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Paulson AE, Larson EA, Lee YJ. Mobilized Electrospray Device for On-Tissue Chemical Derivatization in MALDI-MS Imaging. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2024; 35:205-213. [PMID: 38147682 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Applying solutions of a matrix or derivatization agent via microdroplets is a common sample preparation technique for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) experiments. Mobilized nebulizer sprayers are commonly used to create a homogeneous matrix or reagent layer across large surfaces. Electrospray devices have also been used to produce microdroplets for the same purpose but are rarely used for large tissues due to their immobility. Herein, we present a movable electrospray device that can be used for large tissue sample preparation through a simple modification to an automatic commercial nebulizer device. As demonstrated for on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) with Girard's reagent T using a mimetic tissue model, the sprayer has the additional benefit of being able to investigate reaction acceleration in OTCD when comparing electrostatically charged spray to electrostatically neutral spray. Finally, MALDI-MSI of fatty aldehydes is successfully demonstrated in rat brain tissues using this device for both OTCD and matrix application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Paulson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Evan A Larson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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2
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Kret P, Bodzon-Kulakowska A, Drabik A, Ner-Kluza J, Suder P, Smoluch M. Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Biomaterials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6343. [PMID: 37763619 PMCID: PMC10534324 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The science related to biomaterials and tissue engineering accounts for a growing part of our knowledge. Surface modifications of biomaterials, their performance in vitro, and the interaction between them and surrounding tissues are gaining more and more attention. It is because we are interested in finding sophisticated materials that help us to treat or mitigate different disorders. Therefore, efficient methods for surface analysis are needed. Several methods are routinely applied to characterize the physical and chemical properties of the biomaterial surface. Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MSI) techniques are able to measure the information about molecular composition simultaneously from biomaterial and adjacent tissue. That is why it can answer the questions connected with biomaterial characteristics and their biological influence. Moreover, this kind of analysis does not demand any antibodies or dyes that may influence the studied items. It means that we can correlate surface chemistry with a biological response without any modification that could distort the image. In our review, we presented examples of biomaterials analyzed by MSI techniques to indicate the utility of SIMS, MALDI, and DESI-three major ones in the field of biomaterials applications. Examples include biomaterials used to treat vascular system diseases, bone implants with the effects of implanted material on adjacent tissues, nanofibers and membranes monitored by mass spectrometry-related techniques, analyses of drug-eluting long-acting parenteral (LAPs) implants and microspheres where MSI serves as a quality control system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marek Smoluch
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (P.K.); (A.B.-K.); (A.D.); (J.N.-K.); (P.S.)
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3
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Joignant AN, Ritter MM, Knizner KT, Garrard KP, Kullman SW, Muddiman DC. Maximized Spatial Information and Minimized Acquisition Time of Top-Hat IR-MALDESI-MSI of Zebrafish Using Nested Regions of Interest (nROIs). JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2043-2050. [PMID: 37526449 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the spatial resolution of a mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) method results in a more defined heatmap of the spatial distribution of molecules across a sample, but it is also associated with the disadvantage of increased acquisition time. Decreasing the area of the region of interest to achieve shorter durations results in the loss of potentially valuable information in larger specimens. This work presents a novel MSI method to reduce the time of MSI data acquisition with variable step size imaging: nested regions of interest (nROIs). Using nROIs, a small ROI may be imaged at a higher spatial resolution while nested inside a lower-spatial-resolution peripheral ROI. This conserves the maximal spatial and chemical information generated from target regions while also decreasing the necessary acquisition time. In this work, the nROI method was characterized on mouse liver and applied to top-hat MSI of zebrafish using a novel optical train, which resulted in a significant improvement in both acquisition time and spatial detail of the zebrafish. The nROI method can be employed with any step size pairing and adapted to any method in which the acquisition time of larger high-resolution ROIs poses a practical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena N Joignant
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Morgan M Ritter
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kevan T Knizner
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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4
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King ME, Lin M, Spradlin M, Eberlin LS. Advances and Emerging Medical Applications of Direct Mass Spectrometry Technologies for Tissue Analysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2023; 16:1-25. [PMID: 36944233 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-015544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Offering superb speed, chemical specificity, and analytical sensitivity, direct mass spectrometry (MS) technologies are highly amenable for the molecular analysis of complex tissues to aid in disease characterization and help identify new diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers. By enabling detection of clinically actionable molecular profiles from tissues and cells, direct MS technologies have the potential to guide treatment decisions and transform sample analysis within clinical workflows. In this review, we highlight recent health-related developments and applications of direct MS technologies that exhibit tangible potential to accelerate clinical research and disease diagnosis, including oncological and neurodegenerative diseases and microbial infections. We focus primarily on applications that employ direct MS technologies for tissue analysis, including MS imaging technologies to map spatial distributions of molecules in situ as well as handheld devices for rapid in vivo and ex vivo tissue analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E King
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA;
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;
| | - Monica Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA;
| | - Meredith Spradlin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA;
| | - Livia S Eberlin
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;
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5
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Yu X, Liu Z, Sun X. Single-cell and spatial multi-omics in the plant sciences: Technical advances, applications, and perspectives. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100508. [PMID: 36540021 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants contain a large number of cell types and exhibit complex regulatory mechanisms. Studies at the single-cell level have gradually become more common in plant science. Single-cell transcriptomics, spatial transcriptomics, and spatial metabolomics techniques have been combined to analyze plant development. These techniques have been used to study the transcriptomes and metabolomes of plant tissues at the single-cell level, enabling the systematic investigation of gene expression and metabolism in specific tissues and cell types during defined developmental stages. In this review, we present an overview of significant breakthroughs in spatial multi-omics in plants, and we discuss how these approaches may soon play essential roles in plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, P.R. China
| | - Xuwu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, P.R. China.
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6
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Zhang T, Noll SE, Peng JT, Klair A, Tripka A, Stutzman N, Cheng C, Zare RN, Dickinson AJ. Chemical imaging reveals diverse functions of tricarboxylic acid metabolites in root growth and development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2567. [PMID: 37142569 PMCID: PMC10160030 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how plants grow is critical for agriculture and fundamental for illuminating principles of multicellular development. Here, we apply desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) to the chemical mapping of the developing maize root. This technique reveals a range of small molecule distribution patterns across the gradient of stem cell differentiation in the root. To understand the developmental logic of these patterns, we examine tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites. In both Arabidopsis and maize, we find evidence that elements of the TCA cycle are enriched in developmentally opposing regions. We find that these metabolites, particularly succinate, aconitate, citrate, and α-ketoglutarate, control root development in diverse and distinct ways. Critically, the developmental effects of certain TCA metabolites on stem cell behavior do not correlate with changes in ATP production. These results present insights into development and suggest practical means for controlling plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sarah E Noll
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, 91711, USA
| | - Jesus T Peng
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Amman Klair
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Abigail Tripka
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nathan Stutzman
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Casey Cheng
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Alexandra J Dickinson
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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7
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Lorensen MDBB, Bjarnholt N, St-Pierre B, Heinicke S, Courdavault V, O'Connor S, Janfelt C. Spatial localization of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids in Rauvolfia tetraphylla by high resolution mass spectrometry imaging. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2023; 209:113620. [PMID: 36863602 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) are a large group of biosynthetic compounds, which have pharmacological properties. One of these MIAs, reserpine, was discovered in the 1950s and has shown properties as an anti-hypertension and anti-microbial agent. Reserpine was found to be produced in various plant species within the genus of Rauvolfia. However, even though its presence is well known, it is still unknown in which tissues Rauvolfia produce reserpine and where the individual steps in the biosynthetic pathway take place. In this study, we explore how matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) can be used in the investigation of a proposed biosynthetic pathway by localizing reserpine and the theoretical intermediates of it. The results show that ions corresponding to intermediates of reserpine were localized in several of the major parts of Rauvolfia tetraphylla when analyzed by MALDI- and DESI-MSI. In stem tissue, reserpine and many of the intermediates were found compartmentalized in the xylem. For most samples, reserpine itself was mainly found in the outer layers of the sample, suggesting it may function as a defense compound. To further confirm the place of the different metabolites in the reserpine biosynthetic pathway, roots and leaves of R. tetraphylla were fed a stable-isotope labelled version of the precursor tryptamine. Subsequently, several of the proposed intermediates were detected in the normal version as well as in the isotope labelled versions, confirming that they were synthesized in planta from tryptamine. In this experiment, a potential novel dimeric MIA was discovered in leaf tissue of R. tetraphylla. The study constitutes to date the most comprehensive spatial mapping of metabolites in the R. tetraphylla plant. In addition, the article also contains new illustrations of the anatomy of R. tetraphylla.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nanna Bjarnholt
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory and Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1871, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Benoit St-Pierre
- Université de Tours, EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Sarah Heinicke
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Vincent Courdavault
- Université de Tours, EA2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Sarah O'Connor
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Janfelt
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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8
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Cazier H, Malgorn C, Georgin D, Fresneau N, Beau F, Kostarelos K, Bussy C, Campidelli S, Pinault M, Mayne-L'Hermite M, Taran F, Junot C, Fenaille F, Sallustrau A, Colsch B. Correlative radioimaging and mass spectrometry imaging: a powerful combination to study 14C-graphene oxide in vivo biodistribution. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:5510-5518. [PMID: 36853236 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Research on graphene based nanomaterials has flourished in the last decade due their unique properties and emerging socio-economic impact. In the context of their potential exploitation for biomedical applications, there is a growing need for the development of more efficient imaging techniques to track the fate of these materials. Herein we propose the first correlative imaging approach based on the combination of radioimaging and mass spectrometry imaging for the detection of Graphene Oxide (GO) labelled with carbon-14 in mice. In this study, 14C-graphene oxide nanoribbons were produced from the oxidative opening of 14C-carbon nanotubes, and were then intensively sonicated to provide nano-size 14C-GO flakes. After Intravenous administration in mice, 14C-GO distribution was quantified by radioimaging performed on tissue slices. On the same slices, MS-imaging provided a highly resolved distribution map of the nanomaterial based on the detection of specific radical anionic carbon clusters ranging from C2˙- to C9˙- with a base peak at m/z 72 (12C) and 74 (14C) under negative laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) conditions. This proof of concept approach synergizes the strength of each technique and could be advantageous in the pre-clinical development of future Graphene-based biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Cazier
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Malgorn
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SiMos, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dominique Georgin
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Nathalie Fresneau
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Fabrice Beau
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SiMos, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, AV Hill Building, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Stéphane Campidelli
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mathieu Pinault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LEDNA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Frédéric Taran
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Christophe Junot
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Benoit Colsch
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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9
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Ding G, Mugume Y, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ, Liu M, Nettleton DS, Zhao X, Li L, Bassham DC, Nikolau BJ. Biological insights from multi-omics analysis strategies: Complex pleotropic effects associated with autophagy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1093358. [PMID: 36875559 PMCID: PMC9978356 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Research strategies that combine molecular data from multiple levels of genome expression (i.e., multi-omics data), often referred to as a systems biology strategy, has been advocated as a route to discovering gene functions. In this study we conducted an evaluation of this strategy by combining lipidomics, metabolite mass-spectral imaging and transcriptomics data from leaves and roots in response to mutations in two AuTophaGy-related (ATG) genes of Arabidopsis. Autophagy is an essential cellular process that degrades and recycles macromolecules and organelles, and this process is blocked in the atg7 and atg9 mutants that were the focus of this study. Specifically, we quantified abundances of ~100 lipids and imaged the cellular locations of ~15 lipid molecular species and the relative abundance of ~26,000 transcripts from leaf and root tissues of WT, atg7 and atg9 mutant plants, grown either in normal (nitrogen-replete) and autophagy-inducing conditions (nitrogen-deficient). The multi-omics data enabled detailed molecular depiction of the effect of each mutation, and a comprehensive physiological model to explain the consequence of these genetic and environmental changes in autophagy is greatly facilitated by the a priori knowledge of the exact biochemical function of the ATG7 and ATG9 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Ding
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Yosia Mugume
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Meiling Liu
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | | | - Xuefeng Zhao
- Research Information Technology, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
| | - Diane C. Bassham
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Basil J. Nikolau
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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10
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Luo L, Ma W, Liang K, Wang Y, Su J, Liu R, Liu T, Shyh-Chang N. Spatial metabolomics reveals skeletal myofiber subtypes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd0455. [PMID: 36735792 PMCID: PMC10939097 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add0455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle myofibers are heterogeneous in their metabolism. However, metabolomic profiling of single myofibers has remained difficult. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool for imaging molecular distributions. In this work, we optimized the workflow of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-based MSI from cryosectioning to metabolomics data analysis to perform high-spatial resolution metabolomic profiling of slow- and fast-twitch myofibers. Combining the advantages of MSI and liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS), we produced spatial metabolomics results that were more reliable. After the combination of high-spatial resolution MSI and LC-MS metabolomic analysis, we also discovered a new subtype of superfast type 2B myofibers that were enriched for fatty acid oxidative metabolism. Our technological workflow could serve as an engine for metabolomics discoveries, and our approach has the potential to provide critical insights into the metabolic heterogeneity and pathways that underlie fundamental biological processes and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Luo
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwu Ma
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kun Liang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuefan Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiali Su
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruirui Liu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Taoyan Liu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2017-2018. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:227-431. [PMID: 34719822 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2018. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to glycan and glycoprotein analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, new methods, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation and the use of arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly-saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Most of the applications are presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. The reported work shows increasing use of combined new techniques such as ion mobility and highlights the impact that MALDI imaging is having across a range of diciplines. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and the range of applications continue steady progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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12
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Caleb Bagley M, Garrard KP, Muddiman DC. The development and application of matrix assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization: The teenage years. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:35-66. [PMID: 34028071 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In the past 15 years, ambient ionization techniques have witnessed a significant incursion into the field of mass spectrometry imaging, demonstrating their ability to provide complementary information to matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization. Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization is one such technique that has evolved since its first demonstrations with ultraviolet lasers coupled to Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers to extensive use with infrared lasers coupled to orbitrap-based mass spectrometers. Concurrently, there have been transformative developments of this imaging platform due to the high level of control the principal group has retained over the laser technology, data acquisition software (RastirX), instrument communication, and image processing software (MSiReader). This review will discuss the developments of MALDESI since its first laboratory demonstration in 2005 to the most recent advances in 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caleb Bagley
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kenneth P Garrard
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- The Precision Engineering Consortium, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - David C Muddiman
- FTMS Laboratory for Human Health Research, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Molecular Education, Technology, and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Ma S, Leng Y, Li X, Meng Y, Yin Z, Hang W. High spatial resolution mass spectrometry imaging for spatial metabolomics: Advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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14
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Huang J, Gao S, Wang K, Zhang J, Pang X, Shi J, He J. Design and characterizing of robust probes for enhanced mass spectrometry imaging and spatially resolved metabolomics. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Chen Y, Xie Y, Li L, Wang Z, Yang L. Advances in mass spectrometry imaging for toxicological analysis and safety evaluation of pharmaceuticals. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21807. [PMID: 36146929 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Safety issues caused by pharmaceuticals have frequently occurred worldwide, posing a tremendous threat to human health. As an essential part of drug development, the toxicological analysis and safety evaluation is of great significance. In addition, the risk of pharmaceuticals accumulation in the environment and the monitoring of the toxicity from natural medicines have also received ongoing concerns. Due to a lack of spatial distribution information provided by common analytical methods, analyses that provide spatial dimensions could serve as complementary safety evaluation methods for better prediction and evaluation of drug toxicity. With advances in technical solutions and software algorithms, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has received increasing attention as a popular analytical tool that enables the simultaneous implementation of qualitative, quantitative, and localization without complex sample pretreatment and labeling steps. In recent years, MSI has become more attractive, powerful, and sensitive and has been applied in several scientific fields that can meet the safety assessment requirements. This review aims to cover a detailed summary of the various MSI technologies utilized in the biomedical and pharmaceutical area, including technical principles, advantages, current status, and future trends. Representative applications and developments in the safety-related issues of different pharmaceuticals and natural medicines are also described to provide a reference for pharmaceutical research, improve rational clinical medicine use, and ensure public safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiao Xie
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linnan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengtao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Nwabufo CK, Aigbogun OP. The Role of Mass Spectrometry Imaging in Pharmacokinetic Studies. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:811-827. [PMID: 36048000 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2119900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Although liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is the gold standard analytical platform for the quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological samples, it cannot localize them in target tissues.The localization and quantification of drugs and/or their associated metabolites in target tissues is a more direct measure of bioavailability, biodistribution, efficacy, and regional toxicity compared to the traditional substitute studies using plasma.Therefore, combining high spatial resolution imaging functionality with the superior selectivity and sensitivity of mass spectrometry into one analytical technique will be a valuable tool for targeted localization and quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers.Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a tagless analytical technique that allows for the direct localization and quantification of drugs, metabolites, and biomarkers in biological tissues, and has been used extensively in pharmaceutical research.The overall goal of this current review is to provide a detailed description of the working principle of MSI and its application in pharmacokinetic studies encompassing absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity processes, followed by a discussion of the strategies for addressing the challenges associated with the functional utility of MSI in pharmacokinetic studies that support drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chukwunonso K Nwabufo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Omozojie P Aigbogun
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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17
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Dong Y, Aharoni A. Image to insight: exploring natural products through mass spectrometry imaging. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1510-1530. [PMID: 35735199 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00011c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2017 to 2022Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has become a mature molecular imaging technique that is well-matched for natural product (NP) discovery. Here we present a brief overview of MSI, followed by a thorough discussion of different MSI applications in NP research. This review will mainly focus on the recent progress of MSI in plants and microorganisms as they are the main producers of NPs. Specifically, the opportunity and potential of combining MSI with other imaging modalities and stable isotope labeling are discussed. Throughout, we focus on both the strengths and weaknesses of MSI, with an eye on future improvements that are necessary for the progression of MSI toward routine NP studies. Finally, we discuss new areas of research, future perspectives, and the overall direction that the field may take in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Dong
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Asaph Aharoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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18
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Xu Y, Fu X. Reprogramming of Plant Central Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stresses: A Metabolomics View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105716. [PMID: 35628526 PMCID: PMC9143615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses rewire plant central metabolism to maintain metabolic and energy homeostasis. Metabolites involved in the plant central metabolic network serve as a hub for regulating carbon and energy metabolism under various stress conditions. In this review, we introduce recent metabolomics techniques used to investigate the dynamics of metabolic responses to abiotic stresses and analyze the trend of publications in this field. We provide an updated overview of the changing patterns in central metabolic pathways related to the metabolic responses to common stresses, including flooding, drought, cold, heat, and salinity. We extensively review the common and unique metabolic changes in central metabolism in response to major abiotic stresses. Finally, we discuss the challenges and some emerging insights in the future application of metabolomics to study plant responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (X.F.)
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (X.F.)
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19
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Ajith A, Milnes PJ, Johnson GN, Lockyer NP. Mass Spectrometry Imaging for Spatial Chemical Profiling of Vegetative Parts of Plants. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091234. [PMID: 35567235 PMCID: PMC9102225 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The detection of chemical species and understanding their respective localisations in tissues have important implications in plant science. The conventional methods for imaging spatial localisation of chemical species are often restricted by the number of species that can be identified and is mostly done in a targeted manner. Mass spectrometry imaging combines the ability of traditional mass spectrometry to detect numerous chemical species in a sample with their spatial localisation information by analysing the specimen in a 2D manner. This article details the popular mass spectrometry imaging methodologies which are widely pursued along with their respective sample preparation and the data analysis methods that are commonly used. We also review the advancements through the years in the usage of the technique for the spatial profiling of endogenous metabolites, detection of xenobiotic agrochemicals and disease detection in plants. As an actively pursued area of research, we also address the hurdles in the analysis of plant tissues, the future scopes and an integrated approach to analyse samples combining different mass spectrometry imaging methods to obtain the most information from a sample of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Ajith
- Department of Chemistry, Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Phillip J. Milnes
- Syngenta, Jeolott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell RG42 6EY, UK;
| | - Giles N. Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PY, UK;
| | - Nicholas P. Lockyer
- Department of Chemistry, Photon Science Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Correspondence:
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20
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O'Neill KC, Dueñas ME, Larson E, Forsman TT, Lee YJ. Enhancing Metabolite Coverage for Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Through Multiple On-Tissue Chemical Derivatizations. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2437:197-213. [PMID: 34902150 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2030-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to study and visualize metabolites on a cellular and sub-cellular level is important for gaining insights into biological pathways and metabolism of multicellular organisms. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful analytical tool for metabolomics experiments due to its high sensitivity and small sampling size. The spatial resolution in MALDI-MSI is mainly limited by the number of molecules available in a small sampling size. When the sampling size is low enough to achieve cellular or subcellular spatial resolution, signal intensity is sacrificed making poorly ionized metabolites difficult to detect. To overcome this limitation, on-tissue chemical derivatization reactions have been used to enhance the desorption/ionization efficiency of selected classes of compounds by adding a functional group with a permanent positive charge or one that can be easily ionized. By utilizing several chemical derivatizations in parallel, metabolite coverage can be drastically improved. This chapter outlines methodology for sample preparation and data analysis for on-tissue chemical derivatization using various derivatization reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C O'Neill
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Evan Larson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | | | - Young-Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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21
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Unravel the Local Complexity of Biological Environments by MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212393. [PMID: 34830273 PMCID: PMC8623934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic metabolomic methods have proven to be very useful to study functional biology and variation in the chemical composition of different tissues. However, they do not provide any information in terms of spatial localization within fine structures. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) does and reaches at best a spatial resolution of 0.25 μm depending on the laser setup, making it a very powerful tool to analyze the local complexity of biological samples at the cellular level. Here, we intend to give an overview of the diversity of the molecules and localizations analyzed using this method as well as to update on the latest adaptations made to circumvent the complexity of samples. MALDI MSI has been widely used in medical sciences and is now developing in research areas as diverse as entomology, microbiology, plant biology, and plant–microbe interactions, the rhizobia symbiosis being the most exhaustively described so far. Those are the fields of interest on which we will focus to demonstrate MALDI MSI strengths in characterizing the spatial distributions of metabolites, lipids, and peptides in relation to biological questions.
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22
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Nagarkar AA, Root SE, Fink MJ, Ten AS, Cafferty BJ, Richardson DS, Mrksich M, Whitesides GM. Storing and Reading Information in Mixtures of Fluorescent Molecules. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:1728-1735. [PMID: 34729416 PMCID: PMC8554834 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing use of digital technologies requires the rethinking of methods to store data. This work shows that digital data can be stored in mixtures of fluorescent dye molecules, which are deposited on a surface by inkjet printing, where an amide bond tethers the dye molecules to the surface. A microscope equipped with a multichannel fluorescence detector distinguishes individual dyes in the mixture. The presence or absence of these molecules in the mixture encodes binary information (i.e., "0" or "1"). The use of mixtures of molecules, instead of sequence-defined macromolecules, minimizes the time and difficulty of synthesis and eliminates the requirement of sequencing. We have written, stored, and read a total of approximately 400 kilobits (both text and images) with greater than 99% recovery of information, written at an average rate of 128 bits/s (16 bytes/s) and read at a rate of 469 bits/s (58.6 bytes/s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit A. Nagarkar
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Samuel E. Root
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michael J. Fink
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Alexei S. Ten
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Brian J. Cafferty
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Douglas S. Richardson
- Harvard
Center for Biological Imaging, 16 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Department
of Chemistry and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - George M. Whitesides
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard
University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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23
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Medeiros DB, Brotman Y, Fernie AR. The utility of metabolomics as a tool to inform maize biology. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 2:100187. [PMID: 34327322 PMCID: PMC8299083 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the rise of high-throughput omics tools and the importance of maize and its products as food and bioethanol, maize metabolism has been extensively explored. Modern maize is still rich in genetic and phenotypic variation, yielding a wide range of structurally and functionally diverse metabolites. The maize metabolome is also incredibly dynamic in terms of topology and subcellular compartmentalization. In this review, we examine a broad range of studies that cover recent developments in maize metabolism. Particular attention is given to current methodologies and to the use of metabolomics as a tool to define biosynthetic pathways and address biological questions. We also touch upon the use of metabolomics to understand maize natural variation and evolution, with a special focus on research that has used metabolite-based genome-wide association studies (mGWASs).
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Medeiros
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
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24
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Hu W, Han Y, Sheng Y, Wang Y, Pan Q, Nie H. Mass spectrometry imaging for direct visualization of components in plants tissues. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:3462-3476. [PMID: 34245221 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is considered the most informative technique for components identification and has been widely adopted in plant sciences. However, the spatial distribution of compounds in the plant, which is vital for the exploration of plant physiological mechanisms, is missed in MS analysis. In recent years, mass spectrometry imaging has brought a great breakthrough in plant analysis because it can determine both the molecular compositions and spatial distributions, which is conducive to understand functions and regulation pathways of specific components in plants. Mass spectrometry imaging analysis of plant tissue is toward high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, and even single-cell analysis. Despite many challenges and technical barriers, such as difficulties of sample pretreatment caused by morphological diversity of plant tissues, obstacles for high spatial resolution imaging, and so on, lots of researches have contributed to remarkable progress, including improvement in tissue preparation, matrix innovation, and ionization mode development. This review focuses on the advances of mass spectrometry imaging analysis of plants in the last 5 years, including commonly used ionization techniques, technical advances, and recent applications of mass spectrometry imaging in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yehua Han
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yiqi Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
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25
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Taylor M, Lukowski JK, Anderton CR. Spatially Resolved Mass Spectrometry at the Single Cell: Recent Innovations in Proteomics and Metabolomics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:872-894. [PMID: 33656885 PMCID: PMC8033567 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems are composed of heterogeneous populations of cells that intercommunicate to form a functional living tissue. Biological function varies greatly across populations of cells, as each single cell has a unique transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that translates to functional differences within single species and across kingdoms. Over the past decade, substantial advancements in our ability to characterize omic profiles on a single cell level have occurred, including in multiple spectroscopic and mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques. Of these technologies, spatially resolved mass spectrometry approaches, including mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), have shown the most progress for single cell proteomics and metabolomics. For example, reporter-based methods using heavy metal tags have allowed for targeted MS investigation of the proteome at the subcellular level, and development of technologies such as laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LAESI-MS) now mean that dynamic metabolomics can be performed in situ. In this Perspective, we showcase advancements in single cell spatial metabolomics and proteomics over the past decade and highlight important aspects related to high-throughput screening, data analysis, and more which are vital to the success of achieving proteomic and metabolomic profiling at the single cell scale. Finally, using this broad literature summary, we provide a perspective on how the next decade may unfold in the area of single cell MS-based proteomics and metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael
J. Taylor
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jessica K. Lukowski
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Christopher R. Anderton
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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26
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Forsman TT, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. On-tissue boronic acid derivatization for the analysis of vicinal diol metabolites in maize with MALDI-MS imaging. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4709. [PMID: 33629378 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Derivatization reactions are commonly used in mass spectrometry to improve analyte signals, specifically by enhancing the ionization efficiency of those compounds. Vicinal diols are one group of biologically important compounds that have been commonly derivatized using boronic acid. In this study, a boronic acid with a tertiary amine was adapted for the derivatization of vicinal diol metabolites in B73 maize tissue cross-sections for mass spectrometry imaging analysis. Using this method, dozens of vicinal diol metabolites were derivatized, effectively improving the signal of those metabolites. Many of these metabolites were tentatively assigned using high-resolution accurate mass measurements. In addition, reaction interference and cross-reactivity with various other functional groups were systematically studied to verify data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor T Forsman
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | | | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
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27
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Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. Single-Cell Metabolomics by Mass Spectrometry Imaging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1280:69-82. [PMID: 33791975 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular organisms achieve their complex living activities through the highly organized metabolic interplay of individual cells and tissues. This complexity has driven the need to spatially resolve metabolomics down to the cellular and subcellular level. Recent technological advances have enabled mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), especially matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), to become a powerful tool for the visualization of molecular species down to subcellular spatial resolution. In the present chapter, we summarize recent advances in the field of MALDI-MSI, with respect to single-cell level resolution metabolomics directly on tissue. In more detail, we focus on advancements in instrumentation for MSI at single-cell resolution, and the applications towards metabolomic scale imaging. Finally, we discuss new computational tools to aid in metabolite identification, future perspective, and the overall direction that the field of single-cell metabolomics directly on tissue may take in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Dueñas
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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28
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Sharma L, Roy A, Panja S, De S. An easy to construct sub-micron resolution imaging system. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21796. [PMID: 33311632 PMCID: PMC7732857 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78509-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report an easy to construct imaging system that can resolve particles separated by [Formula: see text] 0.68 [Formula: see text]m with minimum aberrations. Its first photon collecting lens is placed at a distance of 31.6 mm giving wide optical access. The microscope has a Numerical Aperture (NA) of 0.33, which is able to collect signal over 0.36 sr. The diffraction limited objective and magnifier recollects 77% photons into the central disc of the image with a transverse spherical aberration of 0.05 mm and magnification upto 238. The system has a depth of field of 142 [Formula: see text]m and a field of view of 56 [Formula: see text]m which images a large ensemble of atoms. The imaging system gives a diffraction limited performance over visible to near-infrared wavelengths on optimization of the working distance and the distance between the objective and magnifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakhi Sharma
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - A Roy
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstrasse 2, Erlangen, 91058, Germany
| | - S Panja
- CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - S De
- Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India.
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McLaughlin N, Bielinski TM, Tressler CM, Barton E, Glunde K, Stumpo KA. Pneumatically Sprayed Gold Nanoparticles for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Neurotransmitters. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:2452-2461. [PMID: 32841002 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is an approach that has demonstrated broad applicability to ionization of different classes of molecules. Here, we show a simple AuNP-based approach for the ionization of neurotransmitters. Specifically, the detection of acetylcholine, dopamine, epinephrine, glutamine, 4-aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, octopamine, and serotonin was achieved at physiologically relevant concentrations in serum and homogenized tissue. Additionally, pneumatic spraying of AuNPs onto tissue sections facilitated mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of rabbit brain tissue sections, zebrafish embryos, and neuroblastoma cells for several neurotransmitters simultaneously using this quick and simple sample preparation. AuNP LDI-MS achieved mapping of neurotransmitters in fine structures of zebrafish embryos and neuroblastoma cells at a lateral spatial resolution of 5 μm. The use of AuNPs to ionize small aminergic neurotransmitters in situ provides a fast, high-spatial resolution method for simultaneous detection of a class of molecules that typically evade comprehensive detection with traditional matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan McLaughlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
| | - Tyler M Bielinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
| | - Caitlin M Tressler
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Eric Barton
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Kristine Glunde
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Katherine A Stumpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
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30
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de Souza LP, Borghi M, Fernie A. Plant Single-Cell Metabolomics-Challenges and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8987. [PMID: 33256100 PMCID: PMC7730874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Omics approaches for investigating biological systems were introduced in the mid-1990s and quickly consolidated to become a fundamental pillar of modern biology. The idea of measuring the whole complement of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites has since become widespread and routinely adopted in the pursuit of an infinity of scientific questions. Incremental improvements over technical aspects such as sampling, sensitivity, cost, and throughput pushed even further the boundaries of what these techniques can achieve. In this context, single-cell genomics and transcriptomics quickly became a well-established tool to answer fundamental questions challenging to assess at a whole tissue level. Following a similar trend as the original development of these techniques, proteomics alternatives for single-cell exploration have become more accessible and reliable, whilst metabolomics lag behind the rest. This review summarizes state-of-the-art technologies for spatially resolved metabolomics analysis, as well as the challenges hindering the achievement of sensu stricto metabolome coverage at the single-cell level. Furthermore, we discuss several essential contributions to understanding plant single-cell metabolism, finishing with our opinion on near-future developments and relevant scientific questions that will hopefully be tackled by incorporating these new exciting technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Perez de Souza
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Müehlenberg 1, Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Monica Borghi
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, 1435 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA;
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Müehlenberg 1, Golm, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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31
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Bringing SEM and MSI Closer Than Ever Before: Visualizing Aspergillus and Pseudomonas Infection in the Rat Lungs. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6040257. [PMID: 33143040 PMCID: PMC7711807 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A procedure for processing frozen rat lung tissue sections for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) from deeply frozen samples initially collected and stored for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) was developed. The procedure employed slow thawing of the frozen sections while floating on the surface and melting in a fixative solution. After the float-washing step, the sections were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series and dried in a critical point dryer. The SEM generated images with well-preserved structures, allowing for monitoring of bacterial cells and fungal hyphae in the infected tissue. Importantly, the consecutive nonfixed frozen sections were fully compatible with MALDI-MSI, providing molecular biomarker maps of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The protocol enables bimodal image fusion in the in-house software CycloBranch, as demonstrated by SEM and MALDI-MSI.
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32
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Montero R, Abad-García B, Garate J, Martín-Saiz L, Barceló-Coblijn G, Fernandez JA. Improving spatial resolution of a LTQ Orbitrap MALDI source. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:1755-1758. [PMID: 32662650 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Here we present a simple and cost effective procedure to improve the spatial resolution of the commercial MALDI source of a LTQ Orbitrap. Based in spatial filtering techniques, we demonstrate that, with minimal modifications of the original set up, the system resolution can be pushed forward to <10 μm. The improved system performance is demonstrated by means of MALDI imaging of human colon biopsies.
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Ščupáková K, Balluff B, Tressler C, Adelaja T, Heeren RM, Glunde K, Ertaylan G. Cellular resolution in clinical MALDI mass spectrometry imaging: the latest advancements and current challenges. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:914-929. [PMID: 31665113 PMCID: PMC9867918 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) is the workhorse of metabolomics, proteomics and lipidomics. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), its extension to spatially resolved analysis of tissues, is a powerful tool for visualizing molecular information within the histological context of tissue. This review summarizes recent developments in MSI and highlights current challenges that remain to achieve molecular imaging at the cellular level of clinical specimens. We focus on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI. We discuss the current status of each of the analysis steps and remaining challenges to reach the desired level of cellular imaging. Currently, analyte delocalization and degradation, matrix crystal size, laser focus restrictions and detector sensitivity are factors that are limiting spatial resolution. New sample preparation devices and laser optic systems are being developed to push the boundaries of these limitations. Furthermore, we review the processing of cellular MSI data and images, and the systematic integration of these data in the light of available algorithms and databases. We discuss roadblocks in the data analysis pipeline and show how technology from other fields can be used to overcome these. Finally, we conclude with curative and community efforts that are needed to enable contextualization of the information obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Ščupáková
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Caitlin Tressler
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tobi Adelaja
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ron M.A. Heeren
- Corresponding author: Ron M.A. Heeren, Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | - Kristine Glunde
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gökhan Ertaylan
- Unit Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
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Resolving Metabolic Heterogeneity in Experimental Models of the Tumor Microenvironment from a Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10060249. [PMID: 32549391 PMCID: PMC7345423 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) comprises complex interactions of multiple cell types that determines cell behavior and metabolism such as nutrient competition and immune suppression. We discuss the various types of heterogeneity that exist in solid tumors, and the complications this invokes for studies of TME. As human subjects and in vivo model systems are complex and difficult to manipulate, simpler 3D model systems that are compatible with flexible experimental control are necessary for studying metabolic regulation in TME. Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) is a valuable tool for tracing metabolic networks in complex systems, but at present does not directly address heterogeneous metabolism at the individual cell level. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of different model systems for SIRM experiments, with a focus on lung cancer cells, their interactions with macrophages and T cells, and their response to modulators in the immune microenvironment. We describe the experimental set up, illustrate results from 3D cultures and co-cultures of lung cancer cells with human macrophages, and outline strategies to address the heterogeneous TME.
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Kuwata K, Itou K, Kotani M, Ohmura T, Naito Y. DIUTHAME enables matrix-free mass spectrometry imaging of frozen tissue sections. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8729. [PMID: 31951673 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A recently developed matrix-free laser desorption/ionization method, DIUTHAME (desorption ionization using through-hole alumina membrane), was examined for the feasibility of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) applied to frozen tissue sections. The permeation behavior of DIUTHAME is potentially useful for MSI as positional information may not be distorted during the extraction of analytes from a sample. METHODS The through-hole porous alumina membranes used in the DIUTHAME chips were fabricated by wet anodization, were 5 μm thick, and had the desired values of 200 nm through-hole diameter and 50% open aperture ratio. Mouse brain frozen tissue sections on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated slides were covered using the DIUTHAME chips and were subjected to MSI experiments in commercial time-of-flight mass spectrometers equipped with solid-state UV lasers after thawing and drying without matrix application. RESULT Mass spectra and mass images were successfully obtained from the frozen tissue sections using DIUTHAME as the ionization method. The mass spectra contained rich peaks in the phospholipid mass range free from the chemical background owing to there being no matrix-derived peaks in that range. DIUTHAME-MSI delivered high-quality mass images that reflected the anatomy of the brain tissue. CONCLUSIONS Analytes can be extracted from frozen tissue by capillary action of the through-holes in DIUTHAME and moisture contained in the tissue without distorting positional information of the analytes. The sample preparation for frozen tissue sections in DIUTHAME-MSI is simple, requiring no specialized skills or dedicated apparatus for matrix application. DIUTHAME can facilitate MSI at a low mass, as there is no interference from matrix-derived peaks, and should provide high-quality, reproducible mass images more easily than MALDI-MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kuwata
- Nagoya University Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kayoko Itou
- Nagoya University Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasuhide Naito
- The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1 Kurematsu-cho, Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan
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Heiles S, Kompauer M, Müller MA, Spengler B. Atmospheric-Pressure MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging at 213 nm Laser Wavelength. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:326-335. [PMID: 32031384 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
First results for a new atmospheric-pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging source operating at 213 nm laser wavelength are presented. The activation of analytes in the 213 nm MALDI process at atmospheric pressure was evaluated and compared to results for 337 nm MALDI and electrospray ionization using thermometer molecules. Different sample preparation techniques for nicotinic acid, the matrix with the highest ionization efficiency at 213 nm of all tested matrices, were evaluated and optimized to obtain small crystal sizes, homogenous matrix layer sample coverage, and high ion signal gains. Mass spectrometry imaging experiments of phospholipids in mouse tissue sections in positive- and negative-ion mode with different lateral resolutions and the corresponding pre-/post-mass spectrometry imaging workflows are presented. The use of custom-made objective lenses resulted in sample ablation spot diameters of on average 2.9 μm, allowing mass spectrometry imaging experiments to be performed with 3 μm pixel size without oversampling. The ion source was coupled to an orbital trapping mass spectrometer offering high mass resolution (>100.000), high mass accuracy (≤ ±2 ppm), and high sensitivity (single pixel on-tissue tandem MS from 6.6 μm2 ablation area). The newly developed 213 nm atmospheric-pressure MALDI source combines the high mass resolution and high mass accuracy performance characteristics of orbital trapping mass spectrometers with high lateral resolution (pixel size ∼3 μm) mass spectrometry imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Mario Kompauer
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Max A Müller
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Bernhard Spengler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen , 35392 Giessen , Germany
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37
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O’Neill KC, Lee YJ. Visualizing Genotypic and Developmental Differences of Free Amino Acids in Maize Roots With Mass Spectrometry Imaging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:639. [PMID: 32523598 PMCID: PMC7261921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are essential biological compounds in plants as they store nitrogen, an essential nutrient, and are the building blocks for proteins that drive biological activity. Amino acids have been studied using a wide variety of analytical techniques in different plant systems, however, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a particularly useful technique as it allows for the simultaneous collection of both chemical and spatial information. In this work, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI is used to study the different localization of free amino acids in the roots of maize inbred lines B73 and Mo17 and their reciprocal hybrids. Because amino acids are difficult to detect in mass spectrometry, especially directly on tissues, a chemical derivatization protocol is utilized to increase the ionization efficiency and improve their detection. We report differences in both abundance and localization of amino acids in B73 and Mo17 maize roots and suggest the hybrids show evidence of inheriting characteristics from both parents. Most genotypic differences are found in the cross-sections near the seed (∼2 cm away) at a later stage of development (10-11 cm in length). Here, B73 has lower amino acid abundance localized primarily to the center of the roots for most amino acids, while Mo17 has much higher abundance localized mainly to the root cortex. This difference in localization is minimized when grown in ammonium ion rich conditions. Roots grown in the presence of 15N-ammonium ions provided additional insight about the amino acid synthesis. The localization of some amino acids, particularly leucine/isoleucine and glutamine, is not affected by the addition of nitrogen and is consistent regardless of the nitrogen source, either from the seeds (14N-labeled) or environment (15N-labeled). Nitrogen uptake from the environment is confined to glutamine, asparagine, and alanine, consistent with their roles in amino acid storage and transportation.
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Bowman AP, Bogie JFJ, Hendriks JJA, Haidar M, Belov M, Heeren RMA, Ellis SR. Evaluation of lipid coverage and high spatial resolution MALDI-imaging capabilities of oversampling combined with laser post-ionisation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:2277-2289. [PMID: 31879798 PMCID: PMC7118047 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02290-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation-mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a powerful technique for visualising the spatial locations of lipids in biological tissues. However, a major challenge in interpreting the biological significance of local lipid compositions and distributions detected using MALDI-MSI is the difficulty in associating spectra with cellular lipid metabolism within the tissue. By-and-large this is due to the typically limited spatial resolution of MALDI-MSI (30–100 μm) meaning individual spectra represent the average spectrum acquired from multiple adjacent cells, each potentially possessing a unique lipid composition and biological function. The use of oversampling is one promising approach to decrease the sampling area and improve the spatial resolution in MALDI-MSI, but it can suffer from a dramatically decreased sensitivity. In this work we overcome these challenges through the coupling of oversampling MALDI-MSI with laser post-ionisation (MALDI-2). We demonstrate the ability to acquire rich lipid spectra from pixels as small as 6 μm, equivalent to or smaller than the size of typical mammalian cells. Coupled with an approach for automated lipid identification, it is shown that MALDI-2 combined with oversampling at 6 μm pixel size can detect up to three times more lipids and many more lipid classes than even conventional MALDI at 20 μm resolution in the positive-ion mode. Applying this to mouse kidney and human brain tissue containing active multiple sclerosis lesions, where 74 and 147 unique lipids are identified, respectively, the localisation of lipid signals to individual tubuli within the kidney and lipid droplets with lesion-specific macrophages is demonstrated. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Bowman
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6629, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen F J Bogie
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jerome J A Hendriks
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Mansour Haidar
- Department of Immunology and Biochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6629, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shane R Ellis
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4I) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6629, ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Wang J, Han X. Analytical challenges of shotgun lipidomics at different resolution of measurements. Trends Analyt Chem 2019; 121:115697. [PMID: 32713986 PMCID: PMC7382544 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The essence of shotgun lipidomics is to maintain consistency of the chemical environment of lipid samples during mass spectrometry acquisition. This strategy is suitable for large-scale quantitative analysis. This strategy also allows sufficient time to collect data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The initial approach of shotgun lipidomics was the electrospray ionization (ESI)-based direct infusion mass spectrometry strategy. With development of mass spectrometry for small molecules, shotgun lipidomics methods have been extended to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) and ambient mass spectrometry, including MS imaging methods. Furthermore, the object of analysis has extended from organ and body fluid levels to tissue and cell levels with technological developments. In this article, we summarize the status and technical challenges of shotgun lipidomics at different resolution of measurements from the mass spectrometry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Wang
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
- Department of Medicine – Diabetes, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA
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40
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Wang T, Cheng X, Xu H, Meng Y, Yin Z, Li X, Hang W. Perspective on Advances in Laser-Based High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2019; 92:543-553. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hexin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yifan Meng
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhibin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Hang
- Department of Chemistry, MOE Key Lab of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Spraggins JM, Djambazova KV, Rivera ES, Migas LG, Neumann EK, Fuetterer A, Suetering J, Goedecke N, Ly A, Van de Plas R, Caprioli RM. High-Performance Molecular Imaging with MALDI Trapped Ion-Mobility Time-of-Flight (timsTOF) Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14552-14560. [PMID: 31593446 PMCID: PMC7382025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) enables the spatially targeted molecular assessment of biological tissues at cellular resolutions. New developments and technologies are essential for uncovering the molecular drivers of native physiological function and disease. Instrumentation must maximize spatial resolution, throughput, sensitivity, and specificity, because tissue imaging experiments consist of thousands to millions of pixels. Here, we report the development and application of a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) trapped ion-mobility spectrometry (TIMS) imaging platform. This prototype MALDI timsTOF instrument is capable of 10 μm spatial resolutions and 20 pixels/s throughput molecular imaging. The MALDI source utilizes a Bruker SmartBeam 3-D laser system that can generate a square burn pattern of <10 × 10 μm at the sample surface. General image performance was assessed using murine kidney and brain tissues and demonstrate that high-spatial-resolution imaging data can be generated rapidly with mass measurement errors <5 ppm and ∼40 000 resolving power. Initial TIMS-based imaging experiments were performed on whole-body mouse pup tissue demonstrating the separation of closely isobaric [PC(32:0) + Na]+ and [PC(34:3) + H]+ (3 mDa mass difference) in the gas phase. We have shown that the MALDI timsTOF platform can maintain reasonable data acquisition rates (>2 pixels/s) while providing the specificity necessary to differentiate components in complex mixtures of lipid adducts. The combination of high-spatial-resolution and throughput imaging capabilities with high-performance TIMS separations provides a uniquely tunable platform to address many challenges associated with advanced molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , 607 Light Hall , Nashville , Tennessee 37205 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822 , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Katerina V Djambazova
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822 , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
| | - Emilio S Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , 607 Light Hall , Nashville , Tennessee 37205 , United States
| | - Lukasz G Migas
- Delft Center for Systems and Control (DCSC) , Delft University of Technology , 2628 CD Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth K Neumann
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , 607 Light Hall , Nashville , Tennessee 37205 , United States
| | - Arne Fuetterer
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH , Fahrenheitstraße 4 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | | | - Niels Goedecke
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH , Fahrenheitstraße 4 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Alice Ly
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH , Fahrenheitstraße 4 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Raf Van de Plas
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , 607 Light Hall , Nashville , Tennessee 37205 , United States
- Delft Center for Systems and Control (DCSC) , Delft University of Technology , 2628 CD Delft , The Netherlands
| | - Richard M Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University , 607 Light Hall , Nashville , Tennessee 37205 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Vanderbilt University , 7330 Stevenson Center, Station B 351822 , Nashville , Tennessee 37235 , United States
- Department of Pharmacology , Vanderbilt University , 2220 Pierce Avenue , Nashville , Tennessee 37232 , United States
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Dueñas ME, Larson EA, Lee YJ. Toward Mass Spectrometry Imaging in the Metabolomics Scale: Increasing Metabolic Coverage Through Multiple On-Tissue Chemical Modifications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:860. [PMID: 31354754 PMCID: PMC6639774 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the metabolic differences directly on tissues is essential for the comprehensive understanding of how multicellular organisms function. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is an attractive technique toward this goal; however, MSI in metabolomics scale has been hindered by multiple limitations. This is most notable for single cell level high-spatial resolution imaging because of the limited number of molecules in small sampling size and the low ionization yields of many metabolites. Several on-tissue chemical derivatization approaches have been reported to increase MSI signals of targeted compounds, especially in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MSI. Herein, we adopt a combination of chemical derivatization reactions, to selectively enhance metabolite signals of a specific functional group for each consecutive tissue section. Three well-known on-tissue derivatization methods were used as a proof of concept experiment: coniferyl aldehyde for primary amines, Girard's reagent T for carbonyl groups, and 2-picolylamine for carboxylic acids. This strategy was applied to the cross-sections of leaves and roots from two different maize genotypes (B73 and Mo17), and enabled the detection of over six hundred new unique metabolite features compared to without modification. Statistical analysis indicated quantitative variation between metabolites in the tissue sections, while MS images revealed differences in localization of these metabolites. Combined, this untargeted approach facilitated the visualization of various classes of compounds, demonstrating the potential for untargeted MSI in the metabolomics scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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43
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Gilmore IS, Heiles S, Pieterse CL. Metabolic Imaging at the Single-Cell Scale: Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry Imaging. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2019; 12:201-224. [PMID: 30848927 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061318-115516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing appreciation that every cell, even of the same type, is different. This complexity, when additionally combined with the variety of different cell types in tissue, is driving the need for spatially resolved omics at the single-cell scale. Rapid advances are being made in genomics and transcriptomics, but progress in metabolomics lags. This is partly because amplification and tagging strategies are not suited to dynamically created metabolite molecules. Mass spectrometry imaging has excellent potential for metabolic imaging. This review summarizes the recent advances in two of these techniques: matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and their convergence in subcellular spatial resolution and molecular information. The barriers that have held back progress such as lack of sensitivity and the breakthroughs that have been made including laser-postionization are highlighted as well as the future challenges and opportunities for metabolic imaging at the single-cell scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S Gilmore
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom; k
| | - Sven Heiles
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Cornelius L Pieterse
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW, United Kingdom; k
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44
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Yin L, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Gao Y, Gu J. Recent advances in single-cell analysis by mass spectrometry. Analyst 2019; 144:824-845. [PMID: 30334031 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01190g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cells are the most basic structural units that play vital roles in the functioning of living organisms. Analysis of the chemical composition and content of a single cell plays a vital role in ensuring precise investigations of cellular metabolism, and is a crucial aspect of lipidomic and proteomic studies. In addition, structural knowledge provides a better understanding of cell behavior as well as the cellular and subcellular mechanisms. However, single-cell analysis can be very challenging due to the very small size of each cell as well as the large variety and extremely low concentrations of substances found in individual cells. On account of its high sensitivity and selectivity, mass spectrometry holds great promise as an effective technique for single-cell analysis. Numerous mass spectrometric techniques have been developed to elucidate the molecular profiles at the cellular level, including electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), laser-based mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In this review, the recent advances in single-cell analysis by mass spectrometry are summarized. The strategies of different ionization modes to achieve single-cell analysis are classified and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yin
- Research Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Dongminzhu Street, Changchun 130061, PR China.
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45
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Basu SS, McMinn MH, Giménez-Cassina Lopéz B, Regan MS, Randall EC, Clark AR, Cox CR, Agar NYR. Metal Oxide Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MOLI MSI) Using Cerium(IV) Oxide. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6800-6807. [PMID: 31025851 PMCID: PMC6826256 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) is a powerful technique for spatially resolved metabolomics. A variation on MALDI, termed metal oxide laser ionization (MOLI), capitalizes on the unique property of cerium(IV) oxide (CeO2) to induce laser-catalyzed fatty acyl cleavage from lipids and has been utilized for bacterial identification. In this study, we present the development and utilization of CeO2 as an MSI catalyst. The method was developed using a MALDI TOF instrument in negative ion mode, equipped with a high frequency laser. Instrument parameters for MOLI MS fatty acid catalysis with CeO2 were optimized with phospholipid standards and fatty acid catalysis was confirmed using lipid extracts from reference bacterial strains, and sample preparation was optimized using mouse brain tissue. MOLI MSI was applied to the imaging of normal mouse brain revealing differentiable fatty acyl pools in myelinated and nonmyelinated regions. Similarly, MOLI MSI showed distinct fatty acyl composition in tumor regions of a patient derived xenograft mouse model of glioblastoma. To assess the potential of MOLI MSI to detect pathogens directly from tissue, a pseudoinfection model was prepared by spotting Escherichia coli lipid extracts on mouse brain tissue sections and imaged by MOLI MSI. The spotted regions were molecularly resolved from the supporting mouse brain tissue by the diagnostic odd-chained fatty acids and reflected control bacterial MOLI MS signatures. We describe MOLI MSI for the first time and highlight its potential for spatially resolved fatty acyl analysis, characterization of fatty acyl composition in tumors, and its potential for pathogen detection directly from tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankha S. Basu
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | - Madison H. McMinn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University Carbondale
- Harvard-Amgen Scholar, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Michael S. Regan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Amanda R. Clark
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Nathalie Y. R. Agar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
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46
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Grove KJ, Hoque S, Rudewicz PJ. Investigation of amodiaquine localization in liver lobules using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2019; 33:252-258. [PMID: 30394607 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE High mass and high spatial resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) opens new possibilities for the detailed study of the hepatic metabolism of drugs. The spatial and temporal distribution of drug metabolites within liver lobules, anatomical subunits of the liver, may aid in the understanding of the formation of reactive metabolites that bind to liver proteins and cause drug-induced liver injury. METHODS Frozen livers obtained from rats dosed orally with amodiaquine (100 mg/kg) were sectioned at 10 μm and coated with a MALDI matrix. The liver sections were then analyzed using a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer. Images corresponding to amodiaquine and its metabolites were obtained at a spatial resolution of 25 μm. RESULTS Molecular images of amodiaquine within liver lobules have higher intensities near the portal triad and lower intensities near the central vein. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that MALDI IMS can be used to investigate the metabolism of drugs within liver lobules. The results are consistent with existing knowledge of amodiaquine metabolism and reactive metabolite formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri J Grove
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Shaila Hoque
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
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Bednařík A, Machálková M, Moskovets E, Coufalíková K, Krásenský P, Houška P, Kroupa J, Navrátilová J, Šmarda J, Preisler J. MALDI MS Imaging at Acquisition Rates Exceeding 100 Pixels per Second. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:289-298. [PMID: 30456596 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2078-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The practicality of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) applied to molecular imaging of biological tissues is limited by the analysis speed. Typically, a relatively low speed of stop-and-go micromotion of XY stages is considered as a factor substantially reducing the rate with which fresh sample material can be supplied to the laser spot. The sample scan rate in our laboratory-built high-throughput imaging TOF mass spectrometer was significantly improved through the use of a galvanometer-based optical scanner performing fast laser spot repositioning on a target plate. The optical system incorporated into the ion source of our MALDI TOF mass spectrometer allowed focusing the laser beam via a modified grid into a 10-μm round spot. This permitted the acquisition of high-resolution MS images with a well-defined pixel size at acquisition rates exceeding 100 pixel/s. The influence of selected parameters on the total MS imaging time is discussed. The new scanning technique was employed to display the distribution of an antitumor agent in 3D colorectal adenocarcinoma cell aggregates; a single MS image comprising 100 × 100 pixels with 10-μm lateral resolution was recorded in approximately 70 s. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Bednařík
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Machálková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Kateřina Coufalíková
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Krásenský
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Houška
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kroupa
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Navrátilová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Center for Biological and Cellular Engineering, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šmarda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Preisler
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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48
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Hansen RL, Dueñas ME, Lee YJ. Sputter-Coated Metal Screening for Small Molecule Analysis and High-Spatial Resolution Imaging in Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2019; 30:299-308. [PMID: 30341582 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are efficient matrices in laser desorption/ionization (LDI) mass spectrometry (MS), especially for the profiling or imaging of small molecules. Recently, solvent-free physical vapor desorption (PVD), or sputter coating, was adopted as a homogenous method to rapidly apply metal nanoparticles (NPs) in situ to samples prior to LDI MS or MS imaging analysis. However, there has been no systematic study comparing different metal targets for the analysis of a variety of small molecule metabolites. Here, we present a screening and optimization of various sputter-coated metals, including Ag, Au, Cu, Pt, Ni, and Ti, for LDI analysis of small molecules in both positive and negative ion modes. Optimized sputter coating is then applied to high-spatial resolution LDI mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of maize root and seed cross-sections. Noble metals, Ag, Au, and Pt, are found to be much more efficient than transition metals and organic matrices for most small metabolites. Sputter-coated metals are efficient for neutral lipids, such as triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols, but are very inefficient for most phospholipids. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Hansen
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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49
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Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cholesterol. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1115:155-166. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-04278-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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50
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Kempa EE, Hollywood KA, Smith CA, Barran PE. High throughput screening of complex biological samples with mass spectrometry – from bulk measurements to single cell analysis. Analyst 2019; 144:872-891. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01448e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We review the state of the art in HTS using mass spectrometry with minimal sample preparation from complex biological matrices. We focus on industrial and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Kempa
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Katherine A. Hollywood
- Manchester Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM)
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester M1 7DN
- UK
| | - Clive A. Smith
- Sphere Fluidics Limited
- The Jonas-Webb Building
- Babraham Research Campus
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Michael Barber Centre for Collaborative Mass Spectrometry
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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