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Cacciatore S, Calvani R, Marzetti E, Coelho-Júnior HJ, Picca A, Fratta AE, Esposito I, Tosato M, Landi F. Predictive values of relative fat mass and body mass index on cardiovascular health in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the Longevity Check-up (Lookup) 7. Maturitas 2024; 185:108011. [PMID: 38703596 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the predictive value of relative fat mass compared to body mass index for hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heightened cardiovascular risk in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults from the Longevity Check-up 7+ cohort. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hyperlipidemia was defined as total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dL or ongoing lipid-lowering treatment. Diabetes was defined either as self-reported diagnosis or fasting blood glucose >126 mg/dL or a random blood glucose >200 mg/dL. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or requiring daily antihypertensive medications. Heightened cardiovascular risk was operationalized as having at least two of these conditions. RESULTS Analyses were conducted in 1990 participants (mean age 73.2 ± 6.0 years; 54.1 % women). Higher proportions of men than women had hypertension and diabetes, while hyperlipidemia was more prevalent in women. Receiver operating curve analysis indicated relative fat mass was a better predictor of hypertension in women and diabetes in both sexes. Body mass index performed better in predicting hyperlipidemia in women. Relative fat mass thresholds of ≥27 % for men and ≥40 % for women were identified as optimal indicators of heightened cardiovascular risk and so were used to defined high adiposity. Moderate correlations were found between high adiposity or body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and the presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and heightened cardiovascular risk, while a strong correlation was found with diabetes. Logistic regression analysis highlighted significant associations between high adiposity and increased odds of hypertension, diabetes, and heightened cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS Proposed cut-offs for relative fat mass were more reliable indices than the usual cut-offs for body mass index for identifying individuals at heightened cardiovascular risk. Our findings support the role of anthropometric measures in evaluating body composition and the associated metabolic and cardiovascular conditions in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cacciatore
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Helio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, SS100 km 18, 70100 Casamassima, Italy.
| | - Alberto Emanuele Fratta
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Esposito
- Department of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Guimarães NS, Reis MG, Tameirão DR, de Castro Cezar NO, Leopoldino AAO, Magno LAV. Factors associated with sarcopenic obesity in Brazilian adults and older people: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024. [PMID: 38868920 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized by the coexistence of the loss of muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue. Its prevalence has increased concomitantly with population aging, becoming one of the most significant challenges for public health, threatening the quality of life and the physical and mental health of the elderly population. METHODS This study estimated the prevalence and factors associated with SO among adults and the elderly in Brazil's macro-regions, utilizing MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Virtual Health Library databases. Primary outcomes included SO prevalence overall and by subgroups, with secondary outcomes identifying associated factors. RESULTS A systematic review of 33 studies with 10 266 participants up to July 2023 showed a 17% prevalence of SO (95% confidence interval: 13-21%), using a random effects meta-analysis. The Central-West region had the highest occurrence (27%). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (26%) and bioimpedance (6%) were the top diagnostic methods. Protective factors were chronic kidney disease and healthy lifestyles; risk factors included socioeconomic status, functionality, lifestyle, biochemical parameters, and comorbidities such as osteoarthritis and apnea. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of SO in Brazil is significant, emerging as a critical public health problem. It is essential to direct attention to changes in prevalence rates in the coming years, given the rising obesity trends and the absolute increase in the elderly population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; ••: ••-••.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Sernizon Guimarães
- Department of Nutrition, Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, Research Observatory in Epidemiology, Nutrition and Health (OPeNS), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcela Gomes Reis
- Department of Nutrition, Research Observatory in Epidemiology, Nutrition and Health (OPeNS), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Diego Ribeiro Tameirão
- Department of Nutrition, Research Observatory in Epidemiology, Nutrition and Health (OPeNS), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Liu C, Liu T, Deng L, Zhang Q, Song M, Shi J, Liu C, Xie H, Chen Y, Lin S, Zheng X, Zhang H, Barazzoni R, Shi H. Sarcopenic Obesity and Outcomes for Patients With Cancer. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e2417115. [PMID: 38874924 PMCID: PMC11179127 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) have recently proposed a consensus definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity (SO). Objective To implement the ESPEN-EASO diagnostic algorithm to investigate the prevalence of SO and its association with outcomes in patients with solid tumor cancers, with particular regard to associations among SO, overall survival (OS), and patient quality of life (QoL). Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with solid tumor starting in May 7, 2013, with the last follow-up on June 30, 2022. Patients with solid tumors were categorized into SO and non-SO groups according to ESPEN-EASO criteria. The primary outcome was OS and the secondary outcomes included patient QoL and risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Data were analyzed from June to December 2023. Results A total of 6790 patients were included in the study (mean [SD] age, 59.64 [10.77] years; 3489 were female [51.4%]). The prevalence of SO was 4.36% (296 of 6790) in the whole cohort and 14.98% (296 of 1976) in the subgroup with obesity. SO prevalence increased with age. During a median (IQR) follow-up period of 6.83 (5.67-7.04) years, 2103 patients died. Cox regression analysis indicated that SO was independently associated with lower OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.54; 95% CI, 1.23-1.92), which was observed in both men (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.09-2.10) and women (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.12-2.07). SO was also associated with poorer QoL and higher risk of ICU admission (odds ratio, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.06-5.29). Among the diagnostic components of SO, low hand grip strength (HGS) was the only SO component associated with poor OS (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04-1.28). Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study of SO found that SO was significantly associated with lower OS, poorer QoL, and higher risk of ICU admission. Weak HGS, 1 of the diagnostic conditions, was the only component of SO associated with OS. The ESPEN-EASO algorithm appears to be an applicable tool to identify cancer-associated SO, which represents a major clinical complication and factor associated with risk for poor outcomes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Jinyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Hailun Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqi Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hanping Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Luo Y, Wang Y, Tang S, Xu L, Zhao X, Han M, Liu Y, Xu Y, Han B. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in the older non-hospitalized population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:357. [PMID: 38649825 PMCID: PMC11036751 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04952-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenic obesity emerges as a risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes in non-hospitalized older adults, including physical disabilities, metabolic diseases, and even mortality. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigated the overall SO prevalence in non-hospitalized adults aged ≥ 65 years and assessed the sociodemographic, clinicobiological, and lifestyle factors related to SO. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for studies reporting the prevalence of SO from database inception to October 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, evaluated the study quality, and extracted the data. Both fixed- and random-effects models were used in the meta-analysis to estimate the pooled SO prevalence and perform subgroup analyses. Publication and sensitivity bias analyses were performed to test the robustness of the associations. RESULTS Among 46 studies eligible for review and a total of 71,757 non-hospitalized older adults, the combined prevalence of SO was 14% (95% CI:11-17%, I2 = 99.5%, P < 0.01). Subgroup analysis according to lifestyle factors demonstrated that the SO prevalence was 17% (95% CI: 8-29%, I2 = 99.5%, P < 0.01) in older adults without exercise habits. Regarding clinicobiological factors, older adults with a history of falls (15% [95% CI: 10-22%, I2 = 82%, P < 0.01]), two or more chronic diseases (19% [95% CI: 10-29%, I2 = 97%, P < 0.01]), functional impairment (33% [95% CI: 29-37%, I2 = 0%, P = 0.95]), cognitive impairment (35% [95% CI: 9-65%, I2 = 83%, P = 0.02]), osteoporosis (20% [95% CI: 8-35%, I2 = 96%, P < 0.01]), high fasting glucose level (17% [95% CI: 1-49%, I2 = 98%, P < 0.01]), or the use of antipsychotics (13% [95% CI: 2-28%, I2 = 0%, P = 0.32]) exhibited a higher SO prevalence. CONCLUSION SO prevalence is high among non-hospitalized older adults, especially those with functional and cognitive impairments. Thus, SO is a potential problem for the aging population; implementation of planned interventions in the community is needed to reduce the prevalence and adverse outcomes of SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Luo
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Shuao Tang
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Ludan Xu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Mengya Han
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Liu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China
| | - Binru Han
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
- Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No 45., Changchun Street, Xicheng District, 100055, Beijing, China.
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Cancela-Carral JM, Vila E, Machado I, Rodríguez G, López A, Silva B, Bezerra P. Is There a Relationship between Anthropometric Indices and Muscular, Motor, and Cardiorespiratory Components of Health-Related Fitness in Active European Older Adults? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:201. [PMID: 38397691 PMCID: PMC10888281 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The aging process induces alterations in the body, resulting in changes in both health-related fitness and specific anthropometric measures. These changes often pose health risks for older adults. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between anthropometric indices and muscular, motor, and cardiorespiratory components of health-related fitness in active European older adults. This study included 2687 European older adults, comprising 1999 women and 688 men, with an average age of 70.05 ± 5.5 years. The assessment included health-related fitness using the Senior Fitness Test and anthropometric indices, such as the body adiposity index, body mass index, conicity index, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio, among others. The results indicated that gender significantly influences the values of physical performance and anthropometric parameters, making them incomparable. The degree of correlation between anthropometric indices and muscular, motor, and cardiorespiratory components of fitness depends on each anthropometric index analysed. The anthropometric index most correlated with physical fitness performance parameters is the waist-to-height ratio (WHR), followed by the body mass index (BMI). Cardiorespiratory endurance and balance are the two physical parameters most correlated with anthropometric indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Mª Cancela-Carral
- Faculty of Education and Sports Science, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (E.V.); (A.L.)
- HealthyFit Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (I.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Elena Vila
- Faculty of Education and Sports Science, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (E.V.); (A.L.)
- HealthyFit Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (I.M.); (G.R.)
| | - Iris Machado
- HealthyFit Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (I.M.); (G.R.)
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Gustavo Rodríguez
- HealthyFit Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, 36213 Vigo, Spain; (I.M.); (G.R.)
- Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Adriana López
- Faculty of Education and Sports Science, University of Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain; (E.V.); (A.L.)
| | - Bruno Silva
- Polytechnical Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (B.S.); (P.B.)
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology—SPRINT, 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Pedro Bezerra
- Polytechnical Institute of Viana do Castelo, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal; (B.S.); (P.B.)
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology—SPRINT, 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
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Moradell A, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Fernández-García ÁI, Gusi N, Pérez-Gómez J, González-Gross M, Ara I, Casajús JA, Gómez-Cabello A, Vicente-Rodríguez G. Multicomponent Training Improves the Quality of Life of Older Adults at Risk of Frailty. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2844. [PMID: 37957989 PMCID: PMC10650749 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving a high quality of life in older adults can be difficult if they have limited physical function. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationship between baseline values and variations in body composition, fitness, and nutritional status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and to describe the effects of a 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) programme and a 4-month detraining period on HRQoL. A total of 106 participants with limited physical function were included in this study (age: 80.8 ± 5.9 years; 74 females) and were divided into two groups: control (CON) and intervention (TRAIN). HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire and a visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Information on body composition, physical fitness, Mediterranean diet adherence, and nutritional status were obtained. Healthier baseline values for body composition, fitness and nutritional status were associated with better HRQoL (explaining 23.7-55.4%). The TRAIN group showed increased HRQoL during this 6-month MCT, showing group-by-time interaction (p < 0.05) and a deleterious effect of detraining. Changes in weight, arm strength, and aerobic capacity contributed to explaining 36% of the HRQoL changes obtained with MCT (all p < 0.05). This MCT improved HRQoL in older adults with limited physical function. However, HRQoL returned to baseline values after detraining. This study highlights the importance of performing ongoing programs in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Moradell
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Iván Fernández-García
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Narcis Gusi
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- HEME Research Group, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- GENUD-Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Casajús
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Gómez-Cabello
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Defense University Center, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (D.N.-V.); (Á.I.F.-G.); (J.A.C.); (A.G.-C.)
- Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.P.-G.); (M.G.-G.); (I.A.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Fonfría-Vivas R, Pérez-Ros P, Barrachina-Igual J, Pablos-Monzó A, Martínez-Arnau FM. Assessing quality of life with SarQol is useful in screening for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older women. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:2069-2079. [PMID: 37442906 PMCID: PMC10520098 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) may be impaired in the presence of sarcopenia. Since a specific quality of life questionnaire became available for sarcopenia (SarQol), cutoffs to screen for this condition have been proposed, prompting the need to assess them in different populations. Due to the lack of consensus on diagnostic criteria, the tool has not yet been analyzed in screening for sarcopenic obesity. AIM Our aim is to measure the SarQoL's metric properties and establish a cutoff in QoL assessments that could be used along the diagnostic pathway for sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older women. METHODS This cross-sectional study assessed women aged ≥ 70 years using the SarQol, sarcopenia criteria (EWGSOP2) and sarcopenic obesity criteria (ESPEN/EASO). Cutoffs for the SarQol were defined with a receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve, and sensitivity and specificity were analyzed. RESULTS Of the 95 included women (mean age 76.0 years, standard deviation [SD] 5.7), 7.3% (n = 7) were classified as having sarcopenic obesity, 22.1% (n = 21) as having sarcopenia, and 70.5% (n = 67) as not having sarcopenia. The total SarQol score was higher in women without sarcopenia (66.5 SD 16.2) versus those with sarcopenia (56.6 SD 15.6) and sarcopenic obesity (45.1 SD 7.9). A cutoff of ≤ 60 points is proposed for sarcopenia screening (area under the ROC curve [AUC] 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53-0.80; sensitivity 61.9%; specificity 62%), and ≤ 50 points for sarcopenic obesity (AUC 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.95; sensitivity 71.4%; specificity 76.9%). CONCLUSIONS Quality of life is compromised in women with sarcopenia and especially in those with sarcopenic obesity. The SarQol could be useful in screening for these conditions, providing insight into health-related quality of life in older people with sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Fonfría-Vivas
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Av. Menendez Pelayo 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Pérez-Ros
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Av. Menendez Pelayo 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Barrachina-Igual
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Ramiro de Maetzu 14, 46900, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pablos-Monzó
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Ramiro de Maetzu 14, 46900, Torrent, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco M Martínez-Arnau
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Research Group (FROG), University of Valencia, Menéndez I Pelayo, 19, 46010, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat de Valencia, Gascó Oliag 5, 46010, Valencia, Spain
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8
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Khatoon B S, Saravanan D, Ganamurali N, Sabarathinam S. A narrative review on the impact of sarcopenic obesity and its psychological consequence in quality of life. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102846. [PMID: 37688926 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Sarcopenia is a multifactorial metabolic-mediated complication that affects most of the geriatric population physically and mentally. In this study, we intended to study the association between sarcopenia and psychologically related symptoms. Primary objective of the study is to explore the interplay between sarcopenic obesity, psychological consequences and Quality of life in the affected population. The secondary objective is to discuss the diagnostic, treatment approaches and also the role of clinical pharmacist. METHOD The psychology-related complication and sarcopenia association was enumerated in this study based on previous clinical research findings. RESULT The clinical evidence shows a strong correlation between sarcopenia and Mental health and its health consequences and reflection on the quality of life. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia induced mental disturbance has been affirmed in many studies. We believe effective right pharmacological therapy and non-pharmacological therapies with respective lifestyle modification advice could be potential vital factors that can reduce further complications in geriatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhana Khatoon B
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Divya Saravanan
- School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Nila Ganamurali
- Certificate Programme-Analytical Techniques in Herbal Drug Industry, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
| | - Sarvesh Sabarathinam
- Certificate Programme-Analytical Techniques in Herbal Drug Industry, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Drug Testing Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India; Clinical Trial Unit, Metabolic Ward, Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
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9
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Martínez-Majolero V, Urosa B, Hernández-Sánchez S, Arroyo D. The Moderating Role of Health Variables on the Association between Physical Exercise and Quality of Life in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2148. [PMID: 37570388 PMCID: PMC10419082 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientific evidence demonstrates the positive impact that physical exercise has on the quality of life (QOL) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, no study has proposed a model investigating the effect physical exercise has on the QOL of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, considering the most frequent associated diseases (diabetes/hypertension). The objectives were (1) to explore the relationship between physical exercise and the QOL of adults with ESRD, and (2) to examine the moderating and/or mediating role of relevant patient variables. This non-interventional study utilized an ex post facto retrospective data analysis design with a sample of 310 patients with ESRD through two validated questionnaires. The dependent variables were the QOL scale (KDQOL-SF), and the physical function dimension (EFFISICA). The independent variables were the regular practice of intense physical activity (DEPINTE) and the daily time (in hours) the patient is in a sedentary attitude (TiParado). The moderating variables were the clinical situation and associated diseases. The mediator variable used was the body mass index. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Findings suggest implementing intense physical activity in transplant recipients and programmes to avoid sedentary lifestyles in dialysis patients have a positive effect in the QOL of ESRD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Belén Urosa
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - David Arroyo
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain;
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10
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Gortan Cappellari G, Guillet C, Poggiogalle E, Ballesteros Pomar MD, Batsis JA, Boirie Y, Breton I, Frara S, Genton L, Gepner Y, Gonzalez MC, Heymsfield SB, Kiesswetter E, Laviano A, Prado CM, Santini F, Serlie MJ, Siervo M, Villareal DT, Volkert D, Voortman T, Weijs PJ, Zamboni M, Bischoff SC, Busetto L, Cederholm T, Barazzoni R, Donini LM. Sarcopenic obesity research perspectives outlined by the sarcopenic obesity global leadership initiative (SOGLI) - Proceedings from the SOGLI consortium meeting in rome November 2022. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:687-699. [PMID: 36947988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) launched the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) to reach expert consensus on a definition and diagnostic criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity (SO). The present paper describes the proceeding of the Sarcopenic Obesity Global Leadership Initiative (SOGLI) meeting that was held on November 25th and 26th, 2022 in Rome, Italy. This consortium involved the participation of 50 researchers from different geographic regions and countries. The document outlines an agenda advocated by the SOGLI expert panel regarding the pathophysiology, screening, diagnosis, staging and treatment of SO that needs to be prioritized for future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christelle Guillet
- University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - John A Batsis
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yves Boirie
- University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Irene Breton
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Frara
- Università Vita-Salute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Eva Kiesswetter
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center & Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dorothee Volkert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Jm Weijs
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Tommy Cederholm
- Uppsala University and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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11
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El Ghoch M, Rossi AP, Verde L, Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Savastano S, Colao A. Understanding sarcopenic obesity in young adults in clinical practice: a review of three unsolved questions. Panminerva Med 2022; 64:537-547. [PMID: 36533664 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.22.04784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aim was to summarize the available literature on three yet unsolved questions, namely: 1) the dilemma surrounding definition of sarcopenic obesity (SO), especially in young adults; 2) the potential impact of this phenotype on weight-loss programme outcomes; and 3) the strategies for optimum management (prevention/treatment) of SO in clinical practice. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A literature review using the PubMed/Medline database was conducted, and data were summarized based on a narrative approach. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Firstly, SO can be screened by the 30-sec sit-to-stand test; ≤25 and ≤21; and confirmed by the ratio of (appendicular lean mass/Body Mass Index) ≤0.789 and 0.512 in males and females, respectively. Secondly, SO is associated with impaired physical fitness, reduced resting energy expenditure and an inactive lifestyle, that seems to negatively impact on weight-management outcomes, namely increasing early dropout and difficulty in maintaining weight loss in the long term. Finally, prevention/treatment of SO in young adults must be realized through tailored lifestyle intervention (diet+exercise) to preserve and improve strength and muscle mass, even where weight loss is necessary. CONCLUSIONS Our findings have clinical implications since they may help in screening, managing and improving the weight-loss outcomes of patients with SO in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Ghoch
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Arab University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea P Rossi
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Healthy Aging Center, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Ospedale Ca' Foncello ULSS2 Treviso, Treviso, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente (C.I.B.O), Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente (C.I.B.O), Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences, Pegaso Telematic University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente (C.I.B.O), Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy -
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente (C.I.B.O), Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il benessere del paziente (C.I.B.O), Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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12
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Su YJ, Hsu CT, Liang C, Lee PF, Lin CF, Chen HT, Ho CC. Association between health-related physical fitness and self-reported health status in older Taiwanese adults. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:235. [PMID: 35313813 PMCID: PMC8939111 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02929-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is an inevitable process of life development. These physical changes may cause a decline in the functional adaptability and health of older adults. This study aims to determine if an association exists between health-related physical fitness measurements and self-reported health status in older Taiwanese adults. Methods A total of 22,389 Taiwanese adults aged 65 years or older were recruited as study participants. Demographic characteristics, life habits, anthropometric assessments, health-related physical fitness measurements, and self-reported health status from this dataset were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis. Results The results showed that there was significant association between back scratch and self-reported health status (excellent/good) (odds ratio [OR], 1.003; 95% CI 1.000–1.006) after adjusting potential confounders (gender, height, weight, body mass index, education, monthly income, marital status, smoking status, and chewing betel nuts). However, adjusted OR for unhealthy status (poor/very poor) significantly decreased for chair sit-and-reach test (OR 0.994, 95% CI 0.988–0.999). Conclusions The present study reveals significant associations between health-related physical fitness measurements and self-reported health status in older Taiwanese adults. In particular, the waist-to-hip ratio could be involved in the cognitive process of one’s subjective health status, since individuals’ perception of their physical appearance affects their self-reported health. Future researches are suggested to investigate the causality between health-related physical fitness and subjective health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jhu Su
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Chen-Te Hsu
- Department of Recreation and Sport Management, Shu Te University, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chyi Liang
- Department of Economics, Shih Hsin University, Taipei City, 116, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Yilan County, 260, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Fang Lin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ting Chen
- Physical Education Office, Ming Chuan University, Taipei City, 111, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, No. 510, Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan. .,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health and Information Technology, College of Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan. .,Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30014, Taiwan.
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13
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Donini LM, Busetto L, Bischoff SC, Cederholm T, Ballesteros-Pomar MD, Batsis JA, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Dicker D, Frara S, Frühbeck G, Genton L, Gepner Y, Giustina A, Gonzalez MC, Han HS, Heymsfield SB, Higashiguchi T, Laviano A, Lenzi A, Nyulasi I, Parrinello E, Poggiogalle E, Prado CM, Salvador J, Rolland Y, Santini F, Serlie MJ, Shi H, Sieber CC, Siervo M, Vettor R, Villareal DT, Volkert D, Yu J, Zamboni M, Barazzoni R. Definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity: ESPEN and EASO consensus statement. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:990-1000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Mo YH, Yang C, Su YD, Dong X, Deng WY, Liu BB, Yao XM, Wang XH. Prevalence and diagnostic agreement of sarcopenic obesity with different definitions among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6514238. [PMID: 35077561 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE this retrospective study aims to compare the prevalence and diagnostic agreement of sarcopenic obesity (SO) using different obesity diagnostic methods among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. METHODS SO was diagnosed with sarcopenia and obesity diagnostic methods. Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria 2019 (AWGS2019). Four widely used indicators were used to define obesity: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percent of body fat (PBF) and visceral fat area (VFA). Cohen's kappa was used to analyse the diagnosis agreement of SO between different diagnostic methods. RESULTS a total of 1,050 participants were included, including 347 men (71.3 ± 7.4 years) and 703 women (69.9 ± 7.5 years). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 25% in total participants, there was no difference between men (24.2%) and women (25.5%), (P = 0.705). With different obesity diagnostic methods, the obesity prevalence ranged from 4.1 to 42.2%, the SO prevalence was 0.1-7.9%. The diagnosis agreement of SO was poor-to-moderate (κ ranged from -0.002 to 0.682). Among the four diagnostic methods, AWGS combined with BMI had the poorest agreement (κ = -0.002 with other methods), AWGS combined with VFA had the best agreement (κ = 0.641 and 0.682 with AWGS combined with PBF and with AWGS combined with WC, respectively). CONCLUSION the prevalence of SO vary considerably and the diagnostic agreement is poor-to-moderate with non-uniform diagnostic methods. BMI has the lowest sensitivity, whereas VFA has the highest sensitivity in diagnosis of SO, and VFA has a relatively good diagnostic agreement with other diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Han Mo
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chen Yang
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi-Dong Su
- Xiangya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Dong
- The School of Nursing, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-Yu Deng
- Xiangya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bei-Bei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue-Mei Yao
- Xiangya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiu-Hua Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Donini LM, Busetto L, Bischoff SC, Cederholm T, Ballesteros-Pomar MD, Batsis JA, Bauer JM, Boirie Y, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Dicker D, Frara S, Frühbeck G, Genton L, Gepner Y, Giustina A, Gonzalez MC, Han HS, Heymsfield SB, Higashiguchi T, Laviano A, Lenzi A, Nyulasi I, Parrinello E, Poggiogalle E, Prado CM, Salvador J, Rolland Y, Santini F, Serlie MJ, Shi H, Sieber CC, Siervo M, Vettor R, Villareal DT, Volkert D, Yu J, Zamboni M, Barazzoni R. Definition and Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity: ESPEN and EASO Consensus Statement. Obes Facts 2022; 15:321-335. [PMID: 35196654 PMCID: PMC9210010 DOI: 10.1159/000521241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) is common in individuals with obesity due to metabolic changes associated with a sedentary lifestyle, adipose tissue derangements, comorbidities (acute and chronic diseases) and during the ageing process. Co-existence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass/function is referred to as sarcopenic obesity (SO), a condition increasingly recognized for its clinical and functional features that negatively influence important patient-centred outcomes. Effective prevention and treatment strategies for SO are urgently needed, but efforts are hampered by the lack of a universally established SO definition and diagnostic criteria. Resulting inconsistencies in the literature also negatively affect the ability to define prevalence as well as clinical relevance of SO for negative health outcomes. AIMS AND METHODS The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) launched an initiative to reach expert consensus on a definition and diagnostic criteria for SO. The jointly appointed international expert panel proposes that SO is defined as the co-existence of excess adiposity and low muscle mass/function. The diagnosis of SO should be considered in at-risk individuals who screen positive for a co-occurring elevated body mass index or waist circumference, and markers of low skeletal muscle mass and function (risk factors, clinical symptoms, or validated questionnaires). Diagnostic procedures should initially include assessment of skeletal muscle function, followed by assessment of body composition where presence of excess adiposity and low skeletal muscle mass or related body compartments confirm the diagnosis of SO. Individuals with SO should be further stratified into stage I in the absence of clinical complications or stage II if cases are associated with complications linked to altered body composition or skeletal muscle dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS ESPEN and EASO, as well as the expert international panel, advocate that the proposed SO definition and diagnostic criteria be implemented into routine clinical practice. The panel also encourages prospective studies in addition to secondary analysis of existing data sets, to study the predictive value, treatment efficacy and clinical impact of this SO definition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John A. Batsis
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Yves Boirie
- University of Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Dror Dicker
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Stefano Frara
- San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Clínica Universidad de Navarra, CIBEROBN, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Andrea Giustina
- San Raffaele, Vita-Salute University and IRCCS Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ho-Seong Han
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yves Rolland
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, INSERM 1027, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Hanping Shi
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cornel C. Sieber
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Mario Siervo
- University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Dorothee Volkert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- **Rocco Barazzoni,
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16
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Gao Q, Mei F, Shang Y, Hu K, Chen F, Zhao L, Ma B. Global prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4633-4641. [PMID: 34229269 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Sarcopenic obesity (SO), which refers to the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity. It can lead to physical disability, morbidity, and even mortality. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of SO in older adults. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies reporting the prevalence of SO from inception to December 2020. Two researchers independently screened the literature, evaluated study quality, and extracted data. A random-effects model was used to pool the estimates for the prevalence of SO. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regression analysis were conducted. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot and the Egger test. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata 15.0 software. RESULTS This review included 50 studies, we found that the global prevalence of SO in older adults was 11%. Subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of SO was higher among studies using diagnostic criteria of muscle mass alone (15%) to diagnose sarcopenia, using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (15%) to assess muscle mass, and those focused on age ≥ 75 years old (23%), hospitalized (16%), South Americans (21%) and North Americans (19%). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of SO among studies using body fat percentage (10%), body mass index (13%), waist circumference (16%) to diagnose obesity and in female (14%), male (10%) patients. Sensitivity analysis showed that none of the studies affected the overall pooled results. Meta-regression analysis found that publication year, geographical region, study setting, and the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia were sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicated SO affects more than one in ten older adults globally. Therefore, we should attach importance to the screening and early diagnosis of SO in older adults, then selecting appropriate interventions to reduce the occurrence of it and various adverse outcomes in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Gao
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Mei
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Shang
- The Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kaiyan Hu
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Evidence-based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
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Ho CC, Lee PF, Chen HL, Tseng CY, Hsieh XY, Chiu CH. Poor health-related physical fitness performance increases the overweight and obesity risk in older adults from Taiwan. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:170. [PMID: 33750323 PMCID: PMC7941954 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations between health-related physical fitness performance and overweight/obesity risk among Taiwanese healthy older adults. Methods A secondary dataset from the nationwide survey was applied in this study. Data from a total of 21,630 respondents aged 65–96 years were collected in this study. Demographic characteristics, life habits, perceived health status, anthropometric assessments, and health-related physical fitness measurements from this dataset were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis. Results The results indicated that overweight and obesity significantly associated with health-related physical fitness performance in the Taiwanese older adult population. In particular, the upper extremity muscular endurance scores of older adults with poor activity and physical fitness scores revealed obesity as a critical indicator of health-related physical fitness performance. Conclusions Future studies can use muscle quality or body fat classification to predict obesity in older adults, which could more precisely portray the relationship between obesity and health-related physical fitness performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Office of Physical Education Affairs, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Educational Leadership and Development, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Tseng
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Office of Physical Education Affairs, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Chiu
- Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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18
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Wagenaar CA, Dekker LH, Navis GJ. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenic overweight in the general population: The lifelines cohort study. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:4422-4429. [PMID: 33485705 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined by a relatively low muscle mass in combination with obesity. Sarcopenic obesity was first noted as a health risk in geriatric populations but has recently been recognized as a scientific and clinical priority that may extend beyond geriatric settings. Obesity is generally preceded by overweight, so the prevalence and health risks of sarcopenia in those with overweight (SOW) is of interest for preventive purposes. The aim of this study, therefore, was to assess the prevalence and determinants of SO and SOW in a general population. METHODS Participants (n = 119,494), aged 18-90 years were included from the Dutch Lifelines cohort study. Muscle mass was assessed by 24-h urine creatinine excretion and stratified for gender for analysis, and obesity was defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 and overweight ≥25 kg/m2. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to assess the relevant determinants of SO and SOW. RESULTS Respectively for men and women the prevalence of SO was 0.9% and 1.4%, and prevalence of SOW 6.5% and 6.0%. In subjects with sarcopenia, BMI was ≥25 kg/m2 in 45.5% and ≥30 kg/m2 in 6.1%. Overall females had a higher prevalence of SOW and SO in all age groups except for SOW in males between ages 40-59. Also, age was a significant determinant of SO and SOW, with a rise in prevalence as of age 50. Of all subjects with SO and SOW, respectively 82.5% and 80.4% were below the age of 70. Compared to those with no morbidities, the odds ratio of SO and SOW among participants with >3 comorbidities was 2.71 (95% CI: 1.62-4.54) and 1.33 (95% CI: 1.07-1.65) among males and 1.14 (95% CI: 0.79-1.65) and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.06-1.54) among females, independent of other determinants. Overall, an inverse association was found between SOW and SO and physical activity and macronutrient intake. CONCLUSION The results support the need for more awareness of SO beyond the field of geriatrics, in particular in subjects with comorbidities. SOW is more prevalent than SO and may provide opportunities for preventive strategies for the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn A Wagenaar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Louise H Dekker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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19
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Chen PH, Chen W, Wang CW, Yang HF, Huang WT, Huang HC, Chou CY. Association of Physical Fitness Performance Tests and Anthropometric Indices in Taiwanese Adults. Front Physiol 2020; 11:583692. [PMID: 33329032 PMCID: PMC7718011 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.583692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between physical fitness performance tests and anthropometric indices is not clear. The study aims to explore the association between physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults. This may help in monitoring anthropometric indices to improve physical fitness. Methods We recruited 2216 participants aged 23–64 years between 2014 and 2017. Physical fitness performance, including abdominal muscular endurance (60-s sit-up test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (3-min step test), was evaluated in all participants. The association of the physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), was analyzed using linear regression, with adjustments for age and gender. Results Body mass index was negatively associated with abdominal muscular endurance (p < 0.001) and cardiorespiratory endurance (p < 0.001). Neither BMI, WC, WHR, nor WHtR were significantly associated with flexibility. Abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were significantly lower in obese participants when obesity was defined using a BMI of ≥27, 30, and 35 kg/m2. Participants with central obesity that was defined as WC ≥ 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women and WHtR ≥ 0.6 had lower abdominal muscular endurance than those without central obesity. Conclusion Body mass index is associated with abdominal muscular endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance in a reverse J-shaped manner. None of the anthropometric indices are significantly associated with flexibility. Obesity defined by BMI is linked to worse physical fitness performance and obesity defined using WHtR is linked to lower abdominal muscular endurance in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hung Chen
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Wang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fei Yang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Asia University Hospital, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Post-baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.,Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Frailty and Physical Fitness in Elderly People: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2020; 51:143-160. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01361-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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21
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Meier NF, Lee DC. Physical activity and sarcopenia in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2020; 32:1675-1687. [PMID: 31625078 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01371-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is prevalent in ever growing older adult populations. AIM The aim of this study was to quantify the association between physical activity (PA), sedentary time (SED), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and strength (STR) with sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults using a standard definition of sarcopenia. METHOD This cross-sectional study examined a large group of older adults (n = 304) who provided a broad range of health, lifestyle, and socioeconomic variables. PA was assessed using a pedometer worn for 7 days. SED was assessed by survey. CRF was assessed by 400-m walk test performance. Strength (STR) was assessed by one-repetition maximum chest and leg press. The European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) definition defined 10.9% (n = 33) as sarcopenic. RESULTS PA, CRF, and STR were significantly associated with sarcopenia components (muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle function). The upper two-thirds of CRF had significantly lower odds of having sarcopenia, whereas the strongest third of STR was associated with lower odds of sarcopenia. All exposure variables had significant odds ratios associated with at least one component of sarcopenia. Joint analyses indicated additional benefit may be gained from being both active (≥ 5000 daily steps) and fit (top two-thirds), active and strong (top two-thirds), and fit and strong. DISCUSSION Overall, objectively measured PA, CRF, and STR, and self-reported SED, are associated with sarcopenia and its components. CONCLUSION Therefore, older adults who are physically active, maintain higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, upper and lower body strength, and avoid sedentary time may have significantly lower odds of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan F Meier
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Arts and Sciences, Concordia University Irvine, 1530 Concordia West, Irvine, CA, 92612, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, 103H Forker, 534 Wallace Dr., Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
| | - Duck-Chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, 103H Forker, 534 Wallace Dr., Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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22
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Critical appraisal of definitions and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic obesity based on a systematic review. Clin Nutr 2020; 39:2368-2388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Chang S, Chiu S. Effect of resistance training on quality of life in older people with sarcopenic obesity living in long‐term care institutions: A quasi‐experimental study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 29:2544-2556. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu‐Fang Chang
- Department of Nursing College of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shu‐Ching Chiu
- Department of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing & Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Nursing Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan, ROC
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24
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PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ATTENUATE THE IMPACT OF SARCOPENIC-OBESITY ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN KOREAN MEN: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY. JOURNAL OF MEN'S HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.15586/jomh.v16i2.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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25
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Koliaki C, Liatis S, Dalamaga M, Kokkinos A. Sarcopenic Obesity: Epidemiologic Evidence, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Obes Rep 2019; 8:458-471. [PMID: 31654335 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-019-00359-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review provides a comprehensive update on the definition, assessment, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical implications, and therapeutic approach of sarcopenic obesity (SO) and highlights the challenges, limitations, and knowledge gaps in SO research. RECENT FINDINGS The confluence of a rapidly aging population with rising obesity rates has led to the phenotype of SO, defined as the concurrent presence of sarcopenia and obesity. Despite efforts, a standardized definition of SO is still lacking. Its prevalence varies widely between studies, depending on population characteristics and different definitions. The major pathogenetic mechanisms include age-related changes in body composition and hormonal milieu, positive energy balance, pro-inflammatory pathways, and insulin resistance. Lifestyle interventions, including caloric restriction and physical activity, are the cornerstones of SO treatment. SO is a multifaceted syndrome with serious clinical implications. The development and implementation of effective prevention and treatment strategies is a top priority based on its dramatically increasing health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysi Koliaki
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma St, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma St, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Diabetes Center, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma St, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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Long-term Impacts of Brace Treatment for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Body Composition, Paraspinal Muscle Morphology, and Bone Mineral Density. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2019; 44:E1075-E1082. [PMID: 31261269 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A retrospective, long-term follow-up study. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the long-term impacts of brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on the musculoskeletal system. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although full-time brace treatment is the mainstay of conservative treatment for AIS, the restrictive nature of brace treatment for lumbosacral motion might negatively affect the musculoskeletal system. METHODS Of 319 patients treated nonoperatively for AIS, 80 patients completed clinical and imaging examinations. Body composition, including body fat mass, lean mass, fat percent, and muscle mass, was estimated via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine and left hip. In 73 patients, the measurement of cross-sectional area and fatty degeneration of paraspinal muscles at the superior endplate of L4 were performed using axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Patients were divided into the full-time brace (FB; >13 hours per day) and nonfull-time brace (NFB; observation, part-time bracing, or drop out from FB within a year) groups. RESULTS There were 44 patients in the FB group and 36 in the NFB group. Patients in the FB group were significantly younger at the initial visit (12.7 ± 1.3 years) and older at the final follow-up (41.5 ± 5.6 years) than those in the NFB group (14.2 ± 3.2 and 37.4 ± 7.1 years, respectively; P < 0.01). The rate of patients engaging in mild or moderate sports activity in adulthood tended to be higher in the FB group (47.7%) than in the NFB group (25%) (P = 0.11). However, there were no significant differences in body composition, paraspinal muscle morphology, and BMD between the two groups both before and after adjusting for age. CONCLUSION Full-time brace wearing during adolescence did not have any negative impacts on the musculoskeletal system in adulthood. This information will be helpful for improving the compliance of full-time bracing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4.
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Kokkeler KJE, van den Berg KS, Comijs HC, Oude Voshaar RC, Marijnissen RM. Sarcopenic obesity predicts nonremission of late-life depression. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 34:1226-1234. [PMID: 30990918 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Aging-related physiological changes like metabolic dysregulation and physical frailty are associated with depression and worsen its prognosis. Since central obesity is a key component of the metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia of physical frailty, we examined the association of sarcopenic obesity with depression cross-sectional and over time. METHODS Cohort study of depressed patients and a nondepressed comparison group. SETTING Primary and secondary mental health care. PARTICIPANTS Three hundred seventy-eight older (≥60 y) depressed patients of which 285 were followed up at 2 years and 132 nondepressed persons participating in the Netherlands Study of Depression in Older (NESDO) persons. MEASUREMENTS Sarcopenic obesity was based on predefined cutoffs for both maximum handgrip strength (assessed with a dynamometer) and waist circumference (dichotomous) as well as the product term of handgrip strength by waist circumference (dimensional). Depressive disorder according to DSM-IV-TR criteria was assessed with fully structured psychiatric interview at baseline and 2-year follow-up. RESULTS Sarcopenic obesity was more prevalent among depressed patients compared with nondepressed participants (18.9% versus 10.7%, P = 0.030). Neither the dichotomous nor dimensional operationalization of sarcopenic obesity was associated with baseline depressive disorder when adjusted for covariates. Nonetheless, among depressed patients, logistic regression showed that the interaction of handgrip strength by waist circumference was associated with remitted depression at 2-year follow-up (P = 0.044). Only among patients with a low handgrip strength, a higher waist circumference predicted nonremission. CONCLUSION Among depressed patients, sarcopenic obesity predicts nonremission of depression. Therefore, combined exercise and nutritional interventions might be effective for depressed patients with sarcopenic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitty J E Kokkeler
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, ProPersona, Wolfheze/ Ede, The Netherlands.,University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karen S van den Berg
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, St Antonius Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie C Comijs
- GGZinGeest/Department Psychiatry/Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard C Oude Voshaar
- University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Radboud M Marijnissen
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, ProPersona, Wolfheze/ Ede, The Netherlands.,University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center for Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Weight Status, Physical Fitness, and Health-Related Quality of Life among Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16132271. [PMID: 31252581 PMCID: PMC6651867 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16132271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of physical fitness (PF) on adolescents' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important health issue in China. The purpose of this study was to identify whether body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and musculoskeletal fitness (MSF) influences HRQOL among Chinese adolescents. METHOD The participants were 10,007 students (boys = 5276, 14.14 years ± 1.79; girls = 4829, 14.22 years ± 1.81) who were randomly selected from 30 secondary schools in Shandong, China. BMI, CRF, MSF, and HRQOL were measured and analyzed using ANCOVA and multiple regression. RESULTS BMI and physical fitness variables were partially associated with HRQOL in Chinese adolescents. ANCOVA showed a significant difference among BMI categories in terms of physical sense (PS), living convenience, and self-satisfaction (SS) for boys, but this difference was only seen with social activity opportunity (SAO) for girls. Multiple regression found that BMI was significantly associated with SAO. For boys, CRF was associated with the teacher and student relationship and SS, whereas MSF was only associated with PS. For girls, CRF was significantly linked with the parent and children relationship, learning capacity, and attitudes and self-perception (S-P), while MSF was associated with S-P. CONCLUSION Enforcing physical activity and enhancing PF will be a crucial pathway in improving adolescents' HRQOL in China.
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Amesberger G, Finkenzeller T, Müller E, Würth S. Aging-related changes in the relationship between the physical self-concept and the physical fitness in elderly individuals. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29 Suppl 1:26-34. [PMID: 30667568 PMCID: PMC6850752 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The paper focuses on long‐term changes in parameters of self‐perception (ie, physical self‐concept, self‐esteem, and self‐efficacy), physical activity, and its relationship to physical fitness of healthy and active old adults. The sample of 22 physically active and healthy elderly (age Mt1 = 66.00) originates in an earlier skiing intervention study following a longitudinal study design with four time points of measurement over a period of 6 years. Self‐reports on physical self‐concept (PSK), general self‐esteem and self‐efficacy, and an activity index were assessed and compared to physical fitness data (VO2max and muscle strength). Significant time effects (over 6 years) were obtained with respect to global physical self‐concept, endurance (PSK), and VO2max. Muscle strength turned out to be stable over time. The positive correlations between VO2max and the corresponding self‐concept evaluation of endurance abilities diminished across the 6 years. Self‐esteem correlated with the PSK scales and VO2max. In contrast to our expectation, self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, and activity level hardly predicted changes in the PSK scales, VO2max, and physical strength. Although VO2max and some parameters of the physical self‐concept declined over the 6 years, results indicate that physical self‐concept, self‐esteem, self‐efficacy, physical fitness, and physical activity display a complex pattern. The decrease in self‐perception measured by the correlation of PSK and physical fitness suggests that self‐concept of old adults is not sensitive to changes in physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Amesberger
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Thomas Finkenzeller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Erich Müller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
| | - Sabine Würth
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Hallein, Austria
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Charmas M, Gromisz W. Effect of 12-Week Swimming Training on Body Composition in Young Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030346. [PMID: 30691153 PMCID: PMC6388213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background: Systematic physical activity can permanently prevent disadvantageous developments in the human body. This is very important especially for women, for whom the maintenance of a lean body in good shape is sometimes a primary consideration. However, in most cases, this activity is taken randomly and does not produce the desired effects such as reducing body fat. The purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in female body composition induced by 12 weeks of swimming training compared to sedentary controls. Methods: Training sessions occurred three times per week (60 min/session). Height, body mass, and waist/hip circumference and waist/hips ratio (WHR) were measured. Body cell mass (BCM), total body water (TBW), extracellular (ECW) and intracellular water (ICW), fat mass (FM), lean mass (FFM), and muscle mass (MM) were measured using bioelectrical impedance (pre/post). Results: Training elicited decreases in hip circumference and increase in WHR. No changes were recorded in BCM, TBW, ECW, ICW, FM, FFM, and MM. Controls experienced decreases in values of BCM, ICW, and MM and increases in ECW. Conclusion: The applied swimming training did not significantly affect the body composition parameters. Inactivity also triggered a tendency toward unhealthy movement of water from the intracellular to extracellular space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Charmas
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport in Biała Podlaska, Josef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 2 Akademicka Str., 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland.
| | - Wilhelm Gromisz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport in Biała Podlaska, Josef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 2 Akademicka Str., 21-500 Biała Podlaska, Poland.
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Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in combination with sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength or physical function) is increasing in adults aged 65 years and older. A major subset of adults over the age of 65 is now classified as having sarcopenic obesity, a high-risk geriatric syndrome predominantly observed in an ageing population that is at risk of synergistic complications from both sarcopenia and obesity. This Review discusses pathways and mechanisms leading to muscle impairment in older adults with obesity. We explore sex-specific hormonal changes, inflammatory pathways and myocellular mechanisms leading to the development of sarcopenic obesity. We discuss the evolution, controversies and challenges in defining sarcopenic obesity and present current body composition modalities used to assess this condition. Epidemiological surveys form the basis of defining its prevalence and consequences beyond comorbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies, and the evidence supporting them, are outlined, with a focus on calorie restriction, protein supplementation and aerobic and resistance exercises. We also describe weight loss-induced complications in patients with sarcopenic obesity that are relevant to clinical management. Finally, we review novel and potential future therapies including testosterone, selective androgen receptor modulators, myostatin inhibitors, ghrelin analogues, vitamin K and mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Sections of General Internal Medicine and Weight and Wellness, and the Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, The Health Promotion Research Center and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Dennis T Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity, a chronic condition, is today a major public health problem with increasing prevalence worldwide, which is due to progressively aging populations, the increasing prevalence of obesity, and the changes in lifestyle during the last several decades. Patients usually present to healthcare facilities for obesity and related comorbidities (type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) or for non-specific symptoms related to sarcopenia per se (e.g., fatigue, weakness, and frailty). Because of the non-specificity of the symptoms, sarcopenic obesity remains largely unsuspected and undiagnosed. The pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity is multifactorial. There is interplay between aging, sedentary lifestyle, and unhealthy dietary habits, and insulin resistance, inflammation, and oxidative stress, resulting in a quantitative and qualitative decline in muscle mass and an increase in fat mass. Myokines, including myostatin and irisin, and adipokines play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenic obesity. It has been suggested that a number of disorders affecting metabolism, physical capacity, and quality of life may be attributed to sarcopenic obesity, although it is not as yet established whether sarcopenia and obesity act synergistically. There is to date no approved pharmacological treatment for sarcopenic obesity. The cornerstones of its management are weight loss and adequate protein intake combined with exercise, the latter in order to reduce the loss of muscle mass observed during weight loss following diet unpaired with exercise. A consensus on the definition of sarcopenic obesity is considered essential to facilitate the performance of mechanistic studies and clinical trials aimed at deepening our knowledge, thus enabling improved management of affected individuals in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- First Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 13 Simou Lianidi, 551 34, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Andrew N Margioris
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Öztürk ZA, Türkbeyler İH, Abiyev A, Kul S, Edizer B, Yakaryılmaz FD, Soylu G. Health-related quality of life and fall risk associated with age-related body composition changes; sarcopenia, obesity and sarcopenic obesity. Intern Med J 2018; 48:973-981. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynel Abidin Öztürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - İbrahim Halil Türkbeyler
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Azer Abiyev
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Seval Kul
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Bahadır Edizer
- Faculty of Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Funda Datli Yakaryılmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
| | - Gülçimen Soylu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine; Gaziantep University; Gaziantep Turkey
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Chiu SC, Yang RS, Yang RJ, Chang SF. Effects of resistance training on body composition and functional capacity among sarcopenic obese residents in long-term care facilities: a preliminary study. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:21. [PMID: 29357826 PMCID: PMC5778732 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aging-related loss of muscle and strength with increased adiposity is prevalent among older people in long-term care (LTC) facilities. Studies have shown that people with sarcopenic obesity (SO) are at high risk of declining physical performance. At present, no interventional studies on residents with SO in nursing homes have been conducted in the literature. The objectives of this study include appraising the changes in body composition and physical performance following resistance training among residents with SO in LTC facilities. Methods This study used a quasiexperimental research design. Residents who are 60 years of age or above and have been living a sedentary lifestyle in LTC facilities for the past 3 months will be eligible for inclusion. The intervention group engaged in chair muscle strength training twice a week for 12 weeks, whereas the control group underwent the usual care. The main variables were physical parameters of being lean and fat, the strength of grip and pinch, and a functional independence measure using descriptive analysis, chi-squared test, t-test, and generalized estimating equation for statistical analysis through SPSS. Results A total of 64 respondents with SO completed the study. After training, total grip strength (p = 0.001) and total pinch strength (p = 0.014) of the intervention group differed significantly from those of the control group. The right grip strength of the intervention group increased by 1.71 kg (p = 0.003) and the left grip strength improved by 1.35 kg (p = 0.028) compared with baseline values. The self-care scores of the intervention group increased by 2.76 points over baseline scores, particularly for the action of dressing oneself. Although grip strength and self-care scores improved more among those in the intervention group, body fat and skeletal muscle percentages did not differ significantly between the groups after training (p > 0.05). Conclusions Resistance exercises for elderly residents in LTC facilities may play an important role in helping them maintain physical well-being and improve muscle strength. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT02912338. Retrospectively registered on 09/21/2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ching Chiu
- Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Rong-Sen Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Taiwan University & Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Rea-Jeng Yang
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming Te Road, Pei-Tou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Fang Chang
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming Te Road, Pei-Tou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Olsson SJG, Ekblom-Bak E, Ekblom B, Kallings LV, Ekblom Ö, Börjesson M. Association of perceived physical health and physical fitness in two Swedish national samples from 1990 and 2015. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:717-724. [PMID: 28675760 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Perceived health and physical fitness have been shown to correlate, and low levels of either variable increase the risk for future illness and mortality. However, risk factors and their interrelationship may vary between societies and over time. In this study, the associations of physical fitness and perceived health were therefore assessed in two Swedish national samples 25 years apart. Perceived physical health, dichotomized as "good" or "bad," maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), counter movement jump (CMJ), balance (one-legged 60 second stance), and self-reported demographics and lifestyle were recorded in two cross-sectional samples (sample size, number of eligible participants) of Swedish adults, aged 20-65 years, in 1990-1991 (2203, 1365), and 2013-2015 (3357, 422). The odds for good perceived physical health increased by 5% per mL·kg-1 ·min-1 of VO2 max, 3% per cm CMJ height, and decreased by 4% per 1 time of overbalancing, in both samples. Mutually adjusted regression models showed that perceived physical health was best predicted by VO2 max and chronic illness in 1990 and by age, BMI, and educational level in 2015. CONCLUSION Perceived physical health was related to physical fitness in two samples of Swedish adults from 1990 and 2015. However, multivariate and mutually adjusted models indicate that the most important covariates of perceived physical health may have changed from VO2 max and chronic illness in 1990, to age, BMI, and educational level in 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J G Olsson
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Ekblom-Bak
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Ekblom
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L V Kallings
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ö Ekblom
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Börjesson
- Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Sport Science, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Sport Science, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Beaudart C, Reginster JY, Geerinck A, Locquet M, Bruyère O. Current review of the SarQoL®: a health-related quality of life questionnaire specific to sarcopenia. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2017; 17:335-341. [DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2017.1360768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Beaudart
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Anton Geerinck
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Médéa Locquet
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Bruyère
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Moreno-Vecino B, Arija-Blázquez A, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Gómez-Cabello A, Alegre LM, Pérez-López FR, González-Gross M, Casajús JA, Ara I. Sleep disturbance, obesity, physical fitness and quality of life in older women: EXERNET study group. Climacteric 2017; 20:72-79. [DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2016.1264934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Moreno-Vecino
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - A. Arija-Blázquez
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - A. Gómez-Cabello
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Zaragoza, Spain
- GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - L. M. Alegre
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - F. R. Pérez-López
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, and Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. González-Gross
- ImFINE Research Group, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - I. Ara
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
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Powell M, Lara J, Mocciaro G, Prado CM, Battezzati A, Leone A, Tagliabue A, de Amicis R, Vignati L, Bertoli S, Siervo M. Association between ratio indexes of body composition phenotypes and metabolic risk in Italian adults. Clin Obes 2016; 6:365-375. [PMID: 27869360 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The ratio between fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) has been used to discriminate individual differences in body composition and improve prediction of metabolic risk. Here, we evaluated whether the use of a visceral adipose tissue-to-fat-free mass index (VAT:FFMI) ratio was a better predictor of metabolic risk than a fat mass index to fat-free mass index (FMI:FFMI) ratio. This is a cross-sectional study including 3441 adult participants (age range 18-81; men/women: 977/2464). FM and FFM were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and VAT by ultrasonography. A continuous metabolic risk Z score and harmonised international criteria were used to define cumulative metabolic risk and metabolic syndrome (MetS), respectively. Multivariate logistic and linear regression models were used to test associations between body composition indexes and metabolic risk. In unadjusted models, VAT:FFMI was a better predictor of MetS (OR 8.03, 95%CI 6.69-9.65) compared to FMI:FFMI (OR 2.91, 95%CI 2.45-3.46). However, the strength of association of VAT:FFMI and FMI:FFMI became comparable when models were adjusted for age, gender, clinical and sociodemographic factors (OR 4.06, 95%CI 3.31-4.97; OR 4.25, 95%CI 3.42-5.27, respectively). A similar pattern was observed for the association of the two indexes with the metabolic risk Z score (VAT:FFMI: unadjusted b = 0.69 ± 0.03, adjusted b = 0.36 ± 0.03; FMI:FFMI: unadjusted b = 0.28 ± 0.028, adjusted b = 0.38 ± 0.02). Our results suggest that there is no real advantage in using either VAT:FFMI or FMI:FFMI ratios as a predictor of metabolic risk in adults. However, these results warrant confirmation in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Powell
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - J Lara
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - G Mocciaro
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - C M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - A Battezzati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, (ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - A Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, (ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - A Tagliabue
- Human Nutrition and Eating Disorders Research Centre, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - R de Amicis
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, (ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - L Vignati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, (ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - S Bertoli
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status, (ICANS Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - M Siervo
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Aggio DA, Sartini C, Papacosta O, Lennon LT, Ash S, Whincup PH, Wannamethee SG, Jefferis BJ. Cross-sectional associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older men. Prev Med 2016; 91:264-272. [PMID: 27575317 PMCID: PMC5061552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated associations between objectively measured physical activity (PA) with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older British men. Participants were men aged 70-92years (n=1286) recruited from UK Primary Care Centres. Outcomes included (i) sarcopenia, defined as low muscle mass (lowest two fifths of the mid-upper arm muscle circumference distribution) accompanied by low muscular strength (hand grip strength <30kg) or low physical performance (gait speed≤0.8m/s); (ii) severe sarcopenia, required all three conditions; (iii) sarcopenic obesity defined as sarcopenia or severe sarcopenia and a waist circumference of >102cm. Independent variables included time spent in PA intensities measured by GT3x accelerometers, worn during one week in 2010-12. Multinomial regression models were used for cross-sectional analyses relating PA and sarcopenia. In total, 14.2% (n=183) of men had sarcopenia and a further 5.4% (n=70) had severe sarcopenia. 25.3% of sarcopenic or severely sarcopenic men were obese. Each extra 30min per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was associated with a reduced risk of severe sarcopenia (relative risk [RR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30, 0.93) and sarcopenic obesity (RR 0.47 [95% CI 0.27, 0.84]). Light PA (LPA) and sedentary breaks were marginally associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenic obesity. Sedentary time was marginally associated with an increased risk of sarcopenic obesity independent of MVPA (RR 1.18 [95% CI 0.99, 1.40]). MVPA may reduce the risk of severe sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among older men. Reducing sedentary time and increasing LPA and sedentary breaks may also protect against sarcopenic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Aggio
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, UK.
| | - Claudio Sartini
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, UK
| | - Olia Papacosta
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Lucy T Lennon
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Sarah Ash
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London. SW17 0RE, UK
| | - S Goya Wannamethee
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, UK
| | - Barbara J Jefferis
- UCL Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, UK
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Lee DC, Shook RP, Drenowatz C, Blair SN. Physical activity and sarcopenic obesity: definition, assessment, prevalence and mechanism. Future Sci OA 2016; 2:FSO127. [PMID: 28031974 PMCID: PMC5137918 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2016-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenic obesity is the coexistance of sarcopenia and obesity. Modern sarcopenia definition includes low muscle mass, weak muscle strength (handgrip strength) and poor physical function (slow walking), although the clinical definition of each varies worldwide. The cut-points for low muscle mass for men and women using appendicular lean mass divided by height (kg/m2) are ≤7.0 and ≤5.4 in Asians, and ≤7.23 and ≤5.67 in Caucasians, respectively. The cut-points for weak handgrip strength (kg) for men and women are <26 and <18 in Asians, and <30 and <20 in Caucasians, respectively. The cut-point for slow walking is ≤0.8 m/s in men and women. Current data suggest the potential benefits of physical activity and fitness on sarcopenic obesity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duck-chul Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Robin P Shook
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Human Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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41
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Dietary protein intake is associated with better physical function and muscle strength among elderly women. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1281-91. [PMID: 26857389 DOI: 10.1017/s000711451600012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary protein intake might be beneficial to physical function (PF) in the elderly. We examined the cross-sectional and prospective associations of protein intake of g/kg body weight (BW), fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) with PF in 554 women aged 65·3-71·6 years belonging to the Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Fracture Prevention Study. Participants filled a questionnaire on lifestyle factors and 3-d food record in 2002. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and PF measures were performed at baseline and at 3-year follow-up. Sarcopaenia was defined using European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria. At the baseline, women with higher protein intake (≥ 1·2 g/kg BW) had better performance in hand-grip strength/body mass (GS/BM) (P=0·001), knee extension/BM (P=0·003), one-leg stance (P=0·047), chair rise (P=0·043), squat (P=0·019), squat to the ground (P=0·001), faster walking speed for 10 m (P=0·005) and higher short physical performance battery score (P=0·004) compared with those with moderate and lower intakes (0·81-1·19 and ≤ 0·8 g/kg BW, respectively). In follow-up results, higher protein intake was associated with less decline in GS/BM, one-leg stance and tandem walk for 6 m over 3 years. Overall, results were no longer significant after controlling for FM. Associations were detected between protein intake and PF in non-sarcopaenic women but not in sarcopaenic women, except for change of GS (P=0·037). Further, FM but not LM was negatively associated with PF measures (P<0·050). This study suggests that higher protein intake and lower FM might be positively associated with PF in elderly women.
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Poggiogalle E, Lubrano C, Sergi G, Coin A, Gnessi L, Mariani S, Lenzi A, Donini LM. Sarcopenic Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adult Caucasian Subjects. J Nutr Health Aging 2016; 20:958-963. [PMID: 27791227 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recently metabolic aspects linked to sarcopenic obesity (SO) were investigated. Extant studies involved especially older people from Asian or White-mixed American cohorts. THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY WERE to explore the prevalence of sarcopenia in Caucasian adult obese subjects using two different indices of sarcopenia, and to investigate the relationship among SO, metabolic syndrome (MS), inflammation, and serum albumin concentrations. DESIGN Cross- sectional study. SUBJECTS/METHODS The study was performed from 2011 to 2014 in a hospitalized care setting. Inclusion criteria were: age>18 and <65 years, BMI≥30 Kg/m2. Fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) were assessed by DXA. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) was calculated. Sarcopenia was defined as ASMM/height2 or ASMM/weight <2SD than the sex-specific mean of a young population. The cutoffs were ASMM/h2<6.54 Kg/m2 for men and 4.82 Kg/m2 for women, and ASMM/weight<0.2827 for men and 0.2347 for women. ISI-Matsuda was calculated. MS was diagnosed (NCEP-ATPIII). RESULTS 727 subjects (age: 45.72±13.56 years, BMI: 37.74±5.82 kg/m2) were enrolled. The prevalence of SO was 1.0% or 34.8% in men and 0.6% or 50.1% in women, using ASMM/height2 ratio or ASMM/weight. Subjects with SO based on ASMM/height2 were scarce, only data relying on ASMM/weight were considered. Subjects with SO had higher BMI, waist circumference, FM, and lower FFM and ASMM than nonsarcopenic obese individuals (all p<0.05). ISI-Matsuda was lower and hs-CRP levels were higher in subjects with SO (all p<0.05). MS was more prevalent in subjects with SO than nonsarcopenic obese subjects (47.6% vs 34.3%, p<0.001). ASMM/weight was decreased in subjects with MS (0.2522±0.0410 vs 0.2423±0.0352, p=0.001). CONCLUSION SO is associated with MS and low- grade inflammation in adult Caucasian subjects. Metabolic profile evaluation should be recommended in subjects with SO.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Poggiogalle
- Dr Eleonora Poggiogalle, MD, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Section, Food Science and Human Nutrition Research Unit, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5- 00185 Rome, Italy, phone: +39 064991 0996, fax: +39 06 4991 0699, email address:
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Molino S, Dossena M, Buonocore D, Verri M. Sarcopenic Obesity: An Appraisal of the Current Status of Knowledge and Management in Elderly People. J Nutr Health Aging 2016; 20:780-8. [PMID: 27499312 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-015-0631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Today's increased life expectancy highlights both age-related changes in body composition and a higher prevalence of obesity. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is assuming a prominent role in cardio-metabolic risk because of the double metabolic burden derived from low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and excess adiposity (obesity). This review evaluates the related studies that have been published over the past 10 years in order to give an updated overview of this new syndrome. There is no consensus on the definition of SO due to the wide heterogeneity of diagnostic criteria and choice of body composition components needed to assess this phenotype. There is a growing body of evidence that the ethio-pathogenesis of SO is complex and multi-factorial, as the consequences are a combination of the outcomes of both sarcopenia and obesity, where the effects are maximised. In order to manage SO, it is important to make lifestyle changes that incorporate weight loss, physical exercise and protein supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Molino
- Dr. Manuela Verri, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Università degli Studi di Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100 Pavia, Italy, Tel.: +39-0382-986423, fax: +39-0382-986385, e-mail:
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Associations between obesity, physical fitness, and urinary incontinence in non-institutionalized postmenopausal women: The elderly EXERNET multi-center study. Maturitas 2015; 82:208-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Yang CW, Li CI, Li TC, Liu CS, Lin CH, Lin WY, Lin CC. Association of Sarcopenic Obesity with Higher Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Chinese Older Males--A Community-Based Study (Taichung Community Health Study-Elderly, TCHS-E). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132908. [PMID: 26177029 PMCID: PMC4503458 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity and sarcopenia is high among the elderly. The simultaneous occurrence of these two disorders results in sarcopenic obesity. Research suggests that inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity and sarcopenia. This study explores the impact of sarcopenic obesity on inflammatory markers, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). This study is a community-based cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of 844 community-dwelling people aged 65 years and older (448 men and 396 women). Sarcopenia was characterized by low muscle mass (skeletal muscle index < 6.87 and 5.46 kg/m2 for men and women, respectively), and obesity was characterized by excess body fat (body fat percentage greater than the 60th percentile of the study sample by sex [27.82% in men and 37.61% in women]). Older individuals identified with sarcopenic obesity were those who had both sarcopenia and obesity. Inflammatory markers such as IL-6, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were measured. The prevalence rates of obesity only, sarcopenia only, and sarcopenic obesity were 32.94%, 11.85%, and 7.23%, respectively. No difference was observed in the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α among the four groups of combined sarcopenia and obesity status. After multivariate adjustment, the serum hs-CRP levels in the obesity only and in the sarcopenic obesity groups were 0.14 and 0.16 mg/dL among males, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in the normal group (P=0.012 and 0.036). Our results provide evidence that obesity and sarcopenic obesity are associated with increased levels of serum hs-CRP among males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Wei Yang
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ing Li
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsueh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuan Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Aging, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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