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Lavelle MA, Knopp M, Gunther CW, Hopkins LC. Youth and Peer Mentor Led Interventions to Improve Biometric-, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Psychosocial-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:2658. [PMID: 37375562 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of youth (older) and peer (same age) mentor-led interventions to improve nutrition and physical activity has been an emerging trend in recent years. This systematic review is intended to synthesize the effectiveness of these intervention programs on participants and mentors based on biometric, nutrition, physical activity, and psychosocial outcomes of youth and peer mentor-led interventions among children and adolescents. Online databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar, were searched, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. A three-step screening process was used to meet the proposed eligibility criteria, and the risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was used to assess bias for the included studies. Nineteen unique intervention programs and twenty-five total studies were deemed eligible when considering the criteria required for review. Multiple studies demonstrated positive evidence of the biometric and physical activity outcomes that were considered significant. The findings regarding the nutritional outcomes across the included studies were mixed, as some studies reported significant changes in eating habits while others did not find a significant change. Overall, the utilization of youth and peer mentor-led models in nutrition- and physical-activity-related interventions may be successful in overweight and obesity prevention efforts for those children and adolescents receiving the intervention and the youths and peers leading the interventions. More research is needed to explore the impact on the youths and peers leading the interventions and disseminating more detailed implementation strategies, e.g., training mentors would allow for advancements in the field and the replicability of approaches. Terminology: In the current youth- and peer-led nutrition and physical activity intervention literature, a varying age differential exists between the targeted sample and the peers, and varying terminology with regards to how to name or refer to the youth. In some instances, the youth mentors were individuals of the same grade as the target sample who either volunteered to serve in the peer role or were selected by their fellow students or school staff. In other cases, the youth mentors were slightly older individuals, either in high school or college, who were selected based upon their experience, leadership skills, passion for the project, or demonstration of healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A Lavelle
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Education and Health Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, OH 44017, USA
| | - Miriam Knopp
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carolyn W Gunther
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Laura C Hopkins
- Department of Public Health and Prevention Science, College of Education and Health Sciences, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, OH 44017, USA
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Joseph HL, Kuperminc GP. A brief report on peer influence in group mentoring: A source of peer contagion or prosocial behavior change? J Community Psychol 2022; 50:1224-1237. [PMID: 34874572 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Group mentoring programs foster supportive relationships and constructive feedback between mentors and peers. Given the power of peer influence to promote adaptive or harmful outcomes, it is important to evaluate peer influence in group mentoring. This study examined whether a history of negative behavior among peers in mentoring groups exacerbated individual participants' behavior problems. Using a sample of 239 ninth grade participants in a group mentoring program, multilevel regression assessed group-level influence on suspensions and truancy using school administrative data records. The association between exposure to peers with a history of problem behaviors and outcomes did not reach statistical significance for either outcome. The results suggest that grouping youth with a history of poor attendance and suspensions did not inherently increase the risk for either outcome. Further evaluation of potential peer contagion effects and publication of nonsignificant results will help build literature to determine the likelihood of harmful outcomes for group mentoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L Joseph
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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3
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Jelalian E, Evans W, Darling KE, Seifer R, Vivier P, Goldberg J, Wright C, Tanskey L, Warnick J, Hayes J, Shepard D, Tuttle H, Elwy AR. Protocol for the Rhode Island CORD 3.0 Study: Adapting, Testing, and Packaging the JOIN for ME Family-Based Childhood Obesity Program in Low-Income Communities. Child Obes 2021; 17:S11-S21. [PMID: 34569839 PMCID: PMC8575054 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Overweight and obesity in children is a public health crisis in the United States. Although evidence-based interventions have been developed, such programs are difficult to access. Dissemination of evidence-based pediatric weight management interventions (PWMIs) to families from diverse low-income communities is the primary objective of the CDC Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) projects. Methods: The goal of the Rhode Island CORD 3.0 project is to adapt the evidence-based PWMI, JOIN for ME, for delivery among diverse families from low-income backgrounds and to test it in a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial design in which the aims are to examine implementation and patient-centered outcomes. Children between the ages of 6 and 12 years with BMI ≥85th percentile and a caregiver will be recruited through two settings, a federally qualified health center, which serves as a patient-centered medical home, or low-income housing. Dyads will receive a remotely delivered group-based intervention that is 10 months in duration and includes 16 weekly sessions, followed by 4 biweekly and 4 monthly meetings. Assessments of child and caregiver weight status and child health-related quality of life will be conducted at baseline, and at 4 and 10 months after the start of intervention. Implementation outcomes assessing intervention acceptability, adoption, feasibility, fidelity, and penetration/reach will be collected to inform subsequent dissemination. Conclusions: If the adapted version of the JOIN for ME intervention can be successfully implemented and is shown to be effective, this project will provide a model for a scalable PWMI for families from low-income backgrounds. ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT04647760.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa Jelalian
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Address correspondence to: Elissa Jelalian, PhD, Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, 196 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
| | - Whitney Evans
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Katherine E. Darling
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ronald Seifer
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Vivier
- School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jeanne Goldberg
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Wright
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer Warnick
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jacqueline Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,The Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Donald Shepard
- Heller School of Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | - A. Rani Elwy
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
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Kaufman MR, Casella A, Wiginton JM, Xu W, DuBois DL, Arrington-Sanders R, Simon J, Levine D. Mentoring Young African American Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men on Sexual Health: Formative Research for an HIV Mobile Health Intervention for Mentors. JMIR Form Res 2020; 4:e17317. [PMID: 33331822 PMCID: PMC7775199 DOI: 10.2196/17317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women bear a disproportionate burden of HIV. Young MSM account for 75% of this burden for youth. When youths lack socially protective resources such as strong networks of adults, including parents, teachers, or community members, mentors may play a critical role in promoting health behaviors. This is especially true for youth at risk for HIV, such as African American youth with sexual and gender minority (SGM) identities. In the past decade, natural mentoring and mentoring programs have proliferated as a key prevention and intervention strategy to improve outcomes for young people at risk for poor academic, social, and health issues. Mentors appear to be able to facilitate health promotion among young SGM by modeling healthy behaviors; however, mentors' knowledge and resource needs regarding sexual health topics including HIV are understudied, as is the potential role of mobile technology in enhancing mentoring relationships and the ability of mentors to learn about sensitive issues faced by youth. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to explore how mentoring plays a role in the sexual health of African American SGM youth and understand how mentoring relationships can be strengthened through mobile technology to promote youth HIV prevention behaviors. METHODS In-depth interviews were conducted with African American SGM youth mentees (n=17) and mentors (n=20) to such youths in 3 Mid-Atlantic cities. Mentee interviews focused on discussions regarding sexual health and HIV and how a mentor could broach such topics. Mentor interviews explored whether sexual health and HIV are currently mentoring topics, mentors' knowledge and confidence in mentoring on these issues, and barriers to discussions. All participants were asked if a mobile app could help facilitate mentoring on sensitive health issues, particularly HIV and sexual health. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for relevant themes. RESULTS Sexual health was a common topic in mentoring relationships, occurring more in natural mentorships than in mentoring program pairs. Mentors and mentees felt positive about such discussions. Mentors expressed having limited knowledge beyond condom use and HIV testing, and expressed a need for more complete resources. Both mentors and mentees had mixed comfort levels when discussing sexual health. Sufficient trust and shared lived experiences made discussions easier. Mentees have multifaceted needs; however, mentors stated that an app resource that provided self-training, resources, support from other mentors, and tips for better mentoring could prove beneficial. CONCLUSIONS For the African American SGM community, access to natural mentors is crucial for young people to learn healthy behaviors. A mobile resource to assist mentors in confidently having discussions with mentees may be a promising way to promote healthy practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Kaufman
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Albert Casella
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - John Mark Wiginton
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Sociology & Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - David L DuBois
- Division of Community Health Sciences and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | | | - Deb Levine
- DKF Consulting, Oakland, CA, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we critically examined recent evidence pertaining to the efficacy of peer-delivered physical activity interventions. RECENT FINDINGS Peer-delivered interventions appear to represent an efficacious, although under-utilized, means of promoting health-enhancing physical activity, among diverse populations across the lifespan, and in different settings. Nevertheless, research has largely failed to identify the salient behaviors/strategies of peer leaders that can promote behavior change among target populations, as well as explanatory mechanisms (i.e., mediators) of intervention effects. Balanced against recent evidence for the efficacy of peer-delivered interventions to promote physical activity, work in this area appears impeded by an absence of peer-centric explanatory frameworks and theory that may optimize both intervention delivery and efficacy/effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Hulteen
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium, Room 122, 6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Katrina J Waldhauser
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium, Room 122, 6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, War Memorial Gymnasium, Room 122, 6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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Calvert S, Dempsey RC, Povey R. Delivering in-school interventions to improve dietary behaviours amongst 11- to 16-year-olds: A systematic review. Obes Rev 2019; 20:543-553. [PMID: 30550629 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a global health concern, which has both short- and long-term health consequences for the individual, and is a potential burden on health care services and the wider economy. The school environment is a setting where changes can be applied to dietary behaviours, as schools have direct and intensive contact with children. This systematic review evaluated school-based interventions designed to improve dietary behaviours among adolescents (11- to 16-year-olds). The aims were to review types of interventions delivered, dietary behaviours targeted, and interventions' effectiveness in improving dietary behaviour and associated intervention components. Twenty-nine school-based interventional studies with this population were identified for review. The data were synthesized by identifying and comparing individual studies' results, intervention components, and characteristics. Interventions appeared more effective when they involved peers, used educational media to deliver health messages, increased availability of healthy foods in school, and incorporated computer-based individualized feedback with normative information on eating behaviours. A limitation of the review was the lack of description in certain reviewed studies and the nonfeasibility of conducting a meta-analysis owing to study heterogeneity. Future interventions with this population could consider including the aforementioned components, gender-specific feedback, and both short- and long-term follow-ups as change may not be apparent immediately and to determine if changes are sustained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sian Calvert
- The Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research and Centre for Health Psychology, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Robert C Dempsey
- The Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research and Centre for Health Psychology, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Rachel Povey
- The Staffordshire Centre for Psychological Research and Centre for Health Psychology, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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Ghasab Shirazi M, Kazemi A, Kelishadi R, Mostafavi F. The improvement of dietary behaviors among Iranian adolescent girls: a theory-based randomized controlled trial. Health Educ Res 2019; 34:159-172. [PMID: 30789207 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the impact of a social cognitive theory (SCT)-based intervention on dietary behaviors and behavioral determinants. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 230 adolescent girls (13-15 years old) in the intervention (n=115), and control group (n = 115), in Isfahan, Iran. Interventions were focused on changing SCT determinants including, knowledge, self-efficacy, intention, situation, self-regulation, social support, outcome expectations and expectancies. The intervention program included multicomponent intervention packages for adolescents, parents and teachers. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess dietary behaviors and SCT determinants at 3- and 6-month follow-ups. At 3- and 6-month follow-ups, differences between the intervention and control groups were reported in terms of the changes in all behavioral determinants and dietary behaviors. The changes in most behavioral determinants were significantly associated with the changes in dietary behaviors. The results showed that the nutrition education intervention based on SCT is effective in improving adolescents' dietary behaviors but dietary behaviors of adolescents in this study not yet reached to ideal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvarid Ghasab Shirazi
- Student Research Committee, Reproductive Health and Midwifery Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hezarjeri st., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673465 Isfahan, Iran
- Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Paraster st., 4144666949 Rasht, Iran
| | - Ashraf Kazemi
- Reproductive Health and Midwifery Department, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hezarjeri st., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673465 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non Communicable Disease, Hezarjeri st., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673465 Isfahan, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Mostafavi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Hezarjeri st., Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 8174673465 Isfahan, Iran
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Ng KW, McHale F, Cotter K, O'Shea D, Woods C. Feasibility Study of the Secondary Level Active School Flag Programme: Study Protocol. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4. [PMID: 33467331 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Taking part in regular physical activity (PA) is important for young adolescents to maintain physical, social and mental health. Schools are vibrant settings for health promotion and the complexity of driving a whole-school approach to PA has not been tested in the Irish school context. The feasibility of the pilot programme of the Department of Education and Skills second level Active School Flag (SLASF) is needed. SLASF is a two year process that consists of the Active School Flag (ASF) certificate programme (year 1) and the ASF flag programme (year 2). This protocol paper is specific to the first year certificate process. Three schools around Ireland were recruited as pilot schools to carry out the year-long SLASF programme with 17 planned actions involving the entire school. Students in the transition year programme have a particular role in the promotion of PA in SLASF. Data collection consists of physical measures, accelerometers, survey data and interviews at the beginning and the end of the academic year. The primary focus on the feasibility of the programme is through process evaluation tools and fidelity checks consisting of implementation of the SLASF programme through whole-school surveys, focus group discussions of key stakeholder groups, as well as one-to-one interviews with a member of management at each school and the SLASF coordinator of the school. Secondary outcomes include PA levels and its social cognitive theories based correlates through physical health measures, surveys carried out pre- and post-intervention, as well as focus group discussions of the students. The results of this study are needed to improve the development of the SLASF through a predetermined stopping criteria and inclusion into systems thinking approaches such as the Healthy Ireland Demonstration Project.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Weight loss treatments targeting adolescents often occur in mixed-sex contexts and produce variable outcomes. Sex considerations may be of particular importance, especially given differences in social relating. This study aggregated data from two randomized controlled trials of a peer-enhanced intervention compared with a standard cognitive-behavioral weight loss intervention to test the hypothesis that adolescent girls may demonstrate greater benefit than boys from a peer-enhanced weight loss intervention. METHODS Participants were 193 adolescents with overweight/obesity (age M = 14.4 years, standard deviation = .99) from two randomized clinical trials comparing a peer-enhanced intervention with an active cognitive-behavioral weight loss intervention. Adolescents' percent over body mass index (percent greater than the 50th percentile for age and sex) was measured at baseline, end of treatment, and approximately 6 months post treatment. Multilevel modeling was used to test hypotheses. RESULTS Findings suggested different weight change trajectories from baseline to end of treatment, and from end of treatment to follow-up. On average, all participants demonstrated weight loss from baseline to end of treatmentm and there was evidence that adolescent boys in the peer-enhanced condition may have benefited the most. On average, weight was maintained from end of treatment to follow-up. CONCLUSION Adolescent males may particularly benefit from weight loss interventions that incorporate a team component to supervised physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rancourt
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.
| | - David H. Barker
- Bradley/Hasbro Children’s Research Center, One Hoppin Street, CORO West Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903
| | - Elissa Jelalian
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, 196 Richmond Street, Providence, RI 02903
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Hopkins LC, Fristad M, Goodway JD, Eneli I, Holloman C, Kennel JA, Melnyk B, Gunther C. Camp NERF: methods of a theory-based nutrition education recreation and fitness program aimed at preventing unhealthy weight gain in underserved elementary children during summer months. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1122. [PMID: 27784290 PMCID: PMC5080748 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The number of obese children in the US remains high, which is problematic due to the mental, physical, and academic effects of obesity on child health. Data indicate that school-age children, particularly underserved children, experience unhealthy gains in BMI at a rate nearly twice as fast during the summer months. Few efforts have been directed at implementing evidence-based programming to prevent excess weight gain during the summer recess. Methods Camp NERF is an 8-week, multi-component (nutrition, physical activity, and mental health), theory-based program for underserved school-age children in grades Kindergarten - 5th coupled with the USDA Summer Food Service Program. Twelve eligible elementary school sites will be randomized to one of the three programming groups: 1) Active Control (non-nutrition, physical activity, or mental health); 2) Standard Care (nutrition and physical activity); or 3) Enhanced Care (nutrition, physical activity, and mental health) programming. Anthropometric, behavioral, and psychosocial data will be collected from child-caregiver dyads pre- and post-intervention. Site-specific characteristics and process evaluation measures will also be collected. Discussion This is the first, evidence-based intervention to address the issue of weight gain during the summer months among underserved, school-aged children. Results from this study will provide researchers, practitioners, and public health professionals with insight on evidence-based programming to aid in childhood obesity prevention during this particular window of risk. Trial Registration NCT02908230/09-19-2016
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Hopkins
- Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, 262B Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mary Fristad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1670 Upham Drive Suite 460G, Columbus, OH, 43210-1250, USA
| | - Jacqueline D Goodway
- Department of Human Sciences, Kinesiology Program, College of Education & Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, A244 305 Annie & John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ihuoma Eneli
- Nationwide Children's Hospital; The Ohio State University, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Chris Holloman
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, 404 Cockins Hall, 1958 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Julie A Kennel
- Department of Human Sciences, Human, The Ohio State University, 315 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bernadette Melnyk
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, 1585 Neil Avenue, Rm. 145, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carolyn Gunther
- Department of Human Sciences, Human Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, 313 Campbell Hall, 1787 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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Dowd AJ, Chen MY, Schmader T, Jung ME, Zumbo BD, Beauchamp MR. Psychosocial predictors of changes in adolescent girls' physical activity and dietary behaviors over the course of the Go Girls! group-based mentoring program. Health Educ Res 2016; 31:478-491. [PMID: 27325620 PMCID: PMC4945855 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyw021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in social cognitions targeted within a group-based mentoring program for adolescent girls were examined as predictors of changes in physical activity (PA) and dietary behavior (in two separate models) over the course of the 7-week program. Data were collected from 310 participants who participated in the program. Multilevel path models were used to assess changes in psychosocial variables predicting changes in behavioral outcomes from pre- to post-program. Analyses revealed that 24.4 and 12.3% of the variance in increases in PA and dietary behavior, respectively, was explained by increases in affective and instrumental attitudes, self-regulatory efficacy (SRE), and intentions. Increases in intentions partially mediated the effects of increases in SRE and affective attitudes on increases in PA behavior. In relation to improvements in dietary behavior, increases in intentions and SRE directly predicted improvements in dietary behavior. These findings suggest potential psychological mechanisms through which a group-based mentoring program may lead to changes in adolescent girls' health-enhancing PA and dietary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Justine Dowd
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Y Chen
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Toni Schmader
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - Mary E Jung
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia at Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Bruno D Zumbo
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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12
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Kazemi A, Zahraei NN, Nazarian N. The relation between intra- and interpersonal factors and food consumption level among Iranian adolescent girls. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res 2016; 21:147-52. [PMID: 27095987 PMCID: PMC4815369 DOI: 10.4103/1735-9066.178235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Poor nutrition habits in adolescent girls endanger their health and are followed by serious systemic diseases in adulthood and negative effects on their reproductive health. To design health promotion programs, understanding of the intra- and interpersonal associated factors with treatment is essential, and this was the aim of this study. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 193 adolescent girls of age 11-15 years. Random cluster selection was used for sample selection. Food group consumption pattern was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Also, perceived susceptibility/severity and nutritional attitude as intrapersonal factors and social support as interpersonal factor were assessed. The relationship between food group consumption level and nutritional attitude and perceived treat (susceptibility/severity) as intrapersonal factors and perceived social support as interpersonal factor were assessed by linear multiple regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Results showed that the level of sweetmeat food consumption was related to perceived social support (P = 0.03) and nutritional attitude (P = 0.01) negatively. In addition, an inverse and significant association was found between the level of junk food intake and informational perceived social support (P = 0.004). The association between the level of fast food intake and the perceived parental social support for preparation of healthy food was negatively significant (P = 0.03). Breakfast consumption was related to nutritional attitude (P = 0.03), social support (P = 0.03), and perceived severity (P = 0.045). Conclusions: Results revealed that perceived social support and nutritional attitude are the important and related factors in dietary intake among girls, and promotion of social support and modification of nutritional attitude may lead to healthy nutritional behaviors among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Kazemi
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nafisehsadat Nekuei Zahraei
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Naser Nazarian
- Department of Social Sciences, Organization of Isfahan Education, Isfahan, Iran
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