1
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Investigations on the deblocking reactions of blocked polyisocyanates synthesized from solid waste styrofoam by a non-isocyanate approach and its application in the fabrication of epoxy-polyurethane films. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02999-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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2
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Abstract
Pathogenic microbial contamination poses serious threats to human healthcare and economies worldwide, which instigates the booming development of challenging antibacterial materials. N-halamine fibrous materials (NFMs), as an important part of antibacterial materials, featuring structural continuity, good pore connectivity, rapid sterilization, rechargeable bactericidal activity, and safety to humans and environment, have received significant research attention. This review aims to present a systematic discussion of the recent advances in N-halamine antibacterial fibrous materials. We firstly introduce the chemical structures and properties of N-halamine materials. Subsequently, the developed NFMs can be categorized based on their fabrication strategies, including surface modification and one-step spinning. Then some representative applications of these fibrous materials are highlighted. Finally, challenges and future research directions of the materials are discussed in the hope of giving suggestions for the following studies. The chemical structures and properties of N-halamine materials are briefly introduced. Design and fabrication strategies of N-halamine fibrous materials are systematically reviewed. The functional applications of the N-halamine fibrous materials are discussed. Challenges and future research directions of the antibacterial N-halamine fibrous materials are provided.
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3
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Yu X, Wang L, Yang P, Xu J, Moloney MG, Liu L, Pan Y, Wang Y. Preparation, Post-Modification, and Antibacterial Application of Gelatin Electrospun Membranes. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1800093. [PMID: 29923363 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Two bis(diaryldiazomethane)s substituted with amino groups are synthesized and used for the surface modification of membranes electrospun from gelatin. These membranes are then reacted with tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate to give urea-functionalized materials, so that hydrogen peroxide can be reversibly bound onto their surface. These membranes are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, XPS, differential scanning calorimeter, and tensile test to show their surface properties and bulk properties. The surface modification with amino-substituted diazomethanes and the subsequent cross-linking reaction with diisocyanates contribute to high loadings of hydrogen peroxide, and greatly increase the antibacterial activity of gelatin-derived membranes, which open a new horizon in the preparation of high loading antiseptic/antibacterial biomacromolecular surfaces and interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Jinku Xu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Mark G Moloney
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Lian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Yunlin Pan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353, P. R. China
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4
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Dong A, Wang YJ, Gao Y, Gao T, Gao G. Chemical Insights into Antibacterial N-Halamines. Chem Rev 2017; 117:4806-4862. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alideertu Dong
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jie Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3
| | - Yangyang Gao
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyi Gao
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Gao
- College
of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Kang C, Kim SS, Ahn D, Kim SJ, Lee J. Effective surface attachment of Ag nanoparticles on fibers using glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride and improvement of antimicrobial properties. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01636k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional m-aramid fibers with antimicrobial properties by reaction of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride with silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chankyu Kang
- Ministry of Employment and Labor
- Major Industrial Accident Prevention Center
- Yeosu-si 59631
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sam Soo Kim
- Department of Textile Engineering and Technology
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Ahn
- Department of Textile Engineering and Technology
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Kim
- Department of Textile Engineering and Technology
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Textile Engineering and Technology
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan
- Republic of Korea
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6
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Abstract
A series of new biocidal copolymers containing N-chloro-and N-bromo-acrYloxymethylhydantoin moieties have been prepared in granular form, as surface coatings and as grafts to fibers. The copolymers have been tested for bactericidal effects against Staphylococcus aureus and have been evaluated for stability in terms of retention of their biocidal halogen contents. They have been demonstrated to have potential application for polymeric materials for which a biocidal functionality might be benefical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
| | - S. D. Worley
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
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7
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Abstract
A new series of N-halamine polymers has been synthesized and tested in granular form, on glass and as fiber substrates for efficacy at inactivating bacteria. Copolymers and grafted copolymers were prepared with 4-(alkyl acryloxymethyl)-4-ethyl-2-oxazolidinones and commercial monomers or polymers. These polymers are inexpensive to synthesize and are efficient biocides in granular form and as surface-coated disinfectants. They can be coated on glass, plastic, and fibrous materials, which gives them considerable potential as commercial disinfectants. They could be used for a variety of industrial, commercial, and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. W. Eknoian
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
| | - S. D. Worley
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
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8
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Jiang Z, Liu Y, Li R, Ren X, Huang T. Preparation of antibacterial cellulose with a monochloro-s-triazine-based N-halamine biocide. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Yin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - Xuehong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles and Clothing; Jiangnan University; Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 China
| | - T. S. Huang
- Department of Poultry Science; Auburn University; Auburn AL 36849 USA
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9
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Ahmed AESI, Gad HM, Hay JN. Sand/charcoal N
-halamine blends for water treatment. POLYMER COMPOSITES 2014; 35:2137-2143. [DOI: 10.1002/pc.22876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamdi M.H. Gad
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental Control, Hot Labs and Waste Management Centre; Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority; Cairo Egypt
| | - John N. Hay
- Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research and Enterprise); University of Hull; Hull UK
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10
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Gunes HH, Okudan A. Characterization and dual functionalization of polystyrene with propionic anhydride and cyanate derivatives. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmet Okudan
- Department of Chemistry; Selcuk University; Konya Turkey
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11
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Onder IL, Okudan A. Functionalization of Polystyrene with Cyclic Anhydrides and their Spectroscopic, Adhesive and Corrosive Characterizations. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) has been chemically modified with cyclic anhydrides such as glutaric anhydride (GA), citraconic anhydride (CA) and phthalic anhydride (PA) in the presence of BF3·O(C2H5)2 in chloroform and succinic anhydride (SA) in 1,2-dichloroethane. Some important reaction parameters were determined in order to optimize the acylation process. ATR FT-IR and 1H NMR studies indicate that the acylation reaction can introduce both carboxyl group and double bond (for only citraconic anhydride) onto pendant aromatic groups of the polymer. The adhesion properties and corrosion resistance of the acylated PS on metal surface under various conditions have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. L. Onder
- Department of Chemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - A. Okudan
- Department of Chemistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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12
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Wei DF, Zhou RH, Zhang YW, Guan Y, Zheng AN. Acrylonitrile copolymers containing guanidine oligomer: Synthesis and use for the preparation of nonleaching antimicrobial acrylic fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Straw N-halamines: Evaluation in single and multistage filtration systems. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:1934-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Chen Y, Zhong XS, Zhang Q. Synthesis of CO2-Philic Polysiloxane with N-Halamine Side Groups for Biocidal Coating on Cotton. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie300378b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, ‡Material Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Xu-shi Zhong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, ‡Material Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, ‡Material Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and §Analytical and Testing Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China
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15
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Okudan A, Baktir S, Sagdic A. Esterification Reaction of Polystyrene Modified with Maleic Anhydride in the Presence of Resin Catalyst. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Ahmed AESI, Cavalli G, Wardell JN, Bushell ME, Hay JN. N-halamines from rice straw. CELLULOSE 2012; 19:209-217. [DOI: 10.1007/s10570-011-9606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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17
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Ji E, Corbitt TS, Parthasarathy A, Schanze KS, Whitten DG. Light and dark-activated biocidal activity of conjugated polyelectrolytes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:2820-2829. [PMID: 21755955 DOI: 10.1021/am200644g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This Spotlight on Applications provides an overview of a research program that has focused on the development and mechanistic study of cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) that function as light- and dark-active biocidal agents. Investigation has centered on poly-(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE) type conjugated polymers that are functionalized with cationic quaternary ammonium solubilizing groups. These polymers are found to interact strongly with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and upon illumination with near-UV and visible light act to rapidly kill the bacteria. Mechanistic studies suggest that the cationic PPE-type polymers efficiently sensitize singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)), and this cytotoxic agent is responsible for initiating the sequence of events that lead to light-activated bacterial killing. Specific CPEs also exhibit dark-active antimicrobial activity, and this is believed to arise due to interactions between the cationic/lipophilic polymers and the negatively charged outer membrane characteristic of Gram-negative bacteria. Specific results are shown where a cationic CPE with a degree of polymerization of 49 exhibits pronounced light-activated killing of E. coli when present in the cell suspension at a concentration of 1 μg mL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Ji
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering and Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-1341, United States
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18
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Rivas BL, Pereira E, Guzmán C, Maureira A. Complexes of Water-Soluble Polymers with Cu2+ and Ag+ as Antibacterial Agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201150607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Talu M, Uzluk E, Yüksel B. Synthesis, Characterization and Bactericidal Properties of Poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-Maleic anhydride-co-N-Isopropyl acrylamide). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200900140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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20
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New approach to produce water free of bacteria, viruses, and halogens in a recyclable system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 77:847-53. [PMID: 21115711 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01645-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of a new cross-linked N-halamine polymer against bacteria and viruses was evaluated. The polymer achieved a 9-log(10) reduction of bacteria (both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) in 1.5 h and a 5-log(10) reduction of bacteriophage PRD1 in 3 h. At the same time, the ability of the nonhalogenated polymer to trap halide ions was examined. The polymer was incorporated into a multifiltration system to study the ability to produce water free of bacteria, viruses, and halide ions. The antimicrobial activity, useful lifetime, halide ion level, and recycling possibilities of the system were quantified on a laboratory scale. A design for a large-scale multifiltration system based on this polymer is proposed.
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21
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Rivas BL, Pereira E, Maureira A. Functional water-soluble polymers: polymer-metal ion removal and biocide properties. POLYM INT 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Gao Y, Li H, Wang X. Synthesis and characterization of syndiotactic polystyrene-graft-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) copolymer by atom transfer radical polymerization. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Gao Y, Li HM, Liu FS, Wang XY, Shen ZG. Synthesis and characterization of benzoylated syndiotactic polystyrene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-007-9109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Abbasian M, Rahmani S, Mohammadi R, Entezami AA. Graft copolymerization of styrene or methyl methacrylate onto syndiotactic polystyrene by ATRP technique. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.25628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Abbasian M, Entezami AA. Nitroxide mediated living radical polymerization of styrene onto poly (vinyl chloride). POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Chen Z, Luo J, Sun Y. Biocidal efficacy, biofilm-controlling function, and controlled release effect of chloromelamine-based bioresponsive fibrous materials. Biomaterials 2006; 28:1597-609. [PMID: 17184837 PMCID: PMC1839067 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 12/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, 2-amino-4-chloro-6-hydroxy-s-triazine (ACHT) was synthesized through controlled hydrolysis of 2-amino-4,6-dichloro-s-triazine (ADCT). A simple pad-dry-cure approach was employed to immobilize ACHT onto cellulosic fibrous materials. After treatment with diluted chlorine bleach, the covalently bound ACHT moieties were transformed into chloromelamines. The structures of the samples were fully characterized with NMR, UV/VIS, DSC, TG, iodometric titration and elemental analyses. The chloromelamine-based fibrous materials provided potent, durable, and rechargeable biocidal functions against bacteria (including multi-drug resistant species), yeasts, viruses, and bacterial spores. SEM studies demonstrated that the new fibrous materials could effectively prevent the formation of biofilms, and controlled release investigations in vitro suggested that the biocidal activities were bioresponsive. Biocidal mechanisms of the chloromelamine-based fibrous materials were further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobin Chen
- Department of Human Ecology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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27
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Li J, Li HM. Functionalization of syndiotactic polystyrene with succinic anhydride in the presence of aluminum chloride. Eur Polym J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Nasrullah JM, Dhamodharan R. Synthesis and characterization of statistical copolymers of styrene and 4-(1-hydroxyalkyl)styrene. J Appl Polym Sci 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/app.20180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Sun Y, Sun G. Novel refreshableN-halamine polymeric biocides: Grafting hydantoin-containing monomers onto high performance fibers by a continuous process. J Appl Polym Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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30
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Rivas BL, Pereira ED, Mondaca MA, Rivas RJ, Saavedra MA. Water-soluble cationic polymers and their polymer-metal complexes with biocidal activity: A genotoxicity study. J Appl Polym Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/app.11399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Sun Y, Sun G. Novel regenerable N-halamine polymeric biocides. III. Grafting hydantoin-containing monomers onto synthetic fabrics. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Park ES, Lee HJ, Park HY, Kim MN, Chung KH, Yoon JS. Antifungal effect of carbendazim supported on poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) and epoxy resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1097-4628(20010502)80:5<728::aid-app1149>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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33
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Sun Y, Sun G. Novel regenerable N-halamine polymeric biocides. II. Grafting hydantoin-containing monomers onto cotton cellulose. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Sun Y, Sun G. Durable and refreshable polymericN-halamine biocides containing 3-(4?-vinylbenzyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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35
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Sun Y, Sun G. Novel regenerable N-halamine polymeric biocides. I. Synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of hydantoin-containing polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Bacterial colonization is the primary clinical problem faced by the surgeon and medical device innovator. Despite the absence of effective systemic treatment, medical implants and devices have been deployed with increasing success over the past five decades. Infection-resistant materials (IRMs) are a relatively recent addition to the science of implant and device development. The first IRM utilized leachable antimicrobial agents. Nonleachable technologies are being developed, some of which have the potential to make organ replacement even more successful in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Williams
- HaloSource Corporation, Seattle, Washington 98121-1010, USA
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37
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