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Desmet M, Fillon A, Thivel D, Tanghe A, Braet C. Attrition rate and predictors of a monitoring mHealth application in adolescents with obesity. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13071. [PMID: 37680003 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrating mobile health (mHealth) into paediatric obesity treatment can provide opportunities for more personalized and lifetime treatment. However, high attrition rates pose a significant challenge. The current study attempts to better understand attrition by exploring (1) attrition rates of a monitoring mHealth application for usage over 14 days and (2) testing predictors of attrition in adolescents with obesity. METHODS Participants were 69 adolescents between 12 and 16 years old who engaged in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment centre (either outpatient or inpatient) in two countries (Belgium and France). To assess the attrition rates, frequency distributions were used. To test the predictors of attrition, zero-inflated negative binomial regression was performed. RESULTS Attrition rates were high, in the outpatient group, more than half of the participants (53.3%) used the app for only 0-7 days. In the inpatient group, this percentage was 24.1%. Only deficits in initiating (a component of executive functions) were a negative predictor of attrition, indicating that deficits in initiating lead to lower attrition rates. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for high attrition rates in mHealth interventions for adolescents with obesity and was the first to investigate psychological predictors of attrition to an mHealth monitoring tool in adolescents with obesity in treatment. Findings regarding predictors of attrition should be approached with caution due to the small sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurane Desmet
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary behaviors (ONAPS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), EA 3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary behaviors (ONAPS), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Caroline Braet
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Maghsoodlo M, Shakibazadeh E, Barzin M, Salimi Y, Mokhtari Z, Yaseri M. Covariates of a healthy diet and physical activity self-management one year after Bariatric surgery: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287137. [PMID: 37851605 PMCID: PMC10584161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy diet and physical activity self-management is important in maintaining weight loss and preventing weight regain after bariatric surgery. We aimed at evaluating covariates of healthy diet and physical activity self-management among patients undergone bariatric surgery using Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model. METHOD In this cross-sectional study, 272 patients with a history of bariatric surgery were selected from the data registry of Tehran Obesity Treatment Study (TOTS). Data were collected using bariatric surgery self-management standard questionnaire (BSSQ), and items based on HAPA model for healthy diet and physical activity self-management. Data were analyzed using Path analysis and AMOS version 24. RESULTS The mean score of self-management was (32 ± 10SD). Coping planning construct (β = 0.22; p<0.001) and risk perception (β = 0.02; p<0.01) in dietary self-management and action planning (β = 0.16; p = 0.001) and risk perception (β = 0.001; p = 0.17) in physical activity self-management had the highest and lowest effect powers, respectively. Coping planning (β = 0.22; p<0.001) and action planning (β = 0.17; p<0.03) in diet, and action planning (β = 0.16; p = 0.010) in physical activity were significantly related to self-management. Also, task-coping self-efficacy (β = 0.28; and p<0.001), outcome expectancies (β = 0.37; p<0.001), risk perception (β = 0.13; p = 0.015) in diet and coping self-efficacy (β = 0.50; p<0.001), outcome expectancies (β = 0.12; p = 0.021) in physical activity were significantly related to behavioral intention. The values of CFI = 0.939 and RMSEA = 0.052 for diet and CFI = 0.948 and RMSEA = 0.048 for physical activity indicated adequate fit. CONCLUSION HAPA was applicable as a framework for interventions promoting healthy diet and physical activity self-management in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Maghsoodlo
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Shakibazadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Barzin
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Martinelli V, Singh S, Politi P, Caccialanza R, Peri A, Pietrabissa A, Chiappedi M. Ethics of Bariatric Surgery in Adolescence and Its Implications for Clinical Practice. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1232. [PMID: 36673981 PMCID: PMC9859476 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is increasingly prevalent among adolescents. Clinical and research data support the use of bariatric surgery (BS) as a treatment option for severely obese adolescents, with good results in terms of weight loss, improvement or resolution of comorbidities, and compliance to follow up. Nevertheless, concerns still remain, with significant disparities among countries and ethical concerns mainly raised by performing an irreversible and invasive procedure in adolescence, with potential life-long alterations. In this context, the purpose of this narrative review was to discuss the main current ethical challenges in performing BS in adolescence and to inform appropriate clinical management in the field. The core ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice were revised in terms of patient-centered healthcare through the lens of psychosocial implications. The review concludes with a discussion regarding the potential directives for future research for effective, patient-centered, and ethical management of obesity in the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Martinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Simran Singh
- Medway Hospital, Windmill Rd, Gillingham ME7 5NY, UK
| | - Pierluigi Politi
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Caccialanza
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Unit, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Peri
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pietrabissa
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiappedi
- Vigevano Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, ASST Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Hoffmann K, Kopciuch D, Michalak M, Bryl W, Kus K, Marzec K, Raakow J, Pross M, Berghaus R, Nowakowska E, Kostrzewska M, Zaprutko T, Ratajczak P, Paczkowska A. Adherence of Obese Patients from Poland and Germany and Its Impact on the Effectiveness of Morbid Obesity Treatment. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36145256 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate and compare the adherence of patients treated for morbid obesity living in Poland and Germany. Methods: A cross-sectional international multicenter survey design was adopted. The study involved 564 adult subjects treated for morbid obesity at selected healthcare facilities in Germany (210 participants) and Poland (354 participants). A validated, custom-made questionnaire based on the literature related to this issue was used. Results: The degree of adherence was higher, but not statistically significant, among Polish patients (83.82% vs. 78.33%, p = 0.26140). Patient adherence was associated with gender, age, level of education, duration of obesity, number of health professionals involved in obesity treatment, and type of obesity treatment (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed in the case of age, level of education, and a growing number of health professionals involved in obesity treatment, whereas a negative correlation was observed in the case of the duration of obesity. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery significantly more often followed medical recommendations regarding lifestyle changes, compared to obese participants treated only conservatively. Adherence in the field of obesity treatment significantly increases the percentage of total weight loss and excess weight loss due to applied obesity treatment among both Polish and German groups (p < 0.001). Both the percentage of total weight loss and that of excess weight loss were significantly higher in the group of adherent patients compared to the nonadherent patients (p < 0.00001). The levels of perceived anxiety, stress, and depression were significantly higher in nonadherent patients in both countries. Conclusions: These findings confirm the role of adherence in the effective and satisfactory treatment of morbid obesity. There is a great need to improve patient adherence to overcome the consequences of the obesity pandemic.
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Zhu H, Zhao K, Ren Z, Hua H, Zhang T, Ding L, Jiang X, Yang N, Liang H, Zhu S, Xu Q. Determinants of Dietary Adherence Among Chinese Patients After Bariatric Surgery Based on the Attitude-Social Influence-Efficacy Model. Obes Surg 2022; 32:3064-3073. [PMID: 35857183 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore main determinants of dietary adherence among Chinese patients after bariatric surgery based on the Attitude-Social influence-Efficacy (ASE) model. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted by using convenience sampling method to select 288 participants in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu, China. General information and disease-related information were collected as well as applying the Dietary Adherence Scale after Bariatric Surgery (DASBS) and Attitude-Social influence-Efficacy Questionnaire after Bariatric Surgery (ASEQBS). Univariate analysis, correlation analysis, and multivariate analysis were used to identify determinants of dietary adherence among patients after bariatric surgery. RESULTS A total of 288 questionnaires were effectively collected. The mean DASBS score was 54.90 ± 10.08 among post-bariatric patients. Univariate analysis results showed that education level, time since surgery, smoking, exercise, participation in peer support groups, and participation in nutrition counseling had significant effects on postoperative diet adherence level of patients (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis results showed that the total score of dietary adherence was positively correlated with the total score of intention, attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy, and the correlation coefficients were 0.511, 0.550, 0.460, and 0.484, respectively (P < 0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that time since surgery, attitude, intention, social influence, exercise, and self-efficacy entered the regression equation (P < 0.05). The standardized regression coefficients of attitude and intention are 0.237 and 0.196, respectively. The regression model could explain 44.0% of the total variation. CONCLUSION The dietary adherence of Chinese post-bariatric patients is at an upper-middle level, which needs to be further improved. Time since surgery, exercise, intention, attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy had significant effects on patients' dietary adherence. Attitude had the greatest effect on dietary adherence, followed by intention. The results shed light on that these factors should be emphasized to take personalized intervention strategy in designing dietary intervention program, in order to improve the patient's dietary adherence and surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Zhu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Zhao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi Ren
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongxia Hua
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tianzi Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu College of Nursing, Huai'an, 223000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingyu Ding
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoman Jiang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ningli Yang
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuqin Zhu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Zino L, Kingma JS, Marzolini C, Richel O, Burger DM, Colbers A. Implications of Bariatric Surgery on the Pharmacokinetics of Antiretrovirals in People Living with HIV. Clin Pharmacokinet 2022. [PMID: 35404470 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-022-01120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is increasingly applied among people living with HIV to reduce obesity and the associated morbidity and mortality. In people living with HIV, sufficient antiretroviral exposure and activity should always be maintained to prevent development of resistance and disease progression. However, bariatric surgery procedures bring various gastrointestinal modifications including changes in gastric volume, and acidity, gastrointestinal emptying time, enterohepatic circulation and delayed entry of bile acids. These alterations may affect many aspects of antiretroviral pharmacokinetics. Some drug characteristics may result in subtherapeutic exposure and the potential related risk of treatment failure and resistance. Antiretrovirals that require low pH, administration of fatty meals, longer intestinal exposure, and an enterohepatic recirculation for their absorption may be most impacted by bariatric surgery procedures. Additionally, some antiretrovirals can interact with the polyvalent cations in supplements or drugs inhibiting gastric acid, thereby preventing their use as these comedications are commonly prescribed post-bariatric surgery. Predicting pharmacokinetics on the basis of drug characteristics solely proved to be challenging, therefore pharmacokinetic studies remain crucial in this population. Here, we discuss general implications of bariatric surgery on antiretroviral outcomes in people living with HIV as well as drug properties that are relevant for the choice of antiretroviral treatment in this special patient population. Additionally, we summarise studies that evaluated the pharmacokinetics of antiretrovirals post-bariatric surgery. Finally, we performed a comprehensive analysis of theoretical considerations and published pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data to provide recommendations on antiretrovirals for people living with HIV undergoing bariatric surgery.
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Hecht LM, Martens KM, Pester BD, Hamann A, Carlin AM, Miller-Matero LR. Adherence to Medical Appointments Among Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Do Health Literacy, Health Numeracy, and Cognitive Functioning Play a Role? Obes Surg 2022. [PMID: 35061155 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-05905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Reiber BMM, Leemeyer AMR, Bremer MJM, de Brauw M, Bruin SC. Weight Loss Results and Compliance with Follow-up after Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2021; 31:3606-3614. [PMID: 33963975 PMCID: PMC8270808 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The importance of follow-up (FU) for midterm weight loss (WL) after bariatric surgery is controversial. Compliance to this FU remains challenging. Several risk factors for loss to FU (LtFU) have been mentioned. The aim was therefore to evaluate the association between WL and LtFU 3 to 5 years postoperatively and to identify risk factors for LtFU. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-center cross-sectional study in the Netherlands. Between June and October 2018, patients scheduled for a 3-, 4-, or 5-year FU appointment were included into two groups: compliant (to their scheduled appointment and overall maximally 1 missed appointment) and non-compliant (missed the scheduled appointment and at least 1 overall). Baseline, surgical, and FU characteristics were collected and a questionnaire concerning socio-economic factors. RESULTS In total, 217 patients in the compliant group and 181 in the non-compliant group were included with a median body mass index at baseline of 42.0 and 42.9 respectively. Eighty-eight percent underwent a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The median percentage total weight loss for the compliant and non-compliant groups was 30.7% versus 28.9% at 3, 29.3% versus 30.2% at 4, and 29.6% versus 29.9% at 5 years respectively, all p>0.05. Age, persistent comorbidities and vitamin deficiencies, a yearly salary <20,000 euro, no health insurance coverage, and not understanding the importance of FU were risk factors for LtFU. CONCLUSION Three to 5 years postoperatively, there is no association between LtFU and WL. The compliant group demonstrated more comorbidities and vitamin deficiencies. Younger age, not understanding the importance of FU, and financial challenges were risk factors for LtFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata M M Reiber
- Department of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anna-Marie R Leemeyer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maurits de Brauw
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd C Bruin
- Department of Bariatric Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
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Stefanidis D. Comment on: Early postoperative follow-up reduces risk of late severe nutritional complications after Roux-En-Y gastric bypass: a population-based study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1750-1751. [PMID: 34362675 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Stefanidis
- Department of Surgery, Section of Bariatric and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Bianciardi E, Imperatori C, Innamorati M, Fabbricatore M, Monacelli AM, Pelle M, Siracusano A, Niolu C, Gentileschi P. Measuring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Barriers to Medication Adherence in Potential Bariatric Surgery Patients. Obes Surg 2021; 31:4045-54. [PMID: 34212345 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for the obesity epidemic, but the poor attendance and adherence rates of post-surgery recommendations threaten treatment effectiveness and health outcomes. Preoperatively, we investigated the unique contributions of clinical (e.g., medical and psychiatric comorbidities), sociodemographic (e.g., sex, age, and educational level), and psychopathological variables (e.g., binge eating severity, the general level of psychopathological distress, and alexithymia traits) on differing dimensions of adherence in a group of patients seeking bariatric surgery. Methods The final sample consisted of 501 patients (346 women). All participants underwent a full psychiatric interview. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess psychopathology, binge eating severity, alexithymia, and three aspects of adherence: knowledge, attitude, and barriers to medical recommendations. Results Attitude to adherence was associated with alexithymia (β = ˗2.228; p < 0.001) and binge eating disorder (β = 0.103; p = 0.047). The knowledge subscale was related to medical comorbidity (β = 0.113; p = 0.012) and alexithymia (β = −2.256; p < 0.001); with age (β = 0.161; p = 0.002) and psychiatric comorbidity (β =0.107; p = 0.021) manifesting in the barrier subscale. Conclusion We demonstrated that alexithymia and psychiatric and eating disorders impaired adherence reducing attitude and knowledge of treatment and increasing the barriers. Both patient and doctor can benefit from measuring adherence prior to surgery, with a qualitative approach shedding light on the status of adherence prior to the postsurgical phase when the damage regarding adherence is, already, done. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Bianciardi E, Raimondi G, Samela T, Innamorati M, Contini LM, Procenesi L, Fabbricatore M, Imperatori C, Gentileschi P. Neurocognitive and Psychopathological Predictors of Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:662252. [PMID: 34025579 PMCID: PMC8131828 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.662252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty to thirty percent of patients experience weight regain at mid and long-term follow-up. Impaired cognitive functions are prevalent in people suffering from obesity and in those with binge eating disorder, thereby, affecting the weight-loss outcomes. The aim of our study was to investigate neurocognitive and psychopathological predictors of surgical efficacy in terms of percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) at follow-up intervals of one year and 4-year. Psychosocial evaluation was completed in a sample of 78 bariatric surgery candidates and included psychometric instruments and a cognitive battery of neuropsychological tests. A schedule of 1-year and 4-year follow-ups was implemented. Wisconsin Sorting Card Test total correct responses, scores on the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test, and age predicted %EWL at, both, early and long-term periods after surgery while the severity of pre-operative binge eating (BED) symptoms were associated with lower %EWL only four years after the operation. Due to the role of pre-operative BED in weight loss maintenance, the affected patients are at risk of suboptimal response requiring ongoing clinical monitoring, and psychological and pharmacological interventions when needed. As a result of our findings and in keeping with the latest guidelines we encourage neuropsychological assessment of bariatric surgery candidates. This data substantiated the rationale of providing rehabilitative interventions tailored to cognitive domains and time specific to the goal of supporting patients in their post-surgical course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Bianciardi
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Emanuela Bianciardi,
| | - Giulia Raimondi
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tonia Samela
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Maria Contini
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Procenesi
- Psychiatric Chair, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Fabbricatore
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Cognitive and Clinical Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Science, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Gentileschi
- Obesity Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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Gradaschi R, Molinari V, Sukkar SG, De Negri P, Adami GF, Camerini G. Disordered eating and weight loss after bariatric surgery. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1191-1196. [PMID: 31302883 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES Aberrant eating patterns are frequently observed in bariatric patients. Since bariatric operations produce alterations in food transit and in appetite/satiety balance, postoperative eating behavior changes are not surprising. METHODS 88 consecutive obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP, 50 cases) and Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG, 38 cases) were retrospectively evaluated. Beside anthropometric data measurement, eating behavior was assessed by direct interview prior to the operation and at the first and second postoperative years: patients were considered as eating disordered (ED) when referred habitual occurrence of binge eating and nibbling/grazing. Weight loss was assessed by percent of BMI loss (% Δ BMI). Together with standard follow-up, patients received additional behavioral/dietetic support upon request. RESULTS Postoperative ED patients showed lower % Δ BMI than the not ED ones at one (30.7% ± 8,5 vs. 26.8% ± 10, p < 0.02) and two (32% ± 10.3 vs. 27.4% ± 12.9, p < 0.05) years after operation, the follow-up rate being 82% and 76%, respectively, without differences between RYGBP and SG group. After RYGBP, an improvement of eating behavior was observed (ED patients from 75 to 28% at 1 year and to 27% at 2 years), while no changes were observed after SG. In SG patients, the number of additional behavioral/dietetic support sessions throughout the follow-up was positively associated with % Δ BMI. DISCUSSION The postoperative normalization of eating pattern has a role in weight loss after bariatric surgery. Behavioral/dietetic support is indicated in all SG patient, while after RYGBP is useful only when weight loss is unsatisfactory. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III: retrospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Gradaschi
- Nutritional Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Virginia Molinari
- Nutritional Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Samir Giuseppe Sukkar
- Nutritional Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola De Negri
- Nutritional Unit, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Gian Franco Adami
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 8, Genova, 16132, Italy.
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Moore JM, Glover JJ, Jackson BM, Coughlin CR, Kelsey MM, Inge TH, Boles RE. Development and application of an ethical framework for pediatric metabolic and bariatric surgery evaluation. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 17:425-433. [PMID: 33191162 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As severe obesity continues to rise among youth, metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) will increasingly be used as a treatment of choice for durable weight loss and improvement of obesity-related complications. MBS for youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and for preadolescents has raised ethical questions. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this article is to present the creation and application of an ethical framework that supports why MBS should be considered in pediatrics based on the principle of justice without automatic exclusions. This framework also provides a guide for how to conduct a robust, ethically grounded evaluation of pediatric patients presenting for MBS in general, and among subpopulations including youth with IDD and preadolescents. SETTING Academic medical center, United States. METHODS An ethical framework was developed and applied through a collaboration between an MBS center at a children's hospital and the institution's ethics consult service. RESULTS Application of the ethical framework to address 4 core ethical questions is illustrated using 2 hypothetical cases: 1 that highlights an adolescent with IDD and 1 that highlights a preadolescent. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated the application of a novel, overarching framework to conduct the ethical evaluation of youth presenting for MBS. This framework resulted from a collaboration between MBS and ethics consult teams and has the potential to be used as a prototype for other youth-focused MBS programs. Next steps include prospective data collection to test the framework and determine its validity in the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime M Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Jacqueline J Glover
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Brian M Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Megan M Kelsey
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Richard E Boles
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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Vermeer KJ, Monpellier VM, Cahn W, Janssen IMC. Bariatric surgery in patients with psychiatric comorbidity: Significant weight loss and improvement of physical quality of life. Clin Obes 2020; 10:e12373. [PMID: 32424972 PMCID: PMC9285938 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients that have psychiatric comorbidity are thought to lose less weight than the general bariatric population and are therefore sometimes denied surgery. However, there is no scientific evidence for this assumption. The aim of this study is to evaluate the weight loss and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with psychiatric disorders who undergo bariatric surgery and compare these patients with a general bariatric population. METHOD Patients who underwent bariatric surgery in 2015 were included. Patients who received individual counselling and had a current DSM IV axis 1 or 2 diagnosis were included in the psychiatric group (n = 163), all other patients in the generic group (n = 2362).Weight and HRQoL were assessed before and 12-, 24-, 36- and 48-months after surgery. Data was analysed using regression analyses. RESULTS The maximum total weight loss (TWL) was 27.4% in the psychiatric group vs 31.0% in the generic group. Difference in %TWL between the psychiatric and generic group was significant from baseline to all follow-up moments (P < .001). Improvement of PHS was significantly higher in the generic group from baseline to 12-month (P = .002), 24-month (P = .0018), 36-month (P = .025) and 48-monthfollow-up (P = .003). Change in mental HRQoL was only different comparing baseline to 48-monthfollow-up (P = .014). CONCLUSION Although weight loss and change in physical HRQoL was lower in patients with pre-operative psychiatric disorders, results of this group were still excellent. Thus, patients with psychiatric diagnoses benefit greatly from bariatric surgery and these patients should not be denied weight loss surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn J. Vermeer
- Nederlandse Obesitas KliniekHuis ter HeideThe Netherlands
- Faculty of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Wiepke Cahn
- Faculty of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Ignace M. C. Janssen
- Nederlandse Obesitas KliniekHuis ter HeideThe Netherlands
- Nederlandse Obesitas Kliniek WestDen HaagThe Netherlands
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15
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Heinberg LJ, Bond DS, Carroll I, Crosby R, Fodor A, Fouladi F, Gunstad J, Mitchell J, Peat C, Steffen K. Identifying mechanisms that predict weight trajectory after bariatric surgery: rationale and design of the biobehavioral trial. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:1816-26. [PMID: 32768295 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is currently the most efficacious and durable intervention for severe obesity. The most commonly performed procedures in the United States are the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the sleeve gastrectomy, which involve significant anatomic and physiologic alterations that lead to changes in behavior and biology. Unfortunately, many patients experience suboptimal weight loss and/or substantial weight regain. Eating and physical activity/sedentary behaviors, mood, cognition, and the gut microbiome all change postoperatively and have an association with weight change. The longitudinal relationship between changes in the gut microbiome and postoperative weight trajectory has not been explored thoroughly, and the interactive associations among the gut microbiome and the other variables that impact weight have been similarly understudied. The following is a methods and design description for a prospective, 24-month longitudinal study of 144 bariatric surgery patients, at 2 sites, that aimed to identify predictors of weight loss trajectories over 24 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and the sleeve gastrectomy. Specifically, the study will examine the relationships between empirically supported behavioral and biological variables and their combined impact on postoperative weight trajectories. Novel data collection will include intensive measurement of problematic eating behaviors and diet and physical activity postoperatively, which may be altered in parallel with, or in response to, changes observed in the gut microbiota. Identifying postoperative predictors of weight loss and co-morbidity resolution should inform development of novel interventions that are tailored to individual patients' risk profiles to optimize and sustain more favorable weight trajectories.
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Corbeels K, Verlinden L, Lannoo M, Khalil R, Deleus E, Mertens A, Matthys C, Verstuyf A, Meulemans A, Vangoitsenhoven R, Carmeliet G, Van der Schueren B. The curious fate of bone following bariatric surgery: bone effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:2165-2176. [PMID: 32546862 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0626-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone loss and increased fracture risk following bariatric surgery has been reported. We investigated whether the two most commonly performed surgeries, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), lead to bone loss. In addition, we examined whether fortification of the diet with calcium citrate prevents bone loss. METHODS We used mouse models for SG and RYGB and compared bone loss with a group of sham mice with similar weight loss. All groups were switched at the time of surgery to a low-fat diet (LFD). We also examined whether fortification of the diet with calcium citrate and vitamin D was able to prevent bone loss. RESULTS At 2 weeks we observed no major bone effects. However, at 8 weeks, both trabecular and cortical bone were lost to the same extent after SG and RYGB, despite increased calcium absorption and adequate serum levels of calcium, vitamin D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Diet fortification with calcium citrate and vitamin D was able to partially prevent bone loss. CONCLUSIONS Both SG and RYGB lead to excess bone loss, despite intestinal adaptations to increase calcium absorption. Fortifying the diet with calcium citrate and vitamin D partly prevented the observed bone loss. This finding emphasizes the importance of nutritional support strategies after bariatric surgery, but also affirms that the exact mechanisms leading to bone loss after bariatric surgery remain elusive and thus warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Corbeels
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Lieve Verlinden
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matthias Lannoo
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rougin Khalil
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Deleus
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Mertens
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Matthys
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Verstuyf
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Meulemans
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roman Vangoitsenhoven
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van der Schueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Conceição EM, Fernandes M, de Lourdes M, Pinto-Bastos A, Vaz AR, Ramalho S. Perceived social support before and after bariatric surgery: association with depression, problematic eating behaviors, and weight outcomes. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:679-692. [PMID: 30859467 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-019-00671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Engaging in a healthy lifestyle after bariatric surgery is essential to optimize and sustain weight loss in the long term. There is promising evidence that social support of patients who undergo bariatric surgery plays an important role in promoting a better quality of life and adherence to the required behavioral changes and medical appointments. This study sought to investigate: (a) if post-operative patients experience different levels of perceived social support compared to pre-operative patients; (b) correlations between perceived social support, depression, disordered eating, and weight outcomes; (c) if social support is a moderator between psychological distress, and disordered eating behavior and weight outcomes. METHODS A group of 65 patients assessed pre-surgery and another group of 65 patients assessed post-surgery (M = 26.12; SD 7.97 months since surgery) responded to a set of self-report measures assessing social support, eating disorder psychopathology, disordered eating, and depression. RESULTS Greater social support was associated with lower depression, emotional eating, weight and shape concerns, and greater weight loss in pre- and post-surgery groups. Social support was found to be a moderator between different psychological/weight variables but only for the post-surgery group: the relation between depression and eating disorder psychopathology or weight loss was significant for patients scoring medium to high level is social support; the relation between grazing and weight regain was significant for patients scoring medium to low levels of social support. CONCLUSIONS The associations found between perceived social support and depression, disordered eating and weight outcomes highlight the importance of considering and working with the social support network of patients undergoing bariatric surgery to optimize treatment outcomes. Level of Evidence Level III: case-control study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Conceição
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Marta Fernandes
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta de Lourdes
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Pinto-Bastos
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana R Vaz
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sofia Ramalho
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4010-057, Braga, Portugal
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Güven B, Akyolcu N. Effects of Nurse-Led Education on Quality of Life and Weight Loss in Patients Undergoing Bariatric Surgery. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2019.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Betül Güven
- School of Nursing, Koç University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Neriman Akyolcu
- Faculty of Health Science, Istinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Hawkins M, Ciciolla L, Colaizzi J, Keirns N, Smith C, Stout M, Addante S, Armans M, Erato G. Adverse childhood experiences and cognitive function among adults with excess adiposity. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:47-56. [PMID: 32128242 PMCID: PMC7042117 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and obesity are independently associated with brain/neurocognitive health. Despite a growing emphasis on the importance of early life adversity on health, the relationship between ACEs and neurocognition in adults with overweight/obesity is unclear. The objective was to examine associations between self-reported ACEs and measured neurocognitive domains in a sample of adults with overweight/obesity. METHODS Participants were 95 predominantly white, highly educated adult women (76% female, 81% Caucasian, and 75% ≥ bachelor's degree) with excess adiposity enrolled in the Cognitive and Self-regulatory Mechanisms of Obesity Study. ACEs and fluid/crystallized neurocognitive domains were measured at baseline using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale and the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery and Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metric, respectively. RESULTS Higher ACEs scores were negatively correlated with fluid cognition (r = -.34, P < .001) but not crystallized cognition (r = .01, ns). Individuals with 3 and 4+ ACEs displayed significantly lower fluid cognition scores than those with fewer ACEs F 4,89 = 3.24, P < .05. After accounting for body mass index (BMI), age, sex, race, and education, higher ACEs scores were still associated with poorer performance on overall fluid cognition (β = -.36, P < .01), along with the following subtests: Stroop Colour/Word test (β = -.23, P < .05), Go/No-Go omissions (β = .29, P < .01), and Picture Sequence Memory task (β = -.30, P < .01). CONCLUSIONS The role of ACEs in health may be related to their associations with executive function and episodic neurocognitive domains essential to cognitive processing and self-regulation. Obesity science should further examine the role of ACEs and neurocognition in obesity prevention, prognosis, and treatment using more rigorous, prospective designs and more diverse samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misty Hawkins
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Lucia Ciciolla
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | | | - Natalie Keirns
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Caitlin Smith
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Madison Stout
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Samantha Addante
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Mira Armans
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
| | - Gina Erato
- Department of PsychologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahoma
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bariatric surgery is a durable and long-term solution to treat both obesity and its associated comorbidities, specifically type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Many studies have demonstrated the benefits of bariatric surgery on T2DM, but weight recidivism along with recurrence of comorbidities can be seen following these procedures. Patient compliance post-bariatric surgery is linked to weight loss outcomes and comorbidity improvement/resolution. The role of compliance with respect to T2DM medication in bariatric patients specifically has not recently been examined. This article seeks to review the role of bariatric surgery on short- and long-term resolution of T2DM, recurrence, and compliance with T2DM medication following bariatric surgery. RECENT FINDINGS Seven randomized control trials have examined metabolic surgery versus medical therapy in glycemic control in patients meeting criteria for severe obesity. Six out of seven studies demonstrate a significant advantage in the surgical arms with regards to glycemic control, as well as secondary endpoints such as weight loss, serum lipid levels, blood pressure, renal function, and other parameters. While patient compliance with lifestyle modifications post-bariatric surgery is linked to weight loss outcomes, there are no studies to date that directly evaluate the role of lifestyle modifications and T2DM medication adherence in the management of T2DM post-bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment option to achieve long-term weight loss and resolution of obesity-related medical comorbidities, specifically T2DM. Patient compliance to lifestyle modifications post-bariatric surgery is linked to weight loss outcomes and comorbidity resolution. The role of diabetic care compliance in bariatric patient outcomes, however, is poorly understood. Further studies are needed to elucidate the predictors and associated risk factors for non-compliance in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope T Jackson
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Chika Anekwe
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Internal Medicine-Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Weight Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julietta Chang
- Weight Loss Surgical Institute of Central Coast, Marian Regional Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Ivy N Haskins
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fatima Cody Stanford
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Weight Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Internal Medicine-Neuroendocrine Unit and Pediatrics Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Williamson TM, Campbell TS, Telfer JA, Rash JA. Emotion Self-Regulation Moderates the Association Between Symptoms of ADHD and Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2018; 28:1553-61. [PMID: 29178023 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-3037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the combined effect of pre-surgical emotion self-regulation (ESR) and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (sADHD, i.e., inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity) on weight loss 12 months following bariatric surgery independent of psychological distress and eating pathology. METHODS Adults with obesity were recruited from a bariatric surgery specialty clinic in Canada. Patients completed measures of psychological distress (i.e., Beck Depression Inventory II and Beck Anxiety Inventory), eating pathology (i.e., Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire), ESR (i.e., "Managing Own Emotions" subscale of the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Test), and sADHD (i.e., Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale) prior to surgery. Measures of height and weight were obtained and used to calculate percent excess weight loss (%EWL) of body mass index (BMI) pre- and 12 months post-surgery. RESULTS Thirty-seven patients were recruited. The final sample consisted of 30 patients (80% female; mean age = 48 years; mean BMI = 49.32). Patients experienced significant weight loss and reported significant improvement in anxiety, depressed mood, and eating pathology from pre- to 12 months post-surgery. A significant sADHD by ESR interaction on %EWL (F(1, 21) = 6.43, p = .019) was observed and accounted for 13% of unique variance after adjusting for relevant covariates. Probing the interaction with the Johnson-Neyman technique indicated that there was a significant inverse association between sADHD and %EWL among individuals who scored ≤ 0.15 SD below the mean on ESR. CONCLUSIONS ESR moderated the association between sADHD and %EWL, suggesting that sADHD may attenuate weight loss following bariatric surgery among individuals deficient in ESR. This finding has implications for bariatric surgery pre-surgical psychological assessment.
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Gradaschi R, Molinari V, Sukkar SG, De Negri P, Adami GF, Camerini G. Effects of the Postoepartive Dietetic/Behavioral Counseling on the Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2019; 30:244-248. [PMID: 31444774 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight outcomes after bariatric surgery are due to an adequate adjustment of eating behavior to the new gastrointestinal conditions created by operation. The efficacy of dietary/behavior counseling for promoting weight loss and maintenance in a growing number of bariatric patients was investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred seventy-six non-diabetic obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were investigated. The first group (CO, 88 subjects, 16 male) attended a standard surgical follow-up, while in the second (DIET, 88 subjects, 15 male) the surgeon was supported by a dietitian, and patients received behavioral-dietary sessions on individual request. Data prior to the operation and at 2 years were considered, the weight outcome being regarded as successful when postoperative body mass index (BMI) value was lower than 30 kg/m2. RESULTS Weight results were better (p < 0.01) in the RYGBP than in the SG patients. In comparison to CO, in the DIET group a greater adherence to the bariatric program was observed (76% vs. 41%, < 0.01), while body weight data and prevalence of successful cases at 2 years (87 ± 23 vs. 83 ± 16 kg and 27% vs.33%, respectively) were similar. CONCLUSIONS After RYSG and SG, postoperative dietetic/behavioral sessions delivered on patient's request does not influence weight results. The dietetic intervention promotes the adherence to bariatric program and prevents postoperative follow-up loss. In a dietitian/behavioral strategy after RYGBP and SG, a cognitive reinforcement of the compliance to bariatric program and a strengthening of the motivation to changes could promote better weight results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gian Franco Adami
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genova, Largo Benzi 8, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
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Gill H, Kang S, Lee Y, Rosenblat JD, Brietzke E, Zuckerman H, McIntyre RS. The long-term effect of bariatric surgery on depression and anxiety. J Affect Disord 2019; 246:886-894. [PMID: 30795495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous review has comprehensively assessed long-term changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms in bariatric surgery patients. This systematic review assessed the effects of bariatric surgery on long-term reductions (≥ 24 months) in anxiety and depressive symptom severity in morbidly obese (≥ 35 BMI kg/m2) participants. Short term effects (< 24 months) are briefly reviewed for context. METHODS PsychINFO, Google Scholar and PubMed databases were systematically searched for prospective cohort studies published from inception to 14 June 2018 that evaluated long-term (≥ 24 months) changes in anxiety and depressive symptom severity in bariatric surgery patients with a BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2 using a combination of the following search terms: bariatric surgery (and surgical approaches included under this term), obesity, depression, depressive disorder, anxiety, anxious, psychiatric disorders, mood disorders. RESULTS We reviewed 2058 articles for eligibility; 14 prospective studies were included in the systematic review. 13 studies (93%) reported significant reductions in depressive symptom severity 2-3 years after bariatric surgery. However, all studies recorded statistically significant reductions in depressive symptoms at the conclusion of the study. Similarly, there were reductions in overall anxiety symptom severity at ≥ 24 months follow-up (k = 8 studies, n = 1590 pooled). Pre-operative anxiety or depression scores did not predict outcomes of post-operative BMI. Similarly, post-surgery weight loss did not predict changes in anxiety symptoms. LIMITATIONS Very few studies assessed anxiety or depression as a primary outcome. Therefore, we cannot suggest bariatric surgery as a stand-alone therapeutic tool for anxiety and depression based on our findings. CONCLUSION Currently available evidence suggests that bariatric surgery is associated with long-term reductions in anxiety and depressive symptoms. This supports existing literature showing that metabolic treatments may be a viable therapeutic intervention for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartej Gill
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Simratdeep Kang
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hannah Zuckerman
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Walø-Syversen G, Kvalem IL, Kristinsson J, Eribe IL, Rø Ø, Dahlgren CL. Executive Function, Eating Behavior, and Preoperative Weight Loss in Bariatric Surgery Candidates: An Observational Study. Obes Facts 2019; 12:489-501. [PMID: 31505516 PMCID: PMC6876589 DOI: 10.1159/000502118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individual differences in executive function may influence eating behavior, weight loss (WL), and WL maintenance in obesity treatment. Executive function, which designates top-down cognitive control processes, has been related to eating behaviors which may impact weight, and has been found to be predictive of WL in both behavioral WL programs and after bariatric surgery. Currently, we lack knowledge on the role of executive function in the period before bariatric surgery. If executive function impacts eating behavior and WL in the preoperative period, it may be a target for clinical attention in this stage. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the relationship between objective performance-based measures of executive function, eating patterns, and WL in the preoperative period. METHOD Baseline data in an ongoing observational longitudinal study of bariatric surgery patients were used. Eighty patients completed neuropsychological testing and self-report questionnaires 4 weeks prior to surgery. RESULTS We found that working memory predicted WL before surgery and inhibitory control predicted adherence to dietary recommendations. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that executive function may play a role in short-term WL and dietary adherence prior to surgery, suggesting that executive function in the preoperative period deserves an extended research focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Walø-Syversen
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,
| | | | - Jon Kristinsson
- Centre for Morbid Obesity and Bariatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger L Eribe
- Centre for Morbid Obesity and Bariatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Rø
- Regional Department for Eating Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Sanborn VE, Spitznagel MB, Crosby R, Steffen K, Mitchell J, Gunstad J. Cognitive function and quality of life in bariatric surgery candidates. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018; 14:1396-1401. [PMID: 30049594 PMCID: PMC6165683 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both poor quality of life (QoL) and cognitive impairment are common in persons with severe obesity. Work in other patient populations show that cognitive impairment is associated with poorer QoL, though this possibility has not been examined in bariatric surgery candidates. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the association between cognitive performance and QoL, both total and work related, in a sample of bariatric surgery candidates. SETTING Three sites were used for data collection, including the Neuropsychiatric Research Institute in Fargo, North Dakota, Columbia University in New York, and Cornell University in New York. METHODS Sixty participants from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery project were assessed at preoperative baseline. RESULTS Hierarchical regression analyses showed that poorer cognitive function was independently associated with lower total QoL and that both reported and objectively measured cognitive impairment were associated with poorer work-related QoL. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary findings suggest that cognitive impairment may contribute to poorer total and work-related QoL in bariatric surgery candidates. Future studies should examine whether interventions to improve cognitive function can improve QoL and other outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ross Crosby
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Kristine Steffen
- School of Pharmacy, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - James Mitchell
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - John Gunstad
- Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States
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Dreber H, Thorell A, Torgerson J, Reynisdottir S, Hemmingsson E. Weight loss, adverse events, and loss to follow-up after gastric bypass in young versus older adults: A Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018; 14:1319-26. [PMID: 30056048 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young adults display particularly poor weight loss in behavioral obesity treatment; nonetheless, they have seldom been included in bariatric research. OBJECTIVES To compare weight loss, adverse events, and loss to follow-up in young (18-25 yr) versus older (≥26 yr) adults up to 5 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. SETTING Nationwide, register-based study, Sweden. METHODS Prospective registry data (Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Register) were analyzed in young (22.2 yr [standard deviation (SD): 2.1], 81.6% women, mean body mass index 43.7 kg/m2 [SD: 5.4]) and older (42.6 years [SD: 9.6], 82.0% women, mean body mass index 43.4 kg/m2 [SD: 5.0]) adults undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Groups were matched for body mass index, sex, and year of surgery. Regression analyses and mixed models were used to compare outcomes between groups. RESULTS A total of 369 young (37.0% of eligible) and 2210 older (46.1%) adults attended the 5-year follow-up. At this time, weight loss was 31.8% in young and 28.2% in older adults (P < .001), with a serious adverse event (Clavien-Dindo ≥3b) being reported in 52 (14.1%) young and 153 (6.9%) older adults (odds ratio = 2.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.45-2.92, P < .001). Loss to follow-up was higher in young versus older adults throughout the study period (range of relative risk = 1.16-1.89, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS While young adults displayed at least equal weight loss as older adults, rates of adverse events were approximately doubled, and loss to follow-up rates were higher. Future studies on the significance of and the etiology behind the higher incidence of serious adverse events are needed. Intensified clinical contact post Roux-en-Y gastric bypass should have the potential to further improve outcomes in young adults.
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Hood MM, Kelly MC, Feig EH, Webb V, Bradley LE, Corsica J. Measurement of adherence in bariatric surgery: a systematic review. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018; 14:1192-1201. [PMID: 29853195 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
After bariatric surgery, rates of adherence to behavioral recommendations, including attending regular appointments and following specific dietary, physical activity, and vitamin use recommendations, tend to be highly variable across studies. Lack of consistency in measurement of adherence is a likely contributor to this variability, making it challenging to determine the prevalence and impact of nonadherence in this population. PubMed was searched for articles measuring behavioral adherence or compliance in patients after bariatric surgery, resulting in 85 articles. Articles were reviewed for the definition and measurement of adherence in each area (appointment attendance, as well as dietary, physical activity, and vitamin use adherence), and on the use and reporting of recommended adherence measurement strategies. Over half of the articles measured adherence to appointment attendance. Significant variability was found across adherence definitions and measurement methods, and use of recommended adherence measurement strategies was poor. Adherence was mostly commonly measured via self-report (either verbal or written) using cutoffs for adherent versus nonadherent behavior. Over half of studies assessed adherence up to ≥2 years postsurgery. Recommendations for ways to improve adherence measurement in patients who have had bariatric surgery are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Hood
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
| | | | - Emily H Feig
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Devadas M, Ku DJ. Conversional Weight Loss Surgery: an Australian Experience of Converting Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Bands to Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2018; 28:1902-9. [PMID: 29455406 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, capable of producing more than 50% excess weight loss at 10-year follow-up (James Clin Dermatol 1; 22:276-80; O'Brien Br J Surg 2; 102:611-17; Buchwald et al. Metab Syndr 3; 347-56). The success of bariatric surgery extends far beyond weight loss, with up to 80-90% of patients having improvement or resolution of many of their weight-related co-morbidities including type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension (Puzziferri et al. JAMA 4; 312:934-42; Buchwald et al. Am J Med 5; 122:248-56). However, there is a paucity of data regarding conversional bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the efficacy, safety and feasibility of conversional surgery. SETTING This study represents the largest Australasian series focusing on conversional bariatric surgery. The study was conducted in the Norwest Private Hospital and Hospital for Specialist Surgery (HSS), both private Hospitals in Sydney, Australia. METHODS Data was collected prospectively at regular intervals for more than 12 months from 1 January 2012 to 1st November 2015 for all patients requiring a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) as secondary procedure after prior laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB). Excess weight loss (EWL), percentage total body weight loss (TWL) and excess BMI loss (EBMIL) as well as any complications were recorded. RESULTS There were low rates of morbidity (1.1%) and no mortality at 12-month follow-up. Satisfactory EWL of 60% (95% CI: 56.6-63.4%), EBMIL of 60.1% (95% CI: 48.8-71.4%) and 16% TWL was achieved at 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION We therefore conclude that sleeve gastrectomy is a safe and valid option for conversional bariatric surgery following LAGB.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients do not meet the recommended level of physical activity after bariatric surgery, and psychological factors underlying postoperative physical activity remain poorly understood. This study aimed at identifying self-regulatory predictors of physical activity after bariatric surgery. METHODS Questionnaire data including self-regulation variables and the short-version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were obtained in a prospective cohort of 230 patients 1 year after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. The study sample consisted of participants consenting to wear an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer for seven consecutive days, 18-24 months after surgery (n = 120). RESULTS A total of 112 participants with complete self-report data provided valid accelerometer data. Mean age was 46.8 years (SD = 9.3), and 81.3% was women. Preoperative and postoperative BMI was 44.8 ± 5.5 and 30.6 ± 5.0 kg/m2, respectively. Total weight loss was 28.9% (SD = 7.5). By objective measures, 17.9% of the participants met the recommended level of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity of physical activity of ≥150 min/week, whereas 80.2% met the recommended level according to self-reported measures. Being single, higher education level, and greater self-regulation predicted objective physical activity in multivariate regression analysis. Greater self-regulation also predicted self-reported physical activity. Weight loss 1 year after surgery was not associated with self-reported or objectively measured physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Despite large differences between accelerometer-based and subjective estimates of physical activity, the associations of self-regulatory factors and weight loss with postoperative physical activity did not vary depending on mode of measurement. Self-regulation predicted both objective and self-reported physical activity. Targeting patients' self-regulatory ability may enhance physical activity after gastric bypass.
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Cazzo E, Gestic MA, Utrini MP, Chaim FDM, Cândido EC, Jarolavsky LBDS, de Almeida AMN, Pareja JC, Chaim EA. Bariatric surgery in individuals with severe cognitive impairment: report of two cases. SAO PAULO MED J 2018; 136:84-88. [PMID: 28443951 PMCID: PMC9924171 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0299071216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Bariatric surgery has become the gold-standard treatment for refractory morbid obesity. Obesity is frequently associated with certain syndromes that include coexisting cognitive deficits. However, the outcomes from bariatric surgery in this group of individuals remain incompletely determined. CASE REPORT A 25-year-old male with Prader-Willi syndrome, whose intelligence quotient (IQ) was 54, was admitted with a body mass index (BMI) of 55 kg/m2, associated with glucose intolerance. He underwent the Scopinaro procedure for biliopancreatic diversion, with uneventful postoperative evolution, and presented a 55% loss of excess weight one year after the surgery, with resolution of glucose intolerance, and without any manifestation of protein-calorie malnutrition. A 28-year-old male with Down syndrome, whose IQ was 68, was admitted with BMI of 41.5 kg/m2, associated with hypertension. He underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, with uneventful postoperative evolution. He presented a 90% loss of excess weight one year after the surgery, with resolution of the hypertension. CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery among individuals with intellectual impairment is a controversial topic. There is a tendency among these individuals to present significant weight loss and comorbidity control, but less than what is observed in the general obese population. The severity of the intellectual impairment may be taken into consideration in the decision-making process regarding the most appropriate surgical technique. Bariatric surgery is feasible and safe among these individuals, but further research is necessary to deepen these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton Cazzo
- MD, MSc, PhD. Assistant Lecturer, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Martinho Antonio Gestic
- MD, MSc. Assistant Lecturer, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Murillo Pimentel Utrini
- MD. Assistant Lecturer, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-Unicamp), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Felipe David Mendonça Chaim
- MD, MSc. Attending Physician, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Elaine Cristina Cândido
- BSc. Attending Nurse, Bariatric Surgery Outpatient Service, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Luciana Bueno da Silveira Jarolavsky
- BSc. Head Nurse, Bariatric Surgery Outpatient Service, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Ana Maria Neder de Almeida
- BSc. Attending Psychologist, Bariatric Surgery Outpatient Service, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (HC-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - José Carlos Pareja
- MD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
| | - Elinton Adami Chaim
- MD, MSc, PhD. Full Professor, Department of Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM-UNICAMP), Campinas (SP), Brazil.
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Marek RJ, Williams GA, Mohun SH, Heinberg LJ. Surgery type and psychosocial factors contribute to poorer weight loss outcomes in persons with a body mass index greater than 60 kg/m2. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:2021-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.09.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bartsch M, Langenberg S, Gruner-Labitzke K, Schulze M, Köhler H, Crosby RD, Marschollek M, de Zwaan M, Müller A. Physical Activity, Decision-Making Abilities, and Eating Disturbances in Pre- and Postbariatric Surgery Patients. Obes Surg 2016; 26:2913-22. [PMID: 27143094 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is considered to have a beneficial influence on executive functioning, including decision-making. Enhanced decision-making after bariatric surgery may strengthen patients' ability to delay gratification, helping to establish appropriate eating behavior. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare a preoperative group with a postoperative group with regard to daily PA, decision-making, and eating disturbances; and (2) investigate the relationship between these variables. METHODS The study included 71 bariatric surgery candidates (78 % women, BMI [kg/m2] M = 46.9, SD = 6.0) and 73 postoperative patients (78 % women, BMI M = 32.0, SD = 4.1; 89 % Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 11 % sleeve gastrectomy; months postoperative M = 8.2, SD = 3.5; total weight loss [%] M = 33.2, SD = 8.9) who completed SenseWear Pro2 activity monitoring. Decision-making was assessed using a computerized version of the Iowa Gambling Task and eating disorder psychopathology using the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire. RESULTS The number of patients who were classified as physically inactive was similarly high in the pre- and postoperative groups. No group differences emerged with regard to decision-making, but the postoperative group exhibited less eating disturbances than the preoperative group. No significant associations were found between PA, decision-making, and eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS Patients after bariatric surgery were not more physically active than bariatric surgery candidates, which should be considered in care programs. Additionally, future research is needed to explore the possible link between PA, patients' decision-making abilities, and eating disturbances concerning dose-response questions.
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Prickett C, Stolwyk R, O’brien P, Brennan L. Neuropsychological Functioning in Mid-life Treatment-Seeking Adults with Obesity: a Cross-sectional Study. Obes Surg 2018; 28:532-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tarantino V, Vindigni V, Bassetto F, Pavan C, Vallesi A. Behavioral and electrophysiological correlates of cognitive control in ex-obese adults. Biol Psychol 2017; 127:198-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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de Jong MM, Hinnen C. Bariatric surgery in young adults: a multicenter study into weight loss, dietary adherence, and quality of life. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:1204-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Thiara G, Cigliobianco M, Muravsky A, Paoli RA, Mansur R, Hawa R, McIntyre RS, Sockalingam S. Evidence for Neurocognitive Improvement After Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review. Psychosomatics 2017; 58:217-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Nielsen F, Georgiadou E, Bartsch M, Langenberg S, Müller A, de Zwaan M. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Prevalence and Correlates Pre- and Post-Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Obes Facts 2017; 10:1-11. [PMID: 28103594 PMCID: PMC5644936 DOI: 10.1159/000452999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research shows an association between obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The present study compares pre- and post-bariatric surgery patients using the internationally used Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS™) to screen for ADHD. METHODS Matched samples pre- (N = 120) and post-bariatric surgery (N = 128) were compared using self-rating instruments to assess ADHD-relevant symptomatology, depression, eating-related psychopathology, and BMI. RESULTS Prevalence of probable ADHD did not differ between groups using the CAARS Index Scale T-scores; however, CAARS subscales Inattention/Memory and Self-Concept showed significantly lower scores in post-surgery patients. All CAARS subscales correlated significantly with each other, with depression and eating-related psychopathology. There was no correlation between ADHD and excess BMI loss in post-surgery patients. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that a considerable number of patients before and after bariatric surgery screened positive for ADHD. It can be hypothesized that some core ADHD symptoms improve after surgery. Future studies are warranted to investigate the influence of ADHD on long-term surgery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Nielsen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ekaterini Georgiadou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Erlangen, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Merle Bartsch
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Svenja Langenberg
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany, Erlangen, Germany
- *Martina de Zwaan, MD, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hanover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany,
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adherence to postoperative recommended psychiatric follow-up on weight loss in morbid obesity patients with psychiatric disorders 1 year after gastric bypass. METHODS Three hundred eighteen morbidly obese patients were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into four groups according to preoperative psychiatric evaluations and adherence to psychiatric follow-up 1 year after their bypass surgery. The first group included patients who did not meet the referral criteria (NMRC). The second group consisted of patients who did not meet the psychiatric diagnostic criteria (NMDC). The third group was patients who met criteria for a psychiatric disorder and were nonadherent (NA) to psychiatric follow-up. The fourth group consisted of patients who met criteria for a psychiatric disorder and were adherent (A) to psychiatric follow-up. RESULTS The A group exhibited higher % change in BMI than the NA and NMRC groups at 1 year after bypass surgery. Regression analyses to examine the effects of the grouping variable on % change in BMI were performed by controlling the effects of age, gender, educational level, and preoperative BMI. The regression coefficient for the grouping variable was 0.175 (p = .003) at the 6-month and 0.133 (p = .027) at the 1-year % change in BMI. CONCLUSION Our preliminary data suggest that adherence to postoperative psychiatric follow-up is associated with greater postoperative weight loss. However, evidence from studies with a longer follow-up is required to justify this therapeutic approach.
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Hood MM, Corsica J, Bradley L, Wilson R, Chirinos DA, Vivo A. Managing severe obesity: understanding and improving treatment adherence in bariatric surgery. J Behav Med 2016; 39:1092-1103. [PMID: 27444752 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-016-9772-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Severe obesity (body mass index ≥40 kg/m2) is a chronic disease that is associated with significantly increased risk of serious and chronic health problems as well as impaired quality of life. For those with severe obesity, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for significant and long-term weight loss and resolution of comorbid medical conditions, particularly diabetes. Long-term success is thought to depend to some degree on the patient's ability to adhere to a complex set of behaviors, including regular attendance at follow up appointments and following stringent dietary, exercise, and vitamin recommendations. Here, we summarize the current research on behavioral adherence in patients with severe obesity presenting for bariatric surgery and we highlight challenges and make recommendations for improved self-management before and after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M Hood
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Joyce Corsica
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lauren Bradley
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Rebecca Wilson
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Diana A Chirinos
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Amanda Vivo
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, 1645 W Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Marek RJ, Ben-Porath YS, Heinberg LJ. Understanding the role of psychopathology in bariatric surgery outcomes. Obes Rev 2016; 17:126-41. [PMID: 26783067 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for morbid obesity; however, a subset of patients who undergo this procedure regain weight or achieve suboptimal weight loss results. A large number of studies have examined whether psychological variables play a role in weight loss surgery outcome. Although presurgical psychopathology has been found to be associated with suboptimal results in some studies, this literature is equivocal. These inconsistent findings are reviewed and considered in the context of contemporary models of psychopathology. More specifically, the review focuses on the limitations of atheoretical, descriptive diagnostic systems and examines whether comorbidity within the mood/anxiety disorders, impulse control/substance use disorders and thought disorders can account for the inconsistent findings reported to date. Contemporary models of psychopathology are highlighted and linked to the Research Domain Criteria, which have been advanced by the National Institute of Health. Means for assessing psychological constructs congruent with these models are reviewed. Recommendations are made for standardizing approaches to investigating how psychopathology contributes to suboptimal bariatric surgery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Marek
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Y S Ben-Porath
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - L J Heinberg
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Gourash WF, Lockhart JS, Kalarchian MA, Courcoulas AP, Nolfi D. Retention and attrition in bariatric surgery research: an integrative review of the literature. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:199-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Spitznagel MB, Hawkins M, Alosco M, Galioto R, Garcia S, Miller L, Gunstad J. Neurocognitive Effects of Obesity and Bariatric Surgery. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 2015; 23:488-95. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.2393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Langenberg S, Schulze M, Bartsch M, Gruner-Labitzke K, Pek C, Köhler H, Crosby RD, Marschollek M, de Zwaan M, Müller A. Physical activity is unrelated to cognitive performance in pre-bariatric surgery patients. J Psychosom Res 2015; 79:165-70. [PMID: 25818838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and cognitive performance in extreme obesity. METHODS Seventy-one bariatric surgery candidates (77.5% women) with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 46.9 kg/m2 (SD=6.0) and a mean age of 41.4 (SD=11.9) years completed SenseWear Pro2 activity monitoring for seven days. Cognitive functioning was assessed by a computerized test battery including tasks of executive function (Iowa Gambling Task), visuospatial short-term memory (Corsi Block Tapping Test) and verbal short-term memory (Auditory-Verbal Learning Test). Questionnaires assessing eating disturbances and depressive symptoms were administered. Somatic comorbidities were assessed by medical chart review. RESULTS The level of PA was low with mean steps per day within wear time being 7140 (SD=3422). Most patients were categorized as sedentary (31.0%) or low active (26.8%). No significant association between PA estimates and cognitive performance was found. Lower PA was modestly correlated with higher BMI but not with age, somatic comorbidity or depressive symptoms. Moderated regression analyses suggested a significant interaction effect between depression and PA in predicting performance on the Corsi Block Tapping Test. Patients with (29.6%) and without (70.4%) regular binge eating did not differ with respect to PA or cognitive function. CONCLUSION The findings indicate no association between daily PA and cognitive performance in morbidly obese patients. Future studies should explore the relationship between the variables with regard to dose-response-questions, a broader BMI range and with respect to potential changes after substantial weight loss due to bariatric surgery.
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Khorgami Z, Zhang C, Messiah SE, de la Cruz-Muñoz N. Predictors of Postoperative Aftercare Attrition among Gastric Bypass Patients. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2015; 10:79-83. [PMID: 26155436 PMCID: PMC4491160 DOI: 10.1089/bari.2014.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Poor adherence to post-bariatric surgery aftercare continues to challenge surgical practices. The objective of this study was to identify factors that predict poor aftercare attendance among patients who underwent Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) surgery. Method: A retrospective medical chart review of patients who underwent RYGB from 2002 to 2011 was conducted. Patients with four visits or more in the first 2 years (>50%) were categorized as "acceptable follow-up" and with ≤50% as "poor follow-up." Demographics, presurgical body mass index (BMI), and comorbidities were compared using multivariate analysis. Results: Out of 2,658 patients, 1,092 (41.1%) had acceptable follow-up. Preoperative factors that predicted acceptable follow-up included female gender (odds ratio [OR] 1.41 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.72]), older age (OR 1.03 [95% CI 1.03-1.04]), higher BMI at surgery (OR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01-1.03]), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR 1.40 [95% CI 1.15-1.72]). Conversely, presence of diabetes mellitus (OR 0.58 [95% CI 0.39-0.88]), hypertension (OR 0.53 [95% CI 0.39-0.72]), and obstructive sleep apnea (OR 0.39 [95% CI 0.26-0.57]) predicted less adherence to RYGB aftercare. Conclusion: These findings suggest RYGB patients' age, gender, ethnicity, preoperative BMI, and certain comorbidities should be considered to maximize postoperative aftercare attendance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhamak Khorgami
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Sarah E Messiah
- Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nestor de la Cruz-Muñoz
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Fuchs HF, Laughter V, Harnsberger CR, Broderick RC, Berducci M, Ducoin C, Langert J, Sandler BJ, Jacobsen GR, Perry W, Horgan S. Patients with psychiatric comorbidity can safely undergo bariatric surgery with equivalent success. Surg Endosc 2016; 30:251-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Pellitero S, Pérez-Romero N, Martínez E, Granada ML, Moreno P, Balibrea JM, Tarascó J, Lucas A, Puig-Domingo M. Baseline circulating ghrelin does not predict weight regain neither maintenance of weight loss after gastric bypass at long term. Am J Surg 2015; 210:340-4. [PMID: 25701890 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of weight loss (WL) or weight regain (WR) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) are not established. The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of some baseline peptides (leptin, insulin, and ghrelin) as biomarkers of WL and WR in morbid obese patients after RYGBP at long term. METHODS Seventy-six morbid obese (47 women, age 41.6 ± 9.6 years, body mass index [BMI] 52.1 ± 8 kg/m(2)) patients were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 2, and 6 years after surgery. RESULTS Excess body weight loss after 6 years was of 63.9%. Age, BMI, and studied hormones at baseline or their changes over time did not predict long-term excess body weight loss. WR greater than 10% was observed in 36.8% of patients between 2 and 6 years of follow-up, but it was not correlated with BMI, age, or baseline peptide concentrations. CONCLUSION Measurement of ghrelin, insulin, and leptin before surgery is not useful as predictors of WL or WR at long term after RYGBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pellitero
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.
| | | | - Eva Martínez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - María L Granada
- Clinical Biochemistry Service, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- Surgery Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jose M Balibrea
- Surgery Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- Surgery Department, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Anna Lucas
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Department of Medicine, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute and University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Bariatric surgery has been consistently shown to be effective in long-term marked weight loss and in bringing significant improvement to medical comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome. Empirical data suggest a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among bariatric surgery candidates. In this review, we focus on the studies published recently with a high impact on our understanding of the role of psychiatry in bariatric surgery. RECENT FINDINGS This article reviews the specific psychopathologies before surgery, changes in psychopathologies after surgery, suicide risk related to bariatric surgery, factors associated with weight loss, and recommendations for presurgical and postsurgical assessment and management. Research indicates a decrease in certain psychiatric symptoms after weight loss with bariatric surgery. However, the risk of suicide and unsuccessful weight loss in some bariatric surgery patients make monitoring following surgery as important as careful assessment and management before surgery. Specific considerations for youth and older populations and future potential research foci are discussed. SUMMARY Recent publications suggest new directions for psychiatric evaluation and interventions for bariatric surgery patients. Future research on outcomes of specific populations, effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy, and underlying pathophysiology are warranted for the advancement of treating bariatric surgery patients.
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Heinberg LJ, Schauer PR. Intellectual disability and bariatric surgery: a case study on optimization and outcome. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2014; 10:e105-8. [PMID: 24954542 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie J Heinberg
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland Clinic Bariatric & Metabolic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Philip R Schauer
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University and Cleveland Clinic Bariatric & Metabolic Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
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Calvo D, Galioto R, Gunstad J, Spitznagel MB. Uncontrolled eating is associated with reduced executive functioning. Clin Obes 2014; 4:172-9. [PMID: 25826773 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates obesity is associated with reduced cognitive functioning, particularly attention and executive function, as well as maladaptive eating behaviour such as uncontrolled eating. The current study examined relationships between eating patterns and attention/executive function test performance in lean and obese individuals. Sixty-two (32 lean, 30 obese) healthy young adults (21.13 ± 2.31 years; 56.5% female) completed the abbreviated Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18) to assess eating patterns, including uncontrolled eating, cognitive restraint, and emotional eating. The Go/No-Go (GNG), Running Memory Continuous Performance Test (RCMPT) and Standard Continuous Performance Test from the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics-4 were administered as measures of executive functioning and attention. An independent samples t-test revealed greater report of uncontrolled eating in obese compared with lean participants (t[60] = -2.174, P < 0.05; d = -0.55) but no differences in cognitive restraint or emotional eating. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed cognitive differences between lean and obese groups (F[6, 54] = 3.86, P < 0.005; λ = 0.70; ηp(2) = 0.30), which were driven by GNG reaction time (F[1, 59] = 8.36, P < 0.01, d = 0.74). Pearson bivariate correlations revealed a positive correlation between uncontrolled eating and reaction time on GNG (r = 0.343, P < 0.05) and RMCPT (r = 0.267, P < 0.05) in all participants. Relative to lean participants, obese individuals reported higher levels of uncontrolled eating and exhibited slower performance on a task of inhibitory control. In the full sample, greater self-reported dyscontrol in eating behaviour was related to slower inhibitory control and working memory. Results support a link between executive function and control of eating behaviour. Obese individuals may be more vulnerable to difficulties in these domains relative to those who are lean.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Calvo
- Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
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Marek RJ, Ben-porath YS, Merrell J, Ashton K, Heinberg LJ. Predicting One and Three Month Postoperative Somatic Concerns, Psychological Distress, and Maladaptive Eating Behaviors in Bariatric Surgery Candidates with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). Obes Surg 2014; 24:631-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-013-1149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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