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Buchberger A, Riker K, Bernal-Chanchavac J, Narayanan RP, Simmons CR, Fahmi NE, Freeman R, Stephanopoulos N. Bioactive Fibronectin-III 10-DNA Origami Nanofibers Promote Cell Adhesion and Spreading. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:10.1021/acsabm.2c00303. [PMID: 36108278 PMCID: PMC10014493 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The integration of proteins with DNA nanotechnology would enable materials with diverse applications in biology, medicine, and engineering. Here, we describe a method for the incorporation of bioactive fibronectin domain proteins with DNA nanostructures using two orthogonal coiled-coil peptides. One peptide from each coiled-coil pair is attached to a DNA origami cuboid in a multivalent fashion by attaching the peptides to DNA handles. These structures can then be assembled into one-dimensional arrays through the addition of a fibronectin domain linker genetically fused with the complementary peptides to those on the origami. We validate array formation using two different self-assembly protocols and characterize the fibers by atomic force and electron microscopy. Finally, we demonstrate that surfaces coated with the protein-DNA nanofibers can serve as biomaterial substrates for fibroblast adhesion and spreading with the nanofibers showing enhanced bioactivity compared to that of the monomeric protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Buchberger
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Kyle Riker
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Julio Bernal-Chanchavac
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Raghu Pradeep Narayanan
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Chad R Simmons
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Nour Eddine Fahmi
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Ronit Freeman
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
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2
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Shi M, Mo W, Qi H, Ni Y, Wang R, Shen K, Zhang F, Jiang S, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang Y, Deng X. Oxygen Ion Implantation Improving Cell Adhesion on Titanium Surfaces through Increased Attraction of Fibronectin PHSRN Domain. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101983. [PMID: 35104391 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic understanding of fibronectin (FN) adsorption which determines cell adhesion on cell-implant interfaces is significant for improving the osteoconduction and soft-tissue healing of implants. Here, it is shown that the adsorption behavior of FN on the titanium oxide surface (TiO2 ) is highly relative to its Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) peptide. FN lacking PHSRN fails to bind to surfaces, resulting in inhibited cell adhesion and spreading. Molecular dynamics simulation shows higher affinity and greater adsorption energy of PHSRN peptide with TiO2 surface due to the stronger hydrogen bonds formed by the serine and arginine residues with O ion of the substrate. Finally, by increasing O content in TiO2 surfaces through O ion-beam implantation, improving the cell adhesion, cell differentiation, and the subsequent biomineralization on titanium implant is realized. This study reveals the vital role of PHSRN in FN-mediated cell adhesion on implant surfaces, providing a promising new target for further tissue integration and implant success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miusi Shi
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Wenting Mo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Haoning Qi
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Kailun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Fanyu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Shuting Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 P. R. China
- School of Stomatology Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430030 P. R. China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan 430022 P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei‐MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xuliang Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing 100081 P. R. China
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3
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Moretti L, Stalfort J, Barker TH, Abebayehu D. The interplay of fibroblasts, the extracellular matrix, and inflammation in scar formation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101530. [PMID: 34953859 PMCID: PMC8784641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Various forms of fibrosis, comprising tissue thickening and scarring, are involved in 40% of deaths across the world. Since the discovery of scarless functional healing in fetuses prior to a certain stage of development, scientists have attempted to replicate scarless wound healing in adults with little success. While the extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts, and inflammatory mediators have been historically investigated as separate branches of biology, it has become increasingly necessary to consider them as parts of a complex and tightly regulated system that becomes dysregulated in fibrosis. With this new paradigm, revisiting fetal scarless wound healing provides a unique opportunity to better understand how this highly regulated system operates mechanistically. In the following review, we navigate the four stages of wound healing (hemostasis, inflammation, repair, and remodeling) against the backdrop of adult versus fetal wound healing, while also exploring the relationships between the ECM, effector cells, and signaling molecules. We conclude by singling out recent findings that offer promising leads to alter the dynamics between the ECM, fibroblasts, and inflammation to promote scarless healing. One factor that promises to be significant is fibroblast heterogeneity and how certain fibroblast subpopulations might be predisposed to scarless healing. Altogether, reconsidering fetal wound healing by examining the interplay of the various factors contributing to fibrosis provides new research directions that will hopefully help us better understand and address fibroproliferative diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, systemic sclerosis, progressive kidney disease, and cardiovascular fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Moretti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jack Stalfort
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas Harrison Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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4
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Debons N, Matsumoto K, Hirota N, Coradin T, Ikoma T, Aimé C. Magnetic Field Alignment, a Perspective in the Engineering of Collagen-Silica Composite Biomaterials. Biomolecules 2021; 11:749. [PMID: 34069793 PMCID: PMC8157240 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Major progress in the field of regenerative medicine is expected from the design of artificial scaffolds that mimic both the structural and functional properties of the ECM. The bionanocomposites approach is particularly well fitted to meet this challenge as it can combine ECM-based matrices and colloidal carriers of biological cues that regulate cell behavior. Here we have prepared bionanocomposites under high magnetic field from tilapia fish scale collagen and multifunctional silica nanoparticles (SiNPs). We show that scaffolding cues (collagen), multiple display of signaling peptides (SiNPs) and control over the global structuration (magnetic field) can be combined into a unique bionanocomposite for the engineering of biomaterials with improved cell performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Debons
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France; (N.D.); (T.C.)
| | - Kenta Matsumoto
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan; (K.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Noriyuki Hirota
- National Institute for Materials Science, Fine Particles Engineering Group, 3-13 Sakura, Tuskuba 305-0003, Japan;
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France; (N.D.); (T.C.)
| | - Toshiyuki Ikoma
- Tokyo Institute of Technology, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ookayama 2-12-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan; (K.M.); (T.I.)
| | - Carole Aimé
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France; (N.D.); (T.C.)
- Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS-ENS-SU UMR 8640, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
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Dems D, Freeman R, Riker KD, Coradin T, Stupp SI, Aimé C. Multivalent Clustering of Adhesion Ligands in Nanofiber-Nanoparticle Composites. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:303-311. [PMID: 33171314 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Because the positioning and clustering of biomolecules within the extracellular matrix dictates cell behaviors, the engineering of biomaterials incorporating bioactive epitopes with spatial organization tunable at the nanoscale is of primary importance. Here we used a highly modular composite approach combining peptide amphiphile (PA) nanofibers and silica nanoparticles, which are both easily functionalized with one or several bioactive signals. We show that the surface of silica nanoparticles allows the clustering of RGDS bioactive signals leading to improved adhesion and spreading of fibroblast cells on composite hydrogels at an epitope concentration much lower than in PA-only based matrices. Most importantly, by combining the two integrin-binding sequences RGDS and PHSRN on nanoparticle surfaces, we improved cell adhesion on the PA nanofiber/particle composite hydrogels, which is attributed to synergistic interactions known to be effective only for peptide intermolecular distance of ca. 5 nm. Such composites with soft and hard nanostructures offer a strategy for the design of advanced scaffolds to display multiple signals and control cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Dems
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Ronit Freeman
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.; Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, 121 South Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, United States
| | - Kyle D Riker
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina, 121 South Rd, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27514, United States
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.; Department of Materials and Science & Engineering; Department of Chemistry; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States; Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North St. Clair Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Carole Aimé
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France.
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Parisi L, Toffoli A, Ghezzi B, Mozzoni B, Lumetti S, Macaluso GM. A glance on the role of fibronectin in controlling cell response at biomaterial interface. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2019; 56:50-55. [PMID: 31890058 PMCID: PMC6928270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The bioactivity of biomaterials is closely related to cell response in contact with them. However, shortly after their insertion, materials are soon covered with proteins that constitute the biological fluids, and which render the direct surface recognition by cells almost impossible. The control of protein adsorption at the interface is therefore desirable. Extracellular matrix proteins are of particular interest in this sense, due to their well-known ability to modulate cell behavior. Particularly, fibronectin plays a leading role, being present in both healthy and injured tissues undergoing healing and regeneration. The aim of the present work is to give an overview on fibronectin and on its involvement in the control of cell behavior providing evidence of its pivotal role in the control of cell adhesion, spreading, migration, proliferation and differentiation. A deep insight into methods to enrich biomaterials surface with fibronectin will be then discussed, as well as new cues on the possibility to design tailored platforms able to specifically retain fibronectin from the surrounding extracellular milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Parisi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Labor für Orale Molekularbiologie, Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Zahnmedizinische Klinik, Universität Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. Present address: Labor für Orale Molekularbiologie, Klinik für Kieferorthopädie, Zahnmedizinische Kliniken, Universität Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Toffoli
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Benedetta Ghezzi
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Beatrice Mozzoni
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Simone Lumetti
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Guido M. Macaluso
- Centro Universitario di Odontoiatria, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Istituto dei Materiali per l’Elettronica e l’Elettromagnetismo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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7
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Li T, Hao L, Li J, Du C, Wang Y. Role of Ninth Type-III Domain of Fibronectin in the Mediation of Cell-Binding Domain Adsorption on Surfaces with Different Chemistries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:9847-9855. [PMID: 30044634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The orientation and conformation of adhesive proteins after adsorption play a central role in cell-binding bioactivity. Fibronectin (Fn) holds two peptide sequences that favor cell adhesion: the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) loop on the tenth type-III domain (Fn-III10) and the Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) synergy site on the ninth type-III domain (Fn-III9). Herein, adsorption of Fn fragments (Fn-III10 and Fn-III9-10) on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) carrying various functional groups (-COOH, -NH2, -CH3, and -OH) was investigated by the Monte Carlo method and molecular dynamics simulation in order to understand its mediation effect on cell adhesion. The results demonstrated that Fn-III9 could enhance the stiffness of the Fn molecule and further fix the adsorption orientation. The RGD site of the Fn fragment appeared to be deactivated on hydrophobic surfaces (CH3-SAM) because of the binding of adjacent nonpolar residues on surfaces, whereas charged surfaces (COOH-SAM and NH2-SAM) and hydrophilic surfaces (OH-SAM) were conducive to the formation of cell-binding-favorable orientation for Fn fragments. The cell adhesion capability of Fn fragments was highly improved on positively charged surfaces (NH2-SAM) and hydrophilic surfaces because of the advantageous steric structure and orientation of both RGD and PHSRN sites. This work provides an insight into the interplay at the atomic scale between protein adsorption and surface chemistry for designing biologically responsive substrate surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , PR China
| | - Lijing Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , PR China
| | - Jiangyu Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle 98195 , Washington , United States
| | - Chang Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , PR China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641 , PR China
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9
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Cao L, Nicosia J, Larouche J, Zhang Y, Bachman H, Brown AC, Holmgren L, Barker TH. Detection of an Integrin-Binding Mechanoswitch within Fibronectin during Tissue Formation and Fibrosis. ACS NANO 2017; 11:7110-7117. [PMID: 28699736 PMCID: PMC5842356 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Fibronectin (Fn) is an extracellular matrix protein that orchestrates complex cell adhesion and signaling through cell surface integrin receptors during tissue development, remodeling, and disease, such as fibrosis. Fn is sensitive to mechanical forces in its tandem type III repeats, resulting in extensive molecular enlongation. As such, it has long been hypothesized that cell- and tissue-derived forces may activate an "integrin switch" within the critical integrin-binding ninth and 10th type III repeats-conferring differential integrin-binding specificity, leading to differential cell responses. Yet, no direct evidence exists to prove the hypothesis nor demonstrate the physiological existence of the switch. We report direct experimental evidence for the Fn integrin switch both in vitro and ex vivo using a scFv engineered to detect the transient, force-induced conformational change, representing an opportunity for detection and targeting of early molecular signatures of cell contractile forces in tissue repair and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Cao
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - John Nicosia
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jacqueline Larouche
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haylee Bachman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ashley C. Brown
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Centrum Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas H. Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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10
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Freeman R, Stephanopoulos N, Álvarez Z, Lewis JA, Sur S, Serrano CM, Boekhoven J, Lee SS, Stupp SI. Instructing cells with programmable peptide DNA hybrids. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15982. [PMID: 28691701 PMCID: PMC5508132 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The native extracellular matrix is a space in which signals can be displayed dynamically and reversibly, positioned with nanoscale precision, and combined synergistically to control cell function. Here we describe a molecular system that can be programmed to control these three characteristics. In this approach we immobilize peptide-DNA (P-DNA) molecules on a surface through complementary DNA tethers directing cells to adhere and spread reversibly over multiple cycles. The DNA can also serve as a molecular ruler to control the distance-dependent synergy between two peptides. Finally, we use two orthogonal DNA handles to regulate two different bioactive signals, with the ability to independently up- or downregulate each over time. This enabled us to discover that neural stem cells, derived from the murine spinal cord and organized as neurospheres, can be triggered to migrate out in response to an exogenous signal but then regroup into a neurosphere as the signal is removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Freeman
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Zaida Álvarez
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Jacob A Lewis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Shantanu Sur
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Chris M Serrano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Sungsoo S. Lee
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Samuel I. Stupp
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, 303 East Superior Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, 251 East Huron Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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11
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Fibronectin, the extracellular glue. Matrix Biol 2017; 60-61:27-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Poly(Lactic Acid) Nanoparticles Targeting α5β1 Integrin as Vaccine Delivery Vehicle, a Prospective Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167663. [PMID: 27973577 PMCID: PMC5156357 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles are vehicles of choice for drug delivery and have the ability to encapsulate and present at their surface different molecules of interest. Among these bio-nanocarriers, poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles have been used as adjuvant and vehicle for enhanced vaccine efficacy. In order to develop an approach to efficient vaccine delivery, we developed nanoparticles to target α5β1 positive cells. We first overproduced, in bacteria, human fibronectin FNIII9/10 recombinant proteins possessing an integrin α5β1 binding site, the RGDS sequence, or a mutated form of this site. After having confirmed the integrin binding properties of these recombinant proteins in cell culture assays, we were able to formulate PLA nanoparticles with these FNIII9/10 proteins at their surface. We then confirmed, by fluorescence and confocal microscopy, an enhanced cellular uptake by α5β1+ cells of RGDS-FNIII9/10 coated PLA nanoparticles, in comparison to KGES-FNIII9/10 coated or non-coated controls. As a first vaccination approach, we prepared PLA nanoparticles co-coated with p24 (an HIV antigen), and RGDS- or KGES-FNIII9/10 proteins, followed by subcutaneous vaccine administration, in mice. Although we did not detect improvements in the apparent humoral response to p24 antigen in the serum of RGDS/p24 nanoparticle-treated mice, the presence of the FNIII proteins increased significantly the avidity index of anti-p24 antibodies compared to p24-nanoparticle-injected control mice. Future developments of this innovative targeted vaccine are discussed.
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Slack RJ, Hafeji M, Rogers R, Ludbrook SB, Marshall JF, Flint DJ, Pyne S, Denyer JC. Pharmacological Characterization of the αvβ6 Integrin Binding and Internalization Kinetics of the Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Derived Peptide A20FMDV2. Pharmacology 2016; 97:114-25. [PMID: 26734728 DOI: 10.1159/000443180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A20FMDV2 is a peptide derived from the foot-and-mouth disease virus with a high affinity and selectivity for the alpha-v beta-6 (αvβ6) arginyl-glycinyl-aspartic acid (RGD)-binding integrin. It has been shown to be an informative tool ligand in pre-clinical imaging studies for selective labelling of the αvβ6 integrin in a number of disease models. In a radioligand binding assay using a radiolabelled form of the peptide ([3H]A20FMDV2), its high affinity (K(D): 0.22 nmol/l) and selectivity (at least 85-fold) for αvβ6 over the other members of the RGD integrin family was confirmed. [3H]A20FMDV2 αvβ6 binding could be fully reversed only in the presence of EDTA, whereas a partial reversal was observed in the presence of excess concentrations of an RGD-mimetic small molecule (SC-68448) or unlabelled A20FMDV2. Using flow cytometry on bronchial epithelial cells, the ligand-induced internalization of αvβ6 by A20FMDV2 and latency-associated peptide-1 was shown to be fast (t(1/2): 1.5 and 3.1 min, respectively), concentration-dependent (EC50: values 1.1 and 3.6 nmol/l, respectively) and was followed by a moderately slow return of integrin to the surface. The results of the radioligand binding studies suggest that the binding of A20FMDV2 to the RGD-binding site on αvβ6 is required to maintain its engagement with the hypothesised A20FMDV2 synergy site on the integrin. In addition, there is evidence from flow cytometric studies that the RGD-ligand engagement of αvβ6 post-internalization plays a role in delaying recycling of the integrin to the cell surface. This mechanism may act as a homeostatic control of membrane αvβ6 following RGD ligand engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Slack
- Fibrosis and Lung Injury Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
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Brown AC, Dysart MM, Clarke KC, Stabenfeldt SE, Barker TH. Integrin α3β1 Binding to Fibronectin Is Dependent on the Ninth Type III Repeat. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25534-47. [PMID: 26318455 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.656702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (Fn) is a promiscuous ligand for numerous cell adhesion receptors or integrins. The vast majority of Fn-integrin interactions are mediated through the Fn Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif located within the tenth type III repeat. In the case of integrins αIIbβ3 and α5β1, the integrin binds RGD and the synergy site (PHSRN) located within the adjacent ninth type III repeat. Prior work has shown that these synergy-dependent integrins are exquisitely sensitive to perturbations in the Fn integrin binding domain conformation. Our own prior studies of epithelial cell responses to recombinant fragments of the Fn integrin binding domain led us to hypothesize that integrin α3β1 binding may also be modulated by the synergy site. To explore this hypothesis, we created a variety of recombinant variants of the Fn integrin binding domain: (i) a previously reported (Leu → Pro) stabilizing mutant (FnIII9'10), (ii) an Arg to Ala synergy site mutation (FnIII9(R)→(A)10), (iii) a two-Gly (FnIII9(2G)10) insertion, and (iv) a four-Gly (FNIII9(4G)10) insertion in the interdomain linker region and used surface plasmon resonance to determine binding kinetics of integrin α3β1 to the Fn fragments. Integrin α3β1 had the highest affinity for FnIII9'10 and FnIII9(2G)10. Mutation within the synergy site decreased integrin α3β1 binding 17-fold, and the four-Gly insertion decreased binding 39-fold compared with FnIII9'10. Cell attachment studies demonstrate that α3β1-mediated epithelial cell binding is greater on FnIII9'10 compared with the other fragments. These studies suggest that the presence and spacing of the RGD and synergy sites modulate integrin α3β1 binding to Fn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Brown
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606
| | - Marilyn M Dysart
- the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta Georgia 30332
| | - Kimberly C Clarke
- the School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
| | - Sarah E Stabenfeldt
- the School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, and
| | - Thomas H Barker
- the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta Georgia 30332, the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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15
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Bachman H, Nicosia J, Dysart M, Barker TH. Utilizing Fibronectin Integrin-Binding Specificity to Control Cellular Responses. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:501-511. [PMID: 26244106 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Cells communicate with the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin (Fn) through integrin receptors on the cell surface. Controlling integrin-Fn interactions offers a promising approach to directing cell behavior, such as adhesion, migration, and differentiation, as well as coordinated tissue behaviors such as morphogenesis and wound healing. Recent Advances: Several different groups have developed recombinant fragments of Fn that can control epithelial to mesenchymal transition, sequester growth factors, and promote bone and wound healing. It is thought that these physiological responses are, in part, due to specific integrin engagement. Furthermore, it has been postulated that the integrin-binding domain of Fn is a mechanically sensitive switch that drives binding of one integrin heterodimer over another. Critical Issues: Although computational simulations have predicted the mechano-switch hypothesis and recent evidence supports the existence of varying strain states of Fn in vivo, experimental evidence of the Fn integrin switch is still lacking. Future Directions: Evidence of the integrin mechano-switch will enable the development of new Fn-based peptides in tissue engineering and wound healing, as well as deepen our understanding of ECM pathologies, such as fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haylee Bachman
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - John Nicosia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Marilyn Dysart
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Thomas H. Barker
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
- The Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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16
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Tang J, Saito T. Effect of dentine phosphophoryn-derived RGD peptides on odontoblast-like cells. Int Endod J 2015; 49:670-83. [PMID: 26172115 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of RGD peptides derived from dentine phosphophoryn (DPP) on odontoblast-like cell in terms of differentiation and mineralization. METHODOLOGY Mouse dental papilla cell line (MDPC-23), a rat odontoblast-like cell line, was used. Briefly, RGD peptides (RGD-1: SESDNNSSSRGDASYNSDES, RGD-2: ANSESDNNSSSRGDA, RGD-3: SRGDASYNSDESKD) were immobilized onto tissue culture polystyrene dishes (TCPS) assisted by carbodiimide chemistry. Surface characterization including carboxyl group quantification and amino acid analysis was carried out to ensure the existence of peptides on plates. Cells were inoculated to those peptides-modified and control dishes. Next, cell morphology was observed under phase contrast microscopy; cell numbers were counted manually using a hemocytometer. Furthermore, differentiation was examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity quantification, conventional and real-time RT-PCR. Finally, calcific deposition was observed by alizarin red staining and quantified using the cetylpyridinium chloride extraction method. Differences between the experimental groups and the control group were analysed statistically using one-way anova and Tukey's multiple comparison tests. RESULTS Peptides were immobilized onto TCPS successfully as evidenced by carboxyl group density and amino acid analysis. Cell morphology remained unchanged between peptides-immobilized groups and control, but adhered cell numbers were higher on those peptides-immobilized dishes (significant differences existed between RGD-1-0.5 with control, RGD-2-0.1 with control, and RGD-3-0.5 with control, respectively). RGD-3-0.5 exhibited the highest ALP activity on day 7 (P < 0.05) and promoted a twofold greater DMP-1 mRNA expression compared to the control on day 10 (P < 0.05). RGD peptides grafted dishes accelerated the mineralization of cells, amongst the experimental groups tested, RGD-3 groups (comprising RGD-3-0.1 and RGD-3-0.5) had significantly higher amounts of calcific deposition as compared to the control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS RGD peptides originated from DPP especially RGD-3 promoted MDPC-23 differentiation and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tang
- Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences, University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Saito
- Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences, University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
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McIntosh L, Whitelaw C, Rekas A, Holt SA, van der Walle CF. Interrogating protonated/deuterated fibronectin fragment layers adsorbed to titania by neutron reflectivity and their concomitant control over cell adhesion. J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:rsif.2015.0164. [PMID: 25926699 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fibronectin fragment, 9th-10th-type III domains (FIII9-10), mediates cell attachment and spreading and is commonly investigated as a bioadhesive interface for implant materials such as titania (TiO2). How the extent of the cell attachment-spreading response is related to the nature of the adsorbed protein layer is largely unknown. Here, the layer thickness and surface fraction of two FIII9-10 mutants (both protonated and deuterated) adsorbed to TiO2 were determined over concentrations used in cell adhesion assays. Unexpectedly, the isotopic forms had different adsorption behaviours. At solution concentrations of 10 mg l(-1), the surface fraction of the less conformationally stable mutant (FIII9'10) was 42% for the deuterated form and 19% for the protonated form (fitted to the same monolayer thickness). Similarly, the surface fraction of the more stable mutant (FIII9'10-H2P) was 34% and 18% for the deuterated and protonated forms, respectively. All proteins showed a transition from monolayer to bilayer between 30 and 100 mg l(-1), with the protein longitudinal orientation moving away from the plane of the TiO2 surface at high concentrations. Baby hamster kidney cells adherent to TiO2 surfaces coated with the proteins (100 mg l(-1)) showed a strong spreading response, irrespective of protein conformational stability. After surface washing, FIII9'10 and FIII9'10-H2P bilayer surface fractions were 30/25% and 42/39% for the lower/upper layers, respectively, implying that the cell spreading response requires only a partial protein surface fraction. Thus, we can use neutron reflectivity to inform the coating process for generating bioadhesive TiO2 surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa McIntosh
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Christine Whitelaw
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Agata Rekas
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Stephen A Holt
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Road, Lucas Heights, New South Wales 2234, Australia
| | - Christopher F van der Walle
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
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Liu J, Liu S, Chen Y, Zhao X, Lu Y, Cheng J. Functionalized self-assembling peptide improves INS-1 β-cell function and proliferation via the integrin/FAK/ERK/cyclin pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:3519-31. [PMID: 25999715 PMCID: PMC4436204 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s80502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is considered to be a curative treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to β-cell destruction and graft dysfunction. In this study, we developed a functionalized self-assembling peptide, KLD-F, with ECM mimic motifs derived from fibronectin and collagen IV, and evaluated its effect on β-cell function and proliferation. Atomic force microscopy and rheological results showed that KLD-F could self-assemble into a nanofibrous scaffold and change into a hydrogel in physiological saline condition. In a three-dimensional cell culture model, KLD-F improved ECM remodeling and cell-cell adhesion of INS-1 β-cells by upregulation of E-cadherin, fibronectin, and collagen IV. KLD-F also enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and expression of β-cell function genes, including Glut2, Ins1, MafA, and Pdx-1 in INS-1 cells. Moreover, KLD-F promoted proliferation of INS-1 β-cells and upregulated Ki67 expression by mediating cell cycle progression. In addition, KLD-F improved β-cell function and proliferation via an integrin/focal adhesion kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/cyclin D pathway. This study highlights the fact that the β-cell-ECM interaction reestablished with this functionalized self-assembling peptide is a promising method to improve the therapeutic efficacy of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Rice JJ, Martino MM, De Laporte L, Tortelli F, Briquez PS, Hubbell JA. Engineering the regenerative microenvironment with biomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2013. [PMID: 23184739 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Modern synthetic biomaterials are being designed to integrate bioactive ligands within hydrogel scaffolds for cells to respond and assimilate within the matrix. These advanced biomaterials are only beginning to be used to simulate the complex spatio-temporal control of the natural healing microenvironment. With increasing understanding of the role of growth factors and cytokines and their interactions with components of the extracellular matrix, novel biomaterials are being developed that more closely mimic the natural healing environments of tissues, resulting in increased efficacy in applications of tissue repair and regeneration. Herein, the important aspects of the healing microenvironment, and how these features can be incorporated within innovative hydrogel scaffolds, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Rice
- Institute for Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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20
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21
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Kim YJ, Park YJ, Lee YM, Rhyu IC, Ku Y. The biological effects of fibrin-binding synthetic oligopeptides derived from fibronectin on osteoblast-like cells. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2012; 42:113-8. [PMID: 22977740 PMCID: PMC3439522 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2012.42.4.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of synthetic fibronectin (FN) fragments, including fibrin binding sites from amino-terminal FN fragments containing type I repeats 1 to 5, on osteoblast-like cell activity. Methods Oligopeptides ranging from 9 to 20 amino acids, designated FF1, FF3, and FF5, were synthesized by a solid-phase peptide synthesizing system, and we investigated the effects of these peptides on cell attachment and extent of mineralization using confocal microscopy, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays, and Alizarin red S staining. Results FF3 and FF5 peptides increased the number of attached human osteoblastic cells, and FF3 administration led to prominent cell spreading. Mineralization was increased in FF3 and FF5 compared to FF1 and the untreated control. Conclusions Taken together, it can be concluded that the fibrin-binding oligopeptides FF3 and FF5 enhanced cell attachment and mineralization on osteoblast-like cells. These results indicate that FF3 and FF5 have the potential to increase osteoblast-like cell activity. Performing an in vivo study may provide further possibilities for surface modification of biomimetic peptides to enhance osteogenesis, thus improving the regeneration of destroyed alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jeong Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Markowski MC, Brown AC, Barker TH. Directing epithelial to mesenchymal transition through engineered microenvironments displaying orthogonal adhesive and mechanical cues. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:2119-27. [PMID: 22615133 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell interactions with their extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironments play a major role in directing cellular processes that can drive wound healing and tissue regeneration but, if uncontrolled, lead to pathological progression. One such process, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), if finely controlled could have significant potential in regenerative medicine approaches. Despite recent findings that highlight the influence of biochemical and mechanical properties of the ECM on EMT, it is still unclear how these two orthogonal cues act synergistically to control epithelial cell phenotype. Here, we cultured lung epithelial cells on combinations of different mutants of fibronectin's cell binding domain that preferentially engage specific integrins and substrates of varying stiffness. Our results suggest that while stiff substrates induce spontaneous EMT, this response can be overcome by with fragments of fibronectin that support α3 and α5 integrin engagement. Furthermore, we found that substrate-induced EMT correlates with transforming growth factor beta activation by resident epithelial cells and is dependent on Rho/ROCK signaling. Suppressing cell-contractility was sufficient to maintain an epithelial phenotype. Our results suggest that integrin-specific engagement of fibronectin adhesive domains and the mechanics of the ECM act synergistically to direct EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C Markowski
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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23
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Li Z, Kreiner M, Edrada-Ebel R, Cui Z, van der Walle CF, Mardon HJ. Perfusion culture enhanced human endometrial stromal cell growth in alginate-multivalent integrin α5β1 ligand scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 99:211-20. [PMID: 21976446 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A method to functionalize alginate by introducing monomeric or self-assembling (tetrameric) fibronectin (FN) domains is described, leading to a functional scaffold, which is used for three dimensional (3D) culture of human endometrial stromal cells (EnSCs). EnSCs encapsulated in the functional alginate were cultured under perfusion using the TissueFlex® platform, a multiple parallel microbioreactor system for 3D cell culture. The effect of the novel scaffold and the effect of perfusion were examined. Cell viability, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition were determined and the results compared with those obtained with cells encapsulated in non-functionalized alginate, and also those without perfusion. Staining for focal adhesions and actin showed maximal cell adhesion only for alginate-tetrameric FN scaffolds under perfusion, associated with a significant increase in cell number over 7 days culture; in contrast to poor cell adhesion and a decrease in cell number for non-functionalized alginate scaffolds (irrespective of perfused/static culture) and 3D static culture (irrespective of the scaffold). Conjugation of alginate to FN was an absolute requirement to attenuate the loss of cell metabolic activity over 7 days culture. ECM deposition for blank alginate and alginate-monomeric FN was similar, but increased around 2-fold and 3-fold for alginate-tetrameric FN under static and perfusion culture, respectively. It is concluded that the requirement for EnSC engagement with multivalent integrin α5β1 ligands and perfused culture are both essential as a first step toward endometrial tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Li
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Hoefling M, Monti S, Corni S, Gottschalk KE. Interaction of β-sheet folds with a gold surface. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20925. [PMID: 21687744 PMCID: PMC3110247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The adsorption of proteins on inorganic surfaces is of fundamental biological importance. Further, biomedical and nanotechnological applications increasingly use interfaces between inorganic material and polypeptides. Yet, the underlying adsorption mechanism of polypeptides on surfaces is not well understood and experimentally difficult to analyze. Therefore, we investigate here the interactions of polypeptides with a gold(111) surface using computational molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a polarizable gold model in explicit water. Our focus in this paper is the investigation of the interaction of polypeptides with β-sheet folds. First, we concentrate on a β-sheet forming model peptide. Second, we investigate the interactions of two domains with high β-sheet content of the biologically important extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (FN). We find that adsorption occurs in a stepwise mechanism both for the model peptide and the protein. The positively charged amino acid Arg facilitates the initial contact formation between protein and gold surface. Our results suggest that an effective gold-binding surface patch is overall uncharged, but contains Arg for contact initiation. The polypeptides do not unfold on the gold surface within the simulation time. However, for the two FN domains, the relative domain-domain orientation changes. The observation of a very fast and strong adsorption indicates that in a biological matrix, no bare gold surfaces will be present. Hence, the bioactivity of gold surfaces (like bare gold nanoparticles) will critically depend on the history of particle administration and the proteins present during initial contact between gold and biological material. Further, gold particles may act as seeds for protein aggregation. Structural re-organization and protein aggregation are potentially of immunological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hoefling
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susanna Monti
- CNR Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Kay Eberhard Gottschalk
- ZIK HIKE Centre for Humoral Immune Reactions in Cardiovascular Disease, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail:
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HUVEC cell affinity evaluation and integrin-mediated mechanism study on PHSRN-modified polymer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 84:6-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Revised: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Li Z, Kreiner M, van der Walle CF, Mardon HJ. Clustered integrin α5β1 ligand displays model fibronectin-mediated adhesion of human endometrial stromal cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 407:777-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Brown AC, Rowe JA, Barker TH. Guiding epithelial cell phenotypes with engineered integrin-specific recombinant fibronectin fragments. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 17:139-50. [PMID: 20695776 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2010.0199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides important cues for directing cell phenotype. Cells interact with underlying ECM through cell-surface receptors known as integrins, which bind to specific sequences on their ligands. During tissue development, repair, and regeneration of epithelial tissues, cells must interact with an interstitial fibronectin (Fn)-rich matrix, which has been shown to direct a more migratory/repair phenotype, presumably through interaction with Fn's cell binding domain comprised of both synergy Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequences. We hypothesized that the Fn synergy site is critical to the regulation of epithelial cell phenotype by directing integrin specificity. Epithelial cells were cultured on Fn fragments displaying stabilized synergy and RGD (FnIII9'10), or RGD alone (FnIII10) and cell phenotype analyzed by cytoskeleton changes, epithelial cell-cell contacts, changes in gene expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers, and wound healing assay. Data indicate that epithelial cells engage RGD only with αv integrins and display a significant shift toward a mesenchymal phenotype due, in part, to enhanced transforming growth factor-β activation and/or signaling compared with cells on the synergy containing FnIII9'10. These studies demonstrate the importance of synergy in regulating epithelial cell phenotype relevant to tissue engineering as well as the utility of engineered integrin-specific ECM fragments in guiding cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Brown
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0535, USA
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Fong E, Tirrell DA. Collective cell migration on artificial extracellular matrix proteins containing full-length fibronectin domains. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:5271-5275. [PMID: 20886461 PMCID: PMC3027490 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201002448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David A. Tirrell
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Joseph J. Jacobs Institute for Molecular Engineering for Medicine, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA,
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29
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Pulsipher A, Yousaf MN. Surface chemistry and cell biological tools for the analysis of cell adhesion and migration. Chembiochem 2010; 11:745-53, 730. [PMID: 20198673 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Pulsipher
- Department of Chemistry and the Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA
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Self-Assembled Monolayers as Dynamic Model Substrates for Cell Biology. BIOACTIVE SURFACES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Eisenberg JL, Piper JL, Mrksich M. Using self-assembled monolayers to model cell adhesion to the 9th and 10th type III domains of fibronectin. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:13942-51. [PMID: 20560553 PMCID: PMC2790603 DOI: 10.1021/la901528c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Most mammalian cells must adhere to the extracellular matrix (ECM) to maintain proper growth and development. Fibronectin is a predominant ECM protein that engages integrin cell receptors through its Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) peptide binding sites. To study the roles these motifs play in cell adhesion, proteins derived from the 9th (containing PHSRN) and 10th (containing RGD) type III fibronectin domains were engineered to be in frame with cutinase, a serine esterase that forms a site-specific, covalent adduct with phosphonate ligands. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) that present phosphonate ligands against an inert background of tri(ethylene glycol) groups were used as model substrates to immobilize the cutinase-fibronectin fusion proteins. Baby hamster kidney cells attached efficiently to all protein surfaces, but only spread efficiently on protein monolayers containing the RGD peptide. Cells on RGD-containing protein surfaces also displayed defined focal adhesions and organized cytoskeletal structures compared to cells on PHSRN-presenting surfaces. Cell attachment and spreading were shown to be unaffected by the presence of PHSRN when compared to RGD alone on SAMs presenting higher densities of protein, but PHSRN supported an increased efficiency in cell attachment when presented at low protein densities with RGD. Treatment of suspended cells with soluble RGD or PHSRN peptides revealed that both peptides were able to inhibit the attachment of FN10 surfaces. These results support a model wherein PHSRN and RGD bind competitively to integrins--rather than a two-point synergistic interaction--and the presence of PHSRN serves to increase the density of ligand on the substrate and therefore enhance the sticking probability of cells during attachment.
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32
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Dimeric integrin α5β1 ligands confer morphological and differentiation responses to murine embryonic stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 390:716-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mrksich M. Using self-assembled monolayers to model the extracellular matrix. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:832-41. [PMID: 19249721 PMCID: PMC2771169 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 01/07/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix is an insoluble aggregate of large proteins and glycosoaminoglycans that comprises the microenvironment of cells in tissue. The matrix displays a host of ligands that interact with cell-surface receptors to mediate the attachment and spreading of cells and regulate signaling processes. Studies of cell-matrix interactions and downstream signaling processes commonly employ substrates having an adsorbed layer of protein and are challenged by the difficulty in controlling the structure and activity of the immobilized protein. Significant effort has been directed towards the development of model substrates that present adhesion ligands in defined densities, orientations and environments. Among these approaches, self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolates on gold offer a high level of control over the molecular structure of the surface and are well-suited to studies of cell adhesion. This review describes the design and use of monolayers for applications in cell biology, including the use of monolayers to evaluate the roles of peptide and protein ligands in cell-matrix interactions, the development of methods to pattern ligands on monolayers and applications to cell biology, the development of dynamic monolayers that can switch the activities of ligands presented to an adherent cell, and the rewiring of interactions between a cell and its substrate. These examples illustrate the flexibility inherent to monolayers for applications in cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Mrksich
- Department of Chemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Engineered cystine-knot peptides that bind alpha(v)beta(3) integrin with antibody-like affinities. J Mol Biol 2008; 385:1064-75. [PMID: 19038268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The alpha(v)beta(3) integrin receptor is an important cancer target due to its overexpression on many solid tumors and the tumor neovasculature and its role in metastasis and angiogenesis. We used a truncated form of the Agouti-related protein (AgRP), a 4-kDa cystine-knot peptide with four disulfide bonds and four solvent-exposed loops, as a scaffold for engineering peptides that bound to alpha(v)beta(3) integrins with high affinity and specificity. A yeast-displayed cystine-knot peptide library was generated by substituting a six amino acid loop of AgRP with a nine amino acid loop containing the Arg-Gly-Asp integrin recognition motif and randomized flanking residues. Mutant cystine-knot peptides were screened in a high-throughput manner by fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify clones with high affinity to detergent-solubilized alpha(v)beta(3) integrin receptor. Select integrin-binding peptides were expressed recombinantly in Pichia pastoris and were tested for their ability to bind to human cancer cells expressing various integrin receptors. These studies showed that the engineered AgRP peptides bound to cells expressing alpha(v)beta(3) integrins with affinities ranging from 15 nM to 780 pM. Furthermore, the engineered peptides were shown to bind specifically to alpha(v)beta(3) integrins and had only minimal or no binding to alpha(v)beta(5), alpha(5)beta(1), and alpha(iib)beta(3) integrins. The engineered AgRP peptides were also shown to inhibit cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin, which is a naturally occurring ligand for alpha(v)beta(3) and other integrins. Next, to evaluate whether the other three loops of AgRP could modulate integrin specificity, we made second-generation libraries by individually randomizing these loops in one of the high-affinity integrin-binding variants. Screening of these loop-randomized libraries against alpha(v)beta(3) integrins resulted in peptides that retained high affinities for alpha(v)beta(3) and had increased specificities for alpha(v)beta(3) over alpha(iib)beta(3) integrins. Collectively, these data validate AgRP as a scaffold for protein engineering and demonstrate that modification of a single loop can lead to AgRP-based peptides with antibody-like affinities for their target.
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35
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Kreiner M, Li Z, Beattie J, Kelly S, Mardon H, van der Walle C. Self-assembling multimeric integrin 5 1 ligands for cell attachment and spreading. Protein Eng Des Sel 2008; 21:553-60. [DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzn032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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36
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Mohamed F, van der Walle CF. Engineering biodegradable polyester particles with specific drug targeting and drug release properties. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:71-87. [PMID: 17722085 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres and nanoparticles remain the focus of intensive research effort directed to the controlled release and in vivo localization of drugs. In recent years engineering approaches have been devised to create novel micro- and nano-particles which provide greater control over the drug release profile and present opportunities for drug targeting at the tissue and cellular levels. This has been possible with better understanding and manipulation of the fabrication and degradation processes, particularly emulsion-solvent extraction, and conjugation of polyesters with ligands or other polymers before or after particle formation. As a result, particle surface and internal porosity have been designed to meet criteria-facilitating passive targeting (e.g., for pulmonary delivery), modification of the drug release profile (e.g., attenuation of the burst release) and active targeting via ligand binding to specific cell receptors. It is now possible to envisage adventurous applications for polyester microparticles beyond their inherent role as biodegradable, controlled drug delivery vehicles. These may include drug delivery vehicles for the treatment of cerebral disease and tumor targeting, and co-delivery of drugs in a pulsatile and/or time-delayed fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahidah Mohamed
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, UK
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37
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Pereira P, Kelly SM, Gellert PR, van der Walle CF. Interdomain mobility and conformational stability of type III fibronectin domain pairs control surface adsorption, desorption and unfolding. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 64:1-9. [PMID: 18261887 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 9th-10th type III fibronectin domain pair (9-10FNIII) has found widespread use as a biomimetic surface for cell adhesion. However, the effect of mutations to 9-10FNIII on its surface adsorption characteristics have not been investigated. Here we address this issue using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) and circular dichroism spectroscopy, comparing two conformationally stable 9-10FNIII mutants against the wild type. Desorption of the 9-10FNIII mutants from the silica surface was minimal in comparison to desorption of 9-10FNIII. The extent and rate of protein desorption from silica was empirically matched by loss of secondary structure upon adsorption, with only the spectrum for 9-10FNIII showing extensive loss of the beta-sandwich fold. For the proteins adsorbed to hydrophobic surfaces, only the CD spectra for the 9-10FNIII mutant constrained via an interdomain disulphide bridge showed similarity with the corresponding solution structure. Since the binding of 9-10FNIII to integrin alpha5beta1 is highly dependent on the relative spatial arrangement of the two domains, we suggest that the observed differences in cell adhesion and spreading on wild type 9-10FNIII and mutants may in part be attributed to the extent of protein desorption and unfolding at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 27 Taylor Street, Glasgow, UK
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38
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Foot-and-mouth disease virus forms a highly stable, EDTA-resistant complex with its principal receptor, integrin alphavbeta6: implications for infectiousness. J Virol 2007; 82:1537-46. [PMID: 18045932 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01480-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial stage of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection is virus binding to cell surface integrins via the RGD motif in the GH loop of the VP1 capsid protein. As for all ligand/integrin interactions, the initial contact between FMDV and its integrin receptors is cation dependent and hence inhibited by EDTA. We have investigated this binding process with RGD-containing peptides derived from the VP1 capsid protein of FMDV and discovered that, upon binding, some of these peptides form highly stable, EDTA-resistant associations with integrin alphavbeta6. Peptides containing specific substitutions show that this stable binding is dependent on a helical structure immediately C terminal to the RGD and, specifically, two leucine residues at positions RGD +1 and RGD +4. These observations have a biological consequence, as we show further that stable, EDTA-resistant binding to alphavbeta6 is a property also exhibited by FMDV particles. Thus, the integrin-binding loop of FMDV appears to have evolved to form very stable complexes with the principal receptor of FMDV, integrin alphavbeta6. An ability to induce such stable complexes with its cellular receptor is likely to contribute significantly to the high infectiousness of FMDV.
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39
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Pereira P, Kelly SM, Cooper A, Mardon HJ, Gellert PR, van der Walle CF. Solution formulation and lyophilisation of a recombinant fibronectin fragment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 67:309-19. [PMID: 17452097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The 9th-10th type III fibronectin domain pair shows promise in tissue engineering and tumour vasculature targeting. Calorimetry and structure-function analysis were used to investigate the effects of solution formulation and lyophilisation of a mutant ((9-10)FNIII-P). A single endothermic transition for (9-10)FNIII-P in solution was observed at pH<8, irrespective of addition of sucrose or PEG. The temperature at the maximum heat capacity (T(m)) and enthalpy (deltaH) of the transition increased for increasing sucrose concentrations but decreased for increasing PEG concentrations. The transition was fitted to a single two-state unfolding mechanism (in contrast to unfolding in guanidine. x HCl) and was partially reversible only at pH 4, with increasing concentrations of sucrose causing a marked fall in deltaH between scans. Circular dichroism spectra for the thermal unfolding of (9-10)FNIII-P at pH 4 showed loss of native beta-sheet structure and loss of aromatic contributions to the peak centred around 226 nm yielding an intermediate conformation, which in the presence of sucrose was more disordered. Despite a glass transition (T(g)') for (9-10)FNIII-P(aq) of -70 degrees C, primary drying at -30 degrees C did not perturb its conformation upon reconstitution or its biological activity following lyophilisation; the addition of sucrose or PEG had no influence on structure or activity. The main consideration in the formulation of (9-10)FNIII-P was therefore pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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40
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Jovanovic J, Takagi J, Choulier L, Abrescia NGA, Stuart DI, van der Merwe PA, Mardon HJ, Handford PA. αVβ6 Is a Novel Receptor for Human Fibrillin-1. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:6743-51. [PMID: 17158881 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m607008200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Human fibrillin-1, the major structural protein of connective tissue 10-12 nm microfibrils, contains multiple calcium binding epidermal growth factor-like domains interspersed with transforming growth factor beta-binding protein-like (TB) domains. TB4 contains a flexible RGD loop that mediates cell adhesion via alphaVbeta3 and alpha5beta1 integrins. This study identifies integrin alphaVbeta6 as a novel cellular receptor for fibrillin-1 with a K(d) of approximately 0.45 mum. Analyses of this interaction by surface plasmon resonance and immunocytochemistry reveal different module requirements for alphaVbeta6 activation compared with those of alphaVbeta3, suggesting that a covalent linkage of an N-terminal calcium binding epidermal growth factor-like domain to TB4 can modulate alphaV integrin binding specificity. Furthermore, our data suggest alpha5beta1 is a low affinity fibrillin-1 receptor (K(d) > 1 mum), thus providing a molecular explanation for the different alpha5beta1 distribution patterns seen when human keratinocytes and fibroblasts are plated on recombinant fibrillin fragments versus those derived from the physiological ligand fibronectin. Non-focal contact distribution of alpha5beta1 suggests that its engagement by fibrillin-1 may elicit a lesser degree and/or different type of intracellular signaling compared with that seen with a high affinity ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Jovanovic
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
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41
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Sumathipala R, Xu C, Seago J, Mould AP, Humphries MJ, Craig SE, Patel Y, Wijelath ES, Sobel M, Rahman S. The “Linker” Region (Amino Acids 38-47) of the Disintegrin Elegantin Is a Novel Inhibitory Domain of Integrin α5β1-Dependent Cell Adhesion on Fibronectin. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:37686-96. [PMID: 16982624 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m603943200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Disintegrins are a family of potent inhibitors of cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion. In this study we have identified a region of the disintegrin elegantin, termed the "linker domain" (amino acids 38-47), with inhibitory activity toward alpha(5)beta(1)-mediated cell adhesion on fibronectin (Fn). Using a chimeric structure-function approach in which sequences of the functionally distinct disintegrin kistrin were introduced into the elegantin template at targeted sites, a loss of inhibitory function toward alpha(5)beta(1)-mediated adhesion on Fn was observed when the elegantin linker domain was substituted. Subsequent analysis comparing the inhibitory efficacies of the panel of elegantin-kistrin chimeras toward CHO alpha(5) cell adhesion on recombinant Fn III(6-10) fragments showed that the loss of inhibitory activity associated with the disruption of the elegantin linker domain was dependent upon the presence of a functional Fn III(9) synergy site within the Fn III(6-10) substrate. This suggested that the elegantin linker domain inhibits primarily the activity of the Fn synergy domain in promoting alpha(5)beta(1) integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Construction of a cyclic peptide corresponding to the entire region of the elegantin linker domain showed that this domain has intrinsic alpha(5)beta(1) inhibitory activity comparable with the activity of the RGDS peptide. These data demonstrate a novel biological function for a disintegrin domain that antagonizes integrin-mediated cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushika Sumathipala
- Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Remodelling, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, King's College London School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, United Kingdom
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42
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Cho J, Mosher DF. Enhancement of thrombogenesis by plasma fibronectin cross-linked to fibrin and assembled in platelet thrombi. Blood 2006; 107:3555-63. [PMID: 16391013 PMCID: PMC1457097 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-10-4168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To learn how plasma fibronectin stabilizes platelet-rich thrombi in injured mesenteric arterioles of mice, we studied the impact of plasma fibronectin on platelet thrombus formation ex vivo in a parallel flow chamber. Thrombi were greater on surfaces coated with fibrin cross-linked to fibronectin by activated factor XIII than on surfaces coated with fibrin lacking cross-linked fibronectin or with fibronectin alone. Platelet thrombi were even greater when plasma fibronectin was perfused with platelets, resulting in deposition of the perfused fibronectin in platelet thrombi. The effect of perfused fibronectin on thrombogenesis was lost if fibronectin deposition was blocked by coperfusion with the N-terminal 70-kDa fragment of fibronectin or a peptide based on the functional upstream domain of protein F1 of Streptococcus pyogenes. Increases in thrombus formation were dependent on a platelet activator such as lysophosphatidic acid, amount of fibronectin cross-linked to fibrin, and concentration of fibronectin in the perfusate. The dependency of fibronectin concentration extended into the range of fibronectin concentrations associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease. At such concentrations, the 2 mechanisms for insolubilization of plasma fibronectin-cross-linking to fibrin and assembly by adherent and aggregating platelets-synergize to result in many-fold enhancement of platelet thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyung Cho
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4285 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Ave, Madison, 53706, USA
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43
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Fittkau MH, Zilla P, Bezuidenhout D, Lutolf MP, Human P, Hubbell JA, Davies N. The selective modulation of endothelial cell mobility on RGD peptide containing surfaces by YIGSR peptides. Biomaterials 2005; 26:167-74. [PMID: 15207463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2003] [Accepted: 02/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of the biomimetic peptides YIGSR, PHSRN and RGD to selectively affect adhesion and migration of human microvascular endothelial cells (MVEC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMC) was evaluated. Cell mobility was quantified by time-lapse video microscopy of single cells migrating on peptide modified surfaces. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogels modified with YIGSR or PHSRN allowed only limited adhesion and no spreading of MVEC and HVSMC. However, when these peptides were individually combined with the strong cell binding peptide RGD in PEG hydrogels, the YIGSR peptide was found to selectively enhance the migration of MVEC by 25% over that of MVEC on RGD alone (p<0.05). No corresponding effect was observed for HVSMC. This suggests that the desired response of specific cell types to tissue engineering scaffolds could be optimized through a combinatory approach to the use of biomimetic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Fittkau
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Christian Barnard Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cape Heart Centre, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, 7925 Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
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44
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Altroff H, Schlinkert R, van der Walle CF, Bernini A, Campbell ID, Werner JM, Mardon HJ. Interdomain tilt angle determines integrin-dependent function of the ninth and tenth FIII domains of human fibronectin. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:55995-6003. [PMID: 15485890 PMCID: PMC1626575 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m406976200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are an important family of signaling receptors that mediate diverse cellular processes. The binding of the abundant extracellular matrix ligand fibronectin to integrins alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(3) is known to depend upon the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif on the tenth fibronectin FIII domain. The adjacent ninth FIII domain provides a synergistic effect on RGD-mediated integrin alpha(5)beta(1) binding and downstream function. The precise molecular basis of this synergy remains elusive. Here we have dissected further the function of FIII9 in integrin binding by analyzing the biological activity of the FIII9-10 interdomain interface variants and by determining their structural and dynamic properties in solution. We demonstrate that the contribution of FIII9 to both alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(3) binding and downstream function critically depends upon the interdomain tilt between the FIII9 and FIII10 domains. Our data suggest that modulation of integrin binding by FIII9 may arise in part from its steric properties that determine accessibility of the RGD motif. These findings have wider implications for mechanisms of integrin-ligand binding in the physiological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Altroff
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Schlinkert
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher F. van der Walle
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Bernini
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Iain D. Campbell
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Jörn M. Werner
- From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Helen J. Mardon
- From the Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
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45
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Lee SS, Knott V, Jovanović J, Harlos K, Grimes JM, Choulier L, Mardon HJ, Stuart DI, Handford PA. Structure of the integrin binding fragment from fibrillin-1 gives new insights into microfibril organization. Structure 2004; 12:717-29. [PMID: 15062093 PMCID: PMC5582136 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2004.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2003] [Revised: 12/19/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human fibrillin-1, the major structural protein of extracellular matrix (ECM) 10-12 nm microfibrils, is dominated by 43 calcium binding epidermal growth factor-like (cbEGF) and 7 transforming growth factor beta binding protein-like (TB) domains. Crystal structures reveal the integrin binding cbEGF22-TB4-cbEGF23 fragment of human fibrillin-1 to be a Ca(2+)-rigidified tetragonal pyramid. We suggest that other cbEGF-TB pairs within the fibrillins may adopt a similar orientation to cbEGF22-TB4. In addition, we have located a flexible RGD integrin binding loop within TB4. Modeling, cell attachment and spreading assays, immunocytochemistry, and surface plasmon resonance indicate that cbEGF22 bound to TB4 is a requirement for integrin activation and provide insight into the molecular basis of the fibrillin-1 interaction with alphaVbeta3. In light of our data, we propose a novel model for the assembly of the fibrillin microfibril and a mechanism to explain its extensibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen S.J. Lee
- The Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Vroni Knott
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QU
| | - Jelena Jovanović
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QU
| | - Karl Harlos
- The Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Jonathan M. Grimes
- The Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Laurence Choulier
- Division of Medical Sciences Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology The Women's Centre Level 3 John Radcliffe Hospital Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom
| | - Helen J. Mardon
- Division of Medical Sciences Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology The Women's Centre Level 3 John Radcliffe Hospital Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU United Kingdom
| | - David I. Stuart
- The Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine Roosevelt Drive Oxford OX3 7BN
| | - Penny A. Handford
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QU
- Correspondence:
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46
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Kim TI, Jang JH, Lee YM, Rhyu IC, Chung CP, Han SB, Choi SM, Ku Y. Biomimetic approach on human periodontal ligament cells using synthetic oligopeptides. J Periodontol 2004; 75:925-32. [PMID: 15341349 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.7.925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells, connecting root cementum with alveolar bone, are important for periodontal wound healing. In order to obtain a predictable periodontal regeneration, selective adhesion and proliferation of PDL cells are essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of synthetic peptides mimicking cell-binding domain of fibronectin (FN) on human PDL cells. METHODS Two types of oligopeptides, Gly3-Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn-Gly6-Arg-Gly-Asp-Gly (G3PHSRNG6RGDG) and Gly3-His-Pro-Asn-Arg-Ser-Gly6-Arg-Gly-Asp-Gly (G3HPNRSG6RGDG), were constructed using a solid-phase peptide synthesizer. Fibronectin type III ninth to tenth domain (FN III 9-10) and Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (RGDS) were prepared for comparison with the effects of synthetic peptides. These peptides were coated onto 96-well cell culture plates with 0.001 approximately 100 microM concentrations. Cultured human PDL cells were then applied to the peptide-coated wells at a density of 1 x 10(4)/well. After 1 hour incubation at 37 degrees C, adhered cells were fixed, stained, and examined by phase contrast microscopy for cell spreading assay. Attached PDL cells were solubilized with 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) for the cell attachment assay by measuring absorbance at 595 nm in microplate reader. Western blot analysis was performed to determine extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) activity. RESULTS Cell attachment and spreading assays revealed that G3PHSRNG6RGDG (> or = 10 microM) possesses similar adhesive behavior to FN III 9-10. G3PHSRNG6RGDG showed a comparable ERK1/2 activity when compared to FN III 9-10. CONCLUSIONS G3PHSRNG6RGDG enhanced an attachment and spreading of human PDL cells thereby increasing ERK1/2 activity. Taken together, it is anticipated that this peptide might be a potential tool for arranging a biologically attractive environment for PDL cells, which would enhance periodontal regeneration efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Il Kim
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Chongno-Ku, Seoul, South Korea
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McCarty OJT, Zhao Y, Andrew N, Machesky LM, Staunton D, Frampton J, Watson SP. Evaluation of the role of platelet integrins in fibronectin-dependent spreading and adhesion. J Thromb Haemost 2004; 2:1823-33. [PMID: 15456495 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2004.00925.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that platelet adhesion and subsequent aggregation can occur in vivo in the absence of the two principal platelets adhesive ligands, von Willebrand factor and fibrinogen. These results highlight a possible role for fibronectin in supporting thrombus formation. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS To evaluate the platelet integrins and subsequent activation pathways associated with fibronectin-dependent platelet adhesion utilizing both human and murine platelets. RESULTS Platelets can adhere to fibronectin via the integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3), leading to formation of lamellipodia. This is mediated through an interaction with the tenth type III domain in fibronectin. Spreading on fibronectin promotes alpha(IIb)beta(3)-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization and tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase and phospholipase C gamma2. In contrast, studies with blocking antibodies and mice demonstrate that alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(3) support adhesion and promote formation of filopodia but not lamellipodia or tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins. Further, neither alpha(5)beta(1) nor alpha(v)beta(3) is able to induce formation of lamellipodia in the presence of platelets agonists, such as collagen-related-peptide (CRP). CONCLUSIONS These observations demonstrate that integrins alpha(5)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(3) support platelet adhesion and the generation of filopodia but that, in contrast to the integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3), are unable to promote formation of lamellipodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- O J T McCarty
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, The Institute of Biomedical Research, Division of Medical Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Seal BL, Panitch A. Physical polymer matrices based on affinity interactions between peptides and polysaccharides. Biomacromolecules 2004; 4:1572-82. [PMID: 14606882 DOI: 10.1021/bm0342032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A rapidly forming polymer matrix with affinity-based controlled release properties was developed based upon interactions between heparin-binding peptides and heparin. Dynamic mechanical testing of 10% (w/v) compositions consisting of a 3:1 molar ratio of poly(ethylene glycol)-co-peptide (approximately 18,000 g/mol) to heparin (approximately 18,000 g/mol) revealed a viscoelastic profile similar to that of concentrated, large molecular weight polymer solutions and melts. In addition, the biopolymer mixtures recovered quickly following thermal denaturation and mechanical insult. These gel-like materials were able to sequester exogenous heparin-binding peptides and could release these peptides over several days at rates dependent on relative heparin affinity. The initial release rates ranged from 3.3% per hour for a peptide with low heparin affinity to 0.025% per hour for a peptide with strong heparin affinity. By altering the affinity of peptides to heparin, a series of peptides can be developed to yield a range of release profiles useful for controlled in vivo delivery of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Seal
- The Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 879709, Tempe, Arizona 85287-9709, USA
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Bae E, Sakai T, Mosher DF. Assembly of exogenous fibronectin by fibronectin-null cells is dependent on the adhesive substrate. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:35749-59. [PMID: 15199047 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m406283200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of endogenously synthesized fibronectin (FN) in assembly was studied with cells lacking or expressing FN. Cells were cultured as homogeneous or mixed populations on surfaces coated with different matrix proteins. Compared with FN-expressing cells, FN-null cells poorly assembled exogenous plasma FN (pFN) when adhered to vitronectin or the recombinant cell-binding domain (III(7-10)) of FN. Vitronectin had a suppressive effect that was overcome by co-adsorbed pFN or laminin-1 but not by soluble FN. In co-cultures of FN-expressing cells and FN-null cells, endogenous FN was preferentially assembled around FN-expressing cells regardless of the adhesive ligand. If the adhesive ligand was vitronectin, exogenous pFN assembled preferentially around cells expressing cellular FN or recombinant EDa- or EDa+ FN. In co-cultures on vitronectin of FN-null cells and beta(1) integrin subunit-null cells, fibrils of cellular FN and pFN were preferentially deposited by FN-null (beta(1)-expressing) cells immediately adjacent to (FN-secreting) beta(1)-null cells. In co-cultures on vitronectin of FN-null cells and beta(1)-null cells expressing a chimera with the extracellular domain of beta(1) and the cytoplasmic domain of beta(3), preferential assembly was by the chimera-expressing cells. These results indicate that the adhesive ligand is a determinant of FN assembly by cells not secreting endogenous FN (suppressive if vitronectin, non-suppressive but non-supportive if III(7-10), supportive if pFN or laminin-1) and suggest that efficient interaction of freshly secreted cellular FN with a beta(1) integrin, presumably alpha(5)beta(1), substitutes for integrin-mediated adherence to a preformed matrix of laminin-1 or pFN to support assembly of FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunnyung Bae
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Best RB, Rutherford TJ, Freund SMV, Clarke J. Hydrophobic core fluidity of homologous protein domains: relation of side-chain dynamics to core composition and packing. Biochemistry 2004; 43:1145-55. [PMID: 14756550 DOI: 10.1021/bi035658e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The side-chain dynamics of methyl groups in two structurally related proteins from the fibronectin type III (fnIII) superfamily, the third fnIII domain from human tenascin (TNfn3) and the tenth fnIII domain from human fibronectin (FNfn10), have been studied by NMR spectroscopy. Side-chain order parameters reveal that the hydrophobic cores of the two proteins have substantially different mobilities. The core of TNfn3 is very dynamic, with exceptionally low order parameters for the most deeply buried residues, while that of FNfn10 is more like those of other proteins which have been studied with this technique, having a relatively rigid core with uniformly distributed dynamics. The unusually dynamic core of TNfn3 appears to be related to its amino acid composition, which makes it more fluid-like. A further explanation for the mobility of the TNfn3 core may be found in the negative correlation between the order parameter and excess packing volume, which shows that the core of TNfn3 is less densely packed and consequently has lower methyl order parameters for its buried residues. Rotameric transitions, presumably facilitated by the lower packing density, appear to make an important contribution to lowering the order parameters, and have been probed by measuring three-bond scalar couplings. Overall, although backbone dynamics is generally similar for proteins with the same topology on a fast time scale (picoseconds to nanoseconds), this study shows that a single fold can accommodate a wide variation in the dynamic properties of its core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Best
- Cambridge University Chemical Laboratory, MRC Centre for Protein Engineering, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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