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Chen C, Shi Q, Xiao K, Zhou W, Gao C, Gao L, Han J, Wang J, Dong X. Activation of Innate Immunity and Autophagy in Brain Tissues with Prion Disease and Degradation of Abnormal PrPs in Cells - China's Studies. China CDC Wkly 2022; 4:735-740. [PMID: 36285112 PMCID: PMC9547741 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2022.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike infectious diseases caused by conventional microbes, there are no detectable specific humoral or cellular immunoresponses to prion infection. However, extensive and active gliosis is observable in affected brain regions along with significant deposits of scrapie-like prion protein (PrPSc). Here, we summarize our studies of vibrant activation of host non-specific immune components and autophagy in the microenvironment of prion infected brains. Activation of the brain's innate immunity and autophagy upon prion infection reflect non-specific host defense systems attempt to dispose of accumulated prions. Vibrant elevation of neuroinflammation leads to neuron injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Han
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Division of Science and Technology, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai Municipality, China,Xiaoping Dong,
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Hu C, Chen C, Xia Y, Chen J, Yang W, Wang L, Chen DD, Wu YZ, Fan Q, Jia XX, Xiao K, Shi Q, Chen ZB, Dong XP. Different Aberrant Changes of mGluR5 and Its Downstream Signaling Pathways in the Scrapie-Infected Cell Line and the Brains of Scrapie-Infected Experimental Rodents. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:844378. [PMID: 35646890 PMCID: PMC9133610 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.844378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) is a G-protein-coupled receptor found widely in the central nervous system. It has been involved in the development and progression of some neurodegenerative diseases, but its role in prion diseases is rarely described. In this study, the changes of mGluR5 and its downstream signaling pathways in prion-infected cell line SMB-S15 and the brains of scrapie-infected experimental rodents were evaluated by various methodologies. We found the levels of mGluR5 were significantly increased in a prion-infected cell line SMB-S15 and the cultured cells transiently express an abnormal form PrP (Cyto-PrP). Using immunoprecipitation tests and immunofluorescent assays (IFA), molecular interaction and morphological colocalization between PrP and mGluR5 were observed in the cultured cells. We identified that the (GPCRs)-IP3-IP3R-Ca2+ pathway was activated and the levels of the downstream kinases p38, ERK, and JNK were increased in SMB-S15 cells. After treated with mGluR5 antagonist (MTEP) or the removal of prion replication by resveratrol in SMB-S15 cells, the upregulations of mGluR5 and the downstream kinases were restored in a certain degree. Moreover, increased mGluR5 contributes to the cell damage in prion-infected cells. Contrarily, the levels of mGluR5 in the brains of several scrapie-infected rodent models were decreased at terminal stage. IFA of the brain sections of scrapie-infected rodents demonstrated that the signals of mGluR5 were preferentially colocalized with the NeuN-positive cells, accompanying with severe neuron losses in Nissl staining, which might be a reason for the decrease of mGluR5. Our data indicate the different aberrant alterations of mGluR5 and the downstream signaling pathways during prion infection in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Cao Chen, ; Xiao-Ping Dong,
| | - Ying Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dong-Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Zhang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Bao Chen
- College of Agricultural, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosafety, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Cao Chen, ; Xiao-Ping Dong,
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Malik A, Khan JM, Alhomida AS, Ola MS. Modulation of the Structure and Stability of Novel Camel Lens Alpha-Crystallin by pH and Thermal Stress. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050273. [PMID: 35621572 PMCID: PMC9140948 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-crystallin protein performs structural and chaperone functions in the lens and comprises alphaA and alphaB subunits at a molar ratio of 3:1. The highly complex alpha-crystallin structure challenges structural biologists because of its large dynamic quaternary structure (300−1000 kDa). Camel lens alpha-crystallin is a poorly characterized molecular chaperone, and the alphaB subunit possesses a novel extension at the N-terminal domain. We purified camel lens alpha-crystallin using size exclusion chromatography, and the purity was analyzed by gradient (4−12%) sodium dodecyl sulfate−polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Alpha-crystallin was equilibrated in the pH range of 1.0 to 7.5. Subsequently, thermal stress (20−94 °C) was applied to the alpha-crystallin samples, and changes in the conformation and stability were recorded by dynamic multimode spectroscopy and intrinsic and extrinsic fluorescence spectroscopic methods. Camel lens alpha-crystallin formed a random coil-like structure without losing its native-like beta-sheeted structure under two conditions: >50 °C at pH 7.5 and all temperatures at pH 2.0. The calculated enthalpy of denaturation, as determined by dynamic multimode spectroscopy at pH 7.5, 4.0, 2.0, and 1.0 revealed that alpha-crystallin never completely denatures under acidic conditions or thermal denaturation. Alpha-crystallin undergoes a single, reversible thermal transition at pH 7.5. The thermodynamic data (unfolding enthalpy and heat capacity change) and chaperone activities indicated that alpha-crystallin does not completely unfold above the thermal transition. Camels adapted to live in hot desert climates naturally exhibit the abovementioned unique features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (M.S.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdullah S. Alhomida
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (M.S.O.)
| | - Mohammad Shamsul Ola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (M.S.O.)
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Otero A, Betancor M, Eraña H, Fernández Borges N, Lucas JJ, Badiola JJ, Castilla J, Bolea R. Prion-Associated Neurodegeneration Causes Both Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Proteasome Impairment in a Murine Model of Spontaneous Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010465. [PMID: 33466523 PMCID: PMC7796520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of neurodegenerative disorders that can be spontaneous, familial or acquired by infection. The conversion of the prion protein PrPC to its abnormal and misfolded isoform PrPSc is the main event in the pathogenesis of prion diseases of all origins. In spontaneous prion diseases, the mechanisms that trigger the formation of PrPSc in the central nervous system remain unknown. Several reports have demonstrated that the accumulation of PrPSc can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and proteasome impairment from the early stages of the prion disease. Both mechanisms lead to an increment of PrP aggregates in the secretory pathway, which could explain the pathogenesis of spontaneous prion diseases. Here, we investigate the role of ER stress and proteasome impairment during prion disorders in a murine model of spontaneous prion disease (TgVole) co-expressing the UbG76V-GFP reporter, which allows measuring the proteasome activity in vivo. Spontaneously prion-affected mice showed a significantly higher accumulation of the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), the ER chaperone binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP/Grp78), the ER protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and the UbG76V-GFP reporter than age-matched controls in certain brain areas. The upregulation of PERK, BiP, PDI and ubiquitin was detected from the preclinical stage of the disease, indicating that ER stress and proteasome impairment begin at early stages of the spontaneous disease. Strong correlations were found between the deposition of these markers and neuropathological markers of prion disease in both preclinical and clinical mice. Our results suggest that both ER stress and proteasome impairment occur during the pathogenesis of spontaneous prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Otero
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza IA2 IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.O.); (M.B.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Marina Betancor
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza IA2 IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.O.); (M.B.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Hasier Eraña
- ATLAS Molecular Pharma S.L., Parque tecnológico de Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain;
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (N.F.B.); (J.C.)
| | - Natalia Fernández Borges
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (N.F.B.); (J.C.)
| | - José J. Lucas
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’ (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Badiola
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza IA2 IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.O.); (M.B.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Joaquín Castilla
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain; (N.F.B.); (J.C.)
- IKERBasque Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rosa Bolea
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes, Universidad de Zaragoza IA2 IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.O.); (M.B.); (J.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Malik A, Almaharfi HA, Khan JM, Hisamuddin M, Alamery SF, Haq SH, Ahmed MZ. Protection of ζ-crystallin by α-crystallin under thermal stress. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 167:289-298. [PMID: 33278428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. Several factors including post-translational modification, thermal and solar radiations promote cataractogenesis. The camel lens proteins survive very harsh desert conditions and resist cataractogenesis. The folding and aggregation mechanism of camel lens proteins are poorly characterized. The camel lens contains three ubiquitous crystallins (α-, β-, and γ-crystallin) and a novel protein (ζ-crystallin) in large amounts. In this study, a sequence similarity search of camel α-crystallin with that of other organisms showed that the camel αB-crystallin consists of an extended N-terminal domain. Our results indicate that camel α-crystallin efficiently prevented aggregation of ζ-crystallin, with or without an obligate cofactor up to 89 °C. It performed a quick and efficient holdase function irrespective of the unfolding stage or aggregation. Camel α-crystallin exhibits approximately 20% chaperone activity between 30 and 40 °C and is completely activated above 40 °C. Camel α-crystallin underwent a single reversible thermal transition without loss of β-sheet secondary structure. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and ANS binding experiments revealed two transitions which corresponded to activation of its chaperone function. In contrast to earlier studies, camel α-crystallin completely protected lens proteins during thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar Ahmed Almaharfi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malik Hisamuddin
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Salman Freeh Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samina Hyder Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Z Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
In vivo, small heat-shock proteins (sHsps) are key players in maintaining a healthy proteome. αB-crystallin (αB-c) or HspB5 is one of the most widespread and populous of the ten human sHsps. Intracellularly, αB-c acts via its molecular chaperone action as the first line of defence in preventing target protein unfolding and aggregation under conditions of cellular stress. In this review, we explore how the structure of αB-c confers its function and interactions within its oligomeric self, with other sHsps, and with aggregation-prone target proteins. Firstly, the interaction between the two highly conserved regions of αB-c, the central α-crystallin domain and the C-terminal IXI motif and how this regulates αB-c chaperone activity are explored. Secondly, subunit exchange is rationalised as an integral structural and functional feature of αB-c. Thirdly, it is argued that monomeric αB-c may be its most chaperone-species active, but at the cost of increased hydrophobicity and instability. Fourthly, the reasons why hetero-oligomerisation of αB-c with other sHsps is important in regulating cellular proteostasis are examined. Finally, the interaction of αB-c with aggregation-prone, partially folded target proteins is discussed. Overall, this paper highlights the remarkably diverse capabilities of αB-c as a caretaker of the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junna Hayashi
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - John A Carver
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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Muranova LK, Ryzhavskaya AS, Sudnitsyna MV, Shatov VM, Gusev NB. Small Heat Shock Proteins and Human Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:1256-1267. [PMID: 31760916 DOI: 10.1134/s000629791911004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The review discusses the role of small heat shock proteins (sHsps) in human neurodegenerative disorders, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and different forms of tauopathies. The effects of CMT-associated mutations in two small heat shock proteins (HspB1 and HspB8) on the protein stability, oligomeric structure, and chaperone-like activity are described. Mutations in HspB1 shift the equilibrium between different protein oligomeric forms, leading to the alterations in its chaperone-like activity and interaction with protein partners, which can induce damage of the cytoskeleton and neuronal death. Mutations in HspB8 affect its interaction with the adapter protein Bag3, as well as the process of autophagy, also resulting in neuronal death. The impact of sHsps on different forms of amyloidosis is discussed. Experimental studies have shown that sHsps interact with monomers or small oligomers of amyloidogenic proteins, stabilize their structure, prevent their aggregation, and/or promote their specific proteolytic degradation. This effect might be due to the interaction between the β-strands of sHsps and β-strands of target proteins, which prevents aggregation of the latter. In cooperation with the other heat shock proteins, sHsps can promote disassembly of oligomers formed by amyloidogenic proteins. Despite significant achievements, further investigations are required for understanding the role of sHsps in protection against various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Muranova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A S Ryzhavskaya
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - M V Sudnitsyna
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - V M Shatov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - N B Gusev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Hamadmad S, Shah MH, Kusibati R, Kim B, Erickson B, Heisler-Taylor T, Bhattacharya SK, Abdel-Rahman MH, Cebulla CM. Significant upregulation of small heat shock protein αA-crystallin in retinal detachment. Exp Eye Res 2019; 189:107811. [PMID: 31550446 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumaya Hamadmad
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Mohd Hussain Shah
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Rania Kusibati
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Bongsu Kim
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Brandon Erickson
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Tyler Heisler-Taylor
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Sanjoy K Bhattacharya
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, The Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA; Division Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43240, USA
| | | | - Colleen M Cebulla
- The Ohio State University Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 915 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA.
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Lu SZ, Guo YS, Liang PZ, Zhang SZ, Yin S, Yin YQ, Wang XM, Ding F, Gu XS, Zhou JW. Suppression of astrocytic autophagy by αB-crystallin contributes to α-synuclein inclusion formation. Transl Neurodegener 2019; 8:3. [PMID: 30675347 PMCID: PMC6337871 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0143-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a chronic loss of dopaminergic neurons and the presence of proteinaceous inclusions (Lewy bodies) within some remaining neurons in the substantia nigra. Recently, astroglial inclusion body has also been found in some neurodegenerative diseases including PD. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of how astroglial protein aggregation forms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the contribution of αB-crystallin (CRYAB), a small heat shock protein, in α-synuclein inclusion formation in astrocytes. Methods Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated CRYAB (siCRYAB) knockdown or CRYAB overexpression was performed to investigate the impact of CRYAB on the autophagy in human glioblastoma cell line U251 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunoblotting were used to dissect the interaction among multiple proteins. The clearance of α-synuclein in vitro was evaluated by immunocytochemistry. CRYAB transgenic mice and transgenic mice overexpressing A30P mutant form of human α-synuclein were used to examine the influence of CRYAB to α-synuclein accumulation in vivo. Results We found that knockdown of CRYAB in U251 cells or primary cultured astrocytes resulted in a marked augmentation of autophagy activity. In contrast, exogenous CRYAB disrupted the assembly of the BAG3-HSPB8-HSC70 complex via binding with BAG3, thereby suppressing the autophagy activity. Furthermore, CRYAB-regulated autophagy has relevance to PD pathogenesis. Knockdown of CRYAB remarkably promoted cytoplasmic clearance of α-synuclein preformed fibrils (PFFs). Conversely, selective overexpression of CRYAB in astrocytes markedly suppressed autophagy leading to the accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates in the brain of transgenic mice expressing human α-synuclein A30P mutant. Conclusions This study reveals a novel function for CRYAB as a natural inhibitor of astrocytic autophagy and shows that knockdown of CYRAB may provide a therapeutic target against proteinopathies such as synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Zhao Lu
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,2School of Future Techology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yong-Shun Guo
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,2School of Future Techology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China.,3Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Pei-Zhou Liang
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Shu-Zhen Zhang
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Shu Yin
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yan-Qing Yin
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- 3Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Fei Ding
- 4Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- 4Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhou
- 1Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China.,2School of Future Techology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
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10
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Extracellular αB-crystallin modulates the inflammatory responses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:282-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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11
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Lazarova M, Popatanasov A, Klissurov R, Stoeva S, Pajpanova T, Kalfin R, Tancheva L. Preventive Effect of Two New Neurotensin Analogues on Parkinson's Disease Rat Model. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:552-560. [PMID: 30374780 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Close functional and anatomical interactions between the neurotensin (NT) and dopamine (DA) systems suggest that NT could be associated with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, clinical use of NT is limited due to its rapid degradation. This has led to the synthesis of a number of new NT fragment 8-13 [NT(8-13)] analogues, such as NT2 and NT4, to avoid the fast biodegradation of NT. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of NT2 and NT4 on an experimental model of Parkinson's disease in rats induced with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treatment, producing striatal lesions. Wistar male rats were divided into different groups: a sham-operated (SO) group, a striatal 6-OHDA-lesioned control group, two groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats treated for 5 days with NT2 or NT4 (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and a NT-treated group as reference. During the first and second week post lesion the animals were subjected to a number of behavioral tests (apomorphine-induced rotations, rotarod, passive avoidance test), and brain tissue was evaluated histologically and also assessed for DA levels. The results showed that both the number of apomorphine-induced rotations and falls (rotarod test) increased in the 6-OHDA group relative to the SO group. At the same time, the 6-OHDA-treated group showed significant memory impairment, based on the to step-through test, compared to the SO group. Treatment with NT2 and NT4 significantly decreased the number of apomorphine-induced rotations and improved the memory of lesioned animals, with these NT analogues demonstrating better neuroprotective and neuromodulatory effects than NT. DA content in the brain of the PD rats treated with NT2 and NT4 increased, possibly due to attenuation of the loss of DA-ergic neurons. NT2 and NT4 were found to easily penetrate the blood-brain barrier and they showed a better stability than the reference NT neuropeptide. In conclusion, the NT approach represents an attractive strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lazarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Andrey Popatanasov
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Svetlana Stoeva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tamara Pajpanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Reni Kalfin
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lyubka Tancheva
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 23, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria. .,Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Str., 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
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12
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Shi Q, Li JL, Ma Y, Gao LP, Xiao K, Wang J, Zhou W, Chen C, Guo YJ, Dong XP. Decrease of RyR2 in the prion infected cell line and in the brains of the scrapie infected mice models and the patients of human prion diseases. Prion 2018; 12:175-184. [PMID: 29676187 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2018.1465162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are usually increased in the brains of human Alzheimer disease (AD) and AD animal models. To evaluate the underlying alteration of brain RyRs in prion disease, scrapie infected cell line SMB-S15 and its infected mice were tested. RyR2 specific Western blots revealed markedly decreased RyR2 levels both in the cells and in the brains of infected mice. Assays of the brain samples of other scrapie (agents 139A and ME7) infected mice collected at different time-points during incubation period showed time-dependent decreases of RyR2. Immunofluorescent assays (IFA) verified that the expression of RyR2 locates predominantly in cytoplasm of SMB cells and overlapped with the neurons in the brain slices of mice. Furthermore, significant down-regulation of RyR2 was also detected in the postmortem cortical brains of the patients of various types of human prion diseases, including sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), fatal familial insomnia (FFI) and G114V-genetic CJD. Our data here propose the evidences of remarkably decreased brain RyR2 at terminal stages of both human prion diseases and prion infected rodent models. It also highlights that the therapeutic strategy with antagonist of RyRs in AD may not be suitable for prion disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Le Li
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China.,b Department of Neurology , Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Xicheng District, Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ma
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ping Gao
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Xiao
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Cao Chen
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jun Guo
- b Department of Neurology , Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Xicheng District, Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- a State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control , Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Beijing , People's Republic of China
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13
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Ferrer I. Diversity of astroglial responses across human neurodegenerative disorders and brain aging. Brain Pathol 2017; 27:645-674. [PMID: 28804999 PMCID: PMC8029391 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrogliopathy refers to alterations of astrocytes occurring in diseases of the nervous system, and it implies the involvement of astrocytes as key elements in the pathogenesis and pathology of diseases and injuries of the central nervous system. Reactive astrocytosis refers to the response of astrocytes to different insults to the nervous system, whereas astrocytopathy indicates hypertrophy, atrophy/degeneration and loss of function and pathological remodeling occurring as a primary cause of a disease or as a factor contributing to the development and progression of a particular disease. Reactive astrocytosis secondary to neuron loss and astrocytopathy due to intrinsic alterations of astrocytes occur in neurodegenerative diseases, overlap each other, and, together with astrocyte senescence, contribute to disease-specific astrogliopathy in aging and neurodegenerative diseases with abnormal protein aggregates in old age. In addition to the well-known increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein and other proteins in reactive astrocytes, astrocytopathy is evidenced by deposition of abnormal proteins such as β-amyloid, hyper-phosphorylated tau, abnormal α-synuclein, mutated huntingtin, phosphorylated TDP-43 and mutated SOD1, and PrPres , in Alzheimer's disease, tauopathies, Lewy body diseases, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, respectively. Astrocytopathy in these diseases can also be manifested by impaired glutamate transport; abnormal metabolism and release of neurotransmitters; altered potassium, calcium and water channels resulting in abnormal ion and water homeostasis; abnormal glucose metabolism; abnormal lipid and, particularly, cholesterol metabolism; increased oxidative damage and altered oxidative stress responses; increased production of cytokines and mediators of the inflammatory response; altered expression of connexins with deterioration of cell-to-cell networks and transfer of gliotransmitters; and worsening function of the blood brain barrier, among others. Increased knowledge of these aspects will permit a better understanding of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases in old age as complex disorders in which neurons are not the only players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of NeuropathologyPathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Institute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos IIIMadridSpain
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14
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Shi Q, Chen LN, Lv Y, Zhang BY, Xiao K, Zhou W, Chen C, Sun J, Yang XD, Dong XP. Comparative proteomics analyses for 139A and ME7 scrapie infected mice brains in the middle and terminal stages. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 11. [PMID: 27991723 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201600113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the proteomics patterns in the cortex regions of scrapie strains 139A- and ME7-infected mice collected in the middle and terminal stages. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Western Blot and immunohistochemistry methods are used to analyze the pathological changes in mice collected in the middle and terminal stages. The technique of iTRAQ and multidimensional LC and MS are used to analyze the proteomics patterns of mice in different stages. RESULTS In total, 2891 with 95% confidence interval are identified. The study here also demonstrates a similar protein expressions in the CNS tissues of two scrapie strains infected mice at the terminal stages, but markedly different one between the middle and terminal samples, not only in the numbers of differentially expressed proteins and involved gene ontologies and pathways but also in the relevant functional constitutions. CONCLUSIONS It may provide useful clue in exploring the abnormalities of biological functions at different time points of prion infections and in searching for potential therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Na Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Cao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou), National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Increases of Galectin-1 and its S-nitrosylated form in the Brain Tissues of Scrapie-Infected Rodent Models and Human Prion Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3707-3716. [PMID: 27211330 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1) shows neuroprotective activity in brain ischemia, spinal cord injury, and autoimmune neuroinflammation. To evaluate the Gal-1 situation in the brains of prion disease, the brain levels of Gal-1 in several scrapie-infected experimental rodent models were tested by Western blot, including agents 263K-infected hamsters, 139A-, ME7-, and S15-infected mice. Remarkable increases of brain Gal-1 were observed in all tested scrapie-infected rodents at the terminal stage. The brain levels of Gal-1 showed time-dependent increases along with the prolonging of incubation times. Immunohistochemical assays illustrated much stronger stainings in the brain sections of scrapie-infected rodents. Quantitative RT-PCR of Gal-1 gene demonstrated increased transcription in the brains of scrapie-infected mice. Gal-1 was colocalized with GFAP- and NeuN-positive cells, but not with Iba-1-positive cells in immunofluorescent test. Increases of Gal-1 were also detected in the several postmortem cortex regions of human prion diseases. Moreover, the S-nitrosylated forms of Gal-1 in the brains of scrapie-infected rodents were significantly higher than those of normal ones. Our finding here demonstrates markedly increased brain Gal-1 and S-nitrosylated Gal-1 both in scrapie-infected rodents and human prion diseases.
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16
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Piri N, Kwong JMK, Gu L, Caprioli J. Heat shock proteins in the retina: Focus on HSP70 and alpha crystallins in ganglion cell survival. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 52:22-46. [PMID: 27017896 PMCID: PMC4842330 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) belong to a superfamily of stress proteins that are critical constituents of a complex defense mechanism that enhances cell survival under adverse environmental conditions. Cell protective roles of HSPs are related to their chaperone functions, antiapoptotic and antinecrotic effects. HSPs' anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective characteristics, their ability to protect cells from a variety of stressful stimuli, and the possibility of their pharmacological induction in cells under pathological stress make these proteins an attractive therapeutic target for various neurodegenerative diseases; these include Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, prion disease, and others. This review discusses the possible roles of HSPs, particularly HSP70 and small HSPs (alpha A and alpha B crystallins) in enhancing the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in optic neuropathies such as glaucoma, which is characterized by progressive loss of vision caused by degeneration of RGCs and their axons in the optic nerve. Studies in animal models of RGC degeneration induced by ocular hypertension, optic nerve crush and axotomy show that upregulation of HSP70 expression by hyperthermia, zinc, geranyl-geranyl acetone, 17-AAG (a HSP90 inhibitor), or through transfection of retinal cells with AAV2-HSP70 effectively supports the survival of injured RGCs. RGCs survival was also stimulated by overexpression of alpha A and alpha B crystallins. These findings provide support for translating the HSP70- and alpha crystallin-based cell survival strategy into therapy to protect and rescue injured RGCs from degeneration associated with glaucomatous and other optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natik Piri
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Jacky M K Kwong
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lei Gu
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joseph Caprioli
- Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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17
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McKinnon C, Goold R, Andre R, Devoy A, Ortega Z, Moonga J, Linehan JM, Brandner S, Lucas JJ, Collinge J, Tabrizi SJ. Prion-mediated neurodegeneration is associated with early impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 131:411-25. [PMID: 26646779 PMCID: PMC4752964 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterised by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in the brain. The critical relationship between aberrant protein misfolding and neurotoxicity currently remains unclear. The accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins has been linked to impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. As the principal route for protein degradation in mammalian cells, this could have profound detrimental effects on neuronal function and survival. Here, we determine the temporal onset of UPS dysfunction in prion-infected Ub(G76V)-GFP reporter mice, which express a ubiquitin fusion proteasome substrate to measure in vivo UPS activity. We show that the onset of UPS dysfunction correlates closely with PrP(Sc) deposition, preceding earliest behavioural deficits and neuronal loss. UPS impairment was accompanied by accumulation of polyubiquitinated substrates and found to affect both neuronal and astrocytic cell populations. In prion-infected CAD5 cells, we demonstrate that activation of the UPS by the small molecule inhibitor IU1 is sufficient to induce clearance of polyubiquitinated substrates and reduce misfolded PrP(Sc) load. Taken together, these results identify the UPS as a possible early mediator of prion pathogenesis and promising target for development of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris McKinnon
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rob Goold
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ralph Andre
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anny Devoy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Zaira Ortega
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie Moonga
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Linehan
- MRC Prion Unit, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Division of Neuropathology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - José J Lucas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- MRC Prion Unit, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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18
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Crystallins and neuroinflammation: The glial side of the story. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1860:278-86. [PMID: 26049079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an abundance of evidence to support the association of damaging neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration across a multitude of diseases. One of the links between these pathological phenomena is the role of chaperone proteins as both neuroprotective and immune-regulatory agents. SCOPE OF REVIEW Chaperone proteins are highly expressed at sites of neuroinflammation both in glial cells and in the injured neurons that initiate the immune response. For this reason, the use of chaperones as treatment for various diseases associated with neuroinflammation is a highly active area of investigation. This review explores the various ways that the small heat shock protein chaperones, α-crystallins, can affect glial cell function with a specific focus on their implication in the inflammatory response associated with neurodegenerative disorders, and their potential as therapeutic treatment. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Although the mechanisms are still under investigation, a clear link has now been established between alpha-crystallins and neuroinflammation, especially through their roles in microglial and macroglial cells. Interestingly, similar to inflammation in itself, crystallins can have a beneficial or detrimental impact on the CNS based on the context and duration of the condition. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Overall this review points out the novel roles that chaperones such as alpha-crystallins can play outside of the classical protein folding pathways, and their potential in the development of new therapies for the treatment of neuroinflammatory/neurodegenerative diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Crystallin Biochemistry in Health and Disease.
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19
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Liu Y, Zhou Q, Tang M, Fu N, Shao W, Zhang S, Yin Y, Zeng R, Wang X, Hu G, Zhou J. Upregulation of alphaB-crystallin expression in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:1686-1691. [PMID: 25683516 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most devastating neurodegenerative disorders. The underlying mechanisms of the characteristic neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra (SN) are still not fully understood. To better understand the molecular events occurring in the SN of PD brain, we used the culture-derived isotope tag-based quantitative proteomics to compare the protein expression profiles in the nigral tissue of PD patients and control subjects. We identified a total of 11 differentially expressed proteins, including alphaB-crystallin (Cryab). Both the levels and pattern of Cryab expression in the SN were validated. It was revealed that Cryab was markedly upregulated in the SN of PD brain. Cryab expression was also upregulated in reactive astrocytes and microglia in a neurotoxin-induced mouse PD model. Moreover, we showed increased expression of Cryab in cytoplasmic inclusions in a subset of glial cells in Parkinsonian brain. Thus, we identified Cryab that is highly expressed in the SN of PD brain and may be involved in the glial pathology during dopaminergic neuron degeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinbo Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Tang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Fu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Shao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqing Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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