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Oh C, Lim J, Jung YS, Kim Y, Jung K, Hong S, Won Y. Decreasing trends in thyroid cancer incidence in South Korea: What happened in South Korea? Cancer Med 2021; 10:4087-4096. [PMID: 33979040 PMCID: PMC8209587 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Korea has the highest incidence of thyroid cancer in the world. Our study examined the trends in thyroid cancer incidence by the histologic type, cancer stage, and age group and explored possible factors that affected thyroid cancer trends. METHODS We conducted a descriptive epidemiological study using the national cancer registry data and cause of death data from 1999 to 2016 in South Korea. Age-standardized rates were calculated using Segi's world standard population. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to determine the changing point of thyroid cancer trends according to histologic type; Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) summary stage; and age groups by sex. RESULTS The age-standardized incidence of thyroid cancer in both men and women increased from 6.3 per 100,000 people in 1999 to 63.4 per 100,000 in 2012 but declined from 2012 to 2016, before the debates for over diagnosis of thyroid cancer began in 2014. The age-standardized mortality rate of thyroid cancer, incidence of distant thyroid cancer, and incidence of regional and localized thyroid cancer started to decline since early 2000, 2010, and 2012, respectively. In addition, thyroid cancer prevalence in thyroid nodules showed decreasing trends from 1999-2000 to 2013-2014. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of thyroid cancer began declining from 2012, before the debates for over diagnosis of thyroid cancer began in 2014. Changes in guidelines for thyroid nodule examinations may have affected this inflection point. Moreover, the debates for over diagnosis of thyroid cancer may have accelerated the decline in thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang‐Mo Oh
- Department of Preventive MedicineSchool of MedicineKyung Hee UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Division of Cancer Registration and SurveillanceNational Cancer Control InstituteNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
| | - Yuh Seog Jung
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryHead & Neck Oncology ClinicCenter for Thyroid CancerNational Cancer Center HospitalGoyangSouth Korea
- Department of Cancer Control and Population HealthNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and PolicyNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
| | - Yeol Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population HealthNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and PolicyNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
- Division of Cancer Management & PolicyNational Cancer Control InstituteNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
| | - Kyu‐Won Jung
- Division of Cancer Registration and SurveillanceNational Cancer Control InstituteNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
| | - Seri Hong
- Division of Cancer Registration and SurveillanceNational Cancer Control InstituteNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
| | - Young‐Joo Won
- Division of Cancer Registration and SurveillanceNational Cancer Control InstituteNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
- Department of Cancer Control and Population HealthNational Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and PolicyNational Cancer CenterGoyangSouth Korea
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Sui C, Liang N, Du R, He Q, Zhang D, Li F, Fu Y, Dionigi G, Sun H. Time trend analysis of thyroid cancer surgery in China: single institutional database analysis of 15,000 patients. Endocrine 2020; 68:617-628. [PMID: 32124260 PMCID: PMC7308255 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02230-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The institutional database of the Thyroid Surgery Division in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University was queried to audit time trend patterns in thyroid cancer (TC) management between 2008 and 2017. METHODS Retrospective longitudinal analysis. Clinicopathological features and treatment strategies were analyzed. Frequencies and multivariate tests were used to detect correlations. RESULTS Clinical data were obtained from 15,000 TC patients (i.e., 71.3% of 21,044 operations). Papillary was the most common histological subtype (n = 14,916, 99%), and 76% were microcarcinomas. Stage I (95%) and low-risk patients (58%) were prevalent throughout the 10-year period. The trend for total thyroidectomy increased from 29.1% (2008-2012) to 67.9% (2013-2015), and then dropped to 48.6% (2016-2017). A total of 8827 (52%) patients received central lymph node dissection (CLND). The tendency for CLND increased from 15.7 to 86.4% during the 10-year period. While the trend of lateral lymph node dissection decreased from 71.3 to 13.3%. Radioactive iodine therapy was offered to 10% of patients (2008-2012), except for a low value (5.4%) in 2009, and then increased from 12.3% (2012) to 41.3% (2015), while decreased to 32.4% (2017). CONCLUSION The surgical management of TC patients has undergone continuous changes over the past 10 years. The evolution from aggressive treatment to a more conservative approach has been constant. Our results suggest that the current surgical management approach for TC is adequate and in support of the published guidelines. Our findings warrant further investigation to determine the clinical implications of decision making for TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqiu Sui
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui Du
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qiao He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Fang Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yantao Fu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital "G. Martino", The University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125, Messina, Italy
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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Sun H, Carcoforo P, Dionigi G. Puzzle over active surveillance for micropapillary thyroid carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:132. [PMID: 29955592 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.02.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It is worth distinguishing between the two strategies of management for low risk micropapillary thyroid cancer (MPTC). Immediate therapy, whereas active surveillance (AS) entails delivering curative treatment on signs of disease progression. AS appears to reduce overtreatment in patients with low-risk MPTC without compromising cancer-specific survival at 10 years. Therefore, AS is an option for select patients who want to avoid the side-effects inherent to the different types of immediate treatment. However, inclusion criteria for AS and the most appropriate method of monitoring patients on AS have not yet been standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, China Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Paolo Carcoforo
- Department of Surgery, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, S. Anna University Hospital and University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, S. Anna University Hospital and University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Dionigi G. Is advocacy for active surveillance over definitive intervention in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma applicable to European patients? Gland Surg 2018; 7:242-243. [PMID: 29770318 DOI: 10.21037/gs.2017.12.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Sun H, Dionigi G. Active Surveillance of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Mini-Review from Korea (Endocrinol Metab 2017;32:399-406, Tae Yong Kim et al.). Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2018; 33:135-136. [PMID: 29589395 PMCID: PMC5874190 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2018.33.1.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Gianlorenzo Dionigi
- Division for Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "G. Barresi", University Hospital G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Ultrasound Risk Categories for Thyroid Nodules and Cytology Results: A Single Institution's Experience after the Adoption of the 2016 Update of Medical Guidelines by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi. J Thyroid Res 2017; 2017:8135415. [PMID: 28744392 PMCID: PMC5506477 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8135415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In 2016, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) and Associazione Medici Endocrinologi (AME) released updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to evaluate the AACE/AME recommendations for FNA in clinical practice, by comparing the (US) stratification risk and indications for FNA with cytologic results. Methods From May to December 2016, we collected the cytologic results from FNAs of nodules that were classified using a three-tier US category system (low, intermediate, and high risk). Results We obtained 859 FNAs from 598 patients: 341 (39.7%) from low, 489 (56.9%) from intermediate, and 29 (3.4%) from high risk nodules. Of these, 88.5% and 74.9% of low and intermediate risk nodules, respectively, were cytologically benign, whereas 84.6% of high risk nodules had a moderate-to-elevated risk of malignancy or were malignant. If FNAs had been limited to intermediate risk nodules >20 mm, we would have missed 13/17 (76.5%) nodules that had moderate-to-elevated risk of malignancy or were malignant (11/13 were malignant based on histology). Conclusions A nonnegligible number of cytologically malignant nodules or nodules that were suspected to be malignant would be missed if intermediate US risk nodules <20 mm were not biopsied.
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Pacini F. Endopoints for screening thyroid cancer in the Republic of Korea: thyroid specialists' perspectives. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:689-690. [PMID: 28205114 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0613-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Furio Pacini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Via bracci, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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