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Chen X, Yao N, Mao Y, Xiao D, Huang Y, Zhang X, Wang Y. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin/CYP1B1 pathway alleviates oxidative stress and protects the blood-brain barrier under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion conditions. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1541-1547. [PMID: 38051897 PMCID: PMC10883507 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.386398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202407000-00033/figure1/v/2023-11-20T171125Z/r/image-tiff
Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway participate in stroke-induced disruption of the blood-brain barrier. However, the potential links between them following ischemic stroke remain largely unknown. The present study found that cerebral ischemia leads to oxidative stress and repression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Meanwhile, Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation by the pharmacological inhibitor, TWS119, relieved oxidative stress, increased the levels of cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and tight junction-associated proteins (zonula occludens-1 [ZO-1], occludin and claudin-5), as well as brain microvascular density in cerebral ischemia rats. Moreover, rat brain microvascular endothelial cells that underwent oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation displayed intense oxidative stress, suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, aggravated cell apoptosis, downregulated CYP1B1 and tight junction protein levels, and inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Overexpression of β-catenin or knockdown of β-catenin and CYP1B1 genes in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells at least partly ameliorated or exacerbated these effects, respectively. In addition, small interfering RNA-mediated β-catenin silencing decreased CYP1B1 expression, whereas CYP1B1 knockdown did not change the levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β, Wnt-3a, and β-catenin proteins in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation. Thus, the data suggest that CYP1B1 can be regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin/CYP1B1 pathway contributes to alleviation of oxidative stress, increased tight junction levels, and protection of the blood-brain barrier against ischemia/hypoxia-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Nannan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanguang Mao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dongyun Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yiyi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yinzhou Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Fujian Academy of Medical Science, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Key Testing Laboratory of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Ma R, Gao QY, Chen ZT, Liao GH, Li ST, Cai JW, Luo NS, Chen H, Zhang HF. SIRT3 suppression resulting from the enhanced β-catenin signaling drives glycolysis and promotes hypoxia-induced cell growth in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Cell Cycle 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38626328 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2024.2340864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The precise mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of SIRT3, a mitochondrial sirtuin protein, on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, as well as its impact on mitochondrial respiration, remain poorly understood. We assessed sirtuins 3 (SIRT3) levels in HCC tissues and Huh7 cells cultured under hypoxic condition. We investigated the effects of SIRT3 on cell proliferation, glycolytic metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis in Huh7 cells. Besides, we explored the potential mechanisms regulating SIRT3 expression in hypoxically cultured Huh7 cells. Gradual reduction in SIRT3 expressions were observed in both adjacent tumor tissues and tumor tissues. Similarly, SIRT3 expressions were diminished in Huh7 cells cultured under hypoxic condition. Forced expression of SIRT3 attenuated the growth of hypoxically cultured Huh7 cells. SIRT3 overexpression led to a decrease in extracellular acidification rate while increasing oxygen consumption rate. SIRT3 downregulated the levels of hexokinase 2 and pyruvate kinase M2. Moreover, SIRT3 enhanced mitophagy signaling, as indicated by mtKeima, and upregulated key proteins involved in various mitophagic pathways while reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels. Furthermore, SIRT3 increased proxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α levels and the amount of mitochondrial DNA in Huh7 cells. Notably, β-catenin expressions were elevated in Huh7 cells cultured under hypoxic condition. Antagonists and agonists of β-catenin respectively upregulated and downregulated SIRT3 expressions in hypoxically cultured Huh7 cells. The modulationsof glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration represent the primary mechanism through which SIRT3, suppressed by β-catenin, inhibits HCC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, PRC
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Zhi-Teng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Guang-Hong Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Shu-Tai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Jie-Wen Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Nian-Sang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PRC
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Kumar Saini S, Singh D. Mitochondrial mechanisms in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Unravelling the intricacies. Mitochondrion 2024; 77:101883. [PMID: 38631511 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic stroke is a major contributor to physical impairments and premature death worldwide. The available reperfusion therapies for stroke in the form of mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis increase the risk of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury due to sudden restoration of blood supply to the ischemic region. The injury is manifested by hemorrhagic transformation, worsening of neurological impairments, cerebral edema, and progression to infarction in surviving patients. A complex network of multiple pathological processes has been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of I-R injury. Primarily, 3 major contributors namely oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial failure have been well studied in I-R injury. A transcription factor, Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) plays a crucial defensive role in resisting the deleterious effects of I-R injury and potentiating the cellular protective mechanisms. In this review, we delve into the critical function of mitochondria and Nrf2 in the context of cerebral I-R injury. We summarized how oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial anomaly contribute to the pathophysiology of I-R injury and further elaborated the role of Nrf2 as a pivotal guardian of cellular integrity. The review further highlighted Nrf2 as a putative therapeutic target for mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral I-R injury management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar Saini
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Yuan J, Zhao J, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Wang A, Ma R, Han M, Hui Y, Guo S, Ning X, Sun S. The protective mechanism of SIRT3 and potential therapy in acute kidney injury. QJM 2024; 117:247-255. [PMID: 37354530 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical syndrome with a poor short-term prognosis, which increases the risk of the development of chronic kidney diseases and end-stage kidney disease. However, the underlying mechanism of AKI remains to be fully elucidated, and effective prevention and therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Given the enormous energy requirements for filtration and absorption, the kidneys are rich in mitochondria, which are unsurprisingly involved in the onset or progression of AKI. Accumulating evidence has recently documented that Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), one of the most prominent deacetylases highly expressed in the mitochondria, exerts a protective effect on AKI. SIRT3 protects against AKI by regulating energy metabolism, inhibiting oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, ameliorating apoptosis, inhibiting early-stage fibrosis and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Besides, a number of SIRT3 activators have exhibited renoprotective properties both in animal models and in vitro experiments, but have not yet been applied to clinical practice, indicating a promising therapeutic approach. In this review, we unravel and summarize the recent advances in SIRT3 research and the potential therapy of SIRT3 activators in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguo Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunlong Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Nephrology, 980th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Anjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Geriatric, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yueqing Hui
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuxian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatric, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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Zhang M, Liu Q, Meng H, Duan H, Liu X, Wu J, Gao F, Wang S, Tan R, Yuan J. Ischemia-reperfusion injury: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:12. [PMID: 38185705 PMCID: PMC10772178 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury paradoxically occurs during reperfusion following ischemia, exacerbating the initial tissue damage. The limited understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying I/R injury hinders the development of effective therapeutic interventions. The Wnt signaling pathway exhibits extensive crosstalk with various other pathways, forming a network system of signaling pathways involved in I/R injury. This review article elucidates the underlying mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling, as well as the complex interplay between Wnt and other pathways, including Notch, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, transforming growth factor-β, nuclear factor kappa, bone morphogenetic protein, N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor-Ca2+-Activin A, Hippo-Yes-associated protein, toll-like receptor 4/toll-interleukine-1 receptor domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, and hepatocyte growth factor/mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor. In particular, we delve into their respective contributions to key pathological processes, including apoptosis, the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, cell hypertrophy, fibrosis, ferroptosis, neurogenesis, and blood-brain barrier damage during I/R injury. Our comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms involved in Wnt signaling during I/R reveals that activation of the canonical Wnt pathway promotes organ recovery, while activation of the non-canonical Wnt pathways exacerbates injury. Moreover, we explore novel therapeutic approaches based on these mechanistic findings, incorporating evidence from animal experiments, current standards, and clinical trials. The objective of this review is to provide deeper insights into the roles of Wnt and its crosstalk signaling pathways in I/R-mediated processes and organ dysfunction, to facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic agents for I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Gao
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rubin Tan
- Department of Physiology, Basic medical school, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Jinxiang Yuan
- The Collaborative Innovation Center, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China.
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Xiaowei X, Qian X, Dingzhou Z. Sirtuin-3 activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response and reduces cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:4327-4339. [PMID: 37705748 PMCID: PMC10496505 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.86614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) deacetylates several mitochondrial proteins implicated into cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) favors mitochondrial proteostasis during various stressors. Here, we used Sirt3 transgenic mice and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model to evaluate the molecular basis of Sirt3 on the UPRmt during brain post-ischemic dysfunction. The present study illustrated that Sirt3 abundance was suppressed in the brain after brain ischemic abnormalities. Overexpression of Sirt3 in vivo suppressed the infarction size and attenuated neuroinflammation after brain I/R injury. Sirt3 overexpression restored neural viability by reducing mitochondrial ROS synthesis, maintaining the mitochondrial potential and improving mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Sirt3 overexpression protected neuronal mitochondria against brain post-ischemic malfunction via eliciting the UPRmt by the forkhead box O3 (Foxo3)/sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) pathway. Inhibiting either the UPRmt or the Foxo3/Sphk1 pathway relieved the favorable influence of Sirt3 on neural function and mitochondrial behavior. In contrast, Sphk1 overexpression was sufficient to reduce the infarction size, attenuate neuroinflammation, sustain neuronal viability and prevent mitochondrial abnormalities during brain post-ischemia dysfunction. Thus, the UPRmt protects neural viability and mitochondrial homeostasis, and the Sirt3/Foxo3/Sphk1 pathway is a promosing therapeutic candidate for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Xiaowei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People' s Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Neurology, Haikou City People' s Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou 570100, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Dingzhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People' s Hospital (The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha 410005, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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Zheng X, Gao J, Zhao M, Han L, Zhang D, Wang K, Cui J. Honokiol attenuates mitochondrial fission and cell apoptosis by activating Sirt3 in intracerebral hemorrhage. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:719-731. [PMID: 36805606 PMCID: PMC10129194 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sirtuin-3 (Sirt3) has been documented to protect against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Honokiol (HKL) is a Sirt3 pharmacological activator with reported neuroprotective effects in multiple neurological disorders. The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of HKL and the role of Sirt3 following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). METHODS An in vivo ICH model in rats was established by injecting autologous blood into the right basal ganglia. PC12 cells were stimulated with hemin. For the in vivo investigation, the modified Neurological Severity Scores and the Morris water maze test were performed to assess neurological deficits. Hematoxylin-Eosin and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining were employed to evaluate the histopathology and apoptosis. Immunohistochemical staining was used to investigate the expression of Sirt3. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were quantified to assess mitochondrial dysfunction. Cell counting kit-8, lactate dehydrogenase assay, and flow cytometry were used to analyze cell vitality and apoptosis in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe mitochondrial morphology and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) localization to mitochondria. Western blot was applied to quantify the expression of Sirt3, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved-caspase-3, Drp1, phosphorylation of Drp1 at serine-616, and phosphorylation of Drp1 at serine-637 in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS HKL treatment alleviated neurological deficits, attenuated the histopathological damage and cell apoptosis, and restored the decreased ATP levels in ICH rats. HKL improved cell survival rate, reduced cell apoptosis, and inhibited mitochondrial fission in PC12 cells. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro models showed increased phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser616, and reduced phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser637. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence co-localization analysis revealed that hemin increased the overlap of Drp1 and mitochondria in PC12 cells. The phosphorylation and mitochondrial translocation of Drp1 were effectively reversed by HKL treatment. Importantly, the selective Sirt3 inhibitor 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine suppressed these effects. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that HKL ameliorated ICH-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial fission by Sirt3, suggesting that HKL has immense prospects for the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuecheng Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Junling Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Manman Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Lingling Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Dexin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Kaijie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Jianzhong Cui
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
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Yang H, Zhou Z, Liu Z, Chen J, Wang Y. Sirtuin-3: A potential target for treating several types of brain injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1154831. [PMID: 37009480 PMCID: PMC10060547 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1154831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) is responsible for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by deacetylating substrates in an NAD+-dependent manner. SIRT3, the primary deacetylase located in the mitochondria, controls cellular energy metabolism and the synthesis of essential biomolecules for cell survival. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that SIRT3 is involved in several types of acute brain injury. In ischaemic stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, and intracerebral haemorrhage, SIRT3 is closely related to mitochondrial homeostasis and with the mechanisms of pathophysiological processes such as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, and programmed cell death. As SIRT3 is the driver and regulator of a variety of pathophysiological processes, its molecular regulation is significant. In this paper, we review the role of SIRT3 in various types of brain injury and summarise SIRT3 molecular regulation. Numerous studies have demonstrated that SIRT3 plays a protective role in various types of brain injury. Here, we present the current research available on SIRT3 as a target for treating ischaemic stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, thus highlighting the therapeutic potential of SIRT3 as a potent mediator of catastrophic brain injury. In addition, we have summarised the therapeutic drugs, compounds, natural extracts, peptides, physical stimuli, and other small molecules that may regulate SIRT3 to uncover additional brain-protective mechanisms of SIRT3, conduct further research, and provide more evidence for clinical transformation and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yuhai Wang
- *Correspondence: Junhui Chen, ; Yuhai Wang,
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Li J, Sun Y, Xue C, Yang X, Duan Y, Zhao D, Han J. Nogo-B deficiency suppresses white adipogenesis by regulating β-catenin signaling. Life Sci 2023; 321:121571. [PMID: 36931495 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Obesity is a global epidemic around the world. Reticulon-4B (Nogo-B) is an endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein. Our previous work demonstrated that Nogo-B deficiency inhibited obesity and decreased the size of white adipocytes. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of Nogo-B in white adipogenesis remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the effect of Nogo-B in white adipogenesis, as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. MAIN METHODS AND FINDINGS The study adopted mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to induce white adipogenesis and investigate the effect of Nogo-B on adipogenesis using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, lipid quantification, and Oil Red O staining. During white adipogenesis, Nogo-B expression was increased accompanied by upregulation of adipogenic markers. In contrast, Nogo-B deficiency inhibited white adipocyte markers expression and lipid accumulation. Furthermore, the mechanism study showed that Nogo-B deficiency decreased the destruction complex [AXIN1-APC-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)] levels through activating protein kinase B 2 (AKT2), resulting in β-catenin translocating into the nucleus and inhibiting the expression of adipogenic markers. Moreover, Nogo-B deficiency promoted the expression of brown/beige adipocytes markers while improving mitochondrial thermogenesis by activating β-catenin pathway. In addition, Nogo-B deficiency reduced the levels of inflammatory molecules during white adipogenic differentiation. SIGNIFICANCE This study revealed that Nogo-B deficiency inhibited white adipogenesis through AKT2/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Meanwhile, Nogo-B deficiency increased the expression of brown/beige adipocyte markers and promoted mitochondrial thermogenesis. In addition, Nogo-B deficiency reduced inflammatory cytokine levels caused by adipogenesis. Collectively, blocking Nogo-B expression may be a potential strategy to suppress white adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyao Sun
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Xue
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Yajun Duan
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Jihong Han
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China.
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10
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Tyagi A, Pugazhenthi S. A Promising Strategy to Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases by SIRT3 Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021615. [PMID: 36675125 PMCID: PMC9866791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT3, the primary mitochondrial deacetylase, regulates the functions of mitochondrial proteins including metabolic enzymes and respiratory chain components. Although SIRT3's functions in peripheral tissues are well established, the significance of its downregulation in neurodegenerative diseases is beginning to emerge. SIRT3 plays a key role in brain energy metabolism and provides substrate flexibility to neurons. It also facilitates metabolic coupling between fuel substrate-producing tissues and fuel-consuming tissues. SIRT3 mediates the health benefits of lifestyle-based modifications such as calorie restriction and exercise. SIRT3 deficiency is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a precondition for diseases including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The pure form of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rare, and it has been reported to coexist with these diseases in aging populations. SIRT3 downregulation leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and inflammation, potentially triggering factors of AD pathogenesis. Recent studies have also suggested that SIRT3 may act through multiple pathways to reduce plaque formation in the AD brain. In this review, we give an overview of SIRT3's roles in brain physiology and pathology and discuss several activators of SIRT3 that can be considered potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpna Tyagi
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Subbiah Pugazhenthi
- Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-720-857-5629
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11
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Li Y, Li J, Wu G, Yang H, Yang X, Wang D, He Y. Role of SIRT3 in neurological diseases and rehabilitation training. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:69-89. [PMID: 36374406 PMCID: PMC9834132 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a deacetylase that plays an important role in normal physiological activities by regulating a variety of substrates. Considerable evidence has shown that the content and activity of SIRT3 are altered in neurological diseases. Furthermore, SIRT3 affects the occurrence and development of neurological diseases. In most cases, SIRT3 can inhibit clinical manifestations of neurological diseases by promoting autophagy, energy production, and stabilization of mitochondrial dynamics, and by inhibiting neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress (OS). However, SIRT3 may sometimes have the opposite effect. SIRT3 can promote the transfer of microglia. Microglia in some cases promote ischemic brain injury, and in some cases inhibit ischemic brain injury. Moreover, SIRT3 can promote the accumulation of ceramide, which can worsen the damage caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). This review comprehensively summarizes the different roles and related mechanisms of SIRT3 in neurological diseases. Moreover, to provide more ideas for the prognosis of neurological diseases, we summarize several SIRT3-mediated rehabilitation training methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaosong Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui He
- Department of Radiology, Jinzhou Central Hospital, 51 Shanghai Road, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Li M, Tang H, Li Z, Tang W. Emerging Treatment Strategies for Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neuroscience 2022; 507:112-124. [PMID: 36341725 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) injury is a common feature of ischemic stroke which occurs when the blood supply is restored after a period of ischemia in the brain. Reduced blood-flow to the brain during CI/RI compromises neuronal cell health as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, cytokine production, inflammation and tissue damage. Reperfusion therapy during CI/RI can restore the blood flow to ischemic regions of brain which are not yet infarcted. The long-term goal of CI/RI therapy is to reduce stroke-related neuronal cell death, disability and mortality. A range of drug and interventional therapies have emerged that can alleviate CI/RI mediated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the brain. Herein, we review recent studies on CI/RI interventions for which a mechanism of action has been described and the potential of these therapeutic modalities for future use in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Heyong Tang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (School of Life Sciences), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage (Rehabilitation Medical College), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China.
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Zhu MX, Ma XF, Niu X, Fan GB, Li Y. Mitochondrial unfolded protein response in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Brain Res 2022; 1797:148116. [PMID: 36209898 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a mitochondrial stress response that activates the transcriptional program of mitochondrial chaperone proteins and proteases to keep protein homeostasis in mitochondria. Ischemia-reperfusion injury results in multiple severe clinical issues linked to high morbidity and mortality in various disorders. The pathophysiology and pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury are complex and multifactorial. Emerging evidence showed the roles of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Herein, we discuss the regulatory mechanisms underlying UPRmt signaling in C. elegans and mammals. Furthermore, we review the recent studies into the roles and mechanisms of UPRmt signaling in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the heart, brain, kidney, and liver. Further research of UPRmt signaling will potentially develop novel therapeutic strategies against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xi Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Ma
- Department of ICU, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Niu
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gui-Bo Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The 4th Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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15
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Shen X, Sun P, Zhang H, Yang H. Mitochondrial quality control in the brain: The physiological and pathological roles. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1075141. [PMID: 36578825 PMCID: PMC9791200 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1075141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain has high energetic expenses and consumes over 20% of total oxygen metabolism. Abnormal brain energy homeostasis leads to various brain diseases. Among multiple factors that contribute to these diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the most common causes. Maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and functionality is of pivotal importance to brain energy generation. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC), employing the coordination of multiple mechanisms, is evolved to overcome many mitochondrial defects. Thus, not surprisingly, aberrant mitochondrial quality control results in a wide range of brain disorders. Targeting MQC to preserve and restore mitochondrial function has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of brain diseases. Here, we set out to summarize the current understanding of mitochondrial quality control in brain homeostasis. We also evaluate potential pharmaceutically and clinically relevant targets in MQC-associated brain disorders.
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16
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Chen DQ, Chen L, Guo Y, Wu XQ, Zhao TT, Zhao HL, Zhang HJ, Yan MH, Zhang GQ, Li P. Poricoic acid A suppresses renal fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis in UUO rats via upregulating Sirt3 and promoting β-catenin K49 deacetylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 44:1038-1050. [PMID: 36470978 PMCID: PMC10104829 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRenal interstitial fibrosis is the common pathological process of various chronic kidney diseases to end-stage renal disease. Inhibition of fibroblast activation attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis. Our previous studies show that poricoic acid A (PAA) isolated from Poria cocos is a potent anti-fibrotic agent. In the present study we investigated the effects of PAA on renal fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. Renal interstitial fibrosis was induced in rats or mice by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). UUO rats were administered PAA (10 mg·kg−1·d−1, i.g.) for 1 or 2 weeks. An in vitro model of renal fibrosis was established in normal renal kidney fibroblasts (NRK-49F cells) treated with TGF-β1. We showed that PAA treatment rescued Sirt3 expression, and significantly attenuated renal fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis in both the in vivo and in vitro models. In TGF-β1-treated NRK-49F cells, we demonstrated that Sirt3 deacetylated β-catenin (a key transcription factor of fibroblast activation) and then accelerated its ubiquitin-dependent degradation, thus suppressing the protein expression and promoter activity of pro-fibrotic downstream target genes (twist, snail1, MMP-7 and PAI-1) to alleviate fibroblast activation; the lysine-49 (K49) of β-catenin was responsible for Sirt3-mediated β-catenin deacetylation. In molecular docking analysis, we found the potential interaction of Sirt3 and PAA. In both in vivo and in vitro models, pharmacological activation of Sirt3 by PAA significantly suppressed renal fibroblast activation via facilitating β-catenin K49 deacetylation. In UUO mice and NRK-49F cells, Sirt3 overexpression enhanced the anti-fibrotic effect of PAA, whereas Sirt3 knockdown weakened the effect. Taken together, PAA attenuates renal fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis by upregulating Sirt3 and inducing β-catenin K49 deacetylation, highlighting Sirt3 functions as a promising therapeutic target of renal fibroblast activation and interstitial fibrosis.
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17
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Role of NAD + and FAD in Ischemic Stroke Pathophysiology: An Epigenetic Nexus and Expanding Therapeutic Repertoire. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4. [PMID: 36180651 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The redox coenzymes viz., oxidized β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) by way of generation of optimal reducing power and cellular energy currency (ATP), control a staggering array of metabolic reactions. The prominent cellular contenders for NAD+ utilization, inter alia, are sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1), which have been significantly implicated in ischemic stroke (IS) pathogenesis. NAD+ and FAD are also two crucial epigenetic enzyme-required metabolites mediating histone deacetylation and poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation through SIRTs and PARP-1 respectively, and demethylation through FAD-mediated lysine specific demethylase activity. These enzymes and post-translational modifications impinge on the components of neurovascular unit, primarily neurons, and elicit diverse functional upshots in an ischemic brain. These could be circumstantially linked with attendant cognitive deficits and behavioral outcomes in post-stroke epoch. Parsing out the contribution of NAD+/FAD-synthesizing and utilizing enzymes towards epigenetic remodeling in IS setting, together with their cognitive and behavioral associations, combined with possible therapeutic implications will form the crux of this review.
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Yan J, Tang X, Zhou ZQ, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Li S, Luo A. Sirtuins functions in central nervous system cells under neurological disorders. Front Physiol 2022; 13:886087. [PMID: 36111151 PMCID: PMC9468898 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.886087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuins (SIRTs), a class of NAD+ -dependent deacylases, contain seven SIRT family members in mammals, from SIRT1 to SIRT7. Extensive studies have revealed that SIRT proteins regulate virous cell functions. Central nervous system (CNS) decline resulted in progressive cognitive impairment, social and physical abilities dysfunction. Therefore, it is of vital importance to have a better understanding of potential target to promote homeostasis of CNS. SIRTs have merged as the underlying regulating factors of the process of neurological disorders. In this review, we profile multiple functions of SIRT proteins in different cells during brain function and under CNS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaole Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-qiang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyong Li, ; Ailin Luo,
| | - Ailin Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shiyong Li, ; Ailin Luo,
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Khan H, Kaur Grewal A, Gurjeet Singh T. Mitochondrial dynamics related neurovascular approaches in cerebral ischemic injury. Mitochondrion 2022; 66:54-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Shen J, Li Y, Jiao Y, Wang J, Hou X, Su Y, Liu B, Liu H, Sun Z, Xi Q, Fu Z. Wnt 3a Protects Myocardial Injury in Elderly Acute Myocardial Infarction by Inhibiting Serum Cystatin C/ROS-Induced Mitochondrial Damage. Front Physiol 2022; 13:950960. [PMID: 35936906 PMCID: PMC9355253 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.950960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging represents an independent risk factor affecting the poor prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This present research aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of myocardial injury in elderly AMI by animals and cells experiment. Our previous clinical study found the serum Cystatin C (Cys-C) increased in the elderly AMI population, while the mechanism underlying high Cys-C induced myocardial injury of AMI remains unclear. In the in-vitro study, we confirmed that Wnt/β-catenin could significantly reduce the expression of cytoplasmic Cys-C through transnuclear action, and highly attenuate the occurrence of mitochondrial oxidative stress injury induced via Cys-C/reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, the addition of exogenous Wnt3a and inhibition of Cys-C expression could effectively inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress injury and relieve the acute myocardial hypoxia injury. These results indicate that Cys-C exerted damaging effects on the hypoxic aging cardiomyocyte through the ROS/mitochondrial signaling pathway. Inhibition of this pathway effectively reduced the apoptosis of aging cardiomyocytes. In the in-vivo study, we also explored the function of the Wnt/Cys-C pathway on the ischemic infarction heart. We confirmed that Wnt/β-catenin served as the upstream protective protein of this pathway, and the promotion of this pathway improved the cardiac structure and function of the elderly AMI mice effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shen
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- Outpatient Department of Tongzhou Retired Cadres Rest Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Jihang Wang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Hou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkang Su
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Henan Liu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Sun
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Xi
- The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Xi, ; Zhenhong Fu,
| | - Zhenhong Fu
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Xi, ; Zhenhong Fu,
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Wang L, Ding Y, Bai Y, Shi J, Li J, Wang X. The activation of SIRT3 by dexmedetomidine mitigates limb ischemia-reperfusion-induced lung injury. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:319. [PMID: 35434046 PMCID: PMC9011293 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The lung is one of the most sensitive organs, and is vulnerable to injury caused by limb ischemia-reperfusion (LIR). Dexmedetomidine, an anesthetic adjunct, has been shown to have therapeutic effects on lung injury secondary to LIR. This study aimed to investigate the role of dexmedetomidine in ameliorating LIR-induced lung injury in a mouse model of bilateral hind LIR. Methods In this study, 75 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups to prepare the LIR model. After the model was established, arterial blood was extracted for blood gas analysis. The pathological changes of lung tissue, lung wet/dry weight ratio, arterial blood gas analysis, detection of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in oxidative stress indexes, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and cytochrome c content were measured, and the relative protein expression levels of sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) and apoptosis factor Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax), B-cell Lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), cleaved caspase 3, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and cytoplasmic heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Results Pretreatment with dexmedetomidine dramatically ameliorated LIR-induced lung injury, the wet/dry weight ratio, the arterial blood gas parameters, and enhanced SIRT3 expression. Moreover, dexmedetomidine significantly inhibits ROS and MDA level and restores antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, GSH-Px). Of note, dexmedetomidine suppressed LIR-induced lung tissue apoptosis by modulating apoptosis-associated protein such as Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase 3. Moreover, dexmedetomidine inhibited the LIR-induced decreases in MMP, ATP levels, and the release of cytochrome c of LIR to maintain mitochondrial function. Latest study has shown that activating Nrf2 could promote SIRT3 expression to alleviate IR injury. Intriguingly, dexmedetomidine could facilitate nuclear Nrf2 and cytoplasmic HO-1 expression. Conclusions Our findings suggest that dexmedetomidine protects against LIR-induced lung injury by inhibiting the oxidative response, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. The mechanism appears to be at least partly mediated through the upregulation of SIRT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Teaching and Research Section of Anesthesiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Yanling Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Yanhui Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The No. 2 Hospital of Baoding, Baoding, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Teaching and Research Section of Anesthesiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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22
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Cao M, Zhao Q, Sun X, Qian H, Lyu S, Chen R, Xia H, Yuan W. Sirtuin 3: Emerging therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 180:63-74. [PMID: 35031448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation is one of the most important methods of modification that lead to a change in the function of proteins. In humans, metabolic enzymes commonly undergo acetylation, which regulates the activities of metabolic enzymes and metabolic pathways. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a prominent deacetylase that participates in mitochondrial metabolism, redox balance, and mitochondrial dynamics by regulating mitochondrial protein acetylation, thereby protecting mitochondria from damage. Normal mitochondrial function is essential for maintaining the metabolism and function of the heart. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction caused by SIRT3 consumption and defects leads to the development of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the role of SIRT3 in cardiovascular disease is critical for developing new therapeutic strategies. Herein, we summarize the function of SIRT3 in mitochondria, the complex mechanisms mediating cardiovascular diseases, and the potential value of SIRT3 small-molecule agonists in future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfei Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Qianru Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Han Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Shumei Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Hao Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212000, China.
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23
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Zhang Q, Liu XM, Hu Q, Liu ZR, Liu ZY, Zhang HG, Huang YL, Chen QH, Wang WX, Zhang XK. Dexmedetomidine inhibits mitochondria damage and apoptosis of enteric glial cells in experimental intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via SIRT3-dependent PINK1/HDAC3/p53 pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 19:463. [PMID: 34772407 PMCID: PMC8588684 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury commonly occurs during perioperative periods, resulting in high morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a selective α2-agonist that is frequently applied during perioperative periods for its analgesia effect; however, its ability to provide protection against intestinal I/R injury and underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS To fill this gap, the protection of Dex against I/R injury was examined in a rat model of intestinal I/R injury and in an inflammation cell model, which was induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that Dex had protective effects against intestinal I/R injury in rats. Dex was also found to promote mitophagy and inhibit apoptosis of enteric glial cells (EGCs) in the inflammation cell model. PINK1 downregulated p53 expression by promoting the phosphorylation of HDAC3. Further studies revealed that Dex provided protection against experimentally induced intestinal I/R injury in rats, while enhancing mitophagy, and suppressing apoptosis of EGCs through SIRT3-mediated PINK1/HDAC3/p53 pathway in the inflammation cell model. CONCLUSION Hence, these findings provide evidence supporting the protective effect of Dex against intestinal I/R injury and its underlying mechanism involving the SIRT3/PINK1/HDAC3/p53 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Ren Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Gen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Lu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Hong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Xiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Kang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17, Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Mandala A, Chen WJ, Armstrong A, Malhotra MR, Chavalmane S, McCommis KS, Chen A, Carpenter D, Biswas P, Gnana-Prakasam JP. PPAR α agonist fenofibrate attenuates iron-induced liver injury in mice by modulating the Sirt3 and β-catenin signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G262-G269. [PMID: 34287090 PMCID: PMC8461793 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00129.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Iron accumulation is frequently associated with chronic liver diseases. However, our knowledge on how iron contributes to the liver injury is limited. Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling is a hallmark of several hepatic pathologies. We recently reported that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) agonist, fenofibrate, prevents iron-induced oxidative stress and β-catenin signaling by chelating the iron. Sirtuin3 (Sirt3), a type of NAD+-dependent deacetylase, that plays a critical role in metabolic regulation was found to prevent ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) by normalizing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present study, we explored if fenofibrate prevents iron-induced liver injury by regulating the Sirt3 and β-catenin signaling. In vitro and in vivo iron treatment resulted in the downregulation of PPARα, Sirt3, active β-catenin, and its downstream target gene c-Myc in the mouse liver. Pharmacological activation of Sirt3, both in vitro and in vivo, by Honokiol (HK), a known activator of Sirt3, abrogated the inhibitory effect of iron overload on active β-catenin expression and prevented the iron-induced upregulation of α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and TGFβ expression. Intrinsically, PPARα knockout mice showed significant downregulation of hepatic Sirt3 levels. In addition, treatment of iron overload mice with PPARα agonist fenofibrate reduced hepatic iron accumulation and prevented iron-induced downregulation of liver Sirt3 and active β-catenin, mitigating the progression of fibrosis. Thus, our results establish a novel link between hepatic iron and PPARα, Sirt3, and β-catenin signaling. Further exploration on the mechanisms by which fenofibrate ameliorates iron-induced liver injury likely has significant therapeutic impact on iron-associated chronic liver diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hepatic intracellular iron accumulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic liver diseases. In this study, we identified a novel mechanism involved in the progression of fibrosis. Excess iron accumulation in liver caused downregulation of PPARα-Sirt3-Wnt signaling leading to fibrosis. This work has significant translational potential as PPARα agonist fenofibrate could be an attractive therapeutic drug for the treatment of liver disorders associated with iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Mandala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - William J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Austin Armstrong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Milan R Malhotra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Sanmathi Chavalmane
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kyle S McCommis
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Pratim Biswas
- Department of Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Jaya P Gnana-Prakasam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri
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25
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Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:5253-5271. [PMID: 34275087 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and also a major cause of adult disability worldwide. Revascularization via reperfusion therapy is currently a standard clinical procedure for patients with ischemic stroke. Although the restoration of blood flow (reperfusion) is critical for the salvage of ischemic tissue, reperfusion can also, paradoxically, exacerbate neuronal damage through a series of cellular alterations. Among the various theories postulated for ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, including the burst generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of autophagy, and release of apoptotic factors, mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to play an essential role in mediating these pathophysiological processes. Therefore, strict regulation of the quality and quantity of mitochondria via mitochondrial quality control is of great importance to avoid the pathological effects of impaired mitochondria on neurons. Furthermore, timely elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy is also crucial to maintain a healthy mitochondrial network, whereas intensive or excessive mitophagy could exacerbate cerebral I/R injury. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of the effect of mitochondrial quality control on cerebral I/R injury and introduce recent advances in the understanding of the possible signaling pathways of mitophagy and potential factors responsible for the double-edged roles of mitophagy in the pathological processes of cerebral I/R injury.
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26
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Zullo A, Mancini FP, Schleip R, Wearing S, Klingler W. Fibrosis: Sirtuins at the checkpoints of myofibroblast differentiation and profibrotic activity. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:650-666. [PMID: 34077595 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic diseases are still a serious concern for public health, due to their high prevalence, complex etiology and lack of successful treatments. Fibrosis consists of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components. As a result, the structure and function of tissues are impaired, thus potentially leading to organ failure and death in several chronic diseases. Myofibroblasts represent the principal cellular mediators of fibrosis, due to their extracellular matrix producing activity, and originate from different types of precursor cells, such as mesenchymal cells, epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Profibrotic activation of myofibroblasts can be triggered by a variety of mechanisms, including the transforming growth factor-β signalling pathway, which is a major factor driving fibrosis. Interestingly, preclinical and clinical studies showed that fibrotic degeneration can stop and even reverse by using specific antifibrotic treatments. Increasing scientific evidence is being accumulated about the role of sirtuins in modulating the molecular pathways responsible for the onset and development of fibrotic diseases. Sirtuins are NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylases that play a crucial role in several molecular pathways within the cells, many of which at the crossroad between health and disease. In this context, we will report the current knowledge supporting the role of sirtuins in the balance between healthy and diseased myofibroblast activity. In particular, we will address the signalling pathways and the molecular targets that trigger the differentiation and profibrotic activation of myofibroblasts and can be modulated by sirtuins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, Benevento, Italy.,CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies s.c.a.r.l. Naples, Italy
| | | | - Robert Schleip
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Fascia Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Ulm University, Germany.,Diploma University of Applied Sciences, Bad Sooden-Allendorf, Germany
| | - Scott Wearing
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Werner Klingler
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University Munich, Germany.,Fascia Research Group, Department of Neurosurgery, Ulm University, Germany.,Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesiology, SRH Hospital Sigmaringen, Germany
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27
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Mitochondrial Dynamics, ROS, and Cell Signaling: A Blended Overview. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11040332. [PMID: 33920160 PMCID: PMC8070048 DOI: 10.3390/life11040332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are key intracellular organelles involved not only in the metabolic state of the cell, but also in several cellular functions, such as proliferation, Calcium signaling, and lipid trafficking. Indeed, these organelles are characterized by continuous events of fission and fusion which contribute to the dynamic plasticity of their network, also strongly influenced by mitochondrial contacts with other subcellular organelles. Nevertheless, mitochondria release a major amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside eukaryotic cells, which are reported to mediate a plethora of both physiological and pathological cellular functions, such as growth and proliferation, regulation of autophagy, apoptosis, and metastasis. Therefore, targeting mitochondrial ROS could be a promising strategy to overcome and hinder the development of diseases such as cancer, where malignant cells, possessing a higher amount of ROS with respect to healthy ones, could be specifically targeted by therapeutic treatments. In this review, we collected the ultimate findings on the blended interplay among mitochondrial shaping, mitochondrial ROS, and several signaling pathways, in order to contribute to the dissection of intracellular molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of eukaryotic cells, possibly improving future therapeutic approaches.
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28
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Zhao B, Wang P, Yu J, Zhang Y. RETRACTED: MicroRNA-376b-5p targets SOX7 to alleviate ischemic brain injury in a mouse model through activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 270:119072. [PMID: 33482187 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Fig. 1B+C, which appear to have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0). The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. However the authors were not able to satisfactorily fulfil this request and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City 130041, Jilin Province, China.
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29
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Jin D, Wei W, Song C, Han P, Leng X. RETRACTED: Knockdown EZH2 attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via regulating microRNA-30d-3p methylation and USP22. Brain Res Bull 2021; 169:25-34. [PMID: 33388376 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief as there are concerns about the reliability of the results. Concerns have been raised about a portion of Figure 5B, ‘DMSO’ group appears to contain image similarities with Figure 4e, ‘Inhibitor NC’ group, published in Yang et al., 2021 doi: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1856498. A portion of Figure 5B, ‘DZNeP+miR-30d-3p antagomir’ group appears to contain image similarities with Figure 4e, ‘Inhibitor NC’ group, published in Yang et al., 2021. Figure 7/G western blot bands have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications as detailed here (https://pubpeer.com/publications/B26AE47AC0E71E0EF339B40893B2C2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianshi Jin
- The Affliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- The Affliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, China
| | - Chong Song
- The Affliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, China
| | - Peng Han
- The Affliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaolei Leng
- The Affliated Dalian Central Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116033 Liaoning, China
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30
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Li Y, Du L, Cheng S, Guo J, Zhu S, Wang Y, Gao H. Hypoxia exacerbates cardiomyocyte injury via upregulation of Wnt3a and inhibition of Sirt3. Cytokine 2020; 136:155237. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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31
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Chen Y, Guo S, Tang Y, Mou C, Hu X, Shao F, Yan W, Wu Q. Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission in Neuronal Death Induced by Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion and Its Clinical Application: A Mini-Review. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e928651. [PMID: 33156817 PMCID: PMC7654336 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles which are joined by mitochondrial fusion and divided by mitochondrial fission. The balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission plays a critical role in maintaining the normal function of neurons, of which the processes are both mediated by several proteins activated by external stimulation. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can disrupt the balance of mitochondrial fusion and fission through regulating the expression and post-translation modification of fusion- and fission-related proteins, thereby destroying homeostasis of the intracellular environment and causing neuronal death. Furthermore, human intervention in fusion- and fission-related proteins can influence the function of neurons and change the outcomes of cerebral I/R injury. In recent years, researchers have found that mitochondrial dysfunction was one of the main factors involved in I/R, and mitochondria is an attractive target in I/R neuroprotection. Therefore, mitochondrial-targeted therapy of the nervous system for I/R gradually started from basic study to clinical application. In the present review, we highlight recent progress in mitochondria fusion and fission in neuronal death induced by cerebral I/R to help understanding the regulatory factors and signaling networks of aberrant mitochondrial fusion and fission contributing to neuronal death during I/R, as well as the potential neuroprotective therapeutics targeting mitochondrial dynamics, which may help clinical treatment and development of relevant dugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Songxue Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yajuan Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Chaohui Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xinben Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Fangjie Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Qun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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32
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Wang Q, Wei S, Li L, Qiu J, Zhou S, Shi C, Shi Y, Zhou H, Lu L. TGR5 deficiency aggravates hepatic ischemic/reperfusion injury via inhibiting SIRT3/FOXO3/HIF-1ɑ pathway. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:116. [PMID: 33298860 PMCID: PMC7604280 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00347-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is responsible for liver injury during hepatic resection and liver transplantation. The plasma membrane-bound G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) could regulate immune response in multiple liver diseases. Nevertheless, the underlying role of TGR5 in hepatic I/R injury remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of TGR5 in hepatic I/R injury. Wild-type (WT) and TGR5 knockout (TGR5KO) mice were used to perform hepatic I/R, and macrophages were isolated from mice for in vitro experiments. The results demonstrated that knockout of TGR5 in mice significantly exacerbated liver injury and inflammatory response. TGR5KO mice infused with WT macrophages showed relieved liver injury. Further study revealed that TGR5 knockout inhibited sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) expression. In vitro experiments indicated that SIRT3 inhibited acetylation, ubiquitination and degradation of FOXO3. FOXO3 inhibited HIF-1α transcription by binding to its promoter. TGR5 knockout inhibited SIRT3 expression, thus promoted the acetylation, ubiquitination, and degradation of FOXO3, which resulted in increased HIF-1α transcription and macrophages proinflammatory response. Collectively, TGR5 plays a critical protective role in hepatic I/R injury. FOXO3 deacetylation mediated by SIRT3 can attenuate hepatic I/R injury. TGR5 deficiency aggravates hepatic I/R injury via inhibiting SIRT3/FOXO3/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wei
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengyu Shi
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoming Zhou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Research Unit of Liver Transplantation and Transplant Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China. .,Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Nanjing, China. .,School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Liu M, Li X, Huang D. Mfn2 Overexpression Attenuates Cardio-Cerebrovascular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through Mitochondrial Fusion and Activation of the AMPK/Sirt3 Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:598078. [PMID: 33195281 PMCID: PMC7644524 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.598078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are potential targets for the treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the role of the mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) protein in regulating mitochondrial fusion and cell survival has not been investigated. In the present study, an adenovirus-mediated Mfn2 overexpression assay was performed to understand the effects of Mfn2 on mitochondrial function and cell damage during cardio-cerebrovascular I/R injury. After exposure to I/R injury in vitro, the transcription and expression of Mfn2 were significantly downregulated, which correlated with decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis. By contrast, overexpression of Mfn2 significantly repressed I/R-mediated cell death through modulation of glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. Furthermore, Mfn2 overexpression improved mitochondrial fusion in cells, an effect that was followed by increased mitochondrial membrane potential, improved mitophagy, and inhibition of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Our data also demonstrated that Mfn2 overexpression was associated with activation of the AMPK/Sirt3 signaling pathway. Inhibition of the AMPK/Sirt3 pathway abolished the protective effects of Mfn2 on I/R-induced cell injury arising from mitochondrial damage. Our results indicate that Mfn2 protects against cardio-cerebrovascular I/R injury by augmenting mitochondrial fusion and activating the AMPK/Sirt3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dezhi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
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Yang S, Hu B, Wang Z, Zhang C, Jiao H, Mao Z, Wei L, Jia J, Zhao J. Cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonist ACEA alleviates brain ischemia/reperfusion injury via CB1-Drp1 pathway. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:102. [PMID: 33083022 PMCID: PMC7548964 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00338-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor induces neuroprotection against brain ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI); however, the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we used oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in neuronal cells and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced brain IRI in rats to mimic ischemic brain injury, and hypothesized that the CB1 receptor agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA) would protect ischemic neurons by inhibiting mitochondrial fission via dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1). We found that OGD/R injury reduced cell viability and mitochondrial function, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and increased cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial fission. Notably, ACEA significantly abolished the OGD/R-induced neuronal injuries described above. Similarly, ACEA significantly reversed MCAO-induced increases in brain infarct volume, neuronal apoptosis and mitochondrial fission, leading to the recovery of neurological functions. The neuroprotective effects of ACEA were obviously blocked by coadministration of the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 or by the upregulation of Drp1 expression, indicating that ACEA alleviates brain IRI via the CB1-Drp1 pathway. Our findings suggest that the CB1 receptor links aberrant mitochondrial fission to brain IRI, providing a new therapeutic target for brain IRI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zongming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liguang Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Qinzhou City, Qinzhou, China
| | - Ji Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burns, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang Q, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Luo Y, Shen Y, Shao A. Will Sirtuins Be Promising Therapeutic Targets for TBI and Associated Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:791. [PMID: 32848564 PMCID: PMC7411228 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a leading cause of morbidity worldwide, induces mechanical, persistent structural, and metabolic abnormalities in neurons and other brain-resident cells. The key pathological features of TBI include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These pathological processes persist for a period of time after TBIs. Sirtuins are evolutionarily conserved nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases and mono-ADP-ribosyl transferases. The mammalian sirtuin family has seven members, referred to as Sirtuin (SIRT) 1-7. Accumulating evidence suggests that SIRT1 and SIRT3 play a neuroprotective role in TBI. Although the evidence is scant, considering the involvement of SIRT2, 4-7 in other brain injury models, they may also intervene in similar pathophysiology in TBI. Neurodegenerative diseases are generally accepted sequelae of TBI. It was found that TBI and neurodegenerative diseases have many similarities and overlaps in pathological features. Besides, sirtuins play some unique roles in some neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, we propose that sirtuins might be a promising therapeutic target for both TBI and associated neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we review the neuroprotective effects of sirtuins on TBI as well as related neurodegeneration and discuss the therapeutic potential of sirtuin modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjie Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang K, Cheng H, Song L, Wei W. Inhibition of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma Coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α)/Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) Pathway Aggravates Oxidative Stress After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e923688. [PMID: 32447338 PMCID: PMC7266085 DOI: 10.12659/msm.923688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence shows that Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) can exert an antioxidative effect in various neurodegenerative diseases, but whether and how SIRT3 modulates neuronal death after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains to be elucidated. Materia/Methods Experimental SAH was induced in adult mice by prechiasmatic cistern injection and primary neurons by OxyHb incubation. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and SIRT3 protein levels were examined at different time points after SAH induction. The PGC-1α protein gene knockdown in vivo and in vitro was achieved by transfection of lentivirus (LV) vectors expressing shPGC-1α or negative control (NC). Western blot, oxidative stress index, histopathology, neurological function, and cell viability analysis was performed. Results Results showed that the PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway was remarkably activated in vivo and in vitro after SAH. LV-shPGC-1α treatment significantly inhibited the activation of this pathway after SAH, accompanied by deteriorated neurologic function, aggravated oxidative stress, increased neuronal apoptosis, and enhanced cytotoxicity compared with the mice or primary neurons treated with LV-NC only. Conclusions The present results highlight the detrimental PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway, involving regulation of the endogenous antioxidant activity against neuronal damage, which may provide a potential therapeutic target in SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Lihua Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Tang YN, Zhang GF, Chen HL, Sun XP, Qin WW, Shi F, Sun LX, Xu XN, Wang MS. Selective brain hypothermia-induced neuroprotection against focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with Fis1 inhibition. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:903-911. [PMID: 31719256 PMCID: PMC6990783 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.268973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective brain hypothermia is considered an effective treatment for neuronal injury after stroke, and avoids the complications of general hypothermia. However, the mechanisms by which selective brain hypothermia affects mitochondrial fission remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of selective brain hypothermia on the expression of fission 1 (Fis1) protein, a key factor in the mitochondrial fission system, during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In the sham group, the carotid arteries were exposed only. In the other three groups, middle cerebral artery occlusion was performed using the intraluminal filament technique. After 2 hours of occlusion, the filament was slowly removed to allow blood reperfusion in the ischemia/reperfusion group. Saline, at 4°C and 37°C, were perfused through the carotid artery in the hypothermia and normothermia groups, respectively, followed by restoration of blood flow. Neurological function was assessed with the Zea Longa 5-point scoring method. Cerebral infarct volume was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling staining. Fis1 and cytosolic cytochrome c levels were assessed by western blot assay. Fis1 mRNA expression was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mitochondrial ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the sham group, apoptosis, Fis1 protein and mRNA expression and cytosolic cytochrome c levels in the cortical ischemic penumbra and cerebral infarct volume were increased after reperfusion in the other three groups. These changes caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion were inhibited in the hypothermia group compared with the normothermia group. These findings show that selective brain hypothermia inhibits Fis1 expression and reduces apoptosis, thereby ameliorating focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Experiments were authorized by the Ethics Committee of Qingdao Municipal Hospital of China (approval No. 2019008).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gao-Feng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huai-Long Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Xin Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Na Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Shan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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Liu L, Chen H, Jin J, Tang Z, Yin P, Zhong D, Li G. Melatonin ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through SIRT3 activation. Life Sci 2019; 239:117036. [PMID: 31697951 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Previous literature has shown that melatonin plays a critical role in protecting against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sirtuin3(SIRT3), as one member of the sirtuin family, protects against oxidative stress-related diseases. However, the association between melatonin and SIRT3 in cerebral I/R injury is not well understood. Our experiment was planned to investigate whether melatonin protects against cerebral I/R injury through SIRT3 activation. MAIN METHODS We selected transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice as the model of cerebral I/R injury. Male C57/BL6 mice were pre-treated with or without a selective SIRT3 inhibitor and then subjected to tMCAO surgery. Melatonin (20 mg/kg) was given to mice by intraperitoneal injection after ischemia and before reperfusion. Then, we observed the changes in the SIRT3 and downstream relative proteins, infarction volume, neurological score, Nissl, H&E and TUNEL staining, and the expression of apoptosis proteins after tMCAO. KEY FINDINGS Melatonin upregulated the expression of SIRT3 after tMCAO, and alleviated the neurological dysfunction and cell apoptosis through SIRT3 activation. SIGNIFICANCE Our research proved that melatonin promoted SIRT3 expression after tMCAO and alleviated cerebral I/R injury by activating the SIRT3 signaling pathway. This study provides novel therapeutic targets and mechanisms for the treatment of ischemic stroke in the clinic, especially during cerebrovascular reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Zhanbin Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Pengqi Yin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China
| | - Di Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
| | - Guozhong Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang Province, PR China.
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Wang Z, Sun R, Wang G, Chen Z, Li Y, Zhao Y, Liu D, Zhao H, Zhang F, Yao J, Tian X. SIRT3-mediated deacetylation of PRDX3 alleviates mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101343. [PMID: 31655428 PMCID: PMC6820261 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage is critical to intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and PRDX3 is an efficient H2O2 scavenger that protects cells from mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis. However, the function of PRDX3 in intestinal I/R injury is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the precise mechanism underlying the involvement of PRDX3 in intestinal I/R injury. Methods An intestinal I/R model was established in mice with superior mesenteric artery occlusion, and Caco-2 cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) for the in vivo simulation of I/R. Results PRDX3 expression was decreased during intestinal I/R injury, and PRDX3 overexpression significantly attenuated H/R-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis in Caco-2 cells. The level of acetylated PRDX3 was clearly increased both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition of SIRTs by nicotinamide (NAM) increased the level of acetylated PRDX3 and impaired the antioxidative activity of PRDX3. Furthermore, NAM did not increase the acetylation of PRDX3 in sirtuin-3 (SIRT3)-knockdown Caco-2 cells. Importantly, PRDX3 acetylation was increased in mice lacking SIRT3, and this effect was accompanied by serious mitochondrial oxidative damage, apoptosis and remote organ damage after intestinal I/R injury. We screened potential sites of PRDX3 acetylation in the previously reported acetylproteome through immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments and found that SIRT3 deacetylates K253 on PRDX3 in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, PRDX3 with the lysine residue K253 mutated to arginine (K253R) increased its dimerization in Caco-2 cells after subjected to 12 h hypoxia and followed 4 h reoxygenation. Caco-2 cells transfected with the K253R plasmid exhibited notably less mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, and transfection of the K253Q plasmid abolished the protective effect of PRDX3 overexpression. Analysis of ischemic intestines from clinical patients further verified the correlation between SIRT3 and PRDX3. Conclusions PRDX3 is a key protective factor for intestinal I/R injury, and SIRT3-mediated PRDX3 deacetylation can alleviate intestinal I/R-induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyu Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ruimin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Deshun Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Huanyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Tian
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Ma C, Fan L, Wang J, Hao L, He J. Hippo/Mst1 overexpression induces mitochondrial death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via activating β-catenin/Drp1 pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:807-816. [PMID: 31127452 PMCID: PMC6629754 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-019-01008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) is associated with cell apoptosis. In the current study, we explored the regulatory effects of Mst1 on squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) in vitro. SCCHN Cal27 cells and Tu686 cells were transfected with adenovirus-loaded Mst1 to detect the role of Mst1 in cell viability. Then, siRNA against Drp1 was transfected into cells to evaluate the influence of mitochondrial fission in cancer survival. Our data illustrated that Mst1 overexpression promoted SCCHN Cal27 cell and Tu686 cell death via activating mitochondria-related apoptosis. Cells transfected with adenovirus-loaded Mst1 have increased expression of DRP1 and higher DRP1 promoted mitochondrial fission. Active mitochondrial fission mediated mitochondrial damage, as evidenced by increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, decreased mitochondrial energy production, and reduced mitochondrial respiratory complex function. Moreover, Mst1 overexpression triggered mitochondria-dependent cell apoptosis via DRP1-related mitochondrial fission. Further, we found that Mst1 overexpression controlled mitochondrial fission via the β-catenin/DRP1 pathways; inhibition of β-catenin and/or knockdown of DRP1 abolished the pro-apoptotic effects of Mst1 overexpression on SCCHN Cal27 cells and Tu686 cells, leading to the survival of cancer cells in vitro. In sum, our results illustrate that Mst1/β-catenin/DRP1 axis affects SCCHN Cal27 cell and Tu686 cell viability via controlling mitochondrial dynamics balance. This finding identifies Mst1 activation might be an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of SCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China.
| | - Longkun Fan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Jingxian Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Lixia Hao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China
| | - Jinqiu He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital of Hebei Province, Cangzhou, 061001, China
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Ma Q, Zhang Z, Shim JK, Venkatraman TN, Lascola CD, Quinones QJ, Mathew JP, Terrando N, Podgoreanu MV. Annexin A1 Bioactive Peptide Promotes Resolution of Neuroinflammation in a Rat Model of Exsanguinating Cardiac Arrest Treated by Emergency Preservation and Resuscitation. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:608. [PMID: 31258464 PMCID: PMC6587399 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation initiated by damage-associated molecular patterns, including high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), has been implicated in adverse neurological outcomes following lethal hemorrhagic shock and polytrauma. Emergency preservation and resuscitation (EPR) is a novel method of resuscitation for victims of exsanguinating cardiac arrest, shown in preclinical studies to improve survival with acceptable neurological recovery. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), the primary mitochondrial deacetylase, has emerged as a key regulator of metabolic and energy stress response pathways in the brain and a pharmacological target to induce a neuronal pro-survival phenotype. This study aims to examine whether systemic administration of an Annexin-A1 bioactive peptide (ANXA1sp) could resolve neuroinflammation and induce sirtuin-3 regulated cytoprotective pathways in a novel rat model of exsanguinating cardiac arrest and EPR. Adult male rats underwent hemorrhagic shock and ventricular fibrillation, induction of profound hypothermia, followed by resuscitation and rewarming using cardiopulmonary bypass (EPR). Animals randomly received ANXA1sp (3 mg/kg, in divided doses) or vehicle. Neuroinflammation (HMGB1, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-10 levels), cerebral cell death (TUNEL, caspase-3, pro and antiapoptotic protein levels), and neurologic scores were assessed to evaluate the inflammation resolving effects of ANXA1sp following EPR. Furthermore, western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were used to interrogate the mechanisms involved. Compared to vehicle controls, ANXA1sp effectively reduced expression of cerebral HMGB1, IL-6, and TNFα and increased IL-10 expression, which were associated with improved neurological scores. ANXA1sp reversed EPR-induced increases in expression of proapoptotic protein Bax and reduction in antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2, with a corresponding decrease in cerebral levels of cleaved caspase-3. Furthermore, ANXA1sp induced autophagic flux (increased LC3II and reduced p62 expression) in the brain. Mechanistically, these findings were accompanied by upregulation of the mitochondrial protein deacetylase Sirtuin-3, and its downstream targets FOXO3a and MnSOD in ANXA1sp-treated animals. Our data provide new evidence that engaging pro-resolving pharmacological strategies such as Annexin-A1 biomimetic peptides can effectively attenuate neuroinflammation and enhance the neuroprotective effects of EPR after exsanguinating cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ma
- Systems Modeling of Perioperative Organ Injury Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Zhiquan Zhang
- Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Outcomes Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jae-Kwang Shim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Christopher D Lascola
- Departments of Radiology and Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke-UNC Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Quintin J Quinones
- Systems Modeling of Perioperative Organ Injury Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Joseph P Mathew
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Niccolò Terrando
- Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Outcomes Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States.,Center for Translational Pain Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mihai V Podgoreanu
- Systems Modeling of Perioperative Organ Injury Laboratory, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
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Zhang L, Li S, Wang R, Chen C, Ma W, Cai H. Anti-tumor effect of LATS2 on liver cancer death: Role of DRP1-mediated mitochondrial division and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 114:108825. [PMID: 30981110 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2), an important mediator of the cell apoptotic response pathway, has been linked to the progression of several cancers. Here, we described the molecular feature of LATS2 as a novel antitumor factor in liver cancer cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of LATS2 and its downstream factors. ELISA, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the alterations of mitochondrial function in response to LATS2 overexpression. Adenovirus-loaded LATS2 and siRNA against DRP1 were transfected into liver cancer cells to overexpress LATS2 and knockdown DRP1 expression, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that overexpression of LATS2 was closely associated with more liver cancer cell death. Mechanistically, LATS2 overexpression increased the expression of DRP1, and DRP1 elevated mitochondrial division, an effect that was accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, mitochondrial respiratory complex downregulation, mitochondrial cyt-c release into the nucleus and mitochondrial oxidative injury. Moreover, LATS2 overexpression also initiated mitochondrial apoptosis, and this process was highly dependent on DRP1-related mitochondrial division. Molecular investigations demonstrated that LATS2 modulated DRP1 expression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway pregented LATS2-mediated DRP1 upregulation, ultimately sustaining mitochondrial function and cell viability in the presence of LATS2 overexpression. Altogether, the above data identify LATS2-Wnt/β-catenin/DRP1/mitochondrial division as a novel anticancer signaling pathway promoting cancer cell death, which might be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Province Hospital, No.204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, No.746 Zhongshan Middle Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuping Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Province Hospital, No.204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Province Hospital, No.204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changyuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, No.746 Zhongshan Middle Road, Songjiang District, Shanghai 201600, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Province Hospital, No.204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongyi Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Province Hospital, No.204 Donggang West Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Lan S, Liu J, Luo X, Bi C. Effects of melatonin on acute brain reperfusion stress: role of Hippo signaling pathway and MFN2-related mitochondrial protection. Cell Stress Chaperones 2019; 24:235-245. [PMID: 30632064 PMCID: PMC6363627 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-00960-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute brain reperfusion stress is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction through unknown mechanisms. Accordingly, there is no effective drug to control the development and progression of brain reperfusion stress currently. The aim of our investigation is to verify whether melatonin attenuates acute brain reperfusion stress via affecting mitochondrial function. Our studies demonstrated that melatonin treatment suppressed reperfusion-induced neuron death. At the molecular levels, melatonin treatment modulated mitochondrial homeostasis via activating mitochondrial fusion. At the stage of reperfusion, MFN2 expression was downregulated, contributing to mitochondrial fusion inhibition. Interestingly, MFN2-related mitochondrial fusion was reversed by melatonin. Loss of MFN2-related mitochondrial fusion abrogated the protective actions of melatonin on mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, melatonin sustained MFN2-related mitochondrial fusion via suppressing Mst1-Hippo pathway. Overexpression of Mst1 attenuated the beneficial effects of melatonin on mitochondrial fusion, evoking mitochondrial damage and neuron death in the setting of brain reperfusion stress. Taken together, our results confirmed the protective effects of melatonin on acute brain reperfusion stress. Melatonin treatment activated MFN2-related mitochondrial fusion via suppressing Mst1-Hippo pathway, finally sustaining mitochondrial function and reducing reperfusion-mediated cerebral injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jingfang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangying Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Changlong Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yao S, Yan W. Overexpression of Mst1 reduces gastric cancer cell viability by repressing the AMPK-Sirt3 pathway and activating mitochondrial fission. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:8465-8479. [PMID: 30555239 PMCID: PMC6278716 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s180851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (Mst1) plays a critical role in regulating cell survival and apoptosis. However, its influence on gastric cancer cell viability is not understood. Our study aims to explore the specific role of Mst1 in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cellular viability was measured via TUNEL staining, MTT assays, and Western blotting. Immunofluorescence was performed to observe mitochondrial fission. Mst1 overexpression assays were conducted to observe the regulatory mechanisms of Mst1 in mitochondrial fission and cell apoptosis. RESULTS The results demonstrated that Mst1 was downregulated in AGS cells when compared with GES-1 cells. However, overexpression of Mst1 reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in AGS cells. Molecular experiments showed that Mst1 overexpression mediated mitochondrial damage, as evidenced by decreased ATP production, increased ROS generation, more cyt-c translocation from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm and nucleus, and activated the caspase-9-related apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, we found that mitochondrial fission was required for Mst1-induced mitochondrial dysfunction; inhibition of mitochondrial fission sustained mitochondrial homeostasis in response to Mst1 overexpression. In addition, our data revealed that Mst1 controlled mitochondrial fission via repressing the AMPK-Sirt3 pathway. Activation of the AMPK-Sirt3 pathway negated the promoting effect of Mst1 overexpression on mitochondrial fission. CONCLUSION Altogether, our data identified Mst1 as a novel tumor-suppressive factor in promoting cell death in gastric cancer cells by triggering mitochondrial fission and blocking the AMPK-Sirt3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Nur77 promotes cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via activating INF2-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation. J Mol Histol 2018; 49:599-613. [PMID: 30298449 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-018-9798-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fragmentation drastically regulates mitochondrial homeostasis in brain illness. However, the role of mitochondrial fragmentation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury remains unclear. Nur77, a regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis, is associated with heart and liver IR injury, but its effects on mitochondrial function in cerebral IR injury has not been studied intensively. The aim of our study is to explore whether cerebral IR injury is modulated by Nur77 via modification of mitochondrial homeostasis. Our results indicated that Nur77 was upregulated in reperfused brain tissues. Genetic ablation of Nur77 reduced infarction area and promoted neuron survival under IR burden. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that Nur77 deletion protected mitochondrial function, attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress, preserved mitochondrial potential, and blocked mitochondria-related cell apoptosis. In addition, we illustrated that Nur77 mediated mitochondrial damage via evoking mitochondrial fragmentation that occurred through increased mitochondrial fission and decreased fusion. Besides, our results also demonstrated that Nur77 controlled mitochondrial fragmentation via upregulating INF2 in a manner dependent on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway; inhibition of the Wnt pathway abrogated the protective effect of Nur77 deletion on reperfused-mediated neurons. Altogether, our study highlights that the pathogenesis of cerebral IR injury is associated with Nur77 activation followed by augmented mitochondrial fragmentation via an abnormal Wnt/β-catenin/INF2 pathway. Accordingly, Nur77-dependent mitochondrial fragmentation and the Wnt/β-catenin/INF2 axis may represent novel therapeutic targets to reduce cerebral IR injury.
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Zhang Z, Yu J. Nurr1 exacerbates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via modulating YAP-INF2-mitochondrial fission pathways. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 104:149-160. [PMID: 30267803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nurr1, a nuclear transcription factor, has been linked to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in heart and kidney via modulating mitochondrial homeostasis. However, its role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion has not been defined. In the present study, we found that cerebral IRI significantly increased the expression of Nurr1 and genetic ablation of Nurr1 attenuated the infarction area and reduced the neuron apoptosis under brain IRI burden. Functional studies have demonstrated that Nurr1 induced neuron death via activating mitochondrial fission. Aberrant mitochondrial fission promoted mitochondrial membrane potential reduction, evoked cellular oxidative stress and activated caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Interestingly, Nurr1 deletion alleviated fission-mediated mitochondrial damage, sustaining mitochondrial homeostasis and favoring neuron survival. Further, we found that Nurr1 deletion modulated mitochondrial fission via preventing INF2 upregulation in a manner dependent on YAP pathways. Either pharmacological blockade of YAP pathway or overexpression of INF2 abrogated the inhibitory effect of Nurr1 deletion on mitochondrial fission, leading to neuron death via mitochondrial apoptosis. Altogether, our results report that the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with Nurr1 upregulation followed by augmented mitochondrial fission via an abnormal YAP-INF2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianbai Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, Hunan Province, China.
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Liu J, Yan W, Zhao X, Jia Q, Wang J, Zhang H, Liu C, He K, Sun Z. Sirt3 attenuates post-infarction cardiac injury via inhibiting mitochondrial fission and normalization of AMPK-Drp1 pathways. Cell Signal 2018; 53:1-13. [PMID: 30219671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial damage is involved in the pathogenesis of post-infarction cardiac injury. However, the upstream regulators of mitochondrial damage have not yet been identified. The aim of our study is to explore the role of Sirt3 in post-infarction cardiac injury with a particular focus on mitochondrial fission and AMPK-Drp1 pathways. Our results indicated that Sirt3 was downregulated in the progression of post-infarction cardiac injury. Overexpression of Sirt3 attenuated cardiac fibrosis, sustained myocardial function, inhibited the inflammatory response, and reduced cardiomyocyte death. Functional studies illustrated that chronic post-infarction cardiac injury was characterized by increased mitochondrial fission, which triggered mitochondrial oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, mitochondrial potential reduction and caspase-9 apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. However, Sirt3 overexpression attenuated mitochondrial fission and thus preserved mitochondrial homeostasis and cardiomyocyte viability. Furthermore, our results confirmed that Sirt3 repressed mitochondrial fission via normalizing AMPK-Drp1 pathways. Inhibition of AMPK activity re-activated Drp1 and thus abrogated the inhibitory effect of Sirt3 on mitochondrial fission. Altogether, our results indicate that Sirt3 enhancement could be an effective approach to retard the development of post-infarction cardiac injury via disrupting mitochondrial fission and normalizing the AMPK-Drp1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow 215000, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhao
- Transformation Medicine Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, 100853, China
| | - Qian Jia
- Transformation Medicine Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, 100853, China
| | - Jinda Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Transformation Medicine Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, 100853, China
| | - Kunlun He
- Transformation Medicine Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, 100853, China.
| | - Zhijun Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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