeal infections only). CONCLUSIONS The self-sampling kit for multiple STIs can perform comprehensive tests and identify new infections in young people, especially in extragenital sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rahib
- 472516Santé Publique France, Saint Maurice, France.,Inserm, 243485Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Bercot
- Service de Bactériologie, 55663Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Inserm UMR1137, IAME, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Héloïse Delagreverie
- Service de Virologie, 55663Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Inserm U944, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Gabassi
- Service de Virologie, 55663Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Inserm U944, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Constance Delaugerre
- Service de Virologie, 55663Hôpital St Louis, APHP, Inserm U944, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Salord
- Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Nord, 26900Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vinca Icard
- Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Nord, 26900Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Than-Thuy Le Thi
- Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Nord, 26900Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Leveau
- Hôpital de La Croix-Rousse, Centre de Ressources Biologiques Nord, 26900Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Noëlle Didelot
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie, 26905CHU de Montpellier, UMR Inserm 1058, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie, 26905CHU de Montpellier, UMR Inserm 1058, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie, 26905CHU de Montpellier, UMR Inserm 1058, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Vandentorren
- 472516Santé Publique France, Saint Maurice, France.,Inserm, 243485Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP UMRS 1136), Université de Paris, Paris, France
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24
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Renault C, Veyrenche N, Mennechet F, Bedin AS, Routy JP, Van de Perre P, Reynes J, Tuaillon E. Th17 CD4+ T-Cell as a Preferential Target for HIV Reservoirs. Front Immunol 2022; 13:822576. [PMID: 35197986 PMCID: PMC8858966 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.822576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among CD4+ T-cells, T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a sentinel role in the defense against bacterial/fungal pathogens at mucosal barriers. However, Th17 cells are also highly susceptible to HIV-1 infection and are rapidly depleted from gut mucosal sites, causing an imbalance of the Th17/Treg ratio and impairing cytokines production. Consequently, damage to the gut mucosal barrier leads to an enhanced microbial translocation and systemic inflammation, a hallmark of HIV-1 disease progression. Th17 cells’ expression of mucosal homing receptors (CCR6 and α4β7), as well as HIV receptors and co-receptors (CD4, α4β7, CCR5, and CXCR4), contributes to susceptibility to HIV infection. The up-regulation of numerous intracellular factors facilitating HIV production, alongside the downregulation of factors inhibiting HIV, helps to explain the frequency of HIV DNA within Th17 cells. Th17 cells harbor long-lived viral reservoirs in people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Moreover, cell longevity and the proliferation of a fraction of Th17 CD4 T cells allow HIV reservoirs to be maintained in ART patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constance Renault
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Veyrenche
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
- Virology Laboratory, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Franck Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Chronic Viral Illness Service and Research Institute and Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
- Virology Laboratory, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- Virology Laboratory, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IRD UMI 233, INSERM U1175, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Infectious Diseases Department, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, INSERM U1058, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
- Virology Laboratory, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Edouard Tuaillon,
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25
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Bedin AS, Makinson A, Picot MC, Mennechet F, Malergue F, Pisoni A, Nyiramigisha E, Montagnier L, Bollore K, Debiesse S, Morquin D, Bourgoin P, Veyrenche N, Renault C, Foulongne V, Bret C, Bourdin A, Le Moing V, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. Erratum to: Monocyte CD169 Expression as a Biomarker in the Early Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2022; 225:744. [PMID: 35031805 PMCID: PMC8935078 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1411, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Frank Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Malergue
- Department of Research and Development, Immunotech-Beckman Coulter, Marseille, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | | | - Lise Montagnier
- Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Karine Bollore
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Debiesse
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - David Morquin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Pénélope Bourgoin
- Department of Research and Development, Immunotech-Beckman Coulter, Marseille, France
| | | | - Constance Renault
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Caroline Bret
- Laboratory of Hematology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, Montpellier University, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Le Moing
- INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
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26
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Reyné B, Selinger C, Sofonea MT, Miot S, Pisoni A, Tuaillon E, Bousquet J, Blain H, Alizon S. Corrigendum to: Analysing different exposures identifies that wearing masks and establishing COVID-19 areas reduce secondary-attack risk in aged-care facilities. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 51:689. [PMID: 35040476 PMCID: PMC9327109 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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27
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Reyné B, Selinger C, Sofonea MT, Miot S, Pisoni A, Tuaillon E, Bousquet J, Blain H, Alizon S. Analysing different exposures identifies that wearing masks and establishing COVID-19 areas reduce secondary-attack risk in aged-care facilities. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 50:1788-1794. [PMID: 34999872 PMCID: PMC8344874 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 epidemic has spread rapidly within aged-care facilities (ACFs), where the infection-fatality ratio is high. It is therefore urgent to evaluate the efficiency of infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. METHODS We analysed the COVID-19 outbreaks that took place between March and May 2020 in 12 ACFs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using maximum-likelihood approaches and generalized linear mixed models, we analysed the proportion of infected residents in ACFs and identified covariates associated with the proportion of infected residents. RESULTS The secondary-attack risk was estimated at 4.1%, suggesting a high efficiency of the IPC measures implemented in the region. Mask wearing and the establishment of COVID-19 zones for infected residents were the two main covariates associated with lower secondary-attack risks. CONCLUSIONS Wearing masks and isolating potentially infected residents appear to be associated with a more limited spread of SARS-CoV-2 in ACFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Reyné
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie Génétique Évolution Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Selinger
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie Génétique Évolution Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Mircea T Sofonea
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie Génétique Évolution Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Miot
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis & Control of Chronic Infections, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1058, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS), Montpellier University and Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis & Control of Chronic Infections, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1058, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS), Montpellier University and Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Berlin, Germany
- Combattre les Maladies Chroniques Pour un Vieillissement Actif (MACVIA)-France, Montpellier, France
| | - Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
| | - Samuel Alizon
- Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie Génétique Évolution Contrôle (MIVEGEC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier, France
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28
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Blain H, Tuaillon E, Gamon L, Pisoni A, Miot S, Rolland Y, Picot M, Bousquet J. Antibody response after one and two jabs of the BNT162b2 vaccine in nursing home residents: The CONsort-19 study. Allergy 2022; 77:271-281. [PMID: 34286856 PMCID: PMC8441741 DOI: 10.1111/all.15007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The humoral immune response following COVID‐19 vaccination in nursing home residents is poorly known. A longitudinal study compared levels of IgG antibodies against the spike protein (S‐RBD IgG) (S‐RDB protein IgG) after one and two BNT162b2/Pfizer jabs in residents with and without prior COVID‐19. Methods In 22 French nursing homes, COVID‐19 was diagnosed with real‐time reverse‐transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for SARS‐CoV‐2. Blood S‐RDB‐protein IgG and nucleocapsid (N) IgG protein (N‐protein IgG) were measured 21–24 days after the first jab (1,004 residents) and 6 weeks after the second (820 residents). Results In 735 residents without prior COVID‐19, 41.7% remained seronegative for S‐RDB‐protein IgG after the first jab vs. 2.1% of the 270 RT‐PCR‐positive residents (p < 0.001). After the second jab, 3% of the 586 residents without prior COVID‐19 remained seronegative. However, 26.5% had low S‐RDB‐protein IgG levels (50–1050 UA/ml) vs. 6.4% of the 222 residents with prior COVID‐19. Residents with an older infection (first wave), or with N‐protein IgG at the time of vaccination, had the highest S‐RDB‐protein IgG levels. Residents with a prior COVID‐19 infection had higher S‐RDB‐protein IgG levels after one jab than those without after two jabs. Interpretation A single vaccine jab is sufficient to reach a high humoral immune response in residents with prior COVID‐19. Most residents without prior COVID‐19 are seropositive for S‐RDB‐protein IgG after the second jab, but around 30% have low levels. Whether residents with no or low post‐vaccine S‐RDB protein IgG are at higher risk of symptomatic COVID‐19 requires further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Blain
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | | | - Lucie Gamon
- Clinical research and epidemiology unit University hospital Montpellier France
| | | | - Stéphanie Miot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics MUSE University Montpellier France
| | - Yves Rolland
- INSERM 1027 Gérontopôle de Toulouse Toulouse France
| | | | - Jean Bousquet
- Clinical research and epidemiology unit University hospital Montpellier France
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Universitätsmedizin Berlin Germany
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29
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Ladeveze M, Dumont Y, Boursier G, Batteux F, Mahe P, Bensimon Borrull A, Sarrabay G, Bollore K, Tuaillon E, Godreuil S, Jeziorski E. Case Report: Persistency Pneumococcal Polysaccharide in Cerebrospinal Fluid During a Post Pneumococcal Chronic Aseptic Meningitis: Coincidental or (Auto-)Inflammatory Embers. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:762457. [PMID: 35223689 PMCID: PMC8864159 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.762457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 9-months-old boy that has presented a steroid-dependent post-pneumococcal chronic aseptic meningitis was associated with persistence of pneumococcal cell wall components in cerebrospinal fluid during more than 20 months. Suggesting that this antigenic persistence could be involved in post-infectious manifestations through innate immunity response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ladeveze
- Département Urgences Post-Urgences, CEREMAIA, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Dumont
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Boursier
- Laboratoire de Génétique des Maladies Rares et Autoinflammatoires, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CEREMAIA, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frederic Batteux
- Plateforme d'ImmunoMonitoring Vaccinal (PIMV), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Perrine Mahe
- Département Urgences Post-Urgences, CEREMAIA, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurelie Bensimon Borrull
- Plateforme d'ImmunoMonitoring Vaccinal (PIMV), Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Sarrabay
- Laboratoire de Génétique des Maladies Rares et Autoinflammatoires, Département de Génétique Médicale, Maladies Rares et Médecine Personnalisée, CEREMAIA, CHU de Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bollore
- Plateforme Exploration de cellules rares en immunologie et infectiologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PCCEI, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Plateforme Exploration de cellules rares en immunologie et infectiologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PCCEI, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de virologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Godreuil
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,UMR IRD224-CNRS5290-UM MIVEGEC, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Jeziorski
- Département Urgences Post-Urgences, CEREMAIA, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PCCEI, INSERM, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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30
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Gagez AL, Paul F, Alaterre E, Gouilleux-Gruart V, Tuaillon E, Lepretre S, Ternant D, Letestu R, Moreaux J, Cartron G. Angiogenic factors could help us to define patients obtaining complete response with undetectable minimal residual disease in untreated CLL patients treated by FCR: results from the CLL2010FMP, a FILO study. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:3160-3169. [PMID: 34806520 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1955879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is in a constant balance between pro and anti-angiogenic factors. Neoangiogenesis, implicated in metastatic spreading is characterized in solid cancers, but fairly new in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We hypothesize that secretion of angiogenic factors could be correlated to the pathogenesis of CLL, and therefore predict the outcome of patients. We investigated concentrations of 22 cytokines and chemokines in 137 non-del 17p B-CLL patients, treated with a fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab (FCR)-based regimen. We constructed a biomarker index defining different risk groups based on lymphocyte count, the intensity of CD20 antigen on CD19+ cells, Ang-2, and PDGF-BB plasma concentrations at diagnosis. Four groups were defined, exhibiting specific molecular signatures and correlated with progression-free survival of patients. Our results suggest that we can determine at diagnosis of non-del 17p B-CLL patients, those with a very high probability of progression-free survival, independently of IGVH mutational status and residual disease at the end of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Laure Gagez
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Franciane Paul
- University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Department of Bacteriology-Virology, University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - David Ternant
- UMR7292, Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Tours, France
| | - Rémi Letestu
- Department of Biological Hematology, Hospital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | - Jérôme Moreaux
- IGH, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Owens TS, Calverley TA, Stacey BS, Rose G, Fall L, Tsukamoto H, Jones G, Corkill R, Tuaillon E, Hirtz C, Lehmann S, Marchi N, Marley CJ, Bailey DM. Concussion history in rugby union players is associated with depressed cerebrovascular reactivity and cognition. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:2291-2299. [PMID: 34487582 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Recurrent contact and concussion in rugby union remains a significant public health concern given the potential increased risk of neurodegeneration in later life. This study determined to what extent prior-recurrent contact impacts molecular-hemodynamic biomarkers underpinning cognition in current professional rugby union players with a history of concussion. Measurements were performed in 20 professional rugby union players with an average of 16 (interquartile range [IQR] 13-19) years playing history reporting 3 (IQR 1-4) concussions. They were compared to 17 sex-age-physical activity-and education-matched non-contact controls with no prior history of self-reported concussion. Venous blood was assayed directly for the ascorbate free radical (A•- electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy) nitric oxide metabolites (NO reductive ozone-based chemiluminescence) and select biomarkers of neurovascular unit integrity (NVU chemiluminescence/ELISA). Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAv doppler ultrasound) was employed to determine basal perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to hyper/hypocapnia ( CVR CO 2 Hyper / Hypo ). Cognition was assessed by neuropsychometric testing. Elevated systemic oxidative-nitrosative stress was confirmed in the players through increased A•- (p < 0.001) and suppression of NO bioavailability (p < 0.001). This was accompanied by a lower CVR range ( CVR CO 2 Range ; p = 0.045) elevation in neurofilament light-chain (p = 0.010) and frontotemporal impairments in immediate-memory (p = 0.001) delayed-recall (p = 0.048) and fine-motor coordination (p < 0.001). Accelerated cognitive decline subsequent to prior-recurrent contact and concussion history is associated with a free radical-mediated suppression of CVR and neuronal injury providing important mechanistic insight that may help better inform clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S Owens
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Thomas A Calverley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Benjamin S Stacey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - George Rose
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Lewis Fall
- Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Hayato Tsukamoto
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK.,Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Gareth Jones
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Robin Corkill
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- University of Montpellier, CHU of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- University of Montpellier, CHU of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicola Marchi
- Laboratory of Cerebrovascular and Glia Research, Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christopher J Marley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Damian M Bailey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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Constant O, Barthelemy J, Bolloré K, Tuaillon E, Gosselet F, Chable-Bessia C, Merida P, Muriaux D, Van de Perre P, Salinas S, Simonin Y. SARS-CoV-2 Poorly Replicates in Cells of the Human Blood-Brain Barrier Without Associated Deleterious Effects. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697329. [PMID: 34386007 PMCID: PMC8353323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Various neurological symptoms have been associated to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection including headache, fever, anosmia, ageusia, but also, encephalitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome and ischemic stroke. Responsible for the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 may access and affect the central nervous system (CNS) by several pathways such as axonal retrograde transport or through interaction with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. Here, we explored the molecular and cellular effects of direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of human BBB cells. We observed low replication of SARS-CoV-2 that was accompanied by very moderate inflammatory response. Using a human in vitro BBB model, we also described low replication levels without strong inflammatory response or modulation of endothelium integrity. Finally, using serum samples from COVID-19 patients, we highlighted strong concentrations of pro-inflammatory factors that did not perturb BBB integrity after short term exposure. Altogether, our results show that the main mechanism of brain access following SARS-CoV-2 infection does not seem to be directed by brain infection through endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orianne Constant
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jonathan Barthelemy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Univ. Artois, UR 2465, Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique (LBHE), Lens, France
| | - Christine Chable-Bessia
- Centre d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses et de Pharmacologie Anti-Infectieuses, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Peggy Merida
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- Centre d’Etude des Maladies Infectieuses et de Pharmacologie Anti-Infectieuses, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Recherche en Infectiologie de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
- Laboratory of Virology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sara Salinas
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
| | - Yannick Simonin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Antilles University, Montpellier, France
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Van de Perre P, Molès J, Nagot N, Tuaillon E, Ceccaldi P, Goga A, Prendergast AJ, Rollins N. Revisiting Koch's postulate to determine the plausibility of viral transmission by human milk. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:835-842. [PMID: 33594740 PMCID: PMC8359252 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As breastfeeding is of utmost importance for child development and survival, identifying whether breast milk is a route of transmission for human viruses is critical. Based on the principle of Koch's postulate, we propose an analytical framework to determine the plausibility of viral transmission by breast milk. This framework is based on five criteria: viral infection in children receiving breast milk from infected mothers; the presence of virus, viral antigen, or viral genome in the breast milk of infected mothers; the evidence for the virus in breast milk being infectious; the attempts to rule out other transmission modalities; and the reproduction of viral transmission by oral inoculation in an animal model. We searched for evidence in published reports to determine whether the 5 criteria are fulfilled for 16 human viruses that are suspected to be transmissible by breast milk. We considered breast milk transmission is proven if all 5 criteria are fulfilled, as probable if 4 of the 5 criteria are met, as possible if 3 of the 5 criteria are fulfilled, and as unlikely if less than 3 criteria are met. Only five viruses have proven transmission through breast milk: human T-cell lymphotropic virus 1, human immunodeficiency virus, human cytomegalovirus, dengue virus, and Zika virus. The other 11 viruses fulfilled some but not all criteria and were categorized accordingly. Our framework analysis is useful for guiding public health recommendations and for identifying knowledge gaps amenable to original experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Jean‐Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging InfectionsUniversity of MontpellierINSERMEtablissement Français du SangAntilles UniversityMontpellierFrance
- CHU MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Pierre‐Emmanuel Ceccaldi
- Unité Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus OncogènesCNRS UMR 3569Institut PasteurUniversité de ParisParisFrance
| | - Ameena Goga
- HIV Prevention Research UnitSouth African Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child HealthUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Andrew J. Prendergast
- Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health ResearchHarareZimbabwe
| | - Nigel Rollins
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and AgeingWorld Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland
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Bommart S, Charriot J, Nagot N, Vernhet-Kovacsik H, Revel MP, Boissin C, Bourdin A, Tuaillon E. Differentiating between active and latent tuberculosis with chest computed tomography. Diagn Interv Imaging 2021; 102:605-610. [PMID: 34183300 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of chest computed tomography (CT) in distinguishing between active and latent tuberculosis in patients positive for interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) testing, and to compare the performance of CT with that of quantitative IGRA testing in a low incidence setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with latent or active tuberculosis define by an IGRA positive test were retrospectively recruited. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were determined for CT variables and quantitative IGRA results. Final diagnosis of active tuberculosis was based on clinical data and microbiological culture. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed using logistic regression model to identify CT variables associated with the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. RESULTS A total of 92 patients with positive IGRA results who underwent CT examination were included. There were 54 men and 38 women with a mean age of 53.5±18 (SD) years (range: 40-68 years). Of them, 22 patients (24%) had positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and 70 (76%) had latent tuberculosis. Among CT variables, consolidation had the greatest sensitivity (77%; 95%CI: 60-95%) and "tree-in-bud" the greatest specificity (97%; 95% CI: 93-100%) for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. At univariable analysis "tree-in-bud", splenic calcification and non-calcified lung nodules were the significant variables independently associated with active tuberculosis. At multivariable analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of "tree-in-bud" was 42.91 (95% CI: 5.62-327.42). Using an optimal threshold of 51 spots, quantitative IGRA yielded 64% sensitivity (95% CI: 44-84%) and 61% specificity (95% CI: 50-73%) for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis. CONCLUSIONS In a low incidence setting, chest CT, especially when "tree-in-bud" pattern is present, is superior to quantitative IGRA testing to identify patients with active tuberculosis among those with positive IGRA testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bommart
- Department of Radiology, CHU Montpellier, avenue Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34000 Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp Inserm U1046, UMR9214 CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Jeremy Charriot
- PhyMedExp Inserm U1046, UMR9214 CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France; Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Department of Biostatistics, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Vernhet-Kovacsik
- Department of Radiology, CHU Montpellier, avenue Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie P Revel
- Department of Radiology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, 75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris, Faculté de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Clément Boissin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- PhyMedExp Inserm U1046, UMR9214 CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France; Department of Respiratory Diseases, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- UMR1058 Inserm, 34000 Montpellier, France; Department of Bacteriology-Virology, CHU Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
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Adawaye C, Souleymane AO, Fouda AA, Djarma O, Cournil A, Tuaillon E, Mennechet FJD. Syphilis diagnosis and serological response to Benzathine Penicillin G among patients attending HIV clinics in N'Djaména, Chad. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 108:461-464. [PMID: 34051363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syphilis is endemic in the Sub-Saharan zone and disproportionately affects at-risk populations such as men who have sex with men, sex workers and HIV infected individuals. In this study, we measure the impact of syphilis among people living with HIV in the Republic of Chad, where no data are currently available. METHOD Outpatients attending 2 HIV clinics in N'Djamena, Republic of Chad, were tested for syphilis. Subjects who tested positive for both non-treponemal (VDRL) and treponemal (TPHA) received a single dose of Benzathine Penicillin G, 2.4 MU. An additional VDRL test was performed 6 months after treatment to ensure appropriate serological response. RESULTS Of 207 patients included, 29 (14%) tested positive for VDRL at the first visit, with moderate/low antibody titers (ranging from 1/2 to 1/8); 24 (82.6%) of these had treponemal immunization confirmed by TPHA test. Six months after Benzathine Penicillin treatment, 22/24 of the patients (91.6%) tested negative for VDRL, and 2 showed a 4-fold titer decline. CONCLUSION This first study in the Republic of Chad suggests that syphilis infection is frequent among people living with HIV in this country. Systematic screening of syphilis should be considered in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatté Adawaye
- Institut National Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques d'Abéché, Abéché, Republic of Chad.
| | - Adda Oumar Souleymane
- Institut National Supérieur des Sciences et Techniques d'Abéché, Abéché, Republic of Chad
| | | | - Oumaïma Djarma
- Republic of Chad Ministry of Public Health, Republic of Chad
| | - Amandine Cournil
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Franck J D Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University Hospital, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.
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Blain H, Gamon L, Tuaillon E, Pisoni A, Giacosa N, Albrand M, Miot S, Rolland Y, Picot MC, Bousquet J. Atypical symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 test results and immunisation rates in 456 residents from eight nursing homes facing a COVID-19 outbreak. Age Ageing 2021; 50:641-648. [PMID: 33620381 PMCID: PMC7929417 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frail older persons may have an atypical presentation of COVID-19. The value of rRT-PCR testing for identifying SARS-CoV-2 nursing homes (NH) residents is not known. Objective To determine whether (i) atypical symptoms may predict rRT-PCR results and (ii) rRT-PCR results may predict immunization against SARS-CoV-2 in NH residents. Design A retrospective longitudinal study. Setting eight NHs with at least ten rRT-PCR-positive residents. Subjects 456 residents. Methods Typical and atypical symptoms recorded in residents’ files during the 14 days before and after rRT-PCR testing were analyzed. Residents underwent blood testing for IgG-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein 6 to 8 weeks after testing. Univariate and multivariate analyses compared symptoms and immunization rates in rRT-PCR-positive and negative residents. Results 161 residents had a positive rRT-PCR (35.3%), 17.4% of whom were asymptomatic before testing. Temperature > 37.8°C, oxygen saturation < 90%, unexplained anorexia, behavioural change, exhaustion, malaise, and falls before testing were independent predictors of a further positive rRT-PCR. Among the rRT-PCR-positive residents, 95.2% developed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies vs 7.6% in the rRT-PCR-negative residents. Among the residents with a negative rRT-PCR, those who developed SARS-CoV-2 antibodies more often had typical or atypical symptoms (p = 0.02 and < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion This study supports a strategy based on (i) testing residents with typical or unexplained atypical symptoms for an early identification of the first SARS-CoV-2 cases, (ii) rT-PCR testing for identifying COVID-19 residents, (iii) repeated wide-facility testing (including asymptomatic cases) as soon as a resident is tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and (iv) implementing SARS-CoV-2 infection control measures in rRT-PCR-negative residents when they have unexplained typical or atypical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Blain
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
| | - Lucie Gamon
- Department of Medical Information, University Hospital of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, INSERM 1058, Montpellier University, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Department of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, INSERM 1058, Montpellier University, France
| | - Nadia Giacosa
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
| | - Mylène Albrand
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
| | - Stéphanie Miot
- Department of Geriatrics, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier University, France
- CESP, INSERM U1178, Centre de recherche en Epidemiologie et Santé des Populations, Paris, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, INSERM 1027; 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Department of Medical Information, University Hospital of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Bousquet
- Charité, Univeersitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Berlin, Germany
- MACVIA-France, Montpellier, France
- University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Montoya-Ferrer A, Sanosyan A, Fayd'herbe de Maudave A, Pisoni A, Bollore K, Molès JP, Peries M, Tylleskar T, Tumwine JK, Ndeezi G, Gorgolas M, Nagot N, van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. Clinical and Biological Factors Associated With Early Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Uninfected Infants in Eastern Uganda. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:1026-1032. [PMID: 32067040 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune control of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is impaired in individuals with HIV. We explored maternal factors associated with EBV acquisition in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants and the relationship between EBV infection and serious adverse events (SAEs) during the first year of life. METHODS 201 HEU infants from Uganda enrolled in the ANRS 12174 trial were tested for antiviral capsid antigen (anti-VCA) antibodies at week 50. Date of infection was estimated by testing EBV DNA at weeks 1, 6, 14, 26, 38, and 50 postpartum on dried blood spots. RESULTS Eighty-seven (43%) infants tested positive for anti-VCA IgG at week 50. Among the 59 infants positive for EBV DNA, 25% were infected within the first 26 weeks. Almost half (12%) were infected before week 14. Shedding of EBV in breast milk was associated with EBV DNA in maternal plasma (P = .009), HIV RNA detection (P = .039), and lower CD4 count (P = .001) and correlated with plasma EBV DNA levels (P = .002). EBV infant infection at week 50 was associated with shedding of EBV in breast milk (P = .009) and young maternal age (P = .029). Occurrence of a clinical SAE, including malaria and pneumonia, was associated with higher levels of EBV DNA in infants (P = .010). CONCLUSIONS By assessing EBV infection in HEU infants we observed that infection during the first year is determined by HIV and EBV maternal factors and that EBV DNA levels were higher among infants with clinical SAEs. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00640263.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Montoya-Ferrer
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Armen Sanosyan
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alexis Fayd'herbe de Maudave
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bollore
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marianne Peries
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - James K Tumwine
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Grace Ndeezi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Miguel Gorgolas
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Etablissement Français du Sang, University of Montpellier, Montpellier University Hospital CHU, Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Blain H, Tuaillon E, Gamon L, Pisoni A, Miot S, Picot MC, Bousquet J. Spike Antibody Levels of Nursing Home Residents With or Without Prior COVID-19 3 Weeks After a Single BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose. JAMA 2021; 325:2778926. [PMID: 33856406 PMCID: PMC8050783 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2021.6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Blain
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, MUSE University, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lucie Gamon
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Stephanie Miot
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, MUSE University, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean Bousquet
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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39
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Micas F, Suin V, Péron JM, Scholtes C, Tuaillon E, Vanwolleghem T, Bocket L, Lhomme S, Dimeglio C, Izopet J, Abravanel F. Analyses of Clinical and Biological Data for French and Belgian Immunocompetent Patients Infected With Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 4 and 3. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:645020. [PMID: 33936003 PMCID: PMC8079808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.645020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 3 and 4 are the major causes of acute hepatitis in industrialized countries. Genotype 3 is mainly found in Europe and America, while genotype 4 is predominant in Asia. Several Japanese studies have suggested that genotype 4 is more virulent than genotype 3. We investigated this aspect by analyzing the clinical and biological data for 27 French and Belgian immunocompetent patients infected with HEV genotype 4. Their infections were probably acquired locally, since none of these patients reported traveling outside France or Belgium during the 2–8 weeks before symptoms onset. Each patient was matched for age (±5 years) and gender with two patients infected with HEV genotype 3. Bivariate analysis indicated that the HEV genotype 4-infected patients had significantly higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (2067 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (1581 IU/L) activities and total bilirubin concentrations (92.4 μmol/L) than did those infected with HEV genotype 3 (1566 IU/L, p = 0.016; 657 IU/L, p = 0.003 and 47 μmol/L, p = 0.046) at diagnosis. In contrast, more patients infected with HEV genotype 3 reported dark urine (71% vs. 39%, p = 0.02) and experienced asthenia (89% vs. 58%, p < 0.01) than did those infected with HEV genotype 4. Two HEV genotype 4-infected patients died of multi-organ failure, while none of the genotype 3-infected patients died (p = 0.035). Finally, stepwise regression analysis retained only a greater increase in ALT (odds-ratio: 1.0005, 95% confidence interval: 1.00012–1.00084) and less frequent fever (odds-ratio = 0.1244; 95% confidence interval: 0.01887–0.82020) for patients infected with HEV genotype 4. We conclude that HEV-4 infections are likely to be associated with higher ALT activity than HEV-3 infections. Additional immunological and virological studies are required to confirm these findings and better understand the influence, if any, of genotype on HEV pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Micas
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Centre of Hepatitis E Viruses, Federal Institute of Biology, University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanessa Suin
- National Reference Centre of Hepatitis Viruses, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Péron
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Scholtes
- INSERM U1052-Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France.,University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL1), Lyon, France.,Department of Virology, Croix Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Vanwolleghem
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laurence Bocket
- Virology Laboratory EA3610, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Center, Lille, France
| | - Sébastien Lhomme
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Centre of Hepatitis E Viruses, Federal Institute of Biology, University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France.,UMR Inserm U1043, UMR CNRS, U5282, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Chloé Dimeglio
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Centre of Hepatitis E Viruses, Federal Institute of Biology, University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France.,UMR Inserm U1043, UMR CNRS, U5282, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Jacques Izopet
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Centre of Hepatitis E Viruses, Federal Institute of Biology, University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France.,UMR Inserm U1043, UMR CNRS, U5282, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Abravanel
- Virology Laboratory, National Reference Centre of Hepatitis E Viruses, Federal Institute of Biology, University Hospital Center, Toulouse, France.,UMR Inserm U1043, UMR CNRS, U5282, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, France
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40
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Villerabel C, Makinson A, Jaussent A, Picot MC, Nègre-Pagès L, Rouvière JA, Favier V, Crampette L, Morquin D, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Tuaillon E, Venail F. Diagnostic Value of Patient-Reported and Clinically Tested Olfactory Dysfunction in a Population Screened for COVID-19. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2021; 147:271-279. [PMID: 33410887 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.5074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Importance Recent studies have suggested that olfactory dysfunction and gustatory dysfunction are associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, olfaction has been evaluated solely on reported symptoms, after COVID-19 diagnosis, and in both mild and severe COVID-19 cases, but rarely has it been assessed in prospectively unselected populations. Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of a semiobjective olfactory test developed to assess patient-reported chemosensory dysfunction prior to testing for the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients attending a COVID-19 screening facility. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective diagnostic study with participants and observers blinded to COVID-19 status was conducted in a COVID-19 screening center of a tertiary university hospital in France from March 23 to April 22, 2020. Participants were 854 consecutively included health care workers or outpatients with symptoms or with close contact with an index case. Exclusion criteria were prior chemosensory dysfunction, testing inability, or contraindications (n = 45). Main Outcomes and Measures Participants were interviewed to ascertain their symptoms and then underwent Clinical Olfactory Dysfunction Assessment (CODA), an ad hoc test developed for a simple and fast evaluation of olfactory function. This assessment followed a standardized procedure in which participants identified and rated the intensity of 3 scents (lavender, lemongrass, and mint) to achieve a summed score ranging from 0 to 6. The COVID-19 status was assessed using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in samples collected via nasopharyngeal swab (reference standard) to calculate the diagnostic values of patient-reported chemosensory dysfunction and CODA. Results Of 809 participants, the female to male sex ratio was 2.8, and the mean (SD) age was 41.8 (13.0) years (range, 18-94 years). All participants, if symptomatic, had mild disease at the time of testing, and 58 (7.2%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Chemosensory dysfunction was reported by 20 of 58 participants (34.5%) with confirmed COVID-19 vs 29 of 751 participants (3.9%) who tested negative for COVID-19 (absolute difference, 30.6% [95% CI, 18.3%-42.9%]). Olfactory dysfunction, either self-reported or clinically ascertained (CODA score ≤3), yielded similar sensitivity (0.31 [95% CI, 0.20-0.45] vs 0.34 [95% CI, 0.22-0.48]) and specificity (0.97 [95% CI, 0.96-0.98) vs 0.98 [95% CI, 0.96-0.99]) for COVID-19 diagnosis. Concordance was high between reported and clinically tested olfactory dysfunction, with a Gwet AC1 of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.93-0.97). Of 19 participants, 15 (78.9%) with both reported olfactory dysfunction and a CODA score of 3 or lower were confirmed to have COVID-19. The CODA score also revealed 5 of 19 participants (26.3%) with confirmed COVID-19 who had previously unperceived olfactory dysfunction. Conclusions and Relevance In this prospective diagnostic study of outpatients with asymptomatic or mild to moderate COVID-19, systematically assessed anamnesis and clinical testing with the newly developed CODA were complementary and specific for chemosensory dysfunction. Olfactory dysfunction was suggestive of COVID-19, particularly when clinical testing confirmed anamnesis. However, normal olfaction was most common among patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Villerabel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1175, Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Jaussent
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM CIC 1411, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Nègre-Pagès
- Clinical Research and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Information, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Valentin Favier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Louis Crampette
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - David Morquin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1175, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1175, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Le Moing
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1175, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- INSERM U1058-Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Venail
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U1051-Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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41
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Bedin AS, Makinson A, Picot MC, Mennechet F, Malergue F, Pisoni A, Nyiramigisha E, Montagnier L, Bollore K, Debiesse S, Morquin D, Veyrenche N, Renault C, Foulongne V, Bret C, Bourdin A, Le Moing V, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. Monocyte CD169 Expression as a Biomarker in the Early Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:562-567. [PMID: 33206973 PMCID: PMC7717347 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the expression of CD169, a type I interferon-inducible receptor, on monocytes (mCD169) in 53 adult patients admitted to the hospital during the COVID-19 outbreak for a suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection. mCD169 was strongly overexpressed in 30 out of 32 (93.7%) confirmed COVID-19 cases, compared to three out of 21 (14.3%) patients in whom the diagnosis of COVID-19 was finally ruled out. mCD169 was associated with the plasma interferon alpha level and thrombocytopenia. mCD169 testing may be helpful for the rapid triage of suspected COVID-19 patients during an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Christine Picot
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1411, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Frank Mennechet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Malergue
- Department of Research and Development, Immunotech-Beckman Coulter, Marseille, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | | | - Lise Montagnier
- Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Karine Bollore
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Ségolène Debiesse
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - David Morquin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Constance Renault
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Caroline Bret
- Laboratory of Hematology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Arnaud Bourdin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France.,PhyMedExp, Montpellier University, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Le Moing
- INSERM U1175/IRD UMI 233, IRD, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, Montpellier University, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Virology, Montpellier University Hospital, France
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42
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Veyrenche N, Bolloré K, Pisoni A, Bedin AS, Mondain AM, Ducos J, Segondy M, Montes B, Pastor P, Morquin D, Makinson A, Le Moing V, Van de Perre P, Foulongne V, Tuaillon E. Diagnosis value of SARS-CoV-2 antigen/antibody combined testing using rapid diagnostic tests at hospital admission. J Med Virol 2021; 93:3069-3076. [PMID: 33554363 PMCID: PMC8013599 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The implementation of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) may enhance the efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) testing, as RDTs are widely accessible and easy to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a diagnosis strategy based on a combination of antigen and immunoglobulin M (IgM) or immunoglobulin G (IgG) serological RDTs. Plasma and nasopharyngeal samples were collected between 14 March and 11 April 2020 at hospital admission from 45 patients with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) confirmed COVID‐19 and 20 negative controls. SARS‐CoV‐2 antigen (Ag) was assessed in nasopharyngeal swabs using the Coris Respi‐Strip. For IgM/IgG detection, SureScreen Diagnostics and Szybio Biotech RDTs were used in addition to laboratory assays (Abbott Alinity i SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and Theradiag COVID‐19 IgM enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay). Using the Ag RDT, 13 out of 45 (29.0%) specimens tested positive, the sensitivity was 87.0% for cycle threshold (Ct) values ≤25% and 0% for Ct values greater than 25. IgG detection was associated with high Ct values and the amount of time after the onset of symptoms. The profile of isolated IgM on RDTs was more frequently observed during the first and second week after the onset of symptoms. The combination of Ag and IgM/IgG RDTs enabled the detection of up to 84.0% of COVID‐19 confirmed cases at hospital admission. Antigen and antibody‐based RDTs showed suboptimal performances when used alone. However when used in combination, they are able to identify most COVID‐19 patients admitted in an emergency department. Antigen and antibody‐based RDTs showed suboptimal performances when used alone. The Ag RDT showed good sensitivity on samples with CT values below 25. IgM/IgG RDTs showed good sensitivity as of the second week after onset of symptoms. The combination of Ag and IgM/IgG RDTs identified most patients with COVID‐19. RDTs may have a significant place in the global response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Veyrenche
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Bolloré
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Michel Segondy
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - David Morquin
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Makinson
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Le Moing
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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43
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Cotte L, Hocqueloux L, Lefebvre M, Pradat P, Bani-Sadr F, Huleux T, Poizot-Martin I, Pugliese P, Rey D, Cabié A, Chirouze C, Drobacheff-Thiébaut C, Foltzer A, Bouiller K, Hustache-Mathieu L, Lepiller Q, Bozon F, Babre O, Brunel AS, Muret P, Chevalier E, Jacomet C, Laurichesse H, Lesens O, Vidal M, Mrozek N, Aumeran C, Baud O, Corbin V, Goncalvez E, Mirand A, brebion A, Henquell C, Lamaury I, Fabre I, Curlier E, Ouissa R, Herrmann-Storck C, Tressieres B, Receveur MC, Boulard F, Daniel C, Clavel C, Roger PM, Markowicz S, Chellum Rungen N, Merrien D, Perré P, Guimard T, Bollangier O, Leautez S, Morrier M, Laine L, Boucher D, Point P, Cotte L, Ader F, Becker A, Boibieux A, Brochier C, Brunel-Dalmas F, Cannesson O, Chiarello P, Chidiac C, Degroodt S, Ferry T, Godinot M, Livrozet JM, Makhloufi D, Miailhes P, Perpoint T, Perry M, Pouderoux C, Roux S, Triffault-Fillit C, Valour F, Charre C, Icard V, Tardy JC, Trabaud MA, Ravaux I, Ménard A, Belkhir AY, Colson P, Dhiver C, Madrid A, Martin-Degioanni M, Meddeb L, Mokhtari M, Motte A, Raoux A, Toméi C, Tissot-Dupont H, Poizot-Martin I, Brégigeon S, Zaegel-Faucher O, Obry-Roguet V, Laroche H, Orticoni M, Soavi MJ, Ressiot E, Ducassou MJ, Jaquet I, Galie S, Colson H, Ritleng AS, Ivanova A, Debreux C, Lions C, Rojas-Rojas T, Cabié A, Abel S, Bavay J, Bigeard B, Cabras O, Cuzin L, Dupin de Majoubert R, Fagour L, Guitteaud K, Marquise A, Najioullah F, Pierre-François S, Pasquier J, Richard P, Rome K, Turmel JM, Varache C, Atoui N, Bistoquet M, Delaporte E, Le Moing V, Makinson A, Meftah N, Merle de Boever C, Montes B, Montoya Ferrer A, Tuaillon E, Reynes J, Lefèvre B, Jeanmaire E, Hénard S, Frentiu E, Charmillon A, Legoff A, Tissot N, André M, Boyer L, Bouillon MP, Delestan M, Goehringer F, Bevilacqua S, Rabaud C, May T, Raffi F, Allavena C, Aubry O, Billaud E, Biron C, Bonnet B, Bouchez S, Boutoille D, Brunet-Cartier C, Deschanvres C, Gaborit BJ, Grégoire A, Grégoire M, Grossi O, Guéry R, Jovelin T, Lefebvre M, Le Turnier P, Lecomte R, Morineau P, Reliquet V, Sécher S, Cavellec M, Paredes E, Soria A, Ferré V, André-Garnier E, Rodallec A, Pugliese P, Breaud S, Ceppi C, Chirio D, Cua E, Dellamonica P, Demonchy E, De Monte A, Durant J, Etienne C, Ferrando S, Garraffo R, Michelangeli C, Mondain V, Naqvi A, Oran N, Perbost I, Carles M, Klotz C, Maka A, Pradier C, Prouvost-Keller B, Risso K, Rio V, Rosenthal E, Touitou I, Wehrlen-Pugliese S, Zouzou G, Hocqueloux L, Prazuck T, Gubavu C, Sève A, Giaché S, Rzepecki V, Colin M, Boulard C, Thomas G, Cheret A, Goujard C, Quertainmont Y, Teicher E, Lerolle N, Jaureguiberry S, Colarino R, Deradji O, Castro A, Barrail-Tran A, Yazdanpanah Y, Landman R, Joly V, Ghosn J, Rioux C, Lariven S, Gervais A, Lescure FX, Matheron S, Louni F, Julia Z, Le GAC S, Charpentier C, Descamps D, Peytavin G, Duvivier C, Aguilar C, Alby-Laurent F, Amazzough K, Benabdelmoumen G, Bossi P, Cessot G, Charlier C, Consigny PH, Jidar K, Lafont E, Lanternier F, Leporrier J, Lortholary O, Louisin C, Lourenco J, Parize P, Pilmis B, Rouzaud C, Touam F, Valantin MA, Tubiana R, Agher R, Seang S, Schneider L, PaLich R, Blanc C, Katlama C, Bani-Sadr F, Berger JL, N’Guyen Y, Lambert D, Kmiec I, Hentzien M, Brunet A, Romaru J, Marty H, Brodard V, Arvieux C, Tattevin P, Revest M, Souala F, Baldeyrou M, Patrat-Delon S, Chapplain JM, Benezit F, Dupont M, Poinot M, Maillard A, Pronier C, Lemaitre F, Morlat C, Poisson-Vannier M, Jovelin T, Sinteff JP, Gagneux-Brunon A, Botelho-Nevers E, Frésard A, Ronat V, Lucht F, Rey D, Fischer P, Partisani M, Cheneau C, Priester M, Mélounou C, Bernard-Henry C, de Mautort E, Fafi-Kremer S, Delobel P, Alvarez M, Biezunski N, Debard A, Delpierre C, Gaube G, Lansalot P, Lelièvre L, Marcel M, Martin-Blondel G, Piffaut M, Porte L, Saune K, Robineau O, Ajana F, Aïssi E, Alcaraz I, Alidjinou E, Baclet V, Bocket L, Boucher A, Digumber M, Huleux T, Lafon-Desmurs B, Meybeck A, Pradier M, Tetart M, Thill P, Viget N, Valette M. Microelimination or Not? The Changing Epidemiology of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Hepatitis C Virus Coinfection in France 2012–2018. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e3266-e3274. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The arrival of highly effective, well-tolerated, direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) led to a dramatic decrease in hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-HCV–coinfected patients are deemed a priority population for HCV elimination, while a rise in recently acquired HCV infections in men who have sex with men (MSM) has been described. We describe the variations in HIV-HCV epidemiology in the French Dat’AIDS cohort.
Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of persons living with HIV (PLWH) from 2012 to 2018. We determined HCV prevalence, HCV incidence, proportion of viremic patients, treatment uptake, and mortality rate in the full cohort and by HIV risk factors.
Results
From 2012 to 2018, 50 861 PLWH with a known HCV status were followed up. During the period, HCV prevalence decreased from 15.4% to 13.5%. HCV prevalence among new HIV cases increased from 1.9% to 3.5% in MSM but remained stable in other groups. Recently acquired HCV incidence increased from 0.36/100 person-years to 1.25/100 person-years in MSM. The proportion of viremic patients decreased from 67.0% to 8.9%. MSM became the first group of viremic patients in 2018 (37.9%). Recently acquired hepatitis represented 59.2% of viremic MSM in 2018. DAA treatment uptake increased from 11.4% to 61.5%. More treatments were initiated in MSM in 2018 (41.2%) than in intravenous drug users (35.6%). In MSM, treatment at the acute phase represented 30.0% of treatments in 2018.
Conclusions
A major shift in HCV epidemiology was observed in PLWH in France from 2012 to 2018, leading to a unique situation in which the major group of HCV transmission in 2018 was MSM.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02898987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Cotte
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1052, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Régional d’Orléans – La Source, Orléans, France
| | - Maeva Lefebvre
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes; Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC) 1413, INSERM, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre Pradat
- Center for Clinical Research, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Firouze Bani-Sadr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Robert Debré Hospital, University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Thomas Huleux
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Travel Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Gustave-Dron, Tourcoing, France
| | - Isabelle Poizot-Martin
- Immuno-Hematology Clinic, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite, Marseille, Aix-MarseilleUniversity–Inserm–Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l’Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Pugliese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Hôpital l’Archet, Nice, France
| | - David Rey
- HIV Infection Care Centre, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg
| | - André Cabié
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Martinique, Fort de France, Université des Antilles EA4537, Fort de France, INSERM CIC1424, Fort-de-France, France
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Rahib D, Delagreverie H, Gabassi A, Le Thi TT, Vassel E, Vodosin P, Leveau B, Pisoni A, Tuaillon E, Digne J, Icard V, Delaugerre C, Lydié N. Online self-sampling kits to screen multipartner MSM for HIV and other STIs: participant characteristics and factors associated with kit use in the first 3 months of the MemoDepistages programme, France, 2018. Sex Transm Infect 2021; 97:134-140. [PMID: 33397802 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In 2017, to reduce the proportion of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the undiagnosed HIV population in France (38%), HIV screening is advised each 3 months and STI screening is advised each year in multipartner MSM. Despite the range of testing solutions, over 40% of MSM were not tested for HIV and over 50% for STIs in the past year. Based on international experiments that offer screening solutions via online advertising, the French National Health Agency launched a programme (MemoDepistages) to provide a free self-sampling kit (SSK) for HIV and STIs. This article analyses the sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics of MSM in terms of kit acceptance and sample return. METHODS Participants were registered for the programme online after ordering an SSK. The study included men aged over 18 years, living in one of the four selected French regions, and willing to disclose their postal and email address; they had health insurance, acknowledged more than one male partner in the past year, indicated a seronegative or unknown HIV status and were not taking medically prescribed pre-exposure prophylaxis drugs. Samples were collected by users and posted directly to the laboratory. Characteristics associated with kit acceptance and sample return were analysed using logistic regression. RESULTS Overall, 7158 eligible MSM were offered to participate in the programme, with 3428 ordering the kit (47.9%) and 1948 returning their sample, leading to a return rate of 56.8% and an overall participation rate of 27.2%. Acceptance and return rates were strongly associated with sociodemographic characteristics, mainly education level but not with behavioural characteristics. Non-college graduates had lower acceptance (44.2%) and return rates (47.7%). CONCLUSION The programme rapidly recruited a large number of MSM. It removed geographical inequalities related to screening access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Rahib
- Sexual Health Unit, Santé publique France, Saint Maurice, France .,iPLESP UMRS1136, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Audrey Gabassi
- Microbiology Department, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Thanh-Thuy Le Thi
- Centre de ressources biologiques Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Eleonore Vassel
- Centre de ressources biologiques Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Vodosin
- Centre de ressources biologiques Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Benjamin Leveau
- Centre de ressources biologiques Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Amandine Pisoni
- Département de bactériologie-virologie, Inserm UMR 1058, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Département de bactériologie-virologie, Inserm UMR 1058, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Vinca Icard
- Centre de ressources biologiques Nord, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Nathalie Lydié
- Sexual Health Unit, Santé publique France, Saint Maurice, France
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Bistoquet M, Galtier F, Marin G, Villard O, Ferreira R, Hermabessiere S, Montoya A, Jumas-Bilak E, Pageaux GP, Dereure O, Chanques G, Klouche K, Morquin D, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Picot MC, Tuaillon E, Makinson A. Increased risks of SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial acquisition in high-risk COVID-19 units justify personal protective equipment: a cross-sectional study. J Hosp Infect 2020; 107:108-110. [PMID: 33137443 PMCID: PMC7604137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Bistoquet
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Galtier
- Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC), Inserm 1411, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Marin
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical Statistics and Public Health, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Villard
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France; Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - R Ferreira
- Clinical Department for Osteoarticular Diseases and Biotherapy, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Hermabessiere
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Montoya
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Jumas-Bilak
- Hygiene Department, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G-P Pageaux
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation,University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Dereure
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G Chanques
- Department of Anaesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - K Klouche
- Intensive Care Unit, Univesity Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - D Morquin
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J Reynes
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France
| | - V Le Moing
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France
| | - M-C Picot
- Department of Epidemiology, Medical Statistics and Public Health, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - E Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - A Makinson
- Infectious Diseases Departement, University Hospital Montpellier, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1175/Institut de Recherche et de Developement, Unité Mixte International, Montpellier, France.
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Guingané AN, Bougouma A, Sombié R, King R, Nagot N, Meda N, Van de Perre P, Tuaillon E. Identifying gaps across the cascade of care for the prevention of HBV mother-to-child transmission in Burkina Faso: Findings from the real world. Liver Int 2020; 40:2367-2376. [PMID: 32633864 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) is a challenge for controlling the hepatitis B epidemic. In Sub-Saharan countries, pilot interventions including the screening of pregnant women for HBsAg, implementation of anti-HBV therapy and infant immunization within 24 hours of life are initiated and need to be evaluated. This pilot study aimed to describe the cascade of care for hepatitis B PMTCT in a real life situation, and to identify sociodemographic factors associated with adequate management of pregnant women and infants. METHOD The study was conducted from October 1st, 2014 to February 28th, 2016 in the antenatal clinics (ANCV) of Baskuy district which comprises nine first-level public health centres. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify sociodemographic factors associated with the likelihood of retention in the cohort, HBV DNA testing, birth dose delivery and HBsAg testing of the children at 6 months of age; P ˂ .05 was selected as cut off for significance. RESULTS In this prospective cohort study, of 5200 pregnant women consulting for the antenatal visit, 2261 (43.5%) were proposed pre-test counselling and HBsAg screening and 2220 (98.2%) have agreed to screening. Among 1580 (71.2%) women that came back for the post-counselling interview, 75 were positive for HBsAg (4.8%), 73 (97.3% of the women provided HBsAg result) consented to medical consultation with hepatogastroenterologists and 53 (72.6%); performed the HBV DNA testing. Forty-seven out of 60 (78.3%; 65.8-87.9) children born alive were immunized for HBV within 24 hours of life. Retention in care was associated with the level of education of the infant's father, secondary school or higher was associated with a better retention in care of the women (OR: 6.6; P = .03). CONCLUSION Our study shows large gaps in HBV PMTCT. Resources for hepatitis B screening, care and prevention including universal access to the vaccine birth dose should be allocated to reduce infection in HBV exposed infants born in Burkina Faso.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice N Guingané
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Alain Bougouma
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Roger Sombié
- Hepatogastroenterology Department, Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Rachel King
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM/EFS, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM/EFS, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM/EFS, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM/EFS, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Valverde-Villegas JM, Naranjo-Gomez M, Durand M, Rutagwera D, Bedin AS, Kankasa C, Debiesse S, Nagot N, Tuaillon E, Van de Perre P, Molès JP. The CD133 + Stem/Progenitor-Like Cell Subset Is Increased in Human Milk and Peripheral Blood of HIV-Positive Women. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:546189. [PMID: 33102251 PMCID: PMC7546783 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.546189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk is a significant source of different CD133+ and/or CD34+ stem/progenitor-like cell subsets in healthy women but their cell distribution and percentages in this compartment of HIV-positive women have not been explored. To date, a decrease of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell frequencies in peripheral blood and bone marrow of HIV-positive patients has been reported. Herein, human milk and peripheral blood samples were collected between day 2–15 post-partum from HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, and cells were stained with stem cell markers and analyzed by flow cytometry. We report that the median percentage of CD45+/highCD34−CD133+ cell subset from milk and blood was significantly higher in HIV-positive than in HIV-negative women. The percentage of CD45dimCD34−CD133+ cell subset from blood was significantly higher in HIV-positive than HIV-negative women. Moreover, percentages of CD45dimCD34+, CD45dimCD34+CD133−, and CD45+highCD34+CD133− cell subsets from blood were significantly lower in HIV-positive than HIV-negative women. The CD133+ stem/progenitor-like cell subsets are increased in early human milk and blood of HIV-positive women and are differentially distributed to CD34+ cell subset frequencies which are decreased in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline María Valverde-Villegas
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Mar Naranjo-Gomez
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.,IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mélusine Durand
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - David Rutagwera
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Anne-Sophie Bedin
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Chipepo Kankasa
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Ségolène Debiesse
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Department of Bacteriology-Virology and Department of Medical Information, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Department of Bacteriology-Virology and Department of Medical Information, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Van de Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France.,CHU Montpellier, Department of Bacteriology-Virology and Department of Medical Information, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections (PCCI), INSERM, University of Montpellier, Établissement Français du Sang, Montpellier, France
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Villerabel C, Makinson A, Jaussent A, Picot M, Nègre-Pagès L, Morquin D, Reynes J, Le Moing V, Tuaillon E, Venail F. Dépistage de la COVID-19 : valeurs diagnostiques d’une anosmie rapportée ou objectivée par un test clinique. Med Mal Infect 2020. [PMCID: PMC7442001 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Des études européennes suggèrent que l’anosmie est fortement associée à l’infection par SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Cependant, dans ces études, les patients étaient sélectionnés et évalués après diagnostic, sans groupe contrôle, et les troubles olfactifs étaient rapportés sans évaluation clinique. Dans cette étude nous avons évalué la valeur diagnostique de l’anosmie rapportée et de l’anosmie objectivée par un test olfactif standardisé avant prélèvement dans un centre de dépistage du SARS-CoV-2. Matériels et méthodes Étude diagnostique proposée de façon consécutive à tout adulte se présentant pour un prélèvement diagnostique par RT-PCR nasopharyngé au centre de dépistage ambulatoire du SARS-CoV-2 du CHU entre le 23 mars et le 22 avril 2020. Les critères de non-inclusion étaient un antécédent de troubles olfactifs, une indication d’hospitalisation, une barrière de la langue, des troubles cognitifs, et une grossesse ou un allaitement en cours. Les personnes répondaient à un questionnaire syndromique, puis réalisaient un examen olfactif standardisé à l’aide de trois bandelettes imprégnées de 5 microlitres d’huiles essentielles (lavande, citronnelle et menthe poivrée). Un score basé sur la reconnaissance et l’intensité des odeurs variait de 0 (anosmie totale) à 6 (normosmie). Les personnes avec un score olfactif < 4 étaient considérées anosmiques. Le prélèvement nasopharyngé était ensuite réalisé. Les valeurs de sensibilité et de spécificité de l’anosmie rapportée ou objectivée étaient calculées par rapport au diagnostic de COVID-19 confirmé par RT-PCR. Résultats L’étude a été proposée à 854 personnes ; 809 personnes ont été incluses, dont 754 soignants. L’âge moyen était de 42 ans (±13vans), et 596 (74 %) des personnes étaient des femmes. Cinquante-huit (7,2 %) personnes ont été testées positives pour le SARS-CoV-2. Trente-huit personnes rapportaient une anosmie (4,7 % ; 38/809), 38 personnes un score d’anosmie clinique < 4, et 19 personnes les deux à la fois. La prévalence de l’anosmie rapportée ou objectivée par l’examen clinique était de 39,7 % (n = 23/58) chez les cas de COVID-19 confirmées. Les valeurs de sensibilité de l’anosmie rapportée et clinique étaient de 0,31 [IC95 % : 0,20–0,45] et 0,34 [0,22–0,48], et de spécificité 0,97 [0,96–0,98] et 0,98 [0,96–0,99] respectivement. Les valeurs prédictives positives de l’anosmie rapportée et clinique étaient de 0,47 [0,31–0,64] et 0,53 [0,36–0,69] respectivement, et les valeurs prédictives négatives identiques de 0,95 [0,93–0,96]. Sur les 19 personnes ayant à la fois une anosmie rapportée et clinique, 18 avaient la COVID-19. Conclusion Dans cette population de patients dépistés en ambulatoire pour une COVID-19 asymptomatique ou modérée et chez qui l’anosmie a été recherchée avant tout test virologique de SARS-CoV-2, les prévalences de l’anosmie rapportée ou clinique étaient faibles avec des discordances fréquentes. L’anosmie est un signe peu sensible mais cependant très spécifique de la maladie. La présence d’anosmie selon les deux méthodes était associée à une forte probabilité de maladie COVID-19.
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Bistoquet M, Hermabessiere S, Villard O, Marin G, Montoya A, Feirreira R, Picot M, Tuaillon E, Galtier F, Makinson A. Évaluer l’efficacité des mesures barrières pour limiter la transmission nosocomiale du SARS-CoV-2 : étude EMBELLIE. Med Mal Infect 2020. [PMCID: PMC7441930 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.06.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction La pandémie de COVID-19 a justifié, à partir du 17 mars 2020, l’instauration d’un confinement en France. Le personnel soignant a été rapidement identifié à risque d’infection du SARS-CoV-2, imposant des mesures barrières adaptées aux types d’exposition vis-à-vis des patients et des personnels de santé. L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la séroprévalence des infections COVID-19 chez des personnels de santé ayant différents niveaux d’exposition au SARS-CoV-2. Matériels et méthodes Étude monocentrique et transversale comparant la séroprévalence du COVID-19 auprès de trois groupes de personnels de santé de notre CHU travaillant dans une unité COVID (fortement exposés), non COVID (faiblement exposés) et sans contact patients (non exposés). Le dépistage sérologique a été proposé au personnel soignant sur la base d’une information généralisée dans chacun des services présélectionnés. Le critère de jugement principal était la présence d’anticorps par test sérologique satisfaisant aux critères de performances de la HAS (ID Screen® SARS-CoV-2-N IgG Indirect [ID.Vet]). Pour l’ensemble des cas positifs, une enquête individuelle a tenté de déterminer l’origine professionnelle ou non de l’infection. Le nombre de sujets à inclure était estimé à 156 par groupe sur la base d’une séroprévalence estimée à 7 % ± 4 %. Les prévalences ont été comparées entre les trois groupes à l’aide d’un test exact de Fisher. Afin d’ajuster sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession (médecin/interne, paramédical ou autre), une régression logistique a été réalisée. Résultats Entre le 21 avril et le 3 juin 2020, 647 personnes ont été incluses dans l’étude : 261 dans le groupe exposé, 227 dans le groupe faiblement exposé et 159 dans le groupe non exposé. L’âge médian était de 36 ans (écart interquartile [EIQ] : 29–47), 496 (76 %) étaient des femmes. Dix personnes présentaient des IgG anti-nucléocapisdes du SARS-CoV-2 dans le groupe exposé, deux chez les faiblement exposés et une chez les non-exposés, soit des prévalences respectives pour chaque groupe de 3,91 %, 0,88 % et 0,63 % (p = 0,022, test exact Fisher). Après ajustement sur l’âge, le sexe et la profession, le fait d’être fortement exposé était toujours significativement associé à une sérologie positive (odds ratio = 4,43 [intervalle de confiance à 95 % = 1,15–17,06] [p = 0,031]). Après enquête, 7 des 13 cas avec des sérologies positives étaient d’acquisition probablement professionnelle. Conclusion L’étude mets en évidence un risque d’infection professionnelle du SARS-CoV-2 dans un contexte de faible incidence régionale du COVID-19 en population générale. Cependant, la séroprévalence SARS-CoV-2 est très faible chez les personnels de santé travaillant en secteur COVID, et souvent d’acquisition extrahospitalière. Les mesures barrières ont donc permis de fortement limiter la transmission nosocomiale. Nos résultats sont à interpréter avec précaution en raison de biais d’échantillonnage possible.
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Boucheron P, Lu Y, Yoshida K, Zhao T, Funk AL, Lunel-Fabiani F, Guingané A, Tuaillon E, van Holten J, Chou R, Bulterys M, Shimakawa Y. Accuracy of HBeAg to identify pregnant women at risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus to their neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 21:85-96. [PMID: 32805201 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) involves neonatal immunoprophylaxis, with a birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine and immune globulin, and provision of peripartum antiviral prophylaxis in highly viraemic women. However, access to assays to quantify HBV DNA levels remains inadequate in resource-poor settings. This study was commissioned by WHO and aimed to identify the HBV DNA threshold for MTCT, to assess the sensitivity and specificity of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) testing to identify pregnant women with HBV DNA levels above this threshold, and to predict MTCT of HBV infection on the basis of HBeAg testing. METHODS For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL, CNKI, and Wanfang databases for studies of pregnant women with chronic HBV infection without concurrent antiviral therapy, published between Jan 1, 2000, and April 3, 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if MTCT in mother-child pairs could be stratified by different levels of maternal HBV DNA during pregnancy, if maternal HBeAg status could be stratified by HBV DNA level, and if the MTCT status of infants could be stratified by maternal HBeAg status during pregnancy. Studies that selected pregnant women on the basis of HBeAg serostatus or HBV DNA levels were excluded. Aggregate data were extracted from eligible studies by use of a pre-piloted form; study authors were contacted to clarify any uncertainties about potential duplication or if crucial information was missing. To pool sensitivities and specificities of maternal HBeAg to identify highly viraemic women and to predict MTCT events, we used the DerSimonian-Laird bivariate random effects model. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42019138227. FINDINGS Of 9007 articles identified, 67 articles (comprising 66 studies) met the inclusion criteria. The risk of MTCT despite infant immunoprophylaxis was negligible (0·04%, 95% CI 0·00-0·25) below a maternal HBV DNA level of 5·30 log10 IU/mL (200 000 IU/mL) and increased above this threshold. The pooled sensitivity of HBeAg testing to identify HBV DNA levels of 5·30 log10 IU/mL or greater in pregnant women was 88·2% (83·9-91·5) and pooled specificity was 92·6% (90·0-94·5). The pooled sensitivity of HBeAg testing in predicting MTCT of HBV infection despite infant immunoprophylaxis was 99·5% (95% CI 91·7-100) and pooled specificity was 62·2% (55·2-68·7). INTERPRETATION Maternal HBV DNA of 5·30 log10 IU/mL or greater appears to be the optimal threshold for MTCT of HBV infection despite infant immunoprophylaxis. HBeAg is accurate to identify women with HBV DNA levels above this threshold and has high sensitivity to predict cases of immunoprophylaxis failure. In areas where HBV DNA assays are unavailable, HBeAg can be used as an alternative to assess eligibility for antiviral prophylaxis. FUNDING World Health Organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Boucheron
- Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Ying Lu
- Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kyoko Yoshida
- Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tianshuo Zhao
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Anna L Funk
- Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Alice Guingané
- Département d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Département de Bactériologie-Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Judith van Holten
- Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roger Chou
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Marc Bulterys
- Global Hepatitis Programme, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yusuke Shimakawa
- Unité d'Épidémiologie des Maladies Émergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
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