1
|
Karunakaran U, Ha EY, Elumalai S, Won KC, Moon JS. Mitochondrial ALDH2 improves ß-cell survival and function against doxorubicin-induced apoptosis by targeting CK2 signaling. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:684-692. [PMID: 38713732 PMCID: PMC11143424 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to better understand how the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin contributes to the development of β-cell dysfunction and to explore its relationship with mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2). MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to investigate this hypothesis, doxorubicin was administered to INS-1 cells, a rat insulinoma cell line, either with or without several target protein activators and inhibitors. ALDH2 activity was detected with a commercial kit and protein levels were determined with western blot. Mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and lipid ROS were determined by commercial fluorescent probes. The cell viability was measured by CCK-assay. RESULTS Exposure of INS-1 cells to doxorubicin decreased active insulin signaling resulting in elevated ALDH2 degradation, compared with control cells by the induction of acid sphingomyelinase mediated ceramide induction. Further, ceramide induction potentiated doxorubicin induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Treatment with the ALDH2 agonist, ALDA1, blocked doxorubicin-induced acid sphingomyelinase activation which significantly blocked ceramide induction and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated cell death. Treatment with the ALDH2 agonist, ALDA1, stimulated casein kinase-2 (CK2) mediated insulin signaling activation. CK2 silencing neutralized the function of ALDH2 in the doxorubicin treated INS-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial ALDH2 activation could inhibit the progression of doxorubicin induced pancreatic β-cell dysfunction by inhibiting the acid sphingomyelinase induction of ceramide, by regulating the activation of CK2 signaling. Our research lays the foundation of ALDH2 activation as a therapeutic target for the precise treatment of chemotherapy drug induced β-cell dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Ha
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineKeimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Kyu Chang Won
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jun Sung Moon
- Institute of Medical ScienceYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
- Department of Internal MedicineYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cancer Stem Cell and Aggressiveness Traits Are Promoted by Stable Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-1c in Glioblastoma Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030506. [PMID: 36766848 PMCID: PMC9914402 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor due to its elevated recurrence following treatments. This is mainly mediated by a subpopulation of cells with stemness traits termed glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs), which are extremely resistant to anti-neoplastic drugs. Thus, an advancement in the understanding of the molecular processes underlying GSC occurrence should contribute significantly towards progress in reducing aggressiveness. High levels of endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE1), key for endothelin-1 (ET-1) peptide activation, have been linked to the malignant progression of GBM. There are four known isoforms of ECE1 that activate ET-1, which only differ in their cytoplasmic N-terminal sequences. Isoform ECE1c is phosphorylated at Ser-18 and Ser-20 by protein kinase CK2, which increases its stability and hence promotes aggressiveness traits in colon cancer cells. In order to study whether ECE1c exerts a malignant effect in GBM, we designed an ECE1c mutant by switching a putative ubiquitination lysine proximal to the phospho-serines Lys-6-to-Arg (i.e., K6R). This ECE1cK6R mutant was stably expressed in U87MG, T98G, and U251 GBM cells, and their behavior was compared to either mock or wild-type ECE1c-expressing clone cells. ECE1cK6R behaved as a highly stable protein in all cell lines, and its expression promoted self-renewal and the enrichment of a stem-like population characterized by enhanced neurospheroid formation, as well as increased expression of stem-like surface markers. These ECE1cK6R-derived GSC-like cells also displayed enhanced resistance to the GBM-related chemotherapy drugs temozolomide and gemcitabine and increased expression of the ABCG2 efflux pump. In addition, ECE1cK6R cells displayed enhanced metastasis-associated traits, such as the modulation of adhesion and the enhancement of cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the acquisition of a GSC-like phenotype, together with heightened chemoresistance and invasiveness traits, allows us to suggest phospho-ECE1c as a novel marker for poor prognosis as well as a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
Collapse
|
3
|
Protein Kinase CK2 and Epstein-Barr Virus. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020358. [PMID: 36830895 PMCID: PMC9953236 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 is a pleiotropic protein kinase, which phosphorylates a number of cellular and viral proteins. Thereby, this kinase is implicated in the regulation of cellular signaling, controlling of cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, immune response, migration and invasion. In general, viruses use host signaling mechanisms for the replication of their genome as well as for cell transformation leading to cancer. Therefore, it is not surprising that CK2 also plays a role in controlling viral infection and the generation of cancer cells. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytically infects epithelial cells of the oropharynx and B cells. These latently infected B cells subsequently become resting memory B cells when passing the germinal center. Importantly, EBV is responsible for the generation of tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma. EBV was one of the first human viruses, which was connected to CK2 in the early nineties of the last century. The present review shows that protein kinase CK2 phosphorylates EBV encoded proteins as well as cellular proteins, which are implicated in the lytic and persistent infection and in EBV-induced neoplastic transformation. EBV-encoded and CK2-phosphorylated proteins together with CK2-phosphorylated cellular signaling proteins have the potential to provide efficient virus replication and cell transformation. Since there are powerful inhibitors known for CK2 kinase activity, CK2 might become an attractive target for the inhibition of EBV replication and cell transformation.
Collapse
|
4
|
Robinson AE, Binek A, Ramani K, Sundararaman N, Barbier-Torres L, Murray B, Venkatraman V, Kreimer S, Ardle AM, Noureddin M, Fernández-Ramos D, Lopitz-Otsoa F, Gutiérrez de Juan V, Millet O, Mato JM, Lu SC, Van Eyk JE. Hyperphosphorylation of hepatic proteome characterizes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in S-adenosylmethionine deficiency. iScience 2023; 26:105987. [PMID: 36756374 PMCID: PMC9900401 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Methionine adenosyltransferase 1a (MAT1A) is responsible for hepatic S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) biosynthesis. Mat1a -/- mice have hepatic SAMe depletion, develop nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) which is reversed with SAMe administration. We examined temporal alterations in the proteome/phosphoproteome in pre-disease and NASH Mat1a -/- mice, effects of SAMe administration, and compared to human nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mitochondrial and peroxisomal lipid metabolism proteins were altered in pre-disease mice and persisted in NASH Mat1a -/- mice, which exhibited more progressive alterations in cytoplasmic ribosomes, ER, and nuclear proteins. A common mechanism found in both pre-disease and NASH livers was a hyperphosphorylation signature consistent with casein kinase 2α (CK2α) and AKT1 activation, which was normalized by SAMe administration. This was mimicked in human NAFLD with a metabolomic signature (M-subtype) resembling Mat1a -/- mice. In conclusion, we have identified a common proteome/phosphoproteome signature between Mat1a -/- mice and human NAFLD M-subtype that may have pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron E. Robinson
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aleksandra Binek
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Komal Ramani
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building, Room 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Niveda Sundararaman
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building, Room 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ben Murray
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building, Room 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Vidya Venkatraman
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Simion Kreimer
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Angela Mc Ardle
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mazen Noureddin
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building, Room 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - David Fernández-Ramos
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopitz-Otsoa
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Virginia Gutiérrez de Juan
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Oscar Millet
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - José M. Mato
- CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (Ciberehd), Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Davis Building, Room 2097, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Corresponding author
| | - Jennifer E. Van Eyk
- Advanced Clinical Biosystems Research Institute, The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd, Room 9302, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koronkiewicz M, Kazimierczuk Z, Orzeszko A. Antitumor activity of the protein kinase inhibitor 1-(β-D-2'-deoxyribofuranosyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo- 1H-benzimidazole in breast cancer cell lines. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1069. [PMID: 36243702 PMCID: PMC9571492 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The protein kinases CK2 and PIM-1 are involved in cell proliferation and survival, the cell cycle, and drug resistance, and they are found overexpressed in virtually all types of human cancer, including breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity of a deoxynucleoside derivative, the protein kinase inhibitor compound 1-(β-D-2′-deoxyribofuranosyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (K164, also termed TDB), inter alia CK2 and PIM-1, on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and SK-BR-3). Methods An evaluation of the cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and cell cycle progression was performed using an MTT assay, flow cytometry, and microscopic analysis. The Western blotting method was used to analyze the level of proteins important for the survival of breast cancer cells and proteins phosphorylated by the CK2 and PIM-1 kinases. Results The examined compound demonstrated the inhibition of cell viability in all the tested cell lines and apoptotic activity, especially in the MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), cell cycle progression, and the level of the proteins studied were also observed. Conclusions The investigated CK2 and PIM-1 kinase inhibitor K164 is a promising compound that can be considered a potential agent in targeted therapy in selected types of breast cancer; therefore, further research is necessary. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-10156-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirosława Koronkiewicz
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Medicines Institute, Chełmska St. 30/34, 00-725, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Zygmunt Kazimierczuk
- Institute of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska St. 159C, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Orzeszko
- Institute of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska St. 159C, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Firnau MB, Brieger A. CK2 and the Hallmarks of Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081987. [PMID: 36009534 PMCID: PMC9405757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is commonly dysregulated in cancer, impacting diverse molecular pathways. CK2 is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase, constitutively active and ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes. With over 500 known substrates and being estimated to be responsible for up to 10% of the human phosphoproteome, it is of significant importance. A broad spectrum of diverse types of cancer cells has been already shown to rely on disturbed CK2 levels for their survival. The hallmarks of cancer provide a rationale for understanding cancer’s common traits. They constitute the maintenance of proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling of replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, the activation of invasion and metastasis, as well as avoidance of immune destruction and dysregulation of cellular energetics. In this work, we have compiled evidence from the literature suggesting that CK2 modulates all hallmarks of cancer, thereby promoting oncogenesis and operating as a cancer driver by creating a cellular environment favorable to neoplasia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Inhibiting CK2 among Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Gliomas and Several Other Neoplasms. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020331. [PMID: 35214064 PMCID: PMC8877581 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In gliomas, casein kinase 2 (CK2) plays a dominant role in cell survival and tumour invasiveness and is upregulated in many brain tumours. Among CK2 inhibitors, benzimidazole and isothiourea derivatives hold a dominant position. While targeting glioma tumour cells, they show limited toxicity towards normal cells. Research in recent years has shown that these compounds can be suitable as components of combined therapies with hyperbaric oxygenation. Such a combination increases the susceptibility of glioma tumour cells to cell death via apoptosis. Moreover, researchers planning on using any other antiglioma investigational pharmaceutics may want to consider using these agents in combination with CK2 inhibitors. However, different compounds are not equally effective when in such combination. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of treatment and optimize the treatment regimen. In addition, the role of CK2 in gliomagenesis and maintenance seems to have been challenged recently, as some compounds structurally similar to CK2 inhibitors do not inhibit CK2 while still being effective at reducing glioma viability and invasion. Furthermore, some newly developed inhibitors specific for CK2 do not appear to have strong anticancer properties. Further experimental and clinical studies of these inhibitors and combined therapies are warranted.
Collapse
|
8
|
Sato K, Padgaonkar AA, Baker SJ, Cosenza SC, Rechkoblit O, Subbaiah DRCV, Domingo-Domenech J, Bartkowski A, Port ER, Aggarwal AK, Ramana Reddy MV, Irie HY, Reddy EP. Simultaneous CK2/TNIK/DYRK1 inhibition by 108600 suppresses triple negative breast cancer stem cells and chemotherapy-resistant disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4671. [PMID: 34344863 PMCID: PMC8333338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains challenging because of heterogeneous responses to chemotherapy. Incomplete response is associated with a greater risk of metastatic progression. Therefore, treatments that target chemotherapy-resistant TNBC and enhance chemosensitivity would improve outcomes for these high-risk patients. Breast cancer stem cell-like cells (BCSCs) have been proposed to represent a chemotherapy-resistant subpopulation responsible for tumor initiation, progression and metastases. Targeting this population could lead to improved TNBC disease control. Here, we describe a novel multi-kinase inhibitor, 108600, that targets the TNBC BCSC population. 108600 treatment suppresses growth, colony and mammosphere forming capacity of BCSCs and induces G2M arrest and apoptosis of TNBC cells. In vivo, 108600 treatment of mice bearing triple negative tumors results in the induction of apoptosis and overcomes chemotherapy resistance. Finally, treatment with 108600 and chemotherapy suppresses growth of pre-established TNBC metastases, providing additional support for the clinical translation of this agent to clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsutoshi Sato
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amol A Padgaonkar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stacey J Baker
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen C Cosenza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Olga Rechkoblit
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - D R C Venkata Subbaiah
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alison Bartkowski
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa R Port
- Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aneel K Aggarwal
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - M V Ramana Reddy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanna Y Irie
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - E Premkumar Reddy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Contribution of the CK2 Catalytic Isoforms α and α' to the Glycolytic Phenotype of Tumor Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010181. [PMID: 33477590 PMCID: PMC7831337 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase overexpressed in many cancers. It is usually present in cells as a tetrameric enzyme, composed of two catalytic (α or α’) and two regulatory (β) subunits, but it is active also in its monomeric form, and the specific role of the different isoforms is largely unknown. CK2 phosphorylates several substrates related to the uncontrolled proliferation, motility, and survival of cancer cells. As a consequence, tumor cells are addicted to CK2, relying on its activity more than healthy cells for their life, and exploiting it for developing multiple oncological hallmarks. However, little is known about CK2 contribution to the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells. With this study we aimed at shedding some light on it, especially focusing on the CK2 role in the glycolytic onco-phenotype. By analyzing neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma cell lines depleted of either one (α) or the other (α’) CK2 catalytic subunit, we also aimed at disclosing possible pro-tumor functions which are specific of a CK2 isoform. Our results suggest that both CK2 α and α’ contribute to cell proliferation, survival and tumorigenicity. The analyzed metabolic features disclosed a role of CK2 in tumor metabolism, and suggest prominent functions for CK2 α isoform. Results were also confirmed by CK2 pharmacological inhibition. Overall, our study provides new information on the mechanism of cancer cells addiction to CK2 and on its isoform-specific functions, with fundamental implications for improving future therapeutic strategies based on CK2 targeting.
Collapse
|
10
|
Montenarh M, Götz C. Protein kinase CK2 and ion channels (Review). Biomed Rep 2020; 13:55. [PMID: 33082952 PMCID: PMC7560519 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 appears as a tetramer or higher molecular weight oligomer composed of catalytic CK2α, CK2α' subunits and non-catalytic regulatory CK2β subunits or as individual subunits. It is implicated in a variety of different regulatory processes, such as Akt signalling, splicing and DNA repair within eukaryotic cells. The present review evaluates the influence of CK2 on ion channels in the plasma membrane. CK2 phosphorylates platform proteins such as calmodulin and ankyrin G, which bind to channel proteins for a physiological transport to and positioning into the membrane. In addition, CK2 directly phosphorylates a variety of channel proteins directly to regulate opening and closing of the channels. Thus, modulation of CK2 activities by specific inhibitors, by siRNA technology or by CRISPR/Cas technology has an influence on intracellular ion concentrations and thereby on cellular signalling. The physiological regulation of the intracellular ion concentration is important for cell survival and correct intracellular signalling. Disturbance of this regulation results in a variety of different diseases including epilepsy, heart failure, cystic fibrosis and diabetes. Therefore, these effects should be considered when using CK2 inhibition as a treatment option for cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Montenarh
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66424 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| | - Claudia Götz
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, D-66424 Homburg, Saarland, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu CW, Wang SG, Lee CH, Chan WL, Lin ML, Chen SS. Enforced C-Src Activation Causes Compartmental Dysregulation of PI3K and PTEN Molecules in Lipid Rafts of Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cells by Attenuating Rac1-Akt-GLUT-1-Mediated Sphingolipid Synthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165812. [PMID: 32823607 PMCID: PMC7461551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologic intervention to affect the membrane lipid homeostasis of lipid rafts is a potent therapeutic strategy for cancer. Here we showed that gallic acid (GA) caused the complex formation of inactive Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)-phospho (p)-casein kinase 2 α (CK2α) (Tyr 255) in human tongue squamous carcinoma (TSC) cells, which disturbed the lipid raft membrane-targeting of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Rac1-protein kinase B (Akt) signal molecules by inducing the association of p110α-free p85α with unphosphorylated phosphatase tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in lipid rafts. The effects on induction of inactive Rac1-p-CK2α (Tyr 255) complex formation and attenuation of p-Akt (Ser 473), GTP-Rac1, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) lipid raft membrane-targeting, and cell invasive activity by GA were counteracted either by CK2α short hairpin RNA or cellular-Src (c-Src) inhibitor PP1. PP1 treatment, GLUT-1 or constitutively active Rac1 ectopic-expression blocked GA-induced decreases in cellular glucose, sphingolipid and cholesterol of lipid raft membranes, p85α-p110α-GTP-Rac1 complexes, glucosylceramide synthase activity and increase in ceramide and p110α-free p85α-PTEN complex levels of lipid raft membranes, which reversed the inhibition on matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/-9-mediated cell invasion induced by GA. Using transient ectopic expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, MMP-2/-9 promoter-driven luciferase, and NF-κB-dependent luciferase reporter genes and NF-κB specific inhibitors or Rac1 specific inhibitor NSC23766, we confirmed that an attenuation of Rac1 activity by GA confers inhibition of NF-κB-mediated MMP-2/-9 expression and cell invasion. In conclusion, GA-induced c-Src activation is a key inductive event for the formation of inactive Rac1-p-CK2α (Tyr 255) complexes, which disturbed lipid raft compartment of PI3K and PTEN molecules by impairing Akt-regulated GLUT-1-mediated sphingolipid synthesis, and finally resulting in inhibition of TSC cell invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Wu
- Division of Laboratory, Armed Force Taichung General Hospital, Taichung 411228, Taiwan;
| | - Shyang-Guang Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Hsiao Lee
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-The Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 356006, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Ling Chan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Enginerring, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Liang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404394, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-L.L.); (S.-S.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7211) (M.-L.L.); +886-4-2239-1647 (ext. 7057) (S.-S.C.)
| | - Shih-Shun Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (M.-L.L.); (S.-S.C.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7211) (M.-L.L.); +886-4-2239-1647 (ext. 7057) (S.-S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Flavones and flavonols may have clinical potential as CK2 inhibitors in cancer therapy. Med Hypotheses 2020; 141:109723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
13
|
Pérez-Moreno P, Quezada-Meza C, Chavez-Almarza C, Niechi I, Silva-Pavez E, Trigo-Hidalgo C, Aguayo F, Jara L, Cáceres-Verschae A, Varas-Godoy M, Díaz VM, García de Herreros A, Burzio VA, Tapia JC. Phosphorylation of Endothelin-Converting Enzyme-1c at Serines 18 and 20 by CK2 Promotes Aggressiveness Traits in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1004. [PMID: 32850305 PMCID: PMC7406796 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE1) activates the endothelin-1 peptide, which upregulates pathways that are related to diverse hallmarks of cancer. ECE1 is expressed as four isoforms differing in their N-terminal domains. Protein kinase CK2 phosphorylates the N-terminus of isoform ECE1c, enhancing its stability and promoting invasiveness of colorectal cancer cells. However, the specific residues in ECE1c that are phosphorylated by CK2 and how this phosphorylation promotes invasiveness was unknown. Here we demonstrate that Ser-18 and Ser-20 are the bona fide residues phosphorylated by CK2 in ECE1c. Thus, biphospho-mimetic ECE1cDD and biphospho-resistant ECE1cAA mutants were constructed and stably expressed in different colorectal cancer cells through lentiviral transduction. Biphospho-mimetic ECE1cDD displayed the highest stability in cells, even in the presence of the specific CK2 inhibitor silmitasertib. Concordantly, ECE1cDD-expressing cells showed enhanced hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and self-renewal capacities. Conversely, cells expressing the less-stable biphospho-resistant ECE1cAA showed a reduction in these features, but also displayed an important sensitization to 5-fluorouracil, an antineoplastic agent traditionally used as therapy in colorectal cancer patients. Altogether, these findings suggest that phosphorylation of ECE1c at Ser-18 and Ser-20 by CK2 promotes aggressiveness in colorectal cancer cells. Therefore, phospho-ECE1c may constitute a novel biomarker of poor prognosis and CK2 inhibition may be envisioned as a potential therapy for colorectal cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pérez-Moreno
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Quezada-Meza
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristopher Chavez-Almarza
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Niechi
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - César Trigo-Hidalgo
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Aguayo
- Programa de Virología, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Jara
- Programa de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Albano Cáceres-Verschae
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor M Díaz
- Unidad Asociada CSIC, Programa de Recerca en Cáncer, Departament de Ciéncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- Unidad Asociada CSIC, Programa de Recerca en Cáncer, Departament de Ciéncies Experimentals i de la Salut, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica A Burzio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Julio C Tapia
- Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Scheuer R, Philipp SE, Becker A, Nalbach L, Ampofo E, Montenarh M, Götz C. Protein Kinase CK2 Controls Ca V2.1-Dependent Calcium Currents and Insulin Release in Pancreatic β-Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134668. [PMID: 32630015 PMCID: PMC7370021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of insulin biosynthesis and secretion in pancreatic β-cells is essential for glucose homeostasis in humans. Previous findings point to the highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase CK2 as having a negative regulatory impact on this regulation. In the cell culture model of rat pancreatic β-cells INS-1, insulin secretion is enhanced after CK2 inhibition. This enhancement is preceded by a rise in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. Here, we identified the serine residues S2362 and S2364 of the voltage-dependent calcium channel CaV2.1 as targets of CK2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that CaV2.1 binds to CK2 in vitro and in vivo. CaV2.1 knockdown experiments showed that the increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, followed by an enhanced insulin secretion upon CK2 inhibition, is due to a Ca2+ influx through CaV2.1 channels. In summary, our results point to a modulating role of CK2 in the CaV2.1-mediated exocytosis of insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Scheuer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Stephan Ernst Philipp
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 45-46, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (S.E.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexander Becker
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 45-46, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (S.E.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Lisa Nalbach
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 65, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (L.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical & Experimental Surgery, Saarland University Kirrberger Str., bldg. 65, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (L.N.); (E.A.)
| | - Mathias Montenarh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Claudia Götz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., bldg. 44, D-66424 Homburg, Germany; (R.S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Deng X, Tan S, Zhu D, Sun Y, Yu J, Meng X, Zheng L, Liu Y. The combined effect of oleonuezhenide and wedelolactone on proliferation and osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:153103. [PMID: 31805425 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulation of the survival and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is an essential consideration in the development of targeted drugs for treatment of osteoporosis. PURPOSE The present study aimed to evaluate the combined effect of wedelolactone and oleonuezhenide, two compounds from Chinese formula Er-Zhi-Wan, on osteoblastogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS MTT assay was taken to evaluate cell proliferation. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was used to determine the activity of ALP. Alizarin red S (ARS) staining was taken to indicate the intensity of the calcium deposits. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were performed to the levels of Runx2, Osteocalcin, and Osterix expression in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Ovariectomized mouse model and bone histomorphometric analysis were also used to research the effects of wedelolactone and oleonuezhenide on bone loss caused by ovariectomy. RESULTS Wedelolactone combined with oleonuezhenide enhanced osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization. Osteoblastogenesis-related marker genes including osteocalcin, Runx2, and osteorix were upregulated in the presence of wedelolactone and oleonuezhenide. At the molecular level, oleonuezhenide did not affect GSK-3β phosphorylation induced by wedelolactone, but elevated casein kinase 2-alpha (CK2α) expression, resulting in β-catenin and Runx2 nuclear translocation. In addition, 30 µM wedelolactone-induced cytotoxicity in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was relieved by 9 µM oleonuezhenide. These cells were protected by oleonuezhenide and maintained osteoblastic activity. Oleonuezhenide increased Wnt5a and CK2α expression. Wedelolactone-reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was reversed by oleonuezhenide. In ovariectomized mice, administration of wedelolactone and oleonuezhenide prevented ovariectomy-induced bone loss by enhancing osteoblastic activity. CONCLUSION These results suggested that oleonuezhenide enhanced the effects of wedelolactone on osteoblastogenesis. These two compounds could be developed as a combined therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Deng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Suming Tan
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130000, China
| | - Xiangling Meng
- Institute of Virology and AIDS Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130000, China
| | - Luping Zheng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yanqiu Liu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No.9 West Section Lvshun South Road, Dalian 116044, China,.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang H, Lv Q, Xu Y, Cai Z, Zheng J, Cheng X, Dai Y, Jänne PA, Ambrogio C, Köhler J. An integrative pharmacogenomics analysis identifies therapeutic targets in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. EBioMedicine 2019; 49:106-117. [PMID: 31668570 PMCID: PMC6945285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KRAS mutations are the most frequent oncogenic aberration in lung adenocarcinoma. KRAS mutant isoforms differentially shape tumour biology and influence drug responses. This heterogeneity challenges the development of effective therapies for patients with KRAS-driven non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We developed an integrative pharmacogenomics analysis to identify potential drug targets to overcome MEK/ERK inhibitor resistance in lung cancer cell lines with KRAS(G12C) mutation (n = 12). We validated our predictive in silico results with in vitro models using gene knockdown, pharmacological target inhibition and reporter assays. Findings Our computational analysis identifies casein kinase 2A1 (CSNK2A1) as a mediator of MEK/ERK inhibitor resistance in KRAS(G12C) mutant lung cancer cells. CSNK2A1 knockdown reduces cell proliferation, inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signalling and increases the anti-proliferative effect of MEK inhibition selectively in KRAS(G12C) mutant lung cancer cells. The specific CK2-inhibitor silmitasertib phenocopies the CSNK2A1 knockdown effect and sensitizes KRAS(G12C) mutant cells to MEK inhibition. Interpretation Our study supports the importance of accurate patient stratification and rational drug combinations to gain benefit from MEK inhibition in patients with KRAS mutant NSCLC. We develop a genotype-based strategy that identifies CK2 as a promising co-target in KRAS(G12C) mutant NSCLC by using available pharmacogenomics gene expression datasets. This approach is applicable to other oncogene driven cancers. Fund This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Research and Development Program of China, the Lung Cancer Research Foundation and a Mildred-Scheel postdoctoral fellowship from the German Cancer Aid Foundation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Qi Lv
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zhaoqing Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Jie Zheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaojie Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yao Dai
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| | - Jens Köhler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tapia JC, Niechi I. Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 in cancer aggressiveness. Cancer Lett 2019; 452:152-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
18
|
CK2 inhibition with silmitasertib promotes methuosis-like cell death associated to catastrophic massive vacuolization of colorectal cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:73. [PMID: 30683840 PMCID: PMC6347595 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 is a highly conserved and constitutively active Ser/Thr-kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates, resulting in increased cell proliferation and survival. A known target of CK2 is Akt, a player in the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway, which is aberrantly activated in 32% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. On the other hand, mTORC1 plays an important role in the regulation of protein synthesis, cell growth, and autophagy. Some studies suggest that CK2 regulates mTORC1 in several cancers. The most recently developed CK2 inhibitor, silmitasertib (formerly CX-4945), has been tested in phase I/II trials for cholangiocarcinoma and multiple myeloma. This drug has been shown to induce autophagy and enhance apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells and to promote apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Nevertheless, it has not been tested in studies for CRC patients. We show in this work that inhibition of CK2 with silmitasertib decreases in vitro tumorigenesis of CRC cells in response to G2/M arrest, which correlates with mTORC1 inhibition and formation of large cytoplasmic vacuoles. Notably, molecular markers indicate that these vacuoles derive from massive macropinocytosis. Altogether, these findings suggest that an aberrantly elevated expression/activity of CK2 may play a key role in CRC, promoting cell viability and proliferation in untreated cells, however, its inhibition with silmitasertib promotes methuosis-like cell death associated to massive catastrophic vacuolization, accounting for decreased tumorigenicity at later times. These characteristics of silmitasertib support a potential therapeutic use in CRC patients and probably other CK2-dependent cancers.
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The rates of ribosome production by a nucleolus and of protein biosynthesis by ribosomes are tightly correlated with the rate of cell growth and proliferation. All these processes must be matched and appropriately regulated to provide optimal cell functioning. Deregulation of certain factors, including oncogenes, controlling these processes, especially ribosome biosynthesis, can lead to cell transformation. Cancer cells are characterized by intense ribosome biosynthesis which is advantageous for their growth and proliferation. On the other hand, this feature can be engaged as an anticancer strategy. Numerous nucleolar factors such as nucleolar and ribosomal proteins as well as different RNAs, in addition to their role in ribosome biosynthesis, have other functions, including those associated with cancer biology. Some of them can contribute to cell transformation and cancer development. Others, under stress evoked by different factors which often hamper function of nucleoli and thus induce nucleolar/ribosomal stress, can participate in combating cancer cells. In this sense, intentional application of therapeutic agents affecting ribosome biosynthesis can cause either release of these molecules from nucleoli or their de novo biosynthesis to mediate the activation of pathways leading to elimination of harmful cells. This review underlines the role of a nucleolus not only as a ribosome constituting apparatus but also as a hub of both positive and negative control of cancer development. The article is mainly based on original papers concerning mechanisms in which the nucleolus is implicated directly or indirectly in processes associated with neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Stępiński
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Łódź, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liang QX, Wang ZB, Lin F, Zhang CH, Sun HM, Zhou L, Zhou Q, Schatten H, Odile FC, Brigitte B, Sun QY, Qian WP. Ablation of beta subunit of protein kinase CK2 in mouse oocytes causes follicle atresia and premature ovarian failure. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:508. [PMID: 29725001 PMCID: PMC5938699 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF), a major cause of female infertility, is a complex disorder, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the disorder are only poorly understood. Here we report that protein kinase CK2 contributes to maintaining follicular survival through PI3K/AKT pathway and DNA damage response pathway. Targeted deletion of CK2β in mouse oocytes from the primordial follicle stage resulted in female infertility, which was attributed to POF incurring by massive follicle atresia. Downregulated PI3K/AKT signaling was found after CK2β deletion, indicated by reduced level of phosphorylated AKT (S473, T308, and S129) and altered AKT targets related to cell survival. Further studies discovered that CK2β-deficient oocytes showed enhanced γH2AX signals, indicative of accumulative unrepaired DSBs, which activated CHK2-dependant p53 and p63 signaling. The suppressed PI3K/AKT signaling and failed DNA damage response signaling probably contribute to large-scale oocyte loss and eventually POF. Our findings provide important new clues for elucidating the mechanisms underlying follicle atresia and POF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Xia Liang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518036, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518036, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong-Mei Sun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518036, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518036, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Filhol-Cochet Odile
- INSERM U1036, Institute de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant/Biologie du Cancer et de l'Infection, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énerigies Alternatives Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei-Ping Qian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, 518036, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Neuroprotection by aripiprazole against β-amyloid-induced toxicity by P-CK2α activation via inhibition of GSK-3β. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110380-110391. [PMID: 29299155 PMCID: PMC5746390 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosis is reported over 30% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in clinics. Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic drug with partial agonist activity at the D2 dopamine and 5-HT1A receptors with low side-effect profile. We identified aripiprazole is able to overcome the amyloid-β (Aβ)-evoked neurotoxicity and then increase the cell viability. This study elucidated the mechanism(s) by which aripiprazole ameliorates Aβ1-42-induced decreased neurite outgrowth and viability in neuronal cells. Pretreatment with aripiprazole increased Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA and protein expressions in N2a cells. Additionally, phosphorylated casein kinase 2α at Y 255 (P-CK2α) was increased in time- and concentration-dependent manners. Furthermore, Aβ1-42-induced decreased BDNF and P-CK2α expression were increased over control level by aripiprazole. Subsequently, Aβ1-42-induced decreased levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase-3β at Ser9 (P-GSK-3β) and nuclear P-β-catenin (Ser675) were elevated by aripiprazole, which were inhibited by K252A (inhibitor of BDNF receptor) and tetrabromocinnamic acid (TBCA, CK2 inhibitor), indicating that BDNF and P-CK2α activation are implicated in the aripiprazole effects. Expressions of cyclin D1 and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNA were increased by aripiprazole; even in the presence of Aβ1-42, which was blocked by K252A and TBCA. In CK2α gene-silenced N2a cells, aripiprazole failed to increase P-GSK-3β and P-β-catenin expressions. Consequently, aripiprazole ameliorated Aβ1-42-induced attenuation of neurite elongation in HT22 cells, and this effect was blocked by both TBCA and imatinib. Decreased viability induced by Aβ1-42 was recovered by aripiprazole. These findings provide evidence supporting that aripiprazole can provide an effective therapeutic strategy against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in AD-associated psychosis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Manni S, Carrino M, Piazza F. Role of protein kinases CK1α and CK2 in multiple myeloma: regulation of pivotal survival and stress-managing pathways. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:157. [PMID: 28969692 PMCID: PMC5625791 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0529-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor of transformed plasma cells. MM pathogenesis is a multistep process. This cancer can occur de novo (rarely) or it can develop from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (most of the cases). MM can be asymptomatic (smoldering myeloma) or clinically active. Malignant plasma cells exploit intrinsic and extrinsic bone marrow microenvironment-derived growth signals. Upregulation of stress-coping pathways is also instrumental to maintain MM cell growth. The phylogenetically related Ser/Thr kinases CSNK1A1 (CK1α) and CSNK2 (CK2) have recently gained a growing importance in hematologic malignancies arising both from precursors and from mature blood cells. In multiple myeloma, CK1α or CK2 sustain oncogenic cascades, such as the PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and NF-κB, as well as propel stress-related signaling that help in coping with different noxae. Data also suggest that these kinases modulate the delivery of growth factors and cytokines from the bone marrow stroma. The “non-oncogene addiction” phenotype generated by the increased activity of CK1α and CK2 in multiple myeloma contributes to malignant plasma cell proliferation and survival and represents an Achilles’ heel for the activity of small ATP competitive CK1α or CK2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Manni
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy. .,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
| | - Marilena Carrino
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy. .,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lai KG, Chen CF, Ho CT, Liu JJ, Liu TZ, Chern CL. Novel roles of folic acid as redox regulator: Modulation of reactive oxygen species sinker protein expression and maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis on hepatocellular carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317702649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Goung Lai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fen Chen
- Clinical Laboratories, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Te Ho
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Jen Liu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Zon Liu
- Translational Research Laboratory, Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Liang Chern
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lin YT, Chao CCK. Identification of the β-catenin/JNK/prothymosin-alpha axis as a novel target of sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:38999-9017. [PMID: 26517516 PMCID: PMC4770752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib is a kinase inhibitor used as anticancer drug against various human tumors, including advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). β-Catenin and prothymosin alpha (PTMA) are overexpressed in HCC and other tumors. Previous studies have shown that PTMA expression modulates the response of HCC cells to sorafenib. However, the underlying mechanism of PTMA activity in this context remains unclear. We show here that sorafenib inhibits both β-catenin and PTMA in a dose-dependent manner. Silencing β-catenin reduces PTMA level and sensitizes HCC cells to sorafenib. In contrast, ectopic expression of β-catenin induces PTMA expression and cell resistance to the drug. Sorafenib inhibits PTMA expression at the transcriptional level by inhibiting the β-catenin pathway. Nucleotide deletion analysis of the PTMA gene promoter reveals that a DNA segment lying 1,500–1,600 bp upstream of the PTMA transcription start site represents an AP-1-binding site that is critical for β-catenin modulation of gene transcription in response to sorafenib. In addition, chemical inhibitors that target JNK abrogate β-catenin/AP-1 binding to the endogenous PTMA gene and reduces PTMA transcription and protein expression. Silencing of β-catenin or c-Fos induces similar effects on gene regulation and these are reversed by ectopic expression of β-catenin. Mutations in the PTMA promoter at the predicted β-catenin/AP-1 binding site partly abrogate sorafenib's effects on PTMA transcription. These results indicate that PTMA is induced by the oncoprotein β-catenin and protects HCC cells against sorafenib-induced cell death. The β-catenin/JNK/PTMA axis may thus represent a novel target for chemotherapy against HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Te Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chuck C-K Chao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Colon cancer cell invasion is promoted by protein kinase CK2 through increase of endothelin-converting enzyme-1c protein stability. Oncotarget 2016; 6:42749-60. [PMID: 26543229 PMCID: PMC4767467 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-converting enzyme-1c (ECE-1c) is a membrane metalloprotease involved in endothelin-1 synthesis, which has been shown in vitro to have a role in breast, ovary and prostate cancer cell invasion. N-terminal end of ECE-1c displays three putative phosphorylation sites for the protein kinase CK2. We studied whether CK2 phosphorylates N-terminal end of ECE-1c as well as whether this has a role in migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. CK2 phosphorylated the N-terminal end of ECE-1c and this was precluded upon inhibition of CK2. Inhibition also led to diminished protein levels of both endogen ECE-1 or GFP-fused N-terminal end of ECE-1c in 293T embryonic and DLD-1 colon cancer cells, which highlighted the importance of this motif on UPS-dependent ECE-1c degradation. Full-length ECE-1c mutants designed either to mimic or abrogate CK2-phosphorylation displayed increased or decreased migration/invasion of colon cancer cells, respectively. Moreover, ECE-1c overexpression or its silencing with a siRNA led to increased or diminished cell migration/invasion, respectively. Altogether, these data show that CK2-increased ECE-1c protein stability is related to augmented migration and invasion of colon cancer cells, shedding light on a novel mechanism by which CK2 may promote malignant progression of this disease.
Collapse
|
26
|
Filhol O, Giacosa S, Wallez Y, Cochet C. Protein kinase CK2 in breast cancer: the CK2β regulatory subunit takes center stage in epithelial plasticity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:3305-22. [PMID: 25990538 PMCID: PMC11113558 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1929-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Structurally, protein kinase CK2 consists of two catalytic subunits (α and α') and two regulatory subunits (β), which play a critical role in targeting specific CK2 substrates. Compelling evidence shows the complexity of the CK2 cellular signaling network and supports the view that this enzyme is a key component of regulatory protein kinase networks that are involved in several aspects of cancer. CK2 both activates and suppresses the expression of a number of essential oncogenes and tumor suppressors, and its expression and activity are upregulated in blood tumors and virtually all solid tumors. The prognostic significance of CK2α expression in association with various clinicopathological parameters highlighted this kinase as an adverse prognostic marker in breast cancer. In addition, several recent studies reported its implication in the regulation of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an early step in cancer invasion and metastasis. In this review, we briefly overview the contribution of CK2 to several aspects of cancer and discuss how in mammary epithelial cells, the expression of its CK2β regulatory subunit plays a critical role in maintaining an epithelial phenotype through CK2-mediated control of key EMT-related transcription factors. Importantly, decreased CK2β expression in breast tumors is correlated with inefficient phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Snail1 and Foxc2, ultimately leading to EMT induction. This review highlights the pivotal role played by CK2β in the mammary epithelial phenotype and discusses how a modest alteration in its expression may be sufficient to induce dramatic effects facilitating the early steps in tumor cell dissemination through the coordinated regulation of two key transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odile Filhol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1036, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Life Sciences Research and Technologies, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sofia Giacosa
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1036, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Life Sciences Research and Technologies, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Yann Wallez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1036, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Life Sciences Research and Technologies, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Claude Cochet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1036, Grenoble, France
- Institute of Life Sciences Research and Technologies, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique, Grenoble, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1036, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Qaiser F, Trembley JH, Kren BT, Wu JJ, Naveed AK, Ahmed K. Protein kinase CK2 inhibition induces cell death via early impact on mitochondrial function. J Cell Biochem 2015; 115:2103-15. [PMID: 25043911 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CK2 (official acronym for casein kinase 2 or II) is a potent suppressor of apoptosis in response to diverse apoptotic stimuli-thus its molecular downregulation or activity inhibition results in potent induction of cell death. CK2 downregulation is known to impact mitochondrial apoptotic circuitry but the underlying mechanism(s) remain unclear. Utilizing prostate cancer cell lines subjected to CK2-specific inhibitors which cause loss of cell viability, we have found that CK2 inhibition in cells causes rapid early decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Cells treated with the CK2 inhibitors TBB (4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole) or TBCA (tetrabromocinnamic acid) demonstrate changes in Δψm which become apparent within 2 h, that is, significantly prior to evidence of activation of other mitochondrial apoptotic signals whose temporal expression ensues subsequent to loss of Δψm. Further, we have demonstrated the presence of CK2 in purified mitochondria and it appears that the effect on Δψm evoked by inhibition of CK2 may involve mitochondrial localized CK2. Results also suggest that alterations in Ca(2+) signaling may be involved in the CK2 mediated regulation of Δψm and mitochondrial permeability. Thus, we propose that a key mechanism of CK2 impact on mitochondrial apoptotic circuitry and cell death involves early loss of Δψm which may be a primary trigger for apoptotic signaling and cell death resulting from CK2 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Qaiser
- Cellular and Molecular Biochemistry Research Laboratory (151), Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55417; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, 55455; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Protein kinase CK2 enables regulatory T cells to suppress excessive TH2 responses in vivo. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:267-75. [PMID: 25599562 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The quality of the adaptive immune response depends on the differentiation of distinct CD4(+) helper T cell subsets, and the magnitude of an immune response is controlled by CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg cells). However, how a tissue- and cell type-specific suppressor program of Treg cells is mechanistically orchestrated has remained largely unexplored. Through the use of Treg cell-specific gene targeting, we found that the suppression of allergic immune responses in the lungs mediated by T helper type 2 (TH2) cells was dependent on the activity of the protein kinase CK2. Genetic ablation of the β-subunit of CK2 specifically in Treg cells resulted in the proliferation of a hitherto-unexplored ILT3(+) Treg cell subpopulation that was unable to control the maturation of IRF4(+)PD-L2(+) dendritic cells required for the development of TH2 responses in vivo.
Collapse
|
29
|
Nitta RT, Gholamin S, Feroze AH, Agarwal M, Cheshier SH, Mitra SS, Li G. Casein kinase 2α regulates glioblastoma brain tumor-initiating cell growth through the β-catenin pathway. Oncogene 2014; 34:3688-99. [PMID: 25241897 PMCID: PMC4369469 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and fatal primary brain tumor in humans and it is essential that new and better therapies are developed to treat this disease. Previous research suggests that casein kinase 2 (CK2), may be a promising therapeutic target for GBMs. CK2 has enhanced expression or activity in numerous cancers, including GBM and it has been demonstrated that inhibitors of CK2 regressed tumor growth in GBM xenograft mouse models. Our studies demonstrate that the CK2 subunit, CK2α, is overexpressed in and plays an important role in regulating brain tumor initiating cells (BTIC) in GBM. Initial studies showed that two GBM cell lines (U87-MG and U138) transduced with CK2α had enhanced proliferation and anchorage-independent growth. Inhibition of CK2α using siRNA or small molecule inhibitors (TBBz, CX-4945) reduced cell growth and decreased tumor size and increased the survival rate in GBM xenograft mouse models. We also verified that inhibition of CK2α decreased the activity of a well-known GBM initiating cell regulator, β-catenin. Loss of CK2α decreased two β-catenin-regulated genes that are involved in GBM initiating cell growth, OCT4 and NANOG. To determine the importance of CK2α in GBM stem cell maintenance, we reduced CK2α activity in primary GBM samples and tumor spheres derived from GBM patients. We discovered that loss of CK2α activity reduced the sphere forming capacity of BTIC and decreased numerous GBM stem cell markers including CD133, CD90, CD49f, and A2B5. Our study suggests that CK2α is involved in GBM tumorigenesis by maintaining BTIC through the regulation of β-catenin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R T Nitta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S Gholamin
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA [2] Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A H Feroze
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - M Agarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S H Cheshier
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA [2] Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - S S Mitra
- 1] Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA [2] Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - G Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Girardi C, James P, Zanin S, Pinna LA, Ruzzene M. Differential phosphorylation of Akt1 and Akt2 by protein kinase CK2 may account for isoform specific functions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:1865-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
31
|
Wu X, Deng G, Hao X, Li Y, Zeng J, Ma C, He Y, Liu X, Wang Y. A caspase-dependent pathway is involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling promoted apoptosis in Bacillus Calmette-Guerin infected RAW264.7 macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5045-62. [PMID: 24663056 PMCID: PMC3975439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15035045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis of alveolar macrophages following Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection have been demonstrated to play a central role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. In the present study, we found that Wnt/β-catenin signaling possesses the potential to promote macrophage apoptosis in response to mycobacterial infection. In agreement with other findings, an activation Wnt/β-catenin signaling was observed in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells upon Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection at a multiple-of-infection of 10, which was accompanied with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 production. However, the BCG-induced TNF-α and IL-6 secretion could be significantly reduced when the cells were exposed to a canonical Wnt signaling ligand, Wnt3a. Importantly, the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was able to further promote apoptosis in BCG-infected RAW264.7 cells in part by a mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. Immunoblotting analysis further demonstrated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling-induced cell apoptosis partly through a caspase-dependent apoptosis mechanism by down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1, and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, as well as enhancement of caspase-3 activity in BCG-infected RAW264.7 cells. These data may imply an underlying mechanism of alveolar macrophages in response to mycobacterial infection, by which the pathogen induces Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation, which in turn represses mycobacterium-trigged inflammatory responses and promotes mycobacteria-infected cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Guangcun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiujing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yulong He
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yujiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Agarwal M, Nitta RT, Li G. Casein Kinase 2: a novel player in glioblastoma therapy and cancer stem cells. J Mol Genet Med 2014; 8. [PMID: 25264454 DOI: 10.4172/1747-0862.1000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is an oncogenic protein kinase which contributes to tumor development, proliferation, and suppression of apoptosis in multiple cancer types. The mechanism by which CK2 expression and activity leads to tumorigenesis in glioblastoma (GBM), a stage IV primary brain tumor, is being studied. Recent studies demonstrate that CK2 plays an important role in GBM formation and growth through the inhibition of tumor suppressors and activation of oncogenes. In addition, intriguing new reports indicate that CK2 may regulate GBM formation in a novel manner; CK2 may play a critical role in cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance. Since glial CSCs have the ability to self-renew and initiate tumor growth, new treatments which target these CSCs are needed to treat this fatal disease. Inhibition of CK2 is potentially a novel method to inhibit GBM growth and reoccurrence by targeting the glial CSCs. A new, orally available, selective CK2 inhibitor, CX-4945 has had promising results when tested in cancer cell lines, in vivo xenograft models, and human clinical trials. The development of CK2 targeted inhibitors, starting with CX-4945, may lead to a new class of more effective cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Agarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ryan T Nitta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gordon Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Akt activation enhances ribosomal RNA synthesis through casein kinase II and TIF-IA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:20681-6. [PMID: 24297901 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1313097110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription initiation factor I (TIF-IA) plays an essential role in regulating ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis by tethering RNA polymerase I (Pol I) to the rDNA promoter. We have found that activated Akt enhances rRNA synthesis through the phosphorylation of casein kinase IIα (CK2α) on a threonine residue near its N terminus. CK2 in turn phosphorylates TIF-IA, thereby increasing rDNA transcription. Activated Akt also stabilizes TIF-IA, induces its translocation to the nucleolus, and enhances its interaction with Pol I. Treatment with AZD8055, an inhibitor of both Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation, but not with rapamycin, disrupts Akt-mediated TIF-IA stability, translocation, and activity. These data support a model in which activated Akt enhances rRNA synthesis both by preventing TIF-IA degradation and phosphorylating CK2α, which in turn phosphorylates TIF-IA. This model provides an explanation for the ability of activated Akt to promote cell proliferation and, potentially, transformation.
Collapse
|
34
|
Hung MS, Xu Z, Chen Y, Smith E, Mao JH, Hsieh D, Lin YC, Yang CT, Jablons DM, You L. Hematein, a casein kinase II inhibitor, inhibits lung cancer tumor growth in a murine xenograft model. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:1517-22. [PMID: 24008396 PMCID: PMC3823374 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinase II (CK2) inhibitors suppress cancer cell growth. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effects of a novel CK2 inhibitor, hematein, on tumor growth in a murine xenograft model. We found that in lung cancer cells, hematein inhibited cancer cell growth, Akt/PKB Ser129 phosphorylation, the Wnt/TCF pathway and increased apoptosis. In a murine xenograft model of lung cancer, hematein inhibited tumor growth without significant toxicity to the mice tested. Molecular docking showed that hematein binds to CK2α in durable binding sites. Collectively, our results suggest that hematein is an allosteric inhibitor of protein kinase CK2 and has antitumor activity to lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Szu Hung
- Thoracic Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kim J, Hwan Kim S. CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 blocks TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74342. [PMID: 24023938 PMCID: PMC3762800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a major phenotype of cancer metastasis and invasion. As a druggable cancer target, the inhibition of protein kinase CK2 (formally named to casein kinase 2) has been suggested as a promising therapeutic strategy to treat EMT-controlled cancer metastasis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 on the processes of cancer migration and invasion during the EMT in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of CX-4945 on TGF-β1-induced EMT was evaluated in A549 cells treated with TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) and CX-4945. The effect of CX-4945 on TGF-β1-induced cadherin switch and activation of key signaling molecules involved in Smad, non-Smad, Wnt and focal adhesion signaling pathways were investigated by Western blot analysis, immunocytochemistry and reporter assay. Additionally, the effect of CX-4945 on TGF-β1-induced migration and invasion was investigated by wound healing assay, Boyden chamber assay, gelatin zymography, and the quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS CX-4945 inhibits the TGF-β1-induced cadherin switch and the activation of key signaling molecules involved in Smad (Smad2/3, Twist and Snail), non-Smad (Akt and Erk), Wnt (β-catenin) and focal adhesion signaling pathways (FAK, Src and paxillin) that cooperatively regulate the overall process of EMT. As a result, CX-4945 inhibits the migration and invasion of A549 cells accompanied with the downregulation of MMP-2 and 9. CONCLUSIONS Clinical evaluation of CX-4945 in humans as a single agent in solid tumors and multiple myeloma has established its promising pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and safety profiles. Beyond regression of tumor mass, CX-4945 may be advanced as a new therapy for cancer metastasis and EMT-related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Translational Therapeutics, Pharmacology Research Center, Division of Drug Discovery Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Kim
- Laboratory of Translational Therapeutics, Pharmacology Research Center, Division of Drug Discovery Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mavila N, James D, Utley S, Cu N, Coblens O, Mak K, Rountree CB, Kahn M, Wang KS. Fibroblast growth factor receptor-mediated activation of AKT-β-catenin-CBP pathway regulates survival and proliferation of murine hepatoblasts and hepatic tumor initiating stem cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50401. [PMID: 23308088 PMCID: PMC3540100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)-10 promotes the proliferation and survival of murine hepatoblasts during early stages of hepatogenesis through a Wnt-β-catenin dependent pathway. To determine the mechanism by which this occurs, we expanded primary culture of hepatoblasts enriched for progenitor markers CD133 and CD49f from embryonic day (E) 12.5 fetal liver and an established tumor initiating stem cell line from Mat1a(-/-) livers in media conditioned with recombinant (r) FGF10 or rFGF7. FGF Receptor (R) activation resulted in the downstream activation of MAPK, PI3K-AKT, and β-catenin pathways, as well as cellular proliferation. Additionally, increased levels of nuclear β-catenin phosphorylated at Serine-552 in cultured primary hepatoblasts, Mat1a(-/-) cells, and also in ex vivo embryonic liver explants indicate AKT-dependent activation of β-catenin downstream of FGFR activation; conversely, the addition of AKT inhibitor Ly294002 completely abrogated β-catenin activation. FGFR activation-induced cell proliferation and survival were also inhibited by the compound ICG-001, a small molecule inhibitor of β-catenin-CREB Binding Protein (CBP) in hepatoblasts, further indicating a CBP-dependent regulatory mechanism of β-catenin activity. CONCLUSION FGF signaling regulates the proliferation and survival of embryonic and transformed progenitor cells in part through AKT-mediated activation of β-catenin and downstream interaction with the transcriptional co-activator CBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirmala Mavila
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - David James
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sarah Utley
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Nguyen Cu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Orly Coblens
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Katrina Mak
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - C. Bart Rountree
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Michael Kahn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kasper S. Wang
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Anti-androgen receptor activity of apoptotic CK2 inhibitor CX4945 in human prostate cancer LNCap cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:5470-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Protein kinase CK2 in hematologic malignancies: reliance on a pivotal cell survival regulator by oncogenic signaling pathways. Leukemia 2012; 26:1174-9. [PMID: 22289987 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
CK2 is a multitask kinase whose role is essential for a countless number of cellular processes, many of which are critical for blood cell development. A prevailing task for this kinase rests on counteracting programmed cell death triggered by multiple stimuli. CK2 is overexpressed in many solid tumors and in vivo mouse models have proven its tumorigenic potential. Recent data have suggested that CK2 may also have a significant role in the pathogenesis of hematopoietic tumors, such as multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. CK2 regulates hematopoiesis-associated signaling pathways and seems to reinforce biochemical cascades indispensable for tumor growth, proliferation and resistance to conventional and novel cytotoxic agents. Although its activity is multifold, recent evidence supports the rationale of CK2 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in solid and hematological tumors and phase-I clinical trials are in progress to test the efficacy of this innovative therapeutic approach. In this review, we will summarize the data supporting CK2 as an oncogenic kinase in blood tumors and we will describe some critical signaling pathways, whose regulation by this protein kinase may be implicated in tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|