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Martínez R, Kapravelou G, López-Chaves C, Cáceres E, Coll-Risco I, Sánchez-González C, Llopis J, Arrebola F, Galisteo M, Aranda P, López-Jurado M, Porres JM. Aerobic interval exercise improves renal functionality and affects mineral metabolism in obese Zucker rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F90-F100. [PMID: 30303711 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00356.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and renal injury are considered risk factors for type 2 diabetes, as well as kidney disease. Functional and structural changes in the kidney as consequence of obesity and metabolic syndrome may lead to impaired mineral metabolism in what is known as chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder. Lifestyle interventions such as physical activity are good strategies to manage these pathologies and therefore, prevent the loss of kidney functionality and related complications in mineral metabolism. In this study, we have used 40 male Zucker rats that were randomly allocated into four different experimental groups, two of them (an obese and a lean one) performed an aerobic interval training protocol, and the other two groups were sedentary. At the end of the experimental period (8 wk), urine, plasma, and femur were collected for biochemical and mineral composition analysis, whereas the kidney was processed for histological studies. The obese rats exhibited albuminuria, glomerulosclerosis, and hypertrophy in glomeruli and renal tubule in some areas, together with alterations in mineral content of plasma but not of femur. The training protocol prevented the generation of albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis, showing a significant action on plasma and bone mineral levels. Therefore, the specific training protocol used in this study was able to prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy and affected the metabolism of certain minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Carlos López-Chaves
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Elena Cáceres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Irene Coll-Risco
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Juan Llopis
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Francisco Arrebola
- Department of Histology, Institute of Neurosciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Milagros Galisteo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Granada , Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
| | - Jesus M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Centre for Biomedical Research, Centre for Research in Sport and Health, Universidad de Granada , Granada , Spain
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Porf-2 = Arhgap39 = Vilse: A Pivotal Role in Neurodevelopment, Learning and Memory. eNeuro 2018; 5:eN-REV-0082-18. [PMID: 30406180 PMCID: PMC6220574 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0082-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small GTP-converting enzymes, GTPases, are essential for the efficient completion of many physiological and developmental processes. They are regulated by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Arhgap39, also known as preoptic regulatory factor-2 (Porf-2) or Vilse, a member of the Rho GAP group, was first identified in 1990 in the rat CNS. It has since been shown to regulate apoptosis, cell migration, neurogenesis, and cerebral and hippocampal dendritic spine morphology. It plays a pivotal role in neurodevelopment and learning and memory. Homologous or orthologous genes are found in more than 280 vertebrate and invertebrate species, suggesting preservation through evolution. Not surprisingly, loss of the Arhgap39/Porf-2 gene in mice manifests as an embryonic lethal condition. Although Arhgap39/Porf-2 is highly expressed in the brain, it is also widely distributed throughout the body, with potential additional roles in oncogenesis and morphogenesis. This review summarizes, for the first time, the known information about this gene under its various names, in addition to considering its transcripts and proteins. The majority of findings described have been made in rats, mice, humans, and fruit flies. This work surveys the known functions, functional mediators, variables modifying expression and upstream regulators of expression, and potential physiological and pathological roles of Arhgap39/Porf-2 in health and disease.
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Regulation of blood pressure is influenced by gender: A study in obese Zucker rats. Life Sci 2018; 209:236-241. [PMID: 30098343 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study determined the role of renin-angiotensin system (RAS), endothelin system, and eicosanoid system in the blood pressure (BP) regulation in male and female Zucker rats, and whether the pressor response change similarly in lean and obese animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS In female (f) and male (m), lean (L) and obese (O) Zucker rats (ZR) at 22 weeks old, we evaluated the role of the 3 mentioned systems using the following treatments: 1) enalapril (angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor), 2) the ABT-627 (endothelin receptor A (ETA) antagonist), and 3) the 1-aminobenzotriazol (1-ABT: eicosanoid synthesis inhibitor). KEY FINDINGS MAP by radiotelemetry was similar and significantly higher in mOZR (120 ± 2 mm Hg) and fOZR (116 ± 4 mm Hg) (p < 0.05 vs. m-, fLZR), than mLZR (105 ± 3 mm Hg) and fLZR (106 ± 1 mm Hg), that were also similar. Enalapril reduced MAP more in mOZR (23%) and mLZR (26%), than fLZR (20%, p < 0.905 vs. mLZR) or fOZR (9%; p < 0.05 vs. other groups). After 10 days of drug-free and recovery period, ABT-627 reduced MAP in fLZR and mLZR by similar amounts (102 ± 4 to 92 ± 3 mm Hg, n = 6; p < 0.05 and 105 ± 2 vs. 92 ± 3 mm Hg, n = 6; p < 0.05, respectively), but did not affect either fOZR or mOZR. After another 10 days of drug-free and recovery period, 1-ABT reduced MAP in fOZR (116 ± 4 to 95 ± 2, n = 6; p < 0.05), and did not affect all other groups. SIGNIFICANCE We show that the mechanisms responsible for elevated BP in male and female OZR and LZR are different, and suggest that obesity may cause an increase in BP via different mechanisms in men and women as well.
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Slyvka Y, Malgor R, Inman SR, Ding J, Heh V, Nowak FV. Antioxidant diet and sex interact to regulate NOS isoform expression and glomerular mesangium proliferation in Zucker diabetic rat kidney. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:183-93. [PMID: 26797190 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes substantially to the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Consumption of an antioxidant-fortified (AO) diet from an early age prevents or delays later development of DN in the Zucker rat female with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesize this is due to effects on mesangial matrix and renal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) distribution and to sex-specific differences in NOS responses in the diabetic kidney. Total glomerular tuft area (GTA) and PAS-positive tuft area (PTA), endothelial (e), neuronal (n) and inducible (i) NOS were quantified in males and females on AO or regular (REG) diet at 6 and 20 weeks of age. eNOS was observed in glomeruli and tubules. nNOS predominantly localized to tubular epithelium in both cortex and medulla. iNOS was expressed in proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts. Sex, diabetes duration and AO diet affected the distribution of the three isoforms. GTA and PTA increased with duration of hyperglycemia and showed a negative correlation with renal levels of all NOS isoforms. AO diet in both genders was associated with less PAS-positive staining and less mesangial expansion than the REG diet, an early increase in cortical iNOS in males, and sex-specific changes in cortical eNOS at 20 weeks. These effects of AO diet may contribute to sex-specific preservation of renal function in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Slyvka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Ramiro Malgor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Sharon R Inman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Julia Ding
- College of Natural Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, TX 78713, USA
| | - Victor Heh
- OUHCOM Office of Research & Grants, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Felicia V Nowak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
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Llarena M, Andrade F, Hasnaoui M, Portillo MP, Pérez-Matute P, Arbones-Mainar JM, Hijona E, Villanueva-Millán MJ, Aguirre L, Carpéné C, Aldámiz-Echevarría L. Potential renoprotective effects of piceatannol in ameliorating the early-stage nephropathy associated with obesity in obese Zucker rats. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 72:555-66. [PMID: 26660756 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated nephropathy is considered to be a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Resveratrol supplementation represents a promising therapy to attenuate kidney injury, but the poor solubility and limited bioavailability of this polyphenol limits its use in dietary intervention. Piceatannol, a resveratrol analogue, has been suggested as a better option. In this study, we aimed to provide evidence of a preventive action of piceatannol in very early stages of obesity-associated nephropathy. Thirty obese Zucker rats were divided into three experimental groups: one control and two groups orally treated for 6 weeks with 15 and 45 mg piceatannol/kg body weight/day. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to determine renal and urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), renal fibrosis markers (transforming growth factor β1 and fibronectin) and renal sirtuin-1 protein. Oxidative stress was assessed in the kidney by measuring lipid peroxidation and nitrosative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates and 3-nitrotyrosine levels, respectively) together with the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. Renal fatty acids profile analysis was performed by thin-layer and gas chromatography. Piceatannol-treated rats displayed lower levels of urinary and renal Kim-1. Renal fibrosis biomarkers and lipid peroxidation exhibited a tendency to decrease in the piceatannol-treated groups. Piceatannol treatment did not modify superoxide dismutase activity or sirtuin-1 protein levels, while it seemed to increase the levels of polyunsaturated and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the kidneys. Our findings suggest a mild renoprotective effect of piceatannol in obese Zucker rats and the need of intervention at early stages of renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llarena
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mounia Hasnaoui
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048), Toulouse, France
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Investigación Lucio Lascaray, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez-Matute
- HIV and Associated Metabolic Alterations Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Jose M Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Hepáticas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María Jesús Villanueva-Millán
- HIV and Associated Metabolic Alterations Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Investigación Lucio Lascaray, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Christian Carpéné
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048), Toulouse, France
| | - Luis Aldámiz-Echevarría
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Nair AR, Elks CM, Vila J, Del Piero F, Paulsen DB, Francis J. A blueberry-enriched diet improves renal function and reduces oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome animals: potential mechanism of TLR4-MAPK signaling pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111976. [PMID: 25372283 PMCID: PMC4221362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of health factors that indicate a higher risk for cardio-renal diseases. Recent evidence indicates that antioxidants from berries are alternative to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that inflammation-induced renal damage is triggered by the activation of TLR4, and subsequent modulation of redox-sensitive molecules and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Methods Five-week old lean and obese Zucker rats (LZR and OZR) were fed a blueberry-enriched diet or an isocaloric control diet for 15 weeks. A glucose tolerance test and acute renal clearance experiments were performed. Gene and protein expression levels for TLR4, cytokines and phosphorylation of ERK and p38MAPK were measured. Kidney redox status and urinary albumin levels were quantified. Renal pathology was evaluated histologically. Results Control OZR exhibited lower glucose tolerance; exacerbated renal function parameters; increased oxidative stress. Gene and protein expression levels of TLR4 were higher and this was accompanied by increased renal pathology with extensive albuminuria and deterioration in antioxidant levels in OZR. In addition, OZR had increased phosphorylation of ERK and p38MAPK. Blueberry-fed OZR exhibited significant improvements in all these parameters compared to OZR. Conclusion TLR4-MAPK signaling pathway is a key to the renal structural injury and dysfunction in MetS and blueberry (BB) protect against this damage by inhibiting TLR4. Significance This is the first study to put forth a potential mechanism of TLR4-induced kidney damage in a model of MetS and to elucidate a downstream mechanism by which blueberry exert their reno-protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand R. Nair
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Carrie M. Elks
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Jorge Vila
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Fabio Del Piero
- Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Daniel B. Paulsen
- Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
| | - Joseph Francis
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Caligiuri SPB, Blydt-Hansen T, Love K, Grégoire M, Taylor CG, Zahradka P, Aukema HM. Evidence for the use of glomerulomegaly as a surrogate marker of glomerular damage and for alpha-linolenic acid-rich oils in the treatment of early obesity-related glomerulopathy in a diet-induced rodent model of obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:951-959. [PMID: 24927777 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG) is a unique and emerging condition that can lead to renal failure. Early detection, aided by an earlier diagnostic marker, would improve patient outcomes; this could be facilitated by an accurate model. Such a model would be useful to examine interventions like dietary fatty acids, which are known to influence renal diseases in later stages. In this study, obese-prone rats were provided high-fat (55% of energy) diets for 12 weeks to generate a model of diet-induced obesity. The rats were subsequently provided dietary oils with various levels of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) for 8 weeks, as follows: (g ALA:LA per 100 g oil): canola/flax (20:18), canola (8:18), soy (9:53), high-oleic canola/canola (5:16), high-oleic canola (2:15), lard/soy (1:8), and safflower (0.2:73). The model developed obesity, glomerulomegaly, proteinuria, and scarce glomerular damage with an indolent course. Morphometry and histology revealed glomerulomegaly as the first renal structural alteration. The utility of this marker as a predictor for the presence of ORG and renal injury was evidenced by its correlation to visceral adiposity (p < 0.0001, r = 0.44), proteinuria (p < 0.0001, ρ = 0.55), change in proteinuria (p = 0.0092, ρ = 0.42), and glomerular damage (p < 0.0001, ρ = 0.48). Renal triglyceride ALA:LA was strongly correlated with dietary ALA:LA (p < 0.0005, ρ = 0.96), and inversely associated with mean glomerular volume (p = 0.02, ρ = -0.82). The diet-induced obese model accurately represents early ORG, and implicates glomerulomegaly as an early surrogate diagnostic marker. Early intervention with ALA-rich dietary oils slowed glomerular enlargement; these findings warrant further clinical investigation to promote optimal patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P B Caligiuri
- a Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, W383 Duff Roblin Building, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Claybaugh T, Decker S, McCall K, Slyvka Y, Steimle J, Wood A, Schaefer M, Thuma J, Inman S. L-Arginine Supplementation in Type II Diabetic Rats Preserves Renal Function and Improves Insulin Sensitivity by Altering the Nitric Oxide Pathway. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:171546. [PMID: 24523733 PMCID: PMC3913451 DOI: 10.1155/2014/171546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat studies demonstrated that type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) decreases both the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). L-arginine (LA) provides the precursor for the production of NO. We hypothesized that LA dietary supplementation will preserve NO production via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) causing renal microvascular vasodilation and increased glomerular blood flow and thus increasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This would impede the formation of reactive oxygen species which contributes to cell damage and death. LA supplementation preserved GFR in the treated diabetic rats compared to untreated diabetic rats. We provide evidence that this effect may be due to increased levels of eNOS and urinary cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which leads to renal microvascular vasodilation. Plasma nitrotyrosine was decreased in the LA treated rats; however, plasma nitrite levels remained unaffected as expected. Marked improvements in glucose tolerance were also observed in the LA treated diabetic rats. These results demonstrate that LA supplementation preserves NO activity and may delay the onset of insulin resistance and renal dysfunction during hyperglycemic stress. These results suggest the importance of the NO pathway in consequent renal dysfunction and in the development of insulin resistance in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Claybaugh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Sarah Decker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Kelly McCall
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Yuriy Slyvka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Jerrod Steimle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Aaron Wood
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Megan Schaefer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Jean Thuma
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Sharon Inman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- The Diabetes Institute at Ohio University, Ohio University, 228 Irvine, Athens, OH 45701, USA
- *Sharon Inman:
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Orioli M, Vistoli G, Regazzoni L, Pedretti A, Lapolla A, Rossoni G, Canevotti R, Gamberoni L, Previtali M, Carini M, Aldini G. Design, Synthesis, ADME Properties, and Pharmacological Activities of β-Alanyl-D-histidine (D-Carnosine) Prodrugs with Improved Bioavailability. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1269-82. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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10
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Slyvka Y, Wang Z, Yee J, Inman SR, Nowak FV. Antioxidant diet, gender and age affect renal expression of nitric oxide synthases in obese diabetic rats. Nitric Oxide 2011; 24:50-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 08/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Ishii Y, Maki M, Yamamoto H, Sasase T, Kakutani M, Ohta T. Blood pressure characteristics of female spontaneously diabetic Torii-Lepr(fa) rats. J Vet Med Sci 2010; 73:501-5. [PMID: 21127391 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was periodically investigated at ages 8, 16, and 24 weeks. Furthermore, an insulin therapy was performed for 5 weeks in the female rats at age 11 weeks, and the change of blood pressure was examined. In addition to obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia and increased urinary angiotensinogen level were observed during the experimental period. Blood pressure was elevated at ages 8 and 16 weeks, but that at 24 weeks was comparable to that in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Heart rate was decreased from age 8 to 24 weeks. Insulin therapy induced good glycemic control and improvement of hyperlipidemia, but the blood pressure was not reduced. Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was elevated temporarily. The blood pressure was not decreased by insulin treatment. SDT-fa/fa rat is a useful model to investigate the relation between diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihito Ishii
- Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Japan Tobacco Inc., 1–1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka 569–1125, Japan
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Aldini G, Orioli M, Rossoni G, Savi F, Braidotti P, Vistoli G, Yeum KJ, Negrisoli G, Carini M. The carbonyl scavenger carnosine ameliorates dyslipidaemia and renal function in Zucker obese rats. J Cell Mol Med 2010; 15:1339-54. [PMID: 20518851 PMCID: PMC4373334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2010.01101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a risk factor that increases the risk for development of renal and vascular complications. This study addresses the effects of chronic administration of the endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine, L-CAR) and of its enantiomer (β-alanyl-D-histidine, D-CAR) on hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, advanced glycation end products, advanced lipoxidation end products formation and development of nephropathy in the non-diabetic, Zucker obese rat. The Zucker rats received a daily dose of L-CAR or D-CAR (30 mg/kg in drinking water) for 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressure was recorded monthly. At the end of the treatment, plasma levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, glucose, insulin, creatinine and urinary levels of total protein, albumin and creatinine were measured. Several indices of oxidative/carbonyl stress were also measured in plasma, urine and renal tissue. We found that both L- and D-CAR greatly reduced obese-related diseases in obese Zucker rat, by significantly restraining the development of dyslipidaemia, hypertension and renal injury, as demonstrated by both urinary parameters and electron microscopy examinations of renal tissue. Because the protective effect elicited by L- and D-CAR was almost superimposable, we conclude that the pharmacological action of L-CAR is not due to a pro-histaminic effect (D-CAR is not a precursor of histidine, since it is stable to peptidic hydrolysis), and prompted us to propose that some of the biological effects can be mediated by a direct carbonyl quenching mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Pietro Pratesi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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