1
|
Xu AL, Han L, Yan J, Liu D, Wang W. Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Inhibition of Hepatic Fibrosis by Delivering miR-200a. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:609-624. [PMID: 38568409 PMCID: PMC11087440 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a common pathological feature of chronic hepatic diseases. We aimed to illuminate the significance of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (AMSCs-EVs) in HF. METHODS Human AMSCs-EVs were isolated and identified. HF mice were constructed and treated with EVs. The fibrosis was observed by staining experiments and Western blot (WB) assay. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp) were detected to confirm liver function. For the in vitro experiments, human hepatic stellate cells were induced with transforming growth factor-β and treated with EVs. To measure the degree of HF, the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Collagen I was detected by WB assay, and cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit 8 assay. The levels of miR-200a, Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3) were detected by WB and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The binding of ZEB1 to PIK3R3 and miR-200a to ZEB1 was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase assays to validate their relationships. RESULTS Human AMSCs and AMSCs-EVs were obtained. Serum ALT, AST, TBIL, and hepatic Hyp were increased, implying the fibrosis degree was aggravated in HF mice, which was decreased again after EV treatment. EVs inhibited HF degree by reducing α-SMA and Collagen I and promoting cell proliferation. AMSCs-EVs delivered miR-200a into hepatocytes, which up-regulated miR-200a expression, inhibited ZEB1 expression, and reduced its enrichment on the PIK3R3 promoter, therefore inhibiting PIK3R3 expression and alleviating HF. Overexpression of ZEB1 or PIK3R3 attenuated the anti-fibrotic effect of AMSCs-EVs. CONCLUSION Human AMSCs-derived EVs mediated miR-200a delivery and inhibition of intracellular ZEB1/PIK3R3 axis to exert anti-fibrosis effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Lei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, 189 Fenglin 3rd Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Long Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, 189 Fenglin 3rd Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, 189 Fenglin 3rd Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, 189 Fenglin 3rd Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, 189 Fenglin 3rd Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410205, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang D, Han S, Lv G, Hu Y, Zhuo W, Zeng Z, Tang J, Huang Y, Wang F, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhao G. Pancreatic Acinar Cells-Derived Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Contributes to Fibrosis of Chronic Pancreatitis via Inducing Autophagy and Activation of Pancreatic Stellate Cells. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:1488-1504.e20. [PMID: 37634735 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Studies have demonstrated that activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a crucial role in pancreatic fibrogenesis in chronic pancreatitis (CP); however, the precise mechanism for PSCs activation has not been fully elucidated. We analyzed the role of injured pancreatic acinar cells (iPACs) in the activation of PSCs of CP. METHODS Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1)/sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling was evaluated in experimental CP induced by cerulein injection or pancreatic duct ligation, as well as in PACs injured by cholecystokinin. The activation of PSCs and pancreatic fibrosis in CP samples was evaluated by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analyses. In vitro coculture assay of iPACs and PSCs was created to evaluate the effect of the SPHK1/S1P pathway and S1P receptor 2 (SIPR2) on autophagy and activation of PSCs. The pathogenesis of CP was assessed in SPHK1-/- mice or PACs-specific SPHK1-knockdown mice with recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes 9-SPHK1-knockdown, as well as in mice treated with inhibitor of SPHK1 and S1P receptor 2 (S1PR2). RESULTS SPHK1/S1P was remarkably increased in iPACs and acinar cells in pancreatic tissues of CP mice. Meanwhile, the pathogenesis, fibrosis, and PSCs activation of CP was significantly prevented in SPHK1-/- mice and recombinant adeno-associated virus serotypes 9-SPHK1-knockdown mice. Meanwhile, iPACs obviously activated PSCs, which was prevented by SPHK1 knockdown in iPACs. Moreover, iPACs-derived S1P specifically combined to S1PR2 of PSCs, by which modulated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin pathway and consequently induced autophagy and activation of PSCs. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α and -2α promoted SPHK1 transcription of PACs under hypoxia conditions, which is a distinct characteristic of the CP microenvironment. Coincidently, inhibition of SPHK1 and S1PR2 activity with inhibitor PF-543 and JTE-013 obviously impeded pancreatic fibrogenesis of CP mice. CONCLUSIONS The activated SPHK1/S1P pathway in iPACs induces autophagy and activation of PSCs by regulating the S1PR2/5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, which promotes fibrogenesis of CP. The hypoxia microenvironment might contribute to the cross talk between PACs and PSCs in pathogenesis of CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Decai Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Shengbo Han
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Guozheng Lv
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Yuhang Hu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Wenfeng Zhuo
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang M, Chen W, Xia R, Peng Y, Niu P, Fan H. Pancreatic Stellate Cells and the Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Pancreatitis. Molecules 2023; 28:5586. [PMID: 37513458 PMCID: PMC10383437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease characterized by inflammatory recurrence that accompanies the development of pancreatic fibrosis. As the mystery of CP pathogenesis is gradually revealed, accumulating evidence suggests that the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and the appearance of a myofibroblast-like phenotype are the key gatekeepers in the development of CP. Targeting PSCs to prevent their activation and conversion to a myofibroblast-like phenotype, as well as increasing antioxidant capacity to counteract ongoing oxidative stress, are effective strategies for preventing or treating CP. Therefore, we reviewed the crosstalk between CP and pancreatic fibrosis, summarized the activation mechanisms of PSCs, and investigated potential CP therapeutic strategies targeting PSCs, including, but not limited to, anti-fibrosis therapy, antioxidant therapy, and gene therapy. Meanwhile, the above therapeutic strategies are selected in order to update the available phytopharmaceuticals as novel complementary or alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of CP to clarify their potential mechanisms of action and their relevant molecular targets, aiming to provide the most comprehensive therapeutic treatment direction for CP and to bring new hope to CP patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Chang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruting Xia
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yangyue Peng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pandi Niu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Al-Noshokaty TM, Mansour A, Abdelhamid R, Abdellatif N, Alaaeldien A, Reda T, Abdelmaksoud NM, Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS. Role of long non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and treatment resistance- A review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154438. [PMID: 37043965 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest cancers associated with poor prognosis. The lack of reliable means of early cancer detection contributes to this disease's dismal prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are protein-free RNAs produced by genome transcription; they play critical roles in gene expression regulation, epigenetic modification, cell proliferation, differentiation, and reproduction. Recent research has shown that lncRNAs play important regulatory roles in PC behaviors, in addition to their recently found functions. Several in-depth investigations have shown that lncRNAs are strongly linked to PC development and progression. Here, we discuss how lncRNAs, which are often overlooked, play many roles as regulators in the molecular mechanism underlying PC. This review also discusses the involved LncRNAs in PC pathogenesis and treatment resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tohada M Al-Noshokaty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Rehab Abdelhamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan Abdellatif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ayat Alaaeldien
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Tasnim Reda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ni YH, Wang R, Wang W, Li DZ, Liu G, Jiang CS, Wang Y, Lin X, Zeng XP. Tcf21 Alleviates Pancreatic Fibrosis by Regulating the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transformation of Pancreatic Stellate Cells. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07849-w. [PMID: 36943591 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07849-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) plays a key role in the occurrence and development of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic fibrosis, which is related to the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study was designed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Tcf21 (one of tumor suppressor genes) on pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. METHODS C57BL/6 male mice were intraperitoneally injected with caerulein for 6 weeks to establish CP animal model. Fixed pancreatic tissue paraffin-embedded sections were used for immunohistochemistry staining of Tcf21, fibrosis-related markers (α-SMA), interstitial markers (Vimentin) and epithelial markers (E-cadherin). Western blotting and qRT-PCR assay were performed to analyze the change of expression of the above markers after stimulation of TGF-β1 or overexpressed Tcf21 lentivirus transfection in human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSCs). RESULTS The pancreatic expression of α-SMA and Vimentin of CP mice significantly increased, while the expression of Tcf21 and E-cadherin significantly decreased. TGF-β1 could promote activation and EMT process of HPSCs, and inhibited the expression of Tcf21. Overexpression of Tcf21 could significantly down-regulate the expression of α-SMA, Fibronectin and Vimentin, and up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 of HPSCs. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and scratch wound-healing assay results showed that overexpression of Tcf21 could significantly inhibit the cell migration and proliferation of HPSCs. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of Tcf21 could significantly alleviate the activation, proliferation, migration of PSCs by regulating the EMT process. Tcf21 had a potential prospect of a new target for CP therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Ni
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Da-Zhou Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Shen Jiang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China
| | - Xiang-Peng Zeng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou, 350025, China.
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Dongfang Hospital, Xiamen University, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmed ASF, Sharkawi SS, AbdelHameed SS, Bayoumi AM, Moussa RS, Alhakamy NA, Al Sadoun H, Mansouri RA, El-Moselhy MA, El-Daly M, Anter AF, Truhan TE. Ketogenic diet restores hormonal, apoptotic/proliferative balance and enhances the effect of metformin on a letrozole-induced polycystic ovary model in rats. Life Sci 2023; 313:121285. [PMID: 36526050 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovaries (PCO) is a hormonal disorder that is a leading cause of infertility. The formation of multiple persistent cysts and hormonal imbalance are hallmarks of PCO. Recent clinical studies reported a beneficial effect of the ketogenic diet (KD; high-fat, low-carbohydrate) on PCO. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the KD alone and in combination with metformin on letrozole-induced PCO in female rats. METHODS Female rats were grouped into control and PCO (letrozole; 1 mg/kg for 21 days). The PCO group was subdivided into PCO (non-treated), PCO-metformin (300 mg/kg), PCO rats fed with KD only, and PCO rats treated with metformin and fed with KD. All groups continued to receive letrozole during the 21-day treatment period. At the end of the experiment, serum and ovaries were collected for further analysis. RESULTS The untreated-PCO rats showed increased testosterone, LH/FSH ratio, and ovary weights. Disturbed apoptosis and proliferation balance were evident as a low caspase-3 activation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and increased TGF-β expression. The KD improved the letrozole-induced effects, which was comparable to the effect of metformin. Combining the KD with metformin treatment additively enhanced the metformin effect. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the KD has a protective role against PCO in rats, especially when combined with metformin. This study reveals a potential therapeutic role of the KD in PCO, which could prompt valuable future clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Sara S Sharkawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Sara S AbdelHameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Bayoumi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rabab S Moussa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Mohamed Saeed Tamer Chair for Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Al Sadoun
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Mansouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A El-Moselhy
- Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology Department, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Aliaa F Anter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chu X, Yang Y, Tian X. Crosstalk between Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in the Tumor Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomal MicroRNAs. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179512. [PMID: 36076911 PMCID: PMC9455258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant digestive tumors, characterized by a low rate of early diagnosis, strong invasiveness, and early metastasis. The abundant stromal cells, dense extracellular matrix, and lack of blood supply in PDAC limit the penetration of chemotherapeutic drugs, resulting in poor efficacy of the current treatment regimens. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor cells can secrete exosomes to promote the generation of activated CAFs, meanwhile exosomes secreted by CAFs help promote tumor progression. The aberrant expression of miRNAs in exosomes is involved in the interaction between tumor cells and CAFs, which provides the possibility for the application of exosomal miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of PDAC. The current article reviews the mechanism of exosomal miRNAs in the crosstalk between PDAC cells and CAFs in the tumor microenvironment, in order to improve the understanding of TME regulation and provide evidence for designing diagnostic and therapeutic targets against exosome miRNA in human PDAC.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zheng M, Gao R. Vitamin D: A Potential Star for Treating Chronic Pancreatitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902639. [PMID: 35734414 PMCID: PMC9207250 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic inflammatory and fibrotic disease of the pancreas. The incidence of CP is increasing worldwide but the effective therapies are lacking. Hence, it is necessary to identify economical and effective agents for the treatment of CP patients. Vitamin D (VD) and its analogues have been confirmed as pleiotropic regulators of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and autophagy. Clinical studies show that VD deficiency is prevalent in CP patients. However, the correlation between VD level and the risk of CP remains controversial. VD and its analogues have been demonstrated to inhibit pancreatic fibrosis by suppressing the activation of pancreatic stellate cells and the production of extracellular matrix. Limited clinical trials have shown that the supplement of VD can improve VD deficiency in patients with CP, suggesting a potential therapeutic value of VD in CP. However, the mechanisms by which VD and its analogues inhibit pancreatic fibrosis have not been fully elucidated. We are reviewing the current literature concerning the risk factors for developing CP, prevalence of VD deficiency in CP, mechanisms of VD action in PSC-mediated fibrogenesis during the development of CP and potential therapeutic applications of VD and its analogues in the treatment of CP.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang J, Bai J, Zhou Q, Hu Y, Wang Q, Yang L, Chen H, An H, Zhou C, Wang Y, Chen X, Li M. Glutathione prevents high glucose-induced pancreatic fibrosis by suppressing pancreatic stellate cell activation via the ROS/TGFβ/SMAD pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:440. [PMID: 35523788 PMCID: PMC9076672 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) is the key mechanism of pancreatic fibrosis, which can lead to β-cell failure. Oxidative stress is an important risk factor for PSC activation. There is no direct evidence proving if administration of glutathione can inhibit fibrosis and β-cell failure. To explore the role of glutathione in pancreatic fibrosis and β-cell failure induced by hyperglycaemia, we established a rat model of pancreatic fibrosis and β-cell failure. The model was founded through long-term oscillating glucose (LOsG) intake and the setup of a sham group and a glutathione intervention group. In vitro, rat PSCs were treated with low glucose, high glucose, or high glucose plus glutathione to explore the mechanism of high glucose-induced PSC activation and the downstream effects of glutathione. Compared with sham rats, LOsG-treated rats had higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in peripheral leukocytes and pancreatic tissue while TGFβ signalling was upregulated. In addition, as the number of PSCs and pancreatic fibrosis increased, β-cell function was significantly impaired. Glutathione evidently inhibited the upregulation of TGFβ signalling and several unfavourable outcomes caused by LOsG. In vitro treatment of high glucose for 72 h resulted in higher ROS accumulation and potentiated TGFβ pathway activation in PSCs. PSCs showed myofibroblast phenotype transformation with upregulation of α-SMA expression and increased cell proliferation and migration. Treatment with either glutathione or TGFβ pathway inhibitors alleviated these changes. Together, our findings suggest that glutathione can inhibit PSC activation-induced pancreatic fibrosis via blocking ROS/TGFβ/SMAD signalling in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitai Zhang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juan Bai
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lanting Yang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huamin Chen
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui An
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China ,grid.417384.d0000 0004 1764 2632Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chuanzan Zhou
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Wang
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiufang Chen
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- grid.268099.c0000 0001 0348 3990Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China ,grid.417384.d0000 0004 1764 2632The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hrabák P, Kalousová M, Krechler T, Zima T. Pancreatic stellate cells - rising stars in pancreatic pathologies. Physiol Res 2021. [DOI: 10.33549//physiolres.934783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) receive growing interest in past decades. Two types of PSCs are recognized –vitamin A accumulating quiescent PSCs and activated PSCs- the main producents of extracellular matrix in pancreatic tissue. PSCs plays important role in pathogenesis of pancreatic fibrosis in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. PSCs are intensively studied as potential therapeutical target because of their important role in developing desmoplastic stroma in pancreatic cancer. There also exists evidence that PSC are involved in other pathologies like type-2 diabetes mellitus. This article brings brief characteristics of PSCs and recent advances in research of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Kalousová
- 2Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
MicroRNA 200a (miR-200a) can inhibit the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) through the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, and improve fibrotic lesions. However, to date, there is no study exploring the role of miR-200a in schistosomiasis liver fibrosis (SLF). In this study, 64 healthy female Balb/c mice were selected and randomly divided into four groups: normal control group (non-infected schistosomiasis group), schistosomiasis model group, Lenti-NC group (lentivirus-negative control group), and Lenti-miR-200a group (lentivirus experimental group). Fluorescence quantitative PCR detection was used to measure the expression level of RNA. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of mouse liver tissue. Furthermore, ELISA was used to detect the serum concentrations of inflammation factors. We found that the expression level of miR-200a in liver tissues gradually decreased with the development of SLF. However, fibrosis factors (α-SMA and TGF-β2) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IFN-γ) in liver tissues and serum increased and the expression level of Colla I reached its peak in the 6th week of infection. Besides, compared with the schistosomiasis group and Lenti-NC group, the Lenti-NC group had lower levels of α-SMA, TGF-β2 and Colla I (P > 0.05). Furthermore, inflammatory cells and blue collagen fibers appeared and they increased with the development of infection in the schistosomiasis group and Lenti-NC group, but these changes reduced significantly in Lenti-miR-200a group. Our study demonstrated that upregulation of miR-200a might contribute to inhibiting schistosomiasis liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailei Xu
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanzhen Zhong
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Liu
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Gastroenterology Department, Hunan Aerospace Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He T, Zhang X, Hao J, Ding S. Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in Non-neoplastic Digestive Disease: More Than Just Tumor Suppressor. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684529. [PMID: 34140896 PMCID: PMC8204087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, which acts through its unique protein phosphatase and lipid phosphatase activity. PTEN protein is widely distributed and exhibits complex biological functions and regulatory modes. It is involved in the regulation of cell morphology, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration through a variety of signaling pathways. The role of PTEN in malignant tumors of the digestive system is well documented. Recent studies have indicated that PTEN may be closely related to many other benign processes in digestive organs. Emerging evidence suggests that PTEN is a potential therapeutic target in the context of several non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract. The recent discovery of PTEN isoforms is expected to help unravel more biological effects of PTEN in non-neoplastic digestive diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Orai1 Channel Regulates Human-Activated Pancreatic Stellate Cell Proliferation and TGF β1 Secretion through the AKT Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102395. [PMID: 34063470 PMCID: PMC8156432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), the main source of cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), are well known as the key actor of the abundant fibrotic stroma development surrounding the tumor cells. In permanent communication with the tumor cells, they enhance PDAC early spreading and limit the drug delivery. However, the understanding of PSC activation mechanisms and the associated signaling pathways is still incomplete. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of Ca2+, and Orai1 Ca2+ channels, in two main PSC activation processes: cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. Indeed, Ca2+ is a versatile second messenger implicated in the regulation of numerous biological processes. We believe that a better comprehension of PSC Ca2+ -dependent activation mechanisms will bring up new crucial PDAC early prognostic markers or new targeting approaches in PDAC treatment. Abstract Activated pancreatic stellate cells (aPSCs), the crucial mediator of pancreatic desmoplasia, are characterized, among others, by high proliferative potential and abundant transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) secretion. Over the past years, the involvement of Ca2+ channels in PSC pathophysiology has attracted great interest in pancreatic cancer research. We, thus, aimed to investigate the role of the Orai1 Ca2+ channel in these two PSC activation processes. Using the siRNA approach, we invalided Orai1 expression and assessed the channel functionality by Ca2+ imaging, the effect on aPSC proliferation, and TGFβ1 secretion. We demonstrated the functional expression of the Orai1 channel in human aPSCs and its implication in the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). Orai1 silencing led to a decrease in aPSC proliferation, TGFβ1 secretion, and AKT activation. Interestingly, TGFβ1 induced a higher SOCE response by increasing Orai1 mRNAs and proteins and promoted both AKT phosphorylation and cell proliferation, abolished by Orai1 silencing. Together, our results highlight the role of Orai1-mediated Ca2+ entry in human aPSC pathophysiology by controlling cell proliferation and TGFβ1 secretion through the AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, we showed a TGFβ1-induced autocrine positive feedback loop by promoting the Orai1/AKT-dependent proliferation via the stimulation of Orai1 expression and function.
Collapse
|
14
|
Fang B, Wen S, Li Y, Bai F, Wei Y, Xiong Y, Huang Q, Lin X. Prediction and verification of target of helenalin against hepatic stellate cell activation based on miR-200a-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 92:107208. [PMID: 33444919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a crucial event in the progress of liver fibrosis. In this study, the target of helenalin was firstly predicted by bioinformatics analysis, and then the prediction was verified by various experiments. HSC-T6 cells were activated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and then treated with helenalin. Moreover, HSC-T6 cells were transfected with miR-200a mimic or inhibitor, and the effect of helenalin on the miR-200a-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways was investigated. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that miR-200a might regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway, NF-κB activation, Bcl-2 family and Caspases, ultimately affecting cell survival and apoptosis. Interestingly, the molecular docking demonstrated that the target of helenalin might be miR-200a-mediated the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, the experiments showed that helenalin administration led to the inactivation of HSC-T6 cells, as evidenced by the inhibition of cell proliferation, α-SMA expression and collagen production. The mechanism studies showed that helenalin reduced collagen accumulation by restoring the balance of MMPs/TIMPs. Moreover, helenalin markedly suppressed HSC activation by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway and alleviated inflammatory response by blocking the NF-κB signal transduction. Further study indicated that helenalin up-regulated miR-200a expression, thus leading to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways. In conclusion, helenalin inhibits HSC activation via inhibiting the miR-200a-mediated PI3K/Akt and NF-κB pathways, and it may be developed as a potential medicine for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fang
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shujuan Wen
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yan Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Facheng Bai
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuhua Xiong
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Quanfang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530023, China.
| | - Xing Lin
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ramamoorthy K, Anandam KY, Yasujima T, Srinivasan P, Said HM. Posttranscriptional regulation of thiamin transporter-1 expression by microRNA-200a-3p in pancreatic acinar cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 319:G323-G332. [PMID: 32683950 PMCID: PMC7509260 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00178.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The water-soluble vitamin B1 (thiamin) plays essential roles in normal metabolism and function of all human/mammalian cells, including the pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). PACs obtain thiamin from their surrounding circulation via transport across the plasma membrane, a process that is mediated by thiamin transporter (THTR)-1 and THTR-2. We have previously characterized different aspects of thiamin uptake by mouse and human primary PACs, but little is known about posttranscriptional regulation of the uptake event. We addressed this by focusing on the predominant thiamin transporter THTR-1 (encoded by SLC19A2 gene) in PACs. Transfecting pmirGLO-SLC19A2 3'-untranslated region (UTR) into mouse-derived PAC 266-6 cells leads to a significant reduction in luciferase activity compared with cells transfected with empty vector. Subjecting the SLC19A2 3'-UTR to different in silico algorithms identified multiple putative microRNA binding sites in this region. Focusing on miR-200a-3p (since it is highly expressed in mouse and human pancreas), we found that transfecting PAC 266-6 and human primary PACs (hPACs) with mimic miR-200a-3p leads to a significant inhibition of THTR-1 expression (both protein and mRNA levels) and in thiamin uptake. In contrast, transfection by miR-200a-3p inhibitor leads to an increase in THTR-1 expression and thiamin uptake. Additionally, truncating the region carrying miR-200a-3p binding site in SLC19A2 3'-UTR and mutating the binding site lead to abrogation in the inhibitory effect of this microRNA on luciferase activity in PAC 266-6. These results demonstrate that expression of THTR-1 and thiamin uptake in PACs is subject to posttranscriptional regulation by microRNAs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The findings of this study show, for the first time, that the membrane transporter of vitamin B1, i.e., thiamin transporter-1 (THTR-1), is subject to regulation by microRNAs (specifically miR-200a-3p) in mouse and human primary pancreatic acinar cells (PACs). The results also show that this posttranscriptional regulation has functional consequences on the ability of PACs to take in the essential micronutrient thiamin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kalidas Ramamoorthy
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Kasin Yadunandam Anandam
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Medical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Tomoya Yasujima
- 4Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Padmanabhan Srinivasan
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Medical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| | - Hamid M. Said
- 1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,2Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California,3Department of Medical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ren YC, Zhao Q, He Y, Li B, Wu Z, Dai J, Wen L, Wang X, Hu G. Legumain promotes fibrogenesis in chronic pancreatitis via activation of transforming growth factor β1. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:863-874. [PMID: 32415356 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer; however, little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the development of CP. Legumain (Lgmn) has been linked to some chronic inflammatory diseases. The present study investigated the role of legumain in pancreatic fibrogenesis. We induced CP in wild type C57BL6 (WT), Lgmn-deficient (Lgmn-/-), Lgmnflox/flox and Lgmnflox/flox × LysMCre mice by intraperitoneal injection of caerulein for 4 weeks. Pancreata were collected and analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and histology. Pancreatic stellate cells and macrophages were isolated and studied using immunofluorescence, gelatin zymography, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of inhibition of legumain were investigated in vivo by administration of the specific legumain inhibitor, RR-11a. Legumain was found to be upregulated in the serum and pancreatic tissues of mice with caerulein-induced CP. Mice with global and macrophage-specific legumain deficiency exhibited significantly reduced development of pancreatic fibrosis compared with control mice, based on pancreas size, histology, and expression of fibrosis-associated genes. Our results indicate that legumain promotes activation of pancreatic stellate cells and increases synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins via activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2), which hydrolyzes the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) precursor to form active TGF-β1. Administration of RR-11a markedly attenuated pancreatic fibrosis in mice with CP. Deficiency or inhibition of legumain significantly reduces the severity of pancreatic fibrosis by suppressing activation of the TGF-β1 precursor. Our results highlight the potential of legumain as a novel therapeutic target for CP. KEY MESSAGES: • Legumain expression was markedly upregulated in CP mice. • Deletion of legumain attenuated pancreatic fibrosis in CP mice. • Legumain promotes fibrosis via MMP-2 activation, which hydrolyzed the TGF-β1 precursor to the active form. • Legumain is a potential therapeutic target for the management of CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Zengkai Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Guoyong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gu W, Pan W, Zhu Q, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liu J, Li M. [Expression of kinesin KIF3A in the kidney of mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:219-224. [PMID: 32376524 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.02.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression of KIF3A in mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and TGF-β1-induced NRK-52E cells and the role of KIF3A in renal tubular epithelial cell transdifferentiation. METHODS Thirty-six C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the sham group (n=18) and UUO group (n=18). Six mice in each group were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 21days after the operation. The degree of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis of the mice was observed by HE staining, Masson trichrome staining and Sirius red staining. The expression and distribution of KIF3A in the kidney of the mice was detected using RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of KIF3A, E-cadherin and α-SMA proteins in the renal tissue of the mice. The expressions of KIF3A, E-cadherin, α-SMA, Wnt4 and β-catenin proteins in NRK-52E cells with TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the sham-operated mice, the mice with UUO showed worsened renal interstitial fibrosis with the increase of obstruction time, indicating successful modeling. The expressions of KIF3A mRNA and protein increased progressively and reached the peaked level at 21 days after UUO. The expression of α-SMA protein was significantly increased while E-cadherin protein expression was significantly reduced after UUO. The transdifferentiated NRK-52E cells showed significantly increased expressions of KIF3A (P < 0.001), Wnt4 (P < 0.05) and β-catenin proteins (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS KIF3A may participate in the development of renal fibrosis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediated by wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Gu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Biobank, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenbin Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510028, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Xu X, Yu H, Sun L, Zheng C, Shan Y, Zhou Z, Wang C, Chen B. Adipose‑derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate dibutyltin dichloride‑induced chronic pancreatitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1833-1840. [PMID: 32319628 PMCID: PMC7057804 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) play a positive role in tissue injury repair and regeneration. The aim of this study was to determine whether ASCs could ameliorate chronic pancreatitis (CP) induced by the injection of dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC) and to elucidate its potential mechanisms. Furthermore, this study also explored whether there was a significant difference if the ASCs were injected via the inferior vena cava or the left gastric artery. CP was induced in rats by a single intravenous administration of DBTC, and the accumulation of collagen and apoptotic rates of pancreatic acinar cells were analyzed. According to the results, ASCs markedly reduced DBTC-induced pancreatic damage and collagen deposition in the rat model of CP. Moreover, ASCs significantly decreased pancreatic cell apoptosis by regulating the expression levels of caspase-3, BAX and Bcl-2. These effects were observed regardless of whether the injection was in the inferior vena cava or the left gastric artery. It was also found that the expression levels of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT and mTOR in pancreatic tissues of the DBTC-induced CP model group were significantly increased, while the expression levels of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT and mTOR in the two treatment groups were markedly decreased. ASCs noticeably suppressed the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the pancreatic tissue of DBTC-induced CP. This study indicated that ASCs protect against pancreatic fibrosis by modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and have the potential to be a new strategy for the treatment of CP in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Xu
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Huajun Yu
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chenlei Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Shan
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxu Zhou
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato‑Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li L, Ran J, Li L, Chen G, Zhang S, Wang Y. Gli3 is a novel downstream target of miR‑200a with an anti‑fibrotic role for progression of liver fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1861-1871. [PMID: 32319630 PMCID: PMC7057771 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
GLI family zinc finger 3 (Gli3), as the upstream transcriptional activator of hedgehog signaling, has previously been demonstrated to participate in the process of liver fibrosis. The present study aimed to investigate the potential functions of microRNA (miR)‑200a and Gli3 in the progression of liver fibrosis. The expression levels of miR‑200a and Gli3 in cells and tissues were determined by PCR and western blotting; the interaction of Gli3 and miR‑200a was evaluated by bioinformatics analysis and dual‑luciferase reporter assay. miR‑200a was significantly reduced in serum samples from clinical patients, liver tissues of a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‑induced rat model and activated LX2 cells. The expression of α‑smooth muscle actin (α‑SMA) and albumin at the mRNA and protein levels was increased and decreased in LX2 cells, respectively. However, the expression levels of α‑SMA and albumin were reversed and Gli3 expression was markedly decreased in LX2 cells when transfected with miR‑200a mimics. In addition, the dual‑-luciferase reporter assay confirmed the target interaction between miR‑200a and Gli3. Finally, following the administration of miR‑200a mimics to CCl4‑induced rats, it was revealed that the alterations of α‑SMA, albumin and Gli3 presented a similar trend to that in LX2 cells with miR‑200a mimics transfection. Taken together, these results indicated that downregulation of miR‑200a might enhance the formation of liver fibrosis, probably by targeting Gli3, and elevated miR‑200a may attenuate the progression of liver fibrosis by suppressing Gli3. These findings suggested that miR‑200a may function as a novel anti‑fibrotic agent in liver fibrosis via inhibition of the expression of Gli3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Jianghua Ran
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Shengning Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Yingjia Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First People's Hospital of Kunming City, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jin G, Hong W, Guo Y, Bai Y, Chen B. Molecular Mechanism of Pancreatic Stellate Cells Activation in Chronic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1505-1515. [PMID: 32047557 PMCID: PMC6995390 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are the main effector cells in the process of fibrosis, a major pathological feature in pancreatic diseases that including chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. During tumorigenesis, quiescent PSCs change into an active myofibroblast-like phenotype which could create a favorable tumor microenvironment and facilitate cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasiveness and inducing treatment resistance of pancreatic cancer cells. Many cellular signals are revealed contributing to the activation of PSCs, such as transforming growth factor-β, platelet derived growth factor, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Smads, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways and so on. Therefore, investigating the role of these factors and signaling pathways in PSCs activation will promote the development of PSCs-specific therapeutic strategies that may provide novel options for pancreatic cancer therapy. In this review, we systematically summarize the current knowledge about PSCs activation-associated stimulating factors and signaling pathways and hope to provide new strategies for the treatment of pancreatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Jin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weilong Hong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yangyang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu Z, Hou Q, Li M, Fu X. Molecular mechanism of myofibroblast formation and strategies for clinical drugs treatments in hypertrophic scars. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4109-4119. [PMID: 31612497 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HTS) commonly occurred after burn and trauma. It was characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix with the inadequate remodeling, which could result in severe physiological and psychological problems. However, the effective available prevention and treatment measures were still limited. The main pathological feature of HTS was the excessive formation of myofibroblasts, and they persist in the repaired tissue. To better understand the mechanics of this process, this review focused on the characteristics and formation of myofibroblasts, the main effector cells in HTS. We summarized the present theories and opinions on myofibroblasts formation from the perspective of related signaling pathways and epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation, miRNA/lncRNA/ceRNA action, histone modification, and so forth for a better understanding on the development of HTS. This information might assist in developing effective experimental and clinical treatment strategies. Additionally, we also summarized currently known clinical strategies for HTS treatment, including traditional drugs, molecular medicine, stem cells, and exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Hou
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meirong Li
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Central Laboratory, Trauma Treatment Center, Central Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital Hainan Branch, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Science, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this manuscript is to review the current literature related to fibrogenesis in the pancreatobiliary system and how this process contributes to pancreatic and biliary diseases. In particular, we seek to define the current state of knowledge regarding the epigenetic mechanisms that govern and regulate tissue fibrosis in these organs. A better understanding of these underlying molecular events will set the stage for future epigenetic therapeutics. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight the significant advances that have been made in defining the pathogenesis of pancreatobiliary fibrosis as it relates to chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and the fibro-obliterative cholangiopathies. We also review the cell types involved as well as concepts related to epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk. Furthermore, we outline important signaling pathways (e.g., TGFβ) and diverse epigenetic processes (i.e., DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, histone modifications, and 3D chromatin remodeling) that regulate fibrogenic gene networks in these conditions. We review a growing body of scientific evidence linking epigenetic regulatory events to fibrotic disease states in the pancreas and biliary system. Advances in this understudied area will be critical toward developing epigenetic pharmacological approaches that may lead to more effective treatments for these devastating and difficult to treat disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Obaidullah Aseem
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, FL, USA
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Robert C Huebert
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rochester, FL, USA.
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Mayo Clinic Foundation, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wei X, Bao Y, Zhan X, Zhang L, Hao G, Zhou J, Chen Q. MiR-200a ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis and functional deterioration in a rat model of peritoneal dialysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:889-896. [PMID: 30888602 PMCID: PMC6499761 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is recognised as the main cause of the technical failure of peritoneal dialysis (PD), and currently, there are no specific and effective anti-fibrosis therapies. We have found that miR-200a is down-regulated in a rat model of PD-related peritoneal fibrosis (PF) and could inhibit transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in peritoneal mesothelial cells by target ZEB1/2. However, its treatment role in vivo is still largely unclear. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential for miR-200a on PD-related PF in a rat model of PD induced by daily infusion of 4.25% dextrose-containing dialysate. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group, PD group, PD + miR-agomir-NC group, and PD + miR-200a-agomir group (n = 5 in each group). MiR-200a agomir was delivered into the peritoneum by intra-peritoneal injection on days 10 and 20 after PD. We found that treatment with miR-200a agomir significantly reduced the collagen volume fraction (CVF) of the peritoneum and prevented peritoneal dysfunction. The up-regulation of the EMT marker (decreased E-cadherin and increased α-smooth muscle actin) and extracellular matrix (fibronectin and collagen I) was significantly ameliorated by miR-200a in the PD + miR-200a-agomir group. Furthermore, we demonstrated that miR-200a inhibition of PF in vivo was associated with the suppression of ZEB1 and 2, which were proved to be the target of miR-200a in our previous study. In conclusion, results from the present study suggest that treatment with miR-200a may represent a novel and effective therapy for PD-related PF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Bao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guojun Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.,Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan, 528400, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinkai Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Effect of Kangxianling Decoction on Expression of TGF- β1/Smads and Extracellular Matrix Deposition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5813549. [PMID: 30713574 PMCID: PMC6332943 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5813549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Kangxianling (KXL) decoction is a traditional Chinese herbal formulation which has been used to treat early and midterm chronic renal failure. Renal fibrosis is a common characteristic of progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKD). The formation of renal fibrosis is caused by kidney trauma, infection, and immune response. The pathophysiological mechanism of renal fibrosis was mainly due to increased collagen synthesis in the kidney, decreased degradation, and a large amount of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The purpose of this study was intended to evaluate the effect of Kangxianling decoction on expression of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in renal fibrosis rats. 50 specific pathogen-free Sprague Dawley (SPF SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, sham group, 5/6 nephrectomy model group, 5/6 nephrectomy model plus KXL decoction (21g /kg) group, and 5/6 nephrectomy model plus Losartan Potassium (LP) (33.3 g/kg) group. The rats were all sacrificed after two months and the left kidney tissue was sampled. HE staining was used to observe the renal pathological changes and the score of kidney damage was made. Masson staining was used to observe the degree of renal fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining, western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression levels of related molecules in TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. The results suggested that KXL could lighten renal histopathology damage, downregulate the expression of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1), Smad2/3, CTGF (connective tissue growth factor), Collagen I, and Collagen III, and upregulate the expression level of Smad7.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang X, Jin T, Huang X, Liu X, Liu Z, Jia Y, Hao J. Effects of the tumor suppressor PTEN on biological behaviors of activated pancreatic stellate cells in pancreatic fibrosis. Exp Cell Res 2018; 373:132-144. [PMID: 30321515 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), when activated, are characterized by proliferation and collagen synthesis, and contribute to extracellular matrix deposition in pancreatic fibrosis. Concomitantly, fibrosis is linked with the loss of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) protein in several organs. This study investigated the association between PTEN protein levels and the activated or apoptotic status of PSCs in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis. In addition, the activation status and biological behaviors of culture-activated PSCs were analyzed after lentiviral transfection with wildtype or mutant (G129E) PTEN for upregulation, or PTEN short hairpin RNA for downregulation, of PTEN. In vivo, PTEN levels gradually decreased during pancreatic fibrosis, which positively correlated with apoptosis of activated PSCs, but negatively with PSC activation. In vitro, activated PSCs with wildtype PTEN showed less proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis compared with control PSCs, and greater numbers were apoptotic; activated PSCs with mutant PTEN showed similar, but weaker, effects. Furthermore, AKT and FAK/ERK signaling was involved in this process. In summary, activated PSCs during pancreatic fibrosis in vivo have lower levels of PTEN. In vitro, PTEN appears to prevent PSCs from further activation and promotes apoptosis through regulation of the AKT and FAK/ERK pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Tong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xinjuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanjun Jia
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Anti-fibrotic impact of Carvedilol in a CCl-4 model of liver fibrosis via serum microRNA-200a/SMAD7 enhancement to bridle TGF-β1/EMT track. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14327. [PMID: 30254303 PMCID: PMC6156520 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32309-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in modulating the prevalence of fibrosis and have been a target of the cardiac anti-fibrotic effect of Carvedilol. However, the impact of miRNAs on the hepatoprotective effect of this non-selective β-blocker has not been yet elucidated. Hence, the current goal is to evaluate the potential role of circulating miR-200a in the hepatic anti-fibrotic pathway of Carvedilol. Male Wistar rats were randomized into normal, CCl4 (2 ml/kg, i.p, twice weekly for 8 weeks), and CCl4 + Carvedilol (10 mg/kg, p.o, daily). Carvedilol over-expressed the circulating miR-200a to modulate epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (vimentin, E-Cadherin). In turn, Carvedilol increased SMAD7 gene expression and protein content to attenuate the pro-fibrogenic marker transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and the inflammatory markers (p-38 MAPK and p-S536-NF-κB p65). The anti-fibrotic potential was reflected on the decreased expression of the mesenchymal product and EMT marker α-SMA, besides the improved histopathological examination, and the fibrosis scores/collagen quantification to enhance liver functions (AST, ALT, ALP, and AST/platelet ratio index; APRI). In conclusion, circulating miR-200a/SMAD7/TGF-β1/EMT/MAPK axis is crucial in the hepatic anti-fibrotic mechanism of Carvedilol.
Collapse
|
27
|
Li L, Wang G, Hu JS, Zhang GQ, Chen HZ, Yuan Y, Li YL, Lv XJ, Tian FY, Pan SH, Bai XW, Sun B. RB1CC1-enhanced autophagy facilitates PSCs activation and pancreatic fibrogenesis in chronic pancreatitis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:952. [PMID: 30237496 PMCID: PMC6147947 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is described as a progressive fibro-inflammatory disorder of the exocrine disease, which eventually leads to damage of the gland. Excessive activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) is a critical participant in the initiation of CP. Autophagy is involved in multiple degeneration and inflammation in acute pancreatitis and CP. In our study, we report that retinoblastoma coiled coil protein 1 (RB1CC1) expression and the autophagic level are elevated in activated PSCs. RB1CC1 is positively correlated with pancreatic fibrogenesis in tissues and plasma of CP patients. Knockdown of RB1CC1 restrains alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen expressions, and autophagy in activated PSCs in vitro. Furthermore, we show that RB1CC1 induces PSC activation via binding to ULK1 promoter and the direct interaction with ULK1 protein. These suppress ULK1 expression and its kinase activity. In mice, knockdown of RB1CC1 blocks autophagy and then inhibits the pancreatic duct ligation-induced pancreatic fibrosis. Consequently, our study highlights that RB1CC1-mediated autophagy is a key event for the activation of PSCs. Inhibition of RB1CC1 alleviates autophagy, which plays a critical role in anti-fibrotic activation in PSCs and CP progression. RB1CC1 could be a novel strategy for the treatment of pancreatic fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ji-Sheng Hu
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guang-Quan Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hong-Ze Chen
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi-Long Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin-Jian Lv
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Feng-Yu Tian
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shang-Ha Pan
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatosplenic Surgery, Ministry of Education, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue-Wei Bai
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bei Sun
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Xue R, Jia K, Wang J, Yang L, Wang Y, Gao L, Hao J. A Rising Star in Pancreatic Diseases: Pancreatic Stellate Cells. Front Physiol 2018; 9:754. [PMID: 29967585 PMCID: PMC6015921 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cell (PSC) is a type of pluripotent cell located between pancreatic lobules and the surrounding area of acinars. When activated, PSC can be transformed into myofibroblast-like cell. A number of evidences suggest that activated PSC is the main source of the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein under the pathological conditions, which lead to pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Recent studies have found that PSC also plays an important role in the endocrine cell function, islet fibrosis and diabetes. In order to provide new strategies for the treatment of pancreatic diseases, this paper systematically summarizes the recent researches about the biological behaviors of PSC, including its stem/progenitor cell characteristics, secreted exosomes, cellular senescence, epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), energy metabolism and direct mechanical reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Functional Role of Non-Coding RNAs during Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4020014. [PMID: 29843425 PMCID: PMC6027143 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key biological process involved in a multitude of developmental and pathological events. It is characterized by the progressive loss of cell-to-cell contacts and actin cytoskeletal rearrangements, leading to filopodia formation and the progressive up-regulation of a mesenchymal gene expression pattern enabling cell migration. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is already observed in early embryonic stages such as gastrulation, when the epiblast undergoes an EMT process and therefore leads to the formation of the third embryonic layer, the mesoderm. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is pivotal in multiple embryonic processes, such as for example during cardiovascular system development, as valve primordia are formed and the cardiac jelly is progressively invaded by endocardium-derived mesenchyme or as the external cardiac cell layer is established, i.e., the epicardium and cells detached migrate into the embryonic myocardial to form the cardiac fibrous skeleton and the coronary vasculature. Strikingly, the most important biological event in which EMT is pivotal is cancer development and metastasis. Over the last years, understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks involved in EMT has greatly advanced. Several transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, Zeb1 and Zeb2 have been reported to play fundamental roles in EMT, leading in most cases to transcriptional repression of cell⁻cell interacting proteins such as ZO-1 and cadherins and activation of cytoskeletal markers such as vimentin. In recent years, a fundamental role for non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and more recently long non-coding RNAs, has been identified in normal tissue development and homeostasis as well as in several oncogenic processes. In this study, we will provide a state-of-the-art review of the functional roles of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs, in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in both developmental and pathological EMT.
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang L, Liu X, Liu J, Ma X, Zhou Z, Song Y, Cao B. miR-26a promoted endometrial epithelium cells (EECs) proliferation and induced stromal cells (ESCs) apoptosis via the PTEN-PI3K/AKT pathway in dairy goats. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:4688-4706. [PMID: 29115668 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Changes in endometrial cell morphology and function are absolutely necessary for successful embryo implantation. In this study, miR-26a was widely expressed in dairy goats, and was found to be regulated by β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in endometrial epithelium cells (EECs) as well as stromal cells (ESCs). Furthermore, miR-26a played a role in the regulation of cells proliferation and apoptosis by directly regulating PTEN and indirectly regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway in EECs but not in ESCs of dairy goats in vitro. In addition, miR-26a regulated the expression of osteopontin (OPN), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and prolactin (PRL) in endometrial cells. Therefore, we could get a conclusion that miR-26a had very complex and diverse functions in the endometrial cells during the development of endometrial receptivity in dairy goats. This study provided an efficient platform for studying the regulatory effect of miR-26a on endometrial cells during the development of endometrial receptivity in dairy goats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Junze Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xingna Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Zhanqin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang D, Wang W, Liang Q, He X, Xia Y, Shen S, Wang H, Gao Q, Wang Y. DHEA-induced ovarian hyperfibrosis is mediated by TGF-β signaling pathway. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:6. [PMID: 29321035 PMCID: PMC5763573 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder with pathological mechanisms remain unclear. The following study investigates the ovarian hyperfibrosis forming via transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway in Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)- induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model. We furthermore explored whether TGF-βRI inhibitor (SB431542) decreases ovarian fibrosis by counterbalancing the expression of fibrotic biomarkers. Methods Thirty female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Blank group (n = 6), Oil group (n = 6), and Oil + DHEA-induced model group (n = 6 + 12). The model groups were established by subcutaneous injection of DHEA for 35 consecutive days. The 12 successful model rats were additionally divided in vehicle group (n = 6) and SB431542-treated group (n = 6). Vehicle group and SB431542-treated group, served as administration group and were intraperitoneally injected with DMSO and SB431542 for additional 14 consecutive days. Ovarian morphology, fibrin and collagen localization and expression in ovaries were detected using H&E staining, immunohistochemistry and Sirius red staining. The ovarian protein and RNA were examined using Western blot and RT-PCR. Results In DHEA-induced ovary in rat, fibrin and collagen had significantly higher levels, while the main fibrosis markers (TGF-β, CTGF, fibronectin, a-SMA) were obviously upregulated. SB431542 significantly reduced the expression of pro-fibrotic molecules (TGF-β, Smad3, Smad2, a-SMA) and increased anti-fibrotic factor MMP2. Conclusion TGF-βRI inhibitor (SB431542) inhibits the downstream signaling molecules of TGF-β and upregulates MMP2, which in turn prevent collagen deposition. Moreover, ovarian hyperfibrosis in DHEA-induced PCOS rat model could be improved by TGF-βRI inhibitor (SB431542) restraining the transcription of accelerating fibrosis genes and modulating EMT mediator. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13048-017-0375-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Wenqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yanjie Xia
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shanmei Shen
- Divisions of Endocrinology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Qian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytacal Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
| |
Collapse
|