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Zhang W, Yang X, Zhang J, Lan Y, Dang B. Study on the Changes in Volatile Flavor Compounds in Whole Highland Barley Flour during Accelerated Storage after Different Processing Methods. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112137. [PMID: 37297381 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of heat processing on the flavor characteristics of highland barley flour (HBF) in storage was revealed by analyzing differences in volatile compounds associated with flavor deterioration in HBF using GC-MS identification and relative odor activity values (ROAVs). Hydrocarbons were the most abundant in untreated and extrusion puffed HBFs, while heterocycles were found to be the most abundant in explosion puffed, baked, and fried HBFs. The major contributors to the deterioration of flavor in different HBFs were hexanal, hexanoic acid, 2-pentylfuran, 1-pentanol, pentanal, 1-octen-3-ol, octanal, 2-butyl-2-octanal, and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal. Amino acid and fatty acid metabolism was ascribed to the main formation pathways of these compounds. Baking slowed down the flavor deterioration in HBF, while extrusion puffing accelerated the flavor deterioration in HBF. The screened key compounds could predict the quality of HBF. This study provides a theoretical basis for the regulation of the flavor quality of barley and its products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xijuan Yang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yongli Lan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bin Dang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province Tibetan Plateau Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
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Volatile Organic Compound Profiles Associated with Microbial Development in Feedlot Pellets Inoculated with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens H57 Probiotic. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113227. [PMID: 34827959 PMCID: PMC8614277 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Our study aimed to confirm that the probiotic, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57), manufactured into grain-rich stockfeed pellets, would help maintain the various types of odours of the pellets during an extended storage. Pellets treated with (H57) or without (control, C) were stored either at room temperature or at 5 °C over 3 months. The odours were identified in the pellets, stored at 0, 1, 2 and 3 months, by a gas analysis technique. The change of odour types was greatest in the C pellets stored for 3 months at room temperature (CA3) than all other pellet treatments. The odour types of the H57 pellets aged 2 or 3 months at room temperature were similar to that of C pellets aged 1 or 2 months. Nine odour types of microbial origin were related to the change observed in CA3. These odour types have been previously identified in grains spoiled by mould and thus deserve further evaluation as indicators of the types of mould against which H57 protects as a feed inoculum. These results suggest that H57 can help to maintain the odour of stockfeed pellets, by reducing the rate of microbial spoilage during storage. Abstract Mould and bacterial contamination releases microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs), causing changes in the odour profile of a feed. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 (H57) has the potential ability to inhibit microbial growth in animal feeds. This study tested the hypothesis that H57 influences the odour profile of stored feedlot pellets by impeding the production of mVOCs. The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of un-inoculated pellets and those inoculated with H57, stored either at ambient temperature (mean 22 °C) or at 5 °C, was monitored at 0, 1, 2, and 3 months by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Forty VOCs were identified in all the pellet samples analysed, 24 of which were potentially of microbial and 16 of non-microbial origin. A score plot of the principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the VOC profiles of the pellets stored at ambient temperature changed more rapidly over the 3 months than those stored at 5 °C, and that change was greater in the un-inoculated pellets when compared to the inoculated ones. The bi-plot and correlation loading plots of the PCA indicated that the separation of the un-inoculated pellets from the other treatments over the 3 months was primarily due to nine mVOCs. These mVOCs have been previously identified in grains spoiled by fungi, and could be considered potential markers of the types of fungi that H57 can protect pellets against. These data indicate the ability of H57 to maintain the odour profile and freshness of concentrated feed pellets. This protective influence can be detected as early as 3 months into ambient temperature storage.
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Chen Y, Zhou Z, Xu K, Zhang H, Thornton M, Sun L, Wang Z, Xu X, Dong L. Comprehensive evaluation of malt volatile compounds contaminated byFusarium graminearumduring malting. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Kai Xu
- COFCO Malt (Dalian) Co. Ltd; Dalian Liaoning 116000 China
| | - Han Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Megan Thornton
- Centre for Advanced Sensory Science, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences; Deakin University; Burwood VIC Australia
| | - Liming Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Xianbing Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
| | - Liang Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology; Dalian Polytechnic University; Dalian Liaoning 116034 China
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehyun Ji
- U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A
| | - Moonseok Kang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A
- Present address: Rural Development Administration–National Institute of Crop Science, Jeon-Ju, South Korea
| | - Byung-Kee Baik
- U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Soft Wheat Quality Laboratory, 1680 Madison Avenue, Wooster, OH 44691, U.S.A
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Dong L, Liu R, Dong H, Piao Y, Hu X, Li C, Cong L, Zhao C. Volatile metabolite profiling of malt contaminated by Fusarium poae during malting. J Cereal Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Laddomada B, Del Coco L, Durante M, Presicce DS, Siciliano PA, Fanizzi FP, Logrieco AF. Volatile Metabolite Profiling of Durum Wheat Kernels Contaminated by Fusarium poae. Metabolites 2014; 4:932-45. [PMID: 25329776 PMCID: PMC4279153 DOI: 10.3390/metabo4040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile metabolites from mold contamination have been proposed for the early identification of toxigenic fungi to prevent toxicological risks, but there are no such data available for Fusarium poae. F. poae is one of the species complexes involved in Fusarium head blight, a cereal disease that results in significant yield losses and quality reductions. The identification of volatile organic compounds associated with F. poae metabolism could provide good markers to indicate early fungal contamination. To this aim, we evaluated the volatile profile of healthy and F. poae-infected durum wheat kernels by SPME-GC/MS analysis. The production of volatile metabolites was monitored for seven days, and the time course analysis of key volatiles was determined. A total of 29 volatile markers were selected among the detected compounds, and multivariate analysis was applied to establish the relationship between potential volatile markers and fungal contamination. A range of volatile compounds, including alcohols, ketones, esters, furans and aromatics, were identified, both in contaminated and in healthy kernels. However, the overall volatile profile of infected samples and controls differed, indicating that the whole volatile profile, rather than individual volatile compounds, could be used to identify F. poae contamination of durum wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Laddomada
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Laura Del Coco
- Di.S.Te.B.A., University of Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Miriana Durante
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Dominique S Presicce
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Pietro A Siciliano
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Francesco P Fanizzi
- Di.S.Te.B.A., University of Salento, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Antonio F Logrieco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Abstract
Microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) are a variety of compounds formed in the metabolism of fungi and bacteria. Of more than 200 compounds identified as MVOCs in laboratory experiments, none can be regarded as exclusively of microbial origin or as specific for certain microbial species. Thus, the recognition of microbially contaminated areas by MVOC measurements is not successful with current methods. In this review, the basic physical and chemical properties of 96 typical MVOCs have been summarised. Of these, toxicological and exposure data were gathered for the 15 MVOCs most often analysed and reported in buildings with moisture and microbial damage. The most obvious health effect of MVOC exposure is eye and upper-airway irritation. However, in human experimental exposure studies, symptoms of irritation have appeared at MVOC concentrations several orders of magnitude higher than those measured indoors (single MVOC levels in indoor environments have ranged from a few ng/m(3) up to 1 mg/m(3)). This is also supported by dose-dependent sensory-irritation response, as determined by the American Society for Testing and Materials mouse bioassay. On the other hand, the toxicological database is poor even for the 15 examined MVOCs. There may be more potent compounds and other endpoints not yet evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Korpi
- University of Kuopio, Department of Environmental Science, Kuopio, Finland.
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Wihlborg R, Pippitt D, Marsili R. Headspace sorptive extraction and GC-TOFMS for the identification of volatile fungal metabolites. J Microbiol Methods 2008; 75:244-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2008] [Revised: 06/01/2008] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Synthesis and characterization of some new tetraaldehyde and tetraketone derivatives and X-ray structure of 1,1'-(4,4'-(2-(1,3-bis(4-acetylphenoxy)propan-2-ylidene)propane-1,3-di-yl)bis(oxy)bis(4,1-phenylene))diethanone. Int J Mol Sci 2008; 9:1000-1007. [PMID: 19325842 PMCID: PMC2658780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms9061000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraketone and tetraaldehyde derivatives 2a–d were synthesized via the reaction of ethene-1,1,2,2,-tetra-yl-tetramethylene tetrabromide (1) with hydroxyketone and aldehyde derivatives. The molecular structures were identifed by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and MS analysis. The crystal structure of the title compound 2a, C38H36O8, is reported. Its crystal data are: monoclinic, space group P 2(1)/n with cell dimensions of a=9.0395(12) Å, b=12.6114(17) Å, c=13.8166(18) Å, β=95.875(3), V=1566.8(4) Å3, F.W.=620.67, ρcalc=1.316 gcm3 for Z=2, μ=0.092 mm−1
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Linton C, Wright S. Volatile organic compounds: microbiological aspects and some technological implications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1993.tb03400.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jetley UK, Singh BK, Garg BS, Mishra P. Synthesis, characterization and XRPD studies of the bioactive complex of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl acetophenoneoxime (HDMAOX) with oxovanadium(IV). J COORD CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970701260305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umesh K. Jetley
- a Department of Chemistry , R. S. S. (P.G). College , Ghaziabad (NCR, Delhi), India
| | - Bibhesh K. Singh
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007, India
| | - Bhagwan S. Garg
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007, India
| | - Parashuram Mishra
- b Department of Chemistry , University of Delhi , Delhi 110007, India
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Singh BK, Jetley UK, Sharma RK, Garg BS. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of complexes of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylacetophenoneoxime (HDMAOX) with copper(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II). SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2007; 68:63-73. [PMID: 17258502 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2006.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A new series of complexes of 2-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl acetophenone oxime (HDMAOX) with Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Pd(II) have been prepared and characterized by different physical techniques. Infrared spectra of the complexes indicate deprotonation and coordination of the phenolic OH. It also confirms that nitrogen atom of the oximino group contributes to the complexation. Electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal square planar geometry for Cu(II), Ni(II) and Pd(II) complexes and tetrahedral geometry for Co(II) complex. The elemental analyses and mass spectral data have justified the ML(2) composition of complexes. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters were computed from the thermal decomposition data using Coats and Redfern method. The geometry of the metal complexes has been optimized with the help of molecular modeling. The free ligand (HDMAOX) and its metal complexes have been tested in vitro against Alternarie alternate, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus niger fungi and Streptococcus, Staph, Staphylococcus and Escherchia coli bacteria in order to assess their antimicrobial potential. The results indicate that the ligand and its metal complexes possess antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibhesh K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
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Steiner S, Erdmann D, Steidle JLM, Ruther J. Host habitat assessment by a parasitoid using fungal volatiles. Front Zool 2007; 4:3. [PMID: 17284315 PMCID: PMC1797040 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-4-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The preference-performance hypothesis predicts that oviposition preference of insects should correlate with host suitability for offspring development. Therefore, insect females have to be able to assess not only the quality of a given host but also the environmental conditions of the respective host habitat. Chemical cues are a major source of information used by insects for this purpose. Primary infestation of stored grain by stored product pests often favors the intense growth of mold. This can lead to distinct sites of extreme environmental conditions (hot-spots) with increased insect mortality. We studied the influence of mold on chemical orientation, host recognition, and fitness of Lariophagus distinguendus, a parasitoid of beetle larvae developing in stored grain. RESULTS Volatiles of wheat infested by Aspergillus sydowii and A. versicolor repelled female parasitoids in an olfactometer. Foraging L. distinguendus females are known to be strongly attracted to the odor of larval host feces from the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius, which may adhere in remarkable amounts to the surface of the grains. Feces from moldy weevil cultures elicited neutral responses but parasitoids clearly avoided moldy feces when non-moldy feces were offered simultaneously. The common fungal volatile 1-octen-3-ol was the major component of the odor of larval feces from moldy weevil cultures and repelled female parasitoids at naturally occurring doses. In bioassays investigating host recognition behavior of L. distinguendus, females spent less time on grains containing hosts from moldy weevil cultures and showed less drumming and drilling behavior than on non-moldy controls. L. distinguendus had a clearly reduced fitness on hosts from moldy weevil cultures. CONCLUSION We conclude that L. distinguendus females use 1-octen-3-ol for host habitat assessment to avoid negative fitness consequences due to secondary mold infestation of host patches. The female response to fungal volatiles is innate, suggesting that host-associated fungi played a crucial role in the evolution of host finding strategies of L. distinguendus. Research on the role of host-associated microorganisms in the chemically mediated orientation of parasitoids is still at the beginning. We expect an increasing recognition of this issue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Steiner
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Erdmann
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Joachim Ruther
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Haderslebener Str. 9, 12163 Berlin, Germany
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Rajabi L, Courreges C, Montoya J, Aguilera RJ, Primm TP. Acetophenones with selective antimycobacterial activity. Lett Appl Microbiol 2005; 40:212-7. [PMID: 15715647 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2005.01657.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mycobacteria are a serious cause of infections in humans, with limited treatment options, as no new antibiotics have been developed against mycobacteria since the 1960s. In this study, the antimycobacterial activity of a small library of acetophenone (AP) compounds was analysed. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-three AP derivatives were examined for activity against mycobacteria using a microbroth assay. The compounds were bacteriostatic, with the most effective (cyclohexylacetophenone and piperidinoacetophenone) having minimal inhibitory concentrations of 246 microM. Active compounds tended to be more hydrophobic, and may work by alkylation of as yet undetermined intracellular target protein(s). Cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells was also determined and appears to be unrelated to the bacteriostatic activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY AP may serve as a novel group of useful therapeutics against the mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rajabi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Magan N, Evans P. Volatiles as an indicator of fungal activity and differentiation between species, and the potential use of electronic nose technology for early detection of grain spoilage. JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2000; 36:319-340. [PMID: 10880811 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-474x(99)00057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There is significant interest in methods for the early detection of quality changes in cereal grains. The development of electronic nose technology in recent years has stimulated interest in the use of characteristic volatiles and odours as a rapid, early indication of deterioration in grain quality. This review details the current status of this area of research. The range of volatiles produced by spoilage fungi in vitro and on grain are described, and the key volatile groups indicative of spoilage are identified. The relationship between current grain quality descriptors and the general classes of off-odours as defined in the literature, e.g. sour, musty, are not very accurate and the possible correlation between these for wheat, maize and other cereals, and volatiles are detailed. Examples of differentiation of spoilage moulds and between grain types using an electronic nose instrument are described. The potential for rapid and remote grain classification and future prospects for the use of such technology as a major descriptor of quality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Magan
- Applied Mycology Group, Cranfield Biotechnology Centre, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, Bedford, UK
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Jeleń H, Wasowicz E. Volatile fungal metabolites and their relation to the spoilage of agricultural commodities. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129809541170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Gitelson JI, Tirranen LS, Borodina EV. Impaired growth of plants cultivated in a closed system: possible reasons. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH (COSPAR) 1997; 20:1927-1930. [PMID: 11542571 DOI: 10.1016/s0273-1177(97)00627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants in experiments on "man-higher plants" closed ecosystem (CES) have been demonstrated to have inhibited growth and reduced productivity due to three basic factors: prolonged usage of a permanent nutrient solution introduction into the nutrient medium of intra-system gray water, and closure of the system. Gray water was detrimental to plants the longer the nutrient solution was used. However, higher plant growth was mostly affected by the gaseous composition of the CES atmosphere, through accumulation of volatile substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Gitelson
- Institute of Biophysics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch), Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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18
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Larsen TO, Frisvad JC. Comparison of different methods for collection of volatile chemical markers from fungi. J Microbiol Methods 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-7012(95)00063-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Larsen TO, Frisvad JC. Characterization of volatile metabolites from 47 Penicillium taxa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Larsen T, Frisvad J. A simple method for collection of volatile metabolites from fungi based on diffusive sampling from Petri dishes. J Microbiol Methods 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-7012(94)90032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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22
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Börjesson T, Stöllman U, Schnürer J. Volatile metabolites produced by six fungal species compared with other indicators of fungal growth on cereal grains. Appl Environ Microbiol 1992; 58:2599-605. [PMID: 1514807 PMCID: PMC195827 DOI: 10.1128/aem.58.8.2599-2605.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Six fungal species, Penicillium brevicompactum, P. glabrum, P. roqueforti, Aspergillus flavus, A. versicolor, and A. candidus, were inoculated on moistened and autoclaved wheat and oat grains. They were cultivated in glass vessels provided with an inlet and outlet for air. Air was passed through the vessels to collect volatile fungal metabolites on porous polymer adsorbents attached to the outlet. Samples were collected at two fungal growth stages. Adsorbed compounds were thermally desorbed, separated by gas chromatography, and identified by mass spectrometry. Differences in the production of volatile metabolites depended more on the fungal species than on the grain type. The fungal growth stage was not an important factor determining the composition of volatiles produced. 3-Methylfuran was produced in similar amounts regardless of the fungal species and substrate (oat versus wheat). The production of volatile metabolites was compared with the production of ergosterol and CO2 and the number of CFU. The production of volatile metabolites was more strongly correlated with accumulated CO2 production than with actual CO2 production and more strongly correlated with ergosterol contents of the grain than with numbers of CFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Börjesson
- SIK-Swedish Institute for Food Research, Göteborg, Sweden
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Börjesson T, Stöllman U, Schnürer J. Volatile metabolites and other indicators of Penicillium aurantiogriseum growth on different substrates. Appl Environ Microbiol 1990; 56:3705-10. [PMID: 2128008 PMCID: PMC185055 DOI: 10.1128/aem.56.12.3705-3710.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx was cultivated on six agar substrates (barley meal agar, oat meal agar, wheat meal agar, malt extract agar, Czapek agar, and Norkrans agar) and on oat grain for 5 days in cultivation vessels provided with an inlet and an outlet for air. Volatile metabolites produced by the cultures were collected on a porous polymer adsorbent by passing an airstream through the vessel. Volatile metabolites were collected between days 2 and 5 after inoculation. CO2 production was simultaneously measured, and after the cultivation period ergosterol contents and the numbers of CFU of the cultures were determined. Alcohols of low molecular weight and sesquiterpenes were the dominant compounds found. During growth on oat grain the production of 8-carbon alcohols and 3-methyl-1-butanol was higher and the production of terpenes was lower than during growth on agar substrates. The compositions of the volatile metabolites from oat grain were more similar to those from wheat grain, which was used as a substrate in a previous investigation, than to those produced on any of the agar substrates. Regarding the agar substrates, the production of terpenes was most pronounced on the artificial substrates (Czapek agar and Norkrans agar) whereas alcohol production was highest on substrates based on cereals. The production of volatile metabolites was highly correlated with the production of CO2 and moderately correlated with ergosterol contents, whereas no correlation with the numbers of CFU was found. Thus, the volatile metabolites formed and the ergosterol contents of fungal cultures should be good indicators of present and past fungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Börjesson
- Swedish Institute for Food Research, Göteborg
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