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Klein ML, Romero A, Kaltner H, Percec V, Gabius HJ. From examining the relationship between (corona)viral adhesins and galectins to glyco-perspectives. Biophys J 2020; 120:1031-1039. [PMID: 33248129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan-lectin recognition is vital to processes that impact human health, including viral infections. Proceeding from crystallographical evidence of case studies on adeno-, corona-, and rotaviral spike proteins, the relationship of these adhesins to mammalian galectins was examined by computational similarity assessments. Intrafamily diversity among human galectins was in the range of that to these viral surface proteins. Our findings are offered to inspire the consideration of lectin-based approaches to thwart infection by present and future viral threats, also mentioning possible implications for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Klein
- Institute of Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Antonio Romero
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, CIB Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Herbert Kaltner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hans-Joachim Gabius
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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2
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Ji J, Li W, Hu W, Xu X, Kan Y, Yao L, Bi Y, Xie Q. Novel Genotype Definition and the First Epidemiological Investigation of Canine Adenovirus Type 2 in Dogs in Central China. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:534. [PMID: 32974402 PMCID: PMC7466760 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by canine adenovirus (CAdV) type 1 have been reported worldwide in the past two decades. However, only few studies have specifically reported the prevalence of CAdV type 2 (CAdV-2). The present study investigated the persistent circulation of CAdV-2 in dogs with diarrhea in the Henan, Hubei, and Jiangsu provinces in central China from 2017 to 2019. We conducted polymerase chain reaction for detecting CAdV-2 and other related pathogens in 224 rectal swabs of pet dogs and the co-infection of canine diseases was also analyzed. In addition, the structural protein genes-Fiber, Hexon, and Penton-of the isolated CAdV-2 strains were sequenced and analyzed. The similarity between Hexon and Penton among the 19 strains was 97.4%, as revealed by sequence alignment. Multiple sequence alignment results showed that the Fiber gene sequences of these CAdV-2 strains shared 97.4-99.8% nucleotide and 94.1-99.3% amino acid identity with reference sequences and shared only 79.0-80.5% nucleotide and 77.3-80.5% amino acid identity with the vaccine strain CLL, indicating that Fiber harbored most of the variant sites. Furthermore, pairwise sequence comparisons of Hexon of CH-JS-1901 and CH-HN-1801 with that of India2006 revealed a novel genotype. Furthermore, protein model prediction showed that the amino acid mutation of fiber protein in 19 strains was located in the head region, that may cause structural changes on the surface of the fiber protein. These findings are of significance for monitoring the epidemiology of CAdV-2 infection and developing a novel vaccine which contribute to understanding genetic evolution of CAdV-2 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Yunchao Kan
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Insects Bio-Reactor, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Animal Disease Diagnosis and Integrated Control, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Yingzuo Bi
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Ongrádi J, Chatlynne LG, Tarcsai KR, Stercz B, Lakatos B, Pring-Åkerblom P, Gooss D, Nagy K, Ablashi DV. Adenovirus Isolated From a Cat Is Related to Human Adenovirus 1. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1430. [PMID: 31293556 PMCID: PMC6603132 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An adenovirus (AdV) has been isolated from the rectal swab of a domestic cat (Felis catus) and named feline adenovirus (FeAdV) isolate. It replicates and causes cytopathological effects in many human, feline, other mammalian cell lines that have both Coxsackie-adenovirus-receptor and integrins. Its antigens cross-react with anti-human adenovirus antibodies in immunofluorescence and immunocytochemistry assays. Electron microscopy revealed typical extracellular icosahedral particles and pseudo arrays inside cells. Sequence analysis of hexon and fiber genes indicates that this virus might belong to human adenovirus (HAdV) C species and might be a variant of type 1. In the fiber protein, three altered amino acids occur in the shaft; four altered residues are found in the knob region as compared to a European HAdV might be type 1 isolate (strain 1038, D11). One alteration affects amino acid 442 forming an RGS motif in an alanine rich region that might be an alternative way to bind integrins with subsequent internalization. Substitutions in the hexon sequence are silent. As compared to published HAdV sequences, the fiber is related to the original American prototype and recently described Taiwanese HAdV 1 isolates, but the hexon sequences are related to adenovirus isolates from France, Germany, Japan, and Taiwan. Serology carried out on FeAdV infected M426 cells indicates a prevalence of IgG in 80% of domestic cats in Delaware, United States. FeAdV isolate seems to be a recently recognized virus with possible pathogenic effects and, simultaneous human and feline infections are possible. Further molecular and biological characterization of this feline adenovirus isolate, as well as studies on both human and feline epidemiology and pathomechanisms, especially in endangered big cats, are warranted. FeAdV might have further practical advantages. Namely, it could be utilized in both human and feline AIDS research, developed into diagnostic tools, and gene therapy vectors in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ongrádi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,National Institute of Dermato-Venereology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Balázs Stercz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Donald Gooss
- Selbyville Animal Hospital, Selbyville, DE, United States
| | - Károly Nagy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,National Institute of Dermato-Venereology, Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Kim JW, Glasgow JN, Nakayama M, Ak F, Ugai H, Curiel DT. An adenovirus vector incorporating carbohydrate binding domains utilizes glycans for gene transfer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55533. [PMID: 23383334 PMCID: PMC3562239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vectors based on human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV-5) continue to show promise as delivery vehicles for cancer gene therapy. Nevertheless, it has become clear that therapeutic benefit is directly linked to tumor-specific vector localization, highlighting the need for tumor-targeted gene delivery. Aberrant glycosylation of cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids is a central feature of malignant transformation, and tumor-associated glycoforms are recognized as cancer biomarkers. On this basis, we hypothesized that cancer-specific cell-surface glycans could be the basis of a novel paradigm in HAdV-5-based vector targeting. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS As a first step toward this goal, we constructed a novel HAdV-5 vector encoding a unique chimeric fiber protein that contains the tandem carbohydrate binding domains of the fiber protein of the NADC-1 strain of porcine adenovirus type 4 (PAdV-4). This glycan-targeted vector displays augmented CAR-independent gene transfer in cells with low CAR expression. Further, we show that gene transfer is markedly decreased in cells with genetic glycosylation defects and by inhibitors of glycosylation in normal cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These data provide the initial proof-of-concept for HAdV-5 vector-mediated gene delivery based on the presence of cell-surface carbohydrates. Further development of this new targeting paradigm could provide targeted gene delivery based on vector recognition of disease-specific glycan biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius W. Kim
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Joel N. Glasgow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Masaharu Nakayama
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Genetics, Medical Institution of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ferhat Ak
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hideyo Ugai
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David T. Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Biologic Therapeutics Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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5
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Crystallographic structure of porcine adenovirus type 4 fiber head and galectin domains. J Virol 2010; 84:10558-68. [PMID: 20686025 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00997-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus isolate NADC-1, a strain of porcine adenovirus type 4, has a fiber containing an N-terminal virus attachment region, shaft and head domains, and a C-terminal galectin domain connected to the head by an RGD-containing sequence. The crystal structure of the head domain is similar to previously solved adenovirus fiber head domains, but specific residues for binding the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), CD46, or sialic acid are not conserved. The structure of the galectin domain reveals an interaction interface between its two carbohydrate recognition domains, locating both sugar binding sites face to face. Sequence evidence suggests other tandem-repeat galectins have the same arrangement. We show that the galectin domain binds carbohydrates containing lactose and N-acetyl-lactosamine units, and we present structures of the galectin domain with lactose, N-acetyl-lactosamine, 3-aminopropyl-lacto-N-neotetraose, and 2-aminoethyl-tri(N-acetyl-lactosamine), confirming the domain as a bona fide galectin domain.
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6
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Guardado-Calvo P, Llamas-Saiz AL, Fox GC, Glasgow JN, van Raaij MJ. Crystallization of the head and galectin-like domains of porcine adenovirus isolate NADC-1 fibre. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2009; 65:1149-52. [PMID: 19923738 PMCID: PMC2777046 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309109038287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The porcine adenovirus NADC-1 isolate, a strain of porcine adenovirus type 4, has a fibre with an atypical architecture. In addition to a classical virus attachment region, shaft and head domains, it contains an additional galectin like domain C-terminal to the head domain and connected to the head domain by a long RGD-containing loop. The galectin-like domain contains two putative carbohydrate-recognition domains. The head and galectin-like domains have been independently crystallized. Diffraction data have been obtained to 3.2 angstrom resolution from crystals of the head domain and to 1.9 angstrom resolution from galectin-like domain crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Guardado-Calvo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Llamas-Saiz
- Unidad de Rayos X (RIAIDT), Laboratorio Integral de Dinámica y Estructura de Biomoléculas José R. Carracido, Edificio CACTUS, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gavin C. Fox
- Laboratoire des Proteines Membranaires, Institut de Biologie Structurale J. P. Ebel, 41 Rue Jules Horowitz, Grenoble, France
| | - Joel N. Glasgow
- Divisions of Cardiology and Human Gene Therapy, Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pathology, Surgery and the Gene Therapy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark J. van Raaij
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Biología Estructural, Instituto de Biología Molecular (IBMB-CSIC), Parc Cientific, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Abstract
Adenovirus fiber knobs are the capsid components that interact with binding receptors on cells, while an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence usually found in the penton base protein is important for the interaction of most adenoviruses with integrin entry receptors. Mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) lacks an RGD sequence in the virion penton base protein. We tested whether an RGD sequence found in the MAV-1 fiber knob plays a role in infection. Treatment of cells with a competitor RGD peptide or a purified recombinant RGD-containing fiber knob prior to infection resulted in reduced virus yields compared to those of controls, indicating the importance of the RGD sequence for infection. An investigation of the role of integrins as possible receptors showed that MAV-1 yields were reduced in the presence of EDTA, an inhibitor of integrin binding, and in the presence of anti-alpha(v) integrin antibody. Moreover, mouse embryo fibroblasts that were genetically deficient in alpha(v) integrin yielded less virus, supporting the hypothesis that alpha(v) integrin is a likely receptor for MAV-1. We also investigated whether glycosaminoglycans play a role in MAV-1 infection. Preincubation of MAV-1 with heparin, a heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan analog, resulted in a decrease in MAV-1 virus yields. Reduced MAV-1 infectivity was also found with cells that genetically lack heparan sulfate or cells that were treated with heparinase I. Cumulatively, our data demonstrate that the RGD sequence in the MAV-1 fiber knob plays a role in infection by MAV-1, alpha(v) integrin acts as a receptor for the virus, and cell surface heparin sulfate glycosaminoglycans are important in MAV-1 infection.
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8
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Hsu DK, Kuwabara I, Liu FT. Galectin-3 and Regulation of Cell Function. Transfus Med Hemother 2005. [DOI: 10.1159/000083236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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9
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Renaut L, Colin M, Leite JPG, Benko M, D'Halluin JC. Abolition of hCAR-dependent cell tropism using fiber knobs of Atadenovirus serotypes. Virology 2004; 321:189-204. [PMID: 15051380 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2003.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2003] [Revised: 10/31/2003] [Accepted: 12/29/2003] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Most adenoviral vectors use in gene therapy protocols derive from species C. However, expression of the primary receptor (human Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus receptor, hCAR) for these AdV is variable on cancer cells. In vivo targeting of a therapeutic gene to specific cells has then become a major issue in gene therapy. The Ad fiber protein largely determines viral tropism through interaction with specific receptors. Hereto, we constructed a set of HAdV5 vectors carrying chimeric fibers with knob domains from nonhuman AdV, namely from the FAdV-1 (Aviadenovirus), DAdV-1, and BAdV-4 (Atadenovirus). Correspondents viruses were produced using an established new HEK293 cell line, which express the HAdV2 fiber. Recombinant HAdV harboring chimeric fibers constituted of the N-terminal domain of HAdV2, and knob domain of bovine adenovirus type 4 (BAdV-4) demonstrated the greatest reduction in fiber-mediated gene transfer into human cells expressing the hCAR. Moreover, this vector infects with a better efficiency than vector with wild-type fiber, the Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) and SKOV3 cell lines, both from ovarian origin, hamster and human, respectively. These studies support the concept that changing the fiber knob domain to ablate hCAR interaction should result in a de- or retargeted adenoviral vector. The adenoviral vector with the chimeric HAdV2/BAdV-4 fiber lacking hCAR interaction and with an ovarian cell tropism could be a nice candidate to elaborate vectors for ovarian tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Renaut
- Inserm UR524, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, 59045 Lille cedex, France
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Dormitzer PR, Sun ZYJ, Wagner G, Harrison SC. The rhesus rotavirus VP4 sialic acid binding domain has a galectin fold with a novel carbohydrate binding site. EMBO J 2002; 21:885-97. [PMID: 11867517 PMCID: PMC125907 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/21.5.885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell attachment and membrane penetration are functions of the rotavirus outer capsid spike protein, VP4. An activating tryptic cleavage of VP4 produces the N-terminal fragment, VP8*, which is the viral hemagglutinin and an important target of neutralizing antibodies. We have determined, by X-ray crystallography, the atomic structure of the VP8* core bound to sialic acid and, by NMR spectroscopy, the structure of the unliganded VP8* core. The domain has the beta-sandwich fold of the galectins, a family of sugar binding proteins. The surface corresponding to the galectin carbohydrate binding site is blocked, and rotavirus VP8* instead binds sialic acid in a shallow groove between its two beta-sheets. There appears to be a small induced fit on binding. The residues that contact sialic acid are conserved in sialic acid-dependent rotavirus strains. Neutralization escape mutations are widely distributed over the VP8* surface and cluster in four epitopes. From the fit of the VP8* core into the virion spikes, we propose that VP4 arose from the insertion of a host carbohydrate binding domain into a viral membrane interaction protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R. Dormitzer
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Enders 673, Children’s Hospital, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Zhen-Yu J. Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Enders 673, Children’s Hospital, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Gerhard Wagner
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Enders 673, Children’s Hospital, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Corresponding author e-mail:
| | - Stephen C. Harrison
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Enders 673, Children’s Hospital, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA Corresponding author e-mail:
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11
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Pitcovski J, Mualem M, Rei-Koren Z, Krispel S, Shmueli E, Peretz Y, Gutter B, Gallili GE, Michael A, Goldberg D. The complete DNA sequence and genome organization of the avian adenovirus, hemorrhagic enteritis virus. Virology 1998; 249:307-15. [PMID: 9791022 DOI: 10.1006/viro.1998.9336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) belongs to the Adenoviridae family, a subgroup of adenoviruses (Ads) that infect avian species. In this article, the complete DNA sequence and the genome organization of the virus are described. The full-length of the genome was found to be 26,263 bp, shorter than the DNA of any other Ad described so far. The G + C content of the genome is 34.93%. There are short terminal repeats (39 bp), as described for other Ads. Genes were identified by comparison of the DNA and predicted amino acid sequences with published sequences of other Ads. The organization of the genome in respect to late genes (52K, IIIa, penton base, core protein, hexon, endopeptidase, 100K, pVIII, and fiber), early region 2 genes (polymerase, terminal protein, and DNA binding protein), and intermediate gene IVa2 was found to be similar to that of other human and avian Ad genomes. No sequences similar to E1 and E4 regions were found. Very low similarity to ovine E3 region was found. Open reading frames were identified with no similarity to any published Ad sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pitcovski
- South Industrial Zone, MIGAL, Kiryat Shmona, 10200, Israel.
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12
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Meissner JD, Hirsch GN, LaRue EA, Fulcher RA, Spindler KR. Completion of the DNA sequence of mouse adenovirus type 1: sequence of E2B, L1, and L2 (18-51 map units). Virus Res 1997; 51:53-64. [PMID: 9381795 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(97)00079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The DNA sequence of 9991 nt, corresponding to 18-51 map units of mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1), was determined, completing the sequence of the Larsen strain of MAV-1. The length of the complete MAV-1 genome is 30,946 nucleotides, consistent with previous experimental estimates. The 18-51 map unit region encodes early region 2B proteins necessary for adenoviral replication as well as late region L1 and L2 structural and packaging proteins. Sequence comparison in this region with human adenoviruses indicates broad similarities, including colinear preservation of all recognized open reading frames (ORFs), with highest amino acid identity occurring in the DNA polymerase and polypeptide III (penton base subunit) ORFs. Virus-associated (VA) RNA is not encoded in the region where VA RNAs are found in the human adenoviruses, between E2B and L1, nor is it encoded anywhere in the entire MAV-1 genome. The MAV-1 polypeptide III lacks the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) motif which is involved in an association with cell-surface integrins. Only one RGD sequence is found in an identified coding region in the entire MAV-1 genome. Similar to the porcine adenovirus, this RGD sequence is found in the C-terminus of the MAV-1 fiber protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Meissner
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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13
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Rohn K, Prusas C, Monreal G, Hess M. Identification and characterization of penton base and pVIII protein of egg drop syndrome virus. Virus Res 1997; 47:59-65. [PMID: 9037737 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(96)01407-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence and location of the penton base and pVIII genes of the egg drop syndrome (EDS) virus an avian adenovirus, were determined. The penton base gene is located at 34.8-38.8 map units. The coding sequence has a length of 1359 nt and encodes a polypeptide of 452 amino acids (aa) with a molecular weight of 51 105 Da. The amino acid sequence shows a homology of 57.3 and 55.3% to the structural protein IH of human adenovirus serotype 2 (HAd2) and fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (FAV1). The penton base protein lacks the integrin binding motifs RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and LDV (Leu-Asp-Val). At 65.1-67.3 map units an open reading frame of 753 nucleotides was identified which encodes the structural protein pVIH. It forms a protein of 250 aa with an expected molecular weight of 28 501 Da. Possible protease cleavage sites were identified. Amino acid homologies of 30.8 and 27.7% were found to the HAd2 and FAV1 pVIII genes. Remarkably, the overall amino acid identity with ovine adenovirus pVIII is 52%. The start codons of both genes are shifted leftwards compared with the respective structural elements on the HAd2 or FAV1 genomes which indicates a different genomic organization of the EDS virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Rohn
- Institut für Geflügelkrankheiten, Freien Universität Berlin, Germany
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