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Association of LPS chemotype of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica A1 with disease virulence in a model of ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519030090010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Host responses during pneumonic pasteurellosis were compared in sheep infected with strains of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica A1 differing in their O-antigen type. Nine-week-old, specific pathogen-free lambs were infected intratracheally with parainfluenza type 3 virus (108 TCID50) followed 7 days later by 5—6 . 107 CFU of M. haemolytica A1 possessing rough (group R, 6 lambs) or smooth (group S, 6 lambs) lipopolysaccharide, or saline (group C, 4 lambs). Group C lambs remained afebrile with no evidence of endotoxaemia or bacteraemia and biochemical parameters were normal. Group R and group S lambs became febrile within 2—3 h postinfection and the response was higher and more prolonged in group R lambs. Four group R and 2 group S lambs developed clinical pneumonic pasteurellosis within 24—48 h and the severity of disease correlated with episodes of endotoxaemia, bacteraemia and elevated eicosanoid concentrations. At postmortem, M. haemolytica (107—109 CFU/g) was isolated from the lungs of all 6 group R lambs but from only 1 group S lamb. The results indicate an association between the incidence and severity of ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis and LPS chemotype and suggest an important role for LPS chemotype in determining host-species susceptibility to lung infection.
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Zheng T, Gupta SK, McCarthy AR, Moffat J, Buddle BM. Cross-protection study of a Mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1 vaccine against acute pasteurellosis in lambs induced by a serotype 2 strain. Vet Microbiol 2015; 177:386-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hodgins DC, Chattha K, Vlasova A, Parreño V, Corbeil LB, Renukaradhya GJ, Saif LJ. Mucosal Veterinary Vaccines. Mucosal Immunol 2015. [PMCID: PMC7149859 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Briggs RE, Tabatabai LB, Tatum FM. Mucosal and parenteral vaccination against pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle with a modified-live in-frame lktA deletion mutant of Mannheimia haemolytica. Microb Pathog 2012; 52:302-9. [PMID: 22401911 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A new temperature-conditional shuttle vector, pBB80C, was constructed and utilized to generate an in-frame deletion in the leukotoxin structural gene of Mannheimia haemolytica serotype 1. Culture supernatants from the mutant contained no detectable cytotoxicity to BL-3 lymphocyte targets, and contained a new protein with an approximate molecular weight of 66 kDa which was reactive to anti-leukotoxin monoclonal antibody. No protein reactive to anti-LktA monoclonal antibody was detected at the molecular weight 100-105 kDa of native LktA. Calves vaccinated mucosally by top-dressing the live mutant onto feed, or parenterally by subcutaneous injection, were resistant to virulent challenge with the parent strain. Serologic antibody response, reduction in lung lesion, and reduction in pulmonary infectious load were greater among calves mucosally vaccinated than those which were vaccinated by injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Briggs
- National Animal Disease Center, US Department of Agriculture, 1920 Dayton Avenue, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
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Makoschey B, Ramage C, Reddick D, Fraser S, Donachie W. Colostrum from cattle immunized with a vaccine based on iron regulated proteins of Mannheimia haemolytica confers partial protection. Vaccine 2012; 30:969-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Comparison of passively transferred antibodies in bighorn and domestic lambs reveals one factor in differential susceptibility of these species to Mannheimia haemolytica-induced pneumonia. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 18:1133-8. [PMID: 21613459 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00044-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mannheimia haemolytica consistently causes fatal bronchopneumonia in bighorn sheep (BHS; Ovis canadensis) under natural and experimental conditions. Leukotoxin is the primary virulence factor of this organism. BHS are more susceptible to developing fatal pneumonia than the related species Ovis aries (domestic sheep [DS]). In BHS herds affected by pneumonia, lamb recruitment is severely impaired for years subsequent to an outbreak. We hypothesized that a lack of maternally derived antibodies (Abs) against M. haemolytica provides an immunologic basis for enhanced susceptibility of BH lambs to population-limiting pneumonia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the titers of Abs directed against M. haemolytica in the sera of BH and domestic lambs at birth through 12 weeks of age. Results revealed that BH lambs had approximately 18-fold lower titers of Ab against surface antigens of M. haemolytica and approximately 20-fold lower titers of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs than domestic lambs. The titers of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs in the serum and colostrum samples of BH ewes were approximately 157- and 50-fold lower than those for domestic ewes, respectively. Comparatively, the higher titers of parainfluenza 3 virus-neutralizing Abs in the BH lambs ruled out the possibility that these BHS had an impaired ability to passively transfer Abs to their lambs. These results suggest that lower levels of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs in the sera of BH ewes, and resultant low Ab titers in their lambs, may be a critical factor in the poor lamb recruitment in herds affected by pneumonia.
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Hodgson JC. Endotoxin and Mammalian Host Responses During Experimental Disease. J Comp Pathol 2006; 135:157-75. [PMID: 17101336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2006.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 09/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxin is an integral component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and a prime example of unique and highly conserved bacterial surface molecules that engage with the innate immune system of the mammalian host via pattern recognition receptors on a range of host cells. The results of this interaction, which may be beneficial or detrimental to the development and welfare of the host, are reviewed, focusing on the different sensitivities and consequences in a range of hosts of experimental exposure to endotoxin, the disease outcomes and recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Hodgson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0PZ, UK.
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8
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Vaccination studies of lambs against experimental Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica infection. Small Rumin Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Logan SM, Chen W, Aubry A, Gidney MAJ, Lacelle S, St Michael F, Kuolee R, Higgins M, Neufeld S, Cox AD. Production of a d-glycero-d-manno-heptosyltransferase mutant of Mannheimia haemolytica displaying a veterinary pathogen specific conserved LPS structure; development and functionality of antibodies to this LPS structure. Vet Microbiol 2006; 116:175-86. [PMID: 16750602 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2006] [Revised: 04/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Previous structural studies of the lipopolysaccharides from the veterinary pathogens Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (Ap) and Pasteurella multocida (Pm) had identified a conserved inner core oligosaccharide structure that was present in all strains investigated. In order to examine the potential of this inner core structure as a vaccine, a mutagenesis strategy was adopted to interrupt a D-glycero-D-manno-heptosyltransferase gene (losB) of Mh. This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for the addition of a D-glycero-D-manno-heptose residue, the first residue beyond the conserved inner core, and its inactivation exposed the conserved inner core structure as a terminal unit on the mutant LPS molecule. Subsequent analyses confirmed the targeted structure of the mutant LPS had been obtained, and complementation with losB in trans confirmed that the losB gene encodes an alpha-1,6-D-glycero-D-manno-heptosyltransferase. Monoclonal antibodies raised in mice to this LPS structure were found to recognise LPS and whole-cells of the truncated mutant and wild-type Mh. The antibodies were bactericidal against a wild-type Mh strain and were able to passively protect mice in a model of Mh disease. This illustrates that it is possible to raise functional antibodies against the conserved inner core LPS structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Logan
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1A 0R6
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Kutzler MA, Bildfell RJ, Gardner-Graff KK, Baker RJ, Delay JP, Mattson DE. West Nile virus infection in two alpacas. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005; 225:921-4, 880. [PMID: 15485054 DOI: 10.2460/javma.2004.225.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A male alpaca acutely developed signs of anorexia and fever. Within 2 days, neurologic signs (head tremors and asymmetric ataxia) developed. West Nile virus (WNV) infection was considered a primary differential diagnosis on the basis of 6 previous cases on nearby alpaca farms on which animals had similar clinical signs. Four days after the male alpaca became ill, a female alpaca from the same farm developed similar neurologic signs. In addition to anti-inflammatory and supportive treatments, both alpacas received a transfusion of llama plasma with antibodies against WNV Seven days after the onset of clinical signs, the female alpaca had made a full recovery; however, the more severely affected male died. West Nile virus infection was confirmed post mortem by use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay and immunohistochemical staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Kutzler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Al-Tarazi Y. The efficacy of an experimental Pasteurella hemolytica vaccine as measured by sero-conversion in Awassi lambs in Jordan. Small Rumin Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(02)00101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Hodgson JC, Barclay GR, Hay LA, Moon GM, Poxton IR. Prophylactic use of human endotoxin-core hyperimmune gammaglobulin to prevent endotoxaemia in colostrum-deprived, gnotobiotic lambs challenged orally with Escherichia coli. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1995; 11:171-80. [PMID: 7581268 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.1995.tb00114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of human IgG polyclonal antibody to endotoxin-core in preventing endotoxaemia and subsequent disease was studied in colostrum-deprived gnotobiotic lambs challenged orally at about 5 h old with 10(9) cfu Escherichia coli. Human endotoxin-core hyperimmune gammaglobulin was given intravenously to 5 lambs at 1.9 g IgG/kg bodyweight prior to challenge. Human albumin was given intravenously to 3 control lambs. Bacteraemia was observed in all lambs, but the incidence was lower (P < 0.01) and the onset later (P < 0.05) in gammaglobulin pre-treated lambs. These lambs showed no signs of disease, whereas clinical endotoxaemia, manifesting as watery mouth disease, was diagnosed in 2 of the 3 control lambs which were killed between 18 and 22 h after challenge. Thus, prophylactic treatment of colostrum-deprived lambs with human IgG enriched in endotoxin-core antibodies was effective in reducing the degree of bacteraemia and preventing endotoxaemia, leukopenia and clinical disease following oral challenge with E. coli.
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Porter JF, Connor K, Krueger N, Hodgson JC, Donachie W. Predisposition of specific pathogen-free lambs to Pasteurella haemolytica pneumonia by Bordetella parapertussis infection. J Comp Pathol 1995; 112:381-9. [PMID: 7593760 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9975(05)80019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Three groups of specific pathogen-free (SPF) lambs were inoculated intratracheally with an ovine isolate of Bordetella parapertussis (5.5 x 10(9) colony-forming units) or with B. parapertussis followed 2 or 5 days later with Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A2 (120-180 million colony-forming units). When P. haemolytica A2 was administered 2 days after infection with B. parapertussis all lambs became febrile for at least 72 h. At necropsy their lungs were discoloured, congested and showed large areas of collapse and consolidation which, in one case, covered the entire lung. Histopathological examination confirmed that the combined infection produced a severe acute bronchopneumonia in four of seven lambs. B. parapertussis and P. haemolytica were recovered from all of the lambs in this group. Seven lambs challenged with P. haemolytica 5 days after B. parapertussis and six lambs infected with B. parapertussis alone showed no clinical signs of disease other than mild pyrexia and only mild histopathological changes. B. parapertussis, but not P. haemolytica, was recovered from these lambs. The findings indicated that B. parapertussis predisposed the SPF lambs to P. haemolytica pneumonia. This effect appeared to be dependent upon the time interval between the administration of the two agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Porter
- Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Black H, Duganzich D. A field evaluation of the efficacy of two vaccines against ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis. N Z Vet J 1995; 43:60-3. [PMID: 16031809 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.1995.35849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two vaccines against pneumonic pasteurellosis were evaluated for efficacy in lambs transported by sea from New Zealand to Saudi Arabia. One vaccine contained whole cell antigens of Pasteurella haemolytica A2 grown under iron restricted conditions. The other contained Pasteurella haemolytica A1 cell surface and leucotoxin antigens. There was no clear evidence of either vaccine leading to a lower pneumonia death or lesion rate than for the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Black
- Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, MAF Quality Management, Private Bag 9003, Whangarei, New Zealand
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Sutherland AD, Davies RC, Murray J. An experimental anti-idiotype vaccine mimicking lipopolysaccharide gives protection against Pasteurella multocida type A infection in mice. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 1993; 7:105-10. [PMID: 8401421 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.1993.tb00388.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
An anti-idiotype strategy was employed which showed that polyclonal anti-idiotype antibodies could be produced which could mimic a linear Pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule. These antibodies when used as vaccine antigens, induced antibodies which recognised LPS and imparted acquired protection upon syngeneic vaccinates challenged with homologous organisms.
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Wilson CF, Sutherland AD, Inglis L, Donachie W. Characterisation and biological activity of monoclonal antibodies specific for Pasteurella haemolytica A1 capsule and lipopolysaccharide. Vet Microbiol 1992; 31:161-8. [PMID: 1626366 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(92)90074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against both Pasteurella haemolytica A1 capsule and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were produced. Anti-capsule mAb reacted with the homologous A1 serotype only, whereas mAb against LPS reacted with P. haemolytica serotypes A2, A5, A8, A12, A14 and A16 but not with 33 bacterial species or rough LPS mutant strains tested. Both capsule and LPS antigens were visualised on the surface of bacteria by immunogold electron microscopy. Neither of the mAbs demonstrated antibody-dependent complement-mediated killing in vitro but both facilitated phagocytosis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Wilson
- Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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18
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Watson DL. Biological half-life of ovine antibody in neonatal lambs and adult sheep following passive immunization. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 1992; 30:221-32. [PMID: 1595189 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2427(92)90140-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal lambs and adult wethers were passively immunized with ovine antibody directed against ovalbumin or Brucella abortus. Estimates for the biological half-lives of the antibodies ranged from 18 to 24 days in neonatal lambs and 12 to 17 days in adult wethers. The evidence suggested that both normal and immunosuppressed wethers which were passively immunized with serum antibody catabolized this antibody at a faster rate than did neonatal lambs. The data provided no support for the hypothesis that the growth factors and immunomodulatory factors, which are known to be present in colostrum, can influence the biological half-life of homologous antibody following passive immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Watson
- CSIRO Division of Animal Health, Armidale, N.S.W., Australia
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Lainson FA, Harkins DC, Wilson CF, Sutherland AD, Murray JE, Donachie W, Baird GD. Identification and localization of an iron-regulated 35 kDa protein of Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A2. JOURNAL OF GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 1991; 137:219-26. [PMID: 1826734 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-137-2-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Iodination of intact Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A2 cells labelled a sub-set of total cellular proteins. Comparison of the autoradiographic patterns obtained from iodinated cells grown on complete medium and on iron-depleted medium showed that expression of three proteins, of 100, 70 and 35 kDa, respectively, was increased by growth under iron-depleted conditions. Of these proteins, that of 35 kDa had not been reported previously. Like the 100 and 70 kDa proteins, the 35 kDa protein was expressed in natural infections, since it was recognized by antiserum from sheep that had recovered from an experimental infection with P. haemolytica A2. The 35 kDa protein was partially purified by reverse-phase HPLC and was found to be antigenic in both sheep and mice. A monoclonal antibody that was specific for the 35 kDa protein was used to identify the cellular location of the protein by immunoblotting of cell fractions enriched for particular cellular components. This demonstrated that the 35 kDa protein was located mainly in the periplasm.
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Sutherland AD, Jones GE, Poxton IR. The susceptibility of in vivo-grown Pasteurella haemolytica to ovine defence mechanisms in vitro. FEMS MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY 1990; 2:269-78. [PMID: 2073409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb03529.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pasteurella haemolytica organisms grown in vivo were examined for their susceptibility to ovine immune mechanisms in vitro. Compared with in vitro grown organisms they were less susceptible to opsonophagocytosis and, in contrast, susceptible to complement-dependent killing in the absence of exogenous antibody. These differences were not associated with phenotypic changes in the surface of the bacterial cell. However, overproduction and de novo synthesis of proteins was observed in in vivo grown organisms. Also, bound host-immunoglobulin was observed on in vivo grown organisms and a role for this in modifying the interaction with immune mechanisms is discussed.
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Sutherland AD, Donachie W, Jones GE, Quirie M. A crude cytotoxin vaccine protects sheep against experimental Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A2 infection. Vet Microbiol 1989; 19:175-81. [PMID: 2523176 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(89)90082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three vaccines containing Pasteurella haemolytica serotype A2 antigens were tested for their ability to protect sheep against a homologous challenge. A crude cytotoxin preparation in combination with a sodium salicylate extract (SSE) or crude cytotoxin alone were highly protective (98 and 86%, respectively), whereas SSE alone was poorly (47%) protective. These findings indicated that the crude cytotoxin was an essential component of a protective vaccine. Protection correlated with serum cytotoxin-neutralising (CN) titres and bactericidal activity, which were stimulated by antigens in the crude cytotoxin preparation.
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