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Gruber T, Lechner F, Murat C, Contreras RE, Sanchez-Quant E, Miok V, Makris K, Le Thuc O, González-García I, García-Clave E, Althammer F, Krabichler Q, DeCamp LM, Jones RG, Lutter D, Williams RH, Pfluger PT, Müller TD, Woods SC, Pospisilik JA, Martinez-Jimenez CP, Tschöp MH, Grinevich V, García-Cáceres C. High-calorie diets uncouple hypothalamic oxytocin neurons from a gut-to-brain satiation pathway via κ-opioid signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113305. [PMID: 37864798 PMCID: PMC10636643 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin-expressing paraventricular hypothalamic neurons (PVNOT neurons) integrate afferent signals from the gut, including cholecystokinin (CCK), to adjust whole-body energy homeostasis. However, the molecular underpinnings by which PVNOT neurons orchestrate gut-to-brain feeding control remain unclear. Here, we show that mice undergoing selective ablation of PVNOT neurons fail to reduce food intake in response to CCK and develop hyperphagic obesity on a chow diet. Notably, exposing wild-type mice to a high-fat/high-sugar (HFHS) diet recapitulates this insensitivity toward CCK, which is linked to diet-induced transcriptional and electrophysiological aberrations specifically in PVNOT neurons. Restoring OT pathways in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice via chemogenetics or polypharmacology sufficiently re-establishes CCK's anorexigenic effects. Last, by single-cell profiling, we identify a specialized PVNOT neuronal subpopulation with increased κ-opioid signaling under an HFHS diet, which restrains their CCK-evoked activation. In sum, we document a (patho)mechanism by which PVNOT signaling uncouples a gut-brain satiation pathway under obesogenic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Gruber
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA.
| | - Franziska Lechner
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cahuê Murat
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Raian E Contreras
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva Sanchez-Quant
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Viktorian Miok
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Makris
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ophélia Le Thuc
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ismael González-García
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elena García-Clave
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Quirin Krabichler
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lisa M DeCamp
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Russell G Jones
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Dominik Lutter
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Computational Discovery Research, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity (IDO), Helmholtz Diabetes Center (HDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Rhiannan H Williams
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute for Neurogenomics, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Paul T Pfluger
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit NeuroBiology of Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Neurobiology of Diabetes, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Eberhard Karls Hospitals and Clinics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephen C Woods
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - John Andrew Pospisilik
- Department of Metabolism and Nutritional Programming, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA
| | - Celia P Martinez-Jimenez
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49506, USA; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Cristina García-Cáceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80336 Munich, Germany.
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Geffner M, Lundberg M, Koltowska-Häggström M, Abs R, Verhelst J, Erfurth EM, Kendall-Taylor P, Price DA, Jonsson P, Bakker B. Changes in height, weight, and body mass index in children with craniopharyngioma after three years of growth hormone therapy: analysis of KIGS (Pfizer International Growth Database). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004; 89:5435-40. [PMID: 15531494 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2004-0667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Extreme degrees of obesity may occur in association with hypothalamic tumors, usually after surgical intervention. This phenomenon has been reported to occur in as many as 25-75% of children undergoing extensive surgical extirpation of craniopharyngiomas (Cranio). Because less is known about the auxology of children with Cranio with milder alterations in growth, we undertook a 3-yr longitudinal analysis, using the KIGS database (Pfizer International Growth Database), to study their growth patterns and evolution of weight. We compared the effect of GH therapy on height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) in 199 prepubertal children with diagnosed Cranio treated by surgery and/or radiotherapy to two other groups of children with other causes of organic GH deficiency (OGHD): one with postsurgical and/or postirradiated OGHD (OGHD + S/I; n = 92) and the other with OGHD not due to Cranio and not having undergone either surgery or irradiation (OGHD - S/I; n = 85). At the start of GH therapy, 1) mean chronological (P < 0.0001) and bone (P = 0.0002) ages were youngest in OGHD - S/I and oldest in OGHD + S/I; 2) the mean height sd score (SDS) was lowest in OGHD - S/I and comparably higher in the other two groups (P < 0.0001); 3) mean weight and BMI SDS were greatest in Cranio and least in OGHD - S/I (both P < 0.0001); and 4) the mean initial GH dose prescribed was highest in OGHD - S/I and comparable in the other two groups (P < 0.0001). After 3 yr of GH therapy, 1) mean bone age remained youngest in OGHD - S/I and oldest in OGHD + S/I (P < 0.0001); 2) mean height SDS was highest in Cranio and comparably lower in the other two groups (P = 0.0159); 3) mean weight and BMI SDS remained greatest in Cranio and least in OGHD - S/I (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0003, respectively); and 4) the mean GH dose remained highest in the OGHD - S/I group and least in the Cranio group (P = 0.0082). There were statistically significant increases within each group between the start of treatment and after 3 yr of GH therapy in height and weight, but not in BMI SDS. Lastly, after 3 yr of GH treatment, children in the Cranio group continued to have disproportionately heavier weight and higher BMI (with the greatest values in those with lower stimulated peak GH concentrations) compared with members of the other two groups, with no salutary effect of GH treatment on weight SDS and a mild improvement in BMI SDS. After S/I treatment, children with Cranio are disproportionately prone to varying degrees of weight gain compared with children with other forms of OGHD. In the present cohort of prepubertal children with Cranio, GH therapy induced excellent linear growth, but failed to have an ameliorative effect on weight gain and had only a slight beneficial effect on BMI gain. Because affected children may have resultant significant long-term medical morbidity and diminished quality of life, it is critical that the mechanism of this phenomenon be determined to devise helpful preventive or therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Geffner
- The Saban Research Institute of Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90027, USA
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Miñano FJ, Peinado JM, Myers RD. Profile of NE, DA and 5-HT activity shifts in medial hypothalamus perfused by 2-DG and insulin in the sated or fasted rat. Brain Res Bull 1989; 22:695-704. [PMID: 2660952 DOI: 10.1016/0361-9230(89)90089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out in the unrestrained rat to determine the nature of the in vivo profile of monoamine neurotransmitters within the medial hypothalamus in response to the presence of a glucoprivic or metabolic challenge to neurons within this region. In these experiments, insulin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) was applied locally to the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). In each of 11 Sprague-Dawley rats, a guide cannula was implanted stereotaxically to rest just above these structures. Upon recovery, a concentric push-pull cannula system was used to perfuse an artificial CSF within a medial hypothalamic site. The CSF was perfused at a rate of 20 microliters/min with a 5.0 min interval intervening between the collection of each 100 microliters sample. After the rat was fasted for 20-22 hr, either 10 micrograms/microliters 2-DG or 4.0 mU/microliters of insulin was incorporated into the control CSF medium and perfused at the same locus. The aliquots of hypothalamic perfusate were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) for the respective concentration in pg/microliter of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and each of their major metabolic products. When the rat was sated, 2-DG enhanced significantly the mean efflux of NE from the medial hypothalamus in comparison to control CSF values. However, under the fasted condition, 2-DG augmented the turnover of both the catecholamine and 5-HT as reflected by elevated levels of MHPG and 5-HIAA, respectively. On the other hand, insulin perfused within the same medial hypothalamic sites evoked a significant increase in the synthesis and release of DA from the sated rat, but did not alter its turnover. Following the interval of fast, insulin produced no immediate alteration in transmitter activity; however, in the interval following insulin's perfusion, DA and 5-HT turnover were enhanced while the efflux of 5-HT was suppressed. An analysis of the proportional values of the levels of the amines to each other revealed marked shifts in the relationships between the catechol- and indoleamine transmitters following local perfusion with both 2-DG and insulin. Overall, NE synthesis and turnover exceeded that of 5-HT following 2-DG, whereas DA predominated over NE and 5-HT during insulin's perfusion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Miñano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858
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