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Chen Y, Liu P, Yi S, Fan C, Zhao W, Liu J. Investigating the shared genetic architecture between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and risk taking behavior: A large-scale genomewide cross-trait analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:22-31. [PMID: 38565336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to explore the genetic architecture shared between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and risk behavior. METHODS Based on the latest large-scale Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we firstly employed Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Local Analysis of Variant Association (LAVA) to investigate the genetic correlation between risk behavior and ADHD. Then, we conducted cross-trait analysis to identified the Pleiotropic loci. Finally, bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis (MR) was applied to examine the causal relationship. RESULTS We found a significant positive genetic correlation between ADHD and risk-taking behavior (rg = 0.351, p = 6.50E-37). The cross-trait meta-analysis identified 27 significant SNPs shared between ADHD and risk behavior. The most significant locus, located near the CADM2 gene on chromosome 3, had been identified associated with this two trait (pADHD = 3.07E-05 and prisk-taking behavior = 2.47E-30). The same situation can also be observed near the FOXP2 gene on chromosome 7 (rs8180817, pmeta = 5.72E-21). We found CCDC171 gene and other genes played a significant role in ADHD and risk behavior in mRNA level. Bidirectional MR analysis found a causal relationship between them. LIMITATION The majority of our data sources were of European origin, which may limit the generalizability of our findings to other ethnic populations. CONCLUSION This article reveals in depth the shared genetic structure between ADHD and risk-taking behavior, finding a significant positive genetic correlation between ADHD and risk-taking behavior. Providing insights for the future treatment and management of these two traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Sijie Yi
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Fan
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China; Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province 410011, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang L, Herzog H. Important role of NPY-Y4R signalling in the dual control of feeding and physical activity. Neuropeptides 2024; 105:102425. [PMID: 38554699 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2024.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The control of feeding and physical activity is tightly linked and coordinated. However the underlying mechanisms are unclear. One of the major regulatory systems of feeding behaviour involves neuropeptide Y (NPY) signalling, with the signalling mediated through NPY Y4 receptor also known to influence activity. Here we show that mice globally lacking the Npy4r (Npy4r-/-) in the absence of access to a running wheel behaved WT-like with regards to food intake, energy expenditure, respiratory exchange ratio and locomotion regardless of being fed on a chow or high fat diet. Interestingly however, when given the access to a running wheel, Npy4r-/- mice while having a comparable locomotor activity, showed significantly higher wheel-running activity than WT, again regardless of dietary conditions. This higher wheel-running activity in Npy4r-/-mice arose from an increased dark-phase running time rather than changes in number of running bouts or the running speed. Consistently, energy expenditure was higher in Npy4r-/- than WT mice. Importantly, food intake was reduced in Npy4r-/-mice under wheel access condition which was due to decreased feeding bouts rather than changes in meal size. Together, these findings demonstrate an important role of Npy4r signalling in the dual control of feeding and physical activity, particularly in the form of wheel-running activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW SYDNEY, NSW 2052, Australia.
| | - Herbert Herzog
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW SYDNEY, NSW 2052, Australia
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Oka A, Hadano S, Ueda MT, Nakagawa S, Komaki G, Ando T. Rare CRHR2 and GRM8 variants identified as candidate factors associated with eating disorders in Japanese patients by whole exome sequencing. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28643. [PMID: 38644811 PMCID: PMC11031761 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are a type of psychiatric disorder characterized by pathological eating and related behavior and considered to be highly heritable. The purpose of this study was to explore rare variants expected to display biological functions associated with the etiology of EDs. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of affected sib-pairs corresponding to disease subtype through their lifetime and their parents. From those results, rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) concordant with sib-pairs were extracted and estimated to be most deleterious in the examined families. Two non-synonymous SNVs located on corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) and glutamate metabotropic receptor 8 (GRM8) were identified as candidate disease susceptibility factors. The SNV of CRHR2 was included within the cholesterol binding motif of the transmembrane helix region, while the SNV of GRM8 was found to contribute to hydrogen bonds for an α-helix structure. CRHR2 plays important roles in the serotoninergic system of dorsal raphe nuclei, which is involved with feeding and stress-coping behavior, whereas GRM8 modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission. Moreover, GRM8 modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission, and is also considered to have effects on dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmission. Thus, identification of rare and deleterious variants in this study is expected to increase understanding and treatment of affected individuals. Further investigation regarding the biological function of these variants may provide an opportunity to elucidate the pathogenesis of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Oka
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Shinji Hadano
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Mahoko Takahashi Ueda
- Department of Genomic Function and Diversity, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokai University, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 259-1292, Japan
| | - Gen Komaki
- Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0001, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ando
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita, Chiba, 286-8686, Japan
- Department of Behavioral Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan
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Ramsay S, Allison K, Temples HS, Boccuto L, Sarasua SM. Inclusion of the severe and enduring anorexia nervosa phenotype in genetics research: a scoping review. J Eat Disord 2024; 12:53. [PMID: 38685102 PMCID: PMC11059621 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-024-01009-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anorexia nervosa has one of the highest mortality rates of all mental illnesses. For those who survive, less than 70% fully recover, with many going on to develop a more severe and enduring phenotype. Research now suggests that genetics plays a role in the development and persistence of anorexia nervosa. Inclusion of participants with more severe and enduring illness in genetics studies of anorexia nervosa is critical. OBJECTIVE The primary goal of this review was to assess the inclusion of participants meeting the criteria for the severe enduring anorexia nervosa phenotype in genetics research by (1) identifying the most widely used defining criteria for severe enduring anorexia nervosa and (2) performing a review of the genetics literature to assess the inclusion of participants meeting the identified criteria. METHODS Searches of the genetics literature from 2012 to 2023 were performed in the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. Publications were selected per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The criteria used to define the severe and enduring anorexia nervosa phenotype were derived by how often they were used in the literature since 2017. The publications identified through the literature search were then assessed for inclusion of participants meeting these criteria. RESULTS most prevalent criteria used to define severe enduring anorexia nervosa in the literature were an illness duration of ≥ 7 years, lack of positive response to at least two previous evidence-based treatments, a body mass index meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 for extreme anorexia nervosa, and an assessment of psychological and/or behavioral severity indicating a significant impact on quality of life. There was a lack of consistent identification and inclusion of those meeting the criteria for severe enduring anorexia nervosa in the genetics literature. DISCUSSION This lack of consistent identification and inclusion of patients with severe enduring anorexia nervosa in genetics research has the potential to hamper the isolation of risk loci and the development of new, more effective treatment options for patients with anorexia nervosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ramsay
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics Program, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Kendra Allison
- School of Nursing, Clemson University , Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Heide S Temples
- School of Nursing, Clemson University , Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Luigi Boccuto
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics Program, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sara M Sarasua
- Healthcare Genetics and Genomics Program, School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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Azmi MB, Jawed A, Ahmed SDH, Naeem U, Feroz N, Saleem A, Sardar K, Qureshi SA, Azim MK. Understanding the impact of structural modifications at the NNAT gene's post-translational acetylation site: in silico approach for predicting its drug-interaction role in anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2023; 28:97. [PMID: 37987927 PMCID: PMC10663277 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01618-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a neuropsychological public health concern with a socially disabling routine and affects a person's healthy relationship with food. The role of the NNAT (Neuronatin) gene in AN is well established. The impact of mutation at the protein's post-translational modification (PTM) site has been exclusively associated with the worsening of the protein's biochemical dynamics. METHODS To understand the relationship between genotype and phenotype, it is essential to investigate the appropriate molecular stability of protein required for proper biological functioning. In this regard, we investigated the PTM-acetylation site of the NNAT gene in terms of 19 other specific amino acid probabilities in place of wild type (WT) through various in silico algorithms. Based on the highest pathogenic impact computed through the consensus classifier tool, we generated 3 residue-specific (K59D, P, W) structurally modified 3D models of NNAT. These models were further tested through the AutoDock Vina tool to compute the molecular drug binding affinities and inhibition constant (Ki) of structural variants and WT 3D models. RESULTS With trained in silico machine learning algorithms and consensus classifier; the three structural modifications (K59D, P, W), which were also the most deleterious substitution at the acetylation site of the NNAT gene, showed the highest structural destabilization and decreased molecular flexibility. The validation and quality assessment of the 3D model of these structural modifications and WT were performed. They were further docked with drugs used to manage AN, it was found that the ΔGbind (kcal/mol) values and the inhibition constants (Ki) were relatively lower in structurally modified models as compared to WT. CONCLUSION We concluded that any future structural variation(s) at the PTM-acetylation site of the NNAT gene due to possible mutational consequences, will serve as a basis to explore its relationship with the propensity of developing AN. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE No level of evidence-open access bioinformatics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Azmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Areesha Jawed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Danish Haseen Ahmed
- Department of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Unaiza Naeem
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Feroz
- Department of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arisha Saleem
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Sardar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Bahria College NORE-1, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - M Kamran Azim
- Department of Biosciences, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Rudolph A, Stengel A, Suhs M, Schaper S, Wölk E, Rose M, Hofmann T. Circulating Neuronatin Levels Are Positively Associated with BMI and Body Fat Mass but Not with Psychological Parameters. Nutrients 2023; 15:3657. [PMID: 37630847 PMCID: PMC10459747 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human genetic studies have associated Neuronatin gene variants with anorexia nervosa (AN) and obesity. Studies on the expression of the Neuronatin gene product, a proteolipid, are lacking. We investigated the relationship between circulating Neuronatin, body mass index (BMI), body composition (BC), physical activity (PA), and psychometric outcomes in patients with AN, normal weight, and obesity. Plasma Neuronatin was measured by ELISA in (1) 79 subjects of five BMI categories (AN/BMI < 17.5 kg/m2; normal weight/BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2; obesity/BMI 30-40 kg/m2; obesity/BMI 40-50 kg/m2; obesity/BMI > 50 kg/m2) with assessment of BC (bioimpedance analysis; BIA); (2) 49 women with AN (BMI 14.5 ± 1.8 kg/m2) with measurements of BC (BIA) and PA (accelerometry); (3) 79 women with obesity (BMI 48.8 ± 7.8 kg/m2) with measurements of anxiety (GAD-7), stress (PSQ-20), depression (PHQ-9) and eating behavior (EDI-2). Overall, a positive correlation was found between Neuronatin and BMI (p = 0.006) as well as total fat mass (FM; p = 0.036). In AN, Neuronatin did not correlate with BMI, FM, or PA (p > 0.05); no correlations were found between Neuronatin and psychometric outcomes in obesity (p > 0.05). The findings suggest an FM-dependent peripheral Neuronatin expression. The decreased Neuronatin expression in AN provides evidence that Neuronatin is implicated in the pathogenesis of eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Rudolph
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Suhs
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Selina Schaper
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Ellen Wölk
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
| | - Matthias Rose
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Quantitative Health Sciences, Outcomes Measurement Science, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Tobias Hofmann
- Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12203 Berlin, Germany; (A.S.)
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, DRK Kliniken Berlin Wiegmann Klinik, 14050 Berlin, Germany
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Franzago M, Orecchini E, Porreca A, Mondanelli G, Orabona C, Dalla Ragione L, Di Nicola M, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E, Beccari T, Ceccarini MR. SLC6A4 DNA Methylation Levels and Serum Kynurenine/Tryptophan Ratio in Eating Disorders: A Possible Link with Psychopathological Traits? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020406. [PMID: 36678277 PMCID: PMC9866524 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The incidence of eating disorders (EDs), serious mental and physical conditions characterized by a disturbance in eating or eating-related behaviors, has increased steadily. The present study aims to develop insights into the pathophysiology of EDs, spanning over biochemical, epigenetic, psychopathological, and clinical data. In particular, we focused our attention on the relationship between (i) DNA methylation profiles at promoter-associated CpG sites of the SCL6A4 gene, (ii) serum kynurenine/tryptophan levels and ratio (Kyn/Trp), and (iii) psychopathological traits in a cohort of ED patients. Among these, 45 patients were affected by restricting anorexia nervosa (AN0), 21 by purging AN (AN1), 21 by bulimia (BN), 31 by binge eating disorders (BED), 23 by unspecified feeding or eating disorders (UFED), and finally 14 by other specified eating disorders (OSFED) were compared to 34 healthy controls (CTRs). Results: Kyn level was higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED compared to CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). On the other hand, AN0, AN1, and BN patients showed significatively lower Kyn levels compared to the other three ED groups but were closed to CTRs. Trp was significantly higher in AN0, AN1, and BN in comparison to other ED groups. Moreover, AN1 and BN showed more relevant Trp levels than CTRs (p <0.001). BED patients showed a lower Trp as compared with CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). In addition, Kyn/Trp ratio was lower in the AN1 subtype but higher in BED, UFED, and OSFED patients than in CTRs (p ≤ 0.001). SCL6A4 DNA methylation level at CpG5 was lower in AN0 compared to BED (p = 0.021), and the CpG6 methylation was also significantly lower in AN0 in comparison to CTRs (p = 0.025). The mean methylation levels of the six CpGs analyzed were lower only in the AN0 subgroup compared to CTRs (p = 0.008). Relevant psychological trait EDI-3 subscales were correlated with biochemical and epigenetic data. Conclusions: These findings underline the complexity of psychological and pathophysiological components of EDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Orecchini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Porreca
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giada Mondanelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ciriana Orabona
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Ragione
- Food Science and Human Nutrition Unit, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ester Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Rachele Ceccarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7905
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Next-Generation Sequencing of a Large Gene Panel for Outcome Prediction of Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247531. [PMID: 36556146 PMCID: PMC9783894 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease in which abnormal deposition of fat threatens health, leading to diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other chronic illnesses. According to the WHO, 19.8% of the adult population in Italy is obese, and the prevalence is higher among men. It is important to know the predisposition of an individual to become obese and to respond to bariatric surgery, the most up-to-date treatment for severe obesity. To this purpose, we developed an NGS gene panel, comprising 72 diagnostic genes and 244 candidate genes, and we sequenced 247 adult obese Italian patients. Eleven deleterious variants in 9 diagnostic genes and 17 deleterious variants in 11 candidate genes were identified. Interestingly, mutations were found in several genes correlated to the Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Then, 25 patients were clinically followed to evaluate their response to bariatric surgery. After a 12-month follow-up, the patients that carried deleterious variants in diagnostic or candidate genes had a reduced weight loss, as compared to the other patients. The NGS-based panel, including diagnostic and candidate genes used in this study, could play a role in evaluating, diagnosing, and managing obese individuals, and may help in predicting the outcome of bariatric surgery.
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DONATO KEVIN, CECCARINI MARIARACHELE, DHULI KRISTJANA, BONETTI GABRIELE, MEDORI MARIACHIARA, MARCEDDU GIUSEPPE, PRECONE VINCENZA, XHUFI SUELA, BUSHATI MARSIDA, BOZO DHURATA, BECCARI TOMMASO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Gene variants in eating disorders. Focus on anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E297-E305. [PMID: 36479493 PMCID: PMC9710388 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder, have a deep social impact, concluding with death in cases of severe disease. Eating disorders affect up to 5% of the population in the industrialized countries, but probably the phenomenon is under-detection and under-diagnosis. Eating disorders are multifactorial disorders, resulting from the interaction between environmental triggers, psychological factors, but there is also a strong genetic component. In fact, genetic factors predispose for approximately 33-84% to anorexia nervosa, 28-83% to bulimia nervosa, and 41-57% to binge eating disorder. Twins and family studies have provided an unassailable proof on the heritability of these disorders. Other types of genetic studies, including genome-wide association studies, whole genome sequencing and linkage analysis, allowed to identify the genes and their variants associated with eating disorders and moreover global collaborative efforts have led to delineate the etiology of these disorders. Next Generation Sequencing technologies can be considered as an ideal diagnostic approach to identify not only the common variants, such as single nucleotide polymorphism, but also rare variants. Here we summarize the present knowledge on the molecular etiology and genetic determinants of eating disorders including serotonergic genes, dopaminergic genes, opioid genes, appetite regulation genes, endocannabinoid genes and vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- KEVIN DONATO
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- Correspondence: Kevin Donato, MAGI EUREGIO, Via Maso della Pieve 60/A, Bolzano (BZ), 39100, Italy. E-mail:
| | - MARIA RACHELE CECCARINI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- C.I.B., Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - TOMMASO BECCARI
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- C.I.B., Consorzio Interuniversitario per le Biotecnologie, Trieste, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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KIANI AYSHAKARIM, DHULI KRISTJANA, DONATO KEVIN, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, CONNELLY STEPHENTHADDEUS, BELLINATO FRANCESCO, GISONDI PAOLO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Main nutritional deficiencies. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E93-E101. [PMID: 36479498 PMCID: PMC9710417 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is the source of energy that is required to carry out all the processes of human body. A balanced diet is a combination of both macro- and micronutrients. "Nutritional inadequacy" involves an intake of nutrients that is lower than the estimated average requirement, whereas "nutritional deficiency" consists of severely reduced levels of one or more nutrients, making the body unable to normally perform its functions and thus leading to an increased risk of several diseases like cancer, diabetes, and heart disease. Malnutrition could be caused by environmental factors, like food scarcity, as well as disease conditions, like anorexia nervosa, fasting, swallowing inability, persistent vomiting, impaired digestion, intestinal malabsorption, or other chronic diseases. Nutritional biomarkers - like serum or plasma levels of nutrients such as folate, vitamin C, B vitamins, vitamin D, selenium, copper, zinc - could be used for the evaluation of nutrient intake and dietary exposure. Macronutrients deficiencies could cause kwashiorkor, marasmus, ketosis, growth retardation, wound healing, and increased infection susceptibility, whereas micronutrient - like iron, folate, zinc, iodine, and vitamin A - deficiencies lead to intellectual impairment, poor growth, perinatal complications, degenerative diseases associated with aging and higher morbidity and mortality. Preventing macro- and micronutrient deficiency is crucial and this could be achieved through supplementation and food-based approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - KEVIN DONATO
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- Correspondence: Kevin Donato, MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano,
39100, Italy. E-mail:
| | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli
IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - STEPHEN THADDEUS CONNELLY
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System,
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of
California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - FRANCESCO BELLINATO
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of
Medicine, University of Verona, Verona,
Italy
| | - PAOLO GISONDI
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of
Medicine, University of Verona, Verona,
Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN),
Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA),
USA
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Azmi MB, Naeem U, Saleem A, Jawed A, Usman H, Qureshi SA, Azim MK. In silico identification of the rare-coding pathogenic mutations and structural modeling of human NNAT gene associated with anorexia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2725-2744. [PMID: 35655118 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased susceptibility towards anorexia nervosa (AN) was reported with reduced levels of neuronatin (NNAT) gene. We sought to investigate the most pathogenic rare-coding missense mutations, non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of NNAT and their potential damaging impact on protein function through transcript level sequence and structure based in silico approaches. METHODS Gene sequence, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NNAT was retrieved from public databases and the putative post-translational modification (PTM) sites were analyzed. Distinctive in silico algorithms were recruited for transcript level SNPs analyses and to characterized high-risk rare-coding nsSNPs along with their impact on protein stability function. Ab initio 3D-modeling of wild-type, alternate model prediction for most deleterious nsSNP, validation and recognition of druggable binding pockets were also performed. AN 3D therapeutic compounds that followed rule of drug-likeness were docked with most pathogenic variant of NNAT to estimate the drugs' binding free energies. RESULTS Conclusively, 10 transcript (201-205)-based nsSNPs from 3 rare-coding missense variants, i.e., rs539681368, rs542858994, rs560845323 out of 840 exonic SNPs were identified. Transcript-based functional impact analyses predicted rs539681368 (C30Y) from NNAT-204 as the high-risk rare-coding pathogenic nsSNP, deviating protein functions. The 3D-modeling analysis of AN drugs' binding energies indicated lowest binding free energy (ΔG) and significant inhibition constant (Ki) with mutant models C30Y. CONCLUSIONS Mutant model (C30Y) exhibiting significant drug binding affinity and the commonest interaction observed at the acetylation site K59. Thus, based on these findings, we concluded that the identified nsSNP may serve as potential targets for various studies, diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE No level of evidence-open access bioinformatics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Azmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Unaiza Naeem
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arisha Saleem
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Areesha Jawed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Usman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - M Kamran Azim
- Department of Biosciences, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi, Pakistan
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