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He S, Xu J, Chen M, Li J, Li S, Ye J. A meta-analysis of UCA1 accuracy in the detection of bladder cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:447-455. [PMID: 38606888 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2342528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer (BCa) exhibits a relatively high prevalence, yet convenient tools for its early detection are lacking. Our study aims to assess the diagnostic value of Urothelial Carcinoma-Associated 1 (UCA1) in the early detection of BCa. METHODS Systematic searches were performed in electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP) until 20 July 2023. QUADAS-2 was used for quality assessment, while Meta-DiSc 1.4 and STATA 14.0 were employed for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 1252 BCa patients and 779 controls, from 12 identified articles, were included. UCA1 showed strong discriminatory ability in BCa detection, with an overall sensitivity of 0.84 specificity of 0.91, and a 0.91 area under the curve (AUC). Strikingly, UCA1 expressed in urine and tissue exhibited higher diagnostic value (0.92 AUC) compared to that in blood (0.86 AUC). Furthermore, urine UCA1 demonstrated remarkable diagnostic performance with 91% sensitivity and 98% specificity. Deeks' funnel plot detected no substantial publication bias. CONCLUSION UCA1 could serve as a potential biomarker for BCa detection with good diagnostic performance. Besides, compared to UCA1 in blood, urine and tissue UCA1 exhibited higher diagnostic value. Further prospective clinical research is needed to corroborate the conclusion. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023463210.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silei He
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minlin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajin Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiqian Li
- Bryant Zhuhai, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jufeng Ye
- Experimental Teaching Center of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Maas M, Todenhöfer T, Black PC. Urine biomarkers in bladder cancer - current status and future perspectives. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:597-614. [PMID: 37225864 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Urine markers to detect bladder cancer have been the subject of research for decades. The idea that urine - being in continuous contact with tumour tissue - should provide a vector of tumour information remains an attractive concept. Research on this topic has resulted in a complex landscape of many different urine markers with varying degrees of clinical validation. These markers range from cell-based assays to proteins, transcriptomic markers and genomic signatures, with a clear trend towards multiplex assays. Unfortunately, the number of different urine markers and the efforts in research and development of clinical grade assays are not reflected in the use of these markers in clinical practice, which is currently limited. Numerous prospective trials are in progress with the aim of increasing the quality of evidence about urinary biomarkers in bladder cancer to achieve guideline implementation. The current research landscape suggests a division of testing approaches. Some efforts are directed towards addressing the limitations of current assays to improve the performance of urine markers for a straightforward detection of bladder cancer. Additionally, comprehensive genetic analyses are emerging based on advances in next-generation sequencing and are expected to substantially affect the potential application of urine markers in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Maas
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Urology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Clinical Trials Unit Studienpraxis Urologie, Nürtingen, Germany
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter C Black
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Santini D, Botticelli A, Galvano A, Iuliani M, Incorvaia L, Gristina V, Taffon C, Foderaro S, Paccagnella E, Simonetti S, Fazio F, Scagnoli S, Pomati G, Pantano F, Perrone G, De Falco E, Russo A, Spinelli GP. Network approach in liquidomics landscape. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:193. [PMID: 37542343 PMCID: PMC10401883 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-based biopsy is the present main tool to explore the molecular landscape of cancer, but it also has many limits to be frequently executed, being too invasive with the risk of side effects. These limits and the ability of cancer to constantly evolve its genomic profile, have recently led to the need of a less invasive and more accurate alternative, such as liquid biopsy. By searching Circulating Tumor Cells and residues of their nucleic acids or other tumor products in body fluids, especially in blood, but also in urine, stools and saliva, liquid biopsy is becoming the future of clinical oncology. Despite the current lack of a standardization for its workflows, that makes it hard to be reproduced, liquid biopsy has already obtained promising results for cancer screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and risk of recurrence.Through a more accessible molecular profiling of tumors, it could become easier to identify biomarkers predictive of response to treatment, such as EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer and KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer, or Microsatellite Instability and Mismatch Repair as predictive markers of pembrolizumab response.By monitoring circulating tumor DNA in longitudinal repeated sampling of blood we could also predict Minimal Residual Disease and the risk of recurrence in already radically resected patients.In this review we will discuss about the current knowledge of limitations and strengths of the different forms of liquid biopsies for its inclusion in normal cancer management, with a brief nod to their newest biomarkers and its future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Santini
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Galvano
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele Iuliani
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Gristina
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Taffon
- Anatomical Pathology Operative Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Foderaro
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Elisa Paccagnella
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.So Della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy.
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pantano
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perrone
- Anatomical Pathology Operative Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.So Della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Spinelli
- UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy
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Marinescu MC, Lazar AL, Marta MM, Cozma A, Catana CS. Non-Coding RNAs: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052728. [PMID: 35269870 PMCID: PMC8911068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent knowledge concerning the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury provides new insight into their possible roles as specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have fewer than 200 nucleotides, while long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have more than 200 nucleotides. The three types of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) act as signaling molecules strongly involved in cardiovascular disorders (CVD). I/R injury of the heart is the main CVD correlated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac surgery, and transplantation. The expression levels of many ncRNAs and miRNAs are highly modified in the plasma of MI patients, and thus they have the potential to diagnose and treat MI. Cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell death is the major trigger for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion syndrome (MIRS). The cardioprotective effect of inflammasome activation in MIRS and the therapeutics targeting the reparative response could prevent progressive post-infarction heart failure. Moreover, the pharmacological and genetic modulation of these ncRNAs has the therapeutic potential to improve clinical outcomes in AMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea-Cosmin Marinescu
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Brasov Romania, 500326 Brașov, Romania;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Surgical Clinic, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada-Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Monica Mihaela Marta
- Department of Medical Education, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Angela Cozma
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina-Sorina Catana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Yuan JB, Gu L, Chen L, Yin Y, Fan BY. Annexin A8 regulated by lncRNA-TUG1/miR-140-3p axis promotes bladder cancer progression and metastasis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:36-51. [PMID: 34401471 PMCID: PMC8332373 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the ninth most diagnosed cancer in the world. This study aims to investigate the role and mechanisms of the taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1)/miR-140-3p/annexin A8 (ANXA8) axis in bladder cancer. Western blotting and qRT-PCR determined the expression levels of ANXA8, miR-140-3p, TUG1, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), luciferase assay, and RNA pull-down assay validated the association among ANXA8, miR-140-3p, and TUG1. The biological functions were determined by colony formation, Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium (PI) staining, and transwell assays. Xenograft tumorigenesis detected tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Pathological analysis was examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. ANXA8 was elevated in bladder tumors and cells. Knockdown of ANXA8 suppressed cell growth, migration, invasion, and EMT in UMUC-3 and T24 cells. ANXA8 was determined as a miR-140-3p target gene. Overexpression of miR-140-3p suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT via targeting ANXA8. TUG1 promoted ANXA8 expression via sponging miR-140-3p. Silencing of miR-140-3p or ANXA8 overexpression abrogated the tumor-suppressive effects of TUG1 silencing on bladder cancer cell growth and metastasis. The TUG1/miR-140-3p/ANXA8 axis was also implicated in tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. TUG1 promotes bladder cancer progression and metastasis through activating ANXA8 by sponging miR-140-3p, which sheds light on the mechanisms of bladder cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bin Yuan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Lan Gu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Liu Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yin
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ben-Yi Fan
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, P.R. China
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Humayun-Zakaria N, Ward DG, Arnold R, Bryan RT. Trends in urine biomarker discovery for urothelial bladder cancer: DNA, RNA, or protein? Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:2787-2808. [PMID: 34295762 PMCID: PMC8261432 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Urothelial bladder cancer is a complex disease displaying a landscape of heterogenous molecular subtypes, mutation profiles and clinical presentations. Diagnosis and surveillance rely on flexible cystoscopy which has high accuracy, albeit accompanied by a high-cost burden for healthcare providers and discomfort for patients. Advances in "omic" technologies and computational biology have provided insights into the molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer and provided powerful tools to identify markers for disease detection, risk stratification, and predicting responses to therapy. To date, numerous attempts have been made to discover and validate diagnostic biomarkers that could be deployed as an adjunct to the cystoscopic diagnosis and long-term surveillance of bladder cancer. We report a comprehensive literature analysis using PubMed to assess the changing trends in investigating DNA, RNA, or proteins as diagnostic urinary biomarkers over a period of 5 decades: 1970-2020. A gradual shift has been observed in research away from protein biomarkers to nucleic acids including different classes of RNA, and DNA methylation and mutation markers. Until 2000, publications involving protein biomarker discovery constituted 87% of the total number of research articles with DNA comprising 6% and RNA 7%. Since 2000 the proportion of protein biomarker articles has fallen to 40%, and DNA and RNA studies increased to 32% and 28%, respectively. Clearly research focus, perhaps driven by technological innovation, has shifted from proteins to nucleic acids. We optimistically hypothesise that, following thorough validation, a clinically useful detection test for bladder cancer based on a panel of DNA or RNA markers could become reality within 5-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Humayun-Zakaria
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Douglas G Ward
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roland Arnold
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard T Bryan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Urine as a Source of Liquid Biopsy for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112652. [PMID: 34071230 PMCID: PMC8199052 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Tissue biopsy is essential for diagnosis and characterization of a tumor. Recently circulating tumor cells and other tumor-derived nucleic acid can be detected from blood, which is called liquid biopsy. Now this concept has been expanded to many other body fluids including urine. Urine is the least invasive method to obtain a liquid biopsy and can be done anywhere, which allows longitudinal repeated sampling. Here, we review the latest update on urine liquid biopsy in urological and non-urological cancers. Abstract Tissue biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis and morphological and immunohistochemical analyses to characterize cancer. However, tissue biopsy usually requires an invasive procedure, and it can be challenging depending on the condition of the patient and the location of the tumor. Even liquid biopsy analysis of body fluids such as blood, saliva, gastric juice, sweat, tears and cerebrospinal fluid may require invasive procedures to obtain samples. Liquid biopsy can be applied to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) or nucleic acids (NAs) in blood. Recently, urine has gained popularity due to its less invasive sampling, ability to easily repeat samples, and ability to follow tumor evolution in real-time, making it a powerful tool for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in cancer patients. With the development and advancements in extraction methods of urinary substances, urinary NAs have been found to be closely related to carcinogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic response, not only in urological cancers but also in non-urological cancers. This review mainly highlights the components of urine liquid biopsy and their utility and limitations in oncology, especially in non-urological cancers.
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Ferro M, La Civita E, Liotti A, Cennamo M, Tortora F, Buonerba C, Crocetto F, Lucarelli G, Busetto GM, Del Giudice F, de Cobelli O, Carrieri G, Porreca A, Cimmino A, Terracciano D. Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Urine: A Route towards Molecular Diagnosis and Personalized Medicine of Bladder Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11030237. [PMID: 33806972 PMCID: PMC8004687 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is characterized by high incidence and recurrence rates together with genomic instability and elevated mutation degree. Currently, cystoscopy combined with cytology is routinely used for diagnosis, prognosis and disease surveillance. Such an approach is often associated with several side effects, discomfort for the patient and high economic burden. Thus, there is an essential demand of non-invasive, sensitive, fast and inexpensive biomarkers for clinical management of BC patients. In this context, liquid biopsy represents a very promising tool that has been widely investigated over the last decade. Liquid biopsy will likely be at the basis of patient selection for precision medicine, both in terms of treatment choice and real-time monitoring of therapeutic effects. Several different urinary biomarkers have been proposed for liquid biopsy in BC, including DNA methylation and mutations, protein-based assays, non-coding RNAs and mRNA signatures. In this review, we summarized the state of the art on different available tests concerning their potential clinical applications for BC detection, prognosis, surveillance and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ferro
- Department of Urology of European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (O.d.C.)
| | - Evelina La Civita
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Antonietta Liotti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Michele Cennamo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
| | - Fabiana Tortora
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Carlo Buonerba
- CRTR Rare Tumors Reference Center, AOU Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Environment & Health Operational Unit, Zoo-Prophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Felice Crocetto
- Department of Neurosciences, Sciences of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Del Giudice
- Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Ottavio de Cobelli
- Department of Urology of European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy; (M.F.); (O.d.C.)
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Ematoncologia-DIPO-Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrieri
- Department of Urology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Angelo Porreca
- Department of Urology, Veneto Institute of Oncology, 31033 Padua, Italy;
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (D.T.); Tel.: +39-81-746-3617 (D.T.)
| | - Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.L.C.); (A.L.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: or (A.C.); (D.T.); Tel.: +39-81-746-3617 (D.T.)
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Chattopadhyay P, Srinivasa Vasudevan J, Pandey R. Noncoding RNAs: modulators and modulatable players during infection-induced stress response. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 20:28-41. [PMID: 33491070 PMCID: PMC7929421 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human genome has an almost equal distribution of unique and transposable genetic elements. Although at the transcriptome level, a relatively higher contribution from transposable elements derived RNA has been reported. This is further highlighted with evidence from pervasive transcription. Of the total RNA, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are significant contributors to the transcriptome pool with sizeable fraction from repetitive elements of the human genome, inclusive of Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINEs) and Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs). ncRNAs are increasingly being implicated in diverse functional roles especially during conditions of stress. These stress responses are driven through diverse mediators, inclusive of long and short ncRNAs. ncRNAs such as MALAT1, GAS5, miR-204 and miR-199a-5p have been functionally involved during oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR). Also, within SINEs, Alu RNAs derived from primate-specific Alu repeats with ~11% human genome contribution, playing a significant role. Pathogenic diseases, including the recent COVID-19, leads to differential regulation of ncRNAs. Although, limited evidence suggests the need for an inquest into the role of ncRNAs in determining the host response towards pathogen challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rajesh Pandey
- Corresponding author: Rajesh Pandey, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory. CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), North Campus, Near Jubilee Hall, Mall Road, Delhi-110007, India. Tel.: +91 9811029551; E-mail:
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Ding Z, Ying W, He Y, Chen X, Jiao Y, Wang J, Zhou X. lncRNA-UCA1 in the diagnosis of bladder cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24805. [PMID: 33725946 PMCID: PMC7982181 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main purpose of this study is to systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of long-chain non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoembryonic antigen 1 (lncRNA-UCA1) for bladder cancer, and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. METHODS By searching PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, CNKI, Wanfang, Weipu and other databases, in order to collect relevant literature of lncRNA-UCA1 for diagnosis of bladder cancer. The starting and ending time of the search is from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2019. Screen documents and extract data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. QUADAS entry tool was used to evaluate the quality of literature. Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 software were used for statistical analysis, and UCA1 was combined for the statistics of bladder cancer diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 7 articles were included in this study, including 954 cases of bladder cancer patients and 482 cases of non-bladder cancer patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) curve AUC of lncRNA-UCA1 used to diagnose bladder cancer was 0.86. The sensitivity was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.80-0.85), and the specificity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.89). The positive likelihood ratio is 6.38 (95% CI: 3.01-13.55), and the negative likelihood ratio is 0.20 (95% CI: 0.13-0.31). The diagnostic odds ratio is 33.13 (95% CI: 11.16-98.33). CONCLUSION lncRNA-UCA1 has a high value of clinical auxiliary diagnosis for bladder cancer, and it can be further promoted and applied clinically.
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Brisotto G, Guerrieri R, Colizzi F, Steffan A, Montico B, Fratta E. Long Noncoding RNAs as Innovative Urinary Diagnostic Biomarkers. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2292:73-94. [PMID: 33651353 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1354-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is now widely studied as a promising source of cancer-derived biomarkers because of their role in tumor formation and progression. However, CTCs analysis presents some limitations and no standardized method for CTCs isolation from urine has been defined so far. In fact, besides blood, urine represents an ideal source of noninvasive biomarkers, especially for the early detection of genitourinary tumors. Besides CTCs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have also been proposed as potential noninvasive biomarkers, and the evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of urinary lncRNAs has dramatically increased over the last years, with many studies being published. Therefore, this review provides an update on the clinical utility of urinary lncRNAs as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of bladder and prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brisotto
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberto Guerrieri
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Francesca Colizzi
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Barbara Montico
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fratta
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
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12
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Fan J, Saft M, Sadanandan N, Gonzales-Portillo B, Park YJ, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV, Luo Y. LncRNAs Stand as Potent Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Stroke. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:594571. [PMID: 33192490 PMCID: PMC7604318 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.594571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major public health problem worldwide with a high burden of neurological disability and mortality. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have attracted much attention in the past decades because of their newly discovered roles in pathophysiological processes in many diseases. The abundance of lncRNAs in the nervous system indicates that they may be part of a complex regulatory network governing physiology and pathology of the brain. In particular, lncRNAs have been shown to play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of stroke. In this article, we provide a review of the multifaceted functions of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage, highlighting their promising use as stroke diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics. To this end, we discuss the potential of stem cells in aiding lncRNA applications in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfen Fan
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Madeline Saft
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Nadia Sadanandan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Bella Gonzales-Portillo
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - You Jeong Park
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Cesario V Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Yumin Luo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center and Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Wang J, Gao Y, Wang X, Gao Y, Li L, Zhang J, Zhang L, Che F. Circulating lncRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers in bladder cancer: A diagnostic meta-analysis based on 15 published articles. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 35:40-48. [PMID: 32460591 DOI: 10.1177/1724600820926685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Owing to inconsistency between reports, a meta-analysis was designed to appraise the clinical implications of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in urine and blood for the diagnosis of bladder cancer. METHODS Studies that met the criteria were acquired by bibliographic retrieval through PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. The pooled diagnostic performance was evaluated by calculating the area under the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) curve. The potential sources of heterogeneity were approached through meta-regression and subgroup analyses. All statistical analyses and plots were performed by RevMan 5.3, Meta-DiSc 1.4, and STATA 12.0. RESULTS A total of 43 studies from 15 articles consisting of 3370 bladder cancer patients and 3212 controls were incorporated in our meta-analysis. lncRNAs in urine and blood performed relatively well in diagnosing bladder cancer, with a pooled sensitivity of 0.78, a specificity of 0.79, and an area under the SROC curve (AUC) of 0.86. H19 displayed the best diagnostic accuracy with a pooled AUC of 0.90, followed by UCA1 and MALAT1. The heterogeneity among studies was partly conducted by sample size, lncRNA existence form (cell-free or intracellular lncRNA), lncRNA origin (exosome- or non-exosome-based lncRNA), lncRNA profiling (single- or multiple-lncRNA), specimen types, and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS lncRNAs in urine and blood may serve as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers with great promise for bladder cancer, while their clinical values need to be examined through further synthetic forward-looking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongli Gao
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yisheng Gao
- Department of Urology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Luning Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jinling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi, Shandong Province, China
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14
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Avgeris M, Tsilimantou A, Levis PK, Rampias T, Papadimitriou MA, Panoutsopoulou K, Stravodimos K, Scorilas A. Unraveling UCA1 lncRNA prognostic utility in urothelial bladder cancer. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:965-974. [PMID: 30815670 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of precision oncology, bladder cancer (BlCa) is characterized by generic patient management and lack of personalized prognosis and surveillance. Herein, we have studied the clinical significance of urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) lncRNA in improving patients' risk stratification and prognosis. A screening cohort of 176 BlCa patients was used for UCA1 quantification. The Hedegaard et al. (n = 476) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) provisional (n = 413) were analyzed as validation cohorts for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), respectively. Patients' survival outcome was assessed using recurrence and progression for NMIBC or death for MIBC as clinical endpoint events. Bootstrap analysis was performed for internal validation of Cox regression analysis, whereas the clinical benefit of disease prognosis was assessed by decision curve analysis. UCA1 was significantly overexpressed in bladder tumors compared with normal urothelium, which was confirmed only in the case of NMIBC. Interestingly, reduced expression of UCA1 was correlated with muscle-invasive disease as well as with tumors of higher stage and grade. UCA1 loss was strongly associated with higher risk of short-term relapse [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.974; P = 0.032] and progression to invasive stages (HR = 3.476; P = 0.023) in NMIBC. In this regard, Hedegaard et al. and TCGA validation cohorts confirmed the unfavorable prognostic nature of UCA1 loss in BlCa. Finally, prognosis prediction models integrating UCA1 underexpression and established clinical disease markers contributed to improved stratification specificity and superior clinical benefit for NMIBC prognosis. Underexpression of UCA1 correlates with worse disease outcome in NMIBC and contributes to superior prediction of disease early relapse and progression as well as improved patient stratification specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsilimantou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis K Levis
- First Department of Urology, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Rampias
- Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Basic Research Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria-Alexandra Papadimitriou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Panoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stravodimos
- First Department of Urology, 'Laiko' General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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15
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Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulators of cellular machinery that are commonly dysregulated in genitourinary malignancies. Accordingly, the investigation of lncRNAs is improving our understanding of genitourinary cancers, from development to progression and dissemination. lncRNAs are involved in major oncogenic events in genitourinary malignancies, including androgen receptor (AR) signalling in prostate cancer, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway activation in renal cell carcinoma and invasiveness in bladder cancer, as well as multiple other proliferation and survival mechanisms. In line with their putative oncogenic roles, new lncRNA-based classifications are emerging as potent predictors of prognosis. In clinical practice, detection of oncogenic lncRNAs in serum or urine might enable early cancer detection, and lncRNAs might also be promising therapeutic targets for patients with genitourinary cancer. Furthermore, as predictors of sensitivity to anticancer treatments, lncRNAs could be integrated into future precision medicine strategies. Overall, lncRNAs are promising new candidates for molecular studies and for discovery of innovative biomarkers and are putative therapeutic targets in genitourinary oncology.
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Abstract
Abstract
Precision oncology aims to tailor clinical decisions specifically to patients with the objective of improving treatment outcomes. This can be achieved by leveraging omics information for accurate molecular characterization of tumors. Tumor tissue biopsies are currently the main source of information for molecular profiling. However, biopsies are invasive and limited in resolving spatiotemporal heterogeneity in tumor tissues. Alternative non-invasive liquid biopsies can exploit patient’s body fluids to access multiple layers of tumor-specific biological information (genomes, epigenomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, circulating tumor cells, and exosomes). Analysis and integration of these large and diverse datasets using statistical and machine learning approaches can yield important insights into tumor biology and lead to discovery of new diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers. Translation of these new diagnostic tools into standard clinical practice could transform oncology, as demonstrated by a number of liquid biopsy assays already entering clinical use. In this review, we highlight successes and challenges facing the rapidly evolving field of cancer biomarker research.
Lay Summary
Precision oncology aims to tailor clinical decisions specifically to patients with the objective of improving treatment outcomes. The discovery of biomarkers for precision oncology has been accelerated by high-throughput experimental and computational methods, which can inform fine-grained characterization of tumors for clinical decision-making. Moreover, advances in the liquid biopsy field allow non-invasive sampling of patient’s body fluids with the aim of analyzing circulating biomarkers, obviating the need for invasive tumor tissue biopsies. In this review, we highlight successes and challenges facing the rapidly evolving field of liquid biopsy cancer biomarker research.
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17
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UCA1 long non-coding RNA: An update on its roles in malignant behavior of cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109459. [PMID: 31585301 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is a 1.4 kb long transcript which has been firstly recognized in human bladder cancer cell line. Subsequent studies revealed its over-expression in a wide array of human cancer cell lines and patients' samples. In addition to conferring malignant phenotype to cells, it enhances resistance to conventional anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, transcript levels of this lncRNA have been regarded as diagnostic markers in several cancer types including gastric, bladder and liver cancers. The underlying mechanism of its participation in carcinogenesis has been identified in some cancer types. Sponging tumor suppressor miRNAs, interacting with cancer-promoting signaling pathways and enhancing cell cycle progression are among these mechanisms. Although few studies have shown anti-carcinogenic properties for this lncRNA, the bulk of evidence supports its oncogenic roles. In the current study, we have reviewed the current literature on the role of UCA1 in the carcinogenic process based on the results of in vitro studies, investigations in animal models and assessment of UCA1 expression in clinical samples.
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18
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Meng Y, Liu YL, Li K, Fu T. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 in human cancers: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15793. [PMID: 31124974 PMCID: PMC6571273 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since long non-coding RNA breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 4 (lncRNA BCAR4) is dysregulated in various types of cancers, we conducted a meta-analysis to determine its prognostic value in cancer. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE database, and CENTRAL were systematically searched.Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were collected to estimate the prognostic value. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs were used to assess the association between lncRNA BCAR4 expression and clinicopathological features, including tumor size, differentiation, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and tumor stage. RESULTS Ten studies with 890 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that high lncRNA BCAR4 expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR 2.80, 95% CI: 2.08-3.78; P < .001). Overexpression of lncRNA BCAR4 was related to lymph node metastasis (OR 3.68, 95% CI: 2.25-6.00; P < .001), high tumor stage (OR 3.19, 95% CI: 1.98-5.13; P < .001), and distant metastasis (OR 3.83, 95% CI: 2.15-6.82; P < .001), but not to tumor size. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, lncRNA BCAR4 overexpression is associated with poor OS and advanced clinicopathological features, and lncRNA BCAR4 may be a novel prognostic biomarker in cancer patients. However, further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
| | - Yu-Lan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Remin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
| | - Tao Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Disease
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19
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Sun S, Gong C, Yuan K. LncRNA UCA1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:1182-1189. [PMID: 30679991 PMCID: PMC6327537 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the poor prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and the functionality of long non-coding (lnc)RNA UCA1 in different types of cancer, the present study aimed to investigate the role of UCA1 in the development and progression of LSCC. A total of 90 patients with LSCC and 90 healthy subjects were enrolled in the present study. Expression levels of UCA1 in tumor tissues and adjacent healthy tissues, as well as serum of patients with LSCC and normal controls were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum UCA1 for LSCC. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and employed to evaluate the prognosic values of serum UCA1 for LSCC. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected using the cell proliferation assay, and Transwell migration and invasion assays, respectively. Expression levels of Wnt/β-catenin-associated proteins were detected by western blot analysis. Results indicated that the expression levels of UCA1 were significantly higher in tumor tissues compared with adjacent healthy tissues in the majority of patients with LSCC. In addition, serum levels of UCA1 were significantly higher in patients with LSCC coapred with healthy controls. UCA1 overexpression promoted, whereas UCA1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells. UCA1 overexpression activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in LSCC cells, whereas treatment with Wnt inhibitor reduced the enhancing effects of UCA1 overexpression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells. The present findings suggest that UCA1 can promote cell proliferation, invasion and migration of LSCC cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
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20
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Lebrun L, Milowich D, Mercier ML, Allard J, Van Eycke YR, Roumeguere T, Decaestecker C, Salmon I, Rorive S. UCA1 overexpression is associated with less aggressive subtypes of bladder cancer. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:2497-2506. [PMID: 30226613 PMCID: PMC6151879 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Non‑coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to serve important roles in carcinogenesis via complex mechanisms, including transcriptional and post‑transcriptional regulation, and chromatin interactions. Urothelial carcinoma‑associated 1 (UCA1), a long ncRNA, was recently shown to have tumorigenic properties in urothelial bladder cancer (UBC), as demonstrated by enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion and therapy resistance of UBC cell lines in vitro. These in vitro findings suggested that UCA1 is associated with aggressive tumor behavior and could have prognostic implications in UBC. The aims of the present study were to therefore to investigate the statistical associations between UCA1 RNA expression and UBC pathological features, patient prognosis and p53 and Ki‑67 expression. Chromogenic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were performed on UBC tissue microarrays to characterize UCA1 RNA, and p53 and Ki‑67 expression in 208 UBC cases, including 145 non‑muscle‑invasive and 63 muscle‑invasive cases. UCA1 was observed in the tumor cells of 166/208 (80%) UBC cases tested. No expression was noted in normal stromal and endothelium cells. Patients with UBC that overexpressed UCA1 (35%) had a significantly higher survival rate (P=0.006) compared with that in patients with UBC that did not overexpress UCA1. This prognostic factor was independent of tumor morphology, concomitant carcinoma in situ, tumor grade and tumor stage. In addition, the absence of UCA1 overexpression was significantly associated with a high Ki‑67 proliferative index (P=0.008) and a p53 'mutated' immunoprofile (strong nuclear expression or complete absence of staining; P=0.003). In conclusion, the present results identified UCA1 as potentially being a novel independent prognostic marker in UBC that was associated with a better patient prognosis and that could serve a pivotal role in bladder cancer carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Lebrun
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dina Milowich
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, University Institute of Pathology, Lausanne, CH-1011 Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Marie Le Mercier
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Justine Allard
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
- DIAPath-Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, ULB, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Yves-Remy Van Eycke
- DIAPath-Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, ULB, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratories of Image, Signal processing and Acoustics, Brussels School of Engineering/Ecole Polytechnic de Brussels, ULB, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Roumeguere
- Department of Urology, Erasme University Hospital, ULB, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Decaestecker
- DIAPath-Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, ULB, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Laboratories of Image, Signal processing and Acoustics, Brussels School of Engineering/Ecole Polytechnic de Brussels, ULB, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
- DIAPath-Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, ULB, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Centre Universitaire Inter Regional d'Expertise en Anatomie Pathologique Hospitalière (CurePath), B-6040 Charleroi (Jumet), Belgium
| | - Sandrine Rorive
- Department of Pathology, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
- DIAPath-Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, ULB, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Centre Universitaire Inter Regional d'Expertise en Anatomie Pathologique Hospitalière (CurePath), B-6040 Charleroi (Jumet), Belgium
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Quan J, Pan X, Zhao L, Li Z, Dai K, Yan F, Liu S, Ma H, Lai Y. LncRNA as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6415-6424. [PMID: 30323619 PMCID: PMC6177400 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s167853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is one of the most common urinary malignancies, and has a high recurrence rate and poor outcomes. In order to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for bladder cancer, we conducted a meta-analysis to analyze the association between long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression and survival in bladder cancer. Materials and methods We searched literature from databases using our inclusion and exclusion criteria. STATA 14.0 software was used to analyze the data from collected studies and to construct the forest plots. A different effect size was selected for each meta-analysis. Results After selection, 30 articles were found to be eligible. The present meta-analysis contains data from 13 articles about clinicopathological characteristics, six articles about diagnosis, and 16 articles about prognosis. In the present study, we found that many lncRNAs could function as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in bladder cancer. Among these findings, UCA1 was expected to be a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer, while the aberrant expression of HOTAIR and GAS5 was associated with poor disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival/disease-specific survival. Conclusion Overall, the present study is the first meta-analysis to assess the association between expression of lncRNAs and clinical value in patients with bladder cancer. LncRNAs hold promise as novel diagnostic and prognostic markers in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Quan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China, .,Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Xiang Pan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China, .,Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Liwen Zhao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China, .,Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Zuwei Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China,
| | - Kangfu Dai
- Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Fangli Yan
- Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Suyue Liu
- Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Hongfei Ma
- Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, China, .,Graduate school, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China,
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Analysis of competing endogenous RNA network to identify the key RNAs associated with prostate adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1811-1817. [PMID: 30195637 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is the most common cancer in men. The aim of this study was to reveal the critical long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs), microRNA (miRNAs) and mRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of PRAD. METHODS The level 3 mRNA and miRNA sequencing data of PRAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Using the edgeR package of R, the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs), lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) between PRAD and normal tissues were screened. The Cox proportional hazards regression method in the survival package was used to select the lncRNAs significantly related to clinical characteristics. After the miRNA-lncRNA and miRNA-mRNA pairs were predicted, a regulatory network was constructed by the Cytoscape software. For the DEGs involved in the network, enrichment analysis was conducted by the Fisher algorithm. RESULTS Compared to the normal samples, 25 DE-lncRNAs, 1421 DEGs and 68 DE-miRNAs were identified in the PRAD samples. The down-regulated MESTIT1 had a significantly negative correlation with overall survival. A total of 44 DE-miRNA-DE-lncRNA pairs were predicted, including the PCA3-miR-96 and UCA1-miR-96. Meanwhile, 33 DEGs targeted by miRNAs (for example, miR-96-CYP19A1) were found to correlate with cancers. CONCLUSION Functional enrichment analysis showed that the reproductive development process (which involved TDRD1) was enriched for the DEGs implicated in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. The lncRNAs MESTIT1, PCA3, and UCA1; mRNAs CYP19A1 and TDRD1; as well as miR-96 might affect the pathogenesis of PRAD.
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23
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Su G, He Q, Wang J. Clinical Values of Long Non-coding RNAs in Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2018; 9:652. [PMID: 29899709 PMCID: PMC5988895 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence shows that dysregulated expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can serve as diagnostic or prognostic markers in bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical values of dysregulated lncRNAs in bladder cancer. Methods: Eligible studies were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to December 2017. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to investigate the correlation between lncRNAs and clinicopathological parameters. Pooled hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to explore the prognostic value of lncRNAs in bladder cancer. Pooled diagnostic parameters were also calculated to estimate the performance of lncRNAs in diagnosing bladder cancer. All statistical analyses were performed by using STATA 13.1 program. Results: A total of 37 relevant studies were included to the present systematic review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, including 26 on clinicopathological parameters, 19 on prognosis, and 7 on diagnosis. For clinicopathological parameters, MALAT1 expression was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.731; 95% CI: 1.409–5.292; p = 0.003), and high-level expression of XIST was related to larger tumor size (OR = 2.473; 95% CI: 1.159–5.276; p = 0.019) and higher TNM stage (OR = 0.400; 95% CI, 0.184–0.868; p = 0.020). For the prognostic values, the most significant association was observed between increased expressions of SPRY4-IT1 and poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 3.716; 95% CI: 2.084–6.719; p < 0.001); high MALAT1 expression was significantly associated with poor OS (HR = 1.611; 95% CI: 1.076–2.412; p = 0.020). For the diagnostic values, UCA1 expression profile achieved a combined AUC of 0.92, with sensitivity of 0.84 and specificity of 0.89 in distinguishing patients with bladder cancer from non-cancerous controls. Conclusions: In summary, systematic review elaborated that abnormal lncRNAs expression can serve as potential markers for prognostic evaluation in bladder cancer patients. In addition, the diagnostic meta-analysis concluded that abnormally expressed UCA1 can function as potential diagnostic markers for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Su
- Department of Pharmacy and Laboratory, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Qili He
- Institute of Toxicological Detection, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China
| | - June Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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24
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Hu G, Niu F, Humburg BA, Liao K, Bendi S, Callen S, Fox HS, Buch S. Molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs and their role in disease pathogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 9:18648-18663. [PMID: 29719633 PMCID: PMC5915100 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs are long non-coding regulatory RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides. One of the major functions of lncRNAs is the regulation of specific gene expression at multiple steps including, recruitment and expression of basal transcription machinery, post-transcriptional modifications and epigenetics [1]. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs also play a critical role in maintaining tissue homeostasis during physiological and pathological conditions, lipid homeostasis, as well as epithelial and smooth muscle cell homeostasis, a topic that has been elegantly reviewed [2-5]. While aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been implicated in several disease conditions, there is paucity of information about their contribution to the etiology of diseases [6]. Several studies have compared the expression of lncRNAs under normal and cancerous conditions and found differential expression of several lncRNAs, suggesting thereby an involvement of lncRNAs in disease processes [7, 8]. Furthermore, the ability of lncRNAs to influence epigenetic changes also underlies their role in disease pathogenesis since epigenetic regulation is known to play a critical role in many human diseases [1]. LncRNAs thus are not only involved in homeostatic functioning but also play a vital role in the progression of many diseases, thereby underscoring their potential as novel therapeutic targets for the alleviation of a variety of human disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoku Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Fang Niu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bree A. Humburg
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ke Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sunil Bendi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shannon Callen
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard S. Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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25
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Qin LT, Tang RX, Lin P, Li Q, Yang H, Luo DZ, Chen G, He Y, Li P. Biological function of UCA1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance: Investigation with in vitro and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1260-1272. [PMID: 30017333 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Urothelial cancer associated 1 (UCA1) was upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cell lines, and the expression of UCA1 was associated with several clinical features and malignant behaviours in HCC. However, none of these findings completely interpreted the role of UCA1 in HCC. We conducted this investigation to validate the expression of UCA1 and its relationship with Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage in 41 HCC tissues and their paired noncancerous adjacent tissues by real-time qPCR. Furthermore, we also explored the biological functions of UCA1 in vitro with HCC cell lines. Most importantly, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis and bioinformatics investigation based on peer-reviewed literature and in silico approaches to further summarise the clinical value and functions of UCA1 in HCC. UCA1 expression was remarkably upregulated in HCC tissues, and its expression was profoundly higher in advanced stages than in early stages. Reducing the expression levels of UCA1 suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis of HCC cells. Furthermore, the present meta-analysis validated that up-regulated UCA1 was closely related to larger tumour size and advanced TNM stages, and the overexpression of UCA1 was significantly correlated with a shorter OS. Additionally, according to GO analysis, the target genes were found concentrated in the following biological processes: extracellular matrix organisation, cilium assembly and cilium morphogenesis. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the UCA1-related genes were significantly enriched in the following pathways: hippo signalling pathway, bile secretion and gastric acid secretion. This evidence hinted that UCA1 could play an indispensable proliferation-related key role in HCC via the hippo signalling pathway. However, the exact molecular mechanism needs to be verified with future functional experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Qin
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Rui-Xue Tang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, PR China.
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26
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Lou Y, Jiang H, Cui Z, Wang X, Wang L, Han Y. Gene microarray analysis of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in patients with high‑grade ovarian serous cancer. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:91-104. [PMID: 29577163 PMCID: PMC5979786 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade ovarian serous cancer is known for its high rates of invasion and metastasis, and resultant high mortality rate. Therefore, research concerning biomarkers and underlying molecular mechanisms of high-grade ovarian serous cancer progression and prognosis are urgently required. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been the subject of an increasing number of studies, and certain lncRNAs have been demonstrated to serve an important function in the development and progression of various cancers, including HOX transcript antisense RNA, competing endogenous lncRNA 2 for microRNA let-7b, urothelial cancer associated 1, and H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding). However, few studies have investigated the differential expression of lncRNAs in high-grade ovarian serous cancer. In the present study, differences in lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles between high-grade ovarian serous cancer tissue samples and healthy fallopian tube tissue samples were investigated using microarray analysis, and the differential expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs was confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Then, five abnormally expressed lncRNAs were selected, and the associations between these lncRNAs and ovarian cancer clinicopathological parameters were examined using RT-qPCR. The expression profiles of certain lncRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed to be altered between high-grade ovarian serous cancer tissues and healthy fallopian tube tissues. Furthermore, the expression levels of selected lncRNAs were associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and lymph node metastasis. These lncRNAs and mRNAs may therefore be involved in the pathogenesis of high-grade ovarian serous cancer. The results of the present study provide an experimental foundation for further exploration of the value of these lncRNAs and mRNAs in the early diagnosis and treatment of high-grade ovarian serous cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Huanhuan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Zhumei Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, P.R. China
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27
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Cui X, Jing X, Long C, Yi Q, Tian J, Zhu J. Accuracy of the urine UCA1 for diagnosis of bladder cancer: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35222-35233. [PMID: 28415640 PMCID: PMC5471048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine UCA1 has been reported as a potential novel diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer in several studies, but their results are inconsistent. As a result of this, a diagnostic meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic performance of urine UCA1 in detecting bladder cancer was conducted. A systematic electronic and manual search was performed for relevant literatures through PubMed, Cochrane library, Chinese Wan Fang and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases up to December 30, 2016. The quality of the studies included in this meta-analysis was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. All analyses were conducted using stata12.0 software. Six studies collectively included 578 bladder cancer patients and 562 controls met the eligible criteria. The overall diagnostic accuracy was measured by the following: sensitivity 0.81 (95% CI = 0.75-0.86), specificity 0.86 (95% CI = 0.73-0.93), positive likelihood ratio 5.85 (95% CI = 2.72-12.57), negative likelihood 0.22 (95% CI = 0.15-0.32), diagnostic odds ratio 27.01 (95% CI = 8.69-83.97), and area under the curve 0.88 (95% CI = 0.85-0.91). Meta-regression analysis suggested that ethnicity significantly accounted for the heterogeneity of sensitivity. Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test (P = 0.33) suggested no potential publication bias. According to our results, urine UCA1 has greater diagnostic value in diagnosing bladder cancer, however further research studies with more well-designed and large sample sizes are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Cui
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women's Health Center of Shanxi, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuan Jing
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Province People's Hospital, Affiliate of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Cardiovascular Department (Internal Medicine), Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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28
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Nasrollahzadeh-Khakiani M, Emadi-Baygi M, Schulz WA, Nikpour P. Long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer carcinogenesis and metastasis. Brief Funct Genomics 2018; 16:129-145. [PMID: 27122631 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elw011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies of the human transcriptome, most prominently by the ENCyclopedia Of DNA Elements project, have revealed an unexpected number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are typically referred to a heterogeneous group of polyadenylated long ncRNAs, with a length of > 200 nt. LncRNAs constitute an integral part of tumor biology, with many lncRNAs discovered to be aberrantly expressed in various cancer types. They are involved in many aspects of cancer pathogenesis from its initiation to progression, metastasis and treatment response. Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the current improvements of life expectancy and survival rate, most of the patients are diagnosed when their cancer has been progressed to advanced stages. Therefore, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of GC to find early-stage biomarkers is urgent. As the list of lncRNAs with deregulated expression in GC is steadily expanding, these molecules offer a source for developing GC-specific biomarkers. In this review, we will present and discuss those lncRNAs whose expression has been shown to be deregulated in GC.
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29
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Liu FT, Zhu PQ, Luo HL, Zhang Y, Qiu C. Prognostic value of long non-coding RNA UCA1 in human solid tumors. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57991-58000. [PMID: 27517147 PMCID: PMC5295406 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have shown that the expression of UCA1 was aberrantly upregulated in various cancer types. High expression of UCA1 was reported to be associated with unfavorable prognosis in cancer patients. Results A total of 1240 patients from 15 articles were included. The results indicated that a significantly shorter OS was observed in patients with high expression level of UCA1 (HR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.43–1.99), in the subgroup analysis, the association was also observed in patients with cancers of digestive system (HR = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.59–2.66). Statistical significance was also observed in subgroup meta-analysis stratified by the cancer type, cut-off value, analysis type and sample size. Furthermore, poorer DFS was observed in patients with high expression level of UCA1 (HR = 2.54; 95% CI: 1.09–4.00). Additionally, the pooled odds ratios (ORs) showed that increased UCA1 was also related to positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.06–4.30), distant metastasis (OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.77–5.58) and poor clinical stage (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 2.08–3.68). Materials and Methods A comprehensive retrieval was conducted in multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI. We collected relevant articles to explore the association between the expression levels of UCA1 and prognosis. Conclusions High expression level of UCA1 was associated with poor clinical outcome. UCA1 could serve as a novel biomarker for prognosis and might be a potential predictive factor for clinicopathological characteristics in various cancers. Further studies should be performed to verify the clinical utility of UCA1 in human solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-teng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Pei-qian Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Hong-liang Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330000, Jiangxi Province, P. R. China
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30
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Fotouhi Ghiam A, Taeb S, Huang X, Huang V, Ray J, Scarcello S, Hoey C, Jahangiri S, Fokas E, Loblaw A, Bristow RG, Vesprini D, Boutros P, Liu SK. Long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) mediates radiation response in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:4668-4689. [PMID: 27902466 PMCID: PMC5354863 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance remains a significant obstacle in the treatment of Prostate Cancer (PCa). To simulate the clinical scenario of irradiation resistance (IRR), we created DU145-IRR PCa cell lines by treatment with 2 Gy daily IR for 59 fractions. DU145-IRR cells acquired an aggressive phenotype as evidenced by increased clonogenic survival, tumorigenic potential and invasiveness. We performed transcriptome profiling to discover dysregulated genes in DU145-IRR cells and identified the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), Urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1). We first investigated the role of UCA1 in radiation response and found that UCA1 abundance was significantly higher in DU145-IRR cells compared to control cells. UCA1 siRNA-knockdown reversed the aggressive phenotype and significantly increased sensitivity to IR. UCA1 depletion inhibited growth, induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition and decreased activation of the pro-survival Akt pathway. We then studied the clinical significance of UCA1 expression in two independent cohorts of PCa patients: MSKCC (130 patients) and CPC-GENE (209 patients). UCA1 over-expression was associated with decreased 5-year disease-free survival in MSKCC patients (HR = 2.9; p = 0.007) and a trend toward lower biochemical recurrence-free survival in CPC-GENE patients (HR = 2.7; p = 0.05). We showed for the first time that UCA1 depletion induces radiosensitivity, decreases proliferative capacity and disrupts cell cycle progression, which may occur through altered Akt signaling and induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition. Our results indicate that UCA1 might have prognostic value in PCa and be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Fotouhi Ghiam
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Samira Taeb
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Xiaoyong Huang
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vincent Huang
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jessica Ray
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seville Scarcello
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christianne Hoey
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sahar Jahangiri
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Emmanouil Fokas
- Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Loblaw
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert G Bristow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Danny Vesprini
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul Boutros
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto,, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stanley K Liu
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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31
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Understanding the Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Bladder Cancer: From Dark Matter to Valuable Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071514. [PMID: 28703782 PMCID: PMC5536004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality and morbidity that characterize bladder cancer compel this malignancy into the category of hot topics in terms of biomolecular research. Therefore, a better knowledge of the specific molecular mechanisms that underlie the development and progression of bladder cancer is demanded. Tumor heterogeneity among patients with similar diagnosis, as well as intratumor heterogeneity, generates difficulties in terms of targeted therapy. Furthermore, late diagnosis represents an ongoing issue, significantly reducing the response to therapy and, inevitably, the overall survival. The role of non-coding RNAs in bladder cancer emerged in the last decade, revealing that microRNAs (miRNAs) may act as tumor suppressor genes, respectively oncogenes, but also as biomarkers for early diagnosis. Regarding other types of non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are extensively reviewed in this article, their exact roles in tumorigenesis are—for the time being—not as evident as in the case of miRNAs, but, still, clearly suggested. Therefore, this review covers the non-coding RNA expression profile of bladder cancer patients and their validated target genes in bladder cancer cell lines, with repercussions on processes such as proliferation, invasiveness, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and other molecular pathways which are specific for the malignant transformation of cells.
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32
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Li T, Sun X, Jiang X. UCA1 involved in the metformin-regulated bladder cancer cell proliferation and glycolysis. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28641488 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317710823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite great scientific advances have been achieved in cancer treatment in recent years, the death rate of bladder cancer has been staying at a high level. Metformin, a widely-used and low-cost diabetes medicine, might have the potential of anticancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metformin on bladder cancer cells and to identify potential molecular targets and signaling pathways. Bladder cancer 5637 cells transfected with either pcDNA/UCA1 vector or pcDNA3.1 empty vector were treated with various doses of metformin for different periods of time, and then cell proliferation and glycolysis were assessed. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were applied to examine the expression of long non-coding RNA UCA1 and mammalian target of rapamycin-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway molecules. We found metformin inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. UCA1-overexpressed 5637 cells showed increased proliferation and glycolysis compared with control cells. Metformin downregulated both endogenous and exogenous UCA1 expression, leading to the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-hexokinase 2 signaling pathway. Our study provided the first evidence that metformin inhibited proliferation and glycolysis in cancer cells through regulation of long non-coding RNA UCA1. The discovery also suggested the important roles of long non-coding RNA in chemoprevention, which is a property of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- 1 Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Minimally Invasive Technique and Product Translational Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangzhou Sun
- 3 Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhan Jiang
- 1 Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,2 Minimally Invasive Technique and Product Translational Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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33
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Wang Z, Wang X, Zhang D, Yu Y, Cai L, Zhang C. Long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma–associated 1 as a tumor biomarker for the diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28639914 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317709990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daming Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Licheng Cai
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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34
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Lin Y, Ge Y, Wang Y, Ma G, Wang X, Liu H, Wang M, Zhang Z, Chu H. The association of rs710886 in lncRNA PCAT1 with bladder cancer risk in a Chinese population. Gene 2017. [PMID: 28627442 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The long noncoding RNA PCAT1 is an important gene involved in urinary tumors. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between polymorphisms in PCAT1 and bladder cancer susceptibility. METHODS A two-stage case-control study was conducted to assess the association between four tagging SNPs (i.e., rs4871771, rs1902432, rs16901904 and rs710886) and bladder cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with unconditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS At the first stage of discovery, we identified that SNP rs710886A>G was significantly associated with bladder cancer risk (OR=0.86, 95% CI=0.74-0.99, P=0.046). At the following stage of validation, individuals with GG genotype were found to have a significant reduction in bladder cancer risk compared with those carrying AA genotype (adjusted OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.74-0.93, P=0.001). Furthermore, stratified analyses showed that protective effect of rs710886 was more pronounced in subgroup of age>60 and never smoking, and had little to do with sex. Besides, rs710886 was identified as an eQTL for PCAT1. G allele was consistent with lower PCAT1 expression. CONCLUSION This study indicates that genetic variants in lncRNA PCAT1 were associated with bladder cancer susceptibility and the SNP rs710886 may act as a potential biomarker for bladder cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Lin
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqiu Ge
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyan Wang
- Department of Urology, Huai-An First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai-an, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ma
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanting Liu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiyan Chu
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Terracciano D, Ferro M, Terreri S, Lucarelli G, D'Elia C, Musi G, de Cobelli O, Mirone V, Cimmino A. Urinary long noncoding RNAs in nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: new architects in cancer prognostic biomarkers. Transl Res 2017; 184:108-117. [PMID: 28438520 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several reports over the last 10 years provided evidence that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often altered in bladder cancers. lncRNAs are longer than 200 nucleotides and function as important regulators of gene expression, interacting with the major pathways of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. A large number of lncRNAs has oncogenic function and is more expressed in tumor compared with normal tissues. Their overexpression may be associated with tumor formation, progression, and metastasis in a variety of tumors including bladder cancer. Although lncRNAs have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in cancer biology, the biological functions and prognostic values in nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer remain largely unknown. Nevertheless, a growing body of evidence suggests that several lncRNAs expression profiles in bladder malignancies are associated with poor prognosis, and they can be detected in biological fluids, such as urines. Here, we review current progress in the biology and the implication of lncRNAs associated with bladder cancer, and we discuss their potential use as diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers in bladder malignancies with a focus on their role in high-risk nonmuscle-invasive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Terracciano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Terreri
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lucarelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation-Urology, Andrology and Kidney Transplantation Unit, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Carolina D'Elia
- Urology Department, Central Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Gennaro Musi
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Urology Department, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Cimmino
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a relatively well-characterized class of noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecules, involved in the regulation of various cell processes, including transcription, intracellular trafficking, and chromosome remodeling. Their deregulation has been associated with the development and progression of various cancer types, the fact which makes them suitable as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In recent years, detection of cancer-associated lncRNAs in body fluids of cancer patients has proven itself as an especially valuable method to effectively diagnose cancer. Cancer diagnosis and prognosis employing circulating lncRNAs are preferential when compared to classical biopsies of tumor tissues, especially due to their noninvasiveness, and have great potential for routine usage in clinical practice. Thus, this review focuses on summarizing the perspectives of lncRNAs as biomarkers in cancer, based on evaluating their expression profiles determined in body fluids of cancer patients.
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Droop J, Szarvas T, Schulz WA, Niedworok C, Niegisch G, Scheckenbach K, Hoffmann MJ. Diagnostic and prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs as biomarkers in urothelial carcinoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176287. [PMID: 28430799 PMCID: PMC5400278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are deregulated in cancer and contribute to oncogenesis. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), several lncRNAs have been reported to be overexpressed and proposed as biomarkers. As most reports have not been confirmed independently in large tissue sets, we aimed to validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of lncRNA upregulation in independent cohorts of UC patients. Thus, expression of seven lncRNA candidates (GAS5, H19, linc-UBC1, MALAT1, ncRAN, TUG1, UCA1) was measured by RT-qPCR in cell lines and tissues and correlated to clinicopathological parameters including follow-up data (set 1: N n = 10; T n = 106). Additionally, publicly available TCGA data was investigated for differential expression in UC tissues (set 2: N n = 19; T n = 252,) and correlation to overall survival (OS). All proposed candidates tended to be upregulated in tumour tissues, with the exception of MALAT1, which was rather diminished in cancer tissues of both data sets. However, strong overexpression was generally limited to individual tumour tissues and statistically significant overexpression was only observed for UCA1, TUG1, ncRAN and linc-UBC1 in tissue set 2, but for no candidate in set 1. Altered expression of individual lncRNAs was associated with overall survival, but not consistently between both patient cohorts. Interestingly, lower expression of TUG1 in a subset of UC patients with muscle-invasive tumours was significantly correlated with worse OS in both cohorts. Further analysis revealed that tumours with low TUG1 expression are characterized by a basal-squamous-like subtype signature accounting for the association with poor outcome. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that overexpression of the candidate lncRNAs is found in many UC cases, but does not occur consistently and strongly enough to provide reliable diagnostic or prognostic value as an individual biomarker. Subtype-dependent expression patterns of lncRNAs like TUG1 could become useful to stratify patients by molecular subtype, thus aiding personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Droop
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Wolfgang A. Schulz
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Niedworok
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Günter Niegisch
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kathrin Scheckenbach
- Department of Otolaryngology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Michèle J. Hoffmann
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Profiling of long non-coding RNAs identifies LINC00958 and LINC01296 as candidate oncogenes in bladder cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:395. [PMID: 28341852 PMCID: PMC5428251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been regarded as a critical component in bladder cancer (BC) and lncRNAs have been associated with BC development and progression although their overall expression and functional significance is still unclear. The aim of our study was to identify novel lncRNAs with a functional role in BC carcinogenesis. RNA-sequencing was used to identify aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in 8 normal and 72 BC samples. We identified 89 lncRNAs that were significantly dys-regulated in BC. Five lncRNAs; LINC00958, LINC01296, LINC00355, LNC-CMC1-1 and LNC-ALX1-2 were selected for further analyses. Silencing of LINC00958 or LINC01296 in vitro reduced both cell viability and migration. Knock-down of LINC00958 also affected invasion and resistance to anoikis. These cellular effects could be linked to direct/indirect regulation of protein coding mRNAs involved in cell death/survival, proliferation and cellular movement. Finally, we showed that LINC00958 binds proteins involved in regulation and initiation of translation and in post-transcriptional modification of RNA, including Metadherin, which has previously been associated with BC. Our analyses identified novel lncRNAs in BC that likely act as oncogenic drivers contributing to an aggressive cancerous phenotype likely through interaction with proteins involved in initiation of translation and/or post-transcriptional modification of RNA.
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Xiao JN, Yan TH, Yu RM, Gao Y, Zeng WL, Lu SW, Que HX, Liu ZP, Jiang JH. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 regulates the expression of Snail2 by miR-203 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:981-990. [PMID: 28271214 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is reported to be dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, the functions of UCA1 in HCC still need further study. The aim is to detect the role of UCA1 involving in HCC cells proliferation and invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). METHODS The quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the UCA1 and miR-203 expression levels in 60 cases' HCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Western blotting analysis was performed to detect the EMT markers E-cadherin, Vimentin and transcription factor Snail1, Snail2 expression. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and pull-down assays were used to evaluate whether miR-203 was a target of UCA1. RESULTS Our results showed that UCA1 was markedly upregulated in HCC tissues and higher UCA1 expression in HCC was positively associated with tumor size, vascular invasion and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (P < 0.05). Furthermore, gain-of-function and loss-of-function analysis showed that UCA1 knockdown inhibited HCC cells proliferation and invasion in vitro and xenograft tumour growth in vivo. Moreover, UCA1 overexpression promoted cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HCC via effectively sponging to miR-203 and thereby activating the expression of transcription factor Snail2. CONCLUSIONS Our results identified that UCA1/miR-203/Snail2 pathway might involve in HCC progression. Inhibition of UCA1 acted as a promising therapeutic target for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Nan Xiao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.,Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Ting-Hua Yan
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Rui-Ming Yu
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Wen-Long Zeng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.,Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Sui-Wan Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.,Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Hua-Xing Que
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.,Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Ze-Ping Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Second Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.,Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China
| | - Jin-Hua Jiang
- Department of Oncology and Internal Medicine, Humanity Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, 364000, Fujian, China.
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40
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Zhen S, Hua L, Liu YH, Sun XM, Jiang MM, Chen W, Zhao L, Li X. Inhibition of long non-coding RNA UCA1 by CRISPR/Cas9 attenuated malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:9634-9646. [PMID: 28038452 PMCID: PMC5354759 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 is a novel and effective genome editing technique, but its application is not widely expanded to manipulate long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression. The lncRNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) is upregulated in bladder cancer and promotes the progression of bladder cancer. Here, we design gRNAs specific to UCA1 and construct CRISPR/Cas9 systems targeting UCA1. Single CRISPR/Cas9-UCA1 can effectively inhibit UCA1 expression when transfected into 5637 and T24 bladder cancer cells, while the combined transfection of the two most effective CRISPR/Cas9-UCA1s can generate more satisfied inhibitory effect. CRISPR/Cas9-UCA1s attenuate UCA1 expression via targeted genome-specific DNA cleavage, resulting in the significant inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms associated with the inhibitory effect of CRISPR/Cas9-UCA1 on malignant phenotypes of bladder cancer are attributed to the induction of cell cycle arrest at G1 phase, a substantial increase of apoptosis, and an enhanced activity of MMPs. Additionally, urinary UCA1 can be used as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for bladder cancer as revealed by a meta-analysis. Collectively, our data suggest that CRISPR/Cas9 technique can be used to down-modulate lncRNA expression, and urinary UCA1 may be used as a non-invasive marker for diagnosis of bladder cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/urine
- CRISPR-Associated Proteins/genetics
- CRISPR-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
- Down-Regulation
- G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Gene Targeting/methods
- Humans
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Phenotype
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/urine
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Tumor Burden
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/genetics
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Ling Hua
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Hui Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Min Sun
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Meng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Le Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xu Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, P.R. China
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Chandra Gupta S, Nandan Tripathi Y. Potential of long non-coding RNAs in cancer patients: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:1955-1967. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Subash Chandra Gupta
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221 005 India
| | - Yashoda Nandan Tripathi
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi 221 005 India
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Abstract
Vast parts of mammalian genomes encode for transcripts that are not further translated into proteins. The purpose of the majority of such noncoding ribonucleic acids (RNAs) remained paradoxical for a long time. However, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs are dynamically expressed in different cell types, diseases, or developmental stages to execute a wide variety of regulatory roles at virtually every step of gene expression and translation. Indeed, long noncoding RNAs influence gene expression via epigenetic modulations, through regulating alternative splicing, or by acting as molecular sponges. The abundance of long noncoding RNAs in the cardiovascular system indicates that they may be part of a complex regulatory network governing physiology and pathology of the heart. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted functions of long noncoding RNAs and highlight the current literature with an emphasis on cardiac development and disease. Furthermore, as the enormous spectrum of long noncoding RNAs potentially opens up new avenues for diagnosis and prevention of heart failure, we ultimately evaluate the futuristic prospects of long noncoding RNAs as biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bär
- From Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shambhabi Chatterjee
- From Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- From Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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43
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Kong XZ, Hu SS, Sun Z, Zuo LH, Kang J, Zhu ZF, Tian X, Zhang XJ. Regulation of aerobic glycolysis by long non-coding RNAs in cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 479:28-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chen J, Miao Z, Xue B, Shan Y, Weng G, Shen B. Long Non-coding RNAs in Urologic Malignancies: Functional Roles and Clinical Translation. J Cancer 2016; 7:1842-1855. [PMID: 27698924 PMCID: PMC5039368 DOI: 10.7150/jca.15876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and surveillance for metastasis and recurrences are critical issues of urologic cancer. Deregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in urologic malignancies and represents potential markers or therapeutic targets. However, the utility of lncRNA as biomarkers appears to be overstated due to heterogeneous or irreproducible results from different studies. Thus, a critical and cautious review on the biomarker potential of lncRNAs is needed. This review provides an update on new findings of lncRNA-based markers for urologic cancer. The diverse mechanisms and associated examples of lncRNAs involved during the carcinogenesis of prostate cancer, bladder cancer and renal cancer were discussed in a more balanced and critical manner, as were the suitability of lncRNAs as diagnostic or prognostics markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; School of Chemistry, Biological Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
| | - Zhijun Miao
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Suzhou Dushuhu Hospital, Clinic Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Yuxi Shan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Guobin Weng
- Ningbo Urologic and Nephrotic Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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45
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Carnero E, Barriocanal M, Prior C, Pablo Unfried J, Segura V, Guruceaga E, Enguita M, Smerdou C, Gastaminza P, Fortes P. Long noncoding RNA EGOT negatively affects the antiviral response and favors HCV replication. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:1013-28. [PMID: 27283940 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in viral infection is poorly studied. We have identified hepatitis C virus (HCV)-Stimulated lncRNAs (CSRs) by transcriptome analysis. Interestingly, two of these CSRs (PVT1 and UCA1) play relevant roles in tumorigenesis, providing a novel link between HCV infection and development of liver tumors. Expression of some CSRs seems induced directly by HCV, while others are upregulated by the antiviral response against the virus. In fact, activation of pathogen sensors induces the expression of CSR32/EGOT RIG-I and the RNA-activated kinase PKR sense HCV RNA, activate NF-κB and upregulate EGOT EGOT is increased in the liver of patients infected with HCV and after infection with influenza or Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Genome-wide guilt-by-association studies predict that EGOT may function as a negative regulator of the antiviral pathway. Accordingly, EGOT depletion increases the expression of several interferon-stimulated genes and leads to decreased replication of HCV and SFV Our results suggest that EGOT is a lncRNA induced after infection that increases viral replication by antagonizing the antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carnero
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marina Barriocanal
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Prior
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Unfried
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victor Segura
- Bioinformatics Unit, CIMA and IdisNA University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Enguita
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristian Smerdou
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Puri Fortes
- Department of Gene Therapy and Hepatology, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA) and IdiSNA Navarra Institute for Health Research University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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46
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Insight Into the Role of Long Noncoding RNA in Cancer Development and Progression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 326:33-65. [PMID: 27572126 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a large class of RNA molecules with size larger than 200 nucleotides. They exhibit cellular functions although having no protein-coding capability. Accumulating evidence suggests that long noncoding RNA play crucial roles in cancer biology. Studies showed that deregulation of lncRNA was frequently observed in various types of cancers which contributed heavily to malignant phenotypical changes. Aberration of lncRNA can be induced by a number of factors such as dysregulated signaling pathway, response to catastrophic effect, viral infection, and contact with carcinogens. Meanwhile, alterations of lncRNA expression or function drive subsequent malignant development such as cell transformation or acquisition of stemness characteristics. Here, we give perspectives on recent findings on the involvement of lncRNAs in carcinogenesis and response to adverse tumor environment. Then, we discuss the role of lncRNAs in cancer stem cell which is an important model of cancer emergence. Last, we provide insight on the potential of lncRNAs in modulating environment favorable of cancer development and progression, and evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of lncRNAs in cancer management.
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Qi P, Zhou XY, Du X. Circulating long non-coding RNAs in cancer: current status and future perspectives. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:39. [PMID: 27189224 PMCID: PMC4869386 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of RNA transcripts >200 nucleotides in length with limited protein-coding potential. In addition to their possible role in cancer biology, circulating lncRNAs have emerged as a new class of promising cancer biomarkers, with independent studies demonstrating the feasibility of their use as tools in the diagnosis and prognosis of different types of malignancies and for predicting and possibly monitoring treatment response. However, critical issues are represented by nonuniform sample choice, handling and processing, blood cell contamination during sample preparation and the lack of consensus regarding data normalization. In this review, we discuss the value of circulating lncRNAs in the clinical setting, particularly with respect to their possible implementation as diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer. Although the great potential of circulating lncRNAs as cancer biomarkers would be an important development in disease management, both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may affect their measurement have not been fully characterized. Moreover, the clinical significance of circulating lncRNA may not be proven without a global consensus regarding procedures and standardized protocols for their detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qi
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiang Du
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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LncRNA-UCA1 enhances cell proliferation and 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer by inhibiting miR-204-5p. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23892. [PMID: 27046651 PMCID: PMC4820696 DOI: 10.1038/srep23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent preliminary studies reported the in vitro tumor-promoting effects of long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the in vivo functions and molecular mechanism of UCA1 in CRC remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the detailed role and mechanism of UCA1 in CRC. We found that UCA1 was up-regulated in CRCs and negatively correlated with survival time in two CRC cohorts. Functional assays revealed the in vitro and in vivo growth-promoting function of UCA1 and revealed that UCA1 can decrease the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU by attenuating apoptosis. Further mechanistic studies revealed that UCA1 could sponge endogenous miR-204-5p and inhibit its activity. We also identified CREB1 as a new target of miR-204-5p. The protein levels of CREB1 were significantly up-regulated in CRCs, negatively associated with survival time and positively correlated with the UCA1 expression. The present work provides the first evidence of a UCA1-miR-204-5p-CREB1/BCL2/RAB22A regulatory network in CRC and reveals that UCA1 and CREB1 are potential new oncogenes and prognostic factors for CRC.
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Li Y, Wang T, Li Y, Chen D, Yu Z, Jin L, Ni L, Yang S, Mao X, Gui Y, Lai Y. Identification of long-non coding RNA UCA1 as an oncogene in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:3326-34. [PMID: 26935146 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults, which is associated with poor prognosis and high recurrence. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be dysregulated in cancer and to be important in the regulation of carcinogenesis, thus suggesting that this class of molecules may be used as biomarkers in cancer. The lncRNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) has been observed to be upregulated and to function as an oncogene in certain types of cancer; however, the role of UCA1 in RCC remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to determine the expression and function of UCA1 in RCC. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine the expression levels of UCA1 in 46 paired RCC and adjacent normal tissue samples. Furthermore, qPCR was used to determine the expression levels of UCA1 in four RCC cell lines compared with the human embryonic kidney 293T cell line. The impact of UCA1 on cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis was investigated by wound scratch assay, MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that UCA1 expression levels were significantly increased in RCC tissues and cells, as compared with the controls. Ectopic expression and gene silencing of UCA1 in RCC cell lines exerted opposite effects on cellular proliferation, migration and apoptosis, and the results suggested that UCA1 may function as an oncogene in RCC. These results indicated that UCA1 may be considered as a promising biomarker for diagnosis, and a therapeutic target in RCC. Further research is required to elucidate the role and target genes of UCA1 in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yuchi Li
- Department of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Duqun Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Zuhu Yu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Liangchao Ni
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Shangqi Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yaoting Gui
- The Guangdong and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Male Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
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Silva A, Bullock M, Calin G. The Clinical Relevance of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:2169-82. [PMID: 26516918 PMCID: PMC4695884 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs have long been associated with cancer development and progression, and since their earliest discovery, their clinical potential in identifying and characterizing the disease has been pursued. Long non-coding (lncRNAs), a diverse class of RNA transcripts >200 nucleotides in length with limited protein coding potential, has been only modestly studied relative to other categories of non-coding RNAs. However, recent data suggests they too may be important players in cancer. In this article, we consider the value of lncRNAs in the clinical setting, and in particular their potential roles as diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer. Furthermore, we summarize the most significant studies linking lncRNA expression in human biological samples to cancer outcomes. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and validity of these non-coding RNA transcripts is compared in the various biological compartments in which they have been detected including tumor tissue, whole body fluids and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Silva
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Instituto de Investigação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto 4200, Portugal.
- INEB-Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto 4150-180, Portugal.
- ICBAS-Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, Porto 4050-313, Portugal.
| | - Marc Bullock
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Road, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
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