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Dmitrieva E, Malkov A. Optogenetic stimulation of medial septal glutamatergic neurons modulates theta-gamma coupling in the hippocampus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2024; 211:107929. [PMID: 38685526 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2024.107929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Hippocampal cross-frequency theta-gamma coupling (TGC) is a basic mechanism for information processing, retrieval, and consolidation of long-term and working memory. While the role of entorhinal afferents in the modulation of hippocampal TGC is widely accepted, the influence of other main input to the hippocampus, from the medial septal area (MSA, the pacemaker of the hippocampal theta rhythm) is poorly understood. Optogenetics allows us to explore how different neuronal populations of septohippocampal circuits control neuronal oscillations in vivo. Rhythmic activation of septal glutamatergic neurons has been shown to drive hippocampal theta oscillations, but the role of these neuronal populations in information processing during theta activation has remained unclear. Here we investigated the influence of phasic activation of MSA glutamatergic neurons expressing channelrhodopsin II on theta-gamma coupling in the hippocampus. During the experiment, local field potentials of MSA and hippocampus of freely behaving mice were modulated by 470 nm light flashes with theta frequency (2-10) Hz. It was shown that both the power and the strength of modulation of gamma rhythm nested on hippocampal theta waves depend on the frequency of stimulation. The modulation of the amplitude of slow gamma rhythm (30-50 Hz) prevailed over modulation of fast gamma (55-100 Hz) during flash trains and the observed effects were specific for theta stimulation of MSA. We discuss the possibility that phasic depolarization of septal glutamatergic neurons controls theta-gamma coupling in the hippocampus and plays a role in memory retrieval and consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dmitrieva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Anton Malkov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia.
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Severino L, Kim J, Nam MH, McHugh TJ. From synapses to circuits: What mouse models have taught us about how autism spectrum disorder impacts hippocampal function. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105559. [PMID: 38246230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts a variety of cognitive and behavioral domains. While a genetic component of ASD has been well-established, none of the numerous syndromic genes identified in humans accounts for more than 1% of the clinical patients. Due to this large number of target genes, numerous mouse models of the disorder have been generated. However, the focus on distinct brain circuits, behavioral phenotypes and diverse experimental approaches has made it difficult to synthesize the overwhelming number of model animal studies into concrete throughlines that connect the data across levels of investigation. Here we chose to focus on one circuit, the hippocampus, and one hypothesis, a shift in excitatory/inhibitory balance, to examine, from the level of the tripartite synapse up to the level of in vivo circuit activity, the key commonalities across disparate models that can illustrate a path towards a better mechanistic understanding of ASD's impact on hippocampal circuit function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandra Severino
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Nam
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST-School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Thomas J McHugh
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea; Laboratory for Circuit and Behavioral Physiology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi Saitama, Japan.
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Makarov VA, Muñoz R, Herreras O, Makarova J. Correlation dimension of high-dimensional and high-definition experimental time series. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2023; 33:123114. [PMID: 38079645 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
The correlation dimension (CD) is a nonlinear measure of the complexity of invariant sets. First introduced for describing low-dimensional chaotic attractors, it has been later extended to the analysis of experimental electroencephalographic (EEG), magnetoencephalographic (MEG), and local field potential (LFP) recordings. However, its direct application to high-dimensional (dozens of signals) and high-definition (kHz sampling rate) 2HD data revealed a controversy in the results. We show that the need for an exponentially long data sample is the main difficulty in dealing with 2HD data. Then, we provide a novel method for estimating CD that enables orders of magnitude reduction of the required sample size. The approach decomposes raw data into statistically independent components and estimates the CD for each of them separately. In addition, the method allows ongoing insights into the interplay between the complexity of the contributing components, which can be related to different anatomical pathways and brain regions. The latter opens new approaches to a deeper interpretation of experimental data. Finally, we illustrate the method with synthetic data and LFPs recorded in the hippocampus of a rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeri A Makarov
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Mathematical Analysis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias 3, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Ricardo Muñoz
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Mathematical Analysis, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias 3, Madrid 28040, Spain
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Av. Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Oscar Herreras
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Av. Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Julia Makarova
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Cajal Institute, CSIC, Av. Doctor Arce 37, Madrid 28002, Spain
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Mysin I. Phase relations of interneuronal activity relative to theta rhythm. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1198573. [PMID: 37484208 PMCID: PMC10358363 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1198573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The theta rhythm plays a crucial role in synchronizing neural activity during attention and memory processes. However, the mechanisms behind the formation of neural activity during theta rhythm generation remain unknown. To address this, we propose a mathematical model that explains the distribution of interneurons in the CA1 field during the theta rhythm phase. Our model consists of a network of seven types of interneurons in the CA1 field that receive inputs from the CA3 field, entorhinal cortex, and local pyramidal neurons in the CA1 field. By adjusting the parameters of the connections in the model. We demonstrate that it is possible to replicate the experimentally observed phase relations between interneurons and the theta rhythm. Our model predicts that populations of interneurons receive unimodal excitation and inhibition with coinciding peaks, and that excitation dominates to determine the firing dynamics of interneurons.
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Hernández O, Zurek E, Barbosa J, Villasana M. A comparative study of the cortical function during the interpretation of algorithms in pseudocode and the solution of first-order algebraic equations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0274713. [PMID: 37368883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study intends to determine whether similarities of the functioning of the cerebral cortex exist, modeled as a graph, during the execution of mathematical tasks and programming related tasks. The comparison is done using network parameters and during the development of computer programming tasks and the solution of first-order algebraic equations. For that purpose, electroencephalographic recordings (EEG) were made with a volunteer group of 16 students of systems engineering of Universidad del Norte in Colombia, while they were performing computer programming tasks and solving first-order algebraic equations with three levels of difficulty. Then, based on the Synchronization Likelihood method, graph models of functional cortical networks were developed, whose parameters of Small-Worldness (SWN), global(Eg) and local (El) efficiency were compared between both types of tasks. From this study, it can be highlighted, first, the novelty of studying cortical function during the solution of algebraic equations and during programming tasks; second, significant differences between both types of tasks observed only in the delta and theta bands. Likewise, the differences between simpler mathematical tasks with the other levels in both types of tasks; third, the Brodmann areas 21 and 42, associated with auditory sensory processing, can be considered as differentiating elements of programming tasks; as well as Brodmann area 8, during equation solving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hernández
- Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Eduardo Zurek
- Departamento de Ingeniería de sistemas, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - John Barbosa
- Departamento de Ingeniería de sistemas, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Minaya Villasana
- Departamento de Cómputo Científico y Estadística, Universidad Simón Bolivar, Caracas, Venezuela
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Wu D, Yu N, Gao Y, Xiong R, Liu L, Lei H, Jin S, Liu J, Liu Y, Xie J, Liu E, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Li S, Wei L, Lv J, Yu H, Zeng W, Zhou Q, Xu F, Luo MH, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Wang JZ. Targeting a vulnerable septum-hippocampus cholinergic circuit in a critical time window ameliorates tau-impaired memory consolidation. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:23. [PMID: 37060096 PMCID: PMC10103508 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal tau accumulation and cholinergic degeneration are hallmark pathologies in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the sensitivity of cholinergic neurons to AD-like tau accumulation and strategies to ameliorate tau-disrupted spatial memory in terms of neural circuits still remain elusive. METHODS To investigate the effect and mechanism of the cholinergic circuit in Alzheimer's disease-related hippocampal memory, overexpression of human wild-type Tau (hTau) in medial septum (MS)-hippocampus (HP) cholinergic was achieved by specifically injecting pAAV-EF1α-DIO-hTau-eGFP virus into the MS of ChAT-Cre mice. Immunostaining, behavioral analysis and optogenetic activation experiments were used to detect the effect of hTau accumulation on cholinergic neurons and the MS-CA1 cholinergic circuit. Patch-clamp recordings and in vivo local field potential recordings were used to analyze the influence of hTau on the electrical signals of cholinergic neurons and the activity of cholinergic neural circuit networks. Optogenetic activation combined with cholinergic receptor blocker was used to detect the role of cholinergic receptors in spatial memory. RESULTS In the present study, we found that cholinergic neurons with an asymmetric discharge characteristic in the MS-hippocampal CA1 pathway are vulnerable to tau accumulation. In addition to an inhibitory effect on neuronal excitability, theta synchronization between the MS and CA1 subsets was significantly disrupted during memory consolidation after overexpressing hTau in the MS. Photoactivating MS-CA1 cholinergic inputs within a critical 3 h time window during memory consolidation efficiently improved tau-induced spatial memory deficits in a theta rhythm-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only reveals the vulnerability of a novel MS-CA1 cholinergic circuit to AD-like tau accumulation but also provides a rhythm- and time window-dependent strategy to target the MS-CA1 cholinergic circuit, thereby rescuing tau-induced spatial cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Nana Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Luping Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
| | - Huiyang Lei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Sen Jin
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingzhou Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiazhao Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Enjie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qiuzhi Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shihong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Linyu Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jingru Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huilin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wenbo Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Min-Hua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Endocrine Department of Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430077, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Jian-Zhi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Education Ministry of China/Hubei Province for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
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Kitchigina V, Shubina L. Oscillations in the dentate gyrus as a tool for the performance of the hippocampal functions: Healthy and epileptic brain. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110759. [PMID: 37003419 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The dentate gyrus (DG) is part of the hippocampal formation and is essential for important cognitive processes such as navigation and memory. The oscillatory activity of the DG network is believed to play a critical role in cognition. DG circuits generate theta, beta, and gamma rhythms, which participate in the specific information processing performed by DG neurons. In the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), cognitive abilities are impaired, which may be due to drastic alterations in the DG structure and network activity during epileptogenesis. The theta rhythm and theta coherence are especially vulnerable in dentate circuits; disturbances in DG theta oscillations and their coherence may be responsible for general cognitive impairments observed during epileptogenesis. Some researchers suggested that the vulnerability of DG mossy cells is a key factor in the genesis of TLE, but others did not support this hypothesis. The aim of the review is not only to present the current state of the art in this field of research but to help pave the way for future investigations by highlighting the gaps in our knowledge to completely appreciate the role of DG rhythms in brain functions. Disturbances in oscillatory activity of the DG during TLE development may be a diagnostic marker in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Kitchigina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia.
| | - Liubov Shubina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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Rouhi S, Rahmani S, Shanesazzadeh F, Ahmadvand T, Namazi M, Fardmanesh M, Kiani S. Stimulation of spinal cord according to recorded theta hippocampal rhythm during rat move on treadmill. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023:bmt-2022-0420. [PMID: 36872631 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2022-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have revealed that after spinal cord injury (SCI), in acute and sub-acute phase the spinal cord neurons below the injury are alive and could stimulate by use of electrical pulses. Spinal cord electrical stimulation could generate movement for paralyzed limbs and is a rehabilitation strategy for paralyzed patients. An innovative idea for controlling spinal cord electrical stimulation onset time is presented in current study. METHODS In our method, the time of applying electrical pulse on the spinal cord is according to rat behavioral movement and two movements behaviors are recognized only based on rat EEG theta rhythm on the treadmill line. Briefly, 5 rats were placed on the treadmill and the animals experienced zero or 12 m/min speeds. RESULTS These speeds were recognized based on EEG signals and off-line periodogram analysis. Finally, the electrical stimulation pulses had been applied to the spinal cord if the results of the EEG analysis had detected running behavior. CONCLUSIONS These findings may guide future research in utilizing theta rhythms for the recognition of animal motor behavior and designing electrical stimulation systems based on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Rouhi
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Rahmani
- Institute for Research in Fundamental Science (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tala Ahmadvand
- School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahrokh Namazi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fardmanesh
- School of Electrical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Kiani
- Department of Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Cell Science Research Center, ROYAN Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Yang CCH, Kuo TBJ, Chen CH, Li WY, Hung CT, Li JY. Older rats show slow modulation of hippocampal theta rhythm during voluntary running. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112092. [PMID: 36669709 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging causes brain function degeneration and slows many motor and behavioural responses. The hippocampal theta rhythm (4-12 Hz) is related to cognition and locomotion. However, the findings on aging-related changes in the frequency and amplitude of hippocampal theta oscillations have been inconsistent. We hypothesized that older rats have slower responses in terms of hippocampal theta rhythm during voluntary wheel running than do young adult rats. By simultaneously recording electroencephalography and physical activity (PA), we evaluated theta oscillations in 8-week-old (young adult) and 60-week-old (middle-aged) rats before and during wheel running, which was conducted only during the rats' 12-h dark period. To test the alterations of hippocampal theta rhythm in voluntary wheel running, we analyzed the signals without (8-s) or with (2-s) chronological order. No significant difference was observed in total frequency (TP, 4-12 Hz), low-frequency (LT, 4-6.5 Hz), or high-frequency (9.5-12 Hz) theta activity between active waking and overall running in either group. The theta oscillations were slower in the middle-aged rats than in the young adult rats during wheel running but increased during running for both age groups. During wheel running, the middle-aged rats exhibited an increased LT, which was related to PA. On the basis of the chronological order of running, the young adult rats exhibited increased TP, and the middle-aged rats exhibited significant increases in middle-frequency (MT, 6.5-9.5 Hz) theta activity. The dominant modulations of MT in the middle-aged rats may have caused nonsignificant changes in total activity. These between-group differences in theta rhythm characteristics during voluntary running provide insights into age-related brain function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Clinical Research Center, Tsoutun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiu Chen
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Li
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Tsen Hung
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Mysin I, Shubina L. Hippocampal non-theta state: The "Janus face" of information processing. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1134705. [PMID: 36960401 PMCID: PMC10027749 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1134705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of studies on hippocampal rhythms have been conducted on animals or humans in situations where their attention was focused on external stimuli or solving cognitive tasks. These studies formed the basis for the idea that rhythmical activity coordinates the work of neurons during information processing. However, at rest, when attention is not directed to external stimuli, brain rhythms do not disappear, although the parameters of oscillatory activity change. What is the functional load of rhythmical activity at rest? Hippocampal oscillatory activity during rest is called the non-theta state, as opposed to the theta state, a characteristic activity during active behavior. We dedicate our review to discussing the present state of the art in the research of the non-theta state. The key provisions of the review are as follows: (1) the non-theta state has its own characteristics of oscillatory and neuronal activity; (2) hippocampal non-theta state is possibly caused and maintained by change of rhythmicity of medial septal input under the influence of raphe nuclei; (3) there is no consensus in the literature about cognitive functions of the non-theta-non-ripple state; and (4) the antagonistic relationship between theta and delta rhythms observed in rodents is not always observed in humans. Most attention is paid to the non-theta-non-ripple state, since this aspect of hippocampal activity has not been investigated properly and discussed in reviews.
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Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures are followed by a reduction in the multiunitary activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in adult rats. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 137:108922. [PMID: 36279807 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) blocks the inhibitory action of GABA, triggering a Glu-mediated hyperexcitation of the dendritic spines in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons that leads to the generation of epileptiform seizures. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of PTZ on the electrical activity of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons in male rats. Bipolar electrodes were implanted stereotaxically in the right and left hippocampal CA1 fields of adults, and PTZ (65 mg/kg) was administered i.p. Simultaneous recordings of the field activity and the firing rate (multiunitary activity, MUA) were analyzed at 10, 20, and 30 min post-administration of PTZ. Only rats that presented tonic-clonic seizures during the first 1-5 min after PTZ treatment were included in the study. The recordings of the field activity were analyzed in 4 frequency bands. In both the right and left hippocampal CA1 fields, the relative power corresponding to the slow waves (4-7 Hz) increased, while in the bands 13-30 Hz and 31-50 Hz, it decreased at 10, 20, and 30 min post-PTZ. MUA recordings were analyzed at four levels. The highest levels corresponded to larger amplitudes of the action potentials in the pyramidal neurons. The firing rates of the PTZ-treated rats did not differ from baseline but presented a significant decrement at 10, 20, and 30 min post-PTZ. The decreased firing rate of the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons after PTZ treatment could be associated with plastic changes of dendritic spines along with some microenvironmental adaptations at synaptic level, after neuronal PTZ-mediated hyperexcitation.
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Solórzano Hernández E, Cervantes Alfaro JM, Figueroa Rosales R, Gutiérrez Guzmán BÉ, López Vázquez MÁ, Olvera Cortés ME. Septal medial/diagonal band of Broca citalopram infusion reduces place learning efficiency and alters septohippocampal theta learning-related activity in rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114056. [PMID: 35963580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Increases in power and frequency of hippocampal theta activity have been related to efficient place learning and memory acquisition in hippocampal-dependent tests. The complex medial septum-diagonal band of Broca (MS/DBB) is the pacemaker of hippocampal theta activity, influenced by the ascending synchronizing system, and modulated by serotonergic raphe medial afferents, acting on cholinergic and GABAergic septal neurons. The suppression of hippocampal theta expression and the modulation of hippocampal learning and memory are attributed to serotonin. To simultaneously test these hypotheses, a daily local serotonin increase was induced by citalopram (CIT) infusion (100 µM, 0.88 µl, 0.2 µl/m) 15 min before training in the Morris water maze. The theta activity was recorded in the MS/DBB, dentate gyrus (DG) and CA1 of one group infused with artificial cerebrospinal liquid (ACL) and the other with CIT on Days 1-6 of training. After a probe trial (Day 7) and one resting day, the treatments were reversed (Days 8-11). The CIT MS/DBB infusion in the first 6 training days reduced the efficiency of spatial learning in association with reduced power in the DG, reduced MS/DBB-DG coherence, increased DG-CA1 coherence, and a lack of a negative correlation between MS/DBB power and swam distances. No effect of the CIT occurred once the information was acquired under ACL training. These results support a role of serotonin, in acting on the MS/DBB in the fine tuning of hippocampal learning and memory efficiency through the modulation of learning-related theta activity power and septohipocampal synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Solórzano Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico; Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
| | - José Miguel Cervantes Alfaro
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, División de Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y Biológicas "Dr. Ignacio Chávez", Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico.
| | - Rosalinda Figueroa Rosales
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Érika Gutiérrez Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Ángel López Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Neuroplasticidad, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
| | - María Esther Olvera Cortés
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología Experimental, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Michoacán, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico.
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Ursino M, Cesaretti N, Pirazzini G. A model of working memory for encoding multiple items and ordered sequences exploiting the theta-gamma code. Cogn Neurodyn 2022; 17:489-521. [PMID: 37007198 PMCID: PMC10050512 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-022-09836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecent experimental evidence suggests that oscillatory activity plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of information in working memory, both in rodents and humans. In particular, cross-frequency coupling between theta and gamma oscillations has been suggested as a core mechanism for multi-item memory. The aim of this work is to present an original neural network model, based on oscillating neural masses, to investigate mechanisms at the basis of working memory in different conditions. We show that this model, with different synapse values, can be used to address different problems, such as the reconstruction of an item from partial information, the maintenance of multiple items simultaneously in memory, without any sequential order, and the reconstruction of an ordered sequence starting from an initial cue. The model consists of four interconnected layers; synapses are trained using Hebbian and anti-Hebbian mechanisms, in order to synchronize features in the same items, and desynchronize features in different items. Simulations show that the trained network is able to desynchronize up to nine items without a fixed order using the gamma rhythm. Moreover, the network can replicate a sequence of items using a gamma rhythm nested inside a theta rhythm. The reduction in some parameters, mainly concerning the strength of GABAergic synapses, induce memory alterations which mimic neurological deficits. Finally, the network, isolated from the external environment (“imagination phase”) and stimulated with high uniform noise, can randomly recover sequences previously learned, and link them together by exploiting the similarity among items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ursino
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena Area di Campus Cesena Via Dell’Università 50, 47521 Cesena, FC Italy
| | - Nicole Cesaretti
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena Area di Campus Cesena Via Dell’Università 50, 47521 Cesena, FC Italy
| | - Gabriele Pirazzini
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”, University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena Area di Campus Cesena Via Dell’Università 50, 47521 Cesena, FC Italy
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Totty MS, Maren S. Neural Oscillations in Aversively Motivated Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:936036. [PMID: 35846784 PMCID: PMC9284508 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.936036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear and anxiety-based disorders are highly debilitating and among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. These disorders are associated with abnormal network oscillations in the brain, yet a comprehensive understanding of the role of network oscillations in the regulation of aversively motivated behavior is lacking. In this review, we examine the oscillatory correlates of fear and anxiety with a particular focus on rhythms in the theta and gamma-range. First, we describe neural oscillations and their link to neural function by detailing the role of well-studied theta and gamma rhythms to spatial and memory functions of the hippocampus. We then describe how theta and gamma oscillations act to synchronize brain structures to guide adaptive fear and anxiety-like behavior. In short, that hippocampal network oscillations act to integrate spatial information with motivationally salient information from the amygdala during states of anxiety before routing this information via theta oscillations to appropriate target regions, such as the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, theta and gamma oscillations develop in the amygdala and neocortical areas during the encoding of fear memories, and interregional synchronization reflects the retrieval of both recent and remotely encoded fear memories. Finally, we argue that the thalamic nucleus reuniens represents a key node synchronizing prefrontal-hippocampal theta dynamics for the retrieval of episodic extinction memories in the hippocampus.
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Katz CN, Schjetnan AGP, Patel K, Barkley V, Hoffman KL, Kalia SK, Duncan KD, Valiante TA. A corollary discharge mediates saccade-related inhibition of single units in mnemonic structures of the human brain. Curr Biol 2022; 32:3082-3094.e4. [PMID: 35779529 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the critical link between visual exploration and memory, little is known about how neuronal activity in the human mesial temporal lobe (MTL) is modulated by saccades. Here, we characterize saccade-associated neuronal modulations, unit-by-unit, and contrast them to image onset and to occipital lobe neurons. We reveal evidence for a corollary discharge (CD)-like modulatory signal that accompanies saccades, inhibiting/exciting a unique population of broad-/narrow-spiking units, respectively, before and during saccades and with directional selectivity. These findings comport well with the timing, directional nature, and inhibitory circuit implementation of a CD. Additionally, by linking neuronal activity to event-related potentials (ERPs), which are directionally modulated following saccades, we recontextualize the ERP associated with saccades as a proxy for both the strength of inhibition and saccade direction, providing a mechanistic underpinning for the more commonly recorded saccade-related ERP in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaim N Katz
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrea G P Schjetnan
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Kramay Patel
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Victoria Barkley
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Kari L Hoffman
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; The KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada
| | - Katherine D Duncan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Taufik A Valiante
- Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto Western Hospital (TWH), Toronto, ON M5T 1M8, Canada; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada; CRANIA, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; The KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2A2, Canada; Max Planck-University of Toronto Center for Neural Science and Technology, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Malkov A, Shevkova L, Latyshkova A, Kitchigina V. Theta and gamma hippocampal-neocortical oscillations during the episodic-like memory test: Impairment in epileptogenic rats. Exp Neurol 2022; 354:114110. [PMID: 35551900 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Cortical oscillations in different frequency bands have been shown to be intimately involved in exploration of environment and cognition. Here, the local field potentials in the hippocampus, the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and the medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) were recorded simultaneously in rats during the execution of the episodic-like memory task. The power of theta (~4-10 Hz), slow gamma (~25-50 Hz), and fast gamma oscillations (~55-100 Hz) was analyzed in all structures examined. Particular attention was paid to the theta coherence between three mentioned structures. The modulation of the power of gamma rhythms by the phase of theta cycle during the execution of the episodic-like memory test by rats was also closely studied. Healthy rats and rats one month after kainate-induced status epilepticus (SE) were examined. Paroxysmal activity in the hippocampus (high amplitude interictal spikes), excessive excitability of animals, and the death of hippocampal and dentate granular cells in rats with kainate-evoked SE were observed, which indicated the development of seizure focus in the hippocampus (epileptogenesis). One month after SE, the rats exhibited a specific impairment of episodic memory for the what-where-when triad: unlike healthy rats, epileptogenic SE animals did not identify the objects during the test. This impairment was associated with the changes in the characteristics of theta and gamma rhythms and specific violation of theta coherence and theta/gamma coupling in these structures in comparison with the healthy animals. We believe that these disturbances in the cortical areas play a role in episodic memory dysfunction in kainate-treated animals. These findings can shed light on the mechanisms of cognitive deficit during epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Malkov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.
| | | | - Alexandra Latyshkova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Valentina Kitchigina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
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Kuo TB, Yang CC, Hung CT, Chen CH, Lan TH, Li JY. Behavioural consistency and hippocampal theta rhythm can reflect age-related anxiety during the behaviour test. Exp Gerontol 2022; 163:111808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Mysin I, Shubina L. From mechanisms to functions: The role of theta and gamma coherence in the intrahippocampal circuits. Hippocampus 2022; 32:342-358. [PMID: 35192228 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Brain rhythms are essential for information processing in neuronal networks. Oscillations recorded in different brain regions can be synchronized and have a constant phase difference, that is, they can be coherent. Coherence between local field potential (LFP) signals from different brain regions may be correlated with the performance of cognitive tasks, indicating that these regions of the brain are jointly involved in the information processing. Why does coherence occur and how is it related to the information transfer between different regions of the hippocampal formation? In this article, we discuss possible mechanisms of theta and gamma coherence and its role in the hippocampus-dependent attention and memory processes, since theta and gamma rhythms are most pronounced in these processes. We review in vivo studies of interactions between different regions of the hippocampal formation in theta and gamma frequency bands. The key propositions of the review are as follows: (1) coherence emerges from synchronous postsynaptic currents in principal neurons as a result of synchronization of neuronal spike activity; (2) the synchronization of neuronal spike patterns in two regions of the hippocampal formation can be realized through induction or resonance; (3) coherence at a specific time point reflects the transfer of information between the regions of the hippocampal formation; (4) the physiological roles of theta and gamma coherence are different due to their different functions and mechanisms of generation. All hippocampal neurons are involved in theta activity, and theta coherence arranges the firing order of principal neurons throughout the hippocampal formation. In contrast, gamma coherence reflects the coupling of active neuronal ensembles. Overall, the coherence of LFPs between different areas of the brain is an important physiological process based on the synchronized neuronal firing, and it is essential for cooperative information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mysin
- Laboratory of Systemic Organization of Neurons, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Liubov Shubina
- Laboratory of Systemic Organization of Neurons, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
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19
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Guseynov AG. The Impact of Hypoxic Exposures in Different Periods of Prenatal Development on Electrical Activity of the Rabbit Auditory Cortex in the First Month of Postnatal Life. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093021060089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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A Model of the CA1 Field Rhythms. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0192-21.2021. [PMID: 34670820 PMCID: PMC8577063 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0192-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We propose a model of the main rhythms in the hippocampal CA1 field: theta rhythm; slow, middle, and fast gamma rhythms; and ripple oscillations. We have based this on data obtained from animals behaving freely. We have considered the modes of neuronal discharges and the occurrence of local field potential oscillations in the theta and non-theta states at different inputs from the CA3 field, the medial entorhinal cortex, and the medial septum. In our work, we tried to reproduce the main experimental phenomena about rhythms in the CA1 field: the coupling of neurons to the phase of rhythms, cross-rhythm phase–phase coupling, and phase–amplitude coupling. Using computational experiments, we have proved the hypothesis that the descending phase of the theta rhythm in the CA1 field is formed by the input from the CA3 field via the Shaffer collaterals, and the ascending phase of the theta rhythm is formed by the IPSPs from CCK basket cells. The slow gamma rhythm is coupled to the descending phase of the theta rhythm, since it also depends on the arrival of the signal via the Shaffer collaterals. The middle gamma rhythm is formed by the EPSPs of the principal neurons of the third layer of the entorhinal cortex, corresponds to experimental data. We were able to unite in a single mathematical model several theoretical ideas about the mechanisms of rhythmic processes in the CA1 field of the hippocampus.
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21
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Nuñez A, Buño W. The Theta Rhythm of the Hippocampus: From Neuronal and Circuit Mechanisms to Behavior. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:649262. [PMID: 33746716 PMCID: PMC7970048 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.649262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the neuronal and circuit mechanisms involved in the generation of the theta (θ) rhythm and of its participation in behavior. Data have accumulated indicating that θ arises from interactions between medial septum-diagonal band of Broca (MS-DbB) and intra-hippocampal circuits. The intrinsic properties of MS-DbB and hippocampal neurons have also been shown to play a key role in θ generation. A growing number of studies suggest that θ may represent a timing mechanism to temporally organize movement sequences, memory encoding, or planned trajectories for spatial navigation. To accomplish those functions, θ and gamma (γ) oscillations interact during the awake state and REM sleep, which are considered to be critical for learning and memory processes. Further, we discuss that the loss of this interaction is at the base of various neurophatological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Nuñez
- Departamento de Anatomía, Histología y Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Washington Buño
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Lee CW, Wu HF, Chu MC, Chung YJ, Mao WC, Li CT, Lin HC. Mechanism of Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation in Synaptic Pathology in the Prefrontal Cortex in an Antidepressant-Resistant Depression Rat Model. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:575-590. [PMID: 32901273 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, is considered a potential therapy for treatment-resistant depression. The synaptic mechanism of iTBS has long been known to be an effective method to induce long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity in humans. However, there is limited evidence as to whether the antidepressant effect of iTBS is associated with change in synaptic function in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in preclinical study. Hence, we applied an antidepressant (i.e., fluoxetine)-resistant depression rat model induced by severe foot-shocks to investigate the antidepressant efficacy of iTBS in the synaptic pathology. The results showed that iTBS treatment improved not only the impaired LTP, but also the aberrant long-term depression in the PFC of antidepressant-resistant depression model rats. Moreover, the mechanism of LTP improvement by iTBS involved downstream molecules of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, while the mechanism of long-term depression improvement by iTBS involved downstream molecules of proBDNF. The aberrant spine morphology was also improved by iTBS treatment. This study demonstrated that the mechanism of the iTBS paradigm is complex and may regulate not only excitatory but also inhibitory synaptic effects in the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Lee
- Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Han-Fang Wu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Opteometry, Hsin-Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chia Chu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Jung Chung
- Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Mao
- Department of Psychiatry, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ta Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Lin
- Department and Institute of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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Li JY, Kuo TBJ, Hung CT, Yang CCH. Voluntary exercise enhances hippocampal theta rhythm and cognition in the rat. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:112916. [PMID: 32949643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regular exercise promotes learning and memory functions. Theta activity is known to relate to various cognitive functions. An increase in theta power may be related to higher cognitive functioning and learning functions. However, evidence is lacking to directly confirm that exercise training can increase the theta activity and promote various cognitive functions simultaneously. We hypothesize that long-term voluntary exercise increases the activity of hippocampal theta rhythm and enhances memory behavior. We used the voluntary wheel running model and a training period of 8 weeks. We started the training when the rats were 12 weeks old. Before and after intervention, we performed a 24 -h electrophysiological recording and 8-arm radial maze test to analyze the hippocampal theta rhythm in awake stage, and spatial memory functions. We discovered that middle to high range frequency (6.5-12 Hz) of theta power was increased after exercise intervention. In addition, the working memory error of 8-arm radial maze test in the exercise group decreased significantly after the 8 weeks of treatment, and these reductions were negatively correlated with hippocampal theta activity. Our results demonstrate that 8-weeks voluntary exercise increases both hippocampal theta amplitude and spatial memory in the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Li
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Tsen Hung
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Vas S, Casey JM, Schneider WT, Kalmar L, Morton AJ. Wake-Promoting and EEG Spectral Effects of Modafinil After Acute or Chronic Administration in the R6/2 Mouse Model of Huntington's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1075-1086. [PMID: 32297185 PMCID: PMC7609772 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00849-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is characterised by progressive symptoms including cognitive deficits and sleep/wake disturbances reflected in an abnormal electroencephalography (EEG). Modafinil, a wake-promoting and cognitive-enhancing drug, has been considered as a treatment for HD. We used HD (R6/2) mice to investigate the potential for using modafinil to treat sleep-wake disturbance in HD. R6/2 mice show sleep-wake and EEG changes similar to those seen in HD patients, with increased rapid eye movement sleep (REMS), decreased wakefulness/increased non-REMS (NREMS), and pathological changes in EEG spectra, particularly an increase in gamma power. We recorded EEG from R6/2 and wild-type mice treated with modafinil acutely (with single doses between 25 and 100 mg/kg; at 12 and 16 weeks of age), or chronically (64 mg/kg modafinil/day from 6 to 15 weeks). Acutely, modafinil increased wakefulness in R6/2 mice and restored NREMS to wild-type levels at 12 weeks. It also suppressed the pathologically increased REMS. This was accompanied by decreased delta power, increased peak frequency of theta, and increased gamma power. At 16 weeks, acute modafinil also restored wakefulness and NREMS to wild-type levels. However, whilst REMS decreased, it did not return to normal levels. By contrast, in the chronic treatment group, modafinil-induced wakefulness was maintained at 15 weeks (after 9 weeks of treatment). Interestingly, chronic modafinil also caused widespread suppression of power across the EEG spectra, including a reduction in gamma that increases pathologically in R6/2 mice. The complex EEG effects of modafinil in R6/2 mice should provide a baseline for further studies to investigate the translatability of these result to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Vas
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Jackie M Casey
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Will T Schneider
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK
| | - Lajos Kalmar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - A Jennifer Morton
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK.
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25
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Herweg NA, Solomon EA, Kahana MJ. Theta Oscillations in Human Memory. Trends Cogn Sci 2020; 24:208-227. [PMID: 32029359 PMCID: PMC8310425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Theta frequency (4-8 Hz) fluctuations of the local field potential have long been implicated in learning and memory. Human studies of episodic memory, however, have provided mixed evidence for theta's role in successful learning and remembering. Re-evaluating these conflicting findings leads us to conclude that: (i) successful memory is associated both with increased narrow-band theta oscillations and a broad-band tilt of the power spectrum; (ii) theta oscillations specifically support associative memory, whereas the spectral tilt reflects a general index of activation; and (iii) different cognitive contrasts (generalized versus specific to memory), recording techniques (invasive versus noninvasive), and referencing schemes (local versus global) alter the balance between the two phenomena to make one or the other more easily detectable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora A Herweg
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ethan A Solomon
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Kahana
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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26
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Hernández-Pérez JJ, Cooper KW, Newman EL. Medial entorhinal cortex activates in a traveling wave in the rat. eLife 2020; 9:52289. [PMID: 32057292 PMCID: PMC7046467 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traveling waves are hypothesized to support the long-range coordination of anatomically distributed circuits. Whether separate strongly interacting circuits exhibit traveling waves remains unknown. The hippocampus exhibits traveling ‘theta’ waves and interacts strongly with the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). To determine whether the MEC also activates in a traveling wave, we performed extracellular recordings of local field potentials (LFP) and multi-unit activity along the MEC. These recordings revealed progressive phase shifts in activity, indicating that the MEC also activates in a traveling wave. Variation in theta waveform along the region, generated by gradients in local physiology, contributed to the observed phase shifts. Removing waveform-related phase shifts left significant residual phase shifts. The residual phase shifts covaried with theta frequency in a manner consistent with those generated by weakly coupled oscillators. These results show that the coordination of anatomically distributed circuits could be enabled by traveling waves but reveal heterogeneity in the mechanisms generating those waves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jesús Hernández-Pérez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States
| | - Keiland W Cooper
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States
| | - Ehren L Newman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States
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27
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Kang L, DeWeese MR. Replay as wavefronts and theta sequences as bump oscillations in a grid cell attractor network. eLife 2019; 8:46351. [PMID: 31736462 PMCID: PMC6901334 DOI: 10.7554/elife.46351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Grid cells fire in sequences that represent rapid trajectories in space. During locomotion, theta sequences encode sweeps in position starting slightly behind the animal and ending ahead of it. During quiescence and slow wave sleep, bouts of synchronized activity represent long trajectories called replays, which are well-established in place cells and have been recently reported in grid cells. Theta sequences and replay are hypothesized to facilitate many cognitive functions, but their underlying mechanisms are unknown. One mechanism proposed for grid cell formation is the continuous attractor network. We demonstrate that this established architecture naturally produces theta sequences and replay as distinct consequences of modulating external input. Driving inhibitory interneurons at the theta frequency causes attractor bumps to oscillate in speed and size, which gives rise to theta sequences and phase precession, respectively. Decreasing input drive to all neurons produces traveling wavefronts of activity that are decoded as replays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Kang
- Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Michael R DeWeese
- Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.,Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
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28
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Mysin IE, Kitchigina VF, Kazanovich YB. Phase relations of theta oscillations in a computer model of the hippocampal CA1 field: Key role of Schaffer collaterals. Neural Netw 2019; 116:119-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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29
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Wang Q, Tian S, Tang H, Liu X, Yan R, Hua L, Shi J, Chen Y, Zhu R, Lu Q, Yao Z. Identification of major depressive disorder and prediction of treatment response using functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortices and subgenual anterior cingulate: A real-world study. J Affect Disord 2019; 252:365-372. [PMID: 30999093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with a heavy disease burden due to the difficulty in diagnosing the disorder and the uncertainty of treatment outcomes. Previous studies have demonstrated the value of functional connectivity (FC) between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) in the identification of MDD and the prediction of antidepressant efficacy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether FC is helpful in discriminating patients from healthy controls and in predicting treatment outcome. METHODS Seventy-six medication-free patients with MDD and 28 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and the Hamilton Rating Score for Depression (HRSD-17) were administered at baseline. Then, the HRSD-17 was assessed weekly until each patient met the remission criteria, defined as a total HRSD-17 score ≤ 7. Time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between FC and the incidence of remission. RESULTS Healthy controls and MDD patients had opposite FC patterns; this may be helpful for identifying MDD (AUC = 0.8, p < 0.001, sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 67.9%). Alpha connectivity between the DLPFC and sgACC (HR 1.858, 95%CI 1.013-3.408, p = 0.045) was found to be an independent factor associated with better final antidepressant outcome. LIMITATIONS This study was conducted in a small sample of subjects. Further, the direction of regulation between the DLPFC and sgACC was not considered. CONCLUSIONS FC may help identify depression and may be related to the severity of depressive symptoms and predict the efficacy of antidepressant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Shui Tian
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lingling Hua
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jiabo Shi
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Rongxin Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Zhijian Yao
- Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China; Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
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30
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Haidar M, Tin K, Zhang C, Nategh M, Covita J, Wykes AD, Rogers J, Gundlach AL. Septal GABA and Glutamate Neurons Express RXFP3 mRNA and Depletion of Septal RXFP3 Impaired Spatial Search Strategy and Long-Term Reference Memory in Adult Mice. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:30. [PMID: 30906254 PMCID: PMC6419585 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Relaxin-3 is a highly conserved neuropeptide abundantly expressed in neurons of the nucleus incertus (NI), which project to nodes of the septohippocampal system (SHS) including the medial septum/diagonal band of Broca (MS/DB) and dorsal hippocampus, as well as to limbic circuits. High densities of the Gi/o-protein-coupled receptor for relaxin-3, known as relaxin-family peptide-3 receptor (RXFP3) are expressed throughout the SHS, further suggesting a role for relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in modulating learning and memory processes that occur within these networks. Therefore, this study sought to gain further anatomical and functional insights into relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in the mouse MS/DB. Using Cre/LoxP recombination methods, we assessed locomotion, exploratory behavior, and spatial learning and long-term reference memory in adult C57BL/6J Rxfp3 loxP/loxP mice with targeted depletion of Rxfp3 in the MS/DB. Following prior injection of an AAV(1/2)-Cre-IRES-eGFP vector into the MS/DB to delete/deplete Rxfp3 mRNA/RXFP3 protein, mice tested in a Morris water maze (MWM) displayed an impairment in allocentric spatial learning during acquisition, as well as an impairment in long-term reference memory on probe day. However, RXFP3-depleted and control mice displayed similar motor activity in a locomotor cell and exploratory behavior in a large open-field (LOF) test. A quantitative characterization using multiplex, fluorescent in situ hybridization (ISH) identified a high level of co-localization of Rxfp3 mRNA and vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) mRNA in MS and DB neurons (~87% and ~95% co-expression, respectively). Rxfp3 mRNA was also detected, to a correspondingly lesser extent, in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGlut2) mRNA-containing neurons in MS and DB (~13% and ~5% co-expression, respectively). Similarly, a qualitative assessment of the MS/DB region, identified Rxfp3 mRNA in neurons that expressed parvalbumin (PV) mRNA (reflecting hippocampally-projecting GABA neurons), whereas choline acetyltransferase mRNA-positive (acetylcholine) neurons lacked Rxfp3 mRNA. These data are consistent with a qualitative immunohistochemical analysis that revealed relaxin-3-immunoreactive nerve fibers in close apposition with PV-immunoreactive neurons in the MS/DB. Together these studies suggest relaxin-3/RXFP3 signaling in the MS/DB plays a role in modulating specific learning and long-term memory associated behaviors in adult mice via effects on GABAergic neuron populations known for their involvement in modulating hippocampal theta rhythm and associated cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Haidar
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kimberly Tin
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cary Zhang
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohsen Nategh
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - João Covita
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexander D. Wykes
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jake Rogers
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew L. Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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31
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Neurotransmitters are released in brain areas according to ultradian rhythms: Coincidence with ultradian oscillations of EEG waves. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 96:66-72. [PMID: 30576780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Use of the push-pull superfusing technique has shown that in the brain the release rates of endogenous catecholamines, GABA, glutamate and histamine are not constant but fluctuate temporally according to ultradian rhythms. Rhythmic fluctuations have been found in the posterior and anterior hypothalamus, the locus coeruleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract, the mammillary body and the medial amygdaloid nucleus of cats and rats. Similar fluctuations appear in the nitric oxide signal registered in the nucleus accumbens, as well as in the power of delta and theta waves of the EEG in the posterior hypothalamus. The EEG rhythmic fluctuations are generated in the arcuate nucleus because they disappear after its electrocoagulation. The frequency of the EEG fluctuations is increased, decreased or even abolished when catecholamine or histamine receptor agonists and antagonists are centrally applied showing that the EEG ultradian rhythm is controlled by catecholaminergic and histaminergic neurons. Moreover, the rhythmic fluctuations of delta and theta waves corelate negatively with those of histamine in the rat posterior hypothalamus. The possible role of these rhythmic fluctuations is discussed. Their potential importance for pharmacotherapy is still unknown.
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32
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Bondar A, Shubina L. Nonlinear reactions of limbic structure electrical activity in response to rhythmical photostimulation in guinea pigs. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:73-82. [PMID: 30347262 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Photostimulation of the visual analyzer with a periodic signal is widely used in research and clinical practice, as well as in brain-computer interface technologies. In most studies of rhythmic photostimulation in structures of visual system at all its levels, the nonlinear nature of the response reactions is noted. However, the mechanism of formation of the induced electrophysiological reactions remains unclear. In addition, there is no literature data on the nature of response reactions of "non-visual" brain structures. The goal of the present study was to investigate the peculiarities and dynamics of the electrophysiological response of the limbic system to rhythmic photostimulation and analize the dynamics of harmonic components in the response spectra. We investigated the electrical activity of the guinea pig limbic system in response to photostimulation with a 10 Hz sinusoidal signal. Local field potentials were recorded simultaneously from the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, medial septum and amygdala. Similar to the visual system structures, we have shown that response reactions in the limbic system had a pronounced nonlinear character, consisting in the presence of the stimulation frequency harmonics in the local field potential spectra. The correlation analysis of the dynamics of the harmonics' amplitudes did not reveal reliable relationships between them. The dynamics of the phase difference between the stimulus and individual harmonics varied in time, following different logic. Based on the results of the present work, we propose that the harmonics reveal independent processes having a different functional purpose and the nervous system operates with these harmonics independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandr Bondar
- Department of Reception Mechanisms, Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russian Federation.
| | - Liubov Shubina
- Laboratory of Systemic organization of Neurons, Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Str., Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russian Federation.
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33
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Effects of prefrontal theta-burst stimulation on brain function in treatment-resistant depression: A randomized sham-controlled neuroimaging study. Brain Stimul 2018; 11:1054-1062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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34
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Acute and chronic escitalopram alter EEG gamma oscillations differently: relevance to therapeutic effects. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:347-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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35
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Korotkova T, Ponomarenko A, Monaghan CK, Poulter SL, Cacucci F, Wills T, Hasselmo ME, Lever C. Reconciling the different faces of hippocampal theta: The role of theta oscillations in cognitive, emotional and innate behaviors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 85:65-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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36
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Albert-Gascó H, Ma S, Ros-Bernal F, Sánchez-Pérez AM, Gundlach AL, Olucha-Bordonau FE. GABAergic Neurons in the Rat Medial Septal Complex Express Relaxin-3 Receptor (RXFP3) mRNA. Front Neuroanat 2018; 11:133. [PMID: 29403361 PMCID: PMC5777284 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial septum (MS) complex modulates hippocampal function and related behaviors. Septohippocampal projections promote and control different forms of hippocampal synchronization. Specifically, GABAergic and cholinergic projections targeting the hippocampal formation from the MS provide bursting discharges to promote theta rhythm, or tonic activity to promote gamma oscillations. In turn, the MS is targeted by ascending projections from the hypothalamus and brainstem. One of these projections arises from the nucleus incertus in the pontine tegmentum, which contains GABA neurons that co-express the neuropeptide relaxin-3 (Rln3). Both stimulation of the nucleus incertus and septal infusion of Rln3 receptor agonist peptides promotes hippocampal theta rhythm. The Gi/o-protein-coupled receptor, relaxin-family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3), is the cognate receptor for Rln3 and identification of the transmitter phenotype of neurons expressing RXFP3 in the septohippocampal system can provide further insights into the role of Rln3 transmission in the promotion of septohippocampal theta rhythm. Therefore, we used RNAscope multiplex in situ hybridization to characterize the septal neurons expressing Rxfp3 mRNA in the rat. Our results demonstrate that Rxfp3 mRNA is abundantly expressed in vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) mRNA- and parvalbumin (PV) mRNA-positive GABA neurons in MS, whereas ChAT mRNA-positive acetylcholine neurons lack Rxfp3 mRNA. Approximately 75% of Rxfp3 mRNA-positive neurons expressed vGAT mRNA (and 22% were PV mRNA-positive), while the remaining 25% expressed Rxfp3 mRNA only, consistent with a potential glutamatergic phenotype. Similar proportions were observed in the posterior septum. The occurrence of RXFP3 in PV-positive GABAergic neurons gives support to a role for the Rln3-RXFP3 system in septohippocampal theta rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Albert-Gascó
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sherie Ma
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francisco Ros-Bernal
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana M Sánchez-Pérez
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Andrew L Gundlach
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Francisco E Olucha-Bordonau
- Unitat Predepartamental de Medicina, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
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Tsanov M. Differential and complementary roles of medial and lateral septum in the orchestration of limbic oscillations and signal integration. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 48:2783-2794. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Tsanov
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin 2 Ireland
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38
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Coulon P, Landisman CE. The Potential Role of Gap Junctional Plasticity in the Regulation of State. Neuron 2017; 93:1275-1295. [PMID: 28334604 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrical synapses are the functional correlate of gap junctions and allow transmission of small molecules and electrical current between coupled neurons. Instead of static pores, electrical synapses are actually plastic, similar to chemical synapses. In the thalamocortical system, gap junctions couple inhibitory neurons that are similar in their biochemical profile, morphology, and electrophysiological properties. We postulate that electrical synaptic plasticity among inhibitory neurons directly interacts with the switching between different firing patterns in a state-dependent and type-dependent manner. In neuronal networks, electrical synapses may function as a modifiable resonance feedback system that enables stable oscillations. Furthermore, the plasticity of electrical synapses may play an important role in regulation of state, synchrony, and rhythmogenesis in the mammalian thalamocortical system, similar to chemical synaptic plasticity. Based on their plasticity, rich diversity, and specificity, electrical synapses are thus likely to participate in the control of consciousness and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Coulon
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
| | - Carole E Landisman
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
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39
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Tsanov M. Speed and Oscillations: Medial Septum Integration of Attention and Navigation. Front Syst Neurosci 2017; 11:67. [PMID: 28979196 PMCID: PMC5611363 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2017.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several cortical and diencephalic limbic brain regions incorporate neurons that fire in correlation with the speed of whole-body motion, also known as linear velocity. Besides the field mapping and head-directional information, the linear velocity is among the major signals that guide animal’s spatial navigation. Large neuronal populations in the same limbic regions oscillate with theta rhythm during spatial navigation or attention episodes; and the frequency of theta also correlates with linear velocity. A functional similarity between these brain areas is that their inactivation impairs the ability to form new spatial memories; whereas an anatomical similarity is that they all receive projections from medial septum-diagonal band of Broca complex. We review recent findings supporting the model that septal theta rhythm integrates different sensorimotor signals necessary for spatial navigation. The medial septal is described here as a circuitry that mediates experience-dependent balance of sustained attention and path integration during navigation. We discuss the hypothesis that theta rhythm serves as a key mechanism for the aligning of intrinsic spatial representation to: (1) rapid change of position in the spatial environment; (2) continuous alteration of sensory signals throughout navigation; and (3) adapting levels of attentional behavior. The synchronization of these spatial, somatosensory and neuromodulatory signals is proposed here to be anatomically and physiologically mediated by the medial septum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Tsanov
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College DublinDublin, Ireland
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40
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Alves ND, Patrício P, Correia JS, Mateus-Pinheiro A, Machado-Santos AR, Loureiro-Campos E, Morais M, Bessa JM, Sousa N, Pinto L. Chronic stress targets adult neurogenesis preferentially in the suprapyramidal blade of the rat dorsal dentate gyrus. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:415-428. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Hummos A, Nair SS. An integrative model of the intrinsic hippocampal theta rhythm. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182648. [PMID: 28787026 PMCID: PMC5546630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal theta oscillations (4–12 Hz) are consistently recorded during memory tasks and spatial navigation. Despite several known circuits and structures that generate hippocampal theta locally in vitro, none of them were found to be critical in vivo, and the hippocampal theta rhythm is severely attenuated by disruption of external input from medial septum or entorhinal cortex. We investigated these discrepancies that question the sufficiency and robustness of hippocampal theta generation using a biophysical spiking network model of the CA3 region of the hippocampus that included an interconnected network of pyramidal cells, inhibitory basket cells (BC) and oriens-lacunosum moleculare (OLM) cells. The model was developed by matching biological data characterizing neuronal firing patterns, synaptic dynamics, short-term synaptic plasticity, neuromodulatory inputs, and the three-dimensional organization of the hippocampus. The model generated theta power robustly through five cooperating generators: spiking oscillations of pyramidal cells, recurrent connections between them, slow-firing interneurons and pyramidal cells subnetwork, the fast-spiking interneurons and pyramidal cells subnetwork, and non-rhythmic structured external input from entorhinal cortex to CA3. We used the modeling framework to quantify the relative contributions of each of these generators to theta power, across different cholinergic states. The largest contribution to theta power was that of the divergent input from the entorhinal cortex to CA3, despite being constrained to random Poisson activity. We found that the low cholinergic states engaged the recurrent connections in generating theta activity, whereas high cholinergic states utilized the OLM-pyramidal subnetwork. These findings revealed that theta might be generated differently across cholinergic states, and demonstrated a direct link between specific theta generators and neuromodulatory states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hummos
- Department of Health Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Satish S. Nair
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li S, Xu J, Chen G, Lin L, Zhou D, Cai D. The characterization of hippocampal theta-driving neurons - a time-delayed mutual information approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5637. [PMID: 28717183 PMCID: PMC5514076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05527-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interneurons are important for computation in the brain, in particular, in the information processing involving the generation of theta oscillations in the hippocampus. Yet the functional role of interneurons in the theta generation remains to be elucidated. Here we use time-delayed mutual information to investigate information flow related to a special class of interneurons—theta-driving neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of the mouse—to characterize the interactions between theta-driving neurons and theta oscillations. For freely behaving mice, our results show that information flows from the activity of theta-driving neurons to the theta wave, and the firing activity of theta-driving neurons shares a substantial amount of information with the theta wave regardless of behavioral states. Via realistic simulations of a CA1 pyramidal neuron, we further demonstrate that theta-driving neurons possess the characteristics of the cholecystokinin-expressing basket cells (CCK-BC). Our results suggest that it is important to take into account the role of CCK-BC in the generation and information processing of theta oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songting Li
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jiamin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifen Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longnian Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education), School of Life Science and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Douglas Zhou
- School of Mathematical Sciences, MOE-LSC, and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - David Cai
- Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States of America. .,School of Mathematical Sciences, MOE-LSC, and Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .,NYUAD Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Chen L, Serdyuk T, Yang B, Wang S, Chen S, Chu X, Zhang X, Song J, Bao H, Zhou C, Wang X, Dong S, Song L, Chen F, He G, He L, Zhou Y, Li W. Abnormal circadian oscillation of hippocampal MAPK activity and power spectrums in NF1 mutant mice. Mol Brain 2017; 10:29. [PMID: 28673309 PMCID: PMC5496334 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have implied that the circadian oscillation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal pathways is crucial for hippocampus-dependent memory. NF1 mouse models (Nf1 heterozygous null mutants; Nf1 +/-) displayed enhanced MAPK activity in the hippocampus and resulted in memory deficits. We assumed a link between MAPK pathways and hippocampal rhythmic oscillations, which have never been explored in Nf1 +/- mice. We demonstrated that the level of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in Nf1 +/- mice were significantly higher at nighttime than at daytime. Moreover, the in vivo recording revealed that for the Nf1 +/- group, the power spectral density of theta rhythm significantly decreased and the firing rates of pyramidal neurons increased. Our results indicated that the hippocampal MAPK oscillation and theta rhythmic oscillations in Nf1 +/- mice were disturbed and hinted about a possible mechanism for the brain dysfunction in Nf1 +/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Tatiana Serdyuk
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Beimeng Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shiqing Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xixia Chu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jinjing Song
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Hechen Bao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Chengbin Zhou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shuangle Dong
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Lulu Song
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Fujun Chen
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Guang He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Lin He
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Weidong Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, and Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 China
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Lima LB, Bueno D, Leite F, Souza S, Gonçalves L, Furigo IC, Donato J, Metzger M. Afferent and efferent connections of the interpeduncular nucleus with special reference to circuits involving the habenula and raphe nuclei. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:2411-2442. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro B. Lima
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Debora Bueno
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Fernanda Leite
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Stefani Souza
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luciano Gonçalves
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Isadora C. Furigo
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Martin Metzger
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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Shubina L, Aliev R, Kitchigina V. Endocannabinoid-dependent protection against kainic acid-induced long-term alteration of brain oscillations in guinea pigs. Brain Res 2017; 1661:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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46
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Gutiérrez-Guzmán BE, Hernández-Pérez JJ, Olvera-Cortés ME. Serotonergic modulation of septo-hippocampal and septo-mammillary theta activity during spatial learning, in the rat. Behav Brain Res 2017; 319:73-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Giovannini F, Knauer B, Yoshida M, Buhry L. The CAN-In network: A biologically inspired model for self-sustained theta oscillations and memory maintenance in the hippocampus. Hippocampus 2017; 27:450-463. [PMID: 28052448 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
During working memory tasks, the hippocampus exhibits synchronous theta-band activity, which is thought to be correlated with the short-term memory maintenance of salient stimuli. Recent studies indicate that the hippocampus contains the necessary circuitry allowing it to generate and sustain theta oscillations without the need of extrinsic drive. However, the cellular and network mechanisms supporting synchronous rhythmic activity are far from being fully understood. Based on electrophysiological recordings from hippocampal pyramidal CA1 cells, we present a possible mechanism for the maintenance of such rhythmic theta-band activity in the isolated hippocampus. Our model network, based on the Hodgkin-Huxley formalism, comprising pyramidal neurons equipped with calcium-activated nonspecific cationic (CAN) ion channels, is able to generate and sustain synchronized theta oscillations (4-12 Hz), following a transient stimulation. The synchronous network activity is maintained by an intrinsic CAN current (ICAN ), in the absence of constant external input. When connecting the pyramidal-CAN network to fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons, the dynamics of the model reveal that feedback inhibition improves the robustness of fast theta oscillations, by tightening the synchronization of the pyramidal CAN neurons. The frequency and power of the theta oscillations are both modulated by the intensity of the ICAN , which allows for a wide range of oscillation rates within the theta band. This biologically plausible mechanism for the maintenance of synchronous theta oscillations in the hippocampus aims at extending the traditional models of septum-driven hippocampal rhythmic activity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giovannini
- Neurosys Team, INRIA CR Nancy Grand Est, Villers-lès-Nancy, France.,Neurosys Team, CNRS, LORIA UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, LORIA UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Beate Knauer
- Research School, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Motoharu Yoshida
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN) and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laure Buhry
- Neurosys Team, INRIA CR Nancy Grand Est, Villers-lès-Nancy, France.,Neurosys Team, CNRS, LORIA UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, LORIA UMR 7503, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Martínez-Bellver S, Cervera-Ferri A, Luque-García A, Martínez-Ricós J, Valverde-Navarro A, Bataller M, Guerrero J, Teruel-Marti V. Causal relationships between neurons of the nucleus incertus and the hippocampal theta activity in the rat. J Physiol 2017; 595:1775-1792. [PMID: 27880004 DOI: 10.1113/jp272841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The nucleus incertus is a key node of the brainstem circuitry involved in hippocampal theta rhythmicity. Synchronisation exists between the nucleus incertus and hippocampal activities during theta periods. By the Granger causality analysis, we demonstrated a directional information flow between theta rhythmical neurons in the nucleus incertus and the hippocampus in theta-on states. The electrical stimulation of the nucleus incertus is also able to evoke a phase reset of the hippocampal theta wave. Our data suggest that the nucleus incertus is a key node of theta generation and the modulation network. ABSTRACT In recent years, a body of evidence has shown that the nucleus incertus (NI), in the dorsal tegmental pons, is a key node of the brainstem circuitry involved in hippocampal theta rhythmicity. Ascending reticular brainstem system activation evokes hippocampal theta rhythm with coupled neuronal activity in the NI. In a recent paper, we showed three populations of neurons in the NI with differential firing during hippocampal theta activation. The objective of this work was to better evaluate the causal relationship between the activity of NI neurons and the hippocampus during theta activation in order to further understand the role of the NI in the theta network. A Granger causality analysis was run to determine whether hippocampal theta activity with sensory-evoked theta depends on the neuronal activity of the NI, or vice versa. The analysis showed causal interdependence between the NI and the hippocampus during theta activity, whose directional flow depended on the different neuronal assemblies of the NI. Whereas type I and II NI neurons mainly acted as receptors of hippocampal information, type III neuronal activity was the predominant source of flow between the NI and the hippocampus in theta states. We further determined that the electrical activation of the NI was able to reset hippocampal waves with enhanced theta-band power, depending on the septal area. Collectively, these data suggest that hippocampal theta oscillations after sensory activation show dependence on NI neuron activity, which could play a key role in establishing optimal conditions for memory encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martínez-Bellver
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Cervera-Ferri
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Aina Luque-García
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joana Martínez-Ricós
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Valverde-Navarro
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Bataller
- Digital Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Engineering, University of Valencia, Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Juan Guerrero
- Digital Signal Processing Group, Department of Electronics and Engineering, University of Valencia, Burjassot (Valencia), Spain
| | - Vicent Teruel-Marti
- Neuronal Circuits Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Li JY, Kuo TB, Yang CC. Aged rats show dominant modulation of lower frequency hippocampal theta rhythm during running. Exp Gerontol 2016; 83:63-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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50
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Acute Exposure to Pacific Ciguatoxin Reduces Electroencephalogram Activity and Disrupts Neurotransmitter Metabolic Pathways in Motor Cortex. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5590-5603. [PMID: 27613284 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0093-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a common human food poisoning caused by consumption of ciguatoxin (CTX)-contaminated fish affecting over 50,000 people worldwide each year. CTXs are classified depending on their origin from the Pacific (P-CTXs), Indian Ocean (I-CTXs), and Caribbean (C-CTXs). P-CTX-1 is the most toxic CTX known and the major source of CFP causing an array of neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms in some CFP patients last for several months or years; however, the underlying electrophysiological properties of acute exposure to CTXs remain unknown. Here, we used CTX purified from ciguatera fish sourced in the Pacific Ocean (P-CTX-1). Delta and theta electroencephalography (EEG) activity was reduced remarkably in 2 h and returned to normal in 6 h after a single exposure. However, second exposure to P-CTX-1 induced not only a further reduction in EEG activities but also a 2-week delay in returning to baseline EEG values. Ciguatoxicity was detected in the brain hours after the first and second exposure by mouse neuroblastoma assay. The spontaneous firing rate of single motor cortex neuron was reduced significantly measured by single-unit recording with high spatial resolution. Expression profile study of neurotransmitters using targeted profiling approach based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the motor cortex. Our study provides a possible link between the brain oscillations and neurotransmitter release after acute exposure to P-CTX-1. Identification of EEG signatures and major metabolic pathways affected by P-CTX-1 provides new insight into potential biomarker development and therapeutic interventions.
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