1
|
Jensen TSR, Olsen MH, Lelkaitis G, Kjaer A, Binderup T, Fugleholm K. Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor: An Important Focal Player in Chronic Subdural Hematoma? Inflammation 2024; 47:1015-1027. [PMID: 38236383 PMCID: PMC11147925 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) development involves inflammatory, angiogenetic, and fibrinolytic mechanisms, several components of which are now unraveled through intensive research. The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is part of the plasminogen activator system and possesses inflammatory, angiogenetic, and fibrinolytic capabilities. As a first, this study aims to identify uPAR in the hematoma fluid, hematoma membrane, dura mater, and systemic blood from patients with CSDH and, if present, to investigate if the uPAR level at the time of surgery may be a predictor for later developing recurrent CSDH. uPAR expression in the hematoma membrane and dura mater was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and presented as the H-score of the positive immunostaining. The uPAR levels in the hematoma fluid and systemic blood were determined using a multiplex antibody bead kit (Luminex). Samples were collected at the time of the first CSDH surgery, and in the case of recurrent CSDH within 90 days, the samples were again collected at reoperation. A comparison of uPAR expression between the hematoma membrane and dura mater, as well as uPAR levels in systemic blood and hematoma fluid, was performed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. We included 112 patients, 26 of whom had recurrent CSDH. The median hematoma uPAR level was 22,125 (14,845-33,237) and significantly higher than the median systemic blood level of 789 pg/L (465-2,088) (p < 0.001). Similarly, the uPAR level of the hematoma membrane was 14.3 (7.54-44.8) and significantly higher than the dural uPAR level of 0.81 (0.3-1.98) (p < 0.001). For the first time, we identified uPAR in the subdural fluid, hematoma membrane, dura mater, and systemic blood from patients with CSDH. The high expression of uPAR in the subdural fluid and hematoma membrane indicates that the mechanisms of CSDH are predominantly in the subdural fluid collection and surrounding hematoma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thorbjørn Søren Rønn Jensen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Neuroscience Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 6, 2100, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Markus Harboe Olsen
- Department of Neuroanesthesiology, The Neuroscience Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | | | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tina Binderup
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET & Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kåre Fugleholm
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Neuroscience Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Inge Lehmanns Vej 6, 2100, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang X, Bai F, Liu X, Peng B, Xu X, Zhang H, Fu L, Zhu WG, Wang B, Pei XH. GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to promote DNA damage repair and suppress dedifferentiation in breast cancer. BMC Biol 2024; 22:85. [PMID: 38627785 PMCID: PMC11020915 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01881-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadequate DNA damage repair promotes aberrant differentiation of mammary epithelial cells. Mammary luminal cell fate is mainly determined by a few transcription factors including GATA3. We previously reported that GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to suppress aberrant differentiation in breast cancer. How GATA3 impacts DNA damage repair preventing aberrant cell differentiation in breast cancer remains elusive. We previously demonstrated that loss of p18, a cell cycle inhibitor, in mice induces luminal-type mammary tumors, whereas depletion of either Brca1 or Gata3 in p18 null mice leads to basal-like breast cancers (BLBCs) with activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We took advantage of these mutant mice to examine the role of Gata3 as well as the interaction of Gata3 and Brca1 in DNA damage repair in mammary tumorigenesis. RESULTS Depletion of Gata3, like that of Brca1, promoted DNA damage accumulation in breast cancer cells in vitro and in basal-like breast cancers in vivo. Reconstitution of Gata3 improved DNA damage repair in Brca1-deficient mammary tumorigenesis. Overexpression of GATA3 promoted homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA damage repair and restored HR efficiency of BRCA1-deficient cells. Depletion of Gata3 sensitized tumor cells to PARP inhibitor (PARPi), and reconstitution of Gata3 enhanced resistance of Brca1-deficient tumor cells to PARP inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that Gata3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to promote DNA damage repair and suppress dedifferentiation in mammary tumorigenesis and progression. Our findings suggest that PARP inhibitors are effective for the treatment of GATA3-deficient BLBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xingzhi Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention and International Cancer Center and Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Program for Cancer and Cell Biology, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518039, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schirmer U, Schneider SA, Khromov T, Bremmer F, Schminke B, Schliephake H, Liefeith K, Brockmeyer P. Sclerostin Alters Tumor Cell Characteristics of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and May Be a Key Player in Local Bone Invasion. Cells 2024; 13:137. [PMID: 38247829 PMCID: PMC10814349 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Localized jawbone invasion is a milestone in the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The factors that promote this process are not well understood. Sclerostin is known to be involved in bone metabolism and there are preliminary reports of its involvement in bone tumors and bone metastasis. To identify a possible involvement of sclerostin in the bone invasion process of OSCC, sclerostin expression was analyzed in vitro in two different human OSCC tumor cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the effect of recombinant human (rh)-sclerostin treatment on tumor cell capabilities was evaluated using proliferation, migration, and invasion assays. Undifferentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were osteogenically differentiated and co-cultured with OSCC tumor cells to demonstrate potential interactions and migration characteristics. Sclerostin expression was evaluated in clinical cases by immunohistochemistry at the OSCC-jawbone interface in a cohort of 15 patients. Sclerostin expression was detected in both OSCC tumor cell lines in vitro and was also detected at the OSCC-jawbone interface in clinical cases. Tumor cell proliferation rate, migration and invasion ability were increased by rh-sclerostin treatment. The migration rate of tumor cells co-cultured with osteogenically differentiated hMSCs was increased. The results presented are the first data suggesting a possible involvement of sclerostin in the bone invasion process of OSCC, which deserves further investigation and may be a potential approach for drug-based tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Schirmer
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques, D-37308 Heiligenstadt, Germany; (U.S.); (S.A.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Sina Allegra Schneider
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques, D-37308 Heiligenstadt, Germany; (U.S.); (S.A.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Tatjana Khromov
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - Boris Schminke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| | - Klaus Liefeith
- Institute for Bioprocessing and Analytical Measurement Techniques, D-37308 Heiligenstadt, Germany; (U.S.); (S.A.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany; (B.S.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lawaetz M, Binderup T, Christensen A, Juhl K, Lelkaitis G, Lykke E, Knudsen L, von Buchwald C, Kjaer A. Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) Expression and [ 64Cu]Cu-DOTA-AE105 uPAR-PET/CT in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Mol Imaging Biol 2023; 25:1034-1044. [PMID: 37749438 PMCID: PMC10728257 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-AE105 urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)-PET/CT is a novel and promising imaging modality for cancer visualization, although it has not been tested in head and neck cancer patients nor in preclinical models that closely resemble these heterogenous tumors, i.e., patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The aim of the present study was to establish and validate oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) PDX models and to evaluate [64Cu]Cu-uPAR-PET/CT for tumor imaging in these models. PROCEDURES PDX flank tumor models were established by engrafting tumor tissue from three patients with locally advanced OSCC into immunodeficient mice. [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-AE105 was injected in passage 2 (P2) mice, and [64Cu]Cu-uPAR-PET/CT was performed 1 h and 24 h after injection. After the last PET scan, all animals were euthanized, and tumors dissected for autoradiography and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. RESULTS Three PDX models were established, and all of them showed histological stability and unchanged heterogenicity, uPAR expression, and Ki67 expression through passages. A significant correlation between uPAR expression and tumor growth was found. All tumors of all models (n=29) showed tumor uptake of [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-AE105. There was a clear visual concordance between the distribution of uPAR expression (IHC) and [64Cu]Cu-DOTA-AE105 uptake pattern in tumor tissue (autoradiography). No significant correlation was found between IHC (H-score) and PET-signal (SUVmax) (r=0.34; p=0.07). CONCLUSIONS OSCC PDX models in early passages histologically mimic donor tumors and could serve as a valuable platform for the development of uPAR-targeted imaging and therapeutic modalities. Furthermore, [64Cu]Cu-uPAR-PET/CT showed target- and tumor-specific uptake in OSCC PDX models demonstrating the diagnostic potential of this modality for OSCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mads Lawaetz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tina Binderup
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Christensen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karina Juhl
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giedrius Lelkaitis
- Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Lykke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Line Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian von Buchwald
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Audiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet & Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koi Y, Yamamoto Y, Fukunaga S, Kajitani K, Ohara M, Daimaru Y, Tahara H, Tamada R. Assessment of the expression of microRNAs‑221‑3p, ‑146a‑5p, ‑16‑5p and BCL2 in oncocytic carcinoma of the breast: A case report. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:535. [PMID: 38020289 PMCID: PMC10655050 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncocytic carcinoma of the breast is rare and its molecular profiles remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been identified as contributors to carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level; thus, an aberrant expression of miRNAs has attracted attention as a potential biomarker of numerous diseases, including cancer. The present study reports the case of a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma of the breast. Considering the distinctive feature of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, which is the presence of granular eosinophilic cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria, the present study hypothesized that the expression of mitochondria-related miRNAs could be altered in oncocytic carcinomas. Aberrant expression levels of the miRNAs previously reported as mitochondria-related miRNAs, such as miR-221-3p, -146a-5p and -16-5p, were revealed in tissue from specimens of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, compared with that of a more typical type of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The present study highlights the changes in miRNA expression in oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, suggesting its potential as a biomarker for diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Koi
- Department of Breast Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka 811-1395, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Japan Agricultural Co-operatives Hiroshima General Hospital, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Saori Fukunaga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Keiko Kajitani
- Department of Breast Surgery, Japan Agricultural Co-operatives Hiroshima General Hospital, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohara
- Department of Breast Surgery, Japan Agricultural Co-operatives Hiroshima General Hospital, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Yutaka Daimaru
- Section of Pathological Research and Laboratory, Japan Agricultural Co-operatives Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tahara
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Tamada
- Department of Surgery, Nishiki Hospital, Yamaguchi 741-0061, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reisbeck L, Linder B, Tascher G, Bozkurt S, Weber KJ, Herold-Mende C, van Wijk SJL, Marschalek R, Schaefer L, Münch C, Kögel D. The iron chelator and OXPHOS inhibitor VLX600 induces mitophagy and an autophagy-dependent type of cell death in glioblastoma cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C1451-C1469. [PMID: 37899749 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00293.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Induction of alternative, non-apoptotic cell death programs such as cell-lethal autophagy and mitophagy represent possible strategies to combat glioblastoma (GBM). Here we report that VLX600, a novel iron chelator and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor, induces a caspase-independent type of cell death that is partially rescued in adherent U251 ATG5/7 (autophagy related 5/7) knockout (KO) GBM cells and NCH644 ATG5/7 knockdown (KD) glioma stem-like cells (GSCs), suggesting that VLX600 induces an autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD) in GBM. This ADCD is accompanied by decreased oxygen consumption, increased expression/mitochondrial localization of BNIP3 (BCL2 interacting protein 3) and BNIP3L (BCL2 interacting protein 3 like), the induction of mitophagy as demonstrated by diminished levels of mitochondrial marker proteins [e.g., COX4I1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1)] and the mitoKeima assay as well as increased histone H3 and H4 lysine tri-methylation. Furthermore, the extracellular addition of iron is able to significantly rescue VLX600-induced cell death and mitophagy, pointing out an important role of iron metabolism for GBM cell homeostasis. Interestingly, VLX600 is also able to completely eliminate NCH644 GSC tumors in an organotypic brain slice transplantation model. Our data support the therapeutic concept of ADCD induction in GBM and suggest that VLX600 may be an interesting novel drug candidate for the treatment of this tumor.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Induction of cell-lethal autophagy represents a possible strategy to combat glioblastoma (GBM). Here, we demonstrate that the novel iron chelator and OXPHOS inhibitor VLX600 exerts pronounced tumor cell-killing effects in adherently cultured GBM cells and glioblastoma stem-like cell (GSC) spheroid cultures that depend on the iron-chelating function of VLX600 and on autophagy activation, underscoring the context-dependent role of autophagy in therapy responses. VLX600 represents an interesting novel drug candidate for the treatment of this tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Reisbeck
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedikt Linder
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georg Tascher
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Süleyman Bozkurt
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Katharina J Weber
- Neurological Institute (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt/Main, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Division of Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sjoerd J L van Wijk
- Institute for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt/Main, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rolf Marschalek
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Diagnostic Center of Acute Leukemia, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Münch
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Donat Kögel
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience Center, Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Frankfurt/Main, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tsoi H, Lok J, Man EP, Cheng CN, Leung MH, You CP, Chan SY, Chan WL, Khoo US. Overexpression of BQ323636.1 contributes to anastrozole resistance in AR+ve/ER+ve breast cancer. J Pathol 2023; 261:156-168. [PMID: 37555303 DOI: 10.1002/path.6157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (Ais) are used as adjuvant endocrine therapy for oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+ve) post-menopausal breast cancer patients. Ais, by inhibiting the enzyme aromatase, block the conversion of androgen to oestrogen, reducing oestrogen levels. Resistance to Ais limits their clinical utilisation. Here, we show that overexpression of BQ323636.1 (BQ), a novel splice variant of nuclear co-repressor NCOR2, is associated with resistance to the non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor anastrozole in ER+ve post-menopausal breast cancer. Mechanistic study indicates that BQ overexpression enhances androgen receptor (AR) activity and in the presence of anastrozole, causes hyper-activation of AR signalling, which unexpectedly enhanced cell proliferation, through increased expression of CDK2, CDK4, and CCNE1. BQ overexpression reverses the effect of anastrozole in ER+ve breast cancer in an AR-dependent manner, whilst co-treatment with the AR antagonist bicalutamide recovered its therapeutic effect both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, for BQ-overexpressing breast cancer, targeting AR can combat anastrozole resistance. Clinical study of 268 primary breast cancer samples of ER+ve patients who had been treated with non-steroidal Ais showed 32.5% (38/117) of cases with combined high nuclear expression of BQ and AR, which were found to be significantly associated with Ai resistance. Non-steroidal Ai-treated patients with high nuclear expression of both BQ and AR had poorer overall, disease-specific, and disease-free survival. These findings suggest the importance of assessing BQ and AR expression status in the primary ER+ve breast tumour prior to Ai treatment. This may save patients from inappropriate treatment and enable effective therapy to be given at an early stage. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho Tsoi
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Johann Lok
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Ellen Ps Man
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Cheuk-Nam Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Man-Hong Leung
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Chan-Ping You
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Sum-Yin Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Wing-Lok Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| | - Ui-Soon Khoo
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fischer AK, Semaan A, Wulf AL, Vokuhl C, Goltz D, Fischer HP. Pathology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Tumor-Bearing Liver Tissue in Association with hTERT Promoter Mutation. Int J Hepatol 2023; 2023:4313504. [PMID: 37593089 PMCID: PMC10432107 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4313504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hTERT promoter mutation represents a common and early event in hepatocarcinogenesis, but its linkage to the morphological status of the underlying liver tissue is poorly understood. We analyzed the connection between the histopathological changes in tumor-bearing liver tissue and the occurrence of the hTERT promoter mutation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), correlated with clinical data. Methods The study cohort comprised 160 histologically confirmed HCC in patients with or without cirrhosis that were investigated for the hTERT promoter mutation. We evaluated the frequency of the hTERT promoter mutation in patients with HCC with or without cirrhosis and correlated it with potential clinical and histopathological drivers. In particular, we examined tumor-bearing noncirrhotic liver tissue regarding inflammation; the modified histological activity index (mHAI), fibrosis, and steatosis; and its correlation with the frequency of the hTERT promoter mutation in HCC. We evaluated overall survival with multivariate Cox regression. Furthermore, we compared hTERT antibody immunohistochemistry and molecular hTERT promoter mutation analysis of both HCC and background liver tissue. Results The hTERT promoter mutation was especially related to HCC in cirrhotic compared with noncirrhotic liver (p < 0.001) and independently of cirrhosis in patients ≥ 60 years (p = 0.005). Furthermore, the hTERT promoter mutation was associated with cirrhosis caused by alcohol toxicity and hepatitis C virus infection. In noncirrhotic liver tissue, the frequency of hTERT-promoter-mutated HCC increased with the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. Nevertheless, 25% of the hTERT-promoter-mutated HCC developed in normal liver tissue without HCC risk factors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis did not reveal an influence of the hTERT promoter mutation in HCC on overall survival at 3, 5, and 16 years. Immunohistochemical analysis with the hTERT antibodies LS-B95 and 2D8 in hTERT-promoter-mutated HCC and hTERT-wildtype HCC showed a mildly stronger immunoreaction compared with the tumor-bearing liver tissue (LS-B95: p < 0.01, 2D8: p < 0.01). Conclusions Our study reveals a connection between pathological changes in tumor-bearing liver tissue and the hTERT promoter mutation in most HCC, even in noncirrhotic liver tissue. Immunohistochemical hTERT antibodies do not discriminate between hTERT-promoter-mutated and wildtype HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Semaan
- Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Wulf
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Vokuhl
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Diane Goltz
- Institute of Pathology and Hematopathology Hamburg, Fangdieckstraße 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Fischer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Pathology Troisdorf, Mendener Str. 12, 53840 Troisdorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thibaudin M, Fumet JD, Chibaudel B, Bennouna J, Borg C, Martin-Babau J, Cohen R, Fonck M, Taieb J, Limagne E, Blanc J, Ballot E, Hampe L, Bon M, Daumoine S, Peroz M, Mananet H, Derangère V, Boidot R, Michaud HA, Laheurte C, Adotevi O, Bertaut A, Truntzer C, Ghiringhelli F. First-line durvalumab and tremelimumab with chemotherapy in RAS-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase 1b/2 trial. Nat Med 2023; 29:2087-2098. [PMID: 37563240 PMCID: PMC10427431 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02497-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Although patients with microsatellite instable metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) benefit from immune checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy with targeted therapies remains the only therapeutic option for microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. The single-arm, phase 1b/2 MEDITREME trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of durvalumab plus tremelimumab combined with mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy in first line, in 57 patients with RAS-mutant unresectable metastatic CRC. Safety was the primary objective of phase Ib; no safety issue was observed. The phase 2 primary objective of efficacy in terms of 3-month progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with MSS tumors was met, with 3-month PFS of 90.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 79.2-96%). For secondary objectives, response rate was 64.5%; median PFS was 8.2 months (95% CI: 5.9-8.6); and overall survival was not reached in patients with MSS tumors. We observed higher tumor mutational burden and lower genomic instability in responders. Integrated transcriptomic analysis underlined that high immune signature and low epithelial-mesenchymal transition were associated with better outcome. Immunomonitoring showed induction of neoantigen and NY-ESO1 and TERT blood tumor-specific T cell response associated with better PFS. The combination of durvalumab-tremelimumab with mFOLFOX6 was tolerable with promising clinical activity in MSS mCRC. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03202758 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Thibaudin
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France.
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France.
| | - Jean-David Fumet
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
| | - Benoist Chibaudel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Franco-Britannique - Fondation Cognacq-Jay, Levallois-Perret, France
| | | | | | | | - Romain Cohen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint Antoine, Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Fonck
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Bergonie, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Taieb
- Department of Gastroenterology, Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Emeric Limagne
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Julie Blanc
- Department of Statistics, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Elise Ballot
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Léa Hampe
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Marjorie Bon
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Susy Daumoine
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Morgane Peroz
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Hugo Mananet
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Valentin Derangère
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Boidot
- Unit of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Henri-Alexandre Michaud
- Plateforme de Cytométrie et d'Imagerie de Masse, IRCM, University of Montpellier, ICM, Inserm Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Laheurte
- INSERM EFS UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur - Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Olivier Adotevi
- Department of Medical Oncology, CHU, Besançon, France
- INSERM EFS UMR1098 RIGHT Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur - Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- Department of Statistics, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Caroline Truntzer
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
- Cancer Biology Transfer Platform, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France.
- Centre de Recherche INSERM LNC-UMR1231, Dijon, France.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France.
- Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yoshikawa N, Yoshida K, Liu W, Matsukawa T, Hattori S, Yoshihara M, Tamauchi S, Ikeda Y, Yokoi A, Shimizu Y, Niimi K, Kajiyama H. The prognostic significance of DDIT4 in endometrial cancer. Cancer Biomark 2023:CBM220368. [PMID: 37302026 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive research on endometrial cancer and tumor hypoxic microenvironment, there are no reports exploring the role of DDIT4 in endometrial cancer. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the significance of DDIT4, as a prognostic biomarker for endometrial cancer by immunohistochemical staining and statistical analysis. METHODS Four endometrial cancer cells were cultured under normoxia and hypoxia, and the differentially expressed genes were examined using RNA-seq. Immunohistochemical staining for DDIT4 and HIF1A was performed in 86 patients with type II endometrial cancer treated at our hospital, and their correlation with other clinicopathological factors and the prognostic role was analyzed using statistical methods. RESULTS The expression analysis of hypoxia-inducible genes using four types of endometrial cancer cells revealed that DDIT4 was among the 28 genes that were upregulated in all cells. Based on our results of immunohistochemistry of DDIT4 expression in endometrial cancer tissues, univariate and multivariate analyses based on COX regression analysis showed that high DDIT4 expression significantly correlated to favorable prognosis in both progression-free survival and overall survival. Limited to recurrent cases, metastasis to only lymph nodes was significantly related to high DDIT4 expression, whereas metastasis to other parenchymal organs was significantly dominant in patients with low DDIT4 expression. CONCLUSIONS The expression of DDIT4 enables to predict survival and recurrence in type II endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Yoshikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wenting Liu
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsukawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satomi Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masato Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tamauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Yokoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shimizu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kaoru Niimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhang X, Shen Y, Yang K, Ma Q, Qiao Y, Shi J, Wang Y, Xu L, Yang B, Ge G, Hu L, Kong X, Yang C, Chen Y, Ding J, Meng L. Intact regulation of G1/S transition renders esophageal squamous cell carcinoma sensitive to PI3Kα inhibitors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:153. [PMID: 37041169 PMCID: PMC10090078 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) inhibitors are currently evaluated for the therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). It is of great importance to identify potential biomarkers to predict or monitor the efficacy of PI3Kα inhibitors in an aim to improve the clinical responsive rate in ESCC. Here, ESCC PDXs with CCND1 amplification were found to be more sensitive to CYH33, a novel PI3Kα-selective inhibitor currently in clinical trials for the treatment of advanced solid tumors including ESCC. Elevated level of cyclin D1, p21 and Rb was found in CYH33-sensitive ESCC cells compared to those in resistant cells. CYH33 significantly arrested sensitive cells but not resistant cells at G1 phase, which was associated with accumulation of p21 and suppression of Rb phosphorylation by CDK4/6 and CDK2. Hypo-phosphorylation of Rb attenuated the transcriptional activation of SKP2 by E2F1, which in turn hindered SKP2-mediated degradation of p21 and reinforced accumulation of p21. Moreover, CDK4/6 inhibitors sensitized resistant ESCC cells and PDXs to CYH33. These findings provided mechanistic rationale to evaluate PI3Kα inhibitors in ESCC patients harboring amplified CCND1 and the combined regimen with CDK4/6 inhibitors in ESCC with proficient Rb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kang Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingyang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuemei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jiajie Shi
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lan Xu
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Biyu Yang
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gaoxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Landian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xiangyin Kong
- Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Chunhao Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Linghua Meng
- Division of Anti-tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abbas-Aghababazadeh F, Sasamoto N, Townsend MK, Huang T, Terry KL, Vitonis AF, Elias KM, Poole EM, Hecht JL, Tworoger SS, Fridley BL. Predictors of residual disease after debulking surgery in advanced stage ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1090092. [PMID: 36761962 PMCID: PMC9902593 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1090092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Optimal debulking with no macroscopic residual disease strongly predicts ovarian cancer survival. The ability to predict likelihood of optimal debulking, which may be partially dependent on tumor biology, could inform clinical decision-making regarding use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Thus, we developed a prediction model including epidemiological factors and tumor markers of residual disease after primary debulking surgery. Methods Univariate analyses examined associations of 11 pre-diagnosis epidemiologic factors (n=593) and 24 tumor markers (n=204) with debulking status among incident, high-stage, epithelial ovarian cancer cases from the Nurses' Health Studies and New England Case Control study. We used Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to develop prediction models of optimal debulking with 5x5-fold cross-validation and calculated the area under the curve (AUC). Results Current aspirin use was associated with lower odds of optimal debulking compared to never use (OR=0.52, 95%CI=0.31-0.86) and two tissue markers, ADRB2 (OR=2.21, 95%CI=1.23-4.41) and FAP (OR=1.91, 95%CI=1.24-3.05) were associated with increased odds of optimal debulking. The BMA selected aspirin, parity, and menopausal status as the epidemiologic/clinical predictors with the posterior effect probability ≥20%. While the prediction model with epidemiologic/clinical predictors had low performance (average AUC=0.49), the model adding tissue biomarkers showed improved, but weak, performance (average AUC=0.62). Conclusions Addition of ovarian tumor tissue markers to our multivariable prediction models based on epidemiologic/clinical data slightly improved the model performance, suggesting debulking status may be in part driven by tumor characteristics. Larger studies are warranted to identify those at high risk of poor surgical outcomes informing personalized treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Abbas-Aghababazadeh
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States,University Health Network, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Naoko Sasamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary K. Townsend
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Department of Medicine, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kathryn L. Terry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Allison F. Vitonis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kevin M. Elias
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Jonathan L. Hecht
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shelley S. Tworoger
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Brooke L. Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States,*Correspondence: Brooke L. Fridley,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schminke B, Shomroni O, Salinas G, Bremmer F, Kauffmann P, Schliephake H, Oyelami F, Rahat MA, Brockmeyer P. Prognostic factor identification by screening changes in differentially expressed genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:116-127. [PMID: 33872434 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to identify changes in the expression of proteins occurring during the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to validate their impact on patient prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The human OSCC cell line UPCI-SCC-040 was treated in vitro with TGF-β1, and transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed putative candidates relative to untreated cells. The respective protein expression levels of the most important genes were immunohistochemically validated on a tissue microarray (TMA) containing tissue samples from 39 patients with OSCC and were correlated with disease-free survival (DFS) as the primary clinical endpoint. RESULTS Our univariate Cox proportional hazard regression (CR) analysis revealed significant correlations among positive N stage (local lymph node metastasis, p = .04), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (p < .01), sclerostin (p = .01), and CD137L expression (p = .04) and DFS. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and sclerostin remained the main prognostic factors (p < .01) in the multiple CR model. CONCLUSION We identified changes in differentially expressed genes during OSCC progression in vitro and translated the impact of the most deregulated genes on patient prognosis. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and sclerostin acted as independent prognostic factors in OSCC and could also be interesting candidates for new cancer targeted therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Schminke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Core Unit, Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Core Unit, Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Kauffmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Henning Schliephake
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Felix Oyelami
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center and the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michal A Rahat
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, Carmel Medical Center and the Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Phillipp Brockmeyer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Combination of CDX2 H-score quantitative analysis with CD3 AI-guided analysis identifies patients with a good prognosis only in stage III colon cancer. Eur J Cancer 2022; 172:221-230. [PMID: 35785606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2022.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Stratification of colon cancer (CC) of patients with stage II and III for risk of relapse is still needed especially to drive adjuvant therapy administration. Our study evaluates the prognostic performance of two known biomarkers, CDX2 and CD3, standalone or their combined information in stage II and III CC. PATIENTS AND METHODS CDX2 and CD3 expression was evaluated in Prodige-13 study gathering 443 stage II and 398 stage III primary CC on whole slide colectomy. We developed for this study an H-score to quantify CDX2 expression and used our artificial intelligence (AI)-guided tissue analysis ColoClass to detect CD3 in tumour core and invasive margin. Association between biomarkers and relapse-free survival was investigated. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed that the combined variable CD3-TC and CD3-IM was associated with prognosis in both stage II and stage III. CDX2, on the contrary, was associated with prognosis only in stage III. We subsequently associated CDX2 and combined immune parameters only in stage III. This multivariate analysis allowed us to distinguish a proportion of stage III CC harbouring a high CDX2 expression and a high immune infiltration with a particularly good prognosis compared to their counterpart. CONCLUSION This study validated the prognostic role of CDX2 and CD3 evaluated with immunohistochemistry procedures in stage III but not in stage II. This association would be conceivable in a routine pathology laboratory and could help oncologist to consider chemotherapy de-escalation for a part of stage III patients.
Collapse
|
15
|
Bankhead P. Developing image analysis methods for digital pathology. J Pathol 2022; 257:391-402. [PMID: 35481680 PMCID: PMC9324951 DOI: 10.1002/path.5921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The potential to use quantitative image analysis and artificial intelligence is one of the driving forces behind digital pathology. However, despite novel image analysis methods for pathology being described across many publications, few become widely adopted and many are not applied in more than a single study. The explanation is often straightforward: software implementing the method is simply not available, or is too complex, incomplete, or dataset‐dependent for others to use. The result is a disconnect between what seems already possible in digital pathology based upon the literature, and what actually is possible for anyone wishing to apply it using currently available software. This review begins by introducing the main approaches and techniques involved in analysing pathology images. I then examine the practical challenges inherent in taking algorithms beyond proof‐of‐concept, from both a user and developer perspective. I describe the need for a collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to developing and validating meaningful new algorithms, and argue that openness, implementation, and usability deserve more attention among digital pathology researchers. The review ends with a discussion about how digital pathology could benefit from interacting with and learning from the wider bioimage analysis community, particularly with regard to sharing data, software, and ideas. © 2022 The Author. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bankhead
- Edinburgh Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Loss of function of BRCA1 promotes EMT in mammary tumors through activation of TGFβR2 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:195. [PMID: 35236825 PMCID: PMC8891277 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04646-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1 deficient breast cancers are aggressive and chemoresistant due, in part, to their enrichment of cancer stem cells that can be generated from carcinoma cells by an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We previously discovered that BRCA1 deficiency activates EMT in mammary tumorigenesis. How BRCA1 controls EMT and how to effectively target BRCA1-deficient cancers remain elusive. We analyzed murine and human tumors and identified a role for Tgfβr2 in governing the molecular aspects of EMT that occur with Brca1 loss. We utilized CRISPR to delete Tgfβr2 and specific inhibitors to block Tgfβr2 activity and followed up with the molecular analysis of assays for tumor growth and metastasis. We discovered that heterozygous germline deletion, or epithelia-specific deletion of Brca1 in mice, activates Tgfβr2 signaling pathways in mammary tumors. BRCA1 depletion promotes TGFβ-mediated EMT activation in cancer cells. BRCA1 binds to the TGFβR2 locus to repress its transcription. Targeted deletion or pharmaceutical inhibition of Tgfβr2 in Brca1-deficient tumor cells reduces EMT and suppresses tumorigenesis and metastasis. BRCA1 and TGFβR2 expression levels are inversely related in human breast cancers. This study reveals for the first time that a targetable TGFβR signaling pathway is directly activated by BRCA1-deficiency in the induction of EMT in breast cancer progression.
Collapse
|
17
|
Togni C, Rom E, Burghardt I, Roth P, Rushing EJ, Weller M, Gramatzki D. Prognostic Relevance of Transforming Growth Factor-β Receptor Expression and Signaling in Glioblastoma, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Wildtype. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2022; 81:225-235. [PMID: 35190826 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway has been recognized as a major factor in promoting the aggressive behavior of glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype. However, there is little knowledge about the expression of TGF-β receptors in glioblastoma. Here, we studied the expression patterns of TGF-β receptor II (TGFβRII), type I receptors activin receptor-like kinase (ALK)-5, and ALK-1, as well as of the transcriptional regulators inhibitor of differentiation (Id) 2, Id3, and Id4 in human glioblastoma. The expression of TGFβRII, ALK-5, and ALK-1 varied greatly, with TGFβRII and ALK-5 being the most abundant and ALK-1 being the least expressed receptor. None of the 3 receptors was preferentially expressed by tumor vasculature as opposed to the tumor bulk, indicating tumor bulk-governed mechanisms of TGF-β signaling with regard to glioblastoma-associated angiogenesis. A positive correlation was found between ALK-1 and Id2, suggesting that Id2, broadly expressed in the tumor cells, is a downstream target of this receptor-dependent pathway. Furthermore, there was a trend for high expression of ALK-5 or Id2 to be associated with inferior overall survival. Hence, we propose that ALK-5 may be used for patient stratification in future anti-TGF-β treatment trials and that Id2 might be a potential target for anti-TGF-β interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Togni
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Emanuel Rom
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Burghardt
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Roth
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth J Rushing
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Weller
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Gramatzki
- From the Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Center, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bai F, Zheng C, Liu X, Chan HL, Liu S, Ma J, Ren S, Zhu WG, Pei XH. Loss of function of GATA3 induces basal-like mammary tumors. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:720-733. [PMID: 34976209 PMCID: PMC8692904 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: GATA3 is a transcription factor essential for mammary luminal epithelial cell differentiation. Expression of GATA3 is absent or significantly reduced in basal-like breast cancers. Gata3 loss-of-function impairs cell proliferation, making it difficult to investigate the role of GATA3 deficiency in vivo. We previously demonstrated that CDK inhibitor p18INK4c (p18) is a downstream target of GATA3 and restrains mammary epithelial cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Whether and how loss-of-function of GATA3 results in basal-like breast cancers remains elusive. Methods: We generated mutant mouse strains with heterozygous germline deletion of Gata3 in p18 deficient backgrounds and developed a Gata3 depleted mammary tumor model system to determine the role of Gata3 loss in controlling cell proliferation and aberrant differentiation in mammary tumor development and progression. Results: Haploid loss of Gata3 reduced mammary epithelial cell proliferation with induction of p18, impaired luminal differentiation, and promoted basal differentiation in mammary glands. p18 deficiency induced luminal type mammary tumors and rescued the proliferative defect caused by haploid loss of Gata3. Haploid loss of Gata3 accelerated p18 deficient mammary tumor development and changed the properties of these tumors, resulting in their malignant and luminal-to-basal transformation. Expression of Gata3 negatively correlated with basal differentiation markers in MMTV-PyMT mammary tumor cells. Depletion of Gata3 in luminal tumor cells also reduced cell proliferation with induction of p18 and promoted basal differentiation. We confirmed that expression of GATA3 and basal markers are inversely correlated in human basal-like breast cancers. Conclusions: This study provides the first genetic evidence demonstrating that loss-of-function of GATA3 directly induces basal-like breast cancer. Our finding suggests that basal-like breast cancer may also originate from luminal type cancer.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kareva I, Brown JS. Estrogen as an Essential Resource and the Coexistence of ER+ and ER– Cancer Cells. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.673082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of estrogen sensitivity in breast cancer is largely predicated on the ratio of ER+ and ER– cancer cells obtained from biopsies. Estrogen is a growth factor necessary for cell survival and division. It can also be thought of as an essential resource that can act in association with other nutrients, glucose, glutamine, fatty acids, amino acids, etc. All of these nutrients, collectively or individually, may limit the growth of the cancer cells (Liebig’s Law of the Minimum). Here we model estrogen susceptibility in breast cancer as a consumer-resource interaction: ER+ cells require both estrogen and glucose as essential resources, whereas ER– only require the general resource. The model predicts that when estrogen is the limiting factor, other nutrients may go unconsumed and available at higher levels, thus permitting the invasion of ER– cells. Conversely, when ER– cells are less efficient on glucose than ER+ cells, then ER– cells limited by glucose may be susceptible to invasion by ER+ cells, provided that sufficient levels of estrogen are available. ER+ cells will outcompete ER– cells when estrogen is abundant, resulting in low concentrations of interstitial glucose within the tumor. In the absence of estrogen, ER– cells will outcompete ER+ cells, leaving a higher concentration of interstitial glucose. At intermediate delivery rates of estrogen and glucose, ER+ and ER– cells are predicted to coexist. In modeling the dynamics of cells in the same tumor with different resource requirements, we can apply concepts and terms familiar to many ecologists. These include: resource supply points, R∗, ZNGI (zero net growth isoclines), resource depletion, and resource uptake rates. Based on the circumstances favoring ER+ vs. ER– breast cancer, we use the model to explore the consequences of therapeutic regimens that may include hormonal therapies, possible roles of diet in changing cancer cell composition, and potential for evolutionarily informed therapies. More generally, the model invites the viewpoint that cancer’s eco-evolutionary dynamics are a consumer-resource interaction, and that other growth factors such as EGFR or androgens may be best viewed as essential resources within these dynamics.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bai F, Zhang LH, Liu X, Wang C, Zheng C, Sun J, Li M, Zhu WG, Pei XH. GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to suppress EMT in breast cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:8218-8233. [PMID: 34373738 PMCID: PMC8344017 DOI: 10.7150/thno.59280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Functional loss of BRCA1 is associated with poorly differentiated and metastatic breast cancers that are enriched with cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs can be generated from carcinoma cells through an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. We and others have previously demonstrated that BRCA1 suppresses EMT and regulates the expression of multiple EMT-related transcription factors. However, the downstream mediators of BRCA1 function in EMT suppression remain elusive. Methods: Depletion of BRCA1 or GATA3 activates p18INK4C , a cell cycle inhibitor which inhibits mammary epithelial cell proliferation. We have therefore created genetically engineered mice with Brca1 or Gata3 loss in addition to deletion of p18INK4C , to rescue proliferative defects caused by deficiency of Brca1 or Gata3. By using these mutant mice along with human BRCA1 deficient as well as proficient breast cancer tissues and cells, we investigated and compared the role of Brca1 and Gata3 loss in the activation of EMT in breast cancers. Results: We discovered that BRCA1 and GATA3 expressions were positively correlated in human breast cancer. Depletion of BRCA1 stimulated methylation of GATA3 promoter thereby repressing GATA3 transcription. We developed Brca1 and Gata3 deficient mouse system. We found that Gata3 deficiency in mice induced poorly-differentiated mammary tumors with the activation of EMT and promoted tumor initiating and metastatic potential. Gata3 deficient mammary tumors phenocopied Brca1 deficient tumors in the induction of EMT under the same genetic background. Reconstitution of Gata3 in Brca1-deficient tumor cells activated mesenchymal-epithelial transition, suppressing tumor initiation and metastasis. Conclusions: Our finding, for the first time, demonstrates that GATA3 functions downstream of BRCA1 to suppress EMT in controlling mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Li-Han Zhang
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chuying Wang
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Chenglong Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianping Sun
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA
| | - Min Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, International Cancer Center, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li T, Greenblatt EM, Shin ME, Brown TJ, Chan C. Endometrial laminin subunit beta-3 expression associates with reproductive outcome in patients with repeated implantation failure. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1835-1842. [PMID: 33715134 PMCID: PMC8324716 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02135-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometrial laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) is a candidate gene whose expression distinguishes the endometrial window of receptivity (WOR) in human. This study aims to examine endometrial LAMB3 levels in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF), in order to assess the ability of LAMB3 to predict pregnancy outcome. METHODS Endometrial biopsies were taken during the WOR from 21 healthy volunteers in natural menstrual cycles and from 50 RIF patients in mock cycles prior to frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of LAMB3 was performed, and the H-score was correlated with the pregnancy outcome in subsequent FETs. RESULTS In healthy volunteers, endometrial LAMB3 was demonstrated to be highly expressed during the WOR with the staining exclusively in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells. In a discovery set of RIF patients, the LAMB3 expression level was found to be significantly higher in those who conceived compared to those who did not in subsequent FETs. A receiving operator characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7818 (95% confidence interval 59.92-96.44%) with an H-score cutoff of 4.129 to differentiate cases with positive or negative pregnancy outcomes. This cutoff achieved an accuracy of 75% in pregnancy prediction in a following validation set of RIF patients, in which the pregnancy rate in subsequent FETs was three-fold higher when the mock cycle LAMB3 H-score was ≥ 4.129 compared to < 4.129. CONCLUSIONS IHC measurement of endometrial LAMB3 expression could be a promising prognostic method to predict pregnancy outcome for RIF patients undergoing FETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Li
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ellen M Greenblatt
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Mount Sinai Fertility (MSF), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Theodore J Brown
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Crystal Chan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute (LTRI), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Mount Sinai Fertility (MSF), Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Baratchian M, McManus JM, Berk MP, Nakamura F, Mukhopadhyay S, Xu W, Erzurum S, Drazba J, Peterson J, Klein EA, Gaston B, Sharifi N. Androgen regulation of pulmonary AR, TMPRSS2 and ACE2 with implications for sex-discordant COVID-19 outcomes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11130. [PMID: 34045511 PMCID: PMC8159988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The sex discordance in COVID-19 outcomes has been widely recognized, with males generally faring worse than females and a potential link to sex steroids. A plausible mechanism is androgen-induced expression of TMPRSS2 and/or ACE2 in pulmonary tissues that may increase susceptibility or severity in males. This hypothesis is the subject of several clinical trials of anti-androgen therapies around the world. Here, we investigated the sex-associated TMPRSS2 and ACE2 expression in human and mouse lungs and interrogated the possibility of pharmacologic modification of their expression with anti-androgens. We found no evidence for increased TMPRSS2 expression in the lungs of males compared to females in humans or mice. Furthermore, in male mice, treatment with the androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide did not decrease pulmonary TMPRSS2. On the other hand, ACE2 and AR expression was sexually dimorphic and higher in males than females. ACE2 was moderately suppressible with enzalutamide administration. Our work suggests that sex differences in COVID-19 outcomes attributable to viral entry are independent of TMPRSS2. Modest changes in ACE2 could account for some of the sex discordance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Baratchian
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Jeffrey M McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Mike P Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Sanjay Mukhopadhyay
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Weiling Xu
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.,Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Judy Drazba
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - John Peterson
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Herman Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. .,Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. .,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zoeller JJ, Press MF, Selfors LM, Dering J, Slamon DJ, Hurvitz SA, Brugge JS. Clinical evaluation of BCL-2/XL levels pre- and post- HER2-targeted therapy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251163. [PMID: 33951110 PMCID: PMC8099090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous pre-clinical work defined BCL-2 induction as a critical component of the adaptive response to lapatinib-mediated inhibition of HER2. To determine whether a similar BCL-2 upregulation occurs in lapatinib-treated patients, we evaluated gene expression within tumor biopsies, collected before and after lapatinib or trastuzumab treatment, from the TRIO-B-07 clinical trial (NCT#00769470). We detected BCL2 mRNA upregulation in both HER2+/ER- as well as HER2+/ER+ patient tumors treated with lapatinib or trastuzumab. To address whether mRNA expression correlated with protein expression, we evaluated pre- and post-treatment tumors for BCL-2 via immunohistochemistry. Despite BCL2 mRNA upregulation within HER2+/ER- tumors, BCL-2 protein levels were undetectable in most of the lapatinib- or trastuzumab-treated HER2+/ER- tumors. BCL-2 upregulation was evident within the majority of lapatinib-treated HER2+/ER+ tumors and was often coupled with increased ER expression and decreased proliferation. Comparable BCL-2 upregulation was not observed within the trastuzumab-treated HER2+/ER+ tumors. Together, these results provide clinical validation of the BCL-2 induction associated with the adaptive response to lapatinib and support evaluation of BCL-2 inhibitors within the context of lapatinib and other HER2-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J. Zoeller
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael F. Press
- Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Laura M. Selfors
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Judy Dering
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Dennis J. Slamon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Sara A. Hurvitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Joan S. Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Microvascular proliferation is a key feature of glioblastoma and neovascularization has been implicated in tumor progression. Glioblastomas use pro-angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for new blood vessel formation. Yet, anti-VEGF therapy does not prolong overall survival so that alternative angiogenic pathways may need to be explored as drug targets. Both glioma cells and glioma-associated endothelial cells produce TGF-β superfamily ligands which bind TGF-β receptors (TGF-βR). The TGF-βR type III endoglin (CD105), is a marker of proliferating endothelium that has already been studied as a potential therapeutic target. We studied endoglin expression in glioblastoma tissue and in glioma-associated endothelial cells in a cohort of 52 newly diagnosed and 10 recurrent glioblastoma patients by immunohistochemistry and by ex vivo single-cell gene expression profiling of 6 tumors. Endoglin protein levels were similar in tumor stroma and endothelium and correlated within tumors. Similarly, endoglin mRNA determined by ex vivo single-cell gene expression profiling was expressed in both compartments. There was positive correlation between endoglin and proteins of TGF-β superfamily signaling. No prognostic role of endoglin expression in either compartment was identified. Endoglin gene silencing in T98G glioma cells and in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC) did not affect constitutive or exogenous TGF-β superfamily ligand-dependent signaling, except for a minor facilitation of pSmad1/5 signaling in hCMEC. These observations challenge the notion that endoglin might become a promising therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Collapse
|
25
|
ADAM10 is involved in the oncogenic process and chemo-resistance of triple-negative breast cancer via regulating Notch1 signaling pathway, CD44 and PrPc. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:32. [PMID: 33413403 PMCID: PMC7791678 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01727-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype to treat, because it is so aggressive with shorter survival. Chemotherapy remains the standard treatment due to the lack of specific and effective molecular targets. The aim of the present study is to investigate the potential roles of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) on TNBC cells and the effects of combining ADAM10 expression and neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment (NACT) to improve the overall survival in breast cancer patients. Methods Using a series of breast cancer cell lines, we measured the expression of ADAM10 and its substrates by quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Cell migration and invasion, cell proliferation, drug sensitivity assay, cell cycle and apoptosis were conducted in MDA-MB-231 cells cultured with ADAM10 siRNA. The effect of ADAM10 down-regulation by siRNA on its substrates was assessed by western blot analysis. We performed immunohistochemical staining for ADAM10 in clinical breast cancer tissues in 94 patients receiving NACT. Results The active form of ADAM10 was highly expressed in TNBC cell lines. Knockdown of ADAM10 in MDA-MB-231 cells led to a significant decrease in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the IC50 value of paclitaxel and adriamycin, while induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. And these changes were correlated with down-regulation of Notch signaling, CD44 and cellular prion protein (PrPc). In clinical breast cancer cases, a high ADAM10 expression in pre-NACT samples was strongly associated with poorer response to NACT and shorter overall survival. Conclusions These data suggest the previously unrecognized roles of ADAM10 in contributing to the progression and chemo-resistance of TNBC.
Collapse
|
26
|
Baratchian M, McManus JM, Berk M, Nakamura F, Mukhopadhyay S, Xu W, Erzurum S, Drazba J, Peterson J, Klein EA, Gaston B, Sharifi N. Sex, androgens and regulation of pulmonary AR, TMPRSS2 and ACE2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.04.21.051201. [PMID: 33083800 PMCID: PMC7574256 DOI: 10.1101/2020.04.21.051201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The sex discordance in COVID-19 outcomes has been widely recognized, with males generally faring worse than females and a potential link to sex steroids. A plausible mechanism is androgen-induced expression of TMPRSS2 and/or ACE2 in pulmonary tissues that may increase susceptibility or severity in males. This hypothesis is the subject of several clinical trials of anti-androgen therapies around the world. Here, we investigated the sex-associated TMPRSS2 and ACE2 expression in human and mouse lungs and interrogated the possibility of pharmacologic modification of their expression with anti-androgens. We found no evidence for increased TMPRSS2 expression in the lungs of males compared to females in humans or mice. Furthermore, in male mice, treatment with the androgen receptor antagonist enzalutamide did not decrease pulmonary TMPRSS2. On the other hand, ACE2 and AR expression was sexually dimorphic and higher in males than females. ACE2 was moderately suppressible with enzalutamide therapy. Our work suggests that sex differences in COVID-19 outcomes attributable to viral entry are independent of TMPRSS2. Modest changes in ACE2 could account for some of the sex discordance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Baratchian
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Jeffrey M. McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Mike Berk
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Fumihiko Nakamura
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | | | - Weiling Xu
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Serpil Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
- Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Judy Drazba
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - John Peterson
- Imaging Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Eric A. Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| | - Ben Gaston
- Herman Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Xiao GY, Schmid SL. FCHSD2 controls oncogenic ERK1/2 signaling outcome by regulating endocytic trafficking. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000778. [PMID: 32678845 PMCID: PMC7390455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of transformed cancer cells into metastatic tumors is, in part, driven by altered intracellular signaling downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). The surface levels and activity of RTKs are governed mainly through clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), endosomal recycling, or degradation. In turn, oncogenic signaling downstream of RTKs can reciprocally regulate endocytic trafficking by creating feedback loops in cells to enhance tumor progression. We previously showed that FCH/F-BAR and Double SH3 Domain-Containing Protein (FCHSD2) has a cancer-cell specific function in regulating CME in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Here, we report that FCHSD2 loss impacts recycling of the RTKs, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and proto-oncogene c-Met (MET), and shunts their trafficking into late endosomes and lysosomal degradation. Notably, FCHSD2 depletion results in the nuclear translocation of active extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), leading to enhanced transcription and up-regulation of EGFR and MET. The small GTPase, Ras-related protein Rab-7A (Rab7), is essential for the FCHSD2 depletion-induced effects. Correspondingly, FCHSD2 loss correlates to higher tumor grades of NSCLC. Clinically, NSCLC patients expressing high FCHSD2 exhibit elevated survival, whereas patients with high Rab7 expression display decreased survival rates. Our study provides new insight into the molecular nexus for crosstalk between oncogenic signaling and RTK trafficking that controls cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yu Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sandra L. Schmid
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Severe magnesium deficiency compromises systemic bone mineral density and aggravates inflammatory bone resorption. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 77:108301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
29
|
Bae SW, Berlth F, Jeong KY, Suh YS, Kong SH, Lee HJ, Kim WH, Chung JK, Yang HK. Establishment of a [ 18F]-FDG-PET/MRI Imaging Protocol for Gastric Cancer PDX as a Preclinical Research Tool. J Gastric Cancer 2020; 20:60-71. [PMID: 32269845 PMCID: PMC7105419 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2020.20.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The utility of 18-fluordesoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]-FDG-PET) combined with computer tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in gastric cancer remains controversial and a rationale for patient selection is desired. This study aims to establish a preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) based [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI protocol for gastric cancer and compare different PDX models regarding tumor growth and FDG uptake. Materials and Methods Female BALB/c nu/nu mice were implanted orthotopically and subcutaneously with gastric cancer PDX. [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI scanning protocol evaluation included different tumor sizes, FDG doses, scanning intervals, and organ-specific uptake. FDG avidity of similar PDX cases were compared between ortho- and heterotopic tumor implantation methods. Microscopic and immunohistochemical investigations were performed to confirm tumor growth and correlate the glycolysis markers glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) with FDG uptake. Results Organ-specific uptake analysis showed specific FDG avidity of the tumor tissue. Standard scanning protocol was determined to include 150 μCi FDG injection dose and scanning after one hour. Comparison of heterotopic and orthotopic implanted mice revealed a long growth interval for orthotopic models with a high uptake in similar PDX tissues. The H-score of GLUT1 and HK2 expression in tumor cells correlated with the measured maximal standardized uptake value values (GLUT1: Pearson r=0.743, P=0.009; HK2: Pearson r=0.605, P=0.049). Conclusions This preclinical gastric cancer PDX based [18F]-FDG-PET/MRI protocol reveals tumor specific FDG uptake and shows correlation to glucose metabolic proteins. Our findings provide a PET/MRI PDX model that can be applicable for translational gastric cancer research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Woo Bae
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Felix Berlth
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kyoung-Yun Jeong
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Suhk Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Kong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Joon Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Ho Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Key Chung
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Kwang Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Qu H, Li L, Wang TL, Seckin T, Segars J, Shih IM. Epithelial Cells in Endometriosis and Adenomyosis Upregulate STING Expression. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1276-1284. [PMID: 32046461 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In response to cytosolic DNA, stimulator of interferon gene (STING) initiates and orchestrates host's innate immunity by inducing type I interferon. Since endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder, we sought to determine whether STING pathway is activated in ectopic endometrium in comparison to eutopic endometrium. Immunohistochemistry was employed in evaluating the expression levels of STING in normal endometrium, endometriosis, and adenomyosis. The density of CD45+ intraepithelial lymphocytes was correlated with STING expression levels. A total of 39 cases of endometriosis and/or adenomyosis with normal endometrium were analyzed. Among them, 32 had adenomyosis, 26 had endometriosis, and 19 have both lesions. STING protein expression is mainly evident in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells but much less in stromal cells. Based on H-score, we found that the STING expression levels were significantly higher in the epithelial cells of adenomyosis and endometriosis than in eutopic endometrium (132.7 ± 12.20, 119.6 ± 12.57 vs. 19.74 ± 5.96, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in STING expression level between endometriosis and adenomyosis. More intraepithelial lymphocytes were detected in endometriosis and adenomyosis lesions than endometrium (5.60 ± 0.70%, 4.95 ± 0.54% vs. 1.25 ± 0.12%, p < 0.0001). A positive correlation between STING expression and intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate was observed (p < 0.0001). In summary, STING was upregulated in the epithelium of ectopic endometrium as compared to eutopic endometrium. Its expression levels correlate with the degree of intraepithelial lymphocyte infiltration, suggesting a role in promoting chronic inflammation of ectopic endometrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Qu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihong Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tian-Li Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tamer Seckin
- Lenox Hill Hospital and Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell , New York, USA
| | - James Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ie-Ming Shih
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Departments of Oncology and Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zoeller JJ, Vagodny A, Taneja K, Tan BY, O'Brien N, Slamon DJ, Sampath D, Leverson JD, Bronson RT, Dillon DA, Brugge JS. Neutralization of BCL-2/X L Enhances the Cytotoxicity of T-DM1 In Vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1115-1126. [PMID: 30962322 PMCID: PMC6758547 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the most recent advances in the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer is the development of the antibody-drug conjugate, T-DM1. T-DM1 has proven clinical benefits for patients with advanced and/or metastatic breast cancer who have progressed on prior HER2-targeted therapies. However, T-DM1 resistance ultimately occurs and represents a major obstacle in the effective treatment of this disease. Because anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family proteins can affect the threshold for induction of apoptosis and thus limit the effectiveness of the chemotherapeutic payload, we examined whether inhibition of BCL-2/XL would enhance the efficacy of T-DM1 in five HER2-expressing patient-derived breast cancer xenograft models. Inhibition of BCL-2/XL via navitoclax/ABT-263 significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of T-DM1 in two of three models derived from advanced and treatment-exposed metastatic breast tumors. No additive effects of combined treatment were observed in the third metastatic tumor model, which was highly sensitive to T-DM1, as well as a primary treatment-exposed tumor, which was refractory to T-DM1. A fifth model, derived from a treatment naïve primary breast tumor, was sensitive to T-DM1 but markedly benefited from combination treatment. Notably, both PDXs that were highly responsive to the combination therapy expressed low HER2 protein levels and lacked ERBB2 amplification, suggesting that BCL-2/XL inhibition can enhance sensitivity of tumors with low HER2 expression. Toxicities associated with combined treatments were significantly ameliorated with intermittent ABT-263 dosing. Taken together, these studies provide evidence that T-DM1 cytotoxicity could be significantly enhanced via BCL-2/XL blockade and support clinical investigation of this combination beyond ERBB2-amplified and/or HER2-overexpressed tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason J Zoeller
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aleksandr Vagodny
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Krishan Taneja
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin Y Tan
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Neil O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Dennis J Slamon
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Deepak Sampath
- Translational Oncology, Genentech, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | - Deborah A Dillon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joan S Brugge
- Department of Cell Biology and Ludwig Center at Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang C, Bai F, Zhang LH, Scott A, Li E, Pei XH. Estrogen promotes estrogen receptor negative BRCA1-deficient tumor initiation and progression. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:74. [PMID: 29996906 PMCID: PMC6042319 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-0996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogen promotes breast cancer development and progression mainly through estrogen receptor (ER). However, blockage of estrogen production or action prevents development of and suppresses progression of ER-negative breast cancers. How estrogen promotes ER-negative breast cancer development and progression is poorly understood. We previously discovered that deletion of cell cycle inhibitors p16Ink4a (p16) or p18Ink4c (p18) is required for development of Brca1-deficient basal-like mammary tumors, and that mice lacking p18 develop luminal-type mammary tumors. METHODS A genetic model system with three mouse strains, one that develops ER-positive mammary tumors (p18 single deletion) and the others that develop ER-negative tumors (p16;Brca1 and p18;Brca1 compound deletion), human BRCA1 mutant breast cancer patient-derived xenografts, and human BRCA1-deficient and BRCA1-proficient breast cancer cells were used to determine the role of estrogen in activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stimulating cell proliferation, and promoting ER-negative mammary tumor initiation and metastasis. RESULTS Estrogen stimulated the proliferation and tumor-initiating potential of both ER-positive Brca1-proficient and ER-negative Brca1-deficient tumor cells. Estrogen activated EMT in a subset of Brca1-deficient mammary tumor cells that maintained epithelial features, and enhanced the number of cancer stem cells, promoting tumor progression and metastasis. Estrogen activated EMT independent of ER in Brca1-deficient, but not Brca1-proficient, tumor cells. Estrogen activated the AKT pathway in BRCA1-deficient tumor cells independent of ER, and pharmaceutical inhibition of AKT activity suppressed EMT and cell proliferation preventing BRCA1 deficient tumor progression. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals for the first time that estrogen promotes BRCA1-deficient tumor initiation and progression by stimulation of cell proliferation and activation of EMT, which are dependent on AKT activation and independent of ER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 People’s Republic of China
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Feng Bai
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Li-han Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Alexandria Scott
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| | - Enxiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Hai Pei
- Molecular Oncology Program, Division of Surgical Oncology, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Th-POK regulates mammary gland lactation through mTOR-SREBP pathway. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007211. [PMID: 29420538 PMCID: PMC5821406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Th-inducing POK (Th-POK, also known as ZBTB7B or cKrox) transcription factor is a key regulator of lineage commitment of immature T cell precursors. It is yet unclear the physiological functions of Th-POK besides helper T cell differentiation. Here we show that Th-POK is restrictedly expressed in the luminal epithelial cells in the mammary glands that is upregulated at late pregnancy and lactation. Lineage restrictedly expressed Th-POK exerts distinct biological functions in the mammary epithelial cells and T cells in a tissue-specific manner. Th-POK is not required for mammary epithelial cell fate determination. Mammary gland morphogenesis in puberty and alveologenesis in pregnancy are phenotypically normal in the Th-POK-deficient mice. However, Th-POK-deficient mice are defective in triggering the onset of lactation upon parturition with large cellular lipid droplets retained within alveolar epithelial cells. As a result, Th-POK knockout mice are unable to efficiently secret milk lipid and to nurse the offspring. Such defect is mainly attributed to the malfunctioned mammary epithelial cells, but not the tissue microenvironment in the Th-POK deficient mice. Th-POK directly regulates expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and insulin-induced Akt-mTOR-SREBP signaling. Th-POK deficiency compromises IRS-1 expression and Akt-mTOR-SREBP signaling in the lactating mammary glands. Conversely, insulin induces Th-POK expression. Thus, Th-POK functions as an important feed-forward regulator of insulin signaling in mammary gland lactation.
Collapse
|
34
|
Bankhead P, Fernández JA, McArt DG, Boyle DP, Li G, Loughrey MB, Irwin GW, Harkin DP, James JA, McQuaid S, Salto-Tellez M, Hamilton PW. Integrated tumor identification and automated scoring minimizes pathologist involvement and provides new insights to key biomarkers in breast cancer. J Transl Med 2018; 98:15-26. [PMID: 29251737 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital image analysis (DIA) is becoming central to the quantitative evaluation of tissue biomarkers for discovery, diagnosis and therapeutic selection for the delivery of precision medicine. In this study, automated DIA using a new purpose-built software platform (QuPath) is applied to a cohort of 293 breast cancer patients to score five biomarkers in tissue microarrays (TMAs): ER, PR, HER2, Ki67 and p53. This software is able to measure IHC expression following fully automated tumor recognition in the same immunohistochemical (IHC)-stained tissue section, as part of a rapid workflow to ensure objectivity and accelerate biomarker analysis. The digital scores produced by QuPath were compared with manual scores by a pathologist and shown to have a good level of concordance in all cases (Cohen's κ>0.6), and almost perfect agreement for the clinically relevant biomarkers ER, PR and HER2 (κ>0.86). To assess prognostic value, cutoff thresholds could be applied to both manual and automated scores using the QuPath software, and survival analysis performed for 5-year overall survival. DIA was shown to be capable of replicating the statistically significant stratification of patients achieved using manual scoring across all biomarkers (P<0.01, log-rank test). Furthermore, the image analysis scores were shown to consistently lead to statistical significance across a wide range of potential cutoff thresholds, indicating the robustness of the method, and identify sub-populations of cases exhibiting different expression patterns within the p53 and Ki67 data sets that warrant further investigation. These findings have demonstrated QuPath's suitability for fast, reproducible, high-throughput TMA analysis across a range of important biomarkers. This was achieved using our tumor recognition algorithms for IHC-stained sections, trained interactively without the need for any additional tumor recognition markers, for example, cytokeratin, to obtain greater insight into the relationship between biomarker expression and clinical outcome applicable to a range of cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bankhead
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - José A Fernández
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Darragh G McArt
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - David P Boyle
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gerald Li
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maurice B Loughrey
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Gareth W Irwin
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D Paul Harkin
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jacqueline A James
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Stephen McQuaid
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Peter W Hamilton
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
QuPath is new bioimage analysis software designed to meet the growing need for a user-friendly, extensible, open-source solution for digital pathology and whole slide image analysis. In addition to offering a comprehensive panel of tumor identification and high-throughput biomarker evaluation tools, QuPath provides researchers with powerful batch-processing and scripting functionality, and an extensible platform with which to develop and share new algorithms to analyze complex tissue images. Furthermore, QuPath's flexible design makes it suitable for a wide range of additional image analysis applications across biomedical research.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bankhead P, Loughrey MB, Fernández JA, Dombrowski Y, McArt DG, Dunne PD, McQuaid S, Gray RT, Murray LJ, Coleman HG, James JA, Salto-Tellez M, Hamilton PW. QuPath: Open source software for digital pathology image analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16878. [PMID: 29203879 PMCID: PMC5715110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3281] [Impact Index Per Article: 468.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
QuPath is new bioimage analysis software designed to meet the growing need for a user-friendly, extensible, open-source solution for digital pathology and whole slide image analysis. In addition to offering a comprehensive panel of tumor identification and high-throughput biomarker evaluation tools, QuPath provides researchers with powerful batch-processing and scripting functionality, and an extensible platform with which to develop and share new algorithms to analyze complex tissue images. Furthermore, QuPath's flexible design makes it suitable for a wide range of additional image analysis applications across biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bankhead
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Maurice B Loughrey
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - José A Fernández
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Yvonne Dombrowski
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Darragh G McArt
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Philip D Dunne
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Stephen McQuaid
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Ronan T Gray
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Liam J Murray
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Helen G Coleman
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jacqueline A James
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Tissue Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Peter W Hamilton
- Northern Ireland Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li G, Bankhead P, Dunne PD, O’Reilly PG, James JA, Salto-Tellez M, Hamilton PW, McArt DG. Embracing an integromic approach to tissue biomarker research in cancer: Perspectives and lessons learned. Brief Bioinform 2017; 18:634-646. [PMID: 27255914 PMCID: PMC5862317 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern approaches to biomedical research and diagnostics targeted towards precision medicine are generating 'big data' across a range of high-throughput experimental and analytical platforms. Integrative analysis of this rich clinical, pathological, molecular and imaging data represents one of the greatest bottlenecks in biomarker discovery research in cancer and other diseases. Following on from the publication of our successful framework for multimodal data amalgamation and integrative analysis, Pathology Integromics in Cancer (PICan), this article will explore the essential elements of assembling an integromics framework from a more detailed perspective. PICan, built around a relational database storing curated multimodal data, is the research tool sitting at the heart of our interdisciplinary efforts to streamline biomarker discovery and validation. While recognizing that every institution has a unique set of priorities and challenges, we will use our experiences with PICan as a case study and starting point, rationalizing the design choices we made within the context of our local infrastructure and specific needs, but also highlighting alternative approaches that may better suit other programmes of research and discovery. Along the way, we stress that integromics is not just a set of tools, but rather a cohesive paradigm for how modern bioinformatics can be enhanced. Successful implementation of an integromics framework is a collaborative team effort that is built with an eye to the future and greatly accelerates the processes of biomarker discovery, validation and translation into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Li
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bankhead
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Philip D Dunne
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G O’Reilly
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline A James
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Salto-Tellez
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Hamilton
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Darragh G McArt
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology (CCRCB), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rühlmann F, Nietert M, Sprenger T, Wolff HA, Homayounfar K, Middel P, Bohnenberger H, Beissbarth T, Ghadimi BM, Liersch T, Conradi LC. The Prognostic Value of Tyrosine Kinase SRC Expression in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:1229-1237. [PMID: 28607598 PMCID: PMC5463438 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular sarcoma gene (SRC) is a proto-oncogene encoding for a tyrosine kinase. SRC expression was determined in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma tissue from pretreatment biopsies and resection specimens. The expression level was correlated with clinicopathological parameters to evaluate the predictive and prognostic capacity. For this monocentric analysis 186 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (median: 63.7 years; 130 men (69.9%), 56 women (30.1%)) were included. Patients with a carcinoma of the upper third of the rectum were treated with primary tumor resection (n=27; 14.5%). All other patients received a preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with 50.4 Gy and concomitant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU+oxaliplatin followed by postoperative chemotherapy with 5-FU or 5-FU+oxaliplatin. SRC expression was determined with immunohistochemical staining from pretreatment biopsies (n=152) and residual tumor tissue from the resection specimens (n=163). The results were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and long-term follow-up. The expression of SRC was determined in pretherapeutic biopsies (mean H-Score: 229) and resection specimens (mean H-Score: 254). High SRC expression in pretherapeutic tumor samples significantly correlated with a negative postoperative nodal status (p=0.005). Furthermore an increased protein expression in residual tumor tissue was associated with fewer distant metastases (p=0.04). The overexpression of SRC in pretreatment tumor biopsies showed also a trend for a longer cancer-specific survival (CSS; p=0.05) and fewer local relapses (p=0.06) during long-term follow-up. High SRC expression in rectal cancer seems to be associated with a better long-term outcome. This finding could help in the future to stratify patients for a recurrence risk adapted postoperative treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Rühlmann
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Nietert
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thilo Sprenger
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hendrik A Wolff
- University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany.,Radiologie München, München, Germany
| | - Kia Homayounfar
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Tim Beissbarth
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - B Michael Ghadimi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Torsten Liersch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Department of General, Visceral, and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Öztürk NC, Resendiz M, Öztürk H, Zhou FC. DNA Methylation program in normal and alcohol-induced thinning cortex. Alcohol 2017; 60:135-147. [PMID: 28433420 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
While cerebral underdevelopment is a hallmark of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), the mechanism(s) guiding the broad cortical neurodevelopmental deficits are not clear. DNA methylation is known to regulate early development and tissue specification through gene regulation. Here, we examined DNA methylation in the onset of alcohol-induced cortical thinning in a mouse model of FASD. C57BL/6 (B6) mice were administered a 4% alcohol (v/v) liquid diet from embryonic (E) days 7-16, and their embryos were harvested at E17, along with isocaloric liquid diet and lab chow controls. Cortical neuroanatomy, neural phenotypes, and epigenetic markers of methylation were assessed using immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and methyl-DNA assays. We report that cortical thickness, neuroepithelial proliferation, and neuronal migration and maturity were found to be deterred by alcohol at E17. Simultaneously, DNA methylation, including 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxcylmethylcytosine (5hmC), which progresses as an intrinsic program guiding normal embryonic cortical development, was severely affected by in utero alcohol exposure. The intricate relationship between cortical thinning and this DNA methylation program disruption is detailed and illustrated. DNA methylation, dynamic across the multiple cortical layers during the late embryonic stage, is highly disrupted by fetal alcohol exposure; this disruption occurs in tandem with characteristic developmental abnormalities, ranging from structural to molecular. Finally, our findings point to a significant question for future exploration: whether epigenetics guides neurodevelopment or whether developmental conditions dictate epigenetic dynamics in the context of alcohol-induced cortical teratogenesis.
Collapse
|
40
|
Knutson TP, Truong TH, Ma S, Brady NJ, Sullivan ME, Raj G, Schwertfeger KL, Lange CA. Posttranslationally modified progesterone receptors direct ligand-specific expression of breast cancer stem cell-associated gene programs. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:89. [PMID: 28412963 PMCID: PMC5392969 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0462-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogen and progesterone are potent breast mitogens. In addition to steroid hormones, multiple signaling pathways input to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) actions via posttranslational events. Protein kinases commonly activated in breast cancers phosphorylate steroid hormone receptors (SRs) and profoundly impact their activities. Methods To better understand the role of modified PRs in breast cancer, we measured total and phospho-Ser294 PRs in 209 human breast tumors represented on 2754 individual tissue spots within a tissue microarray and assayed the regulation of this site in human tumor explants cultured ex vivo. To complement this analysis, we assayed PR target gene regulation in T47D luminal breast cancer models following treatment with progestin (promegestone; R5020) and antiprogestins (mifepristone, onapristone, or aglepristone) in conditions under which the receptor is regulated by Lys388 SUMOylation (K388 intact) or is SUMO-deficient (via K388R mutation to mimic persistent Ser294 phosphorylation). Selected phospho-PR-driven target genes were validated by qRT-PCR and following RUNX2 shRNA knockdown in breast cancer cell lines. Primary and secondary mammosphere assays were performed to implicate phospho-Ser294 PRs, epidermal growth factor signaling, and RUNX2 in breast cancer stem cell biology. Results Phospho-Ser294 PR species were abundant in a majority (54%) of luminal breast tumors, and PR promoter selectivity was exquisitely sensitive to posttranslational modifications. Phospho-PR expression and target gene programs were significantly associated with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). Consistent with our finding that activated phospho-PRs undergo rapid ligand-dependent turnover, unique phospho-PR gene signatures were most prevalent in breast tumors clinically designated as PR-low to PR-null (luminal B) and included gene sets associated with cancer stem cell biology (HER2, PAX2, AHR, AR, RUNX). Validation studies demonstrated a requirement for RUNX2 in the regulation of selected phospho-PR target genes (SLC37A2). In vitro mammosphere formation assays support a role for phospho-Ser294-PRs via growth factor (EGF) signaling as well as RUNX2 as potent drivers of breast cancer stem cell fate. Conclusions We conclude that PR Ser294 phosphorylation is a common event in breast cancer progression that is required to maintain breast cancer stem cell fate, in part via cooperation with growth factor-initiated signaling pathways and key phospho-PR target genes including SLC37A2 and RUNX2. Clinical measurement of phosphorylated PRs should be considered a useful marker of breast tumor stem cell potential. Alternatively, unique phospho-PR target gene sets may provide useful tools with which to identify patients likely to respond to selective PR modulators that block PR Ser294 phosphorylation as part of rational combination (i.e., with antiestrogens) endocrine therapies designed to durably block breast cancer recurrence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0462-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Knutson
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Thu H Truong
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Shihong Ma
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, J8.130C, Dallas, TX, 75390-9110, USA
| | - Nicholas J Brady
- Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Megan E Sullivan
- Department of Pathology, Evanston Hospital, University of Chicago, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA
| | - Ganesh Raj
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, J8.130C, Dallas, TX, 75390-9110, USA
| | - Kathryn L Schwertfeger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Departments of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation) and Pharmacology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Delivery Code 2812, Cancer and Cardiovascular Research Building, 2231 6th St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu D, Kimura F, Zheng L, Ishida M, Niwa Y, Hirata K, Takebayashi A, Takashima A, Takahashi K, Kushima R, Zhang G, Murakami T. Chronic endometritis modifies decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2017; 15:16. [PMID: 28259137 PMCID: PMC5336610 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-017-0233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic endometritis (CE) is a continuous inflammation of uterine endometrium, and it is usually symptomless. As CE has been thought not to affect the reproductive status and general health of affected women, its significance has not been explored. However, recent studies have shown that CE is related with repeated implantation failures after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, unexplained infertility, and recurrent miscarriages. As decidua differentiates to support the implantation process and maintains the pregnancy, we hypothesized that CE may influence the process of decidualization. METHODS Seventeen patients were employed in the experiment involving culture of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). After obtaining endometrial samples, ESCs were harvested and cultured for 13 days. The concentrations in culture media and the protein expressions in ESCs of prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), two well known decidualization markers used in a large number of in vitro models, were analyzed by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively, and the cell numbers were also counted. The mRNA levels of PRL and IGFBP-1 were tested by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Since sex hormone induce proliferation and differentiation to decidua via binding to the sex hormone receptors (ERα, ERβ, PRA, and PRB), their expression was assessed in another 17 patients' paraffin-embedded endometrial tissue specimens by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantified by H-score. RESULTS Increased cell numbers and reduced secretion of PRL and IGFBP-1 were detected by ELISA in the ESCs of CE patients after culture for 13 days compared with non-CE patients. The decreased protein expression of IGFBP-1 in ESCs of CE patients was detected by Western blotting. The decreased expression of PRL mRNA and IGFBP-1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Increased expressions of ERα, ERβ, PRA, and PRB were observed in the stromal cells of CE patients in comparison to non-CE patients, whereas increased expressions of ERα and ERβ were detected in the glandular cells of CE. CONCLUSION Our data suggests that CE modifies decidualization of human ESC through untuning the function of sex steroid hormone receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
- 0000 0001 2204 9268grid.410736.7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Fuminori Kimura
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Luyi Zheng
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishida
- grid.410783.9Department of Clinical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata City, Osaka 573-1010 Japan
| | - Yoko Niwa
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Kimiko Hirata
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Akie Takebayashi
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Akiko Takashima
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Kentaro Takahashi
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Ryoji Kushima
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Guangmei Zhang
- 0000 0001 2204 9268grid.410736.7Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150001 China
| | - Takashi Murakami
- 0000 0000 9747 6806grid.410827.8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wang L, Zhang C, Xu J, Wu H, Peng J, Cai S, He Y. CXCL1 gene silencing inhibits HGC803 cell migration and invasion and acts as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:4673-4679. [PMID: 27748927 PMCID: PMC5102040 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is essential in oncogenesis and development of malignant tumors. The present study aimed to investigate CXCL1 expression in promoting lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer patients. Human gastric cancer cell lines were employed to detect CXCL1 expression. HGC803 cell migration and cell invasion were detected using a wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay, respectively. A total of 100 patients who underwent radical gastric resection with lymph node dissection in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (Guangzhou, China) between 2007 and 2008 were included. Expression of CXCL1 and lymphatic vessel density (LMVD) was determined by using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and their association with clinicopathological features and prognosis was investigated. Cox survival regression analysis was used to analyze overall survival of patients. Results indicated that CXCL1 protein was expressed in all of investigated gastric cancer cell lines. Silencing of the CXCL1 gene reduced migratory and invasive ability of HGC803 cells. CXCL1 protein expression was detected by IHC in 41 patients (41%), these were associated with advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, LMVD, tumor differentiation and poor survival. LMVD was positively correlated with advanced TNM stage, size of tumor, tumor differentiation and poor survival rate. Furthermore, it was observed that TNM stage, tumor differentiation and CXCL1 were independent prognostic factors in the Cox survival regression analysis. Silencing of the CXCL1 gene inhibits HGC803 cell migration and invasion. The positive expression of CXCL1 is correlated with poor survival of gastric cancer patients and CXCL1 is an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Changhua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shirong Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Megas G, Chrisofos M, Anastasiou I, Tsitlidou A, Choreftaki T, Deliveliotis C. Estrogen receptor (α and β) but not androgen receptor expression is correlated with recurrence, progression and survival in post prostatectomy T3N0M0 locally advanced prostate cancer in an urban Greek population. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:98-105. [PMID: 25219910 PMCID: PMC4291886 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.136445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptors (ER(α) and ER(β)) and androgen receptors (ARs) as prognostic factors for biochemical recurrence, disease progression and survival in patients with pT3N0M0 prostate cancer (PCa) in an urban Greek population. A total of 100 consecutive patients with pT3N0M0 PCa treated with radical prostatectomy participated in the study. The mean age and follow-up were 64.2 and 6 years, respectively. The HSCORE was used for semi-quantitative analysis of the immunoreactivity of the receptors. The prognostic value of the ER(α) and ER(β) and AR was assessed in terms of recurrence, progression, and survival. AR expression was not associated with any of the above parameters; however, both ERs correlated with the prognosis. A univariate Cox regression analysis showed that ER(α) positive staining was significantly associated with a greater hazard for all outcomes. Increased ER(β) staining was significantly associated with a lower hazard for all outcomes in the univariate analysis. When both ER HSCORES were used for the analysis, it was found that patients with high ER(α) or low ER(β) HSCORES compared with patients with negatively stained ER(α) and >1.7 hSCORE ER(β) had 6.03, 10.93, and 10.53 times greater hazard for biochemical disease recurrence, progression of disease and death, respectively. Multiple Cox proportional hazard analyses showed that the age, preoperative prostate specific antigen, Gleason score and ERs were independent predictors of all outcomes. ER expression is an important prognosticator after radical prostatectomy in patients with pT3N0M0 PCa. By contrast, AR expression has limited prognostic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Megas
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nottingham prognostic index plus (NPI+) predicts risk of distant metastases in primary breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 157:65-75. [PMID: 27116185 PMCID: PMC4869765 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The Nottingham prognostic index plus (NPI+) is based on the assessment of biological class combined with established clinicopathologic prognostic variables providing improved patient outcome stratification for breast cancer superior to the traditional NPI. This study aimed to determine prognostic capability of the NPI+ in predicting risk of development of distant disease. A well-characterised series of 1073 primary early-stage BC cases treated in Nottingham and 251 cases from Budapest were immunohistochemically assessed for cytokeratin (Ck)5/6, Ck18, EGFR, oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, HER2, HER3, HER4, Mucin 1 and p53 expression. NPI+ biological class and prognostic scores were assigned using individual algorithms for each biological class incorporating clinicopathologic parameters and investigated in terms of prediction of distant metastases-free survival (MFS). The NPI+ identified distinct prognostic groups (PG) within each molecular class which were predictive of MFS providing improved patient outcome stratification superior to the traditional NPI. NPI+ PGs, between series, were comparable in predicting patient outcome between series in luminal A, basal p53 altered and HER2+/ER+ (p > 0.01) tumours. The low-risk groups were similarly validated in luminal B, luminal N, basal p53 normal tumours (p > 0.01). Due to small patient numbers the remaining PGs could not be validated. NPI+ was additionally able to predict a higher risk of metastases at certain distant sites. This study may indicate the NPI+ as a useful tool in predicting the risk of metastases. The NPI+ provides accurate risk stratification allowing improved individualised clinical decision making for breast cancer.
Collapse
|
45
|
Green AR, Soria D, Stephen J, Powe DG, Nolan CC, Kunkler I, Thomas J, Kerr GR, Jack W, Cameron D, Piper T, Ball GR, Garibaldi JM, Rakha EA, Bartlett JM, Ellis IO. Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus: Validation of a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer in an independent series. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2016; 2:32-40. [PMID: 27499914 PMCID: PMC4858129 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Nottingham Prognostic Index Plus (NPI+) is a clinical decision making tool in breast cancer (BC) that aims to provide improved patient outcome stratification superior to the traditional NPI. This study aimed to validate the NPI+ in an independent series of BC. Eight hundred and eighty five primary early stage BC cases from Edinburgh were semi‐quantitatively assessed for 10 biomarkers [Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PgR), cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, CK7/8, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, HER4, p53, and Mucin 1] using immunohistochemistry and classified into biological classes by fuzzy logic‐derived algorithms previously developed in the Nottingham series. Subsequently, NPI+ Prognostic Groups (PGs) were assigned for each class using bespoke NPI‐like formulae, previously developed in each NPI+ biological class of the Nottingham series, utilising clinicopathological parameters: number of positive nodes, pathological tumour size, stage, tubule formation, nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic counts. Biological classes and PGs were compared between the Edinburgh and Nottingham series using Cramer's V and their role in patient outcome prediction using Kaplan–Meier curves and tested using Log Rank. The NPI+ biomarker panel classified the Edinburgh series into seven biological classes similar to the Nottingham series (p > 0.01). The biological classes were significantly associated with patient outcome (p < 0.001). PGs were comparable in predicting patient outcome between series in Luminal A, Basal p53 altered, HER2+/ER+ tumours (p > 0.01). The good PGs were similarly validated in Luminal B, Basal p53 normal, HER2+/ER− tumours and the poor PG in the Luminal N class (p > 0.01). Due to small patient numbers assigned to the remaining PGs, Luminal N, Luminal B, Basal p53 normal and HER2+/ER− classes could not be validated. This study demonstrates the reproducibility of NPI+ and confirmed its prognostic value in an independent cohort of primary BC. Further validation in large randomised controlled trial material is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells Breast Cancer Pathology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital Hucknall Road Nottingham NG5 1PB
| | - Daniele Soria
- Intelligent Modelling & Analysis Research GroupSchool of Computer ScienceUniversity of Nottingham, Jubilee CampusWollaton RoadNottinghamNG8 1BB; Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottinghamNG7 2RD
| | - Jacqueline Stephen
- School of Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Sciences Centre for Population Health Sciences, Medical School, University of Edinburgh Teviot Place Edinburgh EH8 9AG
| | - Desmond G Powe
- Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Hucknall Road Nottingham NG5 1PB
| | - Christopher C Nolan
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells Breast Cancer Pathology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City Hospital Hucknall Road Nottingham NG5 1PB
| | - Ian Kunkler
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XR
| | - Jeremy Thomas
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XU
| | - Gillian R Kerr
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XR
| | - Wilma Jack
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XU
| | - David Cameron
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XR
| | - Tammy Piper
- Edinburgh Breast Unit, Western General Hospital Crewe Road South Edinburgh EH4 2XU
| | - Graham R Ball
- John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University Nottingham NG11 8NS
| | - Jonathan M Garibaldi
- Intelligent Modelling & Analysis Research GroupSchool of Computer ScienceUniversity of Nottingham, Jubilee CampusWollaton RoadNottinghamNG8 1BB; Advanced Data Analysis Centre, University of Nottingham, University ParkNottinghamNG7 2RD
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsBreast Cancer Pathology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City HospitalHucknall RoadNottinghamNG5 1PB; Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustHucknall RoadNottinghamNG5 1PB
| | - John Ms Bartlett
- The Institute of Genetics and Molecular MedicineEdinburgh Cancer Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Western General HospitalCrewe Road SouthEdinburghEH4 2XR; Transformative PathologyOntario Institute for Cancer Research, MaRS Centre661 University Avenue, Suite 510TorontoCanadaM5G 0A3
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem CellsBreast Cancer Pathology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham City HospitalHucknall RoadNottinghamNG5 1PB; Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustHucknall RoadNottinghamNG5 1PB
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
A preliminary investigation of the role of the transcription co-activators YAP/TAZ of the Hippo signalling pathway in canine and feline mammary tumours. Vet J 2016; 207:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Dhanda J, Uppal N, Chowlia H, Opie N, Al-Qamachi L, Shelat D, Aslam A, Yuffa A, Martin T, Risk J, Triantafyllou A, Shaw R, Parmar S, Mehanna H. Features and prognostic utility of biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E1857-62. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jagtar Dhanda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Nugdeep Uppal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Harpreet Chowlia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Neil Opie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Laith Al-Qamachi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Devesh Shelat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Adil Aslam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Arie Yuffa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Timothy Martin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Janet Risk
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool United Kingdom
| | - Asterios Triantafyllou
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool United Kingdom
- Regional Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Liverpool United Kingdom
| | - Richard Shaw
- Department of Molecular & Clinical Cancer Medicine; University of Liverpool; Liverpool United Kingdom
- Regional Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Liverpool United Kingdom
| | - Satyesh Parmar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; University Hospital Birmingham; Edgbaston Birmingham United Kingdom
| | - Hisham Mehanna
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education, Vincent Drive, University of Birmingham; Birmingham United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xiang Z, Jiang DAP, Xia GG, Wei ZW, Chen W, He Y, Zhang CH. CXCL1 expression is correlated with Snail expression and affects the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2458-2464. [PMID: 26622871 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) continues to result in a poor survival rate and prognostic biomarkers for the disease are lacking. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL1) expression plays a critical role in tumor metastasis, and Snail promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to promote metastasis. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the correlation between CXCL1 and Snail expression and the effect of CXCL1 expression on the survival of patients with GC. CXCL1 and Snail expression in paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 127 patients with GC were each assessed by immunohistochemistry. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of CXCL1 and Snail. Evaluation of the association between CXCL1 and Snail expression and clinical characteristics was based on the χ2 test. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and Fisher's exact test were used to explore the association between CXCL1 and Snail expression in GC tissues. CXCL1 was found to be significantly associated with tumor invasion (P=0.003), tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging (P=0.001), tumor size (P=0.013) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.022) in GC. Snail overexpression was also significantly associated with tumor invasion (P=0.001), TNM staging (P=0.005), tumor size (P=0.026), lymph node metastases (P=0.014) and perineural invasion (P=0.009). CXCL1 and Snail expression were independent factors for a worse overall survival rate, as determined by multivariate analysis (P=0.011 and P=0.018; respectively). The combined expression of CXCL1 and Snail resulted in a worse prognosis compared with the other three groups (P=0.005). Furthermore, there was a significantly positive correlation between CXCL1 and Snail expression in GC (r=0.431; P<0.001). The expression of CXCL1 is significantly associated with Snail expression and may be used as a predictive co-biomarker for patient prognosis and tumor aggressiveness in GC. CXCL1 may promote GC metastasis by regulating EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - DA-Ping Jiang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Gai Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhe-Wei Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Hua Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinopancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mirabello L, Koster R, Moriarity BS, Spector LG, Meltzer PS, Gary J, Machiela MJ, Pankratz N, Panagiotou OA, Largaespada D, Wang Z, Gastier-Foster JM, Gorlick R, Khanna C, de Toledo SRC, Petrilli AS, Patiño-Garcia A, Sierrasesúmaga L, Lecanda F, Andrulis IL, Wunder JS, Gokgoz N, Serra M, Hattinger C, Picci P, Scotlandi K, Flanagan AM, Tirabosco R, Amary MF, Halai D, Ballinger ML, Thomas DM, Davis S, Barkauskas DA, Marina N, Helman L, Otto GM, Becklin KL, Wolf NK, Weg MT, Tucker M, Wacholder S, Fraumeni JF, Caporaso NE, Boland JF, Hicks BD, Vogt A, Burdett L, Yeager M, Hoover RN, Chanock SJ, Savage SA. A Genome-Wide Scan Identifies Variants in NFIB Associated with Metastasis in Patients with Osteosarcoma. Cancer Discov 2015; 5:920-31. [PMID: 26084801 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-15-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with osteosarcoma, the most common pediatric bone malignancy. We conducted a multistage genome-wide association study of osteosarcoma metastasis at diagnosis in 935 osteosarcoma patients to determine whether germline genetic variation contributes to risk of metastasis. We identified an SNP, rs7034162, in NFIB significantly associated with metastasis in European osteosarcoma cases, as well as in cases of African and Brazilian ancestry (meta-analysis of all cases: P = 1.2 × 10(-9); OR, 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.83-3.24). The risk allele was significantly associated with lowered NFIB expression, which led to increased osteosarcoma cell migration, proliferation, and colony formation. In addition, a transposon screen in mice identified a significant proportion of osteosarcomas harboring inactivating insertions in Nfib and with lowered NFIB expression. These data suggest that germline genetic variation at rs7034162 is important in osteosarcoma metastasis and that NFIB is an osteosarcoma metastasis susceptibility gene. SIGNIFICANCE Metastasis at diagnosis in osteosarcoma is the leading cause of death in these patients. Here we show data that are supportive for the NFIB locus as associated with metastatic potential in osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mirabello
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Roelof Koster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Branden S Moriarity
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Logan G Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Paul S Meltzer
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joy Gary
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland; College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Mitchell J Machiela
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nathan Pankratz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Orestis A Panagiotou
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David Largaespada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Julie M Gastier-Foster
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, and The Ohio State University Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York
| | - Chand Khanna
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Ana Patiño-Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Sierrasesúmaga
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Lecanda
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene L Andrulis
- University of Toronto, Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay S Wunder
- University of Toronto, Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nalan Gokgoz
- University of Toronto, Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Massimo Serra
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Hattinger
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Piero Picci
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom. Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital National Health Service Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital National Health Service Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fernanda Amary
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital National Health Service Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Dina Halai
- Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital National Health Service Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | | | - David M Thomas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sean Davis
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Donald A Barkauskas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Neyssa Marina
- Stanford University and Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Palo Alto, California
| | - Lee Helman
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George M Otto
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Kelsie L Becklin
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Natalie K Wolf
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Madison T Weg
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Margaret Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph F Fraumeni
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joseph F Boland
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Belynda D Hicks
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Aurelie Vogt
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Laurie Burdett
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Robert N Hoover
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sharon A Savage
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Linscheid C, Heitmann E, Singh P, Wickstrom E, Qiu L, Hodes H, Nauser T, Petroff MG. Trophoblast expression of the minor histocompatibility antigen HA-1 is regulated by oxygen and is increased in placentas from preeclamptic women. Placenta 2015; 36:832-8. [PMID: 26095815 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal T-cells reactive towards paternally inherited fetal minor histocompatibility antigens are expanded during pregnancy. Placental trophoblast cells express at least four fetal antigens, including human minor histocompatibility antigen 1 (HA-1). We investigated oxygen as a potential regulator of HA-1 and whether HA-1 expression is altered in preeclamptic placentas. METHODS Expression and regulation of HA-1 mRNA and protein were examined by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, using first, second, and third trimester placentas, first trimester placental explant cultures, and term purified cytotrophoblast cells. Low oxygen conditions were achieved by varying ambient oxygen, and were mimicked using cobalt chloride. HA-1 mRNA and protein expression levels were evaluated in preeclamptic and control placentas. RESULTS HA-1 protein expression was higher in the syncytiotrophoblast of first trimester as compared to second trimester and term placentas (P<0.01). HA-1 mRNA was increased in cobalt chloride-treated placental explants and purified cytotrophoblast cells (P = 0.04 and P<0.01, respectively) and in purified cytotrophoblast cells cultured under 2% as compared to 8% and 21% oxygen (P<0.01). HA-1 mRNA expression in preeclamptic vs. control placentas was increased 3.3-fold (P = 0.015). HA-1 protein expression was increased in syncytial nuclear aggregates and the syncytiotrophoblast of preeclamptic vs. control placentas (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). DISCUSSION Placental HA-1 expression is regulated by oxygen and is increased in the syncytial nuclear aggregates and syncytiotrophoblast of preeclamptic as compared to control placentas. Increased HA-1 expression, combined with increased preeclamptic syncytiotrophoblast deportation, provides a novel potential mechanism for exposure of the maternal immune system to increased fetal antigenic load during preeclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Linscheid
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - E Heitmann
- Saint Luke's Health System, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - P Singh
- Saint Luke's Health System, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - E Wickstrom
- Saint Luke's Health System, Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - L Qiu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - H Hodes
- The Center for Women's Health, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | - T Nauser
- The Center for Women's Health, Overland Park, KS, USA
| | - M G Petroff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| |
Collapse
|