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Ebrahimzadeh MH, Nakhaei M, Gharib A, Mirbagheri MS, Moradi A, Jirofti N. Investigation of background, novelty and recent advance of iron (II,III) oxide- loaded on 3D polymer based scaffolds as regenerative implant for bone tissue engineering: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:128959. [PMID: 38145693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering had crucial role in the bone defects regeneration, particularly when allograft and autograft procedures have limitations. In this regard, different types of scaffolds are used in tissue regeneration as fundamental tools. In recent years, magnetic scaffolds show promising applications in different biomedical applications (in vitro and in vivo). As superparamagnetic materials are widely considered to be among the most attractive biomaterials in tissue engineering, due to long-range stability and superior bioactivity, therefore, magnetic implants shows angiogenesis, osteoconduction, and osteoinduction features when they are combined with biomaterials. Furthermore, these scaffolds can be coupled with a magnetic field to enhance their regenerative potential. In addition, magnetic scaffolds can be composed of various combinations of magnetic biomaterials and polymers using different methods to improve the magnetic, biocompatibility, thermal, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds. This review article aims to explain the use of magnetic biomaterials such as iron (II,III) oxide (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) in detail. So it will cover the research background of magnetic scaffolds, the novelty of using these magnetic implants in tissue engineering, and provides a future perspective on regenerative implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Ebrahimzadeh
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoush Nakhaei
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azar Gharib
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Sadat Mirbagheri
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Moradi
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Jirofti
- Orthopedic Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 91388-13944, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Hao S, Wang M, Yin Z, Jing Y, Bai L, Su J. Microenvironment-targeted strategy steers advanced bone regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100741. [PMID: 37576867 PMCID: PMC10413201 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of large bone defects represents a great challenge in orthopedic and craniomaxillofacial surgery. Traditional strategies in bone tissue engineering have focused primarily on mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone in terms of structure and composition. However, the synergistic effects of other cues from the microenvironment during bone regeneration are often neglected. The bone microenvironment is a sophisticated system that includes physiological (e.g., neighboring cells such as macrophages), chemical (e.g., oxygen, pH), and physical factors (e.g., mechanics, acoustics) that dynamically interact with each other. Microenvironment-targeted strategies are increasingly recognized as crucial for successful bone regeneration and offer promising solutions for advancing bone tissue engineering. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current microenvironment-targeted strategies and challenges for bone regeneration and further outlines prospective directions of the approaches in construction of bone organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Hao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Mingkai Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhifeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, 201941, China
| | - Yingying Jing
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Long Bai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200444, China
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3
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Jiang P, Zhang Y, Hu R, Shi B, Zhang L, Huang Q, Yang Y, Tang P, Lin C. Advanced surface engineering of titanium materials for biomedical applications: From static modification to dynamic responsive regulation. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:15-57. [PMID: 37035422 PMCID: PMC10074421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have been widely used as orthopedic implants, because of their favorable mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Despite their significant success in various clinical applications, the probability of failure, degradation and revision is undesirably high, especially for the patients with low bone density, insufficient quantity of bone or osteoporosis, which renders the studies on surface modification of Ti still active to further improve clinical results. It is discerned that surface physicochemical properties directly influence and even control the dynamic interaction that subsequently determines the success or rejection of orthopedic implants. Therefore, it is crucial to endow bulk materials with specific surface properties of high bioactivity that can be performed by surface modification to realize the osseointegration. This article first reviews surface characteristics of Ti materials and various conventional surface modification techniques involving mechanical, physical and chemical treatments based on the formation mechanism of the modified coatings. Such conventional methods are able to improve bioactivity of Ti implants, but the surfaces with static state cannot respond to the dynamic biological cascades from the living cells and tissues. Hence, beyond traditional static design, dynamic responsive avenues are then emerging. The dynamic stimuli sources for surface functionalization can originate from environmental triggers or physiological triggers. In short, this review surveys recent developments in the surface engineering of Ti materials, with a specific emphasis on advances in static to dynamic functionality, which provides perspectives for improving bioactivity and biocompatibility of Ti implants.
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Han J, Ma Q, An Y, Wu F, Zhao Y, Wu G, Wang J. The current status of stimuli-responsive nanotechnologies on orthopedic titanium implant surfaces. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:277. [PMID: 37596638 PMCID: PMC10439657 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous innovation and breakthrough of nanomedical technology, stimuli-responsive nanotechnology has been gradually applied to the surface modification of titanium implants to achieve brilliant antibacterial activity and promoted osteogenesis. Regarding to the different physiological and pathological microenvironment around implants before and after surgery, these surface nanomodifications are designed to respond to different stimuli and environmental changes in a timely, efficient, and specific way/manner. Here, we focus on the materials related to stimuli-responsive nanotechnology on titanium implant surface modification, including metals and their compounds, polymer materials and other materials. In addition, the mechanism of different response types is introduced according to different activation stimuli, including magnetic, electrical, photic, radio frequency and ultrasonic stimuli, pH and enzymatic stimuli (the internal stimuli). Meanwhile, the associated functions, potential applications and developing prospect were discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Han
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Geitmyrsveien, Oslo, 710455 Norway
| | - Yanxin An
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Gaoyi Wu
- School of Stomatology, Heilongjiang Key Lab of Oral Biomedicine Materials and Clinical Application, Experimental Center for Stomatology Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Oral Implants, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
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5
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Sadeghzadeh H, Dianat-Moghadam H, Del Bakhshayesh AR, Mohammadnejad D, Mehdipour A. A review on the effect of nanocomposite scaffolds reinforced with magnetic nanoparticles in osteogenesis and healing of bone injuries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:194. [PMID: 37542279 PMCID: PMC10403948 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many problems related to disorders and defects of bone tissue caused by aging, diseases, and injuries have been solved by the multidisciplinary research field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Numerous sciences, especially nanotechnology, along with tissue engineering, have greatly contributed to the repair and regeneration of tissues. Various studies have shown that the presence of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in the structure of composite scaffolds increases their healing effect on bone defects. In addition, the induction of osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the presence of these nanoparticles has been investigated and confirmed by various studies. Therefore, in the present article, the types of MNPs, their special properties, and their application in the healing of damaged bone tissue have been reviewed. Also, the molecular effects of MNPs on cell behavior, especially in osteogenesis, have been discussed. Finally, the present article includes the potential applications of MNP-containing nanocomposite scaffolds in bone lesions and injuries. In summary, this review article highlights nanocomposite scaffolds containing MNPs as a solution for treating bone defects in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Dianat-Moghadam
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Daryush Mohammadnejad
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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6
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Zhao H, Liu C, Liu Y, Ding Q, Wang T, Li H, Wu H, Ma T. Harnessing electromagnetic fields to assist bone tissue engineering. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:7. [PMID: 36631880 PMCID: PMC9835389 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) emerged as one of the exceptional means for bone defects owing to it providing mechanical supports to guide bone tissue regeneration. Great advances have been made to facilitate the success of BTE in regenerating bone within defects. The use of externally applied fields has been regarded as an alternative strategy for BTE. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs), known as a simple and non-invasive therapy, can remotely provide electric and magnetic stimulation to cells and biomaterials, thus applying EMFs to assist BTE would be a promising strategy for bone regeneration. When combined with BTE, EMFs improve cell adhesion to the material surface by promoting protein adsorption. Additionally, EMFs have positive effects on mesenchymal stem cells and show capabilities of pro-angiogenesis and macrophage polarization manipulation. These advantages of EMFs indicate that it is perfectly suitable for representing the adjuvant treatment of BTE. We also summarize studies concerning combinations of EMFs and diverse biomaterial types. The strategy of combining EMFs and BTE receives encouraging outcomes and holds a promising future for effectively treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqi Zhao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Chaoxu Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Yang Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Qing Ding
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Hao Li
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Tian Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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Tan QC, Jiang XS, Chen L, Huang JF, Zhou QX, Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Sun YN, Wei M, Zhao X, Yang Z, Lei W, Tang YF, Wu ZX. Bioactive graphene oxide-functionalized self-expandable hydrophilic and osteogenic nanocomposite for orthopaedic applications. Mater Today Bio 2022; 18:100500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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8
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Effects of Magnetic Stimulation on Dental Implant Osseointegration: A Scoping Review. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This PRISMA-ScR driven scoping review aims to evaluate the influence of magnetic field stimulation on dental implant osseointegration. Seven databases were screened adopting ad-hoc strings. All clinical and preclinical studies analyzing the effects of magnetic fields on dental implant osseointegration were included. From 3124 initial items, on the basis of the eligibility criteria, 33 articles, regarding both Pulsed ElectroMagnetic Fields (PEMF) and Static magnetic Fields from permanent Magnets (SFM) were finally included and critically analyzed. In vitro studies showed a positive effect of PEMF, but contrasting effects of SFM on bone cell proliferation, whereas cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation were induced by both types of stimulation. In vivo studies showed an increased bone-to-implant contact rate in different animal models and clinical studies revealed positive effects on implant stability, under magnetic stimulation. In conclusion, although positive effects of magnetic exposure on osteogenesis activity and osseointegration emerged, this scoping review highlighted the need for further preclinical and clinical studies. More standardized designs, accurate choice of stimulation parameters, adequate methods of evaluation of the outcomes, greater sample size and longer follow-ups are needed to clearly assess the effect of magnetic fields on dental implant osseointegration.
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Osteogenesis Modulation: Induction of Mandibular Bone Growth in Adults by Electrical Field for Aesthetic Purposes. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:197-206. [PMID: 34622330 PMCID: PMC8831273 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new technique in plastic surgery termed Osteogenesis Modulation is described. This technique uses a surgically implanted, battery-operated medical device to deliver customized electrical pulses to produce mandibular bone growth. This device was designed to be a temporary, nonpermanent implant. The purpose of this study was to review both the safety and efficacy of Osteogenesis Modulation. METHODS This study comprises two phases. Phase I involved experimental technology development and animal experiments. Phase II included technology development for clinical use and a clinical trial. In Phase II, four patients with a diagnosis of mandibular hypoplasia and microgenia underwent surgical implantation of the novel medical device over the chin bone. Once a satisfactory change of contour of mandibular bone was achieved, the devices were removed. In all patients, the devices were left in place for 12 months, then surgically removed under local anesthesia. Preoperative and long-term postoperative cephalometric controls were done. RESULTS In all patients, symmetrical mandibular bone growth was observed with good-to-excellent aesthetic results. The overall follow-up period was 39 months. Cephalometric controls taken 3 to 6 months after the device removal showed an average increase in mandible length of 5.26mm (range, 2.83-7.60mm) CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary clinical results suggest that Osteogenesis Modulation is a safe, minimally invasive, and effective alternative treatment for the correction of mandibular hypoplasia in selected cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Hamid HA, Sarmadi VH, Prasad V, Ramasamy R, Miskon A. Electromagnetic field exposure as a plausible approach to enhance the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in clinically relevant scenarios. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:42-57. [PMID: 35029087 PMCID: PMC8758935 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-based therapy has been regarded as one of the most revolutionary breakthroughs in the history of modern medicine owing to its myriad of immunoregulatory and regenerative properties. With the rapid progress in the fields of osteo- and musculoskeletal therapies, the demand for MSC-based treatment modalities is becoming increasingly prominent. In this endeavor, researchers around the world have devised new and innovative techniques to support the proliferation of MSCs while minimizing the loss of hallmark features of stem cells. One such example is electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure, which is an alternative approach with promising potential. In this review, we present a critical discourse on the efficiency, practicability, and limitations of some of the relevant methods, with insurmountable evidence backing the implementation of EMF as a feasible strategy for the clinically relevant expansion of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haslinda Abdul Hamid
- Bio-artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Vahid Hosseinpour Sarmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 144961 4535, Iran.,Institutes of Regenerative Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 199671 4353, Iran
| | - Vivek Prasad
- Stem Cell and Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rajesh Ramasamy
- Stem Cell and Immunity Research Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Azizi Miskon
- Bio-artificial Organ and Regenerative Medicine Unit, National Defense University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia.
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11
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Mg.ATP-decorated ultrafine magnetic nanofibers: A bone scaffold with high osteogenic and antibacterial properties in the presence of an electromagnetic field. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112256. [PMID: 34875469 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, ultrafine magnetic nanofibers were developed for bone regeneration purposes. Nanofibers were acquired by electrospinning using a two-component nanofiber matrix (CP: chitosan (Cs) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)) containing different concentrations of succinate conjugated-magnetic hydroxyapatite nanocomposites (SMHA). Hybrid nanofibers (CP&SMHA) containing 5 mg ml-1 of SMHA nanocomposite showed well-defined properties in terms of physicochemical properties and cell behavior. Then, they were modified with adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and Mg2+ ions. The initial adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells and their proliferation rate on the surface of modified nanofibers (Mg.ATP.CP&SMHA) were significantly increased as compared to those of bare nanofibers. Analysis of common osteogenic markers such as alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin confirmed the osteogenic efficacy enhancement of CP&SMHA nanofibers when they were functionalized with ATP and Mg2+. The utilization of the antagonist of purine receptor, P2X7, revealed that this receptor has a major role in the osteogenesis process induced by Mg.ATP.CP&SMHA. Moreover, the results showed that cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation improved as nanofibers were under the influence of the electromagnetic field (EMF), displaying synergistic effects in the process of bone formation. Mg.ATP.CP&SMHA also showed an antibacterial effect against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Considering the high osteogenic potential and antibacterial activity of Mg.ATP.CP&SMHA nanofibers particularly in combination with EMF, it can serve as a great candidate for use in bone tissue engineering applications.
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12
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Miao Q, Sun JL, Huang F, Wang J, Wang P, Zheng YF, Wang F, Ma CF. Antibacterial Peptide HHC-36 Sustained-Release Coating Promotes Antibacterial Property of Percutaneous Implant. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:735889. [PMID: 34646818 PMCID: PMC8503604 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.735889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Percutaneous implants are widely used in clinical practice. However, infection is the main clinical problem of percutaneous implants. Titanium dioxide nanotubes are suitable for forming coatings on complex surfaces such as implants. HHC-36, a cationic antimicrobial peptide, has been identified to have a strong broad-spectrum antibacterial effect. In the present study, we use poly D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA) and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) coating to build HHC-36 sustained-release system on the surface of titanium dioxide nanotubes. The titanium specimens were anodized coated with HHC-36-PDLLA/PLGA. The morphology and surface elemental distribution of the specimens were evaluated. Besides, results in the present study demonstrated that with antibacterial peptide HHC-36 sustained-release coating, titanium dioxide nanotubes maintain effective drug release for 15 days in vitro, and show significant antibacterial activity. The proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus can be effectively inhibited by PDLLA/PLGA-HHC-36 coated titanium dioxide nanotube. In addition, PDLLA-HHC-36 and PLGA-HHC-36 coating was demonstrated to be biocompatible and antibacterial in vivo. These findings demonstrated that HHC-36 coated titanium nanotube could improve antibacterial potential of percutaneous implants, and indicated a novel and efficient strategy in preventing bacterial infection of percutaneous implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Miao
- Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin-Long Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Wendeng Orthopaedic Hospital of Shandong Province, Wendeng, China
| | - Ya-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chu-Fan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, China
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13
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Moya Gómez A, Font LP, Brône B, Bronckaers A. Electromagnetic Field as a Treatment for Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:742596. [PMID: 34557522 PMCID: PMC8453690 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.742596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is a leading cause of death and adult-acquired disability worldwide. To this date, treatment options are limited; hence, the search for new therapeutic approaches continues. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) affect a wide variety of biological processes and accumulating evidence shows their potential as a treatment for ischemic stroke. Based on their characteristics, they can be divided into stationary, pulsed, and sinusoidal EMF. The aim of this review is to provide an extensive literature overview ranging from in vitro to even clinical studies within the field of ischemic stroke of all EMF types. A thorough comparison between EMF types and their effects is provided, as well as an overview of the signal pathways activated in cell types relevant for ischemic stroke such as neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and endothelial cells. We also discuss which steps have to be taken to improve their therapeutic efficacy in the frame of the clinical translation of this promising therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Moya Gómez
- UHasselt Hasselt University, BIOMED, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Telecommunications, Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Lena Pérez Font
- Centro Nacional de Electromagnetismo Aplicado, Universidad de Oriente, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
| | - Bert Brône
- UHasselt Hasselt University, BIOMED, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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14
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Huang J, Li Y, Wang L, He C. Combined Effects of Low-Frequency Pulsed Electromagnetic Field and Melatonin on Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Mice. Bioelectromagnetics 2021; 42:616-628. [PMID: 34516671 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy and melatonin (MEL) supplementation are expected to be important strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of PEMF therapy, MEL supplementation, a combination of PEMF therapy, and MEL supplementation (PEMF + MEL) in mice with bilateral ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis. Forty 12-week-old female C57/BL mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8/group): OVX, PEMF, MEL, PEMF + MEL, and sham-operation (sham) groups. All mice in the first four groups were subjected to OVX. The mice in the PEMF and PEMF + MEL groups were exposed to PEMF (75 Hz, 1.6 mT, 1 h/day for 12 weeks), while those in the MEL and PEMF + MEL groups were administered MEL (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Body mass, micro-computed tomography, histology, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed. PEMF + MEL treatment enhanced bone volume fraction (BV/TV) 2.2-fold over OVX control (P < 0.001) and increased expression levels of collagen type I (COL1) 1.9-fold and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) 2.5-fold. PEMF + MEL also reduced the ratio of bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) by 40% (P < 0.05) and appeared to reduce the number of osteoclasts in the metaphysis area. Preservation of bone value and bone microarchitecture in the combined therapy group were found to be superior to those in the single treatment groups. However, there were no apparent differences between the PEMF and MEL groups. The use of a combination of PEMF therapy and MEL supplementation may be an effective method to treat osteoporosis. © 2021 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqiong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengqi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Kopyl S, Surmenev R, Surmeneva M, Fetisov Y, Kholkin A. Magnetoelectric effect: principles and applications in biology and medicine- a review. Mater Today Bio 2021; 12:100149. [PMID: 34746734 PMCID: PMC8554634 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoelectric (ME) effect experimentally discovered about 60 years ago remains one of the promising research fields with the main applications in microelectronics and sensors. However, its applications to biology and medicine are still in their infancy. For the diagnosis and treatment of diseases at the intracellular level, it is necessary to develop a maximally non-invasive way of local stimulation of individual neurons, navigation, and distribution of biomolecules in damaged cells with relatively high efficiency and adequate spatial and temporal resolution. Recently developed ME materials (composites), which combine elastically coupled piezoelectric (PE) and magnetostrictive (MS) phases, have been shown to yield very strong ME effects even at room temperature. This makes them a promising toolbox for solving many problems of modern medicine. The main ME materials, processing technologies, as well as most prospective biomedical applications will be overviewed, and modern trends in using ME materials for future therapies, wireless power transfer, and optogenetics will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Kopyl
- Department of Physics & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - R. Surmenev
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - M. Surmeneva
- Physical Materials Science and Composite Materials Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Y. Fetisov
- Research & Education Centre ‘Magnetoelectric Materials and Devices’, MIREA – Russian Technological University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Kholkin
- Department of Physics & CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Piezo- and Magnetoelectric Materials Research & Development Centre, Research School of Chemistry & Applied Biomedical Sciences, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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16
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Li W, Ma H, He R, Ren X, Zhou C. Prospects and application of ultrasound and magnetic fields in the fermentation of rare edible fungi. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105613. [PMID: 34119905 PMCID: PMC8207300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound has the potential to be broadly applied in the field of agricultural food processing due to advantages such as environmental friendliness, low energy costs, no need for exogenous additives and ease of operation. High-frequency ultrasound is mainly used in medical diagnosis and in the food industry for the identification of ingredients and production line quality testing, while low-frequency ultrasounds is mainly used for extraction and separation, accelerating chemical reactions, auxiliary microbial fermentation and quality enhancement in food industry. Magnetic fields have many advantages of convenient use, such as non-toxic, nonpolluting and safe. High-intensity pulsed magnetic fields are widely used as a physical non-thermal sterilization technology in food processing, while weak magnetic fields are better at activating microorganisms and promoting their growth. Ultrasound and magnetic fields, due to their positive biological effects, have a wide range of applications in the food processing industry. This paper provides an overview of the research progress and applications of ultrasound and magnetic fields in food processing from the perspectives of their biological effects and mechanisms of action. Additionally, with the development and application of physical field technology, physical fields can now be used to provide significant technical advantages for assisting fermentation. Suitable physical fields can promote the growth of microbial cells, improve mycelial production and increase metabolic activity. Furthermore, the current status of research into the use of ultrasound and magnetic field technologies for assisting the fermentation of rare edible fungi, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Ronghai He
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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17
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Shao X, Yang Y, Tan Z, Ding Y, Luo E, Jing D, Cai J. Amelioration of bone fragility by pulsed electromagnetic fields in type 2 diabetic KK-Ay mice involving Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E951-E966. [PMID: 33719588 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00655.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results in compromised bone microstructure and quality, and subsequently increased risks of fractures. However, it still lacks safe and effective approaches resisting T2DM bone fragility. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) exposure has proven to be effective in accelerating fracture healing and attenuating osteopenia/osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency. Nevertheless, whether and how PEMFs resist T2DM-associated bone deterioration remain not fully identified. The KK-Ay mouse was used as the T2DM model. We found that PEMF stimulation with 2 h/day for 8 wk remarkably improved trabecular bone microarchitecture, decreased cortical bone porosity, and promoted trabecular and cortical bone material properties in KK-Ay mice. PEMF stimulated bone formation in KK-Ay mice, as evidenced by increased serum levels of bone formation (osteocalcin and P1NP), enhanced bone formation rate, and increased osteoblast number. PEMF significantly suppressed osteocytic apoptosis and sclerostin expression in KK-Ay mice. PEMF exerted beneficial effects on osteoblast- and osteocyte-related gene expression in the skeleton of KK-Ay mice. Nevertheless, PEMF exerted no effect on serum biomarkers of bone resorption (TRAcP5b and CTX-1), osteoclast number, or osteoclast-specific gene expression (TRAP and cathepsin K). PEMF upregulated gene expression of canonical Wnt ligands (including Wnt1, Wnt3a, and Wnt10b), but not noncanonical Wnt5a. PEMF also upregulated skeletal protein expression of downstream p-GSK-3β and β-catenin in KK-Ay mice. Moreover, PEMF-induced improvement in bone microstructure, mechanical strength, and bone formation in KK-Ay mice was abolished after intragastric administration with the Wnt antagonist ETC-159. Together, our results suggest that PEMF can improve bone microarchitecture and quality by enhancing the biological activities of osteoblasts and osteocytes, which are associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PEMF might become an effective countermeasure against T2DM-induced bone deterioration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY PEMF improved trabecular bone microarchitecture and suppressed cortical bone porosity in T2DM KK-Ay mice. It attenuated T2DM-induced detrimental consequence on trabecular and cortical bone material properties. PEMF resisted bone deterioration in KK-Ay mice by enhancing osteoblast-mediated bone formation. PEMF also significantly suppressed osteocytic apoptosis and sclerostin expression in KK-Ay mice. The therapeutic potential of PEMF on T2DM-induced bone deterioration was associated with the activation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/genetics
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/metabolism
- Bone Diseases, Metabolic/therapy
- Bone and Bones/metabolism
- Bone and Bones/radiation effects
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Electromagnetic Fields
- Glucose/metabolism
- Magnetic Field Therapy/methods
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Osteogenesis/physiology
- Osteogenesis/radiation effects
- Osteoporosis/etiology
- Osteoporosis/genetics
- Osteoporosis/metabolism
- Osteoporosis/therapy
- Wnt Signaling Pathway/radiation effects
- beta Catenin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifen Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- College of Medical technology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjun Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, People's Republic of China
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18
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Jiang S, Wang M, He J. A review of biomimetic scaffolds for bone regeneration: Toward a cell-free strategy. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10206. [PMID: 34027093 PMCID: PMC8126827 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In clinical terms, bone grafting currently involves the application of autogenous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic bone grafts, as well as natural or artificially synthesized materials, such as polymers, bioceramics, and other composites. Many of these are associated with limitations. The ideal scaffold for bone tissue engineering should provide mechanical support while promoting osteogenesis, osteoconduction, and even osteoinduction. There are various structural complications and engineering difficulties to be considered. Here, we describe the biomimetic possibilities of the modification of natural or synthetic materials through physical and chemical design to facilitate bone tissue repair. This review summarizes recent progresses in the strategies for constructing biomimetic scaffolds, including ion-functionalized scaffolds, decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds, and micro- and nano-scale biomimetic scaffold structures, as well as reactive scaffolds induced by physical factors, and other acellular scaffolds. The fabrication techniques for these scaffolds, along with current strategies in clinical bone repair, are described. The developments in each category are discussed in terms of the connection between the scaffold materials and tissue repair, as well as the interactions with endogenous cells. As the advances in bone tissue engineering move toward application in the clinical setting, the demonstration of the therapeutic efficacy of these novel scaffold designs is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Jiang
- Department of Plastic SurgeryFirst Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina
| | - Mohan Wang
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceHefeiChina
| | - Jiacai He
- Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui ProvinceHefeiChina
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19
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Cao NJ, Zhu YH, Gao F, Liang C, Wang ZB, Zhang Y, Hao CP, Wang W. Gradient nanostructured titanium stimulates cell responses in vitro and enhances osseointegration in vivo. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:531. [PMID: 33987229 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Though titanium (Ti) is widely used as dental materials in the clinic, effective methods to treat Ti for higher surface biological activity still lack. Through Surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) technology we could endow Ti with gradient nanostructured surface (GNS Ti). To investigate the biocompatibility of GNS Ti for its further application in dental implant field, we study the effects of GNS Ti on cell responses in vitro and osseointegration of the implant with surrounding bone tissues in vivo. Methods In this study, GNS Ti was fabricated by SMAT. In vitro experiment, we co-cultured GNS Ti with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), surface characterization was detected by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), MTT, flow cytometry (FCM), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) tests. In vivo experiment, the GNS Ti was implanted into the rabbit mandible. Osteogenesis and osseointegration were evaluated by Micro CT, toluidine blue staining, and immunohistochemical staining at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results Both results showed that compared with the coarse grained (CG) Ti, the GNS Ti stimulated the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of BMSCs and improved osteogenesis and osseointegration. Conclusions This study indicates that gradient nanostructured Ti is a promising material for dental implant application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Jue Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.,The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Yu-He Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Chun-Ping Hao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
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20
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Evaluation of pulsed electromagnetic field protocols in implant osseointegration: in vivo and in vitro study. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:2925-2937. [PMID: 33033921 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aims to evaluate two protocols of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on osseointegration and establish one that addresses ideal parameters for its use in dentistry, especially in the optimization of the implants osseointegration process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male rats (Wistar) were allocated into three experimental groups: control (GC), test A (GTA, 3 h exposed), and test B (GTB, 1 h exposed). All animals received titanium implants in both tibias, and PEMF application (15 Hz, ± 1 mT, 5 days/week) occurred only in the test groups. They were euthanized at 03, 07, 21, and 45 days after PEMF therapy. Removal torque, histomorphometric measurements, three-dimensional radiographic evaluation, and in vitro biological assay analyses were performed. RESULTS GTB showed better results compared with GTA in removal torque tests, in bone volume and bone mineral density, cell viability, total protein content, and mineralization nodules (p < 0.05). GTA showed better performance in trabecular bone thickness and cell proliferation compared with GTB (p < 0.05), especially at osseointegration early periods. In the histomorphometric analysis and number of trabeculae, there were no differences in the test groups. CONCLUSION PEMF as a biostimulator was effective in optimizing the events in bone tissue that lead to osseointegration, especially when applied for a shorter time and in the initial periods of bone healing. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The PEMF therapy is an effective alternative method for optimizing bone healing.
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21
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Sahm F, Ziebart J, Jonitz-Heincke A, Hansmann D, Dauben T, Bader R. Alternating Electric Fields Modify the Function of Human Osteoblasts Growing on and in the Surroundings of Titanium Electrodes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186944. [PMID: 32971771 PMCID: PMC7555878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous electric fields created in bone tissue as a response to mechanical loading are known to influence the activity and differentiation of bone and precursor cells. Thus, electrical stimulation offers an adjunct therapy option for the promotion of bone regeneration. Understanding the influence of electric fields on bone cell function and the identification of suitable electrical stimulation parameters are crucial for the clinical success of stimulation therapy. Therefore, we investigated the impact of alternating electric fields on human osteoblasts that were seeded on titanium electrodes, which delivered the electrical stimulation. Moreover, osteoblasts were seeded on collagen-coated coverslips near the electrodes, representing the bone stock surrounding the implant. Next, 0.2 V, 1.4 V, or 2.8 V were applied to the in vitro system with 20 Hz frequency. After one, three, and seven days, the osteoblast morphology and expression of osteogenic genes were analysed. The actin organisation, as well as the proliferation, were not affected by the electrical stimulation. Changes in the gene expression and protein accumulation after electrical stimulation were voltage-dependent. After three days, the osteogenic gene expression and alkaline phosphatase activity were up to 2.35-fold higher following the electrical stimulation with 0.2 V and 1.4 V on electrodes and coverslips compared to controls. Furthermore, collagen type I mRNA, as well as the amount of the C-terminal propeptide of collagen type I were increased after the stimulation with 0.2 V and 1.4 V, while the higher electrical stimulation with 2.8 V led to decreased levels, especially on the electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Sahm
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.J.-H.); (D.H.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +49-0381-4949336 (J.Z.)
| | - Josefin Ziebart
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.J.-H.); (D.H.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +49-0381-4949336 (J.Z.)
| | - Anika Jonitz-Heincke
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.J.-H.); (D.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Doris Hansmann
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.J.-H.); (D.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Thomas Dauben
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Rainer Bader
- Biomechanics and Implant Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Rostock University Medical Centre, 18057 Rostock, Germany; (A.J.-H.); (D.H.); (R.B.)
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22
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Lyons JG, Plantz MA, Hsu WK, Hsu EL, Minardi S. Nanostructured Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:922. [PMID: 32974298 PMCID: PMC7471872 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article addresses the various aspects of nano-biomaterials used in or being pursued for the purpose of promoting bone regeneration. In the last decade, significant growth in the fields of polymer sciences, nanotechnology, and biotechnology has resulted in the development of new nano-biomaterials. These are extensively explored as drug delivery carriers and as implantable devices. At the interface of nanomaterials and biological systems, the organic and synthetic worlds have merged over the past two decades, forming a new scientific field incorporating nano-material design for biological applications. For this field to evolve, there is a need to understand the dynamic forces and molecular components that shape these interactions and influence function, while also considering safety. While there is still much to learn about the bio-physicochemical interactions at the interface, we are at a point where pockets of accumulated knowledge can provide a conceptual framework to guide further exploration and inform future product development. This review is intended as a resource for academics, scientists, and physicians working in the field of orthopedics and bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G. Lyons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark A. Plantz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Wellington K. Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Erin L. Hsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Silvia Minardi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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23
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Liu X, George MN, Li L, Gamble D, Miller AL, Gaihre B, Waletzki BE, Lu L. Injectable Electrical Conductive and Phosphate Releasing Gel with Two-Dimensional Black Phosphorus and Carbon Nanotubes for Bone Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4653-4665. [PMID: 33455193 PMCID: PMC9009275 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels have unique advantages for the repair of irregular tissue defects. In this study, we report a novel injectable carbon nanotube (CNT) and black phosphorus (BP) gel with enhanced mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and continuous phosphate ion release for tissue engineering. The gel utilized biodegradable oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) polymer as the cross-linking matrix, with the addition of cross-linkable CNT-poly(ethylene glycol)-acrylate (CNTpega) to grant mechanical support and electric conductivity. Two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus nanosheets were also infused to aid in tissue regeneration through the steady release of phosphate that results from environmental oxidation of phosphorus in situ. This newly developed BP-CNTpega-gel was found to enhance the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 preosteoblast cells. With electric stimulation, the osteogenesis of preosteoblast cells was further enhanced with elevated expression of several key osteogenic pathway genes. As monitored with X-ray imaging, the BP-CNTpega-gel demonstrated excellent in situ gelation and cross-linking to fill femur defects, vertebral body cavities, and posterolateral spinal fusion sites in the rabbit. Together, these results indicate that this newly developed injectable BP-CNTpega-gel owns promising potential for future bone and broad types of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Matthew N. George
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Linli Li
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Darian Gamble
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - A. Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bipin Gaihre
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Brian E. Waletzki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Lichun Lu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Lullini G, Cammisa E, Setti S, Sassoli I, Zaffagnini S, Marcheggiani Muccioli GM. Role of pulsed electromagnetic fields after joint replacements. World J Orthop 2020; 11:285-293. [PMID: 32572365 PMCID: PMC7298453 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v11.i6.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the rate of patients reporting satisfaction is generally high after joint replacement surgery, up to 23% after total hip replacement and 34% after total knee arthroplasty of treated subjects report discomfort or pain 1 year after surgery. Moreover, chronic or subacute inflammation is reported in some cases even a long time after surgery. Another open and debated issue in prosthetic surgery is implant survivorship, especially when related to good prosthesis bone ingrowth. Pulsed Electro Magnetic Fields (PEMFs) treatment, although initially recommended after total joint replacement to promote bone ingrowth and to reduce inflammation and pain, is not currently part of usual clinical practice. The purpose of this review was to analyze existing literature on PEMFs effects in joint replacement surgery and to report results of clinical studies and current indications. We selected all currently available prospective studies or RCT on the use of PEMFs in total joint replacement with the purpose of investigating effects of PEMFs on recovery, pain relief and patients’ satisfaction following hip, knee or shoulder arthroplasty. All the studies analyzed reported no adverse effects, and good patient compliance to the treatment. The available literature shows that early control of joint inflammation process in the first days after surgery through the use of PEMFs should be considered an effective completion of the surgical procedure to improve the patient’s functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Lullini
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e di valutazione funzionale protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - DIBINEM - University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - Eugenio Cammisa
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - DIBINEM - University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - Stefania Setti
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, IGEA S.p.A. Clinical Biophysics, 41012 Carpi (Mo), Italy
| | - Iacopo Sassoli
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - DIBINEM - University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy
| | - Stefano Zaffagnini
- II Orthopaedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - DIBINEM - University of Bologna, Bologna 40100, Italy
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Shimizu Y, Fujibayashi S, Yamaguchi S, Mori S, Kitagaki H, Shimizu T, Okuzu Y, Masamoto K, Goto K, Otsuki B, Kawai T, Morizane K, Kawata T, Matsuda S. Bioactive effects of strontium loading on micro/nano surface Ti6Al4V components fabricated by selective laser melting. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 109:110519. [PMID: 32228917 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) titanium alloys require surface modification to achieve early bone-bonding. This study investigated the effects of solution and heat treatment to induce the sustained release of strontium (Sr) ions from SLM Ti6Al4V implants (Sr-S64). The results were compared with a control group comprising an untreated surface [SLM pure titanium (STi) and SLM Ti6Al4V (S64)] and a treated surface to induce the release of calcium (Ca) ions from SLM Ti6Al4V (Ca-S64). The surface-treated materials showed homogenous nanoscale network formation on the original micro-topographical surface and formed bone-like apatite on the surface in a simulated body fluid within 3 days. In vitro evaluation using MC3T3-E1 cells showed that the cells were viable on Sr-S64 surface, and Sr-S64 enhanced cell adhesion-related and osteogenic differentiation-related genes expression. In vivo rabbit tibia model, Sr-S64 provided significantly greater bone-bonding strength and bone-implant contact area than those in controls (STi and S64) in the early phase (2-4 weeks) after implantation; however, there was no statistical difference between Ca-S64 and controls. In conclusion, Sr solution and heat treatment was a safe and effective method to enhance early bone-bonding ability of S-64 by improving the surface characteristics and sustained delivery for Sr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shimizu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeo Mori
- Osaka Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd., 4-4-28 Zuiko, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 533-0005, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kitagaki
- Osaka Yakin Kogyo Co., Ltd., 4-4-28 Zuiko, Higashiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 533-0005, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Shimizu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yaichiro Okuzu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Masamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Koji Goto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Bungo Otsuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kawai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Morizane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomotoshi Kawata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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26
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Cai J, Shao X, Yang Q, Yang Y, Yan Z, Luo E, Feng X, Jing D. Pulsed electromagnetic fields modify the adverse effects of glucocorticoids on bone architecture, bone strength and porous implant osseointegration by rescuing bone-anabolic actions. Bone 2020; 133:115266. [PMID: 32044333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is known to induce increased bone fragility and impaired skeletal regeneration potential. Growing evidence suggests that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) can accelerate fracture healing and increase bone mass both experimentally and clinically. However, how glucocorticoid-treated bone and bone cells respond to PEMF stimulation remains poorly understood. Here we tested the effects of PEMF on bone quantity/quality, bone metabolism, and porous implant osseointegration in rabbits treated with dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/day, 6 weeks). The micro-CT, histologic and nanoindentation results showed that PEMF ameliorated the glucocorticoid-mediated deterioration of cancellous and cortical bone architecture and intrinsic material properties. Utilizing the new porous titanium implant (Ti2448) with low toxicity and low elastic modulus, we found that PEMF stimulated bone ingrowth into the pores of implants and enhanced peri-implant bone material quality during osseous defect repair in glucocorticoid-treated rabbits. Dynamic histomorphometric results revealed that PEMF reversed the adverse effects of glucocorticoids on bone formation, which was confirmed by increased circulating osteocalcin and P1NP. PEMF also significantly attenuated osteocyte apoptosis, promoted osteoblast-related osteocalcin, Runx2 and Osx expression, and inhibited osteocyte-specific DKK1 and Sost expression (negative regulators of osteoblasts) in glucocorticoid-treated skeletons, revealing improved functional activities of osteoblasts and osteocytes. Nevertheless, PEMF exerted no effect on circulating bone-resorbing cytokines (serum TRAcP5b and CTX-1) or skeletal gene expression of osteoclast-specific markers (TRAP and cathepsin K). PEMF also significantly upregulated skeletal gene expression of canonical Wnt ligands (Wnt1, Wnt3a and Wnt10b), whereas PEMF did not alter non-canonical Wnt5a expression. This study demonstrates that PEMF treatment improves bone mass, strength and porous implant osseointegration in glucocorticoid-treated rabbits by promoting potent bone-anabolic action, which is associated with canonical Wnt-mediated improvement in osteoblast and osteocyte functions. This study provides a new treatment alternative for glucocorticoid-related bone disorders in a convenient and non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- College of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiuju Yang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Clinical College, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zedong Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Feng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Zhang B, Xie Y, Ni Z, Chen L. Effects and Mechanisms of Exogenous Electromagnetic Field on Bone Cells: A Review. Bioelectromagnetics 2020; 41:263-278. [PMID: 32159242 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis, fractures, and other bone diseases or injuries represent serious health problems in modern society. A variety of treatments including drugs, surgeries, physical therapies, etc. have been used to prevent or delay the progression of these diseases/injuries with limited effects. Electromagnetic field (EMF) has been used to non-invasively treat bone diseases, such as fracture and osteoporosis, for many years. However, because a variety of cellular and molecular events can be affected by EMF with various parameters, the precise bioeffects and underlying mechanisms of specific EMF on bone cells are still obscure. Here, we summarize the common therapeutic parameters (frequency and intensity) of major types of EMF used to treat bone cells taken from 32 papers we selected from the PubMed database published in English from 1991 to 2018. Briefly, pulse EMF promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts when its frequency is 7.5-15 Hz or 50-75 Hz and the intensity is 0.40-1.55 mT or 3.8-4 mT. Sinusoidal EMF, with 0.9-4.8 mT and 45-60 Hz, and static magnetic field with 0.1-0.4 mT or 400 mT, can promote osteoblast differentiation and maturation. Finally, we summarize the latest advances on the molecular signaling pathways influenced by EMF in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. A variety of molecules such as adenosine receptors, calcium channels, BMP2, Notch, Wnt1, etc., can be influenced by EMF in osteoblasts. For osteoclasts, EMF affects RANK, NF-κB, MAPK, etc. We speculate that EMF with different frequencies and intensities exert distinct bioeffects on specific bone cells. More high-quality work is required to explore the detailed effects and underlying mechanisms of EMF on bone cells/skeleton to optimize the application of EMF on bone diseases/injuries. Bioelectromagnetics. 2020;41:263-278 © 2020 Bioelectromagnetics Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Center of Rehabilitation, Xingcheng Sanatorium of PLA Strategic Support Force, Xingcheng, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenhong Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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28
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Hao Y, Wu M, Wang J. Fibroblast growth factor-2 ameliorates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced osteogenic damage of human bone mesenchymal stem cells by improving oxidative phosphorylation. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 52:101538. [PMID: 32084581 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The metabolic switch from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is vital for energy supply during osteogenic differentiation. However, the metabolic switch is inhibited under inflammatory stimulation. FGF2 has shown that it can improve osteogenic differentiation and promote autoimmune inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether FGF2 can ameliorate TNF-a-inhibited osteogenic damage by improving OXPHOS. Effects of TNF-α or FGF2 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs were evaluated by MTT assay, qRT-PCR, and ALP activity tests. The function of FGF2 on the TNF-a-inhibited metabolic switch was determined by Mito Stress test. The results showed that TNF-α was able to inhibit the osteogenic differentiation and OXPHOS of hBMSCs. FGF2 has no obvious function in improving the osteogenic-related genes, but it can ameliorate the impaired osteogenesis and OCR value caused by TNF-α. These findings suggest that FGF2 can prevent the impaired osteogenic differentiation and metabolic switch of hBMSCs under inflammatory stimulation, which might enhance the regeneration capacity of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Hao
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minting Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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29
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Cachão JH, Soares dos Santos MP, Bernardo R, Ramos A, Bader R, Ferreira JAF, Torres Marques A, Simões JAO. Altering the Course of Technologies to Monitor Loosening States of Endoprosthetic Implants. SENSORS 2019; 20:s20010104. [PMID: 31878028 PMCID: PMC6982938 DOI: 10.3390/s20010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders are becoming an ever-growing societal burden and, as a result, millions of bone replacements surgeries are performed per year worldwide. Despite total joint replacements being recognized among the most successful surgeries of the last century, implant failure rates exceeding 10% are still reported. These numbers highlight the necessity of technologies to provide an accurate monitoring of the bone–implant interface state. This study provides a detailed review of the most relevant methodologies and technologies already proposed to monitor the loosening states of endoprosthetic implants, as well as their performance and experimental validation. A total of forty-two papers describing both intracorporeal and extracorporeal technologies for cemented or cementless fixation were thoroughly analyzed. Thirty-eight technologies were identified, which are categorized into five methodologies: vibrometric, acoustic, bioelectric impedance, magnetic induction, and strain. Research efforts were mainly focused on vibrometric and acoustic technologies. Differently, approaches based on bioelectric impedance, magnetic induction and strain have been less explored. Although most technologies are noninvasive and are able to monitor different loosening stages of endoprosthetic implants, they are not able to provide effective monitoring during daily living of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Henrique Cachão
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco P. Soares dos Santos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA), 4150-179 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodrigo Bernardo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Ramos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jorge A. F. Ferreira
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Torres Marques
- Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA), 4150-179 Porto, Portugal
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - José A. O. Simões
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Center for Mechanical Technology & Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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30
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Du Y, Guo JL, Wang J, Mikos AG, Zhang S. Hierarchically designed bone scaffolds: From internal cues to external stimuli. Biomaterials 2019; 218:119334. [PMID: 31306826 PMCID: PMC6663598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering utilizes three critical elements - cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors - to recapitulate the bone tissue microenvironment, inducing the formation of new bone. Recent advances in materials development have enabled the production of scaffolds that more effectively mimic the hierarchical features of bone matrix, ranging from molecular composition to nano/micro-scale biochemical and physical features. This review summarizes recent advances within the field in utilizing these features of native bone to guide the hierarchical design of materials and scaffolds. Biomimetic strategies discussed in this review cover several levels of hierarchical design, including the development of element-doped compositions of bioceramics, the usage of molecular templates for in vitro biomineralization at the nanoscale, the fabrication of biomimetic scaffold architecture at the micro- and nanoscale, and the application of external physical stimuli at the macroscale to regulate bone growth. Developments at each level are discussed with an emphasis on their in vitro and in vivo outcomes in promoting osteogenic tissue development. Ultimately, these hierarchically designed scaffolds can complement or even replace the usage of cells and biological elements, which present clinical and regulatory barriers to translation. As the field progresses ever closer to clinical translation, the creation of viable therapies will thus benefit from further development of hierarchically designed materials and scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Du
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jason L Guo
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS-142, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA
| | - Jianglin Wang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, P.O. Box 1892, MS-142, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA.
| | - Shengmin Zhang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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31
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Bernardo R, Rodrigues A, Soares Dos Santos MP, Carneiro P, Lopes A, Sequeira Amaral J, Sequeira Amaral V, Morais R. Novel magnetic stimulation methodology for low-current implantable medical devices. Med Eng Phys 2019; 73:77-84. [PMID: 31477429 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the ability of inductive architectures to deliver therapeutic magnetic stimuli to target tissues and to be embedded into small-scale intracorporeal medical devices. However, to date, current micro-scale biomagnetic devices require very high electric current excitations (usually exceeding 1 A) to ensure the delivery of efficient magnetic flux densities. This is a critical problem as advanced implantable devices demand self-powering, stand-alone and long-term operation. This work provides, for the first time, a novel small-scale magnetic stimulation system that requires up to 50-fold lower electric current excitations than required by relevant biomagnetic technology recently proposed. Computational models were developed to analyse the magnetic stimuli distributions and densities delivered to cellular tissues during in vitro experiments, such that the feasibility of this novel stimulator can be firstly evaluated on cell culture tests. The results demonstrate that this new stimulative technology is able to deliver osteogenic stimuli (0.1-7 mT range) by current excitations in the 0.06-4.3 mA range. Moreover, it allows coil designs with heights lower than 1 mm without significant loss of magnetic stimuli capability. Finally, suitable core diameters and stimulator-stimulator distances allow to define heterogeneity or quasi-homogeneity stimuli distributions. These results support the design of high-sophisticated biomagnetic devices for a wide range of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Bernardo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - André Rodrigues
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco P Soares Dos Santos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (LAETA), Portugal.
| | - Pedro Carneiro
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - António Lopes
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Aveiro Institute of Materials, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Sequeira Amaral
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Aveiro Institute of Materials, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor Sequeira Amaral
- Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Aveiro Institute of Materials, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Raul Morais
- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), Porto, Portugal
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32
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Liu F, Li Y, Liang J, Sui W, Bellare A, Kong L. Effects of micro/nano strontium‐loaded surface implants on osseointegration in ovariectomized sheep. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:377-385. [DOI: 10.1111/cid.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Department of StomatologyPLA 301 Hospital Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Sui
- Department of StomatologyShenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University Shenzhen People's Republic of China
| | - Anuj Bellare
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBrigham and Women's Hospital Boston Massachusetts
| | - Liang Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgerySchool of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an People's Republic of China
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33
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The Use of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields to Promote Bone Responses to Biomaterials In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Biomater 2018; 2018:8935750. [PMID: 30254677 PMCID: PMC6140132 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8935750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Implantable biomaterials are extensively used to promote bone regeneration or support endosseous prosthesis in orthopedics and dentistry. Their use, however, would benefit from additional strategies to improve bone responses. Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) have long been known to act on osteoblasts and bone, affecting their metabolism, in spite of our poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Hence, we have the hypothesis that PEMFs may also ameliorate cell responses to biomaterials, improving their growth, differentiation, and the expression of a mature phenotype and therefore increasing the tissue integration of the implanted devices and their clinical success. A broad range of settings used for PEMFs stimulation still represents a hurdle to better define treatment protocols and extensive research is needed to overcome this issue. The present review includes studies that investigated the effects of PEMFs on the response of bone cells to different classes of biomaterials and the reports that focused on in vivo investigations of biomaterials implanted in bone.
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34
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Saliev T, Begimbetova D, Masoud AR, Matkarimov B. Biological effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields: Two sides of a coin. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 141:25-36. [PMID: 30030071 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Controversial, sensational and often contradictory scientific reports have triggered active debates over the biological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in literature and mass media the last few decades. This could lead to confusion and distraction, subsequently hampering the development of a univocal conclusion on the real hazards caused by EMFs on humans. For example, there are lots of publications indicating that EMF can induce apoptosis and DNA strand-breaks in cells. On the other hand, these effects could rather be beneficial, in that they could be effectively harnessed for treatment of various disorders, including cancer. This review discusses and analyzes the results of various in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological studies on the effects of non-ionizing EMFs on cells and organs, including the consequences of exposure to the low and high frequencies EM spectrum. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of recent data on the role of EMF in the induction of oxidative stress and DNA damage. Additionally, the impact of EMF on the reproductive system has been discussed, as well as the relationship between EM radiation and blood cancer. Apart from adverse effects, the therapeutic potential of EMFs for clinical use in different pathologies is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Saliev
- Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov, Tole Bi Street 94, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan; National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Ave., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan.
| | - Dinara Begimbetova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Ave., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Abdul-Razak Masoud
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Ave., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Bakhyt Matkarimov
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay batyr Ave., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
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Shuai C, Yang W, Peng S, Gao C, Guo W, Lai Y, Feng P. Physical stimulations and their osteogenesis-inducing mechanisms. Int J Bioprint 2018; 4:138. [PMID: 33102916 PMCID: PMC7581999 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v4i2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical stimulations such as magnetic, electric and mechanical stimulation could enhance cell activity and promote bone formation in bone repair process via activating signal pathways, modulating ion channels, regulating bonerelated gene expressions, etc. In this paper, bioeffects of physical stimulations on cell activity, tissue growth and bone healing were systematically summarized, which especially focused on their osteogenesis-inducing mechanisms. Detailedly, magnetic stimulation could produce Hall effect which improved the permeability of cell membrane and promoted the migration of ions, especially accelerating the extracellular calcium ions to pass through cell membrane. Electric stimulation could induce inverse piezoelectric effect which generated electric signals, accordingly up-regulating intracellular calcium levels and growth factor synthesis. And mechanical stimulation could produce mechanical signals which were converted into corresponding biochemical signals, thus activating various signaling pathways on cell membrane and inducing a series of gene expressions. Besides, bioeffects of physical stimulations combined with bone scaffolds which fabricated using 3D printing technology on bone cells were discussed. The equipments of physical stimulation system were described. The opportunities and challenges of physical stimulations were also presented from the perspective of bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cijun Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chengde Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuxiao Lai
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Pei Feng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Effect of Growth Hormone Supplementation on Osseointegration: A Systematic Review and Meta-analyses. IMPLANT DENT 2018; 26:613-620. [PMID: 28574857 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess whether growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy can enhance implant osseointegration. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted from 1982 to March 2016. A structured search using the keywords "growth hormone," "implants," and "osseointegration" was performed to identify preclinical and clinical in vivo controlled studies and was followed by a 2-phase search strategy. Initially, 31 potentially relevant articles were identified. After removal of duplicates and screening by title and abstract, 10 potential studies were included. Studies were assessed for bias and data were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis model. RESULTS All studies were preclinical animal trials, and the follow-up period ranged from 2 to 16 weeks. Seventy percent of the included studies reported an increase in bone-to-implant contact in animals receiving GH compared with controls. Meta-analysis showed a significant mean difference for bone to implant between GH groups versus controls (no GH supplementation) of 10.60% (95% confidence interval: 3.79%-17.41%) favoring GH administration. CONCLUSION GH treatment seems to promote osseointegration around implants in preclinical studies; however, these findings must be assessed in highly controlled human clinical trials as a number of confounding factors may have influenced the outcomes of the included studies.
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Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields promote mesenchymal stem cell migration by increasing intracellular Ca 2+ and activating the FAK/Rho GTPases signaling pathways in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:143. [PMID: 29784011 PMCID: PMC5963142 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to migrate to the desired tissues or lesions is crucial for stem cell-based regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Optimal therapeutics for promoting MSC migration are expected to become an effective means for tissue regeneration. Electromagnetic fields (EMF), as a noninvasive therapy, can cause a lot of biological changes in MSCs. However, whether EMF can promote MSC migration has not yet been reported. Methods We evaluated the effects of EMF on cell migration in human bone marrow-derived MSCs. With the use of Helmholtz coils and an EMF stimulator, 7.5, 15, 30, 50, and 70 Hz/1 mT EMF was generated. Additionally, we employed the l-type calcium channel blocker verapamil and the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor PF-573228 to investigate the role of intracellular calcium content, cell adhesion proteins, and the Rho GTPase protein family (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42) in EMF-mediated MSC migration. Cell adhesion proteins (FAK, talin, and vinculin) were detected by Western blot analysis. The Rho GTPase protein family activities were assessed by G-LISA, and F-actin levels, which reflect actin cytoskeletal organization, were detected using immunofluorescence. Results All the 7.5, 15, 30, 50, and 70 Hz/1 mT EMF promoted MSC migration. EMF increased MSC migration in an intracellular calcium-dependent manner. Notably, EMF-enhanced migration was mediated by FAK activation, which was critical for the formation of focal contacts, as evidenced by increased talin and vinculin expression. Moreover, RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42 were activated by FAK to increase cytoskeletal organization, thus promoting cell contraction. Conclusions EMF promoted MSC migration by increasing intracellular calcium and activating the FAK/Rho GTPase signaling pathways. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of MSC migration and will enable the rational design of targeted therapies to improve MSC engraftment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0883-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Gulati K, Hamlet SM, Ivanovski S. Tailoring the immuno-responsiveness of anodized nano-engineered titanium implants. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:2677-2689. [PMID: 32254221 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, titanium is one of the most commonly used implantable biomaterials. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have established that titanium surfaces with a nanoscale topography outperform conventional smooth or micro-rough surfaces in terms of achieving desirable bonding with bone (i.e. enhanced bioactivity). Among these nanoscale topographical modifications, ordered nanostructures fabricated via electrochemical anodization, especially titania nanotubes (TNTs), are particularly attractive. This is due to their ability to augment bioactivity, deliver drugs and the potential for easy/cost-effective translation into the current implant market. However, the potential of TNT-modified implants to modulate the host immune-inflammatory response, which is critical for achieving timely osseointegration, remains relatively unexplored. Such immunomodulatory effects may be achieved by modifying the physical and chemical properties of the TNTs. Furthermore, therapeutic/bioactive enhancements performed on these nano-engineered implants (such as antibacterial or osteogenic functions) are likely to illicit an immune response which needs to be appropriately controlled. The lack of sufficient in-depth studies with respect to immune cell responses to TNTs has created research gaps that must be addressed in order to facilitate the design of the next generation of immuno-modulatory titanium implants. This review article focuses on the chemical, topographical and mechanical features of TNT-modified implants that can be manipulated in order to achieve immuno-modulation, as well as providing an insight into how modulating the immune response can augment implant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, 288 Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
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Cheng Y, Yang H, Yang Y, Huang J, Wu K, Chen Z, Wang X, Lin C, Lai Y. Progress in TiO 2 nanotube coatings for biomedical applications: a review. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1862-1886. [PMID: 32254353 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) have drawn wide attention and been extensively applied in the field of biomedicine, due to their large specific surface area, good corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility, and enhanced bioactivity. This review describes the preparation of TNTs and the surface modification that entrust the nanotubes with better antibacterial property and enhanced osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Considering the contact between TNTs' surface and surrounding tissues after implantation, the interactions between TNTs (with properties including their diameter, length, wettability, and crystalline phase) and proteins, platelets, bacteria, and cells are illustrated. The state of the art in the applications of TNTs in dentistry, orthopedic implants, and cardiovascular stents are introduced. In particular, the application of TNTs in biosensing has attracted much attention due to its ability for the rapid diagnosis of diseases. Finally, the difficulties and challenges in the practical application of TNTs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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Zhu S, Jing W, Hu X, Huang Z, Cai Q, Ao Y, Yang X. Time-dependent effect of electrical stimulation on osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stromal cells cultured on conductive nanofibers. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 105:3369-3383. [PMID: 28795778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering using bone mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) is a multidisciplinary strategy that requires biodegradable scaffold, cell, various promoting cues to work simultaneously. Electrical stimulation (ES) is known able to promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, but it is interesting to know how can it play the strongest promotion effect. To strengthen local ES on BMSCs, parallel-aligned conductive nanofibers were electrospun from the mixtures of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and used for cell culture. Osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was conducted by applying ES (direct current, 1.5 V, 1.5 h/day) perpendicular to the fiber direction during the day 1-7, day 8-14, or day 15-21 period of the osteoinductive culture. In comparison with ES-free groups, bone-related markers and genes were found significantly up-regulated when ES was applied on BMSCs growing on nanofibers having higher conductivity. When the ES was applied at the earlier stage of osteoinductive culture, the promotion effect on osteogenic differentiation would be stronger. In the presence of a BMP blocker, the down-regulated expressions of bone-related genes were able to be slightly recovered by ES, especially when the ES was applied at the beginning of osteoinductive culture (i.e. day 1-7). The promotion effect generated by ES in the early stage was found sustainable to later stages of differentiation, while those ES applied at later stages of differentiation should have missed the optimal point. In other words, later ES was not so necessary in inducing the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3369-3383, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injury, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zirong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injury, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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Wang P, Liu J, Yang Y, Zhai M, Shao X, Yan Z, Zhang X, Wu Y, Cao L, Sui B, Luo E, Jing D. Differential intensity-dependent effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on RANKL-induced osteoclast formation, apoptosis, and bone resorbing ability in RAW264.7 cells. Bioelectromagnetics 2017; 38:602-612. [PMID: 28741320 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) have been proven to be effective for promoting bone mass and regulating bone turnover both experimentally and clinically. However, the exact mechanisms for the regulation of PEMF on osteoclastogenesis as well as optical exposure parameters of PEMF on inhibiting osteoclastic activities and functions remain unclear, representing significant limitations for extensive scientific application of PEMF in clinics. In this study, RAW264.7 cells incubated with RANKL were exposed to 15 Hz PEMF (2 h/day) at various intensities (0.5, 1, 2, and 3 mT) for 7 days. We demonstrate that bone resorbing capacity was significantly decreased by 0.5 mT PEMF mainly by inhibiting osteoclast formation and maturation, but enhanced at 3 mT by promoting osteoclast apoptosis. Moreover, gene expression of RANK, NFATc1, TRAP, CTSK, BAX, and BAX/BCL-2 was significantly decreased by 0.5 mT PEMF, but increased by 3 mT. Our findings reveal a significant intensity window for low-intensity PEMF in regulating bone resorption with diverse nature for modulating osteoclastogenesis and apoptosis. This study not only enriches our basic knowledge for the regulation of PEMF in osteoclastogenesis, but also may lead to more efficient and scientific clinical application of PEMF in regulating bone turnover and inhibiting osteopenia/osteoporosis. Bioelectromagnetics. 38:602-612, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingming Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zedong Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bingdong Sui
- Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Li X, Xu H, Lei T, Yang Y, Jing D, Dai S, Luo P, Xu Q. A Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Protects against Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity by Modulating the Endocannabinoid System in HT22 Cells. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:42. [PMID: 28220060 PMCID: PMC5292622 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is common in the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases. A pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exerts therapeutic effects on the nervous system, but its specific mechanism associated with excitotoxicity is still unknown. We investigated the role of PEMF exposure in regulating glutamate-induced excitotoxicity through the endocannabinoid (eCB) system. PEMF exposure improved viability of HT22 cells after excitotoxicity and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and cell death. An eCB receptor 1 (CB1R) specific inhibitor suppressed the protective effects of PEMF exposure, even though changes in CB1R expression were not observed. Elevation of N-arachidonylethanolamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) following PEMF exposure indicated that the neuroprotective effects of PEMF were related to modulation of the eCB metabolic system. Furthermore, CB1R/ERK signaling was shown to be an important downstream pathway of PEMF in regulating excitotoxicity. These results suggest that PEMF exposure leads to neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity by facilitating the eCB/CB1R/ERK signaling pathway. Therefore, PEMF may be a potential physical therapeutic technique for preventing and treating neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Haoxiang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Yuefan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Shuhui Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China; Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China
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Gulati K, Ivanovski S. Dental implants modified with drug releasing titania nanotubes: therapeutic potential and developmental challenges. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:1009-1024. [PMID: 27892717 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2017.1266332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transmucosal nature of dental implants presents a unique therapeutic challenge, requiring not only rapid establishment and subsequent maintenance of osseointegration, but also the formation of resilient soft tissue integration. Key challenges in achieving long-term success are sub-optimal bone integration in compromised bone conditions and impaired trans-mucosal tissue integration in the presence of a persistent oral microbial biofilm. These challenges can be targeted by employing a drug-releasing implant modification such as TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs), engineered on titanium surfaces via electrochemical anodization. Areas covered: This review focuses on applications of TNT-based dental implants towards achieving optimal therapeutic efficacy. Firstly, the functions of TNT implants will be explored in terms of their influence on osseointegration, soft tissue integration and immunomodulation. Secondly, the developmental challenges associated with such implants are reviewed including sterilization, stability and toxicity. Expert opinion: The potential of TNTs is yet to be fully explored in the context of the complex oral environment, including appropriate modulation of alveolar bone healing, immune-inflammatory processes, and soft tissue responses. Besides long-term in vivo assessment under masticatory loading conditions, investigating drug-release profiles in vivo and addressing various technical challenges are required to bridge the gap between research and clinical dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- a School of Dentistry and Oral Health , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia.,b Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM) Group, Understanding Chronic Conditions (UCC) Program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- a School of Dentistry and Oral Health , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia.,b Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM) Group, Understanding Chronic Conditions (UCC) Program, Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
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Ross CL. The use of electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic field for directed cell migration and adhesion in regenerative medicine. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 33:5-16. [PMID: 27797153 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Directed cell migration and adhesion is essential to embryonic development, tissue formation and wound healing. For decades it has been reported that electric field (EF), magnetic field (MF) and electromagnetic field (EMF) can play important roles in determining cell differentiation, migration, adhesion, and evenwound healing. Combinations of these techniques have revealed new and exciting explanations for how cells move and adhere to surfaces; how the migration of multiple cells are coordinated and regulated; how cellsinteract with neighboring cells, and also to changes in their microenvironment. In some cells, speed and direction are voltage dependent. Data suggests that the use of EF, MF and EMF could advance techniques in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and wound healing. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:5-16, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Ross
- The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest Center for Integrative Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC
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Significance of osteogenic surface coatings on implants to enhance osseointegration under osteoporotic-like conditions. IMPLANT DENT 2016; 23:679-86. [PMID: 25290281 DOI: 10.1097/id.0000000000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to assess the significance of osteogenic surface coatings on implants to enhance osseointegration under osteoporotic-like (OP-like) conditions. METHODS To address the focused question "Do osteogenic surface coatings on implants enhance osseointegration under OP-like conditions?" PubMed/MEDLINE and Google-Scholar databases were searched from 1995 up to and including February 2014 using various keywords. Unpublished data, letters to the editor, review articles, and articles published in languages other than English were excluded. RESULTS Of the 28 studies identified, 11 experimental studies were included. These studies were performed on bilaterally ovariectomized animals. In all studies, implant surface roughness was increased by various osteogenetic surface coatings including alumina, hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, and zoledronic acid. Nine studies reported that compared with non-coated surfaces, osteogenic coatings on implant surfaces increases bone volume and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) under OP-like conditions. In 2 studies, there was no difference in BIC around hydroxyapatite-coated implants placed in animals with and without OP-like conditions. CONCLUSION Osteogenic coatings on implant surfaces enhanced osseointegration in animals with OP-like conditions. However, additional clinical studies are warranted to assess the role of osteogenic coatings in increasing osseointegration in patients with osteoporosis.
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Jing D, Zhai M, Tong S, Xu F, Cai J, Shen G, Wu Y, Li X, Xie K, Liu J, Xu Q, Luo E. Pulsed electromagnetic fields promote osteogenesis and osseointegration of porous titanium implants in bone defect repair through a Wnt/β-catenin signaling-associated mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32045. [PMID: 27555216 PMCID: PMC4995433 DOI: 10.1038/srep32045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of osseous defects remains a formidable clinical challenge. Porous titanium alloys (pTi) have been emerging as ideal endosseous implants due to the excellent biocompatibility and structural properties, whereas inadequate osseointegration poses risks for unreliable long-term implant stability. Substantial evidence indicates that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF), as a safe noninvasive method, inhibit osteopenia/osteoporosis experimentally and clinically. We herein investigated the efficiency and potential mechanisms of PEMF on osteogenesis and osseointegration of pTi in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that PEMF enhanced cellular attachment and proliferation, and induced well-organized cytoskeleton for in vitro osteoblasts seeded in pTi. PEMF promoted gene expressions in Runx2, OSX, COL-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. PEMF-stimulated group exhibited higher Runx2, Wnt1, Lrp6 and β-catenin protein expressions. In vivo results via μCT and histomorphometry show that 6-week and 12-week PEMF promoted osteogenesis, bone ingrowth and bone formation rate of pTi in rabbit femoral bone defect. PEMF promoted femoral gene expressions of Runx2, BMP2, OCN and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Together, we demonstrate that PEMF improve osteogenesis and osseointegration of pTi by promoting skeletal anabolic activities through a Wnt/β-catenin signaling-associated mechanism. PEMF might become a promising biophysical modality for enhancing the repair efficiency and quality of pTi in bone defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mingming Zhai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shichao Tong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, PLA 302 Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanghao Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoling Xu
- Department of Nursing, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Gulati K, Maher S, Findlay DM, Losic D. Titania nanotubes for orchestrating osteogenesis at the bone-implant interface. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:1847-64. [PMID: 27389393 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium implants can fail due to inappropriate biomechanics at the bone-implant interface that leads to suboptimal osseointegration. Titania nanotubes (TNTs) fabricated on Ti implants by the electrochemical process have emerged as a promising modification strategy to facilitate osseointegration. TNTs enable augmentation of bone cell functions at the bone-implant interface and can be tailored to incorporate multiple functionalities including the loading of active biomolecules into the nanotubes to target anabolic processes in bone conditions such as osteoporotic fractures. Advanced functions can be introduced, including biopolymers, nanoparticles and electrical stimulation to release growth factors in a desired manner. This review describes the application of TNTs for enhancing osteogenesis at the bone-implant interface, as an alternative approach to systemic delivery of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Gulati
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Shaheer Maher
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - David M Findlay
- Discipline of Orthopaedics & Trauma, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dusan Losic
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Wang R, Wu H, Yang Y, Song M. Effects of electromagnetic fields on osteoporosis: A systematic literature review. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 35:384-90. [PMID: 27356174 DOI: 10.3109/15368378.2015.1107840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) as a safe, effective and noninvasive treatment have been researched and used for many years in orthopedics, and the common use clinically is to promote fracture healing. The effects of EMFs on osteoporosis have not been well concerned. The balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity as well as the balance between osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells plays an important role in the process of osteoporosis. A number of recent reports suggest that EMFs have a positive impact on the balances. In this review, we discuss the recent advances of EMFs in the treatment of osteoporosis from basic research to clinical study and introduce the possible mechanism. In addition, we presented future perspectives of application of EMFs for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology , General Hospital of the Yangtse River Shipping , Hubei , P. R. China
| | - Hua Wu
- b Department of Orthopedics , Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Hubei , P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- b Department of Orthopedics , Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Hubei , P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Song
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Hubei , P. R. China
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Hughes D, Song B. Dental and Nondental Stem Cell Based Regeneration of the Craniofacial Region: A Tissue Based Approach. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8307195. [PMID: 27143979 PMCID: PMC4842076 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8307195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial reconstruction may be a necessary treatment for those who have been affected by trauma, disease, or pathological developmental conditions. The use of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering shows massive potential as a future treatment modality. Currently in the literature, there is a wide variety of published experimental studies utilising the different stem cell types available and the plethora of available scaffold materials. This review investigates different stem cell sources and their unique characteristics to suggest an ideal cell source for regeneration of individual craniofacial tissues. At present, understanding and clinical applications of stem cell therapy remain in their infancy with numerous challenges to overcome. In spite of this, the field displays immense capacity and will no doubt be utilised in future clinical treatments of craniofacial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Declan Hughes
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK
| | - Bing Song
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK
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